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T I, E R X PAGE 2 THE 0I CLEVELAND, OHIO, SATURDAY, APRIL 23, 1921. 1 THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2n CONGRESS OF THE 3rd, COM-- (7th Installment.) strong Communist Party. But the revolu- THIRD SITTING OF CONGRESS. tionary movement in India, in so far as it MUNIST INTERNATIONAL: Moscow 1920 popular masses, (PetTograd Pravda, July 28, 1920.) concerns the broad has , Lenin's Report on National and Colonial nothing in common with the nationalist CONGRESS OF THE COMMUNIST INTERNATIONAL," PUBLISHED BY THE Questions. FROM "THE SECOND liberation movement." OF THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE. Roy On July 26 the Congress listened to Com- RUSSIAN DIVISION On the basis of this analysis Comrade rade Lenin, who made a report upon the arrives at the conclusion that it is necessary results of the work of the committee of the movement in colonies is treason with respect China (Uomrade Lmi). unma was re- ten miClions. They are concentrated in the to eliminate from point 11 of the theses thlpeaoe large ac- Congress on national and colonial questions. to the revolution, and is jingoism which is fused everything at conference. At, industrial centers. They are absolutely on the national problem the paragraph moment Nationalist-revolutionar- y without rights, "The fundamental characteristics of im- the worst form of chauvinism. "In this kind the present tile and, in spite of the Constitu- cording to which Communist parties must Socialisit-Patriotis- movement is Waving much success. tion, have not suffrage. bourgeois-democrat- ic perialism," says Comrade Lenin, "is the di of m lies the greatest the Inequality as assist any liberatim youth are at its head. They or- to rights with respect to In Com- viding up of the world into a small handful danger for the revolution. Against this The student everything. movement in eastern countries. The 'strikes, and have close contact with South Carolina, for example, while $35 a should exclusive- of oppressors and an overwhelming majority danger you must fight energetically, and ganize munist International assist Strike year is sfenlt of oppressed. not with words, but by acts. Not only must workmen, who often' on their appeals. in schoos for each white child, ly the institution and development of the Sometimes even the small traders also anly $1 is spent for black one. Instance's Communist movement in India, and "At the present moment 70 per cent of you speak of revolution" in the colonies, as strike. a the as- day of Japanese ultimatum to Chi- of mob violence and lynching are particularly of India devote it- the entire population of the globe that is, did the II International, but you must The the Communist Party must May 4, 1915, has keen proclaimed day frequent. Till recently mar.y trade-unio- ns three-fourt- by every colonial revolutionary na, a self exclusively to the organization of the more than one and hs billion sist action shame. Industrial Shanghai is did net people are under the yoke of imperialist movement." of national take in negroes. At one time there broad popular masses for the struggle for the leader of the revolutionary movement, was among the negroes a movement to re- the class interests of the latter. powers. This yoke expresses itself in the IN THE SECTIONS OF THE CONGRESS. and carries on a struggle against the South- turn to Africa, bait this movement was not Comrade Roy defends the opinion the most varied forms of exploitation of man by (Petrograd Pravda, July 28, 1920.) that ern and Northern Governments. Sun-Yat-Se- n, successful. The negroes feel a close tie with revolutionary movement in Europe .is abso- man. This question acquires great import- National and Colonial Questions. who was formerly in the Southern America. On the labor market they compete lutely dependent on the course of the revo- ance, and as a result of its complicated and On the first; day tne work of the Sec- Government, left and. took with him only with the whites. The return from Europe lution in the East. Without the triumph of varied character in different countries it is tions is on nationals and colonial questions. generals adventurers of 4,000,000 American soldiers led to a whole the revolution in the Eastern countries, the one of particular difficulty. These questions have now become practical A Socialist printed organ is published in series of street conflicts over jobs in the Communist movement in the West may be "The Soviet idea is spreading everywhere, questions of the revolutionary struggle. This Shanghai ; there also k Left Party is active, factories. But the negroes have become quite brought to naught. World capitalism is even in the most backward countries. As a is clear from the fact that so many colonial and calls itself a Marxist Party ; it stands different since the war. They are easily in- drawing its main resources and incomes from result the question has come up, and was countries are represented at the Congress, for alliance with Soviet Russia against Ja- flamed by revolutionary propaganda and the colonies, and principally from Asia. The discussed in the committee, whether the such as India, Korea, China, Persia, and so pan, and for assistance to Korea. All Pro- many call themselves Bolsheviks. The or- European capitalists may in emergency give Communist International should support the forth. The II International, even in its best vinces are in the hands of governors-genera- l; ganization of the Industrial Workers of the to the workmen the entire surplus value in bourgeois-democrat- ic parties of oppressed years, could not boast of such an interna- the finances are also in their hands. World has already begun to work among order to attract them