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Ha\m. 59- 6068 Du622 A4 1881-1884 WINCHESTER RIFLES. i CARTRIDGES, GUNPOWDER & SAFETY\l:'USE~ --:0:-- .::IiOHN SK:ERKER.. 175 PINE STREET, SAN FRANOISOO, OAL., 'SOLE AGENCY OF THE PACIFIC COAST FOR THE Winchester Repeating Arms Co" of New Haven. --:0:-- Constantly on hand a full stock of their Sporting Rifles, Carbines and Muskets, plain finished, or beautifully Gold, Silver, or Nickel Plated and Engraved, of models 1866, 1873, and 1876. Also, just out, the Winchester Express Rifle, 50 calibre; cartridge 50 c. 95 gs. The new Winchester, model 1879 45 calibre; straight cartridge 45 c. 60 gs. The Hotchkiss Magazine Gun, both Military and Sporting, 45 cahbre; cartridge same as U. S. Government-45 c. 70 gs. Also, the Cartridges manufactured by them for the same, as well as for all other Rifles and Pistols, both rim and central fire, as well as Primed Shells, Brass and Paper Shotgun Shells, Winchester and Berdan Primers, Percussion Caps, and parts of Arms. Also, Agent for E. L.DU PONT NEMOURS & CO., of WILMINGTON, DEL­ AWARE. Constantly on hand, a full stock of their Mining, Cannon, Musket, and Sporting Gunpowder. Also, Agent for EAGLE SAFETY FUSE COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA. A full and complete stock of their various brands of Safety Fuse, warranted equal to any made in the world• .~E'V STYLES!---THIS SEASON'S GOODSI SUITS to Order from $20,00 PANTS to Order from $5,00 --:0:- The Public invited to Inspect OUR NEW STYLES. -:0:- C:::C-V:::CL:::CTY TO .A.LL. -:0:- ELECTRIC LIGHT USED. -:0:- '4.....tf:J__·~\~_ SAMPLES, with Instructions for Self-Measme· .7r-·~~~ ment, Sent Free• NICOLL THE TAILOR,,·

San Francisco, Oalifornia. E. P. ADAMS,

Auctioneer and tommission Merchant<;' IMPORTER AND Dealer in Groceries and Case Goode" AGENT OAlIFORNIA FURNITURE MANUFAOTURING 00., Queen Street, . HONOLULU RESTAURANT NO. 75 NUUANU 8TREET. -:0:- OPEN FROM 5 A. M. TO '7 P. M.

--:0:- CLEANLINESS THE RULE --:0:- O~ SFECJ:.A.:r..l:c'"'Y: MEAL,S AT ALL HOURS, B-OOD COOKS, ATTENTIVE WAITERS. !lIED BBST i!JEBMl4BKEI! 4J1EJQBDE: Al.vvays on. ~a:n.d.. E. C. McCANDLESS, Proprietor. IQBmf 1It~ ~4~Y~ NOTARY PUBLIO, -AND- COMMISSIONER OF DEEDS For the States of California and New York. OFFICE AT THE BANK OF BISHOP & CO" MERCHANT STREE1 . HONOLULU, H.!.·

~ . - ...

M. ECKART, Kaahumanu Street, Honolulu, Im,orUng ld M~nuf~~turing J~w~br ~d ~iimod ~~thr. - -:0:- A. F~ltST~C~t\S$ WJt\VCMMt\~~Et Will llave charge of all Watch Repairing. THOROUGH WORK AND PROMPTNESS GUARANTEED. --:0:-- . SHELL AND KUKUI WORK EXECUTED TO ORDER. HONOLULU STEAM BAKERY. R. LOVE & BRO., Proprietors,

Nuuanu Street.

Always on Hand and Made to Order.

-ALSO-- fVATER, SODA .lIND BUTTER CR.lICKERS, JENNY LIND C.lIKES,

~O::-

SHIP BREAD RE - BAKED ON SHORTEST NOTICE. Family Bread, made of the Best Flour, Ba10ed Daily, and always on hand. N. B.-Brown Bread of the Best Quality. _ L. -VV~~., CONTRACTOR AND BUILDER.'

Shop on King St., near Lewers & Dickson's. --:0:-

ORDERS PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO. CHAS. T.GULICK, N~1!;1In1t fP17B~lfJ. AGENT TO TAKE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS To Labor COll"tracrts,

Ka.a.humanu Street, Honolulu, H. I. THOMAS LACK, . MACHINIST, LOCK AND· GUN SMITH,

-AND- I

Fi:n.es"t Cigars, Tobacco, Pipes, Po"'U.ches, ~c.

AGENT FOR

-AND- FLORENCE !{EROSENE STOVES. No. 40 Fort Street, Honolulu. ~1. PHILLIPS & CO., No. 10 Kaahumanu Street, Honolulu, Importers and Commission Merchants.

-:0:-

.SAN FRANCISCO OFFICE, 111 BATTERY STREET. HYMAN BROS., IMPORTERS OF GOODS FROM ENGLAND, FRANCE, GERMANY O_ANDTHE_ "'CJ"NJ:TED ST.A.TES. Special Attention Civen to Island Orders. ESTABLISHED 1863. J. NOTT & CO., IMPOR;I'ERS AND DEALERS IN STOVES, RANGES, KEROSENE STOVES, c :e 0 C x:: E :ey,

Tin Plate, Copper, Sheet Iron, Solder, Wire, Rivets, Zinc, Lead, Cast Iron Hollow Ware, Lead and Iron Water Pipes, Cast Iron Soil Pipes, Steam and Water Cocks, Union Couplings, Steam and Water Fittings, pumps, House Water Closets, Plows, Horse Hoes, Planters' Hoes, Lane & Clements' Hoes, Pickaxes, Hunt's Axes and Tools, Hubs, Spokes, Felloes and Iron Axles for Ox and Mule Carts, &c., &c., &c. PnA~TI~AL TIN, ~~rrER AND SHEET IRON WORXERS &PLUMBERS. ------No.9 Kaahumanu St., Honolulu. WILLI.llr R. CASTLE. FRANCIS M. HATCH. ,OASTLE & HATOH, ATTOR~.EYSATLfi~ Office, 15 Kaahumanu Street. Attend the Terms of Circuit Court on all of the Islands. Loans negotiated. .. Conveyancing. Special attention paid to matters of Real Estate Law, in action and otherwise. . W. R OASTLE, NOTARY PUBLIC. J. M. OAT & CO., SA~L MAKERS. SAILS, HAMMOCKS, TENTS, AND TRUNK COVERS 1\IJ:ade "to Order. FLAGS MADE AND REPAIRED. Carpets Cut and Made to Order. MAKEE (Fire-proof) BLOCK, QUEEN STREET, HONOLULU, H. I.

EIST.A.:BLXF;;:El:E:I> 1859. PiONEER fURN~lURE WAREROOMS,

Have on hand and manufacture to order all kinds of Furniture, Upholstery, Drapery& Bedding AGENT AND EXPORTER OF PULU. New Goods of the Very Latest Styles Received every Month Warerooms in Fire-proof Building, No. 111 Fort Street- Work Shop at the Old Stand on Hotel Street, near Fort Street. HENRY M.A.Y & CO., TEA DEALERS, Oalfee Boas;terSJ and PJ!6vfsioDl Mrero&antSJ" Fort Street, Honolulu, H. I. New Coods Received by Every Vessel From the Eastern States and Europe; Cal. Produce by each Steamer. ~QQodsdelivered in any part of the CitY.A1 TREGLOAN'S MERCHANT TAILORING ESTABLISHMENT, Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands, IMPORTER. OF SUPERFINE WOOLEN GOODS Suitable for Gents' Dress, Bosiness, and Traveling Suits, Ulsters, &c. LADIES' RIDING HABITS,. TRAVELING SUITS, ULSTERS AND WALKING JACKETS A SPECIALTY. -:0:- Box 183. Orders Executed in Eastern Style. A. L.SMITH, N"o. 44Fort 81;., ::EI:o:n.ol.-u.l:u.,~.::I:.,.

IMPORTER AND DEALER IN .. MERIDEN OUADRUPlE PLATED WARE, "Ya:n.kee N"o"t:l.o:n.s,

BINf}~S (fff!)MOINdlltION Sff?BfJlt;lfJ~lflS.

VASES, BRACKETS, LUSTRAL WIRE WARE, DOMESTIC PAPER FASHIONS. GUNS, POWDER, SHOT, FANCY SOAPS, ETC., ETC. -:o:.=:::...-

AGENT FOR THE JUSTLY CELEBRATED AND UNIVERSALLY ACKNOWLEDGED "" Ligh.1; B.:u.:n.:n.i:n.g" DOMESTIC SEWING MACHINE.

XJfiirTER~ISSTRICTLY CASH.~ Established 1862. RICE MILL,

-CORNER OF-

MISSION AND FREMONT STREETS,

SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

--:0:-- THE INDIA RICE MILL,

After twenty years' practical experience and improvement, is now the nearest to perfection of any of the Rice Mills of the world. In thoroughness of cleansing and polishing it stands unrivalled, and in yield of cleaned, merchantable Rice from the Paddy, produces from 5 to 8 per cent. more than the celebrated mills of Amsterdam.

--:0:- THE INDIA RICE MILL

IS NOW IN PERFECT RUNNING ORDER FOR THE

From the Hawaiian Islands, to whioh it is Speoially Adapted.

--:0:-

WILL RECEIVE

WM. M. GREENWOOD~ Q-eneral Cor.o.n:::l.ission ~erchant, And Proprietor oj the India Rice Mill. L -FOR-

--_0_-.---

A HAND BOOK OF INFOR1IATION On Matters Relating to the Ha-w-aiian Islands,

Original and Selected, of Value to

Merchants, Planters, Tour- ists and Others. --_..._---- SEVENTH YEAR OF PUBLICATION. I.'

THOS. G. THRW£, CO~IPILER AND PUBLISHER, Merchant, and Fort Streets, HONOLULU.

COPYRIGHTED ACCORDING TO LAW. COUNTING HOUSE CALENDAB~ ---_0_ ...--'---

I

~ • ...:~.~ ~ • ...: ~ ~ ~ '1 rI ~ ~ ...: rI ~ ...: . ...: ~ 00 ~ ...: ~ ~ ...: 00 ~ ~ ~ ~ ...: ~ ~ ...: ~ i'i1 00 ~ ...: ~ m -.: ~ ~ -.: m ...: ~ ~ 00 z ~ 00 ~ ~ p Z i'i1 ~ ~ ~ ~ m z Z i'i1 P H 'm pz 0 p ITHUl. G. THRUM, p 0 P i'i1 ~ ~ -.: ... rI 00 :::l ~ 1'< 00'"' rI 00 ~ '"' r-. '" __------'" '"' IMPORTING ------'"' --'"' - Jan•...... , .. 1 July ...... 1 2 234 567 8 -AND- 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 910 II 121314 15 1011 121314 15 16 16171819202122 MANUFACTURING 1718192021 2223 23 24 25 26 27 2829 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 , .. Feb. 3031 12 3 4 5['STATIONER Aug•.. 1 2 3 4 5 6 6 "7 8 910 II 12 7 8 910 II 1< 13 1314 15 161718191 NEWS 14151617181920 20 21 22 23 24 25 261' 21 22 23 24 25 2627 27 28 .. DEALER. 28293031 ...... ~[ar. 1 2 3 4 5 Sept•. , ...... 1 2 3 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 -AND- 4 5 6 7 8 910 13141516171819 Il121314151617 18192021222324 2021 2223242526 27 2829 30 31 .... BOOK BINDER. 25 26 27 28 29 30 .. April 1 2 Oct 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Mercllant St., 234 5 678 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 17181920212223 (Near Fort,) 16 17 18 192021 22 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 23 24 25 26 27 2829 -AND- 3031 .. )IllY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 F rt St t Nov. .. .. 1 2 3 4 5 8 910 II 121314 0 ree , 678910Il12 1 15161718192021 1314 151617 1819 1 22 23 242526 27 28 Oor.fIotel St., 1 20,21 22232425261 293031 .. ,.... ," HONOLULU 27282930 ... , "1 June...... '1 2 3 4 , iDee...... 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 121314151617185 67 81910111 R.I. II 12 1314 15 1617 1 192021222324251 181920212223241 1'26 27 28 29 30 .. .. 25 26 27 282930 31

ROBERT GRIEVE, PIUS1'RR, HONOLULU, H. 1. ADVERTISEMENT.

Tie principal object aimed at in the preparation of the-HAWAIIAN ALMANAC AND ANNUAL from its inception has been to combine full and accurate information on matters peculiarly Hawaiian within its economized space, and to present its constantly reviewed tables of information in such a manner as shall facilitate in its consultation. From the constantly increasing homo and foreign demand, the assurances of many minds, as also the liberal extracts from its pages in leading publications abroad-with due credit-indicate in a flattering manner the appreciation of our labors, and the wholesale plagiarism in the recent effort at a Directory of these Islands by its compiler, notwithstanding our copyrights, is an unintentional ltC· knowledgment of the reliability and value of our property that cannot be ignored. The increasing corps of co-laborers as shown in this issue, gives further variety and increasing interest in I,lland subjects of research which, as above noted, it will be our chief aim toO maintain. The article (.n Hawaiian Algreds the first that has yet been published, and is from one who has devoted.many years to its inter­ esting study. Theatrical Reminiscences, from Mr. Sheldon's facile pen, recalls incidents which, with its history in these Islands, has long been sought for both here and abroad. Hawaiian Legendary Lore, by the Rev. A. O. Forbes, is con­ tinued as a feature of the ANNUAL, and the able essay on the Hawaiian Climate, from the Rev. S. E. Bishop, with other kindred Island subjects by other writers, will be read with interest. Retrospect for the Year is assuming more importance each issue with its varied information, which, as an impartial recorder of events, it is our province to note, not only for present reference but for the guidance of the future historian of these fair isles. With grateful feelings to an appreciative public, and thanks to those assistants :who have contributed so largely to the success of ~he ALMANAC AND ANNUAL, the Compiler presents the result of his labor upon this, its seventh issue, feeling confident that it falls behind none of its predecessors in interest. THOS. G. THRUM~ .HONOLULU, November, 1880. 4 ~nttjnihnl ~nlutnl ~nlclldn~

FOE :LSS:L, Being the 100rd year since thediscovery of theHawaiian Islands by Capt. Cook: The latter part of the l05th and the beginning of the 106th year of the Indepen- dence of the of America. Also, The Year 5641-42 of the Jewish Era: The Year 1298 of the Mahommedan Era: The Year 2633 since the foundation of Rome, according to Varro.

HOLIDAYS OBSERVED AT THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. "New year Jan. 1 American Anniversary July 4, Chinese New year Jan. 29 "His Majesty's Birthday Nov. 16 "Good Friday Apl. 15 "Recognition of Hawaiian Inde- Birth of May 24 pendence Nov. 28 "Kamehameha Day June 11 "Christmas Dec. 25 Those prefixed by a " are recognized bv the Government.

CHURCH DAYS, FIXED AND MOVABLE FEASTS. Epiphany Jan. 6 Ascension Day May 26 Septuagesima Sunday Feb. 13 Pentecost or Whitsuntide June 5 Shrove Sunday Feb. 27 Trinity Sunday June 12 Shrove Tuesday Feb. 29 Corpus ChristL June 16 Ash Wednesday Mch. 2 St. John Baptist's Day June 24 First Sunday in Lent Mch. 6 All Saints' Day Nov. 1 Palm Sundav Apl. 10 First Sunday m Advent Nov. 27 Good Friday Api. 15 St. Nicholas Dec. 6 Easter Sunday Apl. 17 Christmas Dec. 25 Low Sunday Apl. 24 St. John, Evangelist Dec. 27 Rogation Sunday....•...... •...May 22

CHRONOLOGICAL CYCLES. Dominical Letter B'I Solar Cycle : 14 Epact 30 Roman Indict.ion...... 8 Golden Number...... 1 Julian Period 65940

ECLIPSES IN 1881. In the year 1881 there will be four eclipses, two of the Sun and two of the Moon, and a transit of the planet Mercury over the Sun's disc. A partial eclipse of the Sun occurs May 27, and an annular eclipse Nov. 21, 1881, neither of which will be visible at these Islands. . A total eclipse of the Moon occurs June 11, as follows: Enters Penumbra ~.42.4 P. 11£'1 Total Eclipse ends...... •. 9.~.3 P. M. Enters Shadow 6.39.2 P.1\!. Leaves Shadow 10.05.1 P. M. Total Eclipse begins 7.41.5 P.1\!. Leaves Penumbra 11.00.6 P.1\!. Middle of Eclipse...... •8.22.4 P. M. Magnitude of Eclipse, 1.365. Moon's diameter=l. Transit of Mercury over the Sun's disc occurs Nov. 7, 1881. Ingress, ExterJor Contact.. 11~44.38 A. 11£'1 Egress, Interior Contact 5.oo.4.{) P.1\!. Ingress, InterlOr Contact..11.46.21 A. M. Egress, Exterior Contact 5.05.30 P.1\!. Least Distance of Centres 2.24.04 P. M. A partial eclipse of the Moon occurs Dec. 5, 1881, partly visible here, as follows: Enters Penumbra•...... 3.45.1 A.M., Leaves Shadow•...... 8.18.1 A.M. Enters Shadow .4.56.2 A.M. Leaves Penumbra 9.28.6 A.M. Middle of Eclipse...... ••..•.6.36.9 A. M. •

5 FIRST QUA~TER, 1881. JANUARY. FEBRUARY. MARCH. D. H.M:. D. H.M. D. H.M. 6-First Quarter. 9.38.1 P.M. tr-First Quarter 2.22.5 P.M. 7-First Quarter..9.30.5 A.M. 14--Full }loon..... 1.02.3 A.M. 13-Full Moon 7.52.2 P.M. ltr-Full Moon 0.05.4 P.M. 22-I,a8t Qnarter .10.16.5 A.M. 21-Last Quarter•..8.59.0 A.M. 2'~-Last Qnarter 458.5 P.M. 2

~ w5 IF3 ~ ~ fIi ~ ~ ~ ~ = ~ E z ~ ~ ~ z E ,0 ~ iia z ~ i:= a ~ ~ .. ~ z ~ ~ Z ~ ~ ~ ~ 00 ~ 0 ~ tIJ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Q ~ H. Me H. lI. A A II. M. H.:M. A A II. M. II. M. 1 Sat 6,42.0i5.26.0 IITues 6.40.5 5.'17.11 I'Tues 6.23.8 6.01.1 2 SUN 6.

12 Wed 6.43.55.33.9 ]2 Sat.. 6.34.4 5.54.5 1 ]2 Sat.. 6.14.8i6.04.8 13(fhms 6.43.65.34.5 13 SUN 6.33.9 5.54.9i ]3 SUN 6.13.9i6.05.1 HFri.. 6.43.75.3.'>.2 14l\Ion 6.33.4 5.55.2i 14l\1on 6.13.0 6.05.4 1.5[Sat 6.43.8 5.3.5.8 ]5 'rue>. 6.32.9 5.55.6i 15 'fues 6.12.11 6.05.7 16;SUN (;.43.7 ~.?6.~ 1~ Wed 6:32.4 ~.55.9116Iwed 6.11.2i~.06.0 l7,.. Mon 6.-13.6/0.37.'_j 11 Thurs 6,31.90.,56.3 17 Thurs 6.10,416.06.4 IS:'l'ues 6,43.55.38.0 IS Fri.. 6.31.45.56.7! 18 Fri (;.09,416.06.9 19; Wed 6,43,415.38. 71 19,5at 6.31.05..57.0: 19 15at 6.08,4j6.07.3 1 20 'fhurs 6,43.3.5.39.51 ZO./SUN 6.30.35.57.4; 20lSUN 6.07.4,6.07.8 21,Frif 6.4.3.1 5.40.2 21 MOil 6.29.55.57.8121:Moll }.06.3i6.OS.3 22 Sat 6,42.95.40.9 22(rues 6.28.85.58.3. 221Tues 6.05.3 6.08.7 23,. SUN 6,42. 715.41.61 23iWed 6.2s.115.58. 71 23!Wed !6.01.2,6.09.21 24!l\Ioll 6.42.55.42.2 24 'l'hurs 6.27.4 5.59.2: 24/Fri. 16.02.4F09.8 I 26iWed 6.42.15.43.6 , 26 Sat 6.26.0 6.00.0 26 s.at 6.01.6j6.09.8 1 j i 27\Thurs 6.41.S 5.44.2 27 SUN 6.2.5.3 16.00.4, 27ISUN 6.00.9 6.09.9 1 28 Fri... 6.41.65.44.8 28 Man 6.24.(;16.00. 71 28IMon 6.00.26.09.91 29 Sat 6.41.4 .5.45.4 29'rTues .5.59..5,6.10.0 30 SUN 6.41.1 1.5.45.91 30 Wed .5..58.S 6.10.0 1 j 31 1:Man 6.40.8.5.46.5: 31 Thurs .5..58.16.10.1

Principal Articles in Annuals of 1875-6, found in no other.

1875-List of Hawaiian Ferns. Deeadenceof Hawaiian Forests. The Tides. Not€s on History of the Industry of the Hawaiian Islands, with Tables. 1876-Chronological Table of Hawaiian Events. History of the Ha­ waiian Post Office, ,vith Postal Treaties. Sketeh of the Press of Honolulu. History of Coffee Culture in the Hawaian Islands, with Tables. •

6

OVERLAND DISTANCES, HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. REVISED FOR THIS ISSUE.

ISLAND OF .

F.wn Honolulu Post OjJke, to: MILES MILES Grove...... •... 3 Waimanalo 12 Diamond Head...•.•... , .. 4%; Kaneohe Plantation...... 9X' Koko Head 11 Kaalaea Plantation...... ••.. 15 Ewa Church 11 Kualoa Ranch 19X' Waialua Church...... •• ..•. .. 28.~ Punaluu Rice Plantation 26 Waianae Church, Pokai...... 30 Laie Settlement 32 Nuuanu Pali...... • ...... 6 Kahuku 38

ISLAND OF KADAI. • From Lihue to: MILES From Koloa to: JULES Waialua Falls...... 5 Hal}apepe.... 7 Koloa...... 10 WaImea...... 15 Kealia...... 14 Kilauea 22 From Lihue to: ·Hanalei...... ••. 30 Mana Point...... •• 10

ISLAND OF MAUl.

From Lahaina to: MILES From Kalepolepo to: MILES Kaanapali . 4 Makee's 10 W'ailukn , .. 20 Makawao 13X' From J{ahului to: From Haiku Landing to: 3 Makawao ; ; 7 'Vailulrn P.O . ?tlakawao . 11 From Makawao, Sayre'. Store, to; Hana through Hamakua...... • 45 Summit of Haleakala•...... ;. 13 From Wailuku to: From ]1[akena to 10 Makee's Plantation...... 3 Kalepolepo .. Makee's Plantation.....•.....•.• 20 From Ulupalakua to: Makawao . 14 Hana, via Kaupo :. 45

ISLAND OF .

From lIilo to: MILES From Laupahoehoe to: MILES Kaupakuea Plantation 10 Hilo...... 30 Volcano...... 3OX' From Waimea to .. Summit Crater, via Kilauea 65 Summit of Maunakea, via Kalai- Waiohinu 65 eha...... 40 From Kawaihae to .. Hilo, via Hamakua.. .•...•...... 62 'Vaimea : 11 Hilo, via Kalaieha...... • 54' . Kailua 30 From Kealakekua to: Plantation...... ••. 17 Kailua 13 From Kohala Plantation to: Waiohinu...... • .. 48 Waimea 23 Summit of Hualalai...... •..•• 25 From Waimea to: From Waiohinu to: Waipio Valley 10 Keaiwa...... 24, Laupahoehoe.~ 30 SummitCrater, via Kapapala.:.. 61 . 7 SECOND QUARTER, 1881.

APRIL. lUY. JUNE. D. H.M. D. H.M. D. lI.M. 6-Fir.t Q,uarter. 5.22 7 A.lII. 6-Fir.t Quarter. 0.12.4 A.lII. 4-First Quarter. 4.47,7 P.M. 13-Full ~foou ••.• 1,18.5 P.M. 13-Full Moou••••ll.52.3 A.llI. ll-·J<'ull Moo11 .... 8.25.2 P.llI. 2O-Last Quartcr..ll.OO.9 P.llI. 2O-LastQuarter.. 4.35.9 A'M. IS-Last Quarter••l0.47.3 A.M. 27-New 1>10011 ....ll.53.1 P.lII. 27-New 1>10011 .... 1.04.2 P.M. 26-New Moon.... 3.32.0 A.M. ~ ~ ~z~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~: ~z :;io· ~ ~ io= 00f;l ~ =io z z r.. ~ ~ r.. ~ ~ ~ ~~ 0 1ll oo~ 0 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ .:::~~;-;--=_,---~H-,::'lII==.'-=CH::-,'7M~. Cl Cl H. lII. H. M. ~ ~ H. M. H. M. 1 Fri. 't5.57.7 6.10.6 IISUN 15.33.76.20.3 1 Wed 5.21.9'6.33.4 2 Sat.. 5.56.66.11.1 2 Mon 5.33.1 6.20.6 2 Thurs 5.21.86.33.8 3 SUN 15.55.5 6.11.6 3 Tues 5.32'6 6.20.91 3 Fri.. 5.21.8 6.34.2 4]\1on 5.54.4 6.12.0 4 Wed 5.32.0 6.21.2i 4 Sat 5.21.86.34.51 5 'rues 5.53.36.12.4 5 Thurs 5.31.56.21.51 5 SUN 5.21.96.34.8 6 Wed 5.52.26.12.8 6 Fri.. 5.30.9 6.22.0 6 Mon 5.21.96.35.1 7 Thurs 15.51.16.13.1 7 Sat 5.30.36.22.51 7 Tues ; 5.21.96.35.4 8 Fri.. :5.50.3 6.13.4 8ISUN 5.29.76.23.1 8 Wed 5.22.06.35.7 9 Sat 15.49.5 6.13.7 9 Mon 5.29.1 6.23.6i 9 'rhurs 5.22.06.36.0 10 RUN ;5.48.6 6..14.0 1O.Tue.s ~.2~.5 6.24.2 10 Fri... 5.22.1 6.36.3 11 Mon i5.47.8 6.14.3 l1·Wed 0.2/.96.24.71111 SaL 5.22.16.36.6 12 'rues 15.46.916.14.61 12I'1'hurs 5.27.26.25.3112 SUN 5.22.26.37.0 13 Wed 5.46.16.14.9 13IFri.. 5.26.76.25.6 13 Mon 5.22.36.37.41 14 Thurs 5.45.216.15.2 14 Sat.. 5.26.316.26.0114 'rues 5.22.4 6.37.8 15 Fri.. ;5.44.4j6.15.5 15 SUN 5.25.9 6.26.4 15 Wed 5.22.5 6.38.2 1 16 Sat 5.43.6 6.15.8 16I,Mon 5.25.5 .. 6.26.9 16 Thurs 5.22.66.38.6 17 SUN '5.42.8 6.16.2 17ITues 5.25.16.27.3 17 Fri. 5.22.76.38.8 18 Mon :.'5.42.016.16.5 18 Wed 5.24.716.27.81 18 Sat 5.22.9 6.39.0 19 Tues '5.41.216.16.8i 19IThurS 5.24.3 6.28.3 19 SUN 5.23.116.39.2 20 Wed :5.~0.416.1!.2120Fri.. 5.24.0i6.2K61 20 Mon 5.23.36.39.4 21 Thurs 5.09.6 6.11.6i 21 Sat 5.23.8 6.29.0 21 Tues 5.23.56.39.6 22. Fri.. 5.39.016.17.9 22ISUN 5.23.6,6.29.31 22 Wed 5.23.76.39.8 23 Sat 5.38.4 6.18.1 23 Mon 5.23.4 6.29.7 23 Thurs 5.23.9 6.39.1! 24 SUN ,5.37.8 6.18.4 24 1Tues 5.23.2 6.30.0 24 Fri.. 5.24.1 6.40.1 25 Mon ,5.37.2/6.18.6 t 25 Wed 5.23.06.30.4 25 Sat 5.24.36.40.3 26I'ruesI !5.36.6 6.18.9126 Thurs 5.22.86.30.8 26 SUN: 5.24.56.40.5 27 Wed 5.36..0 6.19.1 27 Fri.. 5.22.66.31.2,27 Mon 5.24.76.40.7 28 Thurs 5.35.4 6.19.4 1 28ISat 5.22.4 6.31.6', 28 Tues 5.24.96.40.!! 29.Fri...I 5.34.8j6.19.7129ISUN1 1 5.22.2 6.32.1! 29 Wed 5.25.16.41.1 30 Sat 15.34.2,6.20.0 30IMon 5.22.1 6.32.6130 Thurs 5.25.4 6.41.4 I 1 31ITues 5.22.0 6.33.0

Principal Articles in Annuals of 1877-8, found in no other.

1877-Full text of Treaty of Reciprocity with United States. Reminis·· cences of the Press. Trip to the Sandwich Islands. List- of Ha·· waHan Mosses. Notes on History of Rice Culture in the Haw'n' . Islands. Act relating to Stamp Duties. 1878-'l'he Board of Education, its duties, &c. Hamakua-Haiku Ditch.. History and description of Hawaiian Stamps. Retrospect, 1876-7,. 8

INTER-ISLAND DISTANCES BY SEA, IN SEA MILES. :REVISED FOR THIS ISS{TE.

AUOUND OAHU.

From HOIl07nIH, ESjJ[anade lVhmf, fo :

MILES MILE~ Bell Buoy...... 1M Kahuku...... 51 Diamond Head.. .. . 5 Pearl River Bar...... 6 Koko Head 12 Barber's Point :..... 14 Makapuu Point 17 Kaena Point, NW of Oahu...... 34 Mokapu 29 Kahuku, N pt of Oahu, via Kaena. 54 Honolllin to:

MILES MILE~ Lae 0 kaLua, SW pointofMolokai. 35 Kawaihae...... 144 West pointof ...... 50 Kealakekua direct...... 157 Kalaupapa Leper Settlement...... 50 KealakekUl\ via Kawaihae...... 186 Lahaina...... 72 SW point Hawaii via Kawaihae... 2&1 Kahului...... 90 Punaluu...... 2.<;0 I. Hana 125 Hilo direct 192 Maalaea 85 Hilo windward route.. 207 Makena ...... 90 Hilo via Kawaihae...... 230 Jlfahukona ' , .. ...•...... •...... 134 Honoln7u to: . MILES I MILES Koloa, . -.... 102 'Vaimea.... 120 Nawiliwili. ·•...... • 98 Hanalei...... 120 144 Laha;lIa to: MILES I MILES Kalu~aha.... 17 Maalaea...... 12 LanaI. 9 Makena...... 18 Kawaihae fo: . MILES MILEg MaJ;!.uJrona...... 10 IHilo...... 85 WaIpIo.... 40 Lae 0 k'l. Mano...... 20 Honokaa...... 50 Kailua 34 Laupahoehoe...... 65 Kealakekua...... 44 Hilo fo:

l\lILES I IULEB East point of Hawaii...... 20 Punaluu...... 70 Keauhou, Kau.... 50 Kaalualu...... 80 North point of Hawaii... 70 South point of Hawaii :. 85 WmTH OF CHANNELS, EXTREME POINT TO POINT. 1\lILES MILES Oahu and ...... 231 and .... G Diamond Head to SW pt Molokai. 30 Hawaii and Maui.... 25 Molokai and Lanai...... 7 Kauai and Oahu " 61 Molokai and Maui...... 9 Niihau and Kaui...... 15 Maui and Lanai...... 9 OCEAN DISTANCES-HONOLULU TO:

. MILES MILES San Francisco 2100 IAuckland 3810 Portland 2460 Sydney 4484 Panama...... 4620 Hongkong...... 4898 Tahiti. 2380 yokohama - 3440 9 THIRD QUARTER, 1881.

