Lesson 1 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 地理和人 Geography and People

In this lesson you will learn simple greetings and basic introductions in Chinese. You will familiarize yourself with personal pronouns, Chinese names, and basic geography of China. You will listen and follow along in your workbook to several Chinese people introduce themselves and tell where they are from, and then complete the accompanying exercises.

PEOPLE

1. Listen to the names and repeat them.

Lǐyuè Wánglìměi Dīngpíng Zhōuxiǎofāng 李月王丽美丁萍周小芳

Liúshí Zhāngjūn Zhàoguoliáng Zhèngdàhuī 刘石张军赵国良郑大辉

17 Listen and repeat these simple greetings and phrases. 注释 Notes

Nín hǎo/nǐ hǎo/wéi. 1. 喂 is used to greet someone when answering 您好/你好/喂。 Hello, Hi. the telephone.

Zǎoshàng hǎo/zǎochén hǎo/zǎo. 早上好/早晨好/早。 Good morning. 2. 你好 is a common greeting that may be used in any time of the day. The answer to it from the Xiàwǔ hǎo. person addressed is also 你好. 您 is the polite 下午好。 Good afternoon. form of the pronoun for the second person singular 你. It is normally used to address one’s Wǎnshàng hǎo. elders and betters, as in 您好. For the sake of 晚上好。 Good evening. politeness or courtesy it is also used to address someone of one’s own age, especially when Wǎn ān. meeting him or her for the first time. 晚安。 Good night.

Nǐ hǎo ma?/Nǐ hǎo! 3. 早上好/早晨好/早 is used to greet people in the morning. 早上 and 早晨 both mean 你好吗？/你好！ How are you? “morning.” 好 means “good.” Hěn hǎo. 很好。 Fine, Very well. 4. 你好吗? is also a common greeting and it is usually used between the people who know each Xièxie. other. One of the commonly used answer is 我谢谢。 Thank you. 很好. It may be used in anytime of the day.

Búkèqi. 5. 谢谢 is used to express thanks to people. 不客气。 You’re welcome. 6. 不客气 is used in polite reply to expressions of Zàijiàn. thanks from others. 再见。 Good-bye.

Huítóujiàn. 回头见。 See you later.

Hěn gāoxìng jiàndào nǐ. 很高兴见到你。 Nice to meet you

Xiānsheng 先生 Sir

Fūren 夫人 Ma’am

Listen to each short dialogue and repeat after the speaker.

In the morning 在早上

Lǐ Hóng: Zǎoshàng hǎo. Lǐ Hóng: Good morning. 李红早上好。

Wáng Jūn: Zǎoshàng hǎo. Wáng Jūn: Good morning. 王军早上好。 .

During the day 在白天

Chén Líng: Xiàwǔ hǎo. Chén Líng: Good afternoon. 陈玲∶下午好。

Zhāng Gāng: Xiàwǔ hǎo. Zhāng Gāng: Good afternoon. 张刚∶下午好。

Chén Líng: Nǐhǎo ma? Zhāng Gāng: How are you? . 陈玲∶你好吗？

Zhāng Gāng: (Wǒ) hěnhǎo, xièxiè nǐ. Nǐ ne? Zhāng Gāng: Fine, thank you. And you? 张刚∶(我)很好，谢谢你。你呢？

Chén Líng: (Wǒ) yěhěnhǎo. Xièxie. Chén Líng: Very well, too. Thank you 陈玲 (我)也很好。谢谢。

19 In the Evening 在晚上

Liú Xiǎoguāng: Wǎnshàng hǎo. Liú Xiǎoguāng: Good evening. 刘小光∶晚上好。

Huáng Yún: Wǎnshàng hǎo. Huáng Yún: Good evening. 黄云晚上好。

Liú Xiǎoguāng: Huáng Yún, nǐhǎo ma? Liú Xiǎoguāng: How are you, Huang Yun? 刘小光黄云，你好吗？

Huáng Yún: (wǒ)hěnhǎo, xièxie. Nǐ ne? Huáng Yún: Very well, thank you. And you? 黄云 (我)很好，谢谢。你呢？