to their side and to nationalities. tional membership as we find here at the bourgeois-- Therefore the Central Government is con- them. ; I A destroy revolutionary tendencies. The capit- "We came to the conclusion that the 2nd Congress of the III International. The ducting systematically a selling out of Chi- in Report Comrade alists themselves would continue, with the democratic parties of oppressed na- toiling masses, many millions, of the Orient The Situation India of na to foreign robbers. Shantung and much Roy. aid of the proletariat, to exploit Asia. Such tionalities are of various kinds. Some of have developed closer relations. It is natural more was ceded to Japan. The overwhelming (Petrograd Pravda, July 29, 1920.) a way out would be most comfortable for them have adopted reformist tactics, and that their revolutionary representatives majority of the population are agricultural. Among reports com- the capitalists. Therefore it is neces'sary to are adapting themselves to the political re- should be at a World Communist Congress. the submitted' to the The majority of the poor of the cities are on and colonial questions, direct all efforts toward the development gime existing in a given country, harmoniz- European and American capitalism piti mittee national small artisans. The Chinese army numbers report of Roy situation and rise of the revolutionary movement in ing their activities with the interests of the lessly repressed and oppressed the colonies, the Comrade on the about 2,000,000, but these are hired soldiers in India deserves special : the East and to accept as a fundamental ruling countries. Of course we shall not give took away all the vital strength of oppressed attention who serve those who pay the money. In movement be- thesis that the destiny of Workl Communism any support to such parties. Here we have nations, and doomed them to stagnation and 'The nationalist in India China there are no large estates (China 13 concrete form in depends on the triumph of Communism in the essential difference between Commun- ruin. Now new times have come even for gan to take more or less one big kitchen garden). There is great eighties century, and the East. ists and reformists, because the latter sup- the most backward and oppressed. An the of the last found Sun-Yat-S- en Welch, bourgeois-democrat- shortage of land. And therefore expression in national congress. Comrade of the British Communist port ic movements in enormous quantity of inflammable material its a himself energetically supports the poli- in de- Party, answered Comrade Roy. Comrade politics. However, reformists, in fact, al- has accumulated everywhere. "This movement has embraced its cy of colonizing the border Provinces. The large circles youth Welch argued that we arc duty bound to ways come out against revolutionary move- Dutch India (Comrade Maring). A So- velopment of the student semi-colonia- rural population its very much up appeal of aid every movement against imperialism. ments in colonies and States. cialist propaganda has been conducted there stirred and of the middle classes, but the over the high taxes. An industrial prole- in- The national liberation movement in India On the other hand, Communists should sup- for about five years. "Imported" capitalism the Nationalists for a struggle for the the1 national-revolutionar- y is ju'st beginning to grow up. re- response in might not enjoy, for time being, the port the movements, did not permit the development of a local, tariat It dependence of India found no presents an extreme revolutionary element. population. sympathies of the large popular masses ; but but only when these movements are in fact native bourgeoisie; but there has been an the masses of the Korea (Comrade Pafk). To 1914 the not this does net mean that it will not gain them revolutionary. adequate number of large power robbers. "The popular masses of India are Gov- nobility and the prosperous elements were ; they in the very near future. The English "The peasantry is usually the support of Capitalistic development went forward, as reached by the nationalist spirit are will) to the" national-revolutionar- y the only standard bearers of the national in of a ernment find it very easy handle such movements. In did also the process of depriving the local interested exclusively questions social-econom- colo- movement. A mass revolutionary movement ic of purely Communistic propaganda in the such countries, the Communist Party is not population of land and of ruining the small character. The conditions has begun to develop only in the last year extremely nies and to suppress the Communist move- able to attain success unless it supports the artisans. In Dutch India (Java) there are life of the population of India are and a halt'. Japjujkjis Ko-e- a in colonial ment there. It will find it much harder to peasants. Here we come to the question as thirty mi'lions of Mussulmans. Of this num- hard. national-liberat- slavery, and thereforo trade capital Only is "Since English capitalism became estab- defeat the u Fowhat'shciul'd be the work of a Communist ber twenty-fou- r millions are peasants. The ex- to be found there. In the north of Korea lished in India 80 per cent of population a colony. Party in precapitalist countries (for proletarians number three millions. In 1912 the 1 there is small land tenure. But to the south country, live by (the tifting of Comrade Lenin also disputed the view- ample, our Turkestan) , where one must note occured the first great mass movement, of the who the there are exclusively part-da- y laborers and soil, property and become point of Comrade Roy. In Russia we sup- a practically complete absence of industrial which brought into the foreground workmen have lost their