JULY. AUGUST. SEPTEMBER. D. H.M. D. H.M. D. 11.1\[. 4-Fi..t Quarter. 6.44.6 ...),. 2-First Quarter.• 0.11.0 P.M. 1-First Quarter. 3.30.8 A.'( ll-Full Moon...•. 3.42.0 A.M. 9-Full :Moou .•.••10.:J5.4 A.M. 7-Full :Moon •••• 6.08.0 P.>!. 17-Last Quarter. 7.02.3 P.>!. 16-Last Quarter.• 6.26.2 A.>!. 14-Last Quarter•• 9.30.1 P." 25-New Moon.... 6.48.5 P.M. 24-New Moon .•••10.13.7 A.>r. Zl-New Moon..•• 1.23.1 ...>1 W-Firs! Quarter•.11.17.0 A.lI•

. IIFri... 5.25.76,41.4 1 Mon 5.37.6i6.34.3 1 'rhurs 5.47.816.11.8 2 Sat 5.26.1 6.41.5 2 Tues 5.38.96.33.8 2 Fri 5.48.0 6.10.9 3 SUN 5.26.4 6.41.5 3 Wed 5.38.4 6.33.3 3 Sat 5.48.36.10.0 4 Mon 5.26.7 6.41.6 4 Thurs 5.38.86.32.8 4 SUN 5.48.5 6.0D.l 5 Tues 5.27.06.41.6 5 Fri.. 5.3D.16.32.2 5 Mon 5.48.86.08.2 6 Wed 5.27.4 6.41. 7 6 Sat 5.3D.4 6.31. 7 6 Tues 5.49.06.07.3 7 Thurs 5.27.7 6.41.7 7 SUN 5.39.7 6.31.1 7 Wed 5.49.36.06.4 8 Fri. 5.28.] 16.41.6 8 Mon S.40.0 6.30.6 8 Thurs 5.49.4 6.05.5 9iSat 5.28.5.6.41.1>1 9 .Tues 5.40.36.30.0 HFri 5.49.56.04.7 l0iSUN S.28.9.6.41.4 10 Wed 5.40..6 6.29.5 10 Sat.. 5.49.6/6;03.9 lI,Mon 5.29.416.41.2, ]] Thurs 5.40.96.28.9 11 SUN 5.49.76.03.2. 12~Tues 5.29.816.41.0i1 12 Fri 5.41.26.28.2 ]2l\1on 5.49.8,6.02.5 13iWed 5.30.2i6.41.8i 13 Sat 5.41.66.27.4 ]3 'rues 5.49.9i6.01.8 14i'rhurs 5.30.616.40.6 14 SUN 5.42.06.26.7 14 Wed 5.50.0 6.01.0> 15 Fri.. 5.30.9 6.40.4 ]5 Mon 5.42.4 6.25.9 15 Th.urs 5.50.1 16.00.1 j 1 , 16 Sat 5.31.3,6.40.2,1 16 Tues 5.42.86.25.2 16 Fn 5.50.4 5.5!}.(f ]7 SUN 5.31.6 6.40.0/17 Wed 5.43.26.24.4 17 Sat 5.50.85.58.0·1 18[Mon1 5.32.01,6.&9.8 18 Thurs 5.43.66.23.6 ]8 SUN 5.51.15.56.9 19,Tues 5.32.3:6.39.6 ]9/Fri 5.43.86.23.0 19 Mon 5.51.5 5.55.8 20 'Wed 5.32.716.39.4120 Sat 5.44.06.22.3 20,'l'Ues 5.51.85.54.7 21 Thurs 5.33.16.39.1 2] SUN 15.44.216.21.6 21 Wed 5.52.2 5.53.6 I 1 22 IFri 5.33.6i6.38.7122 Mon 5.44.4 6.21.0 22 Thurs 5.52.6,5.52.6 23 Sat 5.34.0 6.38.3 23 Tues 5.44-.5 '6.20.3 23 Fri.. 5.52.9 5.51.7. 24 SUN 5.34.56.37.9 24 Wed 5.44.7 6.19.6 24 Sat 5.53.15.50.8 25Mon 5.34.9,16.37.5 25 Th.urs ~.4~.9 6.18.9 25 SUN 5.53.415.49.9 26 Tues 5.35.316.37,1 26 Fn a.4a.3 6.]7.9 26 Mon 5.53.~5..48.9 27 Wed 5.35.8 6.36.7 27 Sat 5.45.76.16.8 27 Tues 5.53.9 5.48.1) T~urs 5.36.216.3~.21 5.54.15.47.~. 28 28ISUN 5.46.216.15.8 28 Wed 1 29IFn 5.36.5 6.3a.8 291Mon 5.46.6,6.14.8 29IThurs 5.54.2,5.46.~ 30 Sat 5.36.9,6.35.3 30lTues 5.47.0,6.13.8 30 Fri 5.54.3'5.45.6 31 SUN 5.37.2.6.34.8 31 Wed 5.47.4,6.12.8 I

Principal Articles in Annual of 1879, found in no other.

1879-The Hawaiian Islands as a Sugar Producing Country. Varieties of Sweet Potato. Anecdote of . List of" of the Hawaiian Islands. Hawaiian tradition of the Origin of Fire. Meteorogical Table, 1873 to 1877. Commemoration of Centennial of Discovery. Longitude of Honolulu. Retrospect far18i.8,. and Marine Casualties for 1878. 2 10

Census of the Hawaiian Islands, taken December 27, 1878.

BY DISTRICTS AND ISLANDS.

HAWAII. MOLORAI ·2.581 IIllo 4,231 LANAI 2U Pllna l,043 NlIHAU 177 Kan 2.210 OAHU. Kona, North 1,967 IIunolulu 14,114 Kona, South 1,761 Ewa and Waianae 1.6\~J Kohala, North 3.299 Waialua.... 6:39 Kohala, Sonth 718 Koolauloa 1.082 Hamakua 1.805 Koolaupoko 2.40'.l --17.0M --20,235 NAUI. KAUAI.. Lahaina 2.448 Waimea 1,197 WaIluku 4,186 Koloa 1.OC8 lIana 2.067 Puna l.8;j2 Makawao 3.4OB Koolau aud IIanalei. 1.597 • --12.109 --- 5,634 BY NATIONALITY. Nallves 44,088 Britons...... 88't Half-castes 3.420 Portngnese...... 43fj.

Cllinese 0 0 5,H16 (jermans _..... 272 Americans 1.276 French...... 81 HawaiIan-born of forei/(n parents..... 947 Other foreigners...... ••• 666 Total Popnlation, 18:8 57,980.

Population of the Principal Townships of the Hawaiian Islands, Compiled from the Latest Census, 1878.

Honolulu, Wailuku, Lahaina. Hila. Waimea. NATIONALITIES. Oahu. Maui. Maui. Hawaii. Kavai -_._------_.---_._------.---- Natives . 9,272 3,a07 1,967 2,951 1090 Half-castes••.•...•...••••.•.•••.••.•••.•• l.all 311 158 2'~a '2{) Foreigners .. 3.531 568 3~3 1,057 87

___.=T.=o",ta",l",s",..",._._.._'",..",.",.",..:..:•.=.:..:...=•.=..:..:'.=':":":..:''''':..:''-',----=1:..:4""1",1.=4---=,----=4,,,.1::...86-,----,- 2.:.:,4"'48-'--'-.=4,::.:2..='U=-=----=l"'.1::.:9.=7_ NATIONALITY AND SIlX OF ABOVE TABLE.I

Native nlales ·...... 4,771 17~ 1085 HOB 5B;! ~~ females " ". 4,501 1:573 '882 1;343 W7 nalf-easte males...... 604 161 71 129 8 l~O .~ females"" ...""""" •.... o •• " .... " 707 87 94 12 Chinesc males...... 1.199 322 210 791 vi " females...... 100 7 22 ·2 naw.·born of foreign parents, males..... 260 21 E 2ti 4 ,. H "females.." 295 19 4 28 6 American~, males...•...... 0.. 4')') 80 30 79 2 H fenlales." "" ." """ .. """ ". 175 19 14 21 1 British. males... 31a 25 11 21 4 .. femalcs...... 165 6 1 3 4 German, males ,...... 101 2 6 18 1 H females"".""."" ""."" 38 1 1 French, males...... 2:3 5 2 7 .. females...... 16 2

Portuguese, males o 00 " ••• ow •••• 202 25 18 4 .• females." .. """ .. ";, "" .. ,,... 54 2 Other forcl!;::ners. males...... 137. 32 19 34 2 " " females ,...... 31 2 ...... Totals,1878 : W14/"4:l86 - 2.413 ~231-W97 Totals by the Census of 1872...... 14.852 4,060 3.002 4,ZW 1,2U9 11 FOURTH QUARTER, 1881.

OCTOBER. NOVEllIBER. DECEllIBER. D. H.M. O. H.M. D. H.l!. 7-Full Moon ..,. 3.27.0 A.M. 5-FuIDIoon.••• 3.31.6 P.M. 5-·Full 1>Ioon .••• 6.42.3.A.M. 14-La8t Quarttr•• 3.54.5 P.>l. 13-Last Quarter.. 0.29.6 P.M. l3-Last Quarter.• 9.33.3 A.M. 2"2-New]\{oon .... 3.59.6 P.M. 21-New Moon...• 5.49.6 A.>l. 2O-New Moon.... 6.35.6 P.M. 29-Fir8t Quartel. 6.15.9 P.M. 28-First Quarter. 2.30.1 A.M. 27-First Quarter.10.1U.2 A.M.

:= ~ 00 00 ~ ~ '15 u.i ~ .~ a5 ~ t;.l ~ ~E:: ~ ~ ~~;.l ~ ~ ~ ~ ia ..~Z ~ ~ -1.<0 ro'I ~ ~ i ~ z z~ ~ z ~~ = Z ~ 8 ~ ~ ~~ 0 ~ lll~ 0 ~ lD

~ ~ H. M. H. M. ~ ~ R. 111. H. ll. ~ ~ H. M. H. M. 1 Sat 5.54.41.5.45.0 1 'rues 6.06.55.20.51 1 'rhurs 6.25.15.13.6 2 SUN .. ,.. '5.54.5 .5.44.4 2 Wed 6.07.15.20.0, 2 Fri.. 6.25.S 5.13.S 3 !lIon '5.54... 61.5.43.8 3 Thurs 6.07.75.19.7 3 Sat 6.26.55.13.9 4 Tues '5.5·t7 5.43.2 4 Fri.. 6.08.35.19.3 4 SUN 6.27.25.14.1 5 Wed '5.54.S 5.42.6 5 Sat 6.0S.8 5.1S.8 5 Man 6.27.85.14.2 6 Thurs '5.54.9 5.42.1 6 SUN 6.09.4 5.1S.3 6 Tues 6.28.5j5.14.4 7 F,ri.. ,5.5~.01·?.41.11 7l\f,'rlleS 6.03.l;5.23.4i 2.~:Fri.. 6.20.8'15.14'°125 SUN 6.38.55.22.5 26 Wed ,6.03.5,.5.24.71 26:Sat 6.21.5 5.13.9 26 Mon 6.3!l.015.23.0 27i'l'hurs !6.04.0 .~.24.01 27 SUN 6.22.3 5.13.9 27 Tues 6.3!l.55.!3.5 28;Fri... '6.01.5:5.23.3 28,l\'[on1 6.23.1.5.]3.S 28 Wed 6. 3!l. !l 5.23.9 1 1 29,SaL 6.05.0.5.22.61. 2!lITucs..: 6.23'SI.5.]3.8 2!l Thurs 6.40.4 5.24.4 30 SUN i6.03.5;5.21.!l130IWed 6.24.5 5.13.7 30 Fri.. 6.40.95.24.9 31iMon 6.06.05.21.2 131 Sat 6.41.4,5.25.4

Principal Articles in Annual of 1880, found in no other.

IS80-The Hawaiian Flag-. Honoluiu I,ibrary and Reading Room. Varieties of Taro. Hawaiian Tariffand Digest of the Laws and Regulations of the Customs, &c. 'rhe Commemorative :Monu­ ment. Hawaiian tradition of Pele and the Deluge. The Hono­ lulu Fire Departm.ent. Retrospect for ]87!l. Marine Casualties for ]87!l. Comparative Table of Rain-fall, Honolulu, 1874 to 1879 inelusive. . 12

Table of Elevations of Principal Localities throughout the Islands, from. the Records of the Governm.ent Survey. Measurem.ents are from. Main Sea LeveL (CORRECTED FOR THIS ISSUE.)

OAHU. FEET. FEET. Kaala 4,060 Round To~ (Ualakaa) 1,052 Palikea, Waianae Mountains...• 3,110 Diamond Head, or Leahi...... • 761 Puu Kaua, Waianae Mountains.. 3,105 'relegragh Station (Kaimuki)... 292 Konahuanui Peak, Pali. 3,105.5 Punchbowl Hill...... 4!18.5 Lanihuli Peak, Pali. 2,775 Salt Lake Station...... 485 '.rantalus, or Puu Ohia...... • 2,013.5 Second Bridge, Nuuanuroad.... 77 Olomana Peak, in Kailua 1,643 Light House, top of vane...... 37 Koko Head, upper crater...... • 1,205 *Salt Lake, mean level. ."...... 0.0 Koko Head, lower crater...... • 644 Avemge of High Peaks on Kona- Nuuanu Pali station ...•...... 1,207 huanui Range, about 2,800 Mokapu, crater off Kaneohe.... 696 Little Bridge front of Queen Station on ditto...... 680 's, Nuuanu road..... 847 Makapuu, East pt. of Island.... 665 Punahou (verandah floors old Stationon dIttO...... 642 building) .. 79.6 Ulamao, hill in Kailua...... 991 Nuuanu Distributing Reservoir, Maelieli, ditto, in Heeia...... • 713 level of ,water . 99 Puu Ohulehuli, in Hakipuu..•.• 2,262 MAUl.

FEET, FEET. Haleakala 10.032 Haleakala School...... 2,150 West Maui, about...... 5,820 Puu Nianiau, Makawao 1),850 Piiholo, Makawao 2,256 Puu ~i, H~makua 1,~5O Puu 10, near Captain Makee's 2,&11 Puu 0 UmI, HaIku...... 629 Captain Makee's, about 1,900 Puu Pane, Kula...... 2,[>68 Puu Olai (Miller's Hill)..... 355 Lahainaluna Seminary...... 600 Makawao Female Seminary 1,900 Kauiki, Hamakua .. .. 392 H. P. Baldwin's, Makawao...... 930 Grove Ranch, Makawao.... 981

HAWAII. FEET. FEET. 13,805 Waipio Pali, W. side at sea ; .. 1,200 Mauna Loa, about. 13,600 Waipio among the Mountains 3,000 Hualalai. 8,275 Waimanu among the Mountains.. 4,000 Kohala Mountain 5,505 'Vaimanu at sea 1,600 KUauea, Volcano House " 4,«0 Average road through Hamakua.. 1,000 Kulani Hill, near Kilauea...... • 5,650 Honokaa Store 1,100 Falls of Hiilawe, Waipio 1,700 Maulua Road...... 406 Waimea Court House " 2,669.6 Lower edge forest Hamakua 1,700 Sea Coast Bluffs between Waipio Lower edge forest Hilo 1,200 and Waimanu, N. coast..... 1,600 Hilo Bluffs oncoast 100 to 400 Kalaieha, about...... •. 6,450 Halui Hill, Hilo...... 345 Waipio Pali, E. side at sea...... 900 Austin's, Onomea ". .. 411 Aahuwela, near Laumaia 7,750 Laupahoehoe Pali. 385

FEET. FEET• .'K.A.UAI, Waia~eale 5,~ I!:ANAI, about :- 3,4.00 MOLOKAI, estimated...... • 3,500 Kahoolawe, Tngonometncal Sta- MOLOKINI 165 tion of Moaula 1,428 *In the salt·making season it is from 1 to 2 feet below sea level; in the rainy season it sometime~ rises to 4 feet above sea level. 13

RULERS OF THE PRINCIPAL NATIONS OF THE WORLD IN 1880.

DATE OF GOVERNMENTS. RULERS. TITLE. BORN. ACCESSION.

Argentine Republic••••.•• Nicolas Avellaneda President .. 1838 Oct 12 ...... 1874 Austria-Hungary Franz Joseph I. Emperor .. 18;;0 Dec 2...... 1848 Bekian Leopold II King .. 1835 Dec 10...... 1865 Hilario Daza PresIdent . May 4...... 18,6 Pedro II Alcatara Emperor . 1825 April 7...... 1s:n Chili Anibal PiutO IPresident . Scpt 18...... 18,6 China ; K"'ong Shu Emperor .. 1871 Jan 12...... 1875 C.O!Ombia Gen.eral 'I'rujiIlo President . April 1...... 1878 Co~ta Rica 'l'omas Guardia President .. Provisional Dcnmark Christian IX King .. 1818 Nov 15...... 1863 ;.. Jose de Yintimilla President . Sept 8...... 1876 France Fran~oi8 P Jules GrevylPresident .. 1813 Jan 30...... 187!l Germauy Wilhelm I...... Emperor . 1797 Jan 18...... 1871 Alsace·Lorraine Eduard von !Loller Oberprasident. 1814 NOv ...... 1871 Anhalt Friederich Duke .. 18:11 May 22 ...... 1871 Baden Friederich I. Grand Duke . 1820 April 24 .....1852 Bavaria L.ud\vig II }{ing 0 .. 1845 March 10....1864 Brenlen - Bugomasters .. Brunswick Wilhelm I. Duke .. 1806 April 20 .....1831 Hamburg : Burgomasters. Hesse LudWIg" IV Grand Duke . 1834 J une 13...... 1877 Lippe G. F. Waldemar Prince . 1824 Dec 8...... 1875 Lu beck Burgolllasters .. Mecklenburg-Schwerin Friederich Franz.II••• Grand Duke••• 1823 l\larch 7.....1812 Mecklenburg-Strelitz •. Friederich Wilhclm Grand Duke•.. 1819 Sept 6...... 1860 Oldenbnrg Peter Grand Duke . 1827 Feb 27...... 18;;:~ Kin~ Prussia \Vil}lclIn 1 0 . 1797 Jan 2...... 1861 Reues-Greiz Heinrich XXII Prince . 1846 Nov 8...... 18;;9 Reu"s-Schleiz Heinrich XlV IPrince . 1882 July 10...... 1867 Saxe-Altenburg Ernst Duke . 18;;6 Aug 3 ...... 1858 :Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Ernst 11. Duke . 1818 Jan 2iJ ...... 18H Saxe-Meiningen Gf'org I!. Duke . 1826 Sept 20...... 1866 Saxe-Weimar Karl .Alexander Grand Duke . 1818 July 8...... 18;;.3 Saxouy Albert King .. 18:.l8 Oct 29 ...... 1873 Schammbnrg-Lippe , /AdOlf Prince . 1817 Xov 21...... 18f,O Schwarzburg-Hudolph. Georg •...... Prine,c . 183S Nov 26 ...... 1869 Schwarzburg-Sonders.. Gunther II Prince .. 1801 Aug- 1!~ ...... 18:15 Waldeck Georg Victor Prince .. lSU May 14 ...... 1845 'Vurtemburg ~' Karl I King ., . 1823 J uue 25 ...... 1864 Great Britain and Ireland. Victoria

POST OFFICE STATISTICS.

Inter-Island letters passing the General Post Office, Honolulu, from 1864 to 1880.

FOREIGNERS. I HAWAIIANS. YEAR. Letters Letters Letters I Lette.. . .. Received Forwa~dl.d Received For~~ From April 1, 1864, to April 1, 1865I 15,594 13,652 7,650 9,570 From· April 1, 1865, to April ], 1866 2],642 14,886 ]4,379. 16,Gi8 From April 1, 1866, to April 1, ]867 23,282 16,607 20,082 22,821 From April ], 1867, to April ], 1868 25,873 19,013 23,733 25,535 From April 1, 1868, to April 1, 1869 27,543 19,547 25,920 25,986 From April 1, 1869, to April 1, ]870 27,433 19,806 25,233 24,499 :From April 1, 1870, to April 1, 18il 29,147 19,118 28,596 28,091 From April ], 18il, to April 1, 1872 24,6.55 23,333 26,364 3.5, il5 From April ]; ]872, to April 1, 18iS 27, il7 24,199 41,662 4],340 From April ], 1873, to April 1, 1874 38,313 25,007 45,816 44,233 From April 1, 1874, to April 1, 1875 35,545 23.488 39,232 39,027 From April 1, 1875, to April ], 1876 38,166 23,564 35,630 44,233 From April 1, 1876, to April 1, 18ii 36,349 29,558 32,250 49,9ii From April 1, ]8ii, to April ], 1878 42,409 37,094 33,472 52,181 From April ], 1878, to April ], 1879 57,907 47,957 43,605 67,153 From April 1, 1879, to April 1, 1880 72,9.53 63,936 46,496 69,489

The number of letters received from, and sent to Foreign Ports, from April 1st, 1870, to April 1st, 1880, have been us follows:

Year. Letters Received. Letters Forwarded. 1870-187] 25, 8]] ,' ..,' ..24, DD! ]871-1872 26,772 23,713 1872-1873 2~,020 25,895 1873-1874.. 26,679 ~ 2;5,481 181'1-1875 , 26,112 28,737 1875-]876 31. 742 31,650 ]876-4877 33,244 35,780 1877-1878 42,4&> 44,505 ]878-1879; .45,682 .43,372 1879-1880 : ; 50,352.. . 57,209

COMPARATIVE TABLE OF POPULATION OF HAWAIIAN IS.

ISLANDS. EQ,T. CENSUS CENSUS CENSUS C~NSU8 CENSUS cENsus1cEXSUS' ------·1----1823 ------1832 1836 185:3 --'-1860 --18(;ij ----1872 1878 Ha\\·aii . :I\laui . Oahu . KauaL . J\Iolokai. . Lanai . Niihau .. Kahoolawe .. Totals..... 142,050 130,312 108,579 ~,la8 W,800 -;,959 M,897 -;,985 • ..

COMPARATIVE TABLE OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF EXPORT, 1860-1879. YEAR Lns. GALLS. LnB. LnB. I Lns. Pes Lns. GOAT LBS. LBB. I LBS. TONS 'TOTAl, VALUE ALL :SUGAB. MOLASSES. RICE. PADDY. COFFEE. HIDES. TALLOW. SKINS. WOOL. PCLU. FUNGUS. SALT. DO'I. EXPORTB. 1860 1;144,271 108,613 =.~= -48,966 19,964 84,957 37,298 ----.ro;524 649,204 178,794884 $349,926 54 1861 2,562,498 128,259 == 45,366 7,463 233.100 21,945 119,927 530,835 278,330 762 404.]72 74 1862 3,005,003 130,445 111,008 812,176 ]46,463 ]5,461 242,94253,076 40,368 738,064 301,4]7 598 532,941 87 ]863 5,292,121 114,413 123,451 598,29] 133,17] 16,366 2B2,640 43,646 233.]63 425,081 279,158 656 678,213 5'1 1864 10,414,441 340,436 319.83.5 105,320 50,083 12,049 ]89,700 32,333 196,667 643,437 368,835 729 970,228 81 ]86515,318,097 542,819 154,257 , 310,799 3,849 186,49054,988 144,085 221,206 223,979 120 1,430,211 82 ]86617,729,]61 851,795 435,367...... 93,682 8,331 159,73176,115 73,131 212,026 ]20,342 739 ],396,621 61 ]86717,127,]87 5'14,99·4 441,750 572,099 127,5'1611,207 60,93651,889 409,471 203,958 167,666 lO7 ],205,62202 ]86818,312,926 492,839 40,450 862,954 78,373 11,144 109,50457,670 258,914 342,882 76.78] 540 1,340,469 26 186918,302,110 338,311 48,8301,586,959 340,841 ]2,803 85,93762,736 2]8,752 622,998 85,215 1,152 1,639,091 59 187018,783,639 216,662 152,068 535,453 415,111 13,095 90,388 67,463 234.696 233,803 41,968 2,5]3 :,403,025 06 187121,760,773 271,291 417,011 867,452 46,92619,384 185,24058,900 471,706 292,720 37,475 711 1,656,64446 1872 ]6,995,402 192,105 455,121 894,582 39,27627,066 493,978153,598 288,526 42],227 32,161 522 1,34.5,585 38 187323,129,101 146,459 941,438 507,945 262,02520,677 609,855166'702 329,507 412,823 57,538 445 1,661,407 78 187424,566,611 90,060 ],187,986 439,157 75,49622,620 125,596 71,955 399,926 4]8,320 50,955 730l 1,555,355 37 187525,080,182 93,722 ].573,739 556,495 165,977 22,777 851,920 60,598 565,469 379,003 45,098 96 1,774,082 91 187626,072,429 139,073 2,259,324 ];542,603 153,667 11,105 ?27,291 45,265 405,5'12 314,432 35,893 5 1,994,833 55 187725,575,965 151,4622,691,3702,571,987 lOl,345 22.164 369,829 51,551385,703 150,586 11,629 322 2,363,866 66 187838,431,458 93,1362,767,7682,784,861 127,963 25,309, 239,941,64,5251 522,757 212,740 22,364 180l 3,333,979 49 187949,020,972 87,4754,792,813 38,815 74,275 24,885 24,9401 464,308 137,001 2,571 50 j 3,665,503 76 INTERNAL TAXES FOR BIENNIAL PERIODS, 1862-1880. . Real Est. Per. Prop. Polls. Horses. ~fules. Dogs. . Carria[Je.~. Nat. Seamen. Totals. 1862-$17,063 $12,990 $32,995 $52,742 $2,691 $1],018 $] ,294.. $2,441 $]33,236 1864- 17,877...... 12,669...... 32,561...... 52,326...... 3,080...... 10,038...... 1,384.. 1,872...... ]31,729 186G- 20,173 16,336 30,870 60,290 4,265 12,016 1,748 4,957 150,662 1868- 22,360 20,197 30,086 61,541: 4,823 12,954.. 2,125 10,212 165,400 1870- 23,532 22,888...... 28,850 60,027 5,109...... 15,430 2.400 8,268 166,506 1872- 52,355 45,329 27,841.. 53,006 6,140 22,271. 3,125 5,894.. 215,961 1874- 53,892 42,707 27,620 50,088 6,073 20,236 3,490 3,296 ; 207,403 1876- 58,64.5 47,fl88 27,372 49,1\J4 6,012 18,676 3,987 3.056 213,930 1878- 94-,584.. 9!.378 28,722 47,564.. 3,053 ]6,465 4,865 2,114 29],745 1880-143,716 155,944...... 35,484.. : 43,399...... 15,172...... 5,780...... 815...... 400,310 16

List ofFree Imports from the United States by Treaty.

Agricultural Implements. . Bacon, Beef, Books, Boots and Shoes, Bullion, Bran, Bricks, Bread and Breadstuffs of all kinds, Butter. Cement, Cheese, Coal, Cordage, Copper and Composition Sheathing, Nails and Bolts; Cotton and Manufactures of Cotton, bleached and unbleached, and whether or not colored, stained, painted or printed. Doors, Sashes and Blinds. Eggs; Engines and parts thereof. . Fish and Oysters, and all other creatures living in the water, and the products thereof; Fruits, Nuts and Vegetables, green, dried or un­ dried, preserved or unpreserved; Flour, Furs. Grain. Ham, Hardware, Harness, Hay; Hides, dressed or undressed; Hoop Iron. Ice, Iron and· Steel, and manufactures thereof; Nails, Spikes and Bolts, Rivets, Brads or Sprigs, Tacks. Lard, Leather, and all manufactures thereof; Lumber and Timber of all kinds, round, hewed, sawed, and manufactured in whole or in part; Lime. Machinery of all kinds, Meal and Bran, Meats, fresh, smoked or preserved. Nails, Naval Stores, including Tar, Pitch, Resin, Turpentine, raw and rectified. . Oats. Paper, and all manufactures of Paper or of Paper and Wood; Petro­ leum, and all Oils for lubricating or illuminating purposes; Plants, Shrubs, Trees and Seeds, Pork. Rice. Salt, Shooks, Skins and Pelts, dressed or undressed; Staves and Headings, Starch, Stationery, Soap, Sugar, refined or unrefined. Tallow, Textile Manufactures made of a combination of wool, cot­ ton, silk or linen,or of any two or more of them, other than when ready-made clothing; Tobacco, whether in leaf or manufactured. 'Vagons and Carts for the purposes of agriculture or of drayage, 'Vood and manufactures of Wood, or 'Vood and Metal, except Furni­ ture either upholstered or carved, and Carriages; \Vool and manufac­ tures of 'Vool, other thah ready-made clothing.

List of Articles Admitted into the United States Free of Duty from the Ha"Waiian Islands, "When Properly Certified to Before the U. S. ConsuL Arrow-root; bananas; castor-Oil; hides and skins, undressed; pulu; rice; seeds; plants, shrubs or trees; muscovado, brown, and all other unrefined sugar; commonly known as "Sandwieh Island sugar;" syrups of sugar cane, melado and molasses; tallow; vegetables, dried and undried, preserved and unpreserved. For the complete Tariffand Digest of the Laws and Regulations of the Customs, Pilot and Harbor Regulations, corrected to November, 1879. see Almanac imd Annual for 1880. ..

Comparative View of the Commerce of the Hawaiian Islands from 1844, giving the Totals for each Year.

Dome!:ltic Foreign Total (Jus· Transhipment of Oil and Bone. Shipping. SpirIts Haw. ltegis- y ear. Imports. Exports. Produce Produce tom House Vessel~ Galls. Galls. Lbs. Nat'IVess'!s Merch'tVessels Wh'lers Gallons te..ed Exported. Exported. Receipts. ------Spill. Oil. Wh.Oil. Wh.Bone. No. No, -_._-'rous. .No. Consum'd No. Tons. 1844 350,3·17 169,641 100,587 ------l $ , 60,054 , 14,263 ...... ~ ...... 14 42 - ---- 1845 515,94t 269,710 ...... , ... 165 ...... 15 775 • 202,700 67,010 25,189 ...... 14 41 ...... 163 1846 598,382 682,850 ...... 620,525 62,325 36,506 ...... 17 53 ...... 167 1847 710,138 261,226 209,018 55,208 48,801 28 1;578 ...... 4 67 ...... 167 "'3;iii .. 67 2,160 1848 605,618 300,370 266,819 33,551 55,568 ...... 7 90 1849 729,739 383,185 ...... 254 3,443 78 2,873 185,083 198,102 83,231 ...... JZ 180 274 5,718 1850 1,035,058 783,052 5&6.522 246,529 121,506 12 469 "90;:i04" 1851 1,823,821 691,231 237 8,251 80 "3;53'9 309,828 381,402 160,602 .. i04',362 ..··909:379 .• 9'oi',604' 7 446 87,920 220 1852 759.868 -638,393 11,270 75 4,46o 257,251 381,142 113,001 173,490 1,182,738 3,159,951 3 235 61,065 519 14,148 1853 1,401,975 472,096 281,599 191,397 155,650 69 4,432 175,396 3,787,348 2,020,264 7 211 59,451 535 18,203 56 3,829 1854 1,590,837 585,122 274,029 311,092 152.125 156,484 1,683,922 1,479,678 16 125 47,288 1855 1,383,169 572,601 525 17,537 54 6,271 274,741 • 297,859 158,411 109,308 1,436,810 872,954 13 154 51,304 468 18,528 1856 1,151,422 670,824 466,278 204,545 45 4,831 123,171 121,294 1,641,579 1,074,942 0 123 42,213 366 14,779 48 1857 1,130,165 645,526 423,303 222,222 140,777 4,718 176,306 2,018,027 1,295,525 10 82 26,817 387 16,144 54 5,795 1858 1,089,660 787,082 529,966 257,115 116,138 222,464 2,551,382 1,614,710 10 115 45,875 1859 1,555,558 931,329 626 14,637 53 5,249 628,575 302,754 132,129 156,:160 1,668.175 1,147,120 6 1~9 59,241 549 14,158 1860 1,22&,749 807,459 480,526 326,932 65 6.366 117,302 47,859 782,086 571,966 10 117 41,226 325 14,295 68 1861 761,109 659,774 476,872 182,901 100,115 6,935 20,435 795,988 527,910 7 93 45,952 190 9,676 53 8 1862 998,239 838,424 586,541 251.882 107,490 12,522 b,84 460,407 193,920 6 113 48,687 73 8,940 58 6,645 1863 1,175,493 1,025,852 744,413 281,439 122,752 66,687 675.344 337,043 6 1864 88 42,930 102 7,862 44 6,497 1,712,241 1,662,181 1,113,328 548,852 159,116 33,860 608,502 339,331 8 167 75,893 1 1865 1,946,265 130 10,237 56 7,89 1,808,257 1,521,211 287,045 192.566 42,841 578,593 337,394 7 151 67,068 1866 1,993,821 1,934,576 I 180 11,745 65 10,17o 1,505,821 428,755 215,047 118,961 1,250.!l65 611,178 3 150 60,628 229 12,833 1867 1,957,410 1,679,661 1,324,122 74 11,664 355,539 220,599 103,215 821,929 405,140 11 134 60,268 243 15,119 1868 1,935,790 1,898,215 1,450,269 447,946 210,076 77 11,456 106,778 774,913 696,043 7 113 54,833 153 16,030 63 9,793 18611 2,040,068 2,336,358 1,743,291 623,067 215,798 157,690 1,698,189 627,770 6 127 1,930,227 75,656 102 17,016 61 10,528 1870 2,144,942 1,514,425 630,517 223,815 105,234 1,443,809 632,905 16 159 91,248 1871 1,625,884 1,892,069 118 19,948 64 10,855 1,733,094 158,974 221,332 63,310 283,055 29,362 9 171 105,993 47 18,817 1872 1,746,173 1,607,521 1,402,685 204,836 218,375 57 8,068 60,887 32.974 81,998 7 146 98,647 47 18,843 54 6,40 1873 1,437,611 2,128,054 1,725,507 402,547 198,655 56,687 7 673,697 122,554 12 109 62,767 63 21,212 58 8,561 1874 1,310,827 1,839,619 1,622,455 217,164 183,857 23,187 403,876 174,111 13 120 71,266 1,505,670 43 18,466 54 8,10t 1875 2,089,736 1,774,083 254,353 213,447 37,812 312,305 104,715 22 120 93,110 41 1876 1,811,770 2,241,041 21,131 7.376 2,055,133 185,908 199,036 ...... 14 141 10S,706 37 19,707 1&77 2,554,356 3,676,203 2,462,417 ...... 4551 6,753 213,786 230,499 ...... 17 168 116,621 33 24,223 54 I 1878 3,046,370 3,548,472 3,333,979 . 8,994 214,492 284,426 ...... ,11 232 163,640 27 36,360 55 1879 3,742,978 3,781,718 3,665,504 116,214 . 7,949 359,671 ...... 6 251 I151,576 25 I 43,166 63 10,023 NOTE.-Where blanks occur in the earlier years. there was either )10 record or the figures when given IVere unrelia~le. The first transhipment of _ c;>il and Done WIIS in 1551, eo fllr as any regular record can be fonnd for statistical pnrpcses. 18 , A COMPARATIVE TABLE OF THE LEADING IMPORTS OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS.

