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Reference 1. Major Nuclear Forces

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Reference 1. Major Nuclear Forces Reference Reference 1. Major Nuclear Forces U.S. Russia U.K. France China 550 508 46 Intercontinental Minuteman III: 500 SS-18: 80 DF-5 (CSS-4): 20 ballistic missiles Peacekeeper: 50 SS-19: 126 — — DF-31 (CSS-9): 6 (ICBMs) SS-25: 254 DF-4 (CSS-3): 20 SS-27: 48 35 IRBMs — — — — DF-3 (CSS-2): 2 MRBMs DF-21 (CSS-5): 33 SRBMs — — — — 725 Missiles 432 252 48 64 12 Trident C-4: 120 SS-N-18: 96 Trident D-5: 48 M-45: 64 JL-1 (CSS-N-3): 12 Submarine Trident D-5: 312 SS-N-19: 60 (SSBN [Nuclear- (SSBN [Nuclear- (SSBN [Nuclear- launched (SSBN [Nuclear- SS-N-23: 96 powered submarines powered submarines powered submarines ballistic missiles powered submarines (SSBN [Nuclear- with ballistic missile with ballistic missile with ballistic missile (SLBMs) with ballistic missile powered submarines payloads]: 4) payloads]: 4) payloads]: 1) payloads]: 14) with ballistic missile payloads]: 15) 114 79 Long-distance B-2: 19 Tu-95 (Bear): 64 — — — (strategic) bombers B-52: 94 Tu-160 (Blackjack): 15 Note: Sources: Military Balance 2008, etc. — 391 — Reference 2. Performance of Major Ballistic and Cruise Missiles Maximum Item Country Name Warhead (yield) Guidance System Remarks range MIRV (170 KT, 335-350 KT or Minuteman III 13,000 Inertial Three-stage solid U.S. 300-475 KT × 3) Peacekeeper 9,600 MIRV (300–475 KT × 10) Inertial Three-stage solid MIRV (1.3 MT × 8, 500 -550 KT × 10 or SS-18 10,500-16,000 Inertial Two-stage liquid 500-750KT × 10) or Single (24MT) Russia MIRV (550 KT × 6 or 500-750 ICBM SS-19 9,000-10,000 Inertial Two-stage liquid KT × 6) SS-25 10,500 Single (550 KT) Inertial + Computer control Three-stage solid SS-27 10,500 Single (550 KT) Inertial + GLONASS Three-stage solid Single (4 MT) or DF-5 (CSS-4) 12,000-13,000 Inertial Two-stage liquid MIRV (150-350 KT × 4-6) China Single (1 MT) or DF-31 (CSS-9) 8,000-14,000 Inertial + Stellar reference Three-stage solid MIRV (20–150 KT × 3–5) Trident C-4 7,400 MIRV (100 KT × 8) Inertial + Stellar reference Three-stage solid U.S. Trident D-5 12,000 MIRV (100 KT or 475 KT × 8) Inertial + Stellar reference Three-stage solid Single (450 KT) or SS-N-18 6,500-8,000 Inertial + Stellar reference Two-stage liquid MIRV (500 KT × 3 or 100 KT × 7) Russia SS-N-20 8,300 MIRV (200 KT × 10) Inertial + Stellar reference Three-stage solid SLBM Inertial + Stellar reference + SS-N-23 8,300 MIRV (100 KT × 4) Three-stage liquid Computer Controlled PBV U.K. Trident D-5 12,000 MIRV (100-120 KT × 8) Inertial + Stellar reference Three-stage solid France M-45 5,300 MRV (100 KT × 6) Inertial + computer control Three-stage solid China JL-1 (CSS-N-3) 2,150 – 2,500 Single (20–500 KT) Inertial + GPS + radar Two-stage solid DF-3 (CSS-2) 2,400 – 2,800 Single (3 MT) Inertial One-stage liquid IRBM DF-4 (CSS-3) 4,750 Single (3 MT) Inertial Two-stage liquid China MRBM Single (20–500 KT) DF-21 (CSS-5) 2,150 – 2,500 Inertial + GPS + radar Two-stage solid HE, chemical, EMP, sub munition Inertial + GPS + Terminal DF-11 (CSS-7) 280 – 530 Single (2–20 KT) One-stage solid SRBM China guidance DF-15 (CSS-6) 600 Single (90 KT) Inertial + Terminal guidance One-stage solid Tomahawk Inertial + Terrain Sea surface and Cruise 2,500 Single (200 KT) missile (TLAM-N) contour matching underwater launched U.S. (long- Inertial + Terrain AGM-86B 2,500 Single (200 KT) Air launched range) contour matching Inertial + Terrain Cruise SS-N-21 2,400 Single (200 KT) Underwater launched missile contour matching Russia (long- Inertial + Terrain AS-15 2,500 – 3,500 Single (200–250 KT) Air launched range) contour matching Note: Sources: Jane’s Strategic Weapons Systems, etc. — 392 — Reference Reference 3. Outline of Major Countries and Regional Military Power (Approximate Numbers) Ground Forces Naval Forces Air Forces Ground forces Tonnage Number of Number of Country or region Country or region Country or region (10,000 persons) (10,000 tons) vessels combat aircraft China 160 United States 556.2 950 United States 3,940 India 110 Russia 201.9 1,030 China 2,820 North Korea 100 China 117.1 860 Russia 2,170 Pakistan 55 United Kingdom 89.6 240 Republic of Korea 620 Republic of Korea 54 France 42.5 260 North Korea 590 United States 52 India 35.5 150 Syria 580 Viet Nam 41 Indonesia 23.4 180 India 570 Turkey 40 Turkey 21.9 200 Egypt 550 Russia 40 Taiwan 20.7 330 Taiwan 530 Myanmar 38 Germany 20.3 130 Turkey 500 Iran 35 Spain 19.1 100 France 500 Egypt 34 Italy 17.4 170 Israel 400 Brazil 24 Australia 15.6 80 Pakistan 380 Indonesia 23 Brazil 15.6 90 Libya 380 Colombia 22 Republic of Korea 15.3 180 United Kingdom 370 Japan 13.8 Japan 43.7 150 Japan 440 Notes: 1. Data on ground forces and air forces is taken from Military Balance 2008 and other sources, and data on naval forces is taken from Jane’s Fighting Ships 2007–2008 and other sources. 