Liú Xiǎoguāng: (Wǒ)hěnhǎo. Wǎn ān. Liú Xiǎoguāng: Fine. Good night. 刘小光 (我)很好。晚安。

. Huáng Yún: Wǎn ān, Liú XiǎoGuāng. Huáng Yún: Good night, Liu Xiaoguang. 黄云晚安，刘小光。

Informal 非正式场合

Wú Yǒng: Nǐhǒo, Lín XiǎoFāng. Wú Yǒng: Hi, Lin XiaoFang. 吴勇你好，林小芳。

Lín Xiǎofāng: Nǐhǎo. Lín Xiǎofāng: Hi! 林小芳你好。

Wú Yǒng: Nǐhǎoma Wú Yǒng: How are you? 吴勇你好吗？

Lín Xiǎofāng: (Wǒ)hěnhǒo. Nǐ ne? Lín Xiǎofāng: Good. And you? 林小芳 (我)很好。你呢？

Wú Yǒng: (Wǒ)hěnhǎo! Huítóujiàn. Wú Yǒng: Good! See you later. 吴勇 (我)很好！回头见。

20 Lín Xiǎofāng: Zàijiàn. Lín Xiǎo Fāng: Bye! 林小芳再见。

♦ With Chinese names, the family name comes before the given one. The given name can be one character or two characters:

family name given name 李 (Lǐ) 月 (Yuè) 赵 (Zhào) 国良 (Guóliáng)

♦ 你呢? “And (how are) you?”

♦ (我)也很好 is an elliptical sentence in which the subject 我 is omitted. In colloquial speech in Chinese, subjects of this kind are often omitted if the context leaves no room for misunderstanding.

2. Listen carefully to these four self-introductions and match then with the people pictured above. Write 1 to 4 next to their names. Check your work with the answer key.

Introduction 1 Introduction 2 Introduction 3 Introduction 4

3. Below is a list of names. Think about whether each might be a male or female and mark your guesses as M or F.

1. 刘大年_____

2. 张丽鹃_____

3. 陈美红______

21 4. 李军______

5. 吴勇______

6. 赵小艳______

7. 林刚_____

8. 黄玲玲______

♦ Chinese family names came into being some 5,000 years ago. There are more than 5,000 family names, of which 200 or 300 are popular.

• Most of the commonly used Chinese surnames are one character. 刘 (liú), 王 (wáng), 李 (l ǐ), 张 (zhāng), 林 (lín), 杨 (yáng), 陈 (chén) and so on. These account for over 95 percent of the commonly used Chinese surnames. Most common two-character surnames are 欧阳 (ōuyáng), 上官 (shàngguān) and 司徒 (sītú).

♦ In Chinese, forms of address and titles always follow the family name or the whole name: 王先生 (Wáng xīangsheng, Mr. Wang), 李大夫 (Lǐ dàifu, Dr. Li), 张丽小姐 (Zhāng Lì xiǎojiě, Miss Zhang Li)

22 4. Listen to the audio as the above people introduce themselves and make corrections to your guesses in step 3.

1. 刘大年

2. 张丽鹃

3. 陈美红

4. 李军

5. 吴勇

6. 赵小艳

7. 林刚

8. 黄玲玲

23 GEOGRAPHY

5. First look at the map of China. Identify the provinces and their capitals. Find the locations on the map mentioned in the personal introductions in Activity 4 (check the answer key for help) and label each with the name of the person who mentioned it.

Answer the following questions by re-listening to the personal introductions and studying the map. Check your work with the answer key.

1. What is the capital of China?

2. Which province is next to the South China Sea?

3. Who lives closest to the national capital?

4. Which people live in the province that border Xinjiang ?

5. Which states border Hong Kong?

6. What provinces will Wu Yong travel through from Chengdu to reach Heilongjiang province?

24 6. Familiarize yourself with the personal pronouns. Listen to the audio and repeat each word after the speaker.