tenants, who have to give up 70 per cent of millions of ported the liberal-liberatio- n movement when proletariat. and peasants. It took place under the slogan agricultural laborers. These their crop. At some hope put in go Although they it was taking a stand against Tsarism. The "However, a Communist Party even in the of the struggle of Islam against foreign first wa3 people literally League So- Hindu Communists are duty-boun- d to sup- precapitalist countries has a wide field for capitalism. the of Nations. However, Left till the soil, they go hungry, because all they cialists immediately the question port the bourgeois-liberatio- n movement with- activity, inasmuch as you have in these A new revolutionary movement already raised produce by their labor is exported. These exploitation of squarely Moscow or Paris. Talking advant- tens people take absolutely no out, however, merging with it. Comrade backward countries also the has a history of three years. The most re- of millions of g semi-feud- Roy des- al age of the support of Rights, America goes too far in that the population by trading capital, and a volutionary elements are the railroad work the interest in the bourgeois capitalist watch- has tended to speculate on revolution in tiny of the We3t will depend jexc'hiisivdy relationship in agriculture. ers. Ten thousand of the forty thousand are words; the only slogan that will interest norea. nave un- : upon the degree of development and the "The struggle of agricultural toilers already organized. At Java there worked nut socialists cteiiniteiy them is 'The land to the landiller.' masked this deception. strength of the revolutionary movement in against landlord exploitation is the basis both reformists and a revolutionary Socialist "In comparison with the rural proletariat Comrade Frid (This report was trans- Eastern countries. Notwithstanding the upon which you can buid an organization Party, the latter having now changed its the industrial proletariat is numerically very mitted to Moscow by telephone ap- fact that there five of prole- of toilers, even in backward countries. name to Communist. The reformists have and an small. There are about five million workmen are millions parent error made in the name of dele- trade-unio- n tarians and thirty-seve-n millions of landless "In such countries it is quite possible to only a hundred members, all of thorn Euro- the in India. Among these workmen the gate who was unquestionably John Reed. Ed is spreading rapidly. Dur- peasants in India, the Hindu Communists establish a Soviet authority. The experiences pean (colonizers). In th? ranks of the revo- movement dwells particularly on did not succeed until the present in of Russia and of various Mussulman repub- lutionary Socialist Party are 1,500 Javese the condition of the ing the last years the strike movement has time negroes in "democ- establishing a Communist party in lics for example, Turkestan show that the and 100 Europeans. America. In this famous been spreading intensely in the working their country, and Single only Sultan-Zad- racy" there are three categories of oppres- class of India. The first important strike because of this fact the Soviet movement can be successful not Persia (Comrade e) . The im- views of Comrade Roy are to large extent in proletarian countries, but even in those portation of cheap manufactured goods from sed people: First, the immigrant workman; occured in 1906. It took in the railroad half-depende- second, nt a genuine not well grounded. countries where precapitalist relations exist. abroad contributed particularly to the ruina- the colonial and workers and assumed the form of peoples (Next week Discussion of Colonial and Na- In these countries ycu experience great dif- tion of the peasaht masses and the small Filipinos, Indians, and such; and uprising. third, negroes. The in India to form a tional Policy.) ficulty in organizing Soviets, but without artisans. The peasant masses are cruelly ex- negroes number about 'There are elements question it is possible to arouse an indepen- ploited by the Shah's clique, and by the workers gathered on Glasgow Green workers were employed in the ex- dent revolutionary consciousness and move- feudate who own estates equal in size to INTERNATIONAL HAPPENINGS. to protest against the imprisonment port trades. ment even in these countries. The Soviet Belgium Holland. and There is no unity in of their comrades and to demand simple, and understood idea is very can be the ruling classes. This leads to constant their immediate release. Odessa. The Greek steamer Ma- not only by the proletariat, but also by the political strife in their midst. The agrarian Capetown, South Africa. Slowly tive Committee of the International rietta has arrived here with a large the various scattered sections of the of Communist Youth is busy regist- cargo of manufactured goods broader nonproletarian masse?. aristocracy constantly looks toward "impe- Dublin, April 9. Details of the exe- and revolutionary movement are getting ering new affiliations. Formed in coal for Soviet Russia. An Italian "Here we come to another very important rialist protectors." A section of the mer- together cution by the British jrovernment of here. Recently, several con- November, 1920, with only about steamer, with a cargo of copper, has de- the six Irishmen at Mountjoy should pointy which has aroused rather lively chant groups thinks mainly of the markets ferences have been called in this 2,rt0,000 members, the International just arrived some to the workers at Novorossisk. bates in the committee. Can countries with of the rich metropolis, while another section city, under the chairmaniWp of that of Communist Youth now numbers be of interest of all lands. The six men