1873. 1875. 1877. 1879. 1----1----1------Ale, Porter, Brandy, Cider...•..••...... $ 14,9'1'7 32 $ 32.826,59 $ 27,317 17 $ 43,255 64 . and :...... 30 18 43400 11,79619 78,571 71 Bnilding Material... 15,807 12 31,016 91 59,5.% 02 89,512 12 Clothing, lIat., Boot..... 144,756 99 168,377 61 2'J4.097 14 251,564 86 Crockery and Gla••ware.... 6,452 11 13,278 42 28,216 20 31,107 4~ Drugs and Medicines..... 15,769 10 20,996 56 23,560 68 29,750 69 Dry Goods-Cottons...... 154,307 50 If);~,464 54 193.776 20 179,927 4'1 Linens... 7,600 94 12.322 25 25,20846 13,048 liZ Silks..... l1,7!J'J 52 13,8:31 39 14,2G5 51 33,764 26 Woolen...... 26,658 28 39,142 26 69,182 68 82,21:~ 46 Mixturcs 31,08.3 67 40,952 17 46,:116 73 37,642 97 Fancy Good., Millinery, etc...... 30,855 83 44,776 31 65,580 47 68,444 11 Fish (dry and salt). 18,383 52 14,781 74 26,594 82 66,!l7S 3a Flour...... 46,026 42 55,930 57 77,326 21 81,820 38 Fruits (frcsh)...... l.lJ09 47 2,232 00 2,359 23 4,982 00 FurnIture...... 12,974 47 19,082 52 46,058 10 65,106 95 Furs and Ivory...... 2,642 78 15,54095 1,90'240 3,2'2'280 Grain and Feed...... 13,862 01 12.73223 22,266 95 55,402 10 Groceries aud Provisions...... 83,95.3 40 103,328 0'2 160,028 78 334,409 99 Guns and Gun Materials..... 2,583 89 5,625 11 10,456 66 12,425 76 Gun Powder.... 1,431 90 1,]80 41 4,717 84 4,650 41 Hardwarc, AO"ricultural Implements, Tools.. 60,W1 85 77,519 38 :i59,059 27 204,4!l2 80 Iron, Steel, efe...... 7,748 95 18,075 88 45,694 46 61.709 98 Jewelry,P late, Clocks...... 12,617 32 15,8;'6 16 58,014 56 86,14'1 10 Leather...... 6,661 68 8,54933 17,59787 23,54269 Lnmber 50,155 18 78,652 19 136,940 06 189,887 79 :Maehinery...... 20,055 22 2:~,6U5 12 146.5:!2 47 543,045 12 }\[atches 5,647 04 11,089 40 16,626 70 4,049 4:~ }\[usical Instruments...... 2,834 38 4.764 53 12,152 58 10,033 17 Naval Stores... 35,484 42 30,62;; 88 50,483 32 47,41025 Oils (cocoanut, kerosene, wliale; etc.)...... 140,665 86 47,177 71 49,201 86 64,8150:; Opium...... 13,006 37 22,516 26 . Paint and Paint Oils...... 10,129 38 15,396 61 20,880 74 23,36047 PerfLlmeryand Toilet Articles_...... 6,79850 8,020 34 20,354 97 10.801 78 Saddlery, 0arriages, etc...... 24.238 26 21~515 96 62.315 55 78,706 5':} Shooks and Containers _... 63,098 42 4U,544 97 .:l7,504 (J() 45,585 :39 Spirits...... 30,716 19 49,446 30 49,O!H 62 72,:.19 78 Stationery and Books 17,392 94 25,,172 07 37,929 49 44.098 61 Tea : '...... 7,66960 10,292!l2 9,16!! 02 2U.79!l 5:1 Tin and Tinware... 3,165 52 3,637 56 4,481 77 6,5">6 90 Tobacco, Cigars, etc...... 34,067 71 42,072 f.3 61,4!1I> 1J2 82,618 98 Whalebone.. (i7.304 45 41,<'-15 08 54,5!~~ 12 19,36.3 45 Wines (light>...... 10,910 18 14,688 80 11,741 93 9,178 17

THE PUBLIC DEBT. (From Report of"'\1inister of Finance to Legislative Assembly, 1880.) The Debt on the 1st of April, 1878, was , $444,800 Amount paid during the past fiscal period...... •...... 79,800 Balance of Debt of1878, $365,000 Borrowed by authority of Act of September, 1876...... 23,900 Present Debt, April·t, 1880 $388,900 The interest charges on the above are: Twelve per cent. per annnm on $ 41,000 Nine per cent. per annum on 304,200 Seven per cent. per annum on..;...... 43,000 Bearing no interest-Bond due not called for,...... 100 Debt as shown above , $388,900 Of this there will be due and payable.during the current fiscal period.•....$89.600 19

IMPORTS HONOLULU, HAWAIIAN ISLANDS, 1879.

TOTAL. --1----·------.- Ale, Porter, Beer, Cider $ 31,912 8H $ 11,342 81 $ 4-~,255 64 Animals and Birds .. 52 75 $ 78,518 9,; . 78.571 71 S;~ Building Materia18~ 0 ••• 0 •• :18,711 49,890 26 910 5:3 89;512 12 Clothing, lIats, Boots . 189,677 94 55,590 00 6,310 92 251,084 86 Crockery, Glassware, Lamps and Lamp Fixtures . 29,4.35 69 97057 701 16 31,107 42 Drngs, Surgical' Instruments and Den- tal Materials . 29,54.3 60 216 09 29,759 69 Dry Goods-Cottous . 98,690 Z~ 78,552 74 2,684 46 17'9,!!27 43 Linens .. 13,042 32 6 20 13,048 62 Silks . 3'~,!l;6 26 808 00 38,76126 Woolens . 6!1,783 64 11,'i65 94 663 88 82,213 46 lIIlxtures ., . ;~2,837 19 4,805 78 . 37,642 ·97 Fancy Goods, MIllinery, etc . 66,046 88 1,8',g 62 588 61 68,444 11 Fish (dry and salt) . 14,144- 70 52.aOO 71 5:32 9'Z 61),97883 Flour . 647 25 SO.845 38 327 75 81,820 88 4,~'(j2 Fruits (fresh) . 21H 30 70 0 4,98200 Furniture . 29,7ft3 26 32,237 19 3,006 50 65.10" 95 Furs and Ivory . t>.~:~ ~ 3,222 8U Grain and Feed ...... i:soo 'lii ..... "ilii'99 r;5,4O'~ 10 Groceries and Provbions .. 106,015 70 217,772 12 10,622 17 384,109 99 Guns and Gun Materials .. 5,540 62 1,906 16 4,978 98 12,425 76 GunPowder · 4,648 41 2 00 4,650 41 Hardware, Agricultural Implements and Tools...... 5:3,13.3 42 149,551 14 1.808 24 204,49'~ SO Iron and Steel, etc...... 2'1.497 79 33,471 12 1;741 07 til,70'J 98 Jewelry, Plate, Clocks.. 8J.279 71 2,OZ~ 32 3,814 07 86.11710 Leather...... 2.57396 2O,9i:8 7:J 23.54269 Lumber...... 6,688 95 188,198 81 189,887 79 Machinery...... 342,979 98 199,477 18 587 96 543.040 12 Matches...... 59 1.~ 3,9m 70 26 30 140.001~ 41'~, :Musical Iustruments...... 10,OO'J 60 23 57 , au Naval Stores...... •.... 14,618 76 Z-1,602 O'~ 2.189 47 47,410 25 Oils (Cocoanut, Kerosene, Whale, etc.) 7,51a 70 54,4.16 60 2,851 75 64,815 05 Paints and Paint Oils and Turpentine... 22,74t 43 5lH 00 lla 04 2:1",60 47 .. Perfumery and 'follet Artlcbi...... 10,2J;~ 7', 448 11 109 92 , 10.801 78 Saddlery, Carriages and Materia!...... 31,048 43 46,64~ ao 1,014 SO 78,706 5:3 Sh~,,!ks and Con·iainers...... 32.73;~ 81 9,850 22 3,001 86 45,585 39 SpIrItS 0.... 3.019 01 0...... (t9,500 77 72,519 78 Stationery and Books...... 10,21~ 94 32,777 fiG 1,071 OJ 44,l'!J8 61 Tea. 11,980 7:3 8,818 80 20,799 5:3 Tin and Tinware and.Materiols...... 6,%6 90 ." 6.566 90 Tobacco, Cigaro, etc..... 3,610 82 49,249 62 2'l,758 54 82,618 98 'Vha!ebone...... 19,363 4'5 19,:16:~ 45 Whaling Gear...... 258 71 'j':ll 50 990 21 Wines (light) 2,595 88 6,582 29 9,178 17 Sundry MdEe. not Inclnded in above.... 59,955 6" 32,23281 4,191 55 96,a80 02 Sundry Unspecified :Merchandise...... 2,148 84 2,148 84 Charges on Invoice... 49,621 98 29,862 54 4,798 47 81,282 99 25 per ct added on Uncertified Invoices 4,576 43 4,576 ~3 Totals ISt:G91,Z.093 W26.14249 $187,52905$3,404,942 47 I, Disoounts 0 0 0 •••••••••••••••••••••• '0 •••$23,345 47 Damaged and short...... 4,1l3 III 27,458 66 $3,377,483 81 , IMPORTS AT OTHER PORTS, HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. VALUE PAYING VALUE FREE BY VALUR IN DtJTY. TREATY. BOND.

KahuluC=.~=.~ $7,377 84- $110,2;;2 r;;- - $3656- Hila 4,639 73 93,407 52 . Kealakekua...... 142 88 .. 215.85517 ---- . $3,533.a.~8 98 .... Value of goods free : 1--=49.6~~ Total. $3,742,978 39 20

SELECTIONS FROM CUSTOM HOUSE TABLES, 1879. Customs Receipts. Import Duties Goods $151,864 SO Fines and Forfeitures .•.••••••••• 86690 Imp<:>rt Duties Spirits 121,877 3:3 Registry . 54657 Import Duties Bond Goods...... 23,376 09 Bp.oys . 41200 'Vharfa~e 15,888 43 Warehouse Storage . 26252 111. H. Fund (seamen)...... 1.114 45 Samples . 500 Hospital Fund (passengers)...... 12,17800 ---- Blanks...... •.••• 10,13.3 00 • Honolulu $:3';6,457 44 Storage...... 5,898 Zl HHo...... 97~ 68 Interest...... 3,200 68 Kakului...... 2.237 93 Fees...... 3,140 41 Coasting Lieense...... 2,620 9t3 Total 1879 $359,671 05 Kerosene Stora!:e...... 1,101 23 Total 1878...... 284,426 42 Lights...... 1,056 78 Passports...... •• .. •• ...... ••• 914 00 Increase 1879 75,244 &3 Value of Goods Free by Treaty. United States, Pacific Ports $1,317,824 621 At Kealakekua.... 142 88 United States, Atlantic Ports... 238,727 77 ------. At Kahului. :. 110,25254 Total $1,820,35533 At IIilo...... 93,107 52 Value of Goods Paying Duty Imported at Honolulu. United States, Pacific Ports.•.•$ 361,919 49 Society Islands .. 86956 United States, Atlantic Ports.. 3:1,670 59 Sea, by Whalers . 508 8~ Great Britain.. 7\18,261 17 ----- Germany.. .•..• .. 185,867 69 Total Honolulu $1,573,816 10 China...... •••• 86,443 .•3 At Kahului, from U. S. Pac. Pts 7,:3n 8! and New Zealand.... &5,922 7:3 At Hilo, frolll U. S. Pacific Ports 4,63~ 72: France. . •• •• . .. 26,256 94 British Columbia..... 11,102 20 Total at all Ports $I,585,8.'J3 67 :Micronesia, Islands, etc 2,99J 43 Value of Goods and Spirits Bonded. United States, Pacific Ports.. : $ 69,851 50 Sea. by.Whalers : 1,122 04 United States, Atlantic Ports.... 8,:320 52 Micronesia, Guano Islands, etc... 775 8.'l Great Britain...... 43,68.'l98 China...... ••• 39,409 97 Total Honolulu $187,115 32 Australia and New Zealand.. •••• 11,428 31 At Kahului...... •••• 34 66 France.. .•• •••••. 7,5~f7 61 Germany...... •.• 4,876 06 Total at all Ports $187,149 98 Value of Goods Imported Free. Animals and Birds $ 130 00 Bags and Containers (retnrned) , . 44232 Books, Printed in Hawaiian . 1,272 10 Voal, at Honoluln . 37,791 77 Diplomatic Representatives•...•••••..••.•••.•.•..•...••.•.....•..•...... •...... • 81286 1,5!:J840 5,4~4 49 ~~~~~~i:~~L~~~~~~~~\~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 8,4677u 56,0;;642 Personal and Household Effects (old and in use) . 16,217 40 17,159 74 ~1~~'t;~~dS~~d~~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 3000 ReturJled Cargo .. 2,0'&8 UO 1,68Q 61 1~~i~~i~~t1~t~~~i:S:S:i~~::::::::::::::::::::: :~:~:6:0:.~: ~ 187 !J5 ::::::::::::::::::::::::: ---- Total.•.•••••.•••••••.•••••.•..••••••••••••••..••.••••.••••••....•• $149,6~~ 41

Resume, Imports llawaiian Islands. Value Goods Free by Treaty $1,820,~55 33 Value Goods Paying.~uty 1,~,&l3 67 Value Goods and SpIrIts Bonded...... 18/ ,149 US Value Goods and Spirits Free :...... 149,&'l'J 41 Total. ~ $3,742,97B 39 •• 21

SELECTIONS FROM CUSTOM HOUSE TABLES, 1879. Ta.ble of Principal Domestic :Experts for 1879, Port of Honolulu, Showing the Country to which :Exported.

~"C>g ~~ ~:-: ~~ a ~ >gg; in~f3· S; ~~ ~; S a co . !" ~ ~:;. ~~ ~g ~ ~ ~~ ----.~ ~p.. -- ---~:i Sugar, Ibs•.•...•...••..•••.••--- 49,016,270...... --100 1,300 --384 600 --2,312 ---49,020,972 !lolasses, galls...... 81,325 4,976...... 882 292 87,475 Paddy, lbs...... 38,815 200 38,815 Rice, Ibs. 4,769,580 13,200 2,300 4,000 2,058 3,533 4,792,813 Colfee, Ibs...... 68,134 200 3,672...... 211 74,275 Salt, tous...... 50 ...... 50 Poi, bbls ,...... 139 ; 2S 167 :Fullgns, Ibs...... 300 2,271...... 2.571 Bananas, bchs ;...... 12,369...... ••••• 12,369 Goat Skins, pcs...... 24,940 ,. 10,683...... 24,9-10 Hides,pcs ·...... 14,20"2 168 :..... 24,685 Calf Skin., pcs.. ..•• 168 Puln, Ibs...... 25,447 111,554 193,929...... 137,001 Wool, Ibs ;...... 270,379 "...... 464,308 ~:tTI~~~~~d:::::::::::::::::: :::::::::: :::::: ::::::: :::::: :::::: : 1,1~ 1,1;;g Peanuts, lbs ~ ...... • 27,525 .. 27,525 Betal Leaves. bx...... 62 62 Domestic Exports Hawa.iian Islands. Sugar, Ibs 49,020,972 Goat Skin., pcs . 24,940 Mola••es, galls.... 87,475 Hide., I?cs . 24,885 Paddy, lbs...... 88,815 Calf Skms, pcs . 168 Rice, lbs 4,792,813 Pulu, Ibs . 137,001 Colfee, lb :...... 74,275 Wool,lbs . 464,308 Salt, tons...... 50 Rnm, galls . 2,184 Poi, bbls 167 Cattle, head . 50 Fung-us, Ib8 o.o ••••••••••••••• 0 2,571 Betel leaves, bxs . 62 . Bananas, bchs...... 12,369 Peanuts, Ibs .. 27,525 Whalebone, lbs 816 Total Value Domestic Produce :Exported. Total Valne Domestic Produce Exported .-.•••.: $3,587.503 76 Furnished as Supplies to Merchantmen, as per estimate.. .••...••..• 55.000 00 Fnrni.hed as Supplies to National Vessels, a. per e.timate...... 20,000 00 Furm.hed as supplies at all other Ports, a. per e.timate : 3,000 00 Total $a,665,5O'd 76

Total ofall Experts, Ha.waiian Islands. Value Foreign Good. Exp~rted $ 116,214 21 Value Domestic Good. Exported 3,587,503 76 Value Dome.tic Good. Furnished as Supplies (e.timated).... 78,000 00 Total.. $3,781,717 97 ONE SET SPECIMEN HAWAIIAN POSTAGE STAMPS, UNUSED, Of 1, 2, 2, 2, 5, 6, 12, 13 and 18 cents, mounted on card, showing name of figures, denominations and time of issue, sent to any address, by registered mail, for $1.50. This gives a complete set of the" Bust" or engraved stamps, and can be had only of the undersigned. Remit­ tances can be mailed in U. S. currency, or stamps. Address, 'rHOS. G. 'rHRUM, Honolulu. Letters of inquiry must include st~mps for reply, or they will not be answered. 22

Passenger Statistics, AITivaIs and Departures, Port ofHonolulu, 1879.

CHINESE.

FROM TO FR01'( TO FROM AND TO ------c ---c 0,; 0,; ... g > ;:: :=:: a: '" ::;" S" ::; S'" '"~ ;:;; ~ ~ Eo " ;;l '!' '!' " t:l '"t:l ~ ~ ------San Francisco...... ••...... ··•·...····.·•···· · .. 2633 98 769 70 1540 14 73 ...• Oregon and Washington Territory...... 48.... 25 4 29 1 1 ..•• Victoria, B. C...... ••••.. ..•. 3 4 . Chi"a and Japan...... 117 ' 6 2165 61 253 10 Australia and New Zealand...... 76 5 f>O 3 2 . Islands and Ports in the North and South Pacific 529 25 23 1 .. Atlantic ports...... 1 · .. ·1.· .. European Ports...... 12 1 1 . Madeira Islands ··•••··•····•··•• · ·... 22'2 198 . ------Totals 3.524 327 998 83 3736 76 327 10 Total aIriv~ls for the year ; 7,663 Total departnres for the year 1,418 Excess of arrivals 6,245 Passengers in Transitu. From Australia aud New Zealaud to San Francisco 733 From San Francisco to New Zealand and Australia 1,003

Comparative Table of Receipts and Expenditures, Hawaiian Islands, • 1876-78, 1878-80 and 1880-82. Estimated REVENUE. 1876-78 18714O 1880-82. CUf!tom House $ 361,371 $ 582,846'$ 548,400 Internal Commerce...... 85,807 122,946 98,950 Internal Taxes...... 331,163 465,252 414,0\l0 Fines, Fees, Perquisites, &c...... 132,600 190,265 122,850 Government Realizations...... 153,572 318,527 257,000 Government Stocks...... 87,200 23,900 . Cash in the Treasury April 1, 1880...... 338,880 ------$1,151,713 $1,703,736 $1,780,080 Estimated EXPENDITURES. 1876-78 1878-80 1880-82 Civil List $ 76,000 $ 65,500 $ )04,000 PermanentSettlements . :14,025 15,075 19,600 Le&,islature and . . 22,080 16,523 20,300 .Tuuiciary Department .. 71,743 79,667 96,587 Department of \Var . 54,(;42 67,993 * Department of Foreign Affairs . 32,1)36 36,830,133,100 Department of Interior .. 37l~220 656,810 1,233,920 Department of Finance .. 244,387 260,057 333,279 Department of Attorney-GeneraL .. 9.5,861 123,664 166,200 Bureau of Public Instruction .. 71,721 79,605 89,020 Miscellaneous. __ . 46757 93,973 . ------1--·--- $1,110,472 $1,495,6971$2,196,006 • Merged into Department of Foreign Affairs. .' 23

VALUE OF FOREIGN COINS IN UNITED STATES MONEY, AS PROCLAIMED BY THE TREASURY DEPARTMENT JAN. UARY,1880.

Ul COUNTRY. JlloNETARY UNIT. I STANDARD COIN. Austria.•••••••••••:IIFlorin : Gold••. $3 85.898 Guilden. Bel¥ium Franc G. & S. 19.3 5, 10 and 20 francs. Bolivia Dollar G. & S. 96.5 Escndo, ~ boliv'r & boliv'r. Brazil Jllilreis ofl,OOOreis Gold... 54.5 None. Br. Poss. in N. Am. Dollar Gold... 1 00 Bogota Peso Gold... 96.5 Ccntral America.., Dollar Silver.. 93.5 Dollar. Chili. Peso Gold... 91.2 Condor, donbloon, escndo. Denmark Gold... 26.8 10 and W crowns. Ecuador Dollar Silver.. 98.5 Dollar. Egypt Pound of 100 piasters Gold... 4 97.4 5, 10, 25 and 50 piasters. France Franc G. & S. 19.3 5, 10 and 20 francs. Great Britain Pound .terling Gold... 4 8t1.6 IIalf-sovereig-ll and sovereign. Greece Drachma G. & S. 19.3 5, 10, 20. 50 and 100 drachmas. Mark Gold... 28.E 5, 10 and 20 marks. Japan Yen Gold... 99." 1,2, 5, 10 and 20 yen. India Rupee of 16 annas Silver.. 44.4 Italy Lira G. & S. 19.3 5, 10,20, 50 and 100 lire. Liberia Dollar Gold... 1 00 Mexico Dollar Silver.. 1 01.5 Poso ordol., 5, 10, 25, 50 centavo. Netherlands Fiorin G. & S. 38.5 Florin; 10 guild.; gold ($4 01.9). Norway Crown Gold... 2tl.8 10 and 20 crowns. Peru Dollar Silver.. 93.5 Portugal. lIlilreis 00,000 reis Gold... 1 08 2,5 and 10 milreis. Russia Rouble of 100 copecks Silver.. '74 8 ~4, Y. and 1 rouble. Sandwich Islands.. Dollar G. & S. 1 00 Spaiu Peseta of 100 centimes G. &; S. 19.3 5,10, 20, 50 and 100 pesetas. Sweden Crown Gold... 26.8 10 and 20 crowns. Switzerland jFranc G. & S. 19.3 5, 10 and 20 francs. Tripoli Mahbub of 20 piasters Silver..I 84.4 Tunis Piaster of 16 caroubs Silver.. 11.8 Turkey Piaster Gold... 04.3 25, 50, 100, 250 and 500 piasters. U. S. of .. Peso Silver.. 93.5 . The above table exhibits the valnes in United States money of account, of the pure gold or silver representing, respectively, the monetary units and standard coins of foreign countries, in compliance with the Act of Congress of March 3d, 1873, which provides" that the value of foreign coin * ;< * * shall be that of the pure metal of such coin of standard value."

EXTRACTS FROM SESSION LAWS OF 1880. From an Act to impose specific duties upon Rice, Paddy and Raw imported into this Kingdom. "There shall be levied, collected and paid, a duty of two and a half cents per pound upon all Rice imported into this Kingdom, and if the same be in the husk or what is commonly known as paddy, a duty of one and a half cents per pound; and a duty of two and a half cents per pound upon all raw sugars imported into this Kingdom." From an Act to fix the compensation of Pilots at the ports of Kahu­ lui, Maui, and Hilo, Hawaii. " The compensation of the Pilots at the ports of Kahului, Maui, and Hilo, Hawaii, shall be as follows: One dollar and fifty cents per foot 011 the vessel's draft coming into port, and the same for going out of port. For anchoring any vessel off the said ports of Kakului and Hilo, Ten Dollars; provided that the pilot be not detained on board longer than twenty-four hours, and for all detention on board beyond that time Five Dollars per day. 24

TABLE OF FOREIGN COINS ADOPTED AS THE CURRENT RATES IN HONOLULU, H. I.

By resolution of His Majesty the King in Privy Council, and pub. lished by the Finance Department, the values of the following coins have been fixed and determined at the rates set opposite to them, re­ spectively, viz: GOLD. u. 8. Hll'DOL8'/ GOLD. u. 8. Hl" DOLa. US Double Eagle, at... .40 Italian 20 Lire, at 8 US Eagle,.at 20 Italian 10 Lire, at .4 US Half Eagle, at 10 Russian 5 Roubles, at 8 US Quarter Eagle, at...... 5 Eng and Austr Sovereigns, at 10 SILVER. Eng and Austr Hf Sovs, at 5 French 5 Francs, at 2 French 50 Francs, at 20 Mexican Dollar, old die 2 French 20 Francs, at 8 Belgian 5 Francs, at 2 French 10 Francs, at 4 Italian 5 Lire, at 2 English Shilling, Spanish, Mexican (old die) and Peruvian Quarter Dollars at 25 cents each. Other coins than the above are not current, or legal tender, in the Hawaiian Islands.

The following are the values at which the several respective named coins pass, viz: Mexican Dollar, new die 70 cts Half Dollar, new die 35 cts Chilian Dollar, un Peso 70 cts Half Dollar 35 cts Peruvian Dollar, So1.. 70 cts Half Dollar 35 cts Half Crown, English 50 cts Florin, English 35 cts Rupee, India 35 cts This additional list we give for the benefit of strangers here and en­ quirers abroad, though it must .be understood by the Privy Council Table preceding that they are uncurrent, and persons are not obliged. to take them. All import duties and interest on Government Bonds shall be paid in U. S. gold coin or its equivalent.

EXTRACT FROM SESSION LAWS OF 1880. From an Act to provide for the registration of co-partnership firms. ",\Vhen two or more persons are engaged in co-partnership, it shall be incurn Jent on them to file in the Interior Department a statement of the names and residences of each of the members, the nature of the business, the firm name, and the place or places of business of the co­ partnership, and shall publish same at least twice in the Hawaiian and English languages."; , . From an Act relating to Foreign Corporations carrying on business in this Kingdom. "Every Corporation or Incorporated Company desirous of carrying on business inthis Kingdom and to hold and convey real estate therein shall file in theInterior Department a certified copy of the charter or act of incorporation, the names of the officers thereof, the name of some person uponwhom legal notices and process from the Courts may be served j an annual statement of the assets and liabilities on the first day of July, and ~ certified copy of the by~laws of such Company." ..

Comparative Table of tho Principal Domestio Exports. Port of Honolulu. Ha~aUan Islands. for the First, Socond. and Third Quarters. 1880. Compared with the Same Periods of 1819.

00 '.1." [ l ~ ~ ~~ '.~ ~ ~ ~ ~. ~ ~ ~ .l .g g ~ ." ~:? ~ J~Sg:~ j 00 ~~~::; .<;t< .~ ~ [~¥ ~~ ~~'["' [~[~ Total Value, 'e: ~ g'tO"d ~ ... ¥ ~ ~ ~ [ ------First Quarter. 1880.. 15.967.857 6,750 ...... 1.232.200 39.592 ...... 1...... 3.857 4.507 4.03116 •••• 22.841 58.728 840.. 68 ...... $ 1.201.41118 Fir8t Quarter. 1879.. 10.160,320 ft.462 19.500 810,700 11.020.. 100Zloo.... 3,982 7,990 6,203 ...... 31,270 ...... 1014.. 44 20,491 I 740.132 43 ~e-;;;;== 5,807.537 ---;ss.= "42i.500 28.572 -:-:-=C=~~I~16=~ 58,728 =-:-:-24:= - 461.27875 -n;;:;;~= ~= ~ -:-:-1021~ -S~ ~ ~ -:-:-=~ == 19.500 == 125 2:t7t -:-:-= 174 -:-:-= 2O,49i ~econd Quart;r,1880 21.72r.9:;2163.2~3 61~.81~1~.~\101 3~112.84915.~4716 •. 21:3 5.12°1644980. 5.1?lj57.8.11 ...... 1~ ...... $ 1.519.5!!,'? 18 Second Quart r.1879 16.5Ja.l01 23.4.30 19.31a"';';1 87 ••60 .3.a68.. 6·) 300 3.398 7,268 34.029 117050 43 7.034 1.0'J4.36501 -Incr~~=: "5:i92.851\-39.7!J3 =1==\::='1101=li2.519\2.5491=:-: -;.120I6t 4J8O -:-:-= 57.81i = :-: = -:-:-= - 425,227 17 -n;;:;;~: ===- i9,3i5 2.W;n3 i4:ffii8 -:-:- 35 :-::~ -:-:-= 1:05,;, -:-:-= -:-:- =28,8381~ 1170;0 25 7:034 === Six Months. 1880 37.695.809 ft9.U7:3 ...... 1.879.04.°168.49210 3012.84.91 9.80411°'720 9.151\80 4980F~8.oa2\1l6,5:.m 8401" 86 · ..... 11$ 2.721.00:i 36 Six Months. 1879 26.695.431 29.89238,8151,688,31354.588 .• 167 300 7,38015.258 6.203 ...... ,65.299 ...... 218~ 50 87 27.525 1.~4.497 44. _Incr~=: ""i1,"oOO,37840.081 190.727 13.[l()4 ~ 12,54912.424 2.9481~ 4980"······111r..1l39 "~'l= II--sB6.5

SELECTIONS FROM THE REVISED POSTAL ACT OF 1878, RELATING TO RATES AND CLASS.

The following shall be the rates of Hawaiian Postage on all mail- l able matter in classes: . Class 1. On each letter sealed package, mail matter wholly or partly in writing, printed matter, so marked or interlined as to convey other information than that of the original print, all matter not otherwise chargeable with letter postage but concealing any written memorandum; and all matter so wrapped or secured as to prevent its examination without breaking or destroying the wrapper, two cents for each one-half ounce or fraction thereof. . 'Vhere any such matter is sent to, or received from any foreign country, six cents on each one-half ounce or fraction thereof; and in addition to the said rate of six cents, the sea-postage shall be collected on such foreign mail matter. Letters to be delivered at the office where mailed, one cent for each one-half ounce or fraction thereof. Class 2. On all newspapers, pamphlets, almanacs, calendars, cor­ rected proofs, hand-bills, magazines maps, sheet music occasional publications (not bound), posters and other publications (not bound), designed primarily for advertising purposes or for free circulation, one cent for each four ounces or fraction thereof; where such matter is sent to or received from any foreign country, one cent on each two ounces or fraction thereof. Editors or publishers may exchange post free. Newspapers published in the Hawaiian Islands and mailed from the office of publication to subscribers, free. Class 3. On all books or other bound volumes-either printed or blank-blank cards, book manuscript/ card boards, engravings, mer­ chandise, models, samples, seed, cuttmgs, roots, bulbs, photographs, and all other matter not included in the first or second classes above, one cent for each one ounce or fraction thereof, domestic or foreign. All matter pertaining to the second or third class above named shall be so wrapped or secured as to permit of free examination without breaking or destroying the cover or wrapper,otherwise such matter shall be subject to first-class postage. . The sender of any book, paper, or other matter pertaining to the second or third classes, may write upon or within the same the name and address of the person to whom sent, with a statement that such package was sent by a person named; and also the name and address of the sender, or any part of such statement. No package containing liqUids, poisons, glass, explosive chemicals, live animals, sharp instruments, sugar, or any other material liable to deface or destroy the contents of the mail, shall be sent by mail; nor shall any letter or postal card upon which is written, impressed or engraved any disloyal, lewd, or obscene or indecent words, or delinea­ tions, nor any disloyal, lewd, obscene, or indecent book, paper, pamphlet, or other publication, be transmitted through the mail. When the Postmaster shall have reason to suspect that any mail matter from a foreign country contains articles subject to customs duties, he may retain the same, and cause it to be opened in the pres­ ence of the person to whom directed and the Collector of Customs, or any person authorized by him. Any person or persons violating or • attempting to violate the above restrictions, shall be liable to a fine not exceeding Five" Hundred Dollars, or imprisonment at hard labor not exceeding one year, on conviction before any Police or District Magistrate. No package sent by mail shall exceed four pounds in weight, except under the first class. Provided, however, that nothing 27

in this Section contained shall be construed to conflict with the pro­ visions of any Postal Treaty or Convention now existing. Postal Ta.lIle.

O'rHER PRINTED NEWSPAPERS. MATTER. LETr=-1

1:1: c: 1:1: c: c: 1:1: d 0'" O' Ol":l·~ ..... 0" oo~ ...... ; "'m ...... ; 000 "". !';;; "m ~ .... "m ""aQ' ~~ "". "".... g.. "".(l> ...... ~·S"'- ~c: ;--.. '" ~~ :~ ~;"t;l :'c: -0 ~...... 01:1> COUll'rRIE8 OK PUC1I:8 OJ'D1I:8TINAT'ON. : '" : " .•

EXPLANATIoN.-Lel.ters e and 0 denote compulsory and optional payment•. NO'n a. Island rate for registerinf( letter. i. 15 cents. Island rate on papers Is 1 cent , on each 4 ounce. or part. (See selections Po.tal Act, precedlnl[ thl. table). NOTE b. Ilawl\olian rate fllt re~i.trl\tion i. 15 cent. i Uqited S\!\te. rate, to celltS. Tp.lI 28

Hawaiian Government have no postal treaty covering registered matter (except with New Sontu Wales); but by courtesy of tbe Postmaster at the San Francisco ollice, all registered matter scnt bim is re-registered to its destination; but no registration is obtained on mat­ ter coming from the UUlted States. (See extract from United States Postal law.) "Let­ ters, newspapers. aud printed matter of every kind are exchangeable. Ou newspapers received 'in the United States from Hawaii the established rates of the United States domestic postage are chargeable. Articles of printed matter, except newspapers, are liable, on delivery in the United States, to postae:e at the rate of 4 cents for each 4 ounces or fraction thereof. Tile domestic postage rates·of the Hawaiian Kingdom are chargeable upon all correspondence, exce~t letters. received there from tbe United States. To regular subscribers in the Hawaiian Kingdom newspapers published in the United States, and other periodical publications wbich arc second-class matter in domestic mails, may be sent at domestic rates. Registration i. not permissible, and samples cannot be seut." NOTE c. Registration fee, 15 cents; rate on papers, 2 cents each; and on third-class matter, 4 cents per 4 ounces or part. NOTE d; Letters only to de.tin~t1on. ' Countries and Colonies of the Universal Postal Union other than the United States. ARGENTINE REPUBLIC. bier, Touboual, and Tuamotou (Low AUSTBIA-HuNGARY, including the Prine!· Islands). palityof Lichtenstein. GERMANY, including the, Island of Heli­ BAHAMAS. goland. BELGIUMe GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. Including BEiulUDAS. , Malta, the dependencies of BRAZIL. Malta «Jozzo, Comino, and Cominotto), BRITISH COLONIES on West Coast of Africa and the Island of . (Gold Coast, Lagos, Senegambia, and GREECE, including the Ionian Isle~. Sierra Leone). " GREENLAND. BRrrISH COLONIES IN 'VEST INDIES, viz.: HONDURAS, Republic of, including 'Bay , Dominic3, ,, , Island•. St. Chr18topher, and the Virgin Isles. HONG KONG and the postollices maintained . by Hong Kong at Kiung-Chow, Canton, . Swatow, Amoy, Foo-chow, Ning-po ..BI'IITISH INDIA: Hindostan and British Bur· Shal~hai, and Hankow (China), and mah (Aracan, Pegu, and Tenasserim), Hai-IUll17 and Hanoi (). and the Indian Postal Establishments ITALY, incruding the Republic of San of Aden, Muscat, Persian Gulf, Guadur; }farlno, and the Italian offices of Tunis .and :Mandalay. and TripoJiiu Barbary. . BULGARIA, Principality of. JAMAICA. CANADA. JAPAN and Japanese postollices at Shang' CEYLON. __ hai, Chee-foo, (;hin-kiang, Hankow, :DANISH COLONIES of'St. Thomas, St. Croix, Ning-po, Foo-chow, New-cnwnng, Kiu· and St. John. ' kiang, and Tien-tsln (China), and at DENMARK, including Iceland and the Faroe Fusam-po (Corea). Islands. LABUAN. ECUADOR. LIBERIA. EGYPT, including Nubia and Soodan. LUXEMBURG. . and dependencies (the AmIrante FRANCE, including Algeria, the Principality Islands, the and Rodrigues). of Monaco, and l<'reneh postollice estab­ }fRxICO. , ments at' Tunis, Tangier (Morocco), MONTENEGRO. and at Shanghai (China); Cambodia, NETHERLANDS. and Tonqnin. NETHERLAND COLONIES- FRENCH COLONIES- 1. In Ada: Borneo, Sumatra, Java (Ba' , 1. In Asia: Frcnch establishments in tavia), Billiton, Celebes (}lacassar), India (Chandernagore, Karikal, Mahe, Madura, the Archipelagoes of Banca Pondicherry, and Yauaon), and In and Rhia (Riouw), Bali, Lombok, Sum­ Cochin China, (Saigon, Mytho, Bien­ 'nawa, Flore., the S. W. portion of Hoa, Poulo-Condor, Vingh-Long, Ha- Timor, and the }loluecas. tien, Tschandok); , 2. In Oceanica: The N. W. portion of ~. In4{rica: Seuegal and dependencies New Guinea (Papua). (Goree, St. Louis, Bakel, Dagana), 3. In America: Netherland Guiana (Su­ }fayotte and Nossi-be, Gaboon (includ­ rinam), Curacoa, Aruba, Bonaire, part of ing Grand Bassam and Assinie), Re­ St. Martin, St. Eustatius, and Saba. nUlon (Bourbon), Ste. Marie de Mada- NEWFOUNDLAND. NORWAY• .3. g'I~~merlca: French,'Guiana, Guada­ PERSIA. IOllp'e and dependencies (Desirade or PERU. Deseada, Les Saintes, Marie Galante, PORTUGAL, including the ieland of Madeira and the north portion of St. Martin), and the Azores. Martinique, St. Pierre, and }fiqnelon. PORTUGUESE COL')NIES- of. In Oceanica: New Caledonia, Tahiti, 1. In Asia: Goa, Damno, Diu, Macao, , Marque,as Islands, Isle of Pines, J,oy­ and part of Timor. alty Islands, the Archipelago of UIlIn-, ~. In.ynca: Cape, Verde, Cacheo, Bie- , 29

~ao, Islands of St. Thome and Prince's, SPANISH COLONIES- Ajuda, :Mozambique, and the province 1; . In Africa: blands' of Fernando Po, of Angola. Annobon, and Cori~co. REPUBLIC OF DOMINICA.. 2. In America: Cuba and Porto Rico. ROUMANIA (Moldavia and WalJachla). 3. In Oceanica: The Archipelagoes of RUSSIA, including the Grand Ducby of Fin- the Mariana (Ladrone), and' the Caro' , land. line Islands. . SALVADOR.. 4. In Asia: The Philippine Archipelago SERVIA. (Luzon· with 1>Ianilla, 1>lindanao, Pala­ SPAIN, including the .Balearic Isles, the wan, Pansy, Amar, etc). Canary hlauas, the Spanish poss~s.ions STRAITS SETTLEMENi'S (Singapore, Penang, ou the north coast of Africa (Ceute, and Malacca). Penon de la Gomera, Alhucema., :Me­ SWEDEN. lilla, lind the Chatfarrne Islllnds), the SWIT7.ERLAND. Republic of Andorra, lind the postal TRINIDAD, 'V. I. establishments of Spain on the west TURKEY (European and Asiatic). coast of Morocco (Tangier, Tetuan, URUGUAY., Larrache, Rabat, Mazagan, Casablanca, . Salli, and Mogadore).