The Chinese personal pronouns are:

♦ 们 (men) is preceded by a singular personal pronoun 1. 我 wǒ (I) 2. 我们 wǒmen (we) to form a plural personal pronoun. 们 can also be preceded by nouns that refer to persons, e.g., 同学们 3. 你 nǐ (you) 4. 你们 nǐmen (you) (tóngxuémen, students).

5. 他 tā (he) 6. 他们 tāmen they) ♦ The third person pronoun is tā in the sigular and 7. 她 tā (she) 8. 她们 tāmen (they) tāmen in the plural. There is no difference in gender when spoken, but there is in writing. In the singular, it 9. 它 tā (it) 10. 它们 tāmen (they) is 他 (he), 她 (she), and 它 (it). The plural is formed by

adding the suffix men to the sigular, 他们 for the masculine, 她们 for the feminine and 它们 for the

neuter gender.

♦ The Chinese personal pronouns can be used as

either subjects or objects while the forms remain

unchanged.

25 7. Listen as several Chinese Citizens introduce themselves when asked their names. Repeat the question and the answer after the speaker and fill in the blanks with each name. Check your work with the answer key.

M: Nǐ jiào shénme míngzi? M: 你叫什么名字？

F: Wǒ jiào______. F: 我叫 ______。

M: Nǐ jiào shénme míngzi? ♦ Ways to ask Chinese people’s names: M: 你叫什么名字？ 1. 你叫什么名字？ F: Wǒ jiào ______. “What’s your name?” F: 我叫 ______。 The reply to this is 我叫 full name. You can C. use this way to ask anybody’s name. But

M: Nǐ jiào shénme míngzi? most appropriate way to ask a child or the M: 你叫什么名字？ person is younger than you or the same age, you may use this way. F: Wǒ jiào ______.

F: 我叫 ______。 2. 你贵姓？ Or 您贵姓？ M: Hěn gāoxìng jiàndào nǐ,______. “What is your surname?” M: 很高兴见到你，______。

F: (Wǒ)yě hěn gāoxìng jiàndào nǐ. 贵 is a word of respect. 贵姓 is a polite way to F: (我)也很高兴见到你。 ask a family name. A less cordial way is 你姓什么? The person thus asked may give just

his or her surname, e.g., 我姓…。Usually you do not ask a child using this way.

26 D.

M: Nǐ jiào shénme míngzi? M: 你叫什么名字？

F: Wǒ jiào ______. F: 我叫 ______。

M: Hěn gāoxìng jiàndào nǐ,______. M: 很高兴见到你， ______。

F: (Wǒ) yě hěn gāoxìng jiàndào nǐ. F: (我)也很高兴见到你。

8. Familiarize yourself with the following grammar concepts. Read each note carefully and listen to the audio for this section.

♦In a statement, the subject usually comes before the verb. For example: Wǒ xuéxí hànyǔ. 我学习汉语。 (I study Chinese.) 我 is the subject and 学习 is the verb. ♦In a question, the subject also comes before the verb, but an interrogative particle is needed to add at the end of a statement. For example: Nǐ xuéxí hànyǔ ma? 你学习汉语吗？ (Do you study Chinese?) 吗 (ma) is the interrogative particle. The word order of such a question is exactly the same as that of answer to it. Nǐ xuéxí hànyǔ ma? 1. 你学习汉语吗？ Do you study Chinese? Wǒ xuéxí hànyǔ. 我学习汉语。 I study Chinese.

Nǐ shì xuéshēng ma? 2. 你是学生吗？ Are you a student? Wǒ shì xuéshēng. 我是学生。 I am a student.

♦ The Chinese verb shì 是 (to be) in present tense is:

我是 I am 我们是 we are 你是 you are 你们是 you are 他是 he is 他们是 they are 她是 she is 她们是 they are 它是 it is 它们是 they are

Like other verbs in Chinese, shì 是 has only one form. It does not change with the person or number of its subject. For example:

1.我是学生。 I am a student. 2.我们是学生。 We are students. 3.她是学生。 She is a student.

The negative form of shì 是 is bú shì 不是.