who were j stalwart for revolutionary unity, nearly a million young proletarians in production pass to sees no other way out except in Heim-dah- precapitalist relations to remain so brutally done to death by tha Stockholm. The steamer l, Comrade E. J. Brown, late Secretary in the various lands where it pos- Communism without going through the dependence. great capitalist imperialism of the loaded with 102 tons of various of the Boljrinn Contra Workers' sesses national sections. There are .period capitalism ?" A schism took place among propertied Old World, were nil working men. goods, including telephone material, of the Union. Anions the orcanWtlons par- Young Communist Leagues in forty Four of them were members of Trade motors, saws ,etc., left for Rcvnl last On this point Comrade Lenin notes that classes in 1912, during the Russian attack ticipating arc the fnpetoVm Com- different countries; and even China Unions. On the day of the execution, week. The cargo 1s destined for if the victorious proletariat having State on Persia. It continued even during the munist Party, the Social Democratic sent Its young revolutionary dele- the workers of this city abstained Soviet Russia, and has a value of in in most develop- period English Federation, the Socialist League and gates to the international conference! authority its hands the of the occupation. In view from work until 11 a. m. The appeal 430,000 Swedish crowns. others. The debate hat centered ed industrial countries, will come to the as- of the weakness of the ruling classes of the to the workers was carried only in around tin. twenty-on- e pomta of ad- with all its organi- native society, and of Glasgow, Scotland 'By maih). one paper, and appeared in the col-um- s i sistance of the Orient the acuteness of the mittance to the Third (Communist) Great demonstrations were held in of the extra edition at 7 in zation and State means, then the backward agrarian relations, the revolution in the International, and it in expected that this city, and all over the British tho evening of the day previous to countries will be able to attain Communism Orient is inevitably taking on enormous soon a strong Cnitrd Communist PRAVDA Isles, on March 27th, to protest the execution. Yet the result, with capitalist stage social Party of South Africa will emerge Bohemian (Czechoslovak) Week- without passing through the proportions. agninst the governmental n from theje peyecu-tio- so inadequate a warning, was a ly Organ of Uncompromising discussions. movement,. of development. The institutions of revolutionary of the working class splendid demonstration of working Socialism. "One must abandon scientific prejudices the Anjumani, which were in The following British Communists class solidarity. The city was. rend- SUBSCRIPTION RATES: . n each country must absolutely pass existence in the time of the revolution, Moscow. April in. On March 21st and revolutionary unionists have ered powerless and lifeless by the that first $2 per Year; Six Months $1. the Central Penal Depart petit of the been sentenced to prison terms: C. unanimous stoppage of work. Labor through capitalist exploitation; the power have spread rapidly throughout the whole Single Copies 5c; Bundle Or- Tartar Republic, under Soviet rule, L. Malone. M. P., six months; Sylvia tasted of Ifs power. It removed its of Soviets, when there is a powerful in- country. i ders 50 to 100 copies 4c each; has decided that all its Moons shall Pankhurst, six months; E. Vclthimo, hand from the levers of production, world 100 copies or moro 3c por copy. dustrial proletariat uprising on a India (Comrade Roy). In Irtdia there are be at once transform' into work- ix months; Taylor, six months; and the town was dead! Only the scale, can be established in those countries 37,000,000 landless peasants. Ljujd owner- shops, theatres, libraries1 ind similar Scot i. six months; Patcrson, six motor lorries of the military .noved; Address in which the capitalist development has not ship is highly centralized; 600 to 700 princes institutions. months; Steele, three months; Har- Industry had ceased. Only the ma- PRAVDA vey, three months; Wehr, three chinery of the imperialist cnpitallst 1123 W. 19th Sir.. ChlcaM. III. attained any serious proportions." own alimost the entire territory. About i for a communist correct months; Gallacher, three months; II. state stirred. When shall that also ac- with a Very lively debates in the committee proletarians work in enterprises M. following understanding of his own ends, the Emery, tw months. The cease to function, and the revolution companied question of the of which number 500 workmen each. The Na- been awaiting the attitude art of politics lies in c Wfcitly cal- have arrested and are be complete? to- fm- - H. W. Emery. AUred. D. the workmen who 'Mve in the merotpolis tionalist movement rests the most part culating the conditions and the mo- trial: Guy THE IRISH PEOPLE H. An- ward the revolutionary movement in colon- n the middle classes (in south of India). A ment when the nr 1, tariifc vanguard M'i.eish, Janet Patrick and Unemployment in the little repub- For Workers of Irish Birth can take over " drew Fleming. lic of Switzerland Is spreading. Al- ies. Comrade Lenin on this point indicates revolutionary stfiko movement of prole- power lujflbfullv 1 year $'139. In this city the meeting was hold ready the number of wQrkless reaches the refusal of the workmen of capitalist tarian musses is blazing for itself its own NicalB Llri. 262 West 23 Street that under the auftpictt of the Communist nearly 200,000 in a national popula- New York Cltjr, countries to support the revolutionary road Berlin.-T- he office of U Execu Party of Great Britain. Thousands ot tion of only 7 million. Most of these