2. Figures for Japan show the actual strength of its Self-Defense Forces as of the end of FY 2007, and combat aircraft include ASDF combat aircraft (excluding transports) and MSDF combat aircraft (only those with fixed wings). 3. Arrangement is in order of the scale of armed strength. Reference 4. Outline of Regular and Reserve Forces of Major Countries and Regions (Approximate Numbers) Country or Region Military Service System Regulars (10,000 persons) Reserves (10,000 persons) United States Volunteer 150 108 Russia Conscription 103 2,000 United Kingdom Volunteer 18 20 France Conscription 25 3 Germany Conscription 25 16 Italy Volunteer 19 4 India Volunteer 129 116 China Conscription 211 80 North Korea Conscription 110 65 Republic of Korea Conscription 69 450 Egypt Conscription 47 48 Israel Conscription 18 57 Army 13.8 3.2 (0.6) Japan Volunteer Navy 4.4 0.09 Air Force 4.5 0.08 Notes: 1. Data taken from Military Balance 2008 and other sources. 2. Figures for Japan show the actual strength of its Ground Self-Defense Force, the Maritime Self-Defense Force, and the Air Self-Defense Force as of the end of FY 2007. The figure in brackets shows the number of SDF Ready Reserve Personnel, and is not included in the total figure. 3. Russia has made the shift from a conscription to voluntary system a top priority issue. — 393 — 350 300 250 350 200 300 150 250 100 200 50 150 0 100 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 Far East China North 50 Japan Russia Korea 0 Year 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 Far East China North Japan Russia Korea Year Reference 5. Outline of Changes in Military Power in Countries and Regions Surrounding Japan 180 Outline of Changes in Ground Military Strength160 in Outline of Changes in Maritime Military Strength in Countries and Regions Surrounding Japan Countries and Regions Surrounding Japan 140 350 120 180 300 100 160 80 140 250 10,000 10,000 personnel 60 120 200 tons 40 100 150 20 80 100 0 60 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 401965 1985 2007 50 Far East China North Japan Russia Korea 20 0 0 Year 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 Far East China North Japan Far East China North Japan Russia Korea Russia Korea Year Year Outline of Changes in Air Military Strength in Countries and Regions Surrounding Japan 6,000 180 5,000 160 Number of 4,000 140 6,000 combat aircraft 120 3,000 5,000 100 2,000 4,000 80 60 1,000 3,000 40 0 2,000 20 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 0 Far East China North 1,000Japan Russia Korea 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 0 Far East China North Japan Year Russia Korea 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 Far East China North Japan Note: Data taken from Military Balance, etc.,Year of the respective years (Figures for Japan represent actual Russia Korea strength as of the end of the respective fiscal years.) Year 6,000 5,000 — 394 — 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 1965 1985 2007 Far East China North Japan Russia Korea Year Reference Reference 6. Basic Policy for National Defense (Adopted by the National Defense Council and approved by the Cabinet on May 20, 1957) The aim of national defense is to prevent direct and indirect aggression and to repel any such aggression with the aim of protecting Japan’s independence and peace, which are founded on democracy. In order to achieve this, the Basic Policy states as follows: (1) To support the U.N. activities and promote international cooperation to achieve world peace. (2) To stabilize the livelihood of the people, promote their patriotism, and establish the foundations required for national security. (3) Within the limits required for self-defense, to progressively establish efficient defense capabilities in accordance with the nation’s strength and situation.
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