我不是学生。 I am not a student. 她不是学生。 She is not a student.

♦ The Chinese verb zhù 住, to live in present tense is: 我住 I live 我们住 we live 你住 you live 你们住 you live 他住 he lives 他们住 they live The verb 住 like the verb 是 has only one form. For example:

1. 她住在中国。 She lives in China. 2. 你住在中国。 You live in China. 3. 他们住在中国。 They live in China.

♦ Questions with an interrogative pronoun

The commonly used interrogative pronouns: 谁 (shéi, who ), 哪儿 (nǎr, where), etc.

In Chinese, a question with an interrogative pronoun has the same word order as that of a declarative sentence or statement. Questions of this kind can be formed by substituting an interrogative pronoun for the word or phrase in the declarative sentence to be asked about:

Tāshì wánggāng. Tā shì shéi? 1. 他是王刚。他是谁？ He is Wanggang. Who is he?

Tā shì xuéshēng. Shéi shì xuéshēng? 2. 她是学生。谁是学生？ She is a student. Who is a student?

Wǒmen zhù zài zhōngguó. Nǐmen zhù zài nǎr? 3. 我们住在中国。你们住在哪儿？ We live in China. Where do you live?

Wǒ shì shànghǎi rén. Nǐ shì nǎr de rén? 4. 我是上海人. 你是哪儿的人? I am from Shanghai. Where are you from?

Wǒ qù zhōngguó. Nǐ qù nǎr? 5. 我去中国。你去哪儿? I am going to China. Where are you going?

29 9. Read and listen as several people tell where they are from and where they live. Repeat each question and answer after the speaker. Mark the locations on the map. Check the answer key for an English translation.

Wǒ shì Běijīng rén. Wǒ zhùzài Guāngzhōu. 我是北京人。我住在广州市。 I am from Beijing. I live in Guangzhou city.

Wǒ shì Chéngdū rén. Xiànzài wǒ zhùzài Kūnmíngshì. 我是成都人。现在我住在昆明市。

Tā shì ShénYáng rén. Tā zhùzài Chángchūnshì. 他是沈阳人。他住在长春市。

Tā shì Qīngdǎo rén. Xiànzài tā zhùzài Zhèngzhōushì. 她是青岛人。现在她住在郑州市。

Wáng Míng shì Chángchūn rén. Xiànzài tā zhùzài Hāěrbīnshì. 王明是长春人。现在他住在哈尔滨市。

Lǐ Línglíng shì Wǔhàn rén. Tā zhùzài Nánjīng shì. 李玲玲是武汉人。她住在南京市。

Zhāng HuáShì shí Jiāzhuāng rén. Xiànzài tā zhùzài Fúzhōushì. 张华是石家庄人。现在他住在福州市。

Zhào DàYǒng shì Guìlín rén. Tā zhùzài Xiānggǎng. 赵大勇是桂林人。他住在香港。

10. Familiarize yourself with the interrogative forms of yes-no questions. Read and listen to the following examples of interrogative questions and repeat each question and answer after the speaker.

Nǐ shì Shànghǎi rén ma? 你是上海人吗？ Are you from Shanghai?

Bù,wǒ shì Běijīng rén. 不，我是北京人。 No, I am from Beijing.

Nǐ zhùzài Shāndōng ma? 你住在山东省吗？ Do you live in Shandong province?

Shìde, wǒ zhùzài Shāndōng. 是的，我住在山东。 Yes, I live in Shandong province.

Nǐ jiào Wáng Dà Nián ma? 你叫王大年吗？ Is your name Wang Danian?

Bù, wǒ jiào Lǐ Hóng Jūn. 不，我叫李洪军。 No, my name is Li Hongjun.

Nǐ qù Nánjīng ma? 你去南京吗？ Are you going to Nanjing?

Shìde, wǒ qù Nánjīng. 是的，我去南京。 Yes, I am going to Nanjing.

31 11. Listen to four short Chinese exchanges. Then answer the following yes-no questions based on the information given with a complete sentence in Chinese, beginning with "Yes, " or "No, ". Pause or replay the audio if necessary. Check your work with the answer key.