COMPARATIVE TABLE OF THE SCHOOL POPWLATION. (From Board of Education Report to Legislature, 1880.)

CENSUS, DEC. 27. 1878. IN SCHOOLS JAN. 1, 1878. IN SCHOOLS JAN. I, 1880

ISLAND. BOYS. GIRLS. TOTAL. BOYS. GIRLS. TOTAI~. BOYS. GIRLS. TOTAL. ------Hawaii ...... 1,385 1,167 2,555 ],217 927 2,144 1,231 990 2,221 Maui ...... 1,073 835 1,908 896 618 1,514 925 659 1,581 l\Iolokai..... 225 .161 386 127 148 245 152 107 259 Lanai...... 15 8 23 5 4 9 2 4 6 Oahu...... 1,606 1,387 2,993 ],382 ],120 2,502 1,374 1,]57 2,531 KauaL...... 447 325 770 343 199 542 34i 188 532 Niihau ...... 12 14 26 21 14 35 20 11 31 ------Totals...... 4,761 --3,897 8,658 --3,991 3,000 ----6,991 4,048 3,116 7,]64

NOTES ON SCHOOL S'rATISTICs.-The number of schools of all classes in the Kingdom on the 1st of January, 1880, was 210, with an attendance of 7,164 pupils. The number of pupils reported in 18i8 was 6,991; showing an increase of 1i3 during the past two years• . 'fhe tables show an excess of 932 boys over girls, or 5i per·cent. of boys and 43 per cent. of girls in the whole school population. There has been a little decrease in the excess of boys since 18i8. In nationality the perc.entage of pupils is nearly as follows: Ha­ waiians 79 per cent.; half-caste HawaiIans, 13 per cent.; all other nationaiities, 8 per cent. . The enumeration' of children of legal school age, by the Census taken in December, 18i8, indicates 1,494 children, or nearly 18 per cent. of the census school popUlation, not represented in any of the schools of the Kingdom•. After making liberal deductions for the foreign children whose parents prefer to educate them at home, and the children living in sparsely-settled districts where there are no schools, and those who from bodily infirmity are unable to attend school, there still remains about 10 per cent. of the census school population who are absentees from school. A large portion of this deficiency in the school-going population is doubtless among the chil­ dren of the Chinese included in the census, and Hawaiian children between the ages of twelve and fifteen years; these being the classes often drawn off to the industrial pursuits of the Kingdom. 30

REGULATIONS FOR CARRIAGES, AND RATES OF FARE.

1. Every licensed carriage, dray orvehicle must be numbered, and this numbermust be placed on a conspicuous part of the carriage, dray or vehicle. 2. Every licensed carriage running at night must exhibit two lights and the number of such carriage plainly shown on the glass of each lantern. 3. Drivers of licensed carriages must obey the orders of the police. 4. No licensed carriage will be allowed to stand on the makai side of Queen street near the Fish Market, and no two or more carriages will be allowed to stand abreast on any street. 5. On all stands set apart for licensed carriages the horses must be headed to the eastward. 6. No licensed horse and carriage must be left without a proper attendant, or properly secured. 7. No licensed carriage will be allowed to be left on the street over night. S.-STANDS SET APART FOR LICENSED CARRIAGES. Makai side of Queen street, from east corner of Fort street. Makai side of Queen street, from east corner of Nuuanu street. Mauka side of Merchant street,from east corner of Bethel street. Makai side of King street, from west corner of Bethel street; Makai side of Hotel street, from east corner of Fort street. Makai side of Beretania street, from east corner of Nuuanu street. Mauka side of Hotel street, from east corner of Nuuanu street. Ml}kai side of King street, from east corner of Richards street. Makai side of Hotel street, opposite to entrance of Hawaiian Hotel. 9. No more than twelve carriages will be allowed on anyone stand at anyone time. RATES OF FARE. 10. To or from any point between Beretania street and the harbor, and between Punchbowl street and the river] for each person 12i cents. 11. To or from any point between second oridge, Nuuanu Road, and the harbor, and between the" 'VhatCheer House," on thc Ewa Road, and the corner of King street and .the 'Vaikiki Road-not conflicting with rule 1Q--for each person 25 cents. 12. Outside these limits, not exceeding two miles from the starting point, for each person 50 cents. 13. From any steamer or packet, to any point within the second named limits, for each person 25 cents. 14. Children three years old or under, no charge i over three years old and not more than ten years old, two for one fare. 15. When hired by the hour :-'- For one passenger for one hour $l 00 For two passengers for one hour , :.. 1 50 For three passengers for one hour ; 2 00 For each additional hour, for each passenger..... 50 16. Time to be counted from the time of starting to time dIsmissed. 17. No extra charge shall be made to any passenger for the ordinary hand baggage. . IS. For any other than ordinary hand baggage-each trunk or box, 25 cents. 19. Tickets issued by any licensee of any carriage to representcoin, will be held as good to the amountthey represent in any other licensed 31 carriage, and rriust'be redeemed when presented to the person issuing them. (See note.) 20. No driver is compelled to take a single fare for the Pali or the Park, except by special bargain. When two orm9re offer, the regular fare must be accepted. . 21. Every driver of a licensed carriage shall, upon demand of any person desiring to hire his carriage, exhibit a card of rates oUare. . Ifany driver of a licensed vehicle shall contravene any of the fore­ going regulations, the license of such vehicle .may be revoked by the Minister of the Interior. .: ' . NEW REGULATION.-Sept. 23d, 1879.-No horse attached to any li­ censed wagon, cart or dray for the transportation of freight, shall, within the circuit of one mile from the Honolulu Post Office, be driven faster than a walk. . NOTE.-For pUbli~ convenien~e the Interior D~partment issues tickets (which are redeemable at any time) at the rates of 12~ and 25 cents, which are cnrrent with all drivers. Refusal to receive any such fare tendered, renders the driver liable uf.C>n complaint to lose his license. All.complaints shonld be. made at the Policl' Station, giving the number of the vehicle. ' '."

LATITUDES AND LONGITuDES, AS' ADOPTED BY THE HA­ W AllAN GOVERNMENT SURVEY.

(CORRECTED FDR THIS ISSUE BY PROI!'. ·W. D. ALEXANDER.)

LATITUDES. LONGITVDES.

,' ,, Deg. Min. ~ Deg. Min. Sec. Honolulu, Transit of Venus Observatory, as determined by Capt: Tupma!l. 21 17 57 157 51 48 Honolulu Light House :: 21 17 54.99 157 52 ]2.99 Diamond Head Summit 21 15 ~0.59 157 48 52.17 Tantalus, or Puu Ohia 21 l!l 43.20 157 49 03.222 Makapuu Station (E. point of Oahu) 21 18 15.75 157 39 20.164 Mokapu Station, Kaneohe 21 27 01.07 157. 44 04.68 KaJluku Point (N. E. point of Oahu) 21 42 19.207 157 58 59.79 Barber's Point, Laeloa ; 21 17 32.23 158 6 32.36 l>u?-loa (wind~ilI) ~ 21 ]9 11.7! ]57 58 25.64 Lale POInt 21 38 ,40.65 ]57 55 16.57 Kaena Point (N. W. point of Oahu) ;.. 21 34 ]3.]0 158 16 55.66 Haleakala, Station on Summit.. 20 42 35.4· 156 ]5 08.1 Lahaina Court House 20 52 3.40 ]56 40 50.5 Kauiki Point ~E. ~oint of Maui) 20 45 1.7 15559 3.4 Puu O1ai, or 'MIller's HilI" (south of Makena);.;' 20 37 56.8 ]56 27 4.4 Halawa (E. end of Molokai) 21 9 0.8' 156 43 44.13 Kahoolawe Summit 20 33 39 156 35 21 Kawaihae Light House, approx :. 20 ': 02 ]2;5 ]55 50 5 MaunaKea, Stationon Summit (approx) ]9 49]6 155 28 16 Halai Station, back of Hilo ; 19 42 44.7 155 5 55

THE ALllrIANAC Aim ANNUAL Is made up to Noyember, to I:>e i&sued in time for the December mails. All articles, advertisements, or orders for eoming editions should be sent to the publisher by October. .ALGJE OF 'l'HEHAW AIIA.N ISLANDS.

BY 1. lIi. CHAlllBlIillLAnr.

Seaweed, or as the Hawaiians call it, Limu,. abounds here. It is mostly of medium size. No varieties are gigantic. Some are woody. A great number need to be pressed' immedIately to preserve them, while many so prepared cannot be Identified, as they must be exam- Ined with a microscope while freshly gathered. . 'Vaialua, Kailua, Waikiki, on Oahu; Kalaupapa, Kaluaaha, on Molokai; Kahului on Maui; Kahalepalaoa on Lanai; Hilo and Ka­ waihae on Hawaii; Hanalei and Waimea on Kauai, and the Island of Niihau, have beaches favorable for stranded limu. Yet stranded sea­ weed varies with every tide, and satisfactory work can only be done by watching for smooth low water, to go out on the reefs and wade on the rocks. From Andrew's Hawaiian DIctionary, and other sources, the follow­ Ing native names of Algre are gathered, forming a part of the whole. The names vary on different Islands. The kinds of Algre are not equally or similarly distributed. Very few of the young natives are. acquainted with more than a small stretch of sea coast. Indeed, only the older women have any comprehensive knowledge of limu. The men regard its collection and preparation for food as rather beneath their dIgnIty.. .

Limu alaalanla, Limu kahakala, Limn lipnnpnn, anpnpu, kala, limnloloa, akiaki, kalalanliilii, Inpe, akinla, kalalaunninui, mananwea, alani, knmnlimukala, makaloa, ehau, . kele, maneoueo, ekahakaha, kiki, nanoo, iliohaa, koeleele, nanne, oohiea, koiale, paakaiea, ohiohio, koko, paakai, [hale, oknpe, koloa, pahapaha 0 poll opal, lipahapals, pahapaha, oapi\ka, lipaka1, pakeleawaa, uaualoli, lipalao, palahalaha, ulaula, lipalawai, palawai, hinanla, lipehn, pepeiao, holomoku, lipoa, pe~nln, hnahnakai, knmnlipoa, n t '1' hnlnilio, lipnpn, pnpllJl:ane1pe 10, huna, lipewale, pipilani, hune lipnnla, wawahiwaa. hunehuoe,

The collection of Hawaiian Algre was undertaken at the desire (as reported) of' Dr~ Asa Gray, the distinguished American botanist, because the field was said to be new and then unexplored. The col­ lector had no knowledge of the science, and is under obligations to Prof. W. G. Farlow, of Harvard University, and Prof. Daniel C. Eaton, of Yale College, for the identification of the following cata- lo~ue. .. . Many specimens' are not yet identified, and the list of Hawaiian Algre may reach two hundred or more varieties when accurately and •• 33

absolutely complete. 'We only report progress and leave to some suc­ cessor to report again and in full.

Actinotricbia rigida, Gratelonpia filicina, Ahufeltia polyides (Areschon.g), dichotoma, concivina, Bypnea nidifica (Ag.), Amansia glomerata, pannosa (Aq.), Ascothamnion intricatum, divaricata (Ag.), Asparogopsis Sanfordiana, corinta, Asperococcus sinuosus, Hydroclat?-rus cancellatus (!Jory.), ramorissimua (Ag.), Hallymenia formosa (Harv.), Bryopsis plumosa, Hallyseris plagiogramma (Mont.), Caulerpa clavifcra, Australis, Caulerpo taxifolia, Halimeda tuna, aaplcniadcb, Jania cuvieri, chemnitzii, Kallymenia, Ceramium (manyvar.undetermined), Laurenti- Gelidium intricatum, filamentosa, cartilaginum, Scytosephon conentarius. corneum, Taonia Bolierii, sesquipedale, TOE-moma perpusillum, amaresii, DIva latissima, rigidum, Valonia mgagrophila, felicinum (Bory.), confervoides ([{m'v.), radicans, macrophysa (Kiitznlg), Gigartina f1abellata (Ag.), Forbesii (Hat·v.), Griffithoia, Vanvoorstia coccinea ~Harv.), Grucilaria confervoides (Ag.)( Vidalia obturiloba, .:'"' coronopifolia (Ag.), Wran~elia pcncillata (Ag.), enchenmoides (Ha,.,).) Zonona. 5 34

REMINISCENCES OF THEATRICALS IN HONOLULU.

BY H. L. S.

U BOLDLY I dare eay, There has been more b:r us in some oue play Laugh'd into wit and virtue, than hath been By twenty tedious lectures drawn from sin And foppish humors: heuce the cause doth rise. Men are not won by the ears so well as eyes." . -Randolph's .Muse's Looking Glass. Previous to the year 1847 there had never been a regular theater in Honolulu. The nearest approach to a public show was an occasional wandering sleight-of-hand performer. I remember one who gave several exhibitions in the Summer of 1846, in an "adobie" building that stood on the corner of Bethel and King streets. His show was supplemented by the doings of a "strong man"-a sailor from an American whaleship in port, who performed the wonderful feat of allowing a large "adobie" to be broken on his breast with a sledge­ hammer. But in the summer of 1847 a Yankee schoolmaster who lutd wandered into the Pacific in a whaler,and who had in his posses­ sion some volumes of the British Drama, persuaded some of the young mechanics and others to form themselves into a company for the purpose of presenting farces and light plays. At first the Object was merely our own amusement and perhaps improvement. SOCIety in this city thirty or more years ago was very thin and very exclusive. Mr. --, the schoolmaster of whom I have spoken (we nicknamed him "Mnemonics," from his pretending to teach the art of memory), undertook to teach us elocution and stage action, but the pupils soon outstripped the teacher. Mr. Charles ..w. Vincent, the house-builder,. in whose employ were several of the company of nascent actors, after seeing some of the performances in private, took a strong and active interest in the enterprise. He leased a good-sized "adobie" building that stood on the southwest corner of Maunakea and King streets, and fitted it up at a considerab~e expense with stage, boxes and pit, and named it "The Thespian." This was opened on Saturday evening, September 11th, 1847. E. D. Byrne, a printer in the Polynesian office, wrote a Prize Address for the occasion, which was delivered by Mr. Vincent. The plnys presented were the melo-drama of "The Adopted Child," and the farce of "Fortune's Frolic." The prices of admission were $1 for the boxes and fifty cents in the pit. The two front box rows were reserved for the ladies. Of those who performed the various parts in this initiation of the drama in Hawaii nei, some are long since dead, some are in for~ eign lands, and but two or three remain here. I will enumerate firs£' those who have gone to join"the great majority on the other side": C...w. Vincent (Tokely), F. W. Thompson (Maddocks), Henry Sea (La Mer), Mr. Chapman (Blomanozoff), H. Macfarlane (Wallack), .John Mitchell (]',Hss Logan). M. R. Harvey (Reddington), J. S. Townsend, and H. L. Sheldon (Quick) are the only members of the original company now alive, so far as I am aware. The Polynesian of September 18th (James Jackson Jarvis, editor) thus notices the opening night: . . "'fhe Thespian commenced its first season in Honolulu on Saturday evening the 11th, according to the 'announcement of the bills. As this is the first attempt at the establishment of a regular theater at HonolulU, our readers may like'to know something about it. The house, which has been fitted up by the enterprise of a few foreign resi­ dents, is on Maunakea street, and can seat seventy-five in the boxes 35 and two hundred in the pit. The box gallery is neatly fitted up with! cushioned seats in slips, and has a separate entrance. The seats in the pit are plain but comfortable. A private box curtained in, on the right just over the stage, is for the use of the Kmgz when he pleases to­ attend.• '1'he scenery is painted by a very good artist in his hne. The drop-scene, representing the (by Wydler), elicited encomiums< from all. The whole fitting up is in good taste, and considering the limited amount of money which prudence dictated to be expended on, for Honolnlu, so novel an undertaking, the general appearance of the theater with the accommodations for spectators must be pro­ nounced as creditable to the taste and enterprise of the originators. The house was crowded to· overflowing before the hour for opening. The King [Kamehameha HL], accompanied by the Premier [, uncle of thej!resent Queen Dowager Emma] and the Minister for Foreign Affa.irs LR. C. Wyllie], arrived soon after 7~ o'clock, and was received with protracted cheering, the orchestra [" Black George" Hyatt with his clarionet and Indian Oliver with his tromboneJ play­ ing "God save the King." * lit -:I' It proved rather a dIfficult matter to turn rough manhood into the delicate and rounded contour of sweet female sixteen, especially with no assistance from the right source at the wardrobe; but the male actors in petticoats, if they left 110 room for the sex they imitated to envy their grace and loveliness, certainly got through their parts to the great amusement and satisfac­ tion of the audience, who were all, we believ!', much gratified with the good order and excellent humor preserved throughout. We must confess that we have never seen so many individuals collected together before in Honolulu who all appeared in so excellent humor with themselves and all around them. The two front box seats were reserved for the ladies." The following Saturday evening the Thespian was again crowded, the play being "The Poor Soldier." Mr. Theodore Shillaber, then a wealthy merchant of Honolulu in the China trade, but now of Cali­ fornia, volunteered to act as prompter on that occasion, and quite forgetful of the diminutive size of the building and the proximity of the stage to the audience, he roared out the entrances of the different characters and their cues so as to be heard all over the house, much to the amusement of the pit and boxes and the disgust of the players. \Vith occasional interruptions of a month or so, performances were given weekly at the Thespian during the Fall and Winter, the com­ pany continning to give great satisfaction, according to the Poly­ nesian. A temperance society was organized among the company, and drew to it large numbers of the foreign residents. It had the somewhat high-sounding title of the "Mechanics' \Vashingtonian Total Abstinence Society," and held its weekly meetings in the pit of the Thespian, the officers and speakers occupying the stage. Judge W. L. Lee gave an address on one occasion, as did the Rev. Dr. Damon and others. . '1'he interest in theatricals had become so strong in the community, that on November 6th an advertisement appeared in the Polynesian, by a "Committee of Arrangements," asking for proposals for a plan for a theater to be erected large enough to accommodate five hundred spectators. From January, 1848, the Thespian was no more heard of._ Sic tra'fl.~it. . On the 18th of March, 1848, it was announced that the stock of the­ new theater was all taken up. The officers of the Association were:: Theodore Shillaber; President; \Villiam Paty, Treasurer; C. G. Hop.. kins, Secretary; E. A. Sauerkrop, F. 'V. Thompson, H. Sea and C. \y. Vincent, Managers. The ground on which stands the Ro~'al 36

Hawaiian Theaterwas purchased by the stockholders, and the building was at once commenced. On th~ 17th of June, 1848, the theater was opened to a full house. Mr. VincentI as manager, delivered the open­ ing address, written for the occasion oy the late John G. l\I[unn. But 1848 was the year of the discovery of gold in California, and t4e fever raged high in Honolulu in the Fall of that year. In an issue of the Polynesian in September there were no less than forty-five notices of intention of departure from the Kingdom, and on the 29th of January there were thirty. Under the statute laws of 1846-8, nobody could leave the Kingdom without giving such public notice or procuring a passport from the Foreign Office. 'fhe foreign population of Honolulu became so spar~e under the effects of the gold fever that the first sea­ son of the new theater was but a short one. It was re-opened on October 14th, and again closed after a short season, when the whalers left. In the FaIl season in those years the harbor had frequently as high as one hundred and fifty vessels in port at one tiine. On January 17th, 1849, the theater was re-opened to an overflowing house, with the Highland Fling, by WaIlack (H. Macfarlane), and the play "She Stoops to Conquer," in which La Mer (H. Sea) and Mrs. ,Bland (C. G. Hopkins) were much applauded. This season was but a short one. It was early in 1849 that a negro minstrel company, en route from Boston to California in a sailing vessel, performed for a. couple of weeks in a wooden building on King stl"eet, near Richard, afterwards occupied by the late Zenas Bent as a carpenter's shop. 'The tenor of the company was named Cushing, hailed from Newburyport, and claimed to be related to the celebrated politician and lawyer, Caleb Cushing. September 22d, 1849, the Royal Hawaiian was re-opened by Sea. & Hopkins, lessees; J. S. Townsend, manager; the latter delivering an opening address written by J. G. Munn. There were songs, a horn­ pipe, and the play of "High Life Below Rtairs," in which some of the old 'Thespians took part, including La Mer and Mrs. Bland. During the Summer of 1853 a new theater, called the" Varieties," a. big sheIl of a wooden structure, was built on King street, on the site now occupied by mechanics' shops. Mr. Foley, formerly in the circus business, was the nominal, if not the actual, proprietor. It opened September 12th, 1853, and had a very good run. In December of that year Mr. J. H. Brown, while playing in this theater, met with an accident, having by a slip of a dagger, inflicted quite a severe wound upon himself. The then weIl-known tragedian, 'Valler, and his wife played an engagement at the "Varieties," of three months, and attracted fuIl houses, during the Spring and Summer of 1854. On the night of the 6th of July, 1855, the history of this house was brought to a close by its being burned to the ground. It was never known how the fire originated. The next in the history of theaters was Buffum's HaIl, originally built for the Good Templars by Dr. Buffum (Who has since died insane in California). After the Good Templars left the haIl, in 1870. it was used first as a place of entertainment by the late 'Valter Montgomery, folIowed by the parlor concerts of the Carandinis; and afterwards fitted up and opened as a theater by Leroy and Madame Duret. It never was a success as a place of popular resort. In the way of circuses, we have also had a full share. .The first on record was Howe's" Olympic," which arrived in December, 18.50, with nine well-trained hor.8es and opened in the then vacant lot opposite the Commercial Hotel. The same year a circus company was organ­ ized in Honolulu, by :Messrs. Groom & 'Vescott, with the late 'V. P. 37

Ragsdale and one Billings as riders. They erected their tent on Nuu· anu Avenue on the Risely premises, corner of Nuuanu Street and Kukui Place, and were having crowded houses when Rowecame along with his" Olympic," and the domestic speculation came to an end. Foley, who afterwards ran the "Varieties" rfhealer, came with a circus company in 1&52. In the Fall of 1855, Long (the clown), in company with Raphael, ,were running a circus on the lot on King street in the rear of a saloon known as "'fhe Fore-top;" and at the same time Lee & Marshall's large and well-appointed com.l?any (Ned Austin as clown and Mrs. Austin as tight-rope performer), together with a full band of music, were doing a large business opposite the Commercial Hotel, at the corner of Nuuanu and Beretania streets. In November, 1856, Rowe & Co., located at the same place, and afterwards removed to the lot now occupied by the English Church, near Emma. Square. . . In the Fall of 1859, 'Vilson's show and menagerie exhibited on the Esplanade, with Omar Kingsley, the great rider. In December, same year, Lee's National Circus. • December, 1860, Dan Rice's show and circus-among the former an elephant, and among the latter Mr. and Mrs. Long, George Peoples and the giant; Mr. Goshen Wilson,. manager. In 1869 Lee was here again with a circus; and in 1871, 'Vilson, with Omar Kingsley, again-and left for San Diego in a chartered brig. Since then ,,'e have had Charles Derby's Royal Hawaiian Circus in 1877; and Luproil's Hawaiian Circus in 1879. Am:ong professional celebrities that have visited Honolulu, we may mention: Stephen C. Massett, 1850, and again in 1878; Kate Hayes, in 1855, gave three concerts in the Court House, tickets $3 each; Lola Montez 1856 but did not perform; Edwin Booth played a short season in the Royai Hawaiian in 1852; Professor Anderson, 1869; Madame Anna Bishop, concerts in Kaumakapili, 1857 and 1868; Charles Backus, Joe Murphy; Charles Matthews, 1874; Madame Ristori, but did not _perform; Signor and Madame Bianci, in opera; Madame Agatha States, in opera; the Carandinis; Walter Montgomery; Professor Hazelmeyer and Madame Cora, in magic; and Ilma di J\Iurska-the last gave a concert in Kawaiahao Church to a crowded audience; Herr Bandman; and last, but not least, our Island nightingale, Miss Annis Montague, with Charles Turner, in concerts at Kawaiahao, 1880. Besides these, we have had lots of the smaller sort of performers­ minstrel companies in profusion; bell-ringers; glass-blowers; the liv­ ing skeleton; ventriloquists; wizards and sleight-of-hand men; musi­ cians; Japanese jugglers' panoramas; lecturers; readers, and almost!' every other species of exhibition. 80 that professional showmen and members of the ,. sock and busldn" fraterlllty who propose coming to Honolulu, will understand that our people, having seen some of the best, will not abide anything that is not, to say the least, very good. The establishment and maintenance of a line of mail steamers between California and the British Colonies of Australia, and the trans-continental railway, have. so facilitated travel between "the ends of the earth," that Honolulu, as a port of call on both the outward and homeward voyages, with -its manifold attractions of climate and scenery, is more than ever liable to the visits of theatrical stars, as well as a good many of the lesser luminaries. For several years past the desirability of having a new, commodious and well­ ventilated public hall for theatricals, concerts, lectures, and public meetings, had been frequently discussed in the press and in private circles, more particularly in view of theincreasing foreign population 38

of the city and its decidedly cosmopolitan character. Butlarge bodies move slowly, and it is somewhat proverbial that entire unanimity ie not to be had in this community on any proposition. Meantime the Chinese, who compose a large proportion of the foreign population of the city, during the Summer of 1879 erected a wooden theater on the Esplanade and opened with a company of performers from California, in the month of September. They had crowded houses for a short time,. of both Celestials and "outside. barbarians" but of course their tragedies, comedies and operas were unintelligible to the latter, although their tumbling was good. After going on for about a year, the hideous din of their orchestra was heard no more, and the establishment, having become a den of opium­ smokers, was raided by the police, and so exit the Chinese Theater. On the 1st of March, 1880, the much-talked-of public hall enterprise culminated at length in an organization under the title of "The Musical Hall Association of Honolulu," which was duly incorporated under the law, with a capital stock of $25,00G-five hundred shares of fifty dollars each. This was subscribed in a short time, and the cor­ poration chose the following officers to serve'one year, or until their successors shall be elected: Samuel G. ·'.vilder, President; H. A. 'Yidemann,'Vice-President; J. A. Hassinger, Secretary; A.1\!c'Wayne, Treasurer. Trustees (also to serve one year, or until their successors are elected): Samuel G. 'Yilder, H. A. 'Videmann, , A. 1\!c'Wayne, A. S. Cleghorn, J. H. Paty, J. A. Hassinger, A. J. Cartwright, 'Vm. G. Irwin. A very eligible lot ,,'as secured for the proposed structure, at the junction of Merchant and King streets, nearly opposite the new palaqe, and separated by a carriageway from the Government House premIses. Ground was broken on the 20th of July, and the work was pushed forward by the Building Committee, Messrs. 'Wilder, Cleghorn and Mc'Wayne, with all possible dispatch, and at the present writing (December) is nearly completed and ready for occupaney. 'fhe building, which is of brick, is 120 feet by 60 feet on the ground floor, and the walls are 40 feet high and 20 inches in thickness at the base and 12 inches at the eaves. The front door is 10 feet in width, opening by four steps into a vestibule 16 by 27 feet, on the right of which is the ticket office and on ,the left stairs leading to the family circle, which will comfortably seat 154 persons. Beyond this is the dress circle, with seats for 214; and thence on a gradual descent, is the parquette, 120 seats. The entrance to the gallery (183 seats) is on the north side of the building. Thus the house will comfortably seat 671 persons. 'Ye say comfortably-because ample room has bcen afforded for sitters (three feet six inches between each), and the parquette and dress circle are provided with opera chairs. There are two larg!J exits ·on the lower floor of the house, besides the main one in front, and a large one for the upper portion of the house-wise provisions in view of the possibilities of a fire. Ventilation, so necessary in any climate, but imperative here, has been amply provided for. '{'his is secured by means of 16 feet domes, one in the center of the auditorium and one back of the gallery; besides.which cool air is admitted through iron ~ratings beneath each window and by the perforated cornices. There IS a retiring room in each corner of the dress circle. On the pros­ cenium are two private boxes, one especially reserved and fitted up for the King and . The stage IS 40 feet deep, and is pro­ vided with a full set of scenery, traps, and all the neces!:lary parapher­ nalia, the scenery being painted by Mr. 'V. T. Porter, a first-class American artist in that line, and the stage fittings in charge of :Mr. Stephen Gulliver, who has had forty years' experience. The par- 39

quette, in connection with the stage, can be turned into a ball room 80 feet deep. Beneath the stage is the green-room (easily turned int~ It supper room on occasion), 32 by 42 feet, with six dressing rooms three on each side, besides toilet rooms and water-closets. The whol~ is well lighted with gas. . The "Musical Hall" of Honolulu is a tangible proof of the enter­ prise and public spirit of our citizens, is an ornament and an honor to' the city, and in the perfection and the completeness of the details' reflects great credit on the ability and the industry of the gentlemen composing the Building Committee.

GAME LAWS AND GAME OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS., PREPARED FOR THE HAWAUAN ALlllANAC AND ANNUAL.

