Stalin’s Speeches on the American Communist Party [1929] 1 Stalin’s Speeches on the American Communist Party: Delivered in the American Commission of the Presidium of the Executive Committee of the Communist International, May 6, 1929 and In the Presidium of the Executive Committee of the Communist International on the American Question, May 14th, 1929. by I. Stalin Published as a pamphlet by Central Committee, Communist Party USA, New York, n.d. [1931]. Preface. The speeches of Comrade Stalin in the Ameri- workers, and finally, their covering of the Right dan- can Commission and at the meeting of the Presidium ger under the theory that the only Right danger was of the Executive Committee of the Communist Inter- Trotskyism and that it was not necessary to fight against national, published herewith, have not only historical opportunistic tendencies and theories openly formu- but also present political importance. At once they lated by Right wingers who at that time determined show the line of the Sixth Congress in action and the the political line of the American Party. application to the Communist Party of the United The speeches of Comrade Stalin show very States of the Sixth Congress decisions on the fight against the Right danger. The Sixth Congress of the C.I. pointed out the growth of the Right wing tendencies in the world Communist movement, the growth caused by new features in the world situation — further decay of capi- talist stabilization, sharpening of inner and outer con- tradictions of capitalism, sharpening of the class struggle and the radicalization of the working class. In the United States these new features of the world situ- ation signified the deeper entanglement of American capitalism in the general crisis of world capitalism, the more rapid growth of class contradictions, and the sharpening of the struggle of the American workers against the united front of capitalists, their state appa- ratus, and their reformist lackeys. In this situation Right wing opportunists in the American Party developed only reformist conceptions on all important questions of the Communist movement. The most “famous” of these opportunistic conceptions were Pepper and Lovestone’s theory of American exceptionalism, their opportunistic presentation of the question of the in- ner contradictions of American capitalism, their un- derestimation of the degree of the radicalization of the 1 2 Stalin’s Speeches on the American Communist Party [1929] clearly how the fight against Right wingers in America icalization of the workers, which results in our lagging was part and parcel of the beneficent process of cleans- behind the masses in economic struggles, in the orga- ing the sections of the Communist International of nization of the unemployed, and in the preparation opportunist and wavering elements. Comrade Stalin for May Day, in order to understand the present im- showed how this cleansing was a tactical conclusion portance of Stalin’s analysis of the Right tendencies in dictated by the whole analysis of the world situation. the American Party, of the very clearly formulated dis- tinction between specific particularities of American There are many who think that nothing has changed in capitalism which the Communist Party must take into the international situation of late, that everything has remained as of old. This is not true, comrades. The fact of account in its work and the general features of capital- the matter is that we have an accentuation of the class ism, which are common to all countries, which are struggle in all capitalist countries, a growing revolutionary the basis of all our activity and the very foundation of crisis in Europe, growing conditions of a new revolutionary upward swing.... Soon the ground will be too hot for world internationalism. This distinction, which is the divid- capitalism. ing line between Communists and opportunists, must The duty of the Communist Party is at once to begin be learned by every member of the Party and really preparatory work for the coming class struggles, to prepare the working class and the exploited masses for new applied in all our everyday work. revolutionary struggles.... But in order to carry out this task, The particular features of opportunism in the it is necessary at once, without the loss of a single moment, American Party were the seal of unprincipledness and for time does not wait, to set about cleaning the Communist Parties of the Right and conciliationist elements, who sharply developed factionalism. Naturally the fight of objectively represent the agency of social-democracy within the Communist International against opportunism in the ranks of the Communist Party. And we must set about the American Party must have been directed against this matter not at the usual pace, but at an accelerated pace, for, I repeat, time does not wait and we must not allow events this particular expression of American opportunism. to catch us unawares. The political blows of Comrade Stalin’s speeches were directed against unprincipled factionalism of both fac- The political roots of opportunist errors and tions of the American Party — the former majority theories, which flourished in the American Party, are and minority groups. One of the most revolting fea- clearly analyzed and exposed in Comrade Stalin’s tures of this unprincipled factionalism was the specu- speeches. At the beginning of his first speech he says lation on the divergencies in the Communist Party of that both groups in the American Party, that the ma- the Soviet Union, and in this respect Comrade Stalin jority and minority, “are guilty of the fundamental er- mercilessly unmasked pretensions of the former mi- ror of exaggerating the specific features of American nority to be “Stalinites” in the United States as well as capitalism.” This general ground of all opportunist Lovestone’s stock exchange speculation at the Sixth mistakes in the American Party as shown by Comrade Party Convention [Chicago, March 1929] on the Bu- Stalin a year ago has been proved by the subsequent kharin question. political evolution of the counter-revolutionary Love- Blinded by factionalism, both factions not only stone group, as well as by the newest manifestations of did not see or did not show to the Party the opportun- opportunistic tendencies inside the American Party. ist mistakes of their “own” groups, but failed to find It would be sufficient to cite Lovestone’s con- an escape from the years long factional strife which ception of the economic crisis in the United States as disarmed the American Party in the face of the class a mere stock exchange crash and his continued pan- enemies and compromised the Party in the eyes of the egyrics, worthy of a backward shopkeeper, before the American workers. Comrade Stalin shows how the power and strength of American capitalism, even while minority saw only one solution — to give the leader- it is in an orgy of economic crisis which shakes its very ship of the Party to the minority faction. And the foundation, in order to show the necessity for Stalin’s majority faction, headed by Lovestone, demanded only analysis. It would be sufficient to point out the under- the whitewashing of majority leaders of all opportu- estimation, which still exists in the Party, of the depth, nistic mistakes and the strangling of the minority. The duration, and political significance of the present eco- solution given by the Comintern, as laid down in nomic crisis as well as the underestimation of the rad- Comrade Stalin’s speeches, was: a merciless fight against Stalin’s Speeches on the American Communist Party [1929] 3 the opportunistic mistakes of both groups, decisive Still timely are the tasks of the American Com- organizational measures to stop once for all the fac- munist movement laid down by Comrade Stalin in tional fight in the American Party, and the unification his speeches: bolshevization of the American Party, of the Party, not on the platform of the majority or of forging of real revolutionary cadres and of real revolu- the minority, but on the basis of the CI line. tionary leaders of the proletariat, strengthening of the Perhaps the most striking part of Comrade fight against reformism and social-democracy, and pre- Stalin’s speeches is his analysis of factionalism in a paring the working class and the exploited masses for Communist Party. With clear and simple words, with the new revolutionary fights. formulations sharp as a razor, Comrade Stalin opens Comrade Stalin pointed out that the importance this “running sore” of factionalism in a Communist of the Comintern Address consisted precisely in that Party and, in a way understandable to every worker, it helps the American Party “to put an end to unprin- shows the necessity of putting an end to the crime of cipled factionalism, create unity in the Party, and finally factionalism. enter on the broad road of mass political work.” The Many political prognoses made by Comrade Sta- American Communist Party after a year of work and lin in May a year ago now appear as fulfilled predic- struggle can now say that this general task has been tions. His analysis of the crisis of world capitalism, entirely accomplished. The Party has mercilessly elimi- which develops with quick tempo and which must nated factionalism and is now united on the line of involve American capitalism, and his statement that the Comintern in the fight against all and every op- the 3,000,000 of unemployed were but the first swal- portunist tendency and is already on the road to mass lows of the crisis maturing in America; all these prog- political activity. The organizational successes of the noses were not mere guesses, but inevitable conclu- Party, and the tremendous growth of the Party’s po- sions drawn from a Marxian analysis of the whole world litical influence among the American workers are re- situation.