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History of Soybeans and Soyfoods in the Hawaiian Islands (1847-2021)

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History of Soybeans and Soyfoods in the Hawaiian Islands (1847-2021) SOY IN THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS (1847-2021) 1 HISTORY OF SOYBEANS AND SOYFOODS IN THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS (1847-2021): EXTENSIVELY ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY AND SOURCEBOOK Compiled by William Shurtleff & Akiko Aoyagi 2021 Copyright © 2021 by Soyinfo Center SOY IN THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS (1847-2021) 2 Copyright (c) 2021 by William Shurtleff & Akiko Aoyagi All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means - graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, or information and retrieval systems - except for use in reviews, without written permission from the publisher. Published by: Soyinfo Center P.O. Box 234 Lafayette, CA 94549-0234 USA Phone: 925-283-2991 www.soyinfocenter.com ISBN 9781948436380 (new ISBN Hawaiian Islands without hyphens) ISBN 978-1-948436-38-0 (new ISBN Hawaiian Islands with hyphens) Printed 20 May 2021 Price: Available on the Web free of charge Search engine keywords: History of Soybeans in Hawaii History of Soybeans in the Hawaiian Islands History of Tofu in Hawaii Bibliography of Soybeans in Hawaii Bibliography of Soybeans in the Hawaiian Islands Bibliography of Tofu in Hawaii Chronology of Soybeans in Hawaii Chronology of Soybeans in the Hawaiian Islands Chronology of Tofu in Hawaii Copyright © 2021 by Soyinfo Center SOY IN THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS (1847-2021) 3 Contents Page Dedication and Acknowledgments.................................................................................................................................. 4 Introduction and Brief Chronology, by William Shurtleff .......................................................................................... 5 About This Book ............................................................................................................................................................. 7 Abbreviations Used in This Book .................................................................................................................................. 8 How to Make the Best Use of This Digital Book - Three Keys ................................................................................... 9 Full-Page Graphics .................................................................................................................................................. 11-13 Introducing Soyinfo Center .......................................................................................................................................... 14 History of Soybeans and Soyfoods in the Hawaiian Islands: 1225 References in Chronological Order .............. 15 Contains 52 Photographs and Illustrations Subject/Geographical Index by Record Numbers ................................................................................................... 366 Last Page of Index ....................................................................................................................................................... 418 Copyright © 2021 by Soyinfo Center SOY IN THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS (1847-2021) 4 DEDICATION AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Japanese translation and maps: Akiko Aoyagi Shurtleff. This book is dedicated to the the many men and women who brought soyfoods and soybeans to the Hawaiian Loma Linda University, Del E. Webb Memorial Library Islands. (Seventh-day Adventist): Janice Little, Trish Chapman. We would also like to thank our co-workers and friends at Soyinfo Center who, since 1984, have played a major role in Part of the enjoyment of writing a book lies in meeting collecting the documents, building the library, and producing people from around the world who share a common interest, the SoyaScan database from which this book is printed: and in learning from them what is often the knowledge or skills acquired during a lifetime of devoted research or Irene Yen, Tony Jenkins, Sarah Chang, Laurie Wilmore, practice. We wish to give deepest thanks... Alice Whealey, Simon Beaven, Elinor McCoy, Patricia McKelvey, Claire Wickens, Ron Perry, Walter Lin, Dana Scott, Jeremy Longinotti, John Edelen, Alex Lerman, Lydia Of the many libraries and librarians who have been of great Lam, Gretchen Muller, Joyce Mao, Luna Oxenberg, Joelle help to our research over the years, several stand out: Bouchard, Justine Lam, Joey Shurtleff, Justin Hildebrandt, Michelle Chun, Olga Kochan, Loren Clive, Marina Li, University of California at Berkeley: John Creaser, Lois Rowyn McDonald, Casey Brodsky, Hannah Woodman, Farrell, Norma Kobzina, Ingrid Radkey. Elizabeth Hawkins, Molly Howland, Jacqueline Tao, Lynn Hsu, Brooke Vittimberga, Tanya Kochan, Aanchal Singh. Northern Regional Library Facility (NRLF), Richmond, California: Martha Lucero, Jutta Wiemhoff, Scott Miller, Special thanks to: Tom and Linda Wolfe of Berwyn Park, Virginia Moon, Kay Loughman. Maryland; to Lorenz K. Schaller of Ojai, California; and to Wayne Dawson (genealogist) of Tucson, Arizona. Stanford University: Molly Molloy, who has been of special help on Slavic-language documents. For outstanding help on this Hawaii book we thank: Paul Uyehara, Mao Chi Tzeng, Betty Clarke, Sean Corkery, National Agricultural Library: Susan Chapman, Kay Derr, William Higa, Benjamin Hills, Teisuke Kainuma, Noritoshi Carol Ditzler, John Forbes, Winnifred Gelenter, Henry Kanai, Tyler Katibah, Jim Lothrop, Takao Nihei, Lorraine Gilbert, Kim Hicks, Ellen Knollman, Patricia Krug, Oda, Seizo Oka, Irene Stachura, Chieko Tachihata. Sarah Lee, Veronica Lefebvre, Julie Mangin, Ellen Mann, Josephine McDowell, Wayne Olson, Mike Thompson, Finally our deepest thanks to Tony Cooper of San Ramon, Tanner Wray. California, who has kept our computers up and running since Sept. 1983. Without Tony, this series of books on the Web Library of Congress: Ronald Jackson, Ronald Roache. would not have been possible. Lane Medical Library at Stanford University. This book, no doubt and alas, has its share of errors. These, of course, are solely the responsibility of William Shurtleff. Contra Costa County Central Library and Lafayette Library: Carole Barksdale, Kristen Wick, Barbara Furgason, Sherry This bibliography and sourcebook was written with the Cartmill, Linda Barbero. hope that someone will write a detailed and well-documented history of this subject. Harvard University’s Five Botanical Libraries (especially Arnold Arboretum Library): Jill Gelmers Thomas. French translation: Martine Liguori of Lafayette, California, for ongoing, generous, and outstanding help since the early 1980s. Dutch translation: Sjon Welters. French translation Elise Kruidenier. German translation Philip Isenberg, Copyright © 2021 by Soyinfo Center SOY IN THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS (1847-2021) 5 INTRODUCTION Brief Chronology/Timeline of Soy in the Hawaiian islands. Islands Two years later, after a failed insurrection by the queen’s supporters to return her to power, she was charged with treason and placed under house arrest. 1778 – Captain James Cook arrives in two ships at Kauai. While under arrest at Washington Place, she wrote a He is the fi rst European to make formal contact with marvelous book, Hawaii’s Story by Hawaii’s Queen, which what we call today the Hawaiian Islands. The people are was basically her memoir/autobiography. It was published astonished to see two “fl oating islands” carrying strange in 1898 by Lee & Shepard. She also wrote the beautiful and white-skinned men. Cook names the archipelago the immortal song, Aloha Oe (Farewell to Thee). “Sandwich Islands” after the fourth Earl of Sandwich – the acting First Lord of the Admiralty. 1898 Aug. 12 – Hawaii is annexed as a U.S. territory. The annexation ceremony was held at ‘Iolani Palace. President 1779 Feb. 14 – Captain James Cook is killed by Hawaiians Sanford B. Dole handed over “the sovereignty and public at Kealakekua Bay, on the big island of Hawaii as he property of the Hawaiian Islands” to United States Minister attempts to kidnap their ruling chief. For details see “Death Harold M. Sewall. The fl ag of the Republic of Hawaii was of James Cook” on Wikipedia. lowered and the fl ag of the United States was raised in its place. Lili’uokalani and her family members and retainers 1847 June 5 – Soy sauce is the earliest soyfood known to boycotted the event and shuttered themselves away at exist in the Hawaiian Islands. It has been imported aboard Washington Place. Many native Hawaiians and royalists the ship Mary from China and is auctioned in Honolulu by followed suit and refused to attend the ceremony. On that day Henry Skinner & Co. (Ad in The Polynesian, p. 3, col. 3). the long struggle for native sovereignty began; it is continued by some to this day. 1868 – The fi rst group of Japanese immigrants (149 people) arrives in the Hawaiian Islands aboard the Saioto-go 1899 Oct. – Soy bean seeds are now in the Hawaiian Islands. (“Scioto”). Their provisions include rice, miso and shoyu A collection of seeds originally from China, is presented (soy sauce), the 2nd earliest soyfoods know to exist in the by Hon. Byron O. Clark, of Wahiawa, Oahu, October, 1899 Islands (Sakuma Yonekichi, unpublished diary). (Foreign Seeds and Plants Imported by the Section of Seed and Plant Introduction, USDA, Inventory No. 8. 1 Jan. 1901). 1886 May 25 – Tofu is now being made in the area of Honolulu, probably by Chinese (Hawaiian Gazette, p. 2). 1900 April – A small factory making Kenfu (“Wise Woman”) brand shoyu is established by a learned Japanese (Nobuyuki 1891 June – The fi rst Japanese who lived in Hawaii and Yamakami) is in full swing in Honolulu at the junction of brewed shoyu there
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