1. Is Wang Yun from Dalian city, Liaoning province? ______.

2. Does Li Hong live in Qingdao city, Shandong province? ______.

3. Is Ding Xue going to Zhengzhou city, Henan province? ______.

4. Is Zhao Jun from Changsha city, Hunan province? ______.

32 End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Check your comprehension. Listen to the following statements and mark whether each refers to a personal identity, a hometown, a residence, or where they are going. Check the answer key.

Identity Hometown Residence Destination

2. Provide personal information in the target language.

Introduce yourself ______

Write (say) where you are from ______

Write (say) where you currently live ______

Write (say) where you are going ______

33 Vocabulary List

喂/你好 wéi/nǐhǎo Hello, Hi 早上好。 Zǎoshànghǎo. Good morning. 下午好。 Xiàwǔhǎo. Good afternoon. 晚上好。 Wǎnshànghǎo. Good evening. 晚安。 Wǎn ān. Good night. 你好吗? Nǐhǎoma? How are you? 很好。 Hěnhǎo. Fine, Very well. 谢谢。 Xièxie. Thank you. 不客气。 Búkèqi. You’re welcome. 再见。 Zàijiàn. Good-bye. 回头见。 Huítóujiàn. See you later. 很高兴见到你。 Hěn gǎoxìngjiàndàonǐ. Nice to meet you. 我叫……. Wǒjiào…. My name is … 他 tā he 她 tā she 你/你们 nǐ/nǐmen you 我们 wǒmen we 他们/她们/它们 tāmen/tāmen/tāmen they 我是 wǒshì I am 住 zhù to live 不 bú; bù no 是 shì yes 在 zài in 从 cóng from 也/同样 yě/tóngyàng likewise 你是哪儿的人? Nǐshìnǎrderén? Where are you from? 你是哪里人? Nǐshìnǎlǐrén? Where are you from? 你去哪儿? Nǐqùnǎr? Where are you going?

34 你叫什么名字? Nǐjiàoshénmemíngzi? What is your name? 你住哪儿? Nǐzhù nǎr? Where do you live? 市 shì city 省 shěng province 国家 guójiā country 首都 shǒudū capital 市/镇 shì/zhèn town 乡村/乡 xiāngcūn/xiāng village

35 Answer Key

2. 1. Lǐyuè 李月 2. Zhàoguoliáng 赵国良 3. Wánglìměi 王丽美 4. Zhōuxiǎofāng 周小芳

4. 1. 我是刘大年。我住在首都北京。 I am Liu Da nian. I live in Beijing, which is the capital. 2. 我叫张丽鹃。我住在天津。 My name is Zhang lijuan. I live in Tianjin. 3. 我叫陈美红。我是山东人，我住在海南省海口市。 My name is Chen Meihong. I am from Shandong, I live in Haikou city, Hainan province. 4. 我是李军。我是香港人。 I am Lijun. I am from Hong Kong. 5. 我叫吴勇。我住在辽宁省沈阳市。 My name is Wu Yong. I live in Shenyang city, Liaoning province. 6. 我是赵小艳。我住在昆明市。 I am Zhao Xiaoyan. I live in Kunming city. 7. 我叫林刚。我是甘肃省兰州市人。 My name is Lin Gang. I am from Lanzhou city, Gansu province. 8. 我是黄玲铃。我是福建省厦门市人。 I am Huang Lingling. I am from Xiamen city, Fujian province.

5. Major cities : 北京 (Beijing) 天津 (Tianjin) 上海(Shanghai) 重庆(Chongqi) 哈尔滨(haerbin) 沈阳(Shenyang) 西安(Xi’an) 南京(Nanjing) 广州(Guangzhou)

(Provinces and autonomous regions) (capital cities of provinces and autonomous)

36 1. 黑龙江省(Heilongjiang Sheng) 哈尔滨市(Haerbin Shi) 2. 吉林省(Jilin Sheng) 吉林市(Jilin Shi) