UNESCOFigure 27.8: SCIENCE Scientific REPORT publication trends in Southeast Asia and Oceania, 2005–2014
Scientists from Australia, Singapore and New Zealand are the most prolific Publications per million inhabitants in 2014
Australia 1 974 Singapore 1 913 60.1% Malaysia’s annual growth rate for the New Zealand 1 620 number of publications, 2005–2014 Malaysia 331
Fiji 120
Thailand 94 Vanuatu 74 31.2% Solomon Islands 30 Average annual growth in publications
Viet Nam 25 from Viet Nam, Cambodia and Lao PDR, 2005–2014 Lao PDR 19
Papua New Guinea 15
Cambodia 13 Philippines 9 7.8% Indonesia 6 Average annual growth in publications
Myanmar 1 from Australia, New Zealand and 0 500 1 000 1 500 2 000 Singapore, 2005–2014
Steady growth in the most prolific countries Countries with more than 10 publications in 2014 Australia 46 926
40 000
30 000
2424 755755 20 000
22005005 2006 22007007 2008 22009009 2010 22011011 2012 20201313 2014 Singapore 10 553 10 000 Malaysia 9 998
7 500 New Zealand 7 375 6 111 Thailand 6 343 5 000 4 942
2 503 2 500 1 559 Viet Nam 2 298 570 Indonesia 1 476 554 Philippines 913 0 486 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 22013013 2014 Cambodia 206 200
150
Lao, PDR 129 Papua New Guinea 110 100 Fiji 106
Myanmar 70 61 54 50 44 41 41 Vanuatu 19 12 Solomon Islands 17 6 Micronesia 12 0 4
704 Engineering dominates in Malaysia and Singapore, life sciencesSoutheast and geosciences Asia elsewhere and Oceania Countries with more than 20 publications in 2014; cumulative totals by field, 2008–2014
7 549 55 467 16 495 21 709 23 605 5 374 73 923 5 918 3 639 Australia 5 079 5 030 16 175 3 069
10 12 2 Cambodia 29 329 1 821 283 20 120
11 5 Fiji 1 122 45 18 66 85 11 72 1 23
54 Indonesia 39913 1 832 513 83 900 990 107 953 39 419 113
4 Lao PDR 54 180 5 15 77 2 169 3 15
1 862 5 135 6 817 1 338 9 430 2 413 812 4 240 111 89 Malaysia 39 2 872 206
1 Myanmar 19 104 4 8 45 6 97 1 12 5
2 768 2 327 739 669 New Zealand 339 11 965 683 2 631 5 7671 173 10 794 2 554 663
13 3 Papua New Guinea 15 265 5 44 3 157 3 9
18 17 Philippines 631 2 1 326 222 220 605 74 1 013 36 235 94
Singapore 325 9 162 8 445 3 028 11 398 1 648 8 945 338 9 225 231 15 1 566 354
2 321 270 53 Thailand 106 8 194 3 799 454 4 704 1 898 874 7 164 2 081 202
Viet Nam 428 1 803 754251 1 117 908 1 249 1 049 33 1 331 13 47 80
Agriculture Astronomy Biological sciences Chemistry Computer science Engineering Geosciences
Mathematics Medical sciences Other life sciences Physics Psychology Social sciences
Note: Unclassified articles are excluded.
Six countries topped the OECD average for Five countries topped the OECD average for the the share of papers among the 10% most cited average citation rate between 2008 and 2012 between 2008 and 2012
Singapore 16.4 Singapore 1.47
Cambodia 14.3 Cambodia 1.39
Australia 14.1 Australia 1.31
Solomon Islands 13.6 New Zealand 1.22 Philippines 12.1 Philippines 1.15
New Zealand 12.0 Lao PDR 1.02 G20 average: 1.02 Lao PDR 10.0 Solomon Isalnds 1.00
Papua New Guinea 9.0 G20 average: 10.2% Indonesia 0.96
Indonesia 8.4 Thailand 0.95
Malaysia 8.4 Fiji 0.93 OECD average: 1.08
Thailand Papua New Guinea 0.88
8.2 OECD average: 11.1%
Viet Nam 8.1 Viet Nam 0.86
Fiji 7.9 Vanuatu 0.81
6.4 Malaysia 0.83 Myanmar Chapter 27
Vanuatu 3.3 Myanmar 0.69 0510 15 20 0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5
705 UNESCOFigure 27.8 SCIENCE (continued) REPORT
Countries collaborate with a wide range of partners Main foreign partners, 2008 –2014 (number of papers)
1st collaborator 2nd collaborator 3rd collaborator 4th collaborator 5th collaborator Australia USA (43 225) UK (29 324) China (21 058) Germany (15 493) Canada (12 964) Cambodia USA (307) Thailand (233) France (230) UK (188) Japan (136) Australia/ Cook Islands USA (17) France (4) Brazil/Japan (3) New Zealand (11) Fiji Australia (229) USA (110) New Zealand (94) UK (81) India (66) Indonesia Japan (1 848) USA (1 147) Australia (1 098) Malaysia (950) Netherlands (801) Kiribati Australia (7) New Zealand (6) USA/Fiji (5) Papua New Guinea (4) Lao PDR Thailand (191) UK (161) USA (136) France (125) Australia (117) Malaysia UK (3 076) India (2 611) Australia (2 425) Iran (2 402) USA (2 308) New Zealand/ Micronesia USA (26) Australia (9) Fiji (8) Marshall Islands (6) Palau (5) Myanmar Japan (102) Thailand (91) USA (75) Australia (46) UK (43) New Zealand USA (8 853) Australia (7 861) UK (6 385) Germany (3 021) Canada (2 500) Papua New Australia (375) USA (197) UK (103) Spain (91) Switzerland (70) Guinea Philippines USA (1 298) Japan (909) Australia (538) China (500) UK (410) Ecuador/Spain/ New Zealand/France/ Samoa USA (5) Australia (4) China/Costa Rica/Fiji/ Chile/Japan/Cook Islands (1) Singapore China (11 179) USA (10 680) Australia (4 166) UK (4 055) Japan (2 098) Solomon Australia (48) USA (15) Vanuatu (10) UK (9) Fiji (8) Islands Thailand USA (6 329) Japan (4 108) UK (2 749) Australia (2 072) China (1 668) Tonga Australia (17) Fiji (13) New Zealand (11) USA (9) France (3) Solomon Islands/ Vanuatu France (49) Australia (45) USA (24) New Zealand/ Japan (10) Viet Nam USA (1 401) Japan (1 384) Korea, Rep. (1 289) France (1 126) UK (906)
Small or fledgling science systems have very high rates of foreign collaboration Share of papers with foreign co-authors, 2008–2014 100 100 100 100 98.6 97.2 95.0 94.7 94.1 93.7 90.2 88.9 85.8 82.8 77.6 76.5 69.5 58.9 57.1 51.6 49.3
OECD average: 29.4% 46.4 G20 average: 24.6% s e e u ti iji F ysia ng a est valu alan d To anmar Tu Samoa anuat Kiriba ustralia iet Na m Lao PDR V Mala Thailand A icronesia V My Indonesia Singapor Cambodia imor-L M Philippines ook Island s T C New Ze Solomon Island pua New Guinea Pa
Note: Data are unavailable for some indicators for the Cook Islands, Kiribati, Micronesia, Niue, Samoa, Tonga and Vanuatu.
Source: Thomson Reuters’ Web of Science, Science Citation Index Expanded; data treatment by Science–Metrix
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