As the game laws of this country are but little understood, even by many of our own residents, and as strangers, haVing a few days to spend in town, wishing to enjoy a little"sport," are liable by a trans­ gression of the same to be placed in an awkward situation, it is deemed proper that a portion of our space should be devoted to an epitome of the laws as they now stand; and as intimately connected therewith, a few remarks upon the game which the country affords may be considered quite appropriate. . Persons wishing to shoot game within the Kona district) are required by law to pay a license of five dollars per annum; ana such as are' found violating the law, are lia.ble to a fine of fifty dollars for each offense. The Kona district includes Honolulu Town, and is bounded by Moanalua, Maunalua, and the mountains between, which bisect the Island at this, its southeasterly portion. 'l'he law applies no farther, and no license is required to carry fire-arms for sporting ~ur­ poses in'any uther part of the Kingdom. This license, however, gIves no privilege to shoot game that is otherwise tabu, as has been erro· neously supposed by sorile. The birds which the law protects are: All insectivorous birds of foreign importation; the" kolea, or ploverj" the "long-legged, or stilt " (kukuluaio); and the "lesser pied plover, or akeke."· Foreign-imported birds (insectivorous) are protected by a fine, of ten dollars to anyone "killing, snaring, or trapping" them,. regardless of time or season; while with the plover and the other­ mentioned birds, the law is applicable only during a stated portion of the year, extending from the 1st of August to the end of April, the. fine for killing either of which is one dollar. This law, if enforced,.. would virtually amount to a total prohibition against the destrucqon . of these' birds, as during the .time of prohibition there are scarcely any to be found, the entire period being occupied by their migrations; at least this is so of the golden plover and the akeke, or dunlin, the' most numerous and most prized of the family. But the law has so long remained a dead letter, that there are few who are aware even of its existence; and it would be an injustice if, at this period, any prose·'

prodigious numbers in certain !Jlaces, has long been allowed; and the same remarks as have been made in regard to the shooting of ploverB apply equally here. Of ducks, there are three or four varieties, including teal, which, however, are very rare, the common native wild duck being the most numerous; their habitat is ferny or boggy places, especially such as abound in aquatic plants. But the haunts of this much-prized game are daily being more and more circumscribed by the progressive absorption of our marshes and taro-lands for the purpose of rice­ culture, a growing industry, with scarcely an exception, entirely in the hands of the Chinese. By the presence of laborers in the fielqs, and the incessant discharges of fire-arms for the purpose of scaring away granivorous birds from the rice, the wild duck is most effectually being driven away from his usual places of resort; especially is this so \ of Waikild, Manoa, Kalihi, and Ewa, near town; and the sportsman may now look in vain for a brace, where a few years since he might have found them by the dozen. . During the month of August our shores are visited by vast numbers of what are commonly known here as the "nor'west ducks," being common to the waters of more northerly latitudes, and which, after spending their winter here migrate again to the north, their migra­ tions synchronizing with the migrations of the . These birds are. extensively gregarious, and are seldom seen excepting in large flocks often numbering hundreds or even thousands, their usual places of resort being the sea shore-either in the still bays or the large fish­ ponds along the coast. Curlew, although not plentiful, are yet to be found in certain places, and are perhaps more numerous on the Island of l\folokai than else­ where. Their most common feeding grounds on this Island are the flats between Kalihi and Moanalua, and at Ewa; they are also occa­ sionally to be met with at Koko Head. Coots,or mUd-hens, are plentiful in all the mamhes throughout the Islands; but owing to the absence of flavor in their flesh, and the toughness of their tegumentary covering] which requires removal in order to fit them for cooking, they are but little esteemed by the sportsman. Hawaiian geese, birds indigenous and peculiar to this Archipelago, are to be found on the mountains of Hawaii, and are numerous in the vicinity of Mauna Loa. Imported quail have multiplied rapidly on most of the Islands; and on this Island may be found in considerable numbers in the monntains of Waianae, and at Halemanu and 'Va­ hiawa. Among other imported birds esteemed as game may be mentioned: pheasants and stock-doves, the latter of which make the town echo with their cooing at early morn. The former-mentioned birds are breeding fast on the ranch of H. R. H. Keelikolani, on Mololmi; the1;e are some also at Kahuku and Malaekahana (the property of ].{r. James Campbell), on this Island, and were originally imported by Mr. Moffitt, the former owner of the Kahuku Estate. A. C. S.

The article on Marine Disasters at the Hawaiian Islands from the earliest discoveries tothe present time, we are obliged to defer till our next issue. 41

VISIT TO THE CRATER OF KILAUEA.

A Personal Narrative of a Trip During the Summer of 1880.

WRITTEN FOR THE ALMANAC AND ANNUAL. It seems of little use to try to describe a trip to the crater of Kilauea, since words fail to express the grandeur of the scene, or its desolate appearance, its fires, the boiling and surging of the molten masses, its intense heat and wonderful powers. Like many others before us, we arrived at Hilo with the intention of visiting the home of the Goddess Pele, and our party of four mounted horses in early morning, starting off from town tn a pouring rain, for the frequency of which that part of the island is noted. After a scramble of eight or nine hours up­ hill and down dale, over slippery lava flows of known and unknown dates, through splendid tropical fern forests, impenetrable except by trail, we reached the Volcano House at 5.30 P. III., wet through and tired, having stopped only at the half-way house for rest and refresh­ ments. Here we found a courteous host, and a roaring fire in an old­ fashioned but very smoky fire-place, around which we ()rowded and steamed away to our hearts' content and bodily comfort. . Before retiring, and after our clothes had ceased to steam, we strolled out on the verandah, and before us and nearly at our feet obtained our first view of the volcanoha scene we never shall forget, with its fires so bright and vivid. W en we first arrived the low-hanging clouds had hidden it but now they had lifted and the darkness of the night brought out tiIe brilliancy III strong relief, the heavens being lighted as by some vast conflagration. Sometimes it would nearly die out and a moment later flash forth in greater splendor. To the right of' the main illumination were numerous smaller fires, caused by lava flows on the more level portion of the crater, bursting forth with vivid flashes; they would grow dimmer as it cooled off, only to break forth again in some other quarter. Sometimes the regularity of the' lights made it seem as if we were looking down into some large city­ with its myriads of street-lamps; then again, it would change seem-­ ingly into a train of cars, the head-light of the engine being larger and brighter than the smaller lights in the balance of the train. We could, in fact, imagine all manner of things as the forms and bril­ liancy of the fires changed position and density. The next day was very pleasant. We arose early, feeling muc~ refreshed, ate a good breakfast, and with our guide and sticks set out, for the crater, the brink of which was only fifty or sixty feet from the house, and which, had we known it the night before, might have made us restless; but "where ignorance is bliss," etc. The first view we had of Kilauea in daylight was somewhat strik-; ing. Below us at a depth of six hundred feet was a great black looking field of lava distorted into every conceivable shape, amI: Which might be likened to an ice gorge in the northern rivers, only.. black in color. After making the descent by a steep and zig-zag path, passing the­ marble cross on the spot where Mr. Houlder died of heart disease in· August of 1879-which, by the way, would make one of weak nerves shaKe somewhat as an introduction to the trip-we reached the lav:a and commenced a two-mile pedestrian tour over loose slag and scoria to the new lake which has been rec!;lntly formed from a small blow-· hole. Long before we reached it we could see the smoke and heat rising, and as we approached could feel it also, both with feet and, faces; for the heat and sulphurous fumes were issuing from too many 6 , 42 cracks in the lava,causing us to make rapid steps and occasional long jumps; but at length reaching the edge of the lake, its grandeur burst suddenly upon us. Below us some seventy or eighty feet was a lake of molten lava, boiling and bursting up to a height of thirty or forty feet, enclosed in a circular wall some eight hundred feet in diameter. In three or four places near the center the molten mass was boiling, splashing, burst­ ing wildly, while near the walls eruptions were taking place with great fury, the waves of lava surging from side to side and breaking nnder our feet. Now they would die down only to be renewed again and again to follow in the same burning track. At times the mass would separate in the center, showing a red fiery river through the black sea of lava, when in a great wave would rush only to dash up against the sides and be hurled madly back again like the angry beating of the ocean's waves against the cliffs. The wind would sometimes catch the fine lava as it was thrown upwards into the air and spin it into"Pele's hair," so called, which resembles spun glass and which would be borne by the breeze against the frowning walls, ancI over them on to the surrounding lava field. Here we stood for an hour on the brink of this lake of fire watching it in all its changeful moods. Sometimes it would be very quiet for a spell, then suddenly break forth again in great fury and force, while we, chained to the spot by the magnificence of the scene, were under­ going a process of alternate toasting and cooling, the cool, refreshing breeze on the one hand furnishing one medium, the heat from the burning lake on the other hand providing the other. On noticing the gapping fissures near and around us-we being between them and the lake-and reviewing our situation, we were somewhat forcibly struck with the idea that it would be well to see some of the other wonders of the crater. Not that we were at all fearful. , Oh no ! for the guide had just comforted us with the informa­ tion that, since the preceding Sunday, over one hundred feet of the brink had fallen in, making the lake that much larger; and the trembling of the place on which we stood was a powerful argument in urging us to proceed with our explorations. And we went, a sigh of relief escaping us when we found ourselves at a safe distance. The guide said that the new lake was the most dangerous place in the crater, and we were glad to get away from it. After another pleasant (?) ramble over broken lava, leaping from one cake to another, carefully avoiding the holes and bubbles, we came to the old crater of Halemaumau, and descended a nearly per­ pendicular cliff of eighty feet over loose, jagged lava rocks, expecting every minute to get a fall, or a hit on our heads from a stone loosened by those in the rear; but we arrived safely at the bottom with a few contusions occasioned by the sharp stones. Here we found "Madam Pele" very mild in comparison with the place just left, although she was grumbling and splurging considerably. After getting our breath, we scrambled out again. From here we traveled up an easy trail along a perfect river of old lava about twenty feet wide and half a mile long, to view the south lake; and, as we were to the leeward of it, had the full benefit of a good dose of sulphur smoke, which came so suddenly upon us as to nearly stifle us. 'Ve thought ,ve had found a lucifer match factory <' inJull blast. 'Ve left this locality in a hurry, and it was some time before we could get a full breath again; but we finally got out all right, inflated our lungs with purer air and started for the north side of the crater. For the first time, we now had a good. view of our surroundings. 43 Here we were penned up in a crater or immense well some three by five miles in diameter, with towering perpendicular walls from six hundred to one thousand feet on all sides of uo; under our feet was lava black and ragged, and twisted and turned in every conceivable shape; smoke was issuing from numerous cracks and openings and intense heat was emitted by flowing lava which had no visible outlet. Our feelings may perhaps be considered to have been pleasant. They were not. ' Our guide now grew facetious and thought to playa joke on us-a decidedly practical one, too-as,without a word of warning (we trust­ ing him implicitly because we couldn't help it), he led us over a recent flow of lava which had partially cooled on the surface, and which was black like that around. But the red-hot kind was still flowing below, and in a very short time we perceived the point of the joke, and commenced to dance rather lively, as our feet were nearly blistered by the intense heat, so we started for the cold lava without waiting for the guide to lead the way. . The lava cools on the surface very quickly on coming in contact with the air, but inside remains in an incandescent state for some time, when the crust is strong but very hot. 'Ye did not know it then, but we do now. , ' By this time we had become somewhat accnstomed to our strange position and grew bolder, and approached a place where we could see the lava flowing. 'Ve found it hot enough to make its presence felt, and halted to partake of the lunch that had been provided for us, which we did heartily, and while eating, watched the flow, ready at any moment to travel in light order, and quickly too, in case it made a break towards us. Onemi~ht imagine that it would flow rapidly, but unless over a declivity It does not; for, as before stated, it cools quickly on the surface, while the inner and molten mass will push through first in one direction, then in another, working its way in a winding course as best it can. No one can tell when or where it is likely to break out; consequently we watched closely for any indica­ tions, ready at any moment to change base. 'Vhile lunching we divided the time in getting coin specimens, which make a pretty memento of the visit, but found it difficult to get one out whole, as the lava is very brittle. \Ve made them by getting a lump of red-hot lava on a stick and working coins into it, keeping them in their places by turning up the edges of the lava and letting them cool; for although it looks black, it is still very hot, and continues so for a long time. Some, in fact, have to leave their specimens and preserve themselves on account of some sudden flow taking place. Having finished our lunch, and being well toasted ourselves, we began our return journey over the desolate and black-looking mass towards the high wall and place of our descent. After a long, difficult and tiresome climb, we at last reached the top and the Volcano House, very much exhausted after our jaunt of six or seven hours, covering a distance of twelve or fourteen miles, and it seemed pleas­ ant to be in comparative safety again. \Ve say comparative, because all around the house the steam issues from immense seams and cracks; but still the danger is not so imminent as below, where one does not know at what time an outbreak may be expected. During the evening we amused ourselves in looking over the reg­ isters of the house, in which nearly every visitor writes that "he arrived" at a certain hour, after a certain kind of a trip-from Hilo generally. Some report having had fine weather, but the majority of them bad. 'l'he specimens of wit are of all, classes-good, bad, and' inditferent·-and the various handwritings are a study. Some of the 5

44

sketches of incidents which transpired on the journey up were very amusing and well-executed; and a perusal of the books well repays one for the time occupied, though some vandals have cut out leaves, either whole or in part, making it very aggravating to the reader. . A quarter of a mile below the house is a fine sulphur bank, where one can occasionally find beautiful specimens of crystals, though the • labor in getting them is great, as the steam is constantly rising and the ground is quite hot. A new place for sulphur bathing has been prepared which is said to take away the effects of lameness and fatigue; but the memory of the day's experience was so vivid we declined to try it, having had enough for one day. . The next mor.ning bright and early our breakfast was eaten with the sauce of a good appetite; after which, our horses being saddled and brought to the door, we started on the return trip, bidding adieu to bur courteous host and arriving at Hilo at 5 P. lII., tired and lame after the three days' pilgr~mage. We were saluted on our arrivai with an earthquake, a proceeding of nature which is not frequent here, considering the great powers working within so short a distance. .. The ride from HHo to the volcano, a distance of thirty miles over a very rough road to one unaccustomed to the saddle, will be found It trying one; the iava being so ragged and slippery in places and the pathway so steep that, unless your animal be a sure-footed one, it is It 'severe trial on weak nerves. And after the journey is accomplished the average traveler or tourist will be only too glad to enjoy the hospitality of the courteous host of the Volcano House. The present Volcano House, a one-story frame building, fifty feet in length and twenty-five in width, with a spacious verandah extending along the side facing the crater, replaces the grass structure of former years, and is built a little to the south of the old site. The accommodations are good-much better than one would expect to find where everything has to be packed such a distance from the coast on the backs of horses and mules. 'rhe courtesies extended to our party both at HHo and the Volcano House will ever be gratefully remembered by . T.B.K.

CAUSES OF THE PECULIARITY OF HAWAIIAN CLIMATE.

BY JU:V. 8. ]C. BIsnop.

Visitors to these Islands usually find two things in our climate that are new to their experience. One is the extreme uniformity of average temperature, day after day. 'While in the Eastern United States cold and hot waves of tem­ perature rapidiy succeed each other, and the thermometer will be one day in the nineties, and the next in the thirties, here the breezes come tempered with almost the same warmth, and for month after month one day is no hotter and no colder than another. The other peculiarity is the very moderate warmth of our Islands. Full tropic heat is almost unknown. One can almost· always find It . cool place if there is shade and a breeze. Many men wear dark and warm clothing the year through. The pith hat, the pajamas and the 45 puggarees of the real tropics are here uncalled for, save as luxuries, not necessities.. . In the combination of these two peculiarities, I believe our climate is unique-unmatched by any other place in the world. Many another island in the midst of wide tropic seas enjoys a similar uniformity} like 'rahiti or Jamaica; but they wilt in excessive heat. Other lamts enjoy equal and greater average coolness by reason of greater distance from the equator, but receive cold blasts and occa~ sional frosts from neighboring realms of 'Vinter. In our gentle 'Vinter, while in chill mornings we find our mercury even as low as in the fifties, we never approach·to frost-so that here the palm, the pandanus, the banana are at home, true children of the tropics. And yet it is cool enough for one species of the peach, and on the uplands for the strawberry and the raspberry to be indigenous. 'Ve are abso­ lutely ignorant of the broiling days and melting nights of a New York or Washington Summer. We do not know the torrid heats of the West Indies, the South Seas, the or the Sundas, where the mercury for half the year never finds 80 0 -where every artifice must be used for coolness-where exertion is impossible during mid day, and all life seems to slumber in the excessive sunbath. Here the white man easily labors all day long through the hottest .season, a fact unknown in any other land within the tropics. We have daily seen without a thought of surprise white carpenters and masons at work on buildings every day' and all day through the past month of August. . 'Vhat are the causes. of these very agreeable peculiarities of the Hawaiian climate, its moderation, and its uniformity? Our uniformity of climate in common with other islands in mid­ ocean, we owe to the tempering power upon the air of the wide ocean spaces surrounding us. 'rhe air currents coming to us from the cold and hot waves of the continental spaces must pass for several days over many thousand miles of sea of uniform temperature. The sea determines the temperature of the air. It fences us from Arctic blasts, and equally from torrid siroccos. 'The same condition of a protecting ocean expanse occurs in the South Pacific, and secures a .like uniformity of climate. 'rahiti and Samoa are reached by the trade winds only after passing an enormous breadth of ocean, 5000 and 6000 miles to our 2500. And within 2500 miles south of them are the vast flotillas of ice drifting down from the Antarctic continent of glaciers. Yet their sea comes to them at a temperature of 80 0 and upwards, while the air is heavy iaden with moisture. Drenching rains are often falling, and verdure rankly covers the land all the J'ear with a iuxury unknown in Hawaii. Not only in the tropic islands of the South Pacific in latitude nearly corresponding with ours, but aiso in Strong's Island, and Bonabe1 west of us, the climate is warm and moist, like that of the East anu West Indies. Owing to the comparative coldness of the seas around us, and to the northeast, from whence our prevailing winds come, our climate is exceptionally dry, and often arid. The air currents coming southward gain heat faster than the waters they pass over. 'rhey gain capacity for carrying moisture faster than the chill sea can supply it by evaporation. Hence our trade winds are seldom saturated-they bring few clouds. They have little rain to . spare us! only as our sky-lifting peaks shoulder them back and wring out their scanty waters by pressure and coldness. So, while the easterly coasts gain a moderate supply, our remaining lands are in continuous drought, with air balmy,but dry: Another most favorable peculiarity of our gracious climate is our 46 total exemption from the. destructive cyclones which prevail else­ where within the tropics. The vast breadth of the Pacific exempts its islands generally from the extreme forms of hurricane experienced in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans, and justify its name Pacific. The Navigator and Fiji Islands are, however, subjected to terrific cyclones. Our exemption is unquestionably due to the moderate temperature of sea and air. Tempests are the throes of nature to restore equili­ brium between heated areas and coldness near them. 'rhe cold airs of British America, and the hot winds of the Caribbean meet and pro­ duce tremendous disturbances of equilibrium, and cyclones form and go whirling along the West Atlantic, their centers rending to bits whatever they strike. . Here, with air and water seldom far from 70 0 , with no continental desert near, to mass the tropic heat, and no vast Arctic glacier space to mass the cold near us, there is little provocation to tempests. In the South Pacific how different are the conditions. 'rhere the ocean waters coming from the equator with a heat of above 80 0 , and the air at the same or higher. Then within 2500 miles are the ice flotillas of the Antarctic, chilling the sea and air to 50 0 or 60 0 below the tropical temperature. The vicinity of extremes is too close-the contrast of temperatures too great and sudden. Hence the hurricanes of the South Pacific, unknown to us. ' 'Ve have, so far, traced our unique climate to one single and peculiar condition in which we differ from any other region within the tropics. That is the singularly low temperature of our ocean water. our seas are cooler by a full average of ten degrees than any ocean region at the same distance from the equator, in any other part of the world. By this, we are protected from hurricanes. To this, we owe our climate: so sweet, salubrious, agreeable, uniform, yet cool and dry. But why is our ocean temperature here in the twentieth degree of latitude so low as an average of 70 0 , and why so much higher every­ Where else in the same latitude? . In some measure, no doubt, this is due to a strong surface current fiowing hither from the northelist, driven by the trade winds. '1'his current often brings to our shores numbers of uprooted trees and saw-logs from the Columbia River, which its freshets have delivered to the ocean. It is probably a return current from the Kuro-slwa or gulf stream of the Pacific, which carries the equatorial waters past China and Japan, and sweeps across the North Pacific, leaving there its warmth, and returning on its cir­ cuit with northern coolness. 'rhis, however, cannot be an adequate cause for our peculiar coldness of ocean wateri else we ought to·find a similar coldness in the waters of the eastern part of every ocean within the tropics. Especially should this be the case on the southwest coasts of Africa and Aus­ tralia, where the return currents have come direct from the great Antarctic ice wall, and its scattered drift of icebergs. Our gulf stream meets no icebergs in its northern sweep-yet our waters are cold, and theirs are warni. 'Vhy this differeuce ? . " 'rhe real cause seems to have been unravelled by Dr. Carpenter in his discussions of the deep-sea explorations of the Challenger. Most of us are doubtless aware that a few years since Dr; 'Vyville 'rhomson I and other experts in science conducted for three years an exploration of the deeper parts of the different oceans. They measured the depths. They dredged for the inhabitants of those depths. They ascertained the temperatures of the water at different depths wher- ever soundings were taken. It was from the records of those tem­ peratures that Dr. Carpenter deduced the theory of the great move- ments of the cold and warm waters of the ocean which alone 47

satisfactorily explains our problem. The name of Dr. Carpenter than which for nearly a generation no other has ranked higher iIi physical science, is sufficient guaranty of the value of his theory. We have to consider what is the normal movement of the great masses of the ocean waters upon the largest scale. We leave out of view the mere surface currents, like the Gulf Stream and the great Equatorial Current, however notable, as having a very partial effect in comparison with the vast, steady, but hidden, movements of the great ocean masses. To state the outlines of Dr. Carpenter's theory so as to be readily comprehended, take a trough (A B Cl, say ten feet long and one foot deep, filled with water lH 60 o. , ;:w- .... Q ~ ~

~

A B c .., In the two ends of the trough (A and C) place blocks of ice. Through the surface of the center (B) pass a coil of pipe filled with hot steam. This will represent an ocean like the Atlantic, open continuously from pole to pole. At each end are the ice masses. At the equator is the torrid sun-heat. Now what happens to the water in our trough? The ice at onCe cools the water at the extremities to 32 0 • The hot coil raises the surface water at the center towards the boiling point. A rapid circu­ lation is set up through the entire length and depth of the whole body of water. The chilled water at A and C, being heavier, sinks. The warm water at B flows to A and C to fill the void. This movement pushes the cold water along the bottom from A and C towards B. At B the two bottom currents meet, and· push each other upward. At the surface the cold water meets the hot pipes, is heated, and returns along the surface to the extremities. Thus IS established a continuous circulation in two circuits, of warm water f'om. the center on the surface to each end, and of cold water along the bottom from each end to the center. Now, the deep-sea soundings of the Challenger appear to show that the great mass movements of the waters of the Atrantic Ocean pre­ cisely correspond to this. The evidence is mainly this: In every part of the ocean below 1500 fathoms the water is at about 35 0 , or nearly ice-cold. Above that depth the temperature slowly rises. Now, when you find ice-water under the tropics, we think it must have flowed there from the Polar seas, for we know that the earth­ 'depths are hot, and the sea-depths ought to be warm, unless they are constantly replenished with ice-water from the poles. But a most significant fact clinches the proof. It is this: In the vicinity of the equator, the temperature of 35 0 , to find which everywhere else outside of the Polar circles you must descend 1500 fathoms, is found at only 500 fathoms below the surface. That is, under the very center of heat, we find ice-water nearest to the surface. 'What does this mean? 'Vhy plainly, that two vast cold currents from the poles are meeting below, and are forcing each other up to the surface. Such being the evidence in support of Dr. Carpenter's theory, observe what will be the effect on the climates of islands in latitudes

.* 48 like Hawaii and Cuba and Tahiti. A vast set of ocean water from the equator carries to them the torrid heats. Their seas will range in temperature above 800. Their atmosphere will be surcharged with the moisture evaporated by the heated ocean, which the colder trade winds will condense in frequent rains. Thus we have the hot, damp climate of the West Indies and the South Sea Islands. \Vhy? Because their sea-water flows to them from the heated equator. But why then is it not the same with Hawaii? To explain this, let us return again to our diagram of the trough. I represent it in a second figure, where at DI show a partition which cuts off the ice at C from communication with the rest of the trough. o

A B D C This represents the conditions in which the Pacific Ocean differs from the Atlantic. The Pacific is closed at the north by Alaslm and Kamschatka, which closely meet, leaving only the narrow shoal of Behring's Strait, whiCh is of no account. The Atlantic is open at both ends to the Polar seas, while the Pacific is open only to the Antarctic ice, and is cut off from the Arctic. Now, what must take place in the trough when the influence of the ice at C is cut off by the partition D? Why, there is no chilling of, the water at the C or Arctic end, to make it sink, and hence no draft of warm water from B to C. The whole draft from the equator (B) is to the Antarctic end (A). More than this, the cold water pushed on from behind meets no counter-flow at B from the Arctic (C), to com­ pel it to ascend. It has no natural tendency to rise, being heavy. Hence it flows on until it meets the barrier (D). Then it is compelled to find room above, pushes up, and flows back to B as a coldcurrent on the surface. . Now the temperature soundings of. the Challenger in the Pacific have shown this remarkable fact: Everywhere under the equator the ice-water is reached at the same uniform depth of 1500 fathoms as in other parts of the ocean. It is not found rising to within 500 fathoms of the surface as it does in the Atlantic. This seems to prove that the Pacific Ocean flow is precisely that shown in our second diagram. The vast mass of equatorial water flows southhstrikes the Antarctic ice, then flows along the ocean depths throug the entire length of the Pacific until it reaches the·great barrier of the Aleutian chain, which arrests its farther progress. Itthen rises to the surface an ice­ cold current and flows southward, gradually gaining heat from the sun, but still cool until it has crossed the line. Thus it is that Hawaiian seas are continually replenished from the cold seas of the north! while our sister isles of the south receive the torrid heats of the' ine. The mighty continental glacier of the Antarctic is not far from them, but cold comes not to them, but to us after traversing the depths of the whole Pacific. . It follows from this solution of our problem, that were Alaska, r Kamschatka, and the Aleutian chain to be sunken 2000 fathoms deep so as to open the Pacific to the Arctic, the ocean set of the North Pacific would be reversed, and the climate of Hawaii would become full-tropical. "'iVe will hope that such a catastrophe will not soon occur. Alaska is of high value to us, if not to the United States. 49

It may well have been, however, that ten thousand years ago, when ice predominated at the north and was at its minimum in the Antarc~ tic, that the northern ice cap extended well into the Pacific, and past the Aleutians. If such were the case, then Hawaii must at that time have had a full-tropical climate, with its heats and its perpetual rains. ·Why, it may be asked, do not the islands of Micronesia two and three thousand miles away from us, and which are north of the line, experience a like mitigation of torrid heat with ourselves from the same cause? We know that they are warm and wet. The reason doubtless is that so far mid-ocean, the great equatorial surface current has attained full breadth and force, as it has not done here, and cuts off from the surface the massive and deep ocean-set from the north. This equatorial current is heated, and gives to Bonabe its torrid climate. The effect of such a climate as ours upon the well-being of society calls for careful estimation.

APPROPRIATION BILL FOR THE BIENNIAL PERIOD ENn­ ING MARCH 31st, 1880.

CIVIL LIST. His Majesty's Privy Purse and Royal State.~ $45,000 00 HeJ: l\Iajesty the Queen :. 10,000 00 Her Royal Highness the Heir Presumptive.~...... 10,000 00 Her Royal Highness the Princess ...... 8,000 00 His Majesty's Chamberlain and Secretary.. ~ ; 5,000 00 His Majesty's Household Expenses ; ; 16,000 00 Expenses of His Majesty's Coronation ;..... 10,000 00 $104,000 00 PERlIIANENT SETTLEUEJITS. Her l\Iajesty Queen Emma $16,000 00'· His Excellency P. Kanoa...... 2,400 00' l\Iethusela l\Iahuka. 600 00 Henry S. Swinton :...... 600'00 .$19,600 00 LEGISLATURE AND PRIVY COUNCIL, ,Expenses of Legislature, 1880 : $20,000 O(l Secretary Privy Council...... 200 00 Incidentals Privy Council...... 100 00 $20,300 00 JUDICIARY DEPARTMENT. Salary of Chief Justice and Chancellor $12,000 00 Salary of First Associate...... 10,000 00 Salary of Second Associate...... 10,000 00 Salary of Clerk Supreme Court 5,000 00 Salary of Assistant Clerk and Librarian...... 3",800 00 Salary of Intepreter Supreme and Police Courts.... 3,600 00 Salary of Circuit Judge, 2nd Judicial Circuit :. 4,,000 00 Traveling Expenses of do...... 200 00 Salary of Circuit Judges, 3rd Judicial Circuit...... 4,000 00 Salary of Circuit Judge of~Kauai...... 3,000 00 Salary of Police Justice of. Honolulu m. 4.800 00 7 . 50

Salary of Police Justice of Hilo $ 2,000 00 Salary of Police Justice of Lahaina...... 1,600 00 Salary of Police Justice of Wailuku 2,00000 Salary of District JUdge, North Hilo...... 800 00 Salary of District Judge, Puna, HawaiL...... 800 00 Salary of District Judge, Kau. HawaiL...... 1,000 00 Salary of District Judge, North Kona, Hawaii...... 600 00 Salary of District Judge, South Kona, Hawaii...... 600 00 (If one Judge for the two districts, then $1,000.) Salary of District Judge, North Kohala, Hawaii . 1,000 00 Salary of District Judge, South Kohala, Hawaii .. 80000 Salary of District Judge, Hamakua, Hawaii · 800 ()(} Balance of salary of ditto due and unpaid .. 30000 Salary of District JUdge, Honuaula, MauL . 600 00 Salary of District JUdge, Makawao, MauL . 1,000 00 Salary of District Judge, Hana and Kaupo, MauL .. 800 00 Salary of District JUdge, Island of Lanai .. 600 00 Salary of District JUdge, MolokaL ,.. 800 00 Traveling expenses of ditto .. 5000 Salary of District Judge, Ewa and 'Vaianae, Oahu .. 800 00 Salary of District Judge, Waialua. Oahu .. 600 00 Salary of District Judge! Koolauloa, Oahu . 600 00 (If one Judge for the aistricts of 'Vaialua and Koolauloa, then $900.) .. Salary of District JUdge, Koolaupoko, Oahu . 1,000 ()(} Salary of District Judge, Hanalei, KauaL . 800 00 Salary of District JUdge, Kawaihau, KauaL .. 80000 Salary of District JUdge, Lihue, KimaL .. SOO 00 Salary of District Judge, Koloa, KauaL .. 800 ()() Salary of District Judgez Waimea, KauaL . 800 ()(} Salary of Clerk 2nd JudICial Circuit . 400 00 Salary of First Clerk 3rd Judicial Circuit . 300 00 Salary of Second Clerk 3rd Judicial Circuit . 300 00 . Balance of salary of ditto due and unpaid . 3750 Salary of Clerk 4th Judicial Circuit .. 300 ()(} Expenses of Supreme Court .. 2,300 ()(} Expenses of witnesses in criminal cases in the Supreme and Circuit Courts :: . 300 00 Expenses of 2nd Judicial Circuit .. 1,800 00 Expenses of 3rd Judicial Circuit .. 1,80000 Expenses of 4th Judicial Circuit .. 800 ()(} .Purchase of Law Books : ~, .. 500 00 Stationery and Incidentals for allthe Courts .. 1,200 00 Translating, printing and binding the Hawaiian Reports · 3,000 ()(} $96,58750 DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS. Salary of l\Iinister $12.000 00 Salary of Secretary :...... 5,000 00 Office expenses, Foreign Agents...... 3,100 00 Postage and Incidentals.. 2,000 00 Expenses of Foreign·Missions...... 6,00000 Salary of Minister Resident at 'Vashington 10,000 00 Relief and return of indigent Hawaiians from abroad :. 1,500 ()(} 8alarr.of l\Iessenger .- : :...... 600 00 Salaryof Copying Clerk...... 600 ()(} I)urchase of Decorations ; :...... 1,500 00 Education of Hawaiian Youths in Foreign Countries 15,000 00 51

Safe for Foreign Office Department :..: $ 500 00 King's Guards 31,847 35 Band, Flags, Salutes and Incidentals 31,425 65 Aid to Volunteer Military Companies 12,000 00 $133,100 00 . INTERIOR DEPARTMENT; Salary of l\Iinister $12,000 00 Salary of Clerks :. 13,400 00 Salary of Governor of Oahu...... 3,600 00 Salary of Governor of l\Iaui...... 3,600 00 Salary of Governor of KauaL..... 3,600 00 Salary of Governess of Hawaii...... 3,600 00 Salary of Clerk, Governor of Oahu...... 800 00 Salary of Clerk, Governor of MauL.... 1,600 00 Salary of Clerk, Governor of KauaL...... 1,000 00 Salary of Clerk, Governess of Hawaii...... 1,600 '00 Salary of Jailor of Oahu Prison...... 3,600 00 Salary of 'Water Superintendent and Clerk of MarkeL...... 3,000 00 Salary of Clerk to Supt. 'Water Works and Clerk of Market 2,000 00 Markets at Lahaina, Hilo, and "'ailuku, $2,000 each...... 6,000 00 Salary of Road Supervisor of Kona, Oahu...... 2,400 00 Salary of Superintendent of Public Works:...... 6,000 00 Salary of Postmaster GeneraL...... 5,000 00 Salary of Clerks Post Office...... 10,000 00 Pay of Postmasters.. 5,000 00 Pay of l\Iail Carriers...... 15,100 00 Incidentals to Post Office :...... 5,000 00 Telephone Station...... 1,300 00 Pay of Road Supervisors :.... 8,000 00 Pay of Keeper of Royal Mausoleum...... 600 00 Expenses of Royal Mausoleum...... 250 00 Pay of Keeper of LunaIilo Mausoleum...... 400 00 Balance due Keeper of 's 'l'omb...... 133 00 Pay of Janitor Aliiolani Hale and Messengers Int. De}Jt..... 1,875 00 Incidentals Interior Department ,..... 2,000 00 Copying Records Land Commission to complete same...... 3,900 00 Purchase of Road Stock...... 2,000 00 Road Damages...... 8,000 00 Roads and Bridges throughout the Kingdom 175,000 00 Leper Settlement...... 85,000 00 For cure of lepers to be paid at rate of $200 for each cured... 20,000 00 Medical Supt. Leper Settlement, for services rendered...... 1,000 00 Resident Physicians ;.... 26,000 00 General Expenses Board of Health :.. 20,000 00 Branch Hospitals...... 40,000 00 Repairs and care of Quarantine Buildings...... 2,500 00 Store House at Kahului...... 2,000 00 Insane Asylum, including repairs 15,000 00 Aid to Queen's Hospital...... 21,000 00 GovernmentSu1'\·w 40.000 00 Government PrintIng...... 3,000 00 Printing and binding index of Kuleanas of the Kingdom...... 1,000 00 Publishing the laws of the ,Kingdom in, English and Ha- waiian...... 5,000 00 Support of Prisoners 45,000 00 Honolulu Fire Department...... 15,092 00 Interpreting and translating...... 300 00 52

Expenses of Bureau of Water 'Vorks $ 4,000 00 Repairs of and addition to Water Works 64,000 00 Repairs and running expenses of tug Pele...... 15,000 00 Anchors, buoys and landings...... 18,000 00 Landing at Kawela, Hamakua, Hawaii...... 3,000 00 Dredging ...... 5,000 ()() Repairs of wharves, Honolulu...... ]5,000 00 Repairs and running expenses of the several lighthouses...... 7,500 00 New lighthouse west of Molokai...... 2,500 00 New lighthouse Batber's point...... 2,500 00 Repairs of, and new Government Buildings 34,000 00 Completion of, and furnishing new Palace ... 80,000 00 Pedestal and incidentals for Kamehameha Statue...... 2,000 00 Encourage!llent of Immigration 100,000 00 Cutting down and making road over Nuuanu PalL...... 30,000 00 Marine railway for Honolulu 100,000 ()() Artesian well boring ; , 10,000 00 Improvement of Kapiolani Park :.. 5,000 00 Improvement of ; 2,500 00 Government Library ·...... 500 00 Rent of lot in front of Aliiolani Hale to March 31st, 1882...... 200 00 Rent of Aienui...... 720 00 Back rent of Kohololoa Pound...... 650 00 Rent Kohololoa Pound two years to March 31st 1882..·. 400 00 Expenses filing Certificates of Boundaries in Int. office.... 200 00 Expenses of election...... 50000 Erection of Laundries to be leased under the Board of Health 7,500 00 Road tax to be expended in Districtwhere colle.cted...... 70,000 00 $1,233,920 00 DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE. Salary of1\Iinister ; $12,000 00 Salary of Registrar of PublicAccounts...... 6,000 ()() Salary of Collector General...... 7,000 00 Salary of Deputy Collector...... 4,()()O 00 Salary of Statistical Clerk...... 3,600 00 Salary of 2nd Statistical Clerk...... 2,400 00 Salary of Surveyor and Guard...... 3,000 ()() Salary of Storekeeper...... 3,000 ()() Salary of Assistant Guards of Honolulu and other ports...... 8,000 00 Salary of Collector.of Kawaihae...... 300 00 Salary of Collector of Kahului...... 2,000 00 Salary of Port Surveyor and Guard for Kahului...... 1,600 00 Salary of Collector of Kealakekua...... 100 00 Salary of Collector of Koloa...... 200 00 Salary of keeper of Steamer 'Varehouse...... 1,200 00 Salary of keeper of Kerosene 'Varehouse...... 480 00 Salary of 1\Iessenger 600 00 Incidentals of. Custom House...... 2,500 00 Custom House Boat ~ 1,000 00 Pay of Tax Assessors ~..... 20,000 00 Pay of Tax Collectors...... 18,000 00 Pay of Tax Appeal Board..;... 1,000 00 National Debt falling due : 89,700 00 Interest on National Debt 78,000 (JO Hospital Fund (estimated Receipts)...... 12,000 00 Incidentals of Finance Department...... 2,000 00 Printing and supplying of Certificates of Deposit.. 1,500 00 53

Stamps and Dies : $ 1,000 00 Safe for Finance Department...... 2,250 00 Dog Tags .. 600 00 Subsidy to Foreign Steam lines...... 24,000 00 Subsidy to China Merchants' Steam Navigation Co's line 24,00() 00 Return of Double Taxes...... 23 25 D. Keaweamahi, bal. of salary as teacher of Ref. School..... 226 00 $333,27925 DEPARTMENT OF ATTORNEY-GENERAL. Salary of Attorney General $12,000 00 Salary of Clerk of Attorney General. ; :... 4,000 00 Salary of l\farshaI...... 7,(j()() 00 Salary of Sheriffof Hawaii 5,000 00 Salary of Sheriffof ]\-[auL 5,000 00 Salary of Sheriffof KauaL...... 3,000 00 Salary of Clerk of She'riffof·Hawaii...... 1,200 00 Salary of Clerk of Sheriffof Maul.. 1,200 00 Police of HawaiL...... 28,000 00 Police of Maui ~.. 18.000 00 Police of Oahu...... 70,000 00 Police of KauaL , ;.. 7,200 00 Apprehension of Criminals...... 2,000 00 Incidentals of Department...... 2,000 00 Expenses of Coroners' Inquests ;...... 600 00 $166,200 00 BUREAU OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION. Salary of Inspector GeneraL $ 5,000 00 Traveling Expenses of ditto '1,000 00 Salary of Clerk of Board of Education...... 5,000 00 Support of Hawaiian and English Schools ;...... 45,000 00 Support of Common Schools. 12,000 00 Industrial and Reformatory Schools, to include instruction . in instrumental music and cost of instruments...... 10,500 00 Building and Repairs of School Houses.... 5,000 00 Scholarships at Oahu College for native Hawaiianboys only 720 00 Publishing the book"Sanitary Instructions for J [awaiians" 3,000 00 National Museum...... 500 00 Stationery and Incidentals...... 700 00 Salary of Messenger : ,..... 600 00 $89,02000 RECAPITULATION. Civil List...... $104,000 00 PermanentSettlements: 19,600 00 Legislature and Privy Council... 20,300 00 Judiciary Department...... 96,587 50 Department of Foreign Affairs...... 133',100 00 Department of Interior 1,233,920 00 Department of Finance. 333,279 25 Department of Attorney GeneraL...... 166,200 OU Bureau of Public Instruction...... ----89,020 00 $2,196,006 75 54 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS POSTAL SERVICE. General Post Office, Honolulu, Oahu.-A. P. Brickwood, P. r.L; Assistants-L. P. Dubois, C. H. Brickwood, ·W. A. Kalai, A. P. Brick- wood,jr. . Waialua, Oahu S. N. Emerson OVERLAND MAIL ROUTE, OAHU. Leaves Honolulu at 10 a. m. on Monday, each week, for the circuit of the Island, arrivingback ·Wednesdaymorning. Mondays when the California Mail Steamers are expected, the overland· mail is delayed till 10 a. m. Tuesday. POSTMASTERS ON MAUl. MOLORAI AND LANAI. Lahaina T. W. Everett Haiku 8. T. Alexander 'Vailuku E: H. Bailey Kahului.. T. H. Hobron Makawao W. L. Davis Kipahulu T. K. Clarke ~ana A. Unna Kaunakakai.. R. 'V. Meyer Ulu·palakua Mrs. Makee Kaluaaha J. Lima Kaupo :r. 'VilIs Lanai Jessie Moorhead OVERLAND MAIL ROUTES, MAUl. From Lahaina.to Wailuku, Kahului, Makawao, Haiku and Ulupa­ lakua-on Tuesdays or Wednesdays. From Lahaina .to Kaanapali and Kahakuloa, weekly, on arrival of steamer Likelike. From Ulupalalma .to Hana] weekly, on arrival of Likelike mails. From Haiku to Hana, weeKly, on arrival of Kilauea Hou mails. From Kahului to Makawao and Haiku, weekly, on arrival of steamer Kilauea Hou. POS'fMASTERS ON HAWAll. JIilo L. Severance Kailua W. H. Davis Kawaihae C. Stackpole Kealakekua H. N. Greenwell Kukuihaele G. Trousseau Pahala T. C. 'Vills Waipio W. H. Holmes Waiohinu C. Meinecke 'Vaimea Rev. L. L:yons Hookena D. K. Nahinu Kohala, Halawa Dr. J. Wight Hoopuloa D. L.. Keliikuli Kohala, Puehuehu Jas. Richardson ROUTE AGENTS, HAWAIl. Laupahoehoe W. Lidgate I Honok;aa 'V. Dart OVERLAND MAIL ROUTES, HAWAIl. From Hilo to Kawaihae, leaves weekly, on Monday, and to Kau Thursday, on arrival of steamer Likelike. From Kau to Kona, leaves weekly, on Monday. From Kawaihae to Kona and Kau, leaves on arrival of steamer Likelike, This Mail Service around Hawaii is intended .to be a weekly service of the circuit of the Island. POSTMASTERS ON KAUAI. Lihue O. Scholz IWaimea S. P. Hanchett K?loa E. Strehz Hanalei. C. Koelling KIlauea R. A. r.lacfie Kapaa ~ G. H. Dole OVERLAND MAIL ROUTES, KAUAI. Leaves Lihuil for Koloa, Waimea and Hanalei on arrival of Steamer, every Tuesday, returni.ng every Friday. 55

HAWAllAN REGISTERED VESSELS.

MERCHAN1'MEN, WHALERS, AND TRADERS. ----ltEGIBTEn.. CLASS. NAME. ---TONS. REGISTERED OWNERS. 14~ new --Schr Giovanni Apiant. ••••• 85 92.9.'\ J a. I Dowsett 150 .. Bark Kale•••.•••.••••••••••• 867 73.95 II Hackfeld 154 .. Bark Mattie ~facleay•••••••. 308 65.95 J a. I Dow.ett 164 .. Bcrtn Pomare..••..•••••••••• 2'.lO 45.95 HH ~I Minister of~Jnterior 168 .. B~ig Julia)f Avery•••••.••• 178 11.95 Chao K Clark 173 .. Elise •••••••••••••••••• 31277.95 Chas K Clark 175 " ~~~i Iolani •.•.•••••••••••.• 9",14 76.95 H Hackfeld 192 " Bgtn Stormbird •..••.•••..•• 130 69.95 II II ~I Minl.ter of Interior 193 .. Bark KaJakaua••••••••.••••. 404 89.95 PC Jones, Jr ' ~J " Bark LilIu..••••••••••••••••• 701 71.95 206 " Bark Ha\\o·aii ••••••••••·•••••• 41788.9.') ~eil1i: ~I:I~:~~ of Interior 210 .. Schr Julia A Long•••••••••• 187 89.95 211 " Scbr Kaluna..•••..•••••••••• 86 44.95 A F Cooke, WL Wilcox' 217 .. Bark StarlI/(ht ..•.••••••••.• 636 2.95 JS Walker

COASTERS. ----llEGISTER. CLASS.------1---1------NAME. TONS. REGISTERED OWNERS. 170 new Schr Kulamann...... 96 34.95 Allen & Robinson, C ]If Cooke 166" Schr Nettie Merrill•.••••••. 158 Ti.95 Henry Turton 174" Schr Catarina Aplani Long 43 85.95 Allen & Robinson 171 old Schr Manuokawal...... 51 45.95 Tho. R Fo.ter 176 new Schr Kekauluohi...... 53 89.95 Allen & Robinson .~~:: ~~g~ ~:[~~~ :::::::::::::::: 1~ ~~:~~ f:a~~e~:~:::r 158" Schr Ka Moi..•••••••••••.•• 154 16.95 TH Hobron 130 Schr ...... 26 42.95 131 Schr Pauahi •••••••••••••• ',' 111 38.95 Allen & Robinson 69" Sloop Wailek •. , ••. •••••• •••• 15 36.95 Ifnhao (w) 161" Sohr Kapiolani...... 10 78.95 I Grube 68" Schr Prince...... 85 41.95 Thos R Foster 115" Schr Warwick •••••••••••••• 23 29.95 Jacob Brown 177" Stmr Likelike •.••.•••.•••••• 596 58.95 Samuel G Wilder 179" Schr Leahi .•..•••••••••••••. 103 24.95 Allen & Robin.on ,180" Schr ",Tailele ''-0._'' 75 85.95 Cooke, Alexander, Wilcox & Wilcox 129" Schr Jenny •..•••, ••••.•••.• 63 4.95 TR Foster and J Brown, tru.tees 41" Schr Rob Roy. . ••• •• •• •••• •• 2.'> 38.95 J as I Dow.ett 182" Sloop Kulamanll...... 8 24.95 ~l P Robinson 20:3" Sloop Hae Hawaii...... 9 12.9~ E Kahelemake 145" Schr Kalliki...... 7 64.95 Ja. I Dow.ett 155" !:'chr Mile Morris.•.••••••••• 22 32.95 Jas I Dowsett 142" Schr Uilama...... 78 B MAllen 117" Schr Kinall •..••••••.••••••• 41 59.95 Ja. I Dowsett 183" Schr Haleakala •.••••••••••• 116 75.95 Allen & Robiuson, C Afong ~~:: Schr Mary E Fo.ter•••.••.•• 116 6.95 Tho. R Foster 187" Schr Waioli •.••.•••••.•.; •• 65 68.95AF,CW,andCM Cooke,.W L Wilcox Schr Hannani.:•.•••••.••••• 13024.95 TR Fo.ter, Jacob Brown 188" Schr Waiehu•..•••••••.••••• 6037.95 WL Wilcox, W McCandless, AF Cooke 189" Schr Pato...... 95 8.95 Reed & Si.son 190" Stmr Kilauea Hou.••.••••••• 271 10.95 TH Hobron rAlexander 19t" Schr Waimall1. ••• •••••• •••. 95 97.95 AF Cooke, W Land SW Wilcox, ST ~;:;;:: Stmr Waimanalo •••••.•..•• 49 81.95 Waimanalo SUll"ar Company Stmr Mokolii...... 96 78.~5 SG Wilder 197" Schr Liholiho.•••••••••••••• 122 35.95 Thos R J;'o.ter 211" Schr Liliu...... 85 69.95 C M and AF Cooke, WL Wilcox ~.. ~~h: f~~~o.I~~~i.~:~~~::::::::I~ ~:~g il~e;;~~~blnson 20·1 U Stmr Lehua 217 91.95 ~ G 'Vilder 205'~ Schr . l!.)kno]a...... 17 10.95 J H Black 207" Stmr .James ~lakee.••••••••• 244 15.?5 TR Foster, J Br~wn, Mrs Godfrey 208 U Schr MaIolo 133 65.95 Alexander, Cooke &Co 209 :: Schr Geueral Sie/(el...... 39 12.95 AF Cooke, WL Wilcox, GP Castle 215 Schr Kanikeaoull 139 70.9') Allen & R"bln.on 216" Schr ,Jennie Walker."••••••37 85.~? William Greig rfrey. J Brown 218" Stmr C RBI.hop•.•••••••••• 281 36.• ~ TR Foster, GN Wilcox, Mn CE God- 219" Schr Mana••••••...••••••••• 107 10.95 AF Cooke, WL Wilcox ~13" Sloop Sl\rllh.... •••• 6 21.95 WF Williams 56

SUGAR PLANTATIONS AND MILLS. Those marked with an asterisk (*) are planters only. Those marked with a dagger (t) are mills only. All qthers are plantations complete, owning their own mills. . KaupakueaPlantation Hilo, Hawaii C Afong M;~ahanaloaPla~tation Hil?i Hawaii..: C Afong "al1uku PlantatIOn 'Val uku, MaUl C Brewer & Co Akanaliilii & Co's Plant'n Makawao, Maui C Brewer &. Co East Maui Plantation Makawao, Maui C Brewer & Co Huelo Plantation* Hamakua, Maui. C Brewer & Co Onomea Plantation Hilo, Hawaii. :C Brewer & Co Paukaa Plantation ; Hilo, Hawaii C Brewer & Co . Honomu Plantation Hilo, Hawaii. C Brewer & Co PrincevillePlantation Hanalei, Kauai.. C Brewer & Co Hawaiian Agricultural Co · Kau, Hawaii C Brewer & Co Kaneohe Plantation Kaneohe, Oahu C Brewer & Co Hitcncock & Co's Plant'n Hilo, Hawaii Castle & Cooke Kohala Plantation Kohala, Hawaii Castle & Cooke Waialua Plantation Waialua, Oahu Castle & Cooke Haiku Plantation No I} H 'k' C tl & C k Haiku Plantation No 2 al u, MaUl as e 00 e Hamakua Plantation Hamakua, Maui.. Castle & Cooke Kaalaea Plantation Kaalaea, Oahu TH Davies Union Mill Co Kohala, Hawaii. TH Davies. Niulii Plantation Kohala, Hawaii TH Davies Beecroft Plantation* } Hawi Millt...... Kohala, Hawaii. TH Davies Montgomery & Co's Plant'n'" Hamakua Millt.Plantation"""} Hama k ua, H"awan...... THD.aVles 'Waiakea Plantation"' } H'l H .. THD. Waiakea Millt 10, awan...... aVles W Lidgate & Co's Plantation Laupahoehoe, Hawaii TH Davies Kipahulu ~Iillt Hana, Maui TH Davies Ookala Plantation Hilo, Hawaii H Hackfeld & Co Pioneer Mill Lahaina, Maui H Hackfeld & Co Olowalu Plantation Lahaina, Maui H Hackfeld & Co Hana Plantation Hana, Maui. H Hackfeld & Co Kipahulu Plantation"' Hana, Maui.. H Hackfeld & Co Grove Ranch Plantation Makawao, Maui.. H Hackfeld & Co Lilikoe Plantation HaikUhMaui.. H Hackfeld & Co Heeia Plantation Kaneo e, Oahu H Hackfeld & Co Waianae Sugar Co \Vaianae, Oahu H Hackfeld & Co Waimanalo Sugar Co ;\Vaimanalo, Oahu H Hackfeld & Co Koloa Plantation Koloa, Kauai.. H Hackfeld & Co Kekaha Mill Cot Wainae, Kauai.. H Hackfeld & Co Kilauea Plantation Kilauea, Kauai. H Hackfeld & Co Grove Farm* Puna, Kauai. H Hackfeld & Co Hanamaulu Plantation'" Puna, Kauai H Hackfeld & Co LihuePlantation Lihue, Kauai.. H Hackfeld & Co Kekaha Plantation· Waimea, Kauai...E Hoffschlaeger & Co Ma~ee Plantation Ulup'alakua, ¥aui :WG Irw!n & Co Walhee Sugar Co Walhee, Maul. WG Irwm & Co .Hawaiian Commercial Co Maui.. WG Irwin & Co :Makee Sugar Co , Kealia, Kauai.. WG Irwin & Co Kealia Plantation Kealia, Kauui WG Irwin & Co 57

NaalehuPlantation Kau, Hawaii WG Irwin & Co Hilea Sugar Co Kau, Hawaii WG Irwin & Co Star Millt Kohala, Hawaii WG Irwin & Co Hakalau Plantation Hilo, Hawaii WG Irwin & Co Costa's Plantation Hilo, Hawaii WG Irwin & Co PaauhaU l\Iillt Hamakua, Hawaii.. WG Irwin & Co Paauhau Plantatiori* Hamakua, Hawaii.. WG Invin & Co Spencer's Plantation Hilo] Hawaii.. GW Macfarlane & Co 'Vaikapu Plantation WaiKapu, Maui...GW Macfarlane & Co Kamaloo Plantation Molokai. J McColgan Honokaa Sugar Co Hamakua, Hawaii...F A Schaefer &; Co Pacific Sugar Mill Hamakua, Hawaii...F A Schaefer & Co Eleele Plantation Koloa, Kauai.. FA Schaefer & Co Halawa Plantation Kohala, Hawaii J T 'Vaterhouse Laie Plantation Laie, Oahu J'r Waterhouse Niu Plantation Waialae, Oahu J C White Moanui Plantation Molokai 'Vong Leong & Co NOTE.-Circuiars were addressed to the Managers of the.various plantations during the past Summer for the names of all parties planting cane adjoining them, together with the number of acres under cultivation, with the hope of arriving at a correct estimate of the planting interest. Our thanks are due to those who willingly responded, but as the majority have failed to reply, we are without sufficient data to make it an object to alterthe foregoing list at present.

MEMBERS OF THE ROYAL ORDER OF KAMEHAMEHA I., INSTITUTED BY ., 1865.

KNIGHTS GRAND CEOSS. KNIGHTS COMMANDER. HIS MA.JESTY THE KING. Charles G. Hopkins. Chal1es R. Bishop, Chancellor of the C. de Varigny. Order. William Martin, H.M. Charge d'Affaires E. H. Allen. and Consul-General at Paris. H.R.H. Prince Alfrea, Duke of Edin- Manley Hopkins, H.M. Charge d'Affaires . burgh.- _ and Consul-General at London. H.R.H. Frederick, Grand Duke of Alfred Blanche de'Billing, of France. Baden. Ferd. W. Hutchison. - H.I. and R.A.}!. Francis Joseph, Em­ Baron von Petz, Admiral AustrianNavy. peror of Austria and King of Von Wiplinger, Captain Austrian Navy. Hungary. Stephen Spencer. H.M. Louis II., King of Bavaria. Dr. Edward Hoffmann, Consul for Aus- H.M. Charles 1., lUng of Wurtemburg. tria and Hungary. H.R.H. Louis III., Grand Duke of Don Enrique Martos. Hesse. E. von Hasslocher. Don Manuel Ranees Villanueva, of M. de Moltke, of Denmark. Spain. _ M. de Stackleburg, of Denmark. . Don Juan Tomas Comyn, of Spain. C. E. De Long, late U. S. Minister Don Bonifacio de BIas, of Spain. Plenipotentiary in Japan, and Min­ Marquis D'Azeglis. ister Plenipotentiary for His Ha·. A. S. Cleghorn. - waiian MaJesty in Japan. John O. Dorninis, Secretary and Treas- H. A. Widemann. urer of the Order. J.-Mott Smith. H.R.H. Thomas, Duke of Genoa. Paul Kanoa. C. C. Harris. Count Cam. Candiani d'Olivola, of H.M. Wilhelm I., Emperorof Germany. Italy. H.I.H. FrederickWilhelm, Crown Prince M.le Chevalier Raffaele Volpe, of Italy. of Germany. John H. GassIer, H.H.M. Charge d'Af­ H.M. Humbexto I., King of Italy. faires, Germany. S 1

58

Baron· Leop. Frederick Hoffmann, of :KNIGHTS COMPANION. Austria. J. C. Pfluger, Vice-Consul for Russia. Joseph Chevalier de Schwegel, of Stephen H. Phillips. Austria. Rt. Rev. T. N. Staley. Rear-Admiral John J. Almy. W. W. F. Synge, late H.B.M. Commis·· Captain Wm. E. Hopkins. sioner and Consul-General. Captain G. E. Temple. Thomas Spencer. H. A. P. Carter. William C. Parke. W. F. Allen. . General Edward M. McCook. Robert Stirling. Baron de la Roncere Ie Noury,. Vice- V. Schonberger,HB 1\-1 Consul atVienna. Admiral, France. Joseph Hugo Schonberger, of Austria. Mons. Charles Maunoir. John Kleissl, of Austria. F. A. Schaefer. Adolph Plason,of Austria. Captain Graf von l\Ionts. Lieut. Com. William Henry Whiting. Captain Fricherr von Reibnitz. Colonel William N. Wherry. Hermann Schulze. J. M. Kapena. J. C. Glade. Mons. Ie Baron Rene Reille. Charles H. Judd. R.A.Lyman. George Paul Andreas Humbert, Actual Franz Edouard Gottlieb Loss, Aulic. Chancellor LejZation, etc., Berlin. Chancellor, etc., Berlin. Sir Thomas G. F. Hesketh, Bart. F.W. Neff, Aulic. Chancellor,etc., Berlin.

:MEMBERS OF THE ROYAL ORDER OF KALAKAUA. INSTITUTED 1876.

KNIGHTS GIlAND CROSS. Honorable W. F. Allen, Secretary and HIS MAJESTY THE KING. Treasurer. His Excellency J. O. Dominis, Chan- Honorable H. A. Widemann. cellor. . His Excellency E. H. Allen. Baron Albert von Seckendorff, of Prus· Honorable C. C. Harris: sia. Honorable C. R. Bishop. Hans Kaester. Captain German Navy. Honorable A. S. Cleghorn. Charles de Livron, Captain Russian H.M. Francis Joseph of Austria. Navy. H.R.H. Prince Henry of Prussia. H. A. Berger, Hawaiian Consul-General for Sweden and Norway. GIlAND OFFICERS. His Excellency W. L. Green. KNIGHTS COMPANION•. His Excellency H. A. P. Carter. Prince R. Gledroye, Chamberlain to Honorable John P. Parker. H.I.M. the Emperor of Russia. Honorable Charles H. Judd. Honorable A. F. Judd. Pitkin C. Wrlght. Honorable J. Mott Smith. C. Van Dyke Hubbard, of California. Honorable J. M. Kapena. Major C. T. Gulick. Archibald MacLean, Captain in the Honorable H. Kuihelani. German Navy. Honorable A. Fornander. William C. Martin, Hawaiian Charge Guido von Usedorn, Lieutenant German d'Affaires, Paris. Navy. Dr. Johannes Rosing, Sup. Privy Coun­ August von Heeringen, Unter-Lienten­ cillor, Germany. ant German Navy. Herr Heinrich von Kusserow, Privy NichalausReitzenstem,Lieutenant Rus- Councillor of Legation, Germany. sian Navy. George W. Macfarlane. KNIGHTS COMMANDER. William D. Alexander. Honorable S. N. Castle. Honorable Walter M. Gibson. Honorable A. S. Hartwell. William H. Dimond. Honorable E. O. Hall. John D. Spreckels. Honorable S. G. Wilder. Henry Rmmenschrieider. H. W. Severance, Hawaiian Consul, San Da Fonsaca Wollheim, Lieutenant Rus­ Francisco. sian Navy. Edward Reeve, Hawaiian Consul-Gen­ Albrecht Heimich Paul Landt, Privy eral, Sydney. Registrar Foreign Office, Berlin. 59

LEGEND OF MAUl-SNARING OF THE SUN.

BY REV. A. O. FORBES.

~{aui wae the son of Hina-lau-~e and Hina, and they dwelt at a place called :Makalia above Kahakuloa, on West :MauL Now his mother, Hina, made kapas. And as she spread them out to dry, the days were so short that she was put to great trouble and labor in hanging them out and taking them in day after day until they were dry. 1\Iaui seeing this was filled with pity for ber, for tbe days were so sbort tbat no sooner bad sbe got her kapas all spread out to dry tban tbe sun went down and she bad to take them in again. So be determined to make tbe sun go slower. He first went to \Vailobi, in Hamakua, on East Maui, to observe the motions of tbe sun. Tbere he saw tbat tbe sun rose towards Hana. He tben went up on Hale­ akala and saw tbat tbe sun in bis course came directly over tbat mountain. He tben went bome again, and after a few days, went to a place called Paeloko, at \Vaill.ee. There he cut down all the cocoa­ nut trees, and gathered the fibre of the cocoanut husks in great quantity. This he manufactured into strollg cord. One 1\Ioemoe, seeing this, said tauntingly to bim, "'fhou will never catch the sun. 'fhou art only an idle nobody." 1\Iaui answered, "\Vben I conquer my enemy, and my desire is attained, I will be your death." So he went up Haleakala again, taking his cord with him. And when the sun rose above where he was stationed, he prepared a noose of the cord and casting it, snared one of the sun's larger rays and broke it off. So he snared and broke off, one after another, all tbe strong rays of the sun. Then shouted he exultingly, "Thou art my captive, and nowl will kill thee for thy going so swiftly." And the sun said, "Let me live, and thou shalt see me go more slowly hereafter. Behold hast thou not broken off all my strong legs, and left me only the weak ones?" So the agreement was made, and 1\Iaui permitted the sun to pursue his course, and from tbat time on be went more slowly, and that is the reason wby the days are longer at one season of the year than at another. It was this that gave the name to that mountain; which should properly be called Alehe-ka-la(sun snarer), and not Haleakala. And when Maui returned from this exploit, he went to find 1\Ioemoe, who had reviled him. But that individual was not at home. He went on in his pursuit till he came upon 1\Ioemoe at a place called Kawaiopilopilo, on the shore to tbe eastward of the Black Rock~ called Kekaa, north of Lahaina. :Moemoe dodged him uphill ana down, until at last, 1\Iaui, growing wrathy, leaped upon and slew the fugitive. And tbe dead body was transformed into a long rock, wbich is there to this day by the side of tbe road going past "Black Rock."

Our next issue has the promise of an article on the varieties of bananas growing on these Islands, which the compiler has found already to number fifty-seven, witb several districts yet to hear from. It was undertaken for this issue, but has grown beyond the time allotted owing to the. kinds being more numerous than were sup­ posed to exist. 60

OASUALTIES OF SHIPPING CONNECTED WITH THE PORT OF HONOLULU, 1880. December 1st, 1879, British bark Tokatea, which left Newcastle October 9th for this port with a cargo of coal for 'Wilder & Co., struck On Vostok Island and became a total loss. 'l'he crew took to the boats and landed at Tahiti December 17th. January 10th, 1880, Hawaiian steamer ~fokolii went ashore about two miles north of Lahaina at 4 A. 111. 'Vas floated off again at 10.30 P. 111. without serious damage. January 14, Hawaiian schooner Kamaile went ashore at Waialua, Oahu, and became a total loss. .Tanuary 19th, American tern Hera touched on the reef at Kahului, Maui but sustained no serious damage beyond loss of a portion of false lKeel and throwing overboard about fifteen tons of coal. February 26th, schooner Prince, on her trip from Hawaii to this port, was washed by a heavy sea, and a passenger and one of the crew swept overboard. The vessel was put back and the seamansaved, but the passenO'er was lost. . :March 28, schooner lVaioli, in crossing the Oahu Channel, shipped a heavy sea, which washed overboard six passengers, four of which were recovered, and two were drowned. March 14th, P. M. S.s. City of Sydney took fire at her dock in San Francisco, destroying nearly all of the Honolulu freight. About forty feet of the deck and four beams had to be replaced. Cause of fire unknown. May 14th, American barkentine Joseph Perkins, in attempting to beat· out of Kahului harbor, missed stays and went onto the reef between Kahului and Waihee, and became a total loss. June 6th, Hawaiian schooner Eugenia A. Briggs (formerly Amer­ ican schooner Joseph Wolley) went ashore at Huelo, Maui, and became a total wreck. She was en route to Honokaa, Hawaii, and had a full cargo on board, which was also lost. September 6th, Hawaiian steamer C. R. Bishop touched on a. reef off l\£olokai, sustaining damage which necessitated heaving out for repairs. • November 13th, Hawaiian schooner Mary Ellen (formerly Kekau­ luohi) went ashore at Hanalei in attempting to beat out of the harbor. 'Vas insured for $3500.

RAIN RECORD FOR 1879.80.

DrH~~~~~~D, ~~u':~:1~: ~u~~n4:r: Jw~i2:':~' w. ~atll:;:'Dder, 18"8~'l9. 18'l'9-EO. November 1'.52 4.98 P.98 4.46 3.70 7.42 December 8.86 10.71. 12.13 14.39 4.93 0.97 January 2.90 4.01... 6.59 3.05 9.5.1 2.05 February ,. 4.93 7.05 10.84 3.30 5.45 4.34 lIIarch 2.88 4.72 8.15 2.1.8 0.59 1.01 April 1.59 3.82 12.84 0.59 2.29 1.05 1Ilay 0.18 0.75 3.12 0.19 1.14 0.00 June 0.99 2.001 4.85 2.14 0.14 0.46 .m 7.39 10.80 4.07 0.~1 2.13 August 0.84 1.97 3.04 1.32 0.19 0.65 September 1.02 2.55 5.53 1.78 0.83 0.37 October 1.6.1 1.98 4.22 0.65 0.22 November 8.23 8.62...... 9.38 7.42 4.00 Totals for 13 months..43.60 60.58 100.57 37.49 24.67 61

RETROSPECT OF THE YEAR 1880. Our retrospect article for 1879 closed with a sad record. The' new year, however, opened with new life and hope, and the weather through all the Islands has been remarkably pleasant throughout, the rainfall being distributed with an evenness quite noticeable­ with the exception of an excess reported in the Hilo district during the Summer months. This even distribution of moisture through the year and the continuance of the "trade-winds" with but slight inter­ ruptions until the month of October, has given us a uniform temper­ ature attended with little of the sickness that marked the previous year. The sanitary condition of Honolulu has had the attention of the Health authorities, and some of the evils that existed have been materially modified. The necessity of sewerage for Honolulu has been growing upon us more rapidly of late. A report was presented tt) the last Legislature by the MInister of Interior, an appropriation secured, and a special law enacted to meet the case, and it is to be hoped that steps will soon be taken in the matter. Nearly all theperiod under review has been one of peculiar unrest and anxiety, in a political sense mainlYj and in so small a Kingdom its effects soon became apparent. The result of this and also of the continued scarcity of labor for the various agricultural enterprises is, that the Islands have not enjoyed that degree of prosperity which was anticipated, though all else seems to have contributed to our success. ' Elections in the various districts of the Islands for Representatives occurring in February, it became; evident, early'in the yeal", that an influence was at work to defeat the efforts to have men of experience and worth elected to those honorable positions, and to secure the election of those who would be pliant to schemes of crafty lobbyists. It is the more to be regretted that this evil has been growing on the country each session. It was so apparent this xear that the Ministers of Interior and Finance publicly avowed that It was contrary tD their advice and counsel. Unfortunately underhanded schemes prevailed, and the session of the Legislature that followed entertained rash measures, voted moneys with recklessness and passed bills that created alarm for the nation's well-being, some of which fortunately failed to receive the Royal signatnre necessary to their becoming law. The "want of confidence" scheme will long be remembered, not only for the failure of the plotters to unseat a Ministry that had the con­ fidence of the moneyed interests of the country, but for the sudden demand for the surrender of their portfolios within an hour of pro­ roguing the Legislature and the substitution therefor of a Cabinet composed of Messrs. Moreno, Bush, Jones, and Kuaea, whose acts, in the short term of their administration, have brought no little compli­ cation for the Kingdom of Hawaii among the leading nations. The meetings that followed, expressive of pUblic sentiment, were decided in their tone, and met an almost unanimous response through­ out the Islands, which has been echoed back to us from foreign lands, , Petitions were the order of the day, but apparently of no availjund the act of the Ministry in demanding the recall of the representatives of the United States, England, and France, brought the countr.y into international difficulties thatcalled for the ablest and most expel'lenced men in the community to take portfolios as Cabinet Ministers, to retrieve as much as possible the injuries that had been done. The effort made by the purchase of the Commercial Advertiser to make it' the mouthpiece of the late Ministry and nullify opposition, brought'! 'Out the same week the est~blishment of the Saturday Press, a paper. 62 got up virtually by the people, and for the people, and whose out­ spoken tones, together with the consistent course of the Gazette, have done much to save the country from ignomy and disgrace. Next to our political status labor has been, and promises yet to be, the vital question of these Islands. There have been free arrivals of Chinese, Portuguese, and South Sea Islanders since our last writing, but the demand is not met. There is a prospect of more near at hand, including a number of Norwegians/ which it is hoped will relieve planters of their difficulties. The Chlllese are found to prefer engaging with their own people in the cultivation of rice, rather than to engage on sugar plantations, while the South Sea Islanders have not proved all that was hoped for in them, being unused to the climate andwork, and the Portuguese have not been much of a relief to plantations as laborers, they preferring work of other kinds. 'rherefore it is that plantations are finding themselves getting shorter handed each month through expiring contracts failing to be renewed, and no new help coming in to take their places, while wages and advances have been constantly increasing. The most urgent need for labor is felt on all sides,and the Board of Immigration is doing its utmost in the matter, with the possible prospect of looking again to India as a source of relief, which, if obtainable at all, must be at a great expense. Our sugar product this year will probably fall short of the amount that was estimated, from 3000 to 5000 tons, wholly from the above­ mentioned want of labor; a number of the plantations having had cane ruined in the field for want of hands to care for ·it, while others have been delayed in their building and getting into working order from the same cause. The necessity of labor-saving machinery is felt on all sides, and where practicable, steam plowing and traction engines are being introduced, reducing materially the hands and saving in cattle and pasture land formerly required for this class of work. Our sugar interest therefore shows no material extension from last year's list, and while all of the new large mills will be in.complete working order, yet in view of the universal want of labor it is considered by the best authority on these matters safe to place the estimate of tbe sugar crop of 1880-81 at about 40000 tons. With the prospect of 3000 Chinese and other laborers which are shortly expected, ourplantations ought to yield more, and probably will. The rice crop is rapidly extending, but confined principally to the Islands of Oahu and Kauai, lands suitable for which have been leased at exorbitant rates. The export for ten months to November 1st, 1880, was 4,726,840 pounds, about equal to last year's full export. We have not been able to arrive at a correct estimate of the yield for the coming year. It is noticeable that since the perfection of the two steam rice mills in this city tbe shipment of· paddy has ceased entirely, all exports being of polished No.1 grade that compares favorablx in the American markets with No.1 Carolina. At present writing preparations are under way for another steam rice mill, near the Custom House, by Chinese parties. The foreign shipping interests for the year has continued favorable, as was reported in our last issue, with the same marked preference of trade with San Francisco as then shown. Out of a total of 235 arri­ vals from November 1st, 1879, to November 1st, 1880, 92 were from San Francisco; and of the 330 departures for the same period, 98 were for the same port. Tbis includes 11 arrivals and 10 departures via Kahului, Maui, and Hilo, Hawaii. This steady trade with San Francisco has virtually closed out the Oregon line that ran between Honolulu and Portland for so many years, our business now with all ports north of San Francisco.being for lumber, for which there is a large and steady demand. .\ 63

The business of Honolulu has been quiet and uneventful this year, with little importation of heavy machinery, etc., for agricultural development, the bulk of imports being goods for actual consumption. And it is a noticeable fact that we import nearly everything that we eat, drink, wear or use, and San Francisco is our principal source of supply. There was a time when certain districts furnished the market with potatoes} corn, wheat, and many other commodities, and local mills suppliea us with flour, meal, and bran, while the graziers and mall farmers supplied our need of meats, fowls, butter, eggs, etc., and early export lists show sweet and Irish potatoes, oranges, cattle, horses, mules, etc., to have figured largely therein; but to-day the tables are turned against us. 'Ve are producers and exporters of sugar, rice, and a few other minor articles, but importers of all else. By courtesy of Collector-General W. F. Allen, we find our imports for the nine months of 1880, ending September 30th, to be $2,370,909 53. Of this amount $964,260 95 was for dutiable goods, $162,648 84 bonded, $1,179,119 26 free by treaty, and $84,880 48 free by Civil Code, as also specie to the amount of $395,082 25. Last year for the same period our imports were $2,460,980 80.. San Francisco claims to have fur­ nished the Isl:mds in the ten months ending November 1st with miscellaneous merchandise to the amount of $1,595,311. Our total exports for the same period we find to be $3,974,311 72, which shows a gain over last year's similar period. A very important and interesting feature fully developed this year has been the success in artesian well boring on the properties of Messrs. Marques and Judge MCCullY near Honolulu, both of whom have obtained excellent flowing weIls. Boring is now going on at different parts of the plains, Honolulu, and at Waianae and Waima­ nalo on Oahu, as also on Maui and Kauai. The credit, however, for the pioneer in this heretofore questionable and expensive undertaking is due to Mr. James Campbell, who inaugurated well-boring the year previous on his Honouliuli property, Ewa. - 'We take pleasure in recording the organization of the Hawaiian Railroad Company to facilitate the opening up of the windward dis­ tricts of Hawaii, and that Mr. S. G. 'Vilder has taken the matter in hand to put it through early from Niulii, to near Mahukona, Kohala, contemplating a branch also to the Hamakua district. Of Captain Hobron's Wailuku Railroad, Maui, we learn it is his intention to carry it beyond Hamakuapoko into Makawao proper at an early date. Building improvements in Honolulu have continued through the year with unabated activity, both in wooden and more substantial brick edifices. principal of- which is the Palace and Music Hall. Store extensions have been frequent, especially in the Chinatown dis­ tricts in Nuuanu, King, Hotel, and Maunakea streets. Cottages have been erected in all parts of the town, and new styles seem to be- the order. The most noticeable improvements undertaken and in con­ templation are on the plains to the east of Honolulu proper. This has given steady employment to our mechanics throughoutjJorwhich fair rates of wages have ruled. i . Real estate has kept at full figures throughout the yearfor Honolulu property, though a number of foreclosed parcels situate in other parts. of the Islands several weeks since were sadly sacrificed. Building lots on the plains sold at auction by the Government the past Summer averaged over $500, the lots ranging about 100 feet frontage by 150 feet in depth. . . Honolulu has been whQlIy free from fires the past year, and with, the newly-appointed Fire Marshal carrying out the rules of the Fire­ Department, liabilities to conflagrations are being lessened. 64

The table of exports for the three quarters of 1880 as compared with the same period of 1879, on page 25, shows a slight gain in value, but with our list principally confined to sugar and rice. Coffee is on the wane, and reports from its districts speak disparagingly of its pros­ pects. \Vool continues about the same, while pulu-once "King"-hr now but little known. Our coasting fleet this year has proved fully equal to all demands thereon, and a glance at our Marine Casualties for the year-page 60­ shows a smaller list of misfortunes than usual in this branch of our service. The table of Hawaiian Registered Vessels, on page 55, shows, a slight increase both in sailing and steam coasters. Honolulu now enjoys steam communication with nearly all ports of the Kingdom, Kauai being favored with two regular packets each week. We learn that another-steamer is contemplated shortly, to be placed on the Kan route; to bring that distant portion of His Majesty's domains in weekly communication with the metropolis. At present writing the principal business houses of Honolulu, as also a number of private residences, are being connected by the Cen­ tral Telephone System. This is a Chartered Joint Stock Company, working under the Bell patents with Blake transmitters} for which subscribers pay a monthly rental of six dollars. As the hnes extend and patrons increase, its advantages will be considerably enhanced. Maui has its telegraph and telephone lines, and Kauai has secured a charter for a telephone line also. \Ve record here, in closing, the recent eruptions of Mauna Loa, the first of which occurred November 5th, 1880, near the summit, on the eastern side, with flows running down the northeast slope to the plateau towards Hilo, and a branch running in the direction of Puna. A second outbreak took place November 24th, a little to the east of the first. It is reported to be the most violent eruption known to present inhabitants, but fortunately doing but little damage so far, as its course follows the flow of 1855-6. Kilauea has also partaken of renewed activity, overflowing the south lake and breaking out in another locality. Visitors who have availed themselves of this oppor­ tunity to witness Madam"Pele" in her wrath speak in glowing terms of its grandeur. Later accountij, however, report indications of its quieting.

KOTE.-Thanks to the liberal advertising patronage which the Annual enjoys, and the growing demand necessitating constantly increltsing editions the publisher is enabled to increase its letterpress without any alteration in price. While this issue is a few pages less than last, it is nevertheless fuller in material, and about double the size of our first issue. It shall be our aim to show our appreciation of the acceptance of these labors, and make it in every way worthy the confidence and support of the public. \Vith this plan in view we have in preparation several articles to give it additional interest and enhance its value not only to residents here, but to readers abroad. Back numbers can be had at any time from 1875-its first issue­ price fifty cents per copy. Orders from abroad must include ten cents each for postage. A few copies bound-from 1875 to 1879, inclusive­ are still on hand, price $3; mailed to the other Islands $3 20, or abroad $3 40. Remittancescan.be made in stamps, or U. S.currency. 65

HAWAIIAN REGISTER AND DIRECTORY FOR 1881,

THE COURT. DEPARTMENT OF .roDI~IARY. Hr8 MAJESTY, KALAKAUA, b. November 16, Chief Justice Hon CC Harris 1836; elected February 12, 1874, and Inau· First Associate Justice Hon A F Judd gurated February 13,1874. Son of Kapaakea Second Associate Jnstice•.••.Hon L MCCUlla and Keohokalole. Clerk J EBarnar Her Majesty the QUEEN.b. Decem'>er 31, 1835. Deputy Clerk A Rosa Her Royal Highness the Princess LILIUO­ TERMS oj' SUPREME COURT: KALANI. Heir Apparent, b. September 2, 1838; m. September 16, 1862, to his Excel· Sitting at Honolulu, First Mondayin January, lency ;Tohn Owen Domlnis. Governor of April, JulY,and October. Oahu, K. G. C. ofthe Royal Orders ofKame­ hameha and Kalakaua; Kt. Com. of the Or. Circuit Judges. ders of Francis Joseph andlsabella CatoUca; 1st Circnit, Oahn..•,0-Cilfthe Judges of the Member of the House of Nobles and of the Supreme Court. Privy Council ofState,etc. Proclaimed Heir 2d Circuit, Maul. Hon A Fomander App.arent to the Throne, April 11, 1877. 3d Circuit, Hawall..HGllSFS Lyman, CFHart Her Royal IJIghness the Princess LIKE. ,thCircuit, Kaual ••..•.•..•••..Hon J Hardy LIKE, b. January 13, 1851; m. September TERMS OF CmemT eoURT: 22, 1870, to the Honorable Archibald Scott 2d Circuit, (Maul), 1stTuesday.ofJune and ~~t Clegborn, K. G. C. of the Royal Orders .of Tuesday of December; 3d CIrcuit, (Hawan), Kanlehameha and Kalakaua; Member of Novemb~r; House of Nobles and of the PrIvy Council of at Waimea. 1st Tuesday of !it State; has Issue Her Royal HIghness the Hilo 1st Tuesday of May;' 4th CirCUIt.. Princess Victoria-Kawekiu-Kalulani-Lunall_ (Kauai). 1st Tuesday of February and Au- Io-Kalaninuiahilapalapa. b. October 16. 1875. gust CLERKS oj' CIRCUIT COURT.' Her :lI!ajesty the Dowager Queen EMMA. b. W 0 Atwater 2d Circuit; DH Hitchcock. 1st January 2, 1836; 111. to Kamehameha IV. June 19. 1856. Clerk 3d cirCUit, F Spencer 2d Clerk; ]' Her Royal Hip;hness RUTH KEELIKOLANI, Bindt. 4th Circuit. sister to Their late Maiesties Kamehameha District Justices. IV. and V.; b. Febrnary 9. 1818. OAHU.. His Majesty's Chamberlain. Hon. C. H. JUDD. RF Bickerton, P J; W L Wilcox,. Depu- ty _•.••••••• Hon~nlu HIS MAJESTY'S STAFF. WG Needham _ wa. Colonels WF Allen. Ed Hoffmann. CH Jndd. SW Kaaiholei Waianae C P lankea, and JH Boyd. J Kaluhl Wahilua and Koolauloa. JL Kaulukou Koolaupoko Staff of the Governor or Oahu. MAUl•. lIajors Gao W Macfarlane, Chas T Gnlick, H Kuihelani, P J* _ Wail~~~ and ~apt Antone Rosa. WF Mossman Maka SW Kaal. Hana and Ka'!po HOUSE OF NOBLES. D Kamaiopl1l; PJ _ Lahama. ,. His Ex J 0 Dominis; Hons SK Kaal, J M M Kealoha ; Honuaul~ Kapena, SG Wilder, P Kanoa, CR BIshop. SK Kupihea Moloku HA Kahanu, WT Martin, JP Parker Ii S Kahoohalahala Lanai, Knihelanl, J MoananU. JI Dowsett, J.. S *E H Rogers, acting.. Cleghorn. P lBenburg, SNCastle,GRhodes KAUAI. Ih J M Smith, CH Judd, JE BU&h. • RS IIapuku L ne· The Cabinet Mlni.ters hold seats In the House AW Maioho Koloa. • or Nohles .z officio. J Kakanl. Hanalei and Anahola F Sinclalr* NI,Ihau. THE KING'S CABINET. J Kauai, PJ WaI.mca. HIs I1IAJESTY, THE KING. Jas K Kaiwl Kawllihau, Nimsler of Interior His Ex HAP Carter *G Gay, acting. Minislel ofFinance Hls Ex JS Walker HAWAlll... H'I Minister of For. Affairs•..Hls Ex WL Green P Haupu North I <» Attorney-General ••..His Ex WN Armstrong GW A Hapal.PJ HlIo JP Miau Hamakua J Makalmoku Naeole Puna. PRIVY COUNCIL OF STATE. JHS Martin Kau HIS I1fAJESTY. THE KING. JG Hoaplll North andSollth Kona Their Ex. WL Green. HAP Carter. J S P Kamakaala* North Kohaln.. W"lker. WN Armstrong. J 0 Dominis' S H Mahnka South Kohala Hons SG Wilder. J !I Kapena, S K Kaal, P *D S Kahookann, acting.. Kauo!i. E HAllen. E 0 Hall, J M Smith, W J SmIth. CC Harris. AF Jndd, CR Bishop. GOVERNORS. AS Cleghorn, SN Castle, WC Parke, C Ii Governor of Oahn, His-Ex J o Domlnls. Reei·- •• Judd, WP Wood, G Rhodes, H J.. Wide. dence. Washln~ton Place. Honolulu. . mann H III Whitney, HA Kahanu JU Governor of MaUl. His Ex J 0 Dominis, r Kawalnui. J Moanau1JJ L McCully Ii Stir. Governess ofHawaii, II H Kekall1ike. Resi.., ling, W FAllen, D Kahanu. M Kuaea, D dence, Hllo.· , Leleo Klnlmaka, :II! Mahuka, William Clerk, FS Lyman. Bnckle, .r E Bush, W l\[ Gibsou. CH Governor of Kaual. His Ex F' W Beckley. JUdd, Secretary. Eesldence, Koloa•. Kaual. 9 66

HAWAIIAN REGISTER AND DIRECTORY FOR·1881.

INTERIOR DEPARTMENT. Commissioners of Fences. Minister ofInteriol' His Ex HAP Carter HAWAn. Chief Clerk of Dept JA Hassinger lIilo..CE Richardson, J Keahl, SL Austin, IJlerks-J S Smithies, JH Boyd, S Weynton RA Lyman, K Paulo Registrar of Conveyances..••...•.T Brown Hamakua...... J R Mills, JK Kaunamano Assistant Registrar...... G Brown North and South Kona...... M Barrett, H Sun'eyor Ueneral WD Alexander Cooper, Kapae, JW Smith Assistant Surveyor C·J Lyons North Kohala Kamahu, J Wood Postmaster-General...•...•.•.AP Brickwood South Kohala J Parker, SH Mahukll First Clerk, PO _ LPDu Bois Kau....WT Jllartln, C N Spencer, S Kawaa, Supt. Public Works R Stirling DWKaaemokn Supt. Water Works .. GD Freeth MAUl. Clerk of Water Works W Anld :Makawao.....C II Dickey, D Crowningbnrg, l' Nnl Board of Health. Hana C K Kakanl, M Pupuhl, D Puhi His Ex II AP Carter Presldent MOLOKAI R W Meyer, S Paulo, R Newton Members-His Ex· JS Walker. Hon CH Judd, Hon J JlIoanaull, Hon SG Wilder. OAHU. JA Has8Iu~er Secretary Kona....CJ Lyons, J Moanauli, D Kahanu, Port PhysicIan, FB Hutchinson, JlI D JS Smithies TRAVELING PHYSICIANS-Kohala, Hawaii, L EWH aud Walanae Kaikanahaole,. S s.. Thompson; Physician to the Leper Set· Prevlere, S Gandall . tlement, JlIolokal, Dr Chas Neilson; Kau, Walalua H Warden, J Amara, JF HN Vlneberg; Hamakna, GB Greenfield; AnderilOn \Yailuku. F HEndel's; l.ahaina, --; Koolauloa Kaluhi, Nal1l,W GLane Makawao, AC :>taudart; Kaual, JK Koolanpoko WE PII, G Barenaba, C If Smith; Honolulu, NB Emerson. . Jndd .A.e:ents.,-T W Everett, Maul. L Severance. KAUAI. lIawal!. SW WllcoxJ Kaual. D Dayton, Moloa and L1hue...... WH Rice. BKaieo. Oahu; J H. Brown. lor Honolulu. RW Pahuwal ]lleyer. Jllolokal. Agents to Acknowledge Contracts for Hawaiian Board of Health. Labor. ColouelC HJudd President GUllc.~: Members..~ EP Edwards, J Moanauli Oahu-Honolulu....CT JU Kawai.. nul, JA HaBslnger, w Auld, S ]I{ Carter Commissionen of Crown Lands. Walalna....C II Kalama, S NEmer­ HAP Carter, JS Walker. C IIJudd, Agent. son, HN Kahulu: Koolauloa WC Lane Appraisers of Lands subject to Govern­ Koolaupoko G Barenaba, EP ment Commutation. Edward. Hawaii RA Lpnan, JH Nawahl Ewa and Walanae S Kaanaana, JD Holt: Maul, Molokai, and Lanal...TW Everett, L Hawall-Hilo L Severance, JH Pahio, Aholo, D Kahalllelio. S K Mahoe, DK Pa Oahu..JS Smithies, C Brown,RFBickerton Kona.....K Kamanoha, J \V Smith Kaual...... J Hardy, P KaliOa, JH Wana Hamakua....JK Ka;malllano, RP Kulkahl, GW Wilfong, SF Commissioners of Boundaries. Chilllngworth Hawaii. RA Lyman North Kohala....Chas L Hopkins, Maul, Molokal, and Lanal•...... L Aholo John Maguire . Oahu RF Bickerton South Kohala...... G Bell, J Jones Kauai.•..•••.....•...•.•••.....•.••••J Hardy Kan....J Kauballe, JN Kapahu, WW Goodale .. . Road Supervisors. PlIna JN Kamoku Hawau-Hllo JF Jordan JlIanl-J,ahama K Nahaolelua, L Aholo North Kohala J Smith Walluku..JW Kalua, G E Boardman Sonth Kohala SP Wahlnenui Makawao G Gleudon, Jas Smyth North Kona JW Smith Hana Kahele opio, JK Hanuna South Kona H Cooper Molokai and Lanal..J WM Poohea, G Keklpl Kau ' WT Martin Kaual-Koloa JD Neal, W II Deverill, Kn Hamakua...••••..Charlcs Williams Lihue J B· Hanaike Puna JF Jordan Hanalei J Kaae, JW Loka Maui-Lahaina D Tayl"r Waimea M Kamalenai, J Noddles \Valluku HA Luscomb Kawaihau..T Kalaeone, J M Kealo- Hana.•.•••.••••..•.•••••.....•...... ha,J Mahoe Makawao J Keohokaua Nlihau ., Kaomea Molokal. J Lima Lanai.. Henry Gibson Board of Education· Oahu-Kona CW Hart President...... "...... Hon CR Bisho!> Kaual-Walmea and Nlihau V Knudsen Jllembers-J M Smith, Hons G Rhodes, E 0 Koloa J Hardy Hall, JU Kawllinul. Lihue and Kawaihau SW Wilcox Jnspector General of Schools DD Baldwin lIanalel C Bertlemlln Secretary WJ Smltb 67

HAWAIIAN REGISTER AND DIRECTORY FOR 1881.

Agents to take Acknowledgments to In­ DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS. struments. Mluister of ForAffairs..•..His Ex WL Green Hawaii-W C Bordeu, Hilo district; J W Secretary ofDept Curtis P lauke&. Smith, C N Spencer, J Kauhane, F Spen­ HAWAIIAN DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR AGENTS. cer, L .Ii: Swain, IIi, Kahookano, JR Mills, G Bell, C Meinecke, Kapahll Mini.kr Resident. Malli-H Dickenson, T W.li:verett, CK Ka­ Washington, DC lIis Ex E HAllen kani, PN Makee, J D. Havekost, T N Charges d',Affairu and Cbn.ul. General. Birch, R Newton, Kaiua New York : ; E R Allen, jr MoJokai-R W Meyer, S K Knpihea, JW Loudou, Eugland M HopkInS Nakuina Paris, France...... ••WW Martin Oahu-,W C Lane, SN Emerson, G Barcnaba, Germany.... • J C Pfluger C Brown, JS Kaamaana, Kaliko Lima Peru R II Beddy Kanai-F Blndt, SW Wilcox, G N Wileox, Valparaiso. D Thomas C Bertlemen, W H Deverill Cbn.ul. General. Nlihau-C Kaheie HongkonKand Macao, China.••..W Keswick Syduey, .N SW ·.A S Webster Commissioners of Private Ways and Yokohama, Japan 11 P Lillibridge Water Rights. Sweden and Norway HA Biirger HAWAII. Brussels, BelO' ....Ferd de Cannart d'Hamale Copenhagen,'henmark..••.•Julius Holmblad Hllo.••••••.•••••••.•••D Keawehano, Kamai Hamakna...... T F Mullis, JK Kaunamano, Cbn.uls, d!c. • J RMllIs . San Francisco, Cal. .. .• •.....HW Severance North and Sonth Kohala...... J Smith, SC Portland, Oregon.•.••.••••••; •••. J McCraken Luhiau, Z Kalai ... . Boston, Mass E 1

68

HAWAllAN REGISTER AND DIRECTORY FOR 1881.

Foreign Consuls, Etc. DEPARTMENT OF ATTORNEY United State. (Acting)..... •• FP Hasting. GENERAL. US Vice Con.nl. FP Ha\;tingl Attorney·General .•..IIis Ex WN Arm.trong British Vice Con.u!. TH Davie. Clerk to Attorney-General .. .. •. Austro.Hungarian E Holfmann MD Mar.hal of the Hawaiian I.land•..WC Parke Netherland l JH Pat Belgium (actiDlr) f Y Deputy Mar.ha!..' David Dayton Sheriffof HawaiI. L Severanc," Italy FA Scha~fer Peru AJ Cartwright Sheriff of Maui. TW Everett Chile.: 08 Bartow Sheriff of Kaual. '" ...... SW Wilcox German Empire JC Glade Jailor of Oahn Pri.on DK Fyfa Sweden and Norway, ...•.•••••••••JC Glade Ru.sia, VIce Con.ul JW P1Iuger SchDol Agents in Commission, Portuga!...... • J Perry HAWAII. Japan Commercial Agent J 0 Carter Hllo L Severance Denmark (Hana, Mani) A Unna Denmark ·(Acting) H R Macfarlane ~~~~::::::::::::::::::::::::::~ IfvS~ij':~~ US Con.ular Agent (i111o) T !;pencer South and North Kona HN Greenwell Spain RW Laine South Kohala RevL Lyon. Chinese Commercial Agent....••Chung Fang North Kohala EN Dyer US C~n.ular Agent...(Kahului)...AF Hopke Hamakua Rev J Bicknell MAUL DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE. Lahaina and Lanai R Newtou Minister of Finance...... Hi. Ex JS Walker Wailukn HA Kinuey Hana SW Kaai ~fi~~[~~3~;;'~~l~f~~~~~~~:::::: wGl.m~~ lIfakawao HP Baldwin Deputy ColIector ER Hendry Molokai R W Meyer Harbor Master of Honolulu..•.Capt ~FulIer capt. A McIntyre, OAHU. Pilots In Honolulu...... W Babcock, and Honoluln, Ewa, and Waianae WJ Smith { PP Shepherd Waialua JF A.nder.on Port Surveyor...... ; ...... WA Markham KooJanloa WC Lane Koolaupoko : Rev J Mannel Honolulu Fire Department. KAUAI. Organized 1851. Annual Election ofEngineer. Waimea and Nlihau V Knud.en ]<'ir.t Monday 10 June. Officers for 1&l(}-1. Koloa Rev JW Smith Chief Engineer G Lues. Koloa, Koolna, and Hanalei....8 W Wilcox First Assistant Engineer J Nott Second Assistant Engineer Jsme.Dodd Life, Fire a.ud MarineInsuranceAgencies Secretary and Treasurer.•••••••••.CT Gulick Fire Marshal JW McGuire FIremen'. Fund Bi.hop & Co Liverpool & London & Globe Blshop & Co AnnnalParade Day ofDepartment.... Feb 3d Eqnitable Life A J Cartwright IIonolulu Engine Company No 1 (steam), Imperial Fire : A J Cartwright formed 1850, organized July18,1855. Annnal New Elli'land Mutual Life Ca.tle & Cooke election of officere,1Irst Wedne.day in July. Union, San Francisco Ca.tle & Cooke ( Mechanic Engine Company No 2. organized British and Foreign Marine....• 1.' H Davies December, 1850, admitted February 3, 1850. Northern Fire and Life...... '1' H Davies Annual election of officers, 1Irst Wednesday Rhelni.h Westphalian Lloyd...... JC Glade in February. Aachen and Lc:psic .1 C Glade Hawaii Engine Co No 4, organized February Califoruia Marine H Hackfeld & Co 1861. Annual election of officers, 1Ir.t Tues. North German Fire H Hackfeld & Co day in February. Trans·Atlantic Fire H Hackfeld & Co China Engine Company No 5 (steam), organ. Swiss Lloyd Fire H Hackfeld & Co ized February, 1879. New York Life.•.....••••... II Hackfeld & Co Pacific Ho.e Company No ·1, organized Janu· Nor Br & Merc'l F & L ...Hoffschlaeger & Co ary, 1861, as Engine Company No 3, changed Northwe.tern Mutual Life...... J is Walker to a Ho.e Company December 14, 1863. An. Swi.s IJoyd Marine •.....•••••.•JS Walker nual election of officers, .econd Monday in Union Fire ofNew Zealand J S Walker January. HamburJ(·Magdebnrg Fire, A Jaeger Protection Hook and Ladder Company No 1, Magdeburg General Marine A Jaeger. re-organized September, 1857. Ann!:al elec· Manhattan Life JH Paty tion of officer.; firet Monday in September. Hamburg-Bremen Fire FA Schaefer & Co German Lloyd Marlne FA Schaefer & Co FIRB WABD8 01' HONOLULU. Fortuna Marine...... FA Schaefer & Co Ward No 1-Comprise. all that portion North Mutuai Life ofNew york Wilder & Co of Fort Street, and makai of Hotel Street. On 'l'ai Marine...... Chulan & Co Ward No 2-Compri.e. alI that portion South of Fo!t Street, and makai of Hotel Street. .Ward No 3-Compri.e. all that portion North Sailors' Home Society• of Fort Street, and mauka of Hotel Street. Organized 1853. Meets annually In December. Ward No 4-.Compri.e. all that portion South President 8 N Ca.& of Fort Street, and mauka of Hotel Street. Sec'y....F A Schaefer I Trea.. ••. CR Bi.hop \}Vard No 5-Ves.el. in Harbor ot Honolulu. Ex Com-E 0 Hall. P C J Qnes, SC Damon 69

HAWAIIAN REGISTER AND DIRECTORY FOR 1881;

Volunteer Military Companies. British Benevolent Society. Prince's Own-Artillery; •• Hls :Majesty, Maj; Organized 1860. Meets annually May 24. CP Iaukea, Adj; H Kaaha, Capt President JH Wodehouse Leleiohoku Guard-Cavalry ...... Makanul, Vice President..•.....••...Rev A Mackintosh Capt ~ Sec·y..•.JS Smithies I Treas...AS Cleghorn Hawaiian Guards, Co ACT Gnlick, Capt Ex Uommittee..G Rhodes, G Lucas. A Young Hawaiian Guards, Co BC BWllson Capt Mamalahoa WP Wood British Club. Organized 1852. Premises ou Union Street, Queen's Hospital. two doors beiow Beretania. Erected In 1860. President... .. AS CIE!lj'horn President HIS MAJESTY THE KING Sec'y G Brown I Treas tt May Vlce-Presldent. C C Harris Managers-A S Cleghorn. Godfrey Brown, H Secretary .. FA Schaefer Macfarlane. Trea'llrer J H Paty Auditor EP Adams American Relief Fund. Physlcians.••..R :McKibbin, FB Hutchinson Organized 1864. Meets annually February 22 EXECUTIVE COMMlTTEE-C R Bishop. J 11 Paty, President: AJ Cartwright F A Schaefer, AJ Cartwright. AS Cleghorn. Vlce·President Rev SC Damon Secretary and Treasurer•••• ;••.••C R Bishop LODGES. Ls !'ROGRES DE L'OCEANIE, No. 124, A F& A Mechanics' Benefit Union. M; meets on King St, on the last Monday in Organized 1856. each month. Pres : R Grey IVicc-P•.JW McGuire 8ec'y Wm Auld Treas...... J S Lemon HAWAIIAN, No 21, F & A M; meets In its Hall cornel Queen and Fort Streets, on the first Monday in each month. German Benevolent Society. Organized August 22, 1859. ROYAL ARCH CHAPTER; meets In the hall of President HW Schmidt Le Progres de rOceanie every third Thurs· Secretary Max Eckart day of each month. Treasurer JF Hackfeld COMMANDERY No 1 KNIUHTS TEMPLAR; meets at the Lodge Room of Le Progres de l'Oce­ Library and Reading Room Association. anie second Thursday of each month. Organized March 1, Incorporatcd June 24,1879 KAMEIlAMEHA LODGE OJ!' PERJ!'ECTION No 1, President AS Hartwell A&AS R; meets in the hall of Le Progres Vice-President Dr C M Hyde de 1'0ceanie every fourlh Thursday of each Sec'y..II A Parmelee I Treas AL Smith month. Directors-A J Cartwright, TG Thrum, Dr NUUANU CHAPTER OJ!' ROSE CROIX, No.1, A CT Rodgers, HR Hollister. W Hill RF & AS R. meets at the Hall of Le Progres Bickerton. 8 B Dole. J Ashworth, W JOhn­ de 1'0ceanie, first Thursday In the month. sona ALEXANDER LmOLlHo COUNCIL OJ!' KADOSH ; St.' Antonio Benevolent Society. meets on the thild Monday of alternate Organized December, 1876. months from February. Presldent J Perry EXCELSIOR No 1, I 0 of 0 F; meets at the hall Vice-President M B SlIvar.. In Odd Fellows' Building, Oll Fort St, every Sec Joe Enos I 'l'reas J !tobello Tuesday evening. HARMONY LODGE, No.3. I 0 of 0 F; meets German Benefit Union. each Thursday In the lIall ot Excelsior Or~anized February, 1880. Lodge. President M Eckart POLYNESIAN ENCAMPMENT No 1, 10 of 0 F' Sec HJ Nolte I Treas C Ilolte meets at Odd Fellows' llall, first and third Fridays of each month. Deutscher Verein. Lo~GE' Organized 1879. OAHU No 1. K of P ;'meets every President J C Glade Wednesday at Hall on Hotel Street. Vice·President...•...••••...•.11 W Schmidt HAWAIIAN TRIBE, No 1. Imp 0 R M; meets Secretary and Treasurer..... •.•. P Opfergelt at the hall of Oahu Lodge. K of P, every Friday evening. Hooulu Lahui Benevoleut Society. COURT LUNALILO, No 6600, A'O of Foresters; Organized 1878. meets at hall of Oahn Lodge, K of P, on President 0011 M THE QUEEN secondand fonrth Tuesdays of each month. Treasurer Mrs J G Dickson Strangers' Friend Society. Amateur Musical Society. Or~anized 1852. Annual meeting In June. Organized 1851. Re-organlzed 1878. - President Mrs 8 C Damon President Dr J M Smith Vice-Presidents-MrsCR Bishop and Mrs T H Vice-Prcsldent JC Glade Hobron. :1llusical Director AT Atkinson Sec'y...Mrs L Smith I Treas•.Mrs SE Bishop Leader ; ••••••••••••••R Berger Directress Mrs A Mackintosh 'l·reas C M Cooke I Sec...... WW Hall 70

HAWAIIAN REGISTER AND DIRECTORY FOR 1881. Oahu College. Maile Social Club. Looated at Punahon, two miles east of Organized January 10, 1878. Honolulu. President...... •...... ••...ER Hendry Prp.sident Rev WL Jonts. A M Vice-Presldent..•.....•..•.•..E Holdsworth In.tructor in Languages.•••••..•1' E Adam. Sec••••.•W II Giffard I Treas•.JI Dowsett,Jr First Assistant Mlss Winter Second As.istant Miss Royce Places of Worship. Teacher of Music Mr. JE Hanford BETHE];. CHURCH (Congregational), corner of 'reacher of Drawlng MI•• EC Jone. King and Bethel streets, Rev S e Damon, Matron : .••...•, •• Mrs WL Jones D D. Pastor. Services every Sunday at 11 A M. Sunday-school meets at 9.45 ... M. Board of Hawaiian Enngelic&l Asso- Prayer M~etlng Wednesday evenings at ciation. ".30. . . Originally organl2:ed 1823. FORT-STREET CHURCH (Congregational). cor­ Cons.titution revised 1863. Ann·l.meet'~ .Tune. ner of Fort and Beretania streets, Rev W Pre.ldent Rev rUoan Frear. Pastor. Services every Sunday at Vice-Pre.ident Rev W Frear 11 A M and 7\1, P M. Snnday-.chool meets Corre.pondingSe'Cretary Rev A 0 Forbe. one hour before morning service. Prayer Recording Secretary Rev C M Hyde, DD Meeting Wedne.day evenings at 7.30. and Trea.urer...E O.l1a11 1Auditor....P C Jones Snnday evening. at 6.45. ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH, Fort street, near ,. Ladies' Benevolent Society of Fort Street Beretania; Rt Rev L Maigret, Lord Bishop Church. of Arathea; Rev Abbe Modesto and Rev 0'15anized 1853. Meet. annnally In April. Father Hermann, assisting. Services every President Mr. W FAllen Sunday at 5 and 10 A M. and at 4Yt P )I. Vice-Prcsident Mr. WW lIall Low Mass every day at 6 and 7 A M. High Sec·y..Mi••HS Jndd I Trea Mr. PC Jones Mas. Sundays and Saints' day. at 10 A M. Directre...... :ftlr. E 0 Hall CHRI8'rIA.N CHINESE CHURCH, Fort street, Sit Moon, Acting Pastor. Service. every Sunday at 10.30 A M and 7.30 P M. Prayer Young Men's Christian Association. lIeeting Wednesday. at 7.30 P M. Organized 1869. Annnal meetin'" In April. EPISCOPAL CHURCH. Emma Square; Rt Rev Pre.ident Dr J'M Whitney Bishop of Honolulu omclating. a.slsted Vice-Pre.ident...... E C Damon by Rev A Macintosh and Rev T Black­ ·1 Sec·y...... W Kinney I Treas. Chao PeteI'llon bnrn. Service.in English every Snnday at 6.3U and 11 A M. and ., Yo P M. Service. in Mission Children's Society. Hawaiian every Suuday at 9 A)[ and 3\1, P Organized 1851. Annual Meetlng;ln Jnne. )I. Sunday-school meet. one honr before President...... •..•....Prof WD Alexander English morning service. Vice-President I1on A F Judd NATIVE CHURCHES. Rccording Secretary...••.•..•...F J Lowrey Cor Secretary Mi•• M A Chamberlain KAWAIAHAO CHURCH (Oongregational). c"r­ Home Cor Secretary Mr. M Benfield ncr of King and Punchbowl .treet•• Rev Electivellemb·•..Mrs SE Bi.hop, PC Jone. HH Parker. Pa.tor. Services In Hawaiian Trea.urer WW Hall every Sunday at 11 A M, and at 7.30 on Sunday evenmgs alternating with Kanma­ kapilt Sunday-school at 1U A M. Prayer Boards of Underwriters-Ag3ncies. Meeting every Wedne.day at 7.30 P M. Boston... .. C Brewer & Co KAUMAKAPILI CHURCH (Congre$ational). Philadelphia C Brewer & Co Beretania street, near MuunaKea. Rev New YOl"k ~ AJ Cartwrilfht M Kuaea. Pa.tor. Service. in Hawaiian Liverpool TH DaVie. every Sunday at lOY. ... M. and at 7y' P M Lloyd.-London T II Davie. on Sunday evening. alternating with Ka­ San Francl.co H Hackfeld & Co waiahao. Sundar-.chool at 9Yt A M. Prayer Bremen,Dre.den,Vienna.•...••.FA Schaefer Meeting every Wedne.day at 7Ys P M. Anniversaries. New year Jannary 1 l'ublications. Birth of tho Q.ueen of Great Brltain May 24 The Gazette, i.sned every Wedne.day morn­ In Memory of Kamehameha I June 11 ing. R Grieve. Publisher and Proprietor. American Independence July 4 The Saturday Press. I••ued every Saturday Birth of Hi. ~bijesty the King November 16 morning. Thoma. G Thrum, Busine.s Recognition Haw Independence. Manager. . Christmas December 25 The Advertiser, i.sued every Satnrday mOrn. Ing. W M Gibson, Editor and Publisher. Packet Agencies. The Friend, i••ued on the first of each Uoston Packet•...... •.•...•.C Brewer & Co month. Rev SC Damon, Seamen'. Chap­ Planter.' Line (S F).••••••••.C Brewer & Co lain. Editor and Publl.her. Spreckels Line...... ••••. "WG Irwin & Co llerchants' Line (S F) Ca.Ue & Cooke The Hawaii Pae Aina (native). I.sued every New York Line Castle & Cooke Saturday morning. JU Kawainul, Pub­ LiverpOOl & Glasgow.••GW Macfarlane & Co li.her and Editor. Pacific Mail SS Co II Hackfeld & Co The Kuokoa (native). I••ued every Saturday 'Y' Bremen Packets II Hackfeld & Co morning. Rev HH Parker, Pnblisher and Hawaiian Packet Line H Hackfcld & Co Editor. 71

RAINFALL FOR HILO, 1880.

KEPT AT PAPAIKOU, BY HITCHCOCK", CO. Inche•• Incl'es. Dccember, 1879.... •••• •••••••• ..... ••• 4.72 June•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••;..... 8.39 January, 1880..•••.••••••••••••••••••••• 13.97 Jnly '18.21 February 32.52 Augnst...... •••••••••• .••• 8.91 March •••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 13.98 September 14.43 April.•••.••••••••••••.•••••••••••, ••••• 13.98 May•••••••••••••••••,. ••••••••••; •••••• 7.76 ~~t.;'~~~;::::::::::::::~:::::: :::::::: l~:~g Total•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••.••.••155.23 1878--From January 18t to December 31Bt •••••••••••••••••••• 70.46 inches 1879-From January 1st to Decembe' lsI••••••••••••: ••••.•••112.43 .. 1880-From December 18t, 1879, to December 1st, 1880••••••••155.23 "

JNO. S. WALKER. Z. S. SPALDING. WM. G. IRWIN. W'M. G. IRW'IN & CO., SUGAR FACTORS, 8HIPPING AND OOMMI8SION AGENTS. --:0:--

-AGENTS FOR-

Costa's Plantation, Hilo, Hawaii; Naalehn Plantation, Kan, Hawaii ; Honoapu Plantation, Hawaii; Hakalau Plantation, Hawaii ; Paauhau Plantation, Hawaii; Makee Plantation, Maui; Waihee Plantation, Maui; Makee Sugar Company, Kanai ; Kealia Plantation, Kauai; Spreckels' line of Packets; D. R. Vida (Star Mill), Hawaii; Star Mill) Kohala, Hawaii ; Hilea Plantation, Kan, Hawaii j Hawaiian Commercial Com~ny, Maui ; Greig &; Bicknell's (Jfanning's Island) Cocoanut Oil. H. A. P. CARTER. P. C. JONES, JR. c. BREW'ER &-CO., SHIPP'INC A.NO COMMISSION MERCHANTS, HONOLULU, HAWAllAN ISLANDS. H. R. HOLLISTER. H. A. PARMELEE. ;t;l;lSIJ!lB &- fJJ, ~; .'0 NO••'NlJUANU ST. HONOLULU, IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN

TOBACCO AND SNUFF,

SOLE AGENTS FOR THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS FOR P.· Lori//ard & CO., Buchanan & Lyall, VANITY FAIR AND OLD JUDGE TobaccoandCigarettes

AND

THE CROWN PERFUMERY CO., LONDON.

ALSO, MANUFACTURERS OF

S'ODA ',WATER,. GINGER· ALE,. &C .. -:0:-

.. ~Physicians' Prescriptions carefully compounded by an experienced Pharmaceutist at any. hour of the Day or Night.

, . WEL~E,4JIE~!) DElmQlIf1J} & ~~!> \ ' SHIPPINC AND Commission Merchants,

Union Block, Corner Market and Pine Sts., San Francisco, Cal.

-:0:-

. AGENTS FOR The Pacific Mail S. S. Co. . The Cunard Royal Mail S. S. Co.: The J?acific Steam Navi~ation Co. The China Traders Insurance Co., Limited. The Marine. Insurance Co., of London. "' A.W'. BUSH, " :FAMIL.Y GR'OO~JRY, ODD FELLOWS' BUILDING, ~ Nos. 93 and 95 Fort Street Honolulu, H. I. IMPOR'fER AND DEALER IN CHOICE GROCERIES. -.:0:- FAMILIES AND SHIPPING SUPPLIED. All Coods Waranted. -:0:- Particnlar attention given to pntting np Stores for Officers and other MesseS of Vessels of War. -:0:- GRAPES FROM THE WAILUKU VINEYARD, and BUTTER FROM 'fHE KAHUKU RANCH, HAWAll. -:0:- FINE TEAS AND COFFEE A SPECIALTY. ~~EMJ . rcDNJ~ INSURANCE ....f COMPANY ~ OF CALIFORNIA. ~ Assets, --- $1,200,000 •• Th@ Fir@maU8 Fuud IU8urauc@ gompauy BASES ITS CLAIMS to the best patronage upon its SOUND 'FINANCIAL CONDITION reinf'orced by its recent LARGE ACCESSION OF CAPITAL; its EXTENSIVE SYSTEM OF AGENCIES, giving it a LARGE PREMIUM INCOME, without the necessity or heavy concentration orrisks; its adherence to the BEST PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES OF UNDER­ WRITING; and its prompt aud equitable ADJUSTMEN~ AND SETTLEMENT OF LEGITIMATE... LOSSES• D. J. STAPLES, President. GEO. D. DORNIN, Secretary. ALPHEUS BULL, Vice-President. W. J. DUTTON, Asst. Secretary. • • BISHOP'&' CO., ACENTS, 110NOLULU, H. I•. BOLLES & CO., Ship Chandlers, Commission Merchants

IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN GENER ...'-\.L MEROHANDISE, New Fire-Proof 8tore, No. 34 Queen 8treet,

:E:ONOL"tTL"tT, O.A:E:'tT., :E:. :r:.

Hawaiian Produce Bought and Sold. 8. N. CASTLE. J. B. ATHERTON. ~4S~~B ~ ~Q~~E~ Shipping and Commission Merchants, IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN GENERAL MEROH ANDISE, NO. 70 KING STREET, HONOLULU, H. I. --:0:-- AGENTS FOR: The Unbn Insurance Company of San Francisco, California, .. The New England Mutual Life Insurance Company, Boston; The Celebrated Blake's Steam and Vacuum Pumps, Weston's Patent Centrifugals; Dr. Jayne & Son's Celebrated ~Iedicines ; Wheeler & Wilson's Sewing Machines, Singer Sewing Machines, Wilcox & Gibbs' Sewing Machines; The Merchants' (S. F.), and New York and Honolulu Packet Lines, The Kohala Plantation, I Waialua Plantation, The Haiku Plantations, Hamakua Plantation Hitchcock & Co., Papaikou Plantation. it@) DQjWilYllD~ IJnUGGtST AND ~POTHECAnYJ -CORNER OF-- :E="ort a.nd. ~erch.a.nt streets, ~onolulu, :El:. J:... Importer and ,Dealer in Drugs, Chemicals, Patent Medicines, Toilet Articles and Druggist's Sundries. A full line of Lubin's, Gosnell's, Lundborg's, Bazin's, 'Venek's, Rimmel's, Atkinson's, Coudray's, and Penaud's Goods constantly on hand. A complete stock of American, English, and French Patent Medicines and Proprietary articles. . A fine assortment of Tooth, Hair, Nail, and Shaving Brushes. Combs, Toilet, Bath, Carriage, and Surgeon's Sponges. Chamois Skins, Syringes, Breast Pumps, Atomizers, Nursery Bottles, etc. --:0:-- Particular attention paid to the Oompounding of Physician's Pre­ scriptions and Family Rec·ipes. Also, to the filling of Plantation Orders and Ship's Medicine Chests, H.HACKFELD & CO., orE~E~~L COMMISSION MERCHANTiS, lIONOLULU, HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. PACIFIC· MAil STEAMSHIP CO. -:0:- .For San Francisco December 20th, 1880, and every fourth Monday thereafter. For Auckland and Sydney December 25th, 1880, and every fourth Saturday thereafter. H. HACKFELD & CO., Honolulu Agents. W. M. WENNER. JOHN SWENERZ. WENNER & CO.,' FORT-STREET, Opposite Odd Fellows' Hal~

Jewelers, Diamond Setters,Engrauers,

-AND·- DEALERS IN JEWELRY OF· ALL KINDS.. -:0:-

-.-:0:-

Orders also received and faithfully' attended to for all kinds of /

m-ENCOURAGE~ HOME MANtIFACTtIRE. --:0:-- F. HORN, Practical Confectioner and Pastry Cook, HOTEL STREET, BETWEEN FORT AND NUUANU STREETS. Havinl:( added to his Candy Factory a $hHtm @and~ MaJnttffa@t~r~n~ A~~araJtY$1J Now Moulds and :n-Iachines of the Newest Designs and Patterns-Parents, Guard~ ians of Children, and my Customers generally are guaranteed that all Candies made at Horn's Steam Candy Factory are STRIOTLY PUREI And free from all poisonous substances, such as Terra Alba, or White Earth, and all mercurial color~, as Paris Green, Prussian Blue, Chrome Yellow, and other injurious substances so exten- sively used in the manufacture of Foreign Candies. The Gum Drops are no Imitation Like the :I::z:nported.. "But are made of the finest quality of Gum Arabic. Please take particular notice . that my pure and wholesome Home-made Candies are sold 25 per cent. Cheaper than the Imported Candies. Constantly in receipt of LATEST NEW YORK AND CHICAGO TOOLS AND MACHINERY. --:0:--

Made of the .Richest Mixtures Rnd Flavors, and Ornamented in the highest style of the art. American, French, English, and German Pastries Made toOrder. --:0:-- . ON EXHIBITION AND FOR SALE AT THE COMING HOLIDAYS, The Greatest Assortment of Rioh and Plain Fruit, Pound, Sponge &Jelly Cakes Ever shown in Honolulu, of the finest quality, Ornamented and Plain, all made of the very best material, and Sol.d. a't San. Fran.c:l.sco Prices. --:0:-- Guava Jelly, Preserved Tamarinds, and Tamarind Syrup, ConStantly on hand and for Sale. DILLINGHAM & CO., IMPORTERS, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN Hardware, ~mplements, Hollow Ware, Lamps, Lanterns;CJlandeliers, Kerosene Oil. AFULL LINE 'OF HOUSE FURNISHING GOODS Table Cutlery, Scissors, Shears, Razors, A large line of Cheap and Fine Pocket Cutlery, Butcher Knives, Steels, &c., &C. SILVEE PLATED "WARE Masury's Paints, Valentine's Carriage Varnishes, Regular Shelf Paints in large assortment, Furniture, Damar and Coach Varnishes, American and English Lead and Zinc, Boiled and Raw Linseed Oil, Turpentine, A large assortment of House, Sign and Carriage Paints, Paint and Varnish Brushes, Cordage M to I%, inch, Fish Hooks and Lines, Seine and Wrapping Twine, Carriage and Wagon Axles and Springs. SOLE ACENTS FOR THE

r Bain & Cortland Wagon Man'fg Companies.

SOLE AGENTS FOR TIlE CALIFORNIA CO'S

'ftIIi'~x~"""" AVERELL. ~~~~!!!!!!!!I~~ Celebrated Althow;;e Wind Mills, A. S. Hallidie's· Patent Endless Wire Rope-way. and Barbed F.ence. Wire and Staples, CALIFORNIA WIRE ~WORKS CO. --:0:-- AT THE NEW BRICK· BUILDING No. ::37 Fort Street, ~onolu.lu., ~. J:. HONOLULU IRON WORKS COMPANY,

MANUFACTURERS AND IMPORTERS OF ALL KINDS OF Sugar Plant and Other Machinery, ENGINES, BOILERS, SUGAR MILLS, MILL GEARING, VAOUUM PANS AND AIR-PUMPS, WATER WHEELS. Sheet Iron Work-including Pans, Smoke Stacks, Coolers, Tanks, . Bar Iron of all sizes, Brass Cocks, Valves, Gauges, Steam Whistles, Union Couplings, GlassGauge Tubes, Babbitt Metal, Belt Laces, Rubber Packing, . . Copper and Brass Wire Gauze, Cotton Waste, Galvanized Wire Cloth, Boiler and Tank Rivets, Flax and Hemp Packing, Angle Iron, Norway Ir~n, Steel; Nuts, Washers, etc. CUMBERLAND COAL, AND FIRE CLAY. A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF ~NGLI~H AN~ AMtRI~!N ~AK TANN~~ L~ATH~R BUTING. --:0:--

AGENTS FOR THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS FOR THE National Tube lVorks Co., of Boslon,Mass.; '.. Putnam .Machine Co., Fitchburg, Mass.; and The Farrell Foundry and Machine Co., Connecticut.

--:0:-- We will furnish Engines and Sngar Plant made by the above celebrated Foun­ dries, and will contract, if required, for the erection of any Machinery by the above makers when imported by us. --:0:-- Steam and Water Pipes and Fittings, BLACK OR GALVANIZED,

Of English or American Thread, which we will furnish at prices hitherto un­ known in this market. Steam and Water Pipes, from ~ to U inches in diameter, with all the fittings for same. Light Water Pipes for Lead.ing Water for Irriga.ting Purposes. Putnam Lathes Always In Stock.. t- s. c; ALLE~. M. P. ROBINSON. ALLEN &··ROBINSON,

.(AT ROBINSON'S WHARF) D~!br: in ~~ll, LumD~r, ~n!&llRin!: of Builaing M!hri!l:, PAINTS, OILS, NAILS, &0. Agents of Schooners PAUAHI, KULAMANU, LEAHI, HALEAKALA, UILAMI, KAUIKEOULI, KEKAULUOHI, LURA, CATERINA. , G. W.MACFARLANE&CO., Importers and Commission Merchants AND DEALERS IN GEN ER-,-L\.~L MEROHANDISE

Robinson's Fire ProofBuilding, QUEEN STREET, HONOLULU, HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. -AGENTS FOR- The Pun10a Sheep Rallc11 Company, The Spencer Plantation. Hilo, The Waikapu Plantation, Maui, Huelo Sugar Mill, ],Jaui, The.G1asgow and HonoTu1n Line of Packets, The Liverpool and Honolnlu Packet Line, Mirrlees, Tait & Watson's Sugar Machiney, Union Gas Machine Company. E. O. HALL & SON, , Corner of Fort and King Sts., Honolulu,

IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN '. HARDWARE, AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS, ::bI.l:eriden :Plated "VV"are" PAINTS, OILS, STOVES, AND GENERAL MERCHANDISE. HENRY J. HART. ELLIS HART. ASTOR HOUSE Dining and Lunch Parlors, Nos. 76 and 78 Hotel Street, ~art Bro'tl:1.ers, Proprie'tors. -:0:- BOARD BY THE DAY, WEEK, OR TRANSIENT. -:0:- Billiards, Cigars, Cigarettes and rrobacco, Soda Water and other Iced Drinks. -:0:- MEalS SERVED IN FIRST-CLASS STYlE AT All HOURS. :.a:~:E~l:I:' :S:I;aOS_~ TOBACCO AND BilLIARD SALOON NO. 19 NUUANU STREET, HONOLULU, H. I. Dealers in all kinds of Curiosities, Volcanic Specimens from Kilauea, f]IEB~J1LSl~ 6QB£LSJ & GEmEBll& GUBEOSJ Of the Pacific Islands. Specimen Cases and Cabinets· On Hand, OR FITTED UP ON SHORT NOTIOE. CHOICE CANDIES RECEIVED BY EVERy STEAltIER. TJl:!l~ (QJJl@l ~(Q)~!Ql~~~ ESTABLISHED 1858. BILLIARD, COFFEE -AND- REFRESHMENT SALOON. Corner of Queen and Nuuanu Sfs., Honolulu, H. I. -:(':- CONSTANTLY ON HAND, A FULL SUPPLY OF Choice Havana, Manila and German Cigars, Finest Sruokin<>' and Chewin:;: Tobacco, Meerschaum, Briar Wood and Clay Pipes, Cigar Holders, Amber Mouth Pieces, Tobacco Pouches, Horn Hipe Tips, &c., &c., &c. HART BROS., Prourietors. ~ A.S. CLEGHORN& CO Shipping and Commission Merchants, _ AND DEALERS IN Gene».-al Merchandise AGENTS FOR THE Hilo Tannery Saddle and Sole Leather. Agents for the Best Kona Coffee. We are in receipt of fresh Kona Coffee direct from Plantations by every arrival. Partioular Attention Given to Island Orders Of every description, and Goods not in stock purchased or ordered from abroad to suit buyers. FIRE-PROOF STORES, Queen and Kaahumanu Sts., Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands.

-:o~- BRANCH STORES. ~_ S_ Olegb..ox::r:l. & 00_ AUCTIONEERS, Importers and Dealers in Ceneral Merchandise, At the Old Corner, Front and Waianuene Sts-, Hilo, Hawaii, H. I. J. H. MABY, Manager. PAHALA, KAU,HAWAII, H. L, T. C. WILLS, Manager. HOOKENA, KON.I1, HAWAII, H. L, tW. C. KING, Mana[Jcl". TYAIHEE, M.I1 UI, H. L, S. B. STODDARD, ~Iana[Jer. I(.I1 UJY.I1K.I1KAI, :A:fOLOK.I1I, H. L, L. LEPERTZ, ~Iana[Jer. -:0:- ~ At all of our Branch Stores will be found Groceries,. Dry Goods, Clothing, Fancy Goods, Notions, Boots and Shoes, Hardware, Crockery andGlassware, and all Goods that are­ kept in well found Country Stores. CORNER NUUANU AND QUEEN 8TREET8. HONOLULU.

Agent for the following Coasters:

Wa~lele. Waioli, Waimaln, Waiehn, Lilin, MaIolo, Gen. Seigel, Mana, Kalnna. ~Flag-Red, with White Ball. BROGLIE, SPEAR & CO., MANUFACTURING Jewelers, Diamond Setters and Engravers,

AND DEALERS IN

OF LATEST DESIGNS. -:0:- 8hell and Nut Jewelry Executed to Order on 8hort Notice. -:0:- NO. '2'5 FORT STREET, HONOLULU. J. W. GIRVIN, Commission Merchani &General Dealer IN DRY GOODS, GROCERIES, HARDWARE, StationerYl Patent MedioineslPerfumery, Glassware.

"'\ATAI::I:.itTXV~ :bI.I:AVI:.. A. M. MELLIS, IMPORTER OF Dry Goods, Fancy Goods, LADIES' AND GENTS' FURNISHING GOODS. -:0:- NEW GOODS BY EVERY STEAMER. -:0:- 104 FORT STREET. HONOLULU. H. I. _U5:1C BALL" ::S:::ONO:r..,"t:rLu., ::s:::. J:. (Situated on the Ground Floor.) -:0:- :E101ds Fu.11y 700Peop1e. --:0:- LIGHTED BY GAS. -:0:- Furnished with FoldingSeat Opera Chairs. -:0:- A FULL AND COMPLETE SET OF SCENERY BY W. T. PORTER. -:0:- ST.A.G-E 40by 60, Fitted witll nIl tIle Modern Improvements, by Stepllen Gulliver. c::w-FOR TERMS ADDRESS MUSIC HALL, Honolulu. MRS. A. MELLIS, FASHIONABLE Dress and Oloak Maker. -:0:- Latest Parisian and American Fashion Books and Patterns received by evcry Steallle~ -:0:- 104 FORT STREET, HONOLULU, H. I. HA\VAIIAN HOTEL, HOTEL STREET, HONOLULU, (With Entrances from Richards, Beretania, and Alakea streets.) . --:0:-

Will spare no pains to make this Elegant Hotel First-class in Every :Particu.lar. -:0:- Rooms can be had by the 'Veek or Night, with or without Board. LIVERY STABLE IN CONNECTION WITH THE HOTEL. A. W. RICHARDSON & CO., Importers and·Dealers in BOOTS AND SHOES,

Furnishing Goods, Trunks, Valises, &0.

W~~:Fm~Jl' W~:FCmN8, JBWB~fJ"!t, t»C.

Corner Fort and Merchant Streets,

HONOLULU, H. I.

-:0:- ORDERS FROM THE OTHER ISLANDS PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO. LAINE & CO., Empol!tel!& ond ~ommitSS1ioDl M!e~e.antse DEALERS IN HAY, GRAIN, AND GENERAL PRODUCE. Grain Grou.nd to .Order. ORDERS SOLICITED AND SATISFACTION GUARANTEED. STORAGE FOR GOODS.' Office, Fort Street (below Lucas'), Honolulu, H. I. 'WILDER. & CO., IMPORTEHS AND DEA.LER.S i:n. L Ul\I.[BER.. -AND- ALL REmuS! OD BUELBlmlG M4i!EB!4ltSfl HONOLULU, OAHU, H. I. Il11porters and Dealers in Coal. HARD AND SOFT COAL ALWAYS ON HAND. Steamers in want of Coal can be sure of Finding; a Full Supply.

KING, MASTER. REGULAR COMMUNICATION WITH THE OTHER ISLANDS. :-ALSQ--

DUDOIT. Master. LORENZEN, Master. fOR WINDWARD PORTS Of OAHU. ; . FOR MAI1I ANI! HAWAII W:lLDER ~ CO•

. -:0:-- Families, Hotels, and Steamers 8UPPLIED AT 21 GENT8 PER POUND. W'XLDEB c!tc CO.. MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

OF- NEW..YORK. w'ILDER & co., Agents. N08. 82, 84 AND 88 KING 8TREET, HONOLULU, H.I.

ESTABLISHED IN 1865.

MANUFACTURER OF ALL STYLES OF Carriages" Buggies, 'Vagons, Cane Carts, ox CARTS, AND ANYTHING ON WHEELS.

The Woodwork, Blacksmithing, Painting and Trimming, all done in the Shop• .A. FIRST - CLASS HORSE SHOER

Is also employed, who turns out Shoes from 2~ ounces to any weight required.

SHOES FOR TROTTING HORSES A SPECIALTY. Mr. West Employs only First-olass Workmen,

'And has just returned from the East, where he has purchased a

Comprising in part as follows: Bar Iron of all Sizes, Cumberland Coal in Bags or Sacks, Axles from 3-4 in. to 3! in., Hubs, Spokes, Rims, Felloes, Shafts, Poles, Etc. Oak, Ash and Hickory Plank of all sizes, Horse Shoes and Nails, Nuts, Washers, Bolts, Springs, Silver and Gold-plated Lamps, Wheel Bands, AND EVERYTHING NEEDED IN THE CARRIAGE LINE. M. DICKSQN, No. 51-Fort Street, Honolulu, Ha-waiian Islands, -PHOTOGRAPHER.

ALWAYS ON HAND AND FOR SALE: A VARIEDAND VALUABLE COLLECTION OFPHOTOGRAPHIC . vie~s a::r:l.d. J?o:rt:raits.

-..A.LSO-- A FUJ,.llSTOCK OF SHELLS, CORALS, FERNS, SEA MOSSES,. S.D. BURROWS~

CONTRACTOR and BUILDER,

125 and 127 Fort Street,

HONOLULU, HAW AIIAN ISLANDS

-:0:- STEAM SAW l\1ILLS. --:0:-- Planing and Moulding Machinel"Ye . -;0:- SCROLL SAWING, BLIN:QS, DOORS, SASHES, &c.

To·<.:>rder.

PLANS and SPECIFIC~TIOI~lSPREPARED .All Kinds of Mason -V'V'ork: Done. "tiP .,, .. KOA, KO~ AND OTHER NATIVE FMiTY mlODS ONH.H\ll.

-;0:-- ,

e-Order,.; from the other Islands shall l'eet'iYe prompt attention.

First-clRIIII Workmanship an(l Seasoned 1rlat"rf.

I , CECIL BROWN, ATTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR AT LAW, NO.8 KAAHUMANU STREET, HONOLULU, H. l. Notary Public and Agent for taking Acknowledgments to Instru­ ments for the Island of Oahu. « @@MJMJ~~@~AllJ,., M~IJ{j~~'f1J Foot of Nuuanu Street, Honolulu, H. I. Shipping and Families Supplied with Choice Meats, Vegetables, &c., OJ:'T S::S::ORT J:'TOTJ:CE. O. G. CLIFFORD. 8. M. OARTER, ; ..... AGENT TO TAKE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -TO- Co:n:trac"ts for Labor. -:0:- OFFICE AT P. M. S. DOCK, HONOLULU. , i lE" B" DEoENI~YBB & BB083", ~ PROVISION MERCHANTS, . a:eOOE:ey AND FEED STOEE. Corner Fort and King Streets. Honolulu. W@]l@~!Ql@ Bt@llJl~~~ CRATER OF KILAUEA,,~ HA"'WAII. '. '\ -:0:- W. H.LRNT7 MANAGER GRIEVE, ,d General Joh Prin.ter, tHan Gazette, Honolulu, H. I. iT OFFICE. ENTRANCE ON BETHEL ST. G. J-JUOAS, CONTRAOTOR AND BUILDER,

HONOLULU STEAM PlAHING MHllS, Esplanade, Honolulu, H. I.

--:0:--

Manufactures all kinds of Mouldings, Braokets, Window Frames, Sashes, Doors,

BLINDS AND ALL KINDS OF WOODWORK FINISHED. I Turning and Scroll Sawing•. All kinds of

~LANING AND SAWING, MORTICING AND TENONING.

Plans, Specifications, Detailed Drawings, and Estimate' FURNISHED UPON APPLICATION.

--:0:- ORDERS PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO, ANt- --:0:--

ORDERS FROM THE OTHER ISLAl HEALD'S BUSINESS COLLEGE, 24 Post Street, Opposite Mechanics' Institute, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, JmpartH a thi>l'lJUgh :mu practical Education in all COllllllPrcial and Ellgli8h Branclws. French. Gpl'IlJnll, Spanish. Di'awing, and Telpgraphy. Tbe schoo I having great-AI' facilitieH and enjoying ;1, lllore extt'll~iYA patronage than allYof': similar institution on the Pacific Coast; contillllPS to haKe its calims for recogni. ; tion and patl'onagp upon the good sense and enlightpnpd ,judgment of the public. LIST OF F..e.....CULTY. .E. 1'. HEAJ~]). ALFONSO V. BUSSCRE, F. C. WOODBUU Y. MISS H. 1\1. CUHTIS, A. R. CAPP, '1'. ll. SOUTHERN, H. JL STEAHNES. A. VAN DEn NAILLEN. lURS. F. A. CLAHKE. F. SEREGNI, . MRS. W. J. HAMILTON, GEORGE JEBENS. E..e.....TES OF TUITIOJ:.:r. Full Business Course,6 months...... $75 00 " ,t "3".0.0 [>fJ 00 " 1 ..•••...... •.....••.•.. 2()OO Telegraphy, 6 months : .. r,o 00 ,.. 8" , ...... 27 f>O " 1" 1000 The public are earncstly rcquestcu to visit our School and witness its practical workings. Students can begin at any time; each receives separate instruction. Ladies are admitted into all departments of the College. For full particulars call at the College Ofiice, ~H Post stl'eet, 01' address E. P. HEALD, President Business College. San Francisco. CaUfornls.

DU'ORTEH AND IJEALEH IN ftflods, Fancy Goods, Clothing, :~HIXG GOODS, "D CHIJ,DREN'S SHOES,

T COnSl"l'l'S, RIBBONS, LACES, \D GJ~OY}JS, HAl'S AND CAPS. G-OODS nia and Philadelphia on everJ Steamer. A.S. J. FISHEL, 81, Corner Fort and Hotel Sts. TRANSAOTA GENERALB.ANKING]3 USINESS. THE,SATUR.:n.A.y :E»RESS.~Y': A .• NEWSPAPEIt 'PUBLISHED,WEEXLY,', '.'; \,'.': ",-.j" .l~ , __ ;.', ... "",,'

",-', .TIIOS; ·'G.· THRUM, BusIness .Manager. " !c?)Oi~~~jri:", 'SlJ BSCRIPTION PRICE ~'(V E iJOLLARSPERA NNUMIN,ADVANCi .' ::'~, '~.. , ...... ," ,..... ".. .. .'. .. .. -...., .... ,...,.,', ,- ",' .. .. ': "., ' '/

',''', ,'- .; ;:'...... '- .. .',"/.... ,\ ,", ',Post~geto Foreign Countries extra; , ."

ADVERT~SEMENTSINSER'l'ED AT/CURRENT ~ ,AO'E NCY.:J:{nr:$~g;~?~::::?,Q (' '...... ,-'....' "',-' .. .,'N~w. SUJlPlieSb'ein~rConstantly· r~ceived, ~t' , r ," .. < 't .. '. J , _ .. "~. ' :~ - ..' .. ': .... ' ,/' , ,I :.,:. _ >' •• THOS. G. THRUM'S'" I \/;:·;';~D~)~~'[:~~ :~.R,WU~·, ;'j

, j • ;. " ,'.; ~ .~. ,,'>:. ,';. Importing and'ManUfacturing,··· J I ;::$$~.itTI b~N'E~;:',N'E*S ":D:~A~ER.·.r }' .,~,/ : >-/' . ;,:.',. - '-' - ;"~:·"."~);{':"-~S\,2A~D.~.:;~··f.> '. ~ "'.,~' <'<"'; BodR-BIND}1iR~:;, ,~,! I· 'MerCh~nt Street. : . Near, Fort,'1 L ,".' ',:, . I,., .~.-A)[D--J- t, .'1', [ F~rt Stre'et, C~rner of HoteJ,"'(Bre\;ver's f31oclqj', \C:,,'j, '.. HONO,LU~U,'H~"o/AIIANIS~AND~",;\ ; .'..,. ::Ji! l.,~'·:;;' ~;'(>:!fe~p1Conwf1ltl~oj7. H(liHl,O:l!'Ull,~tssot:tfli'e7itY)f':,~": ':.1 1 , ·J.,",·B· ."l\.f.em.. o,.,;'a~8~Lo~,T~ialBalapce ..'coP:Y1,,·,t·; i. ",', l"lat Ledger" •• ~ :"",,::A.CC,OIl1'it Currel1t;~.jl"", p~Li!tt:l1.~'()lro,:> >: r:=-jc·,~:;.:,~~4;aw f~'p,FDPI,~Cl(P;: '~' . ..B.lotting,:rl:~i.~iJ~g,:.:', '~:,I g {''-3~;,i{:;'1 •.....• ,,/~:·J~E;ttY}., Notc;,SJlrawin , ~wrnpPing" •. >; ..•. ..,,! {},~~rE J~E.f\l E~('.~~O; is,~.t\rlg~E ftY:-· N~r ~LJ[ E~~'l ·'\{:~'.;:{nv~!oPQSf.Jn~~!:fens. Pe11Cils,H0l,aers,Arfisfs', Materials, :.:-:<-; ~<,;> ,,"',,,", ~",~.. _-", .-- /'"T '~H.K'7J~~'~L.~'r ING,'l'O'!'IIg lS~.~ NDH., ,. ;"'] ":~oks/·.:Togs.,.andFanc.y •.. G~0cls/\:I "~~' ,.',~" SEASON;'IN:.YARIE';rYi ~N •. PERlODICALSi (Y> Every Opport.unity "0: ..' ~· i rORBLANI{ tf '. . '. '.'Houris).~) ~.t·er. b tce,HU<1n.•..; ;;\. [US"i.alle,work.. l\IlI..rn."'g'uahmtee>;•..,&.'i..•.;)I.)(' .. Jlll.ld.",'<"':.' 1I..'1 :~:'~"" ~, . ',.." ',' './ ::\, .'.~ "-":;"".1' ~,fai thfully exeouted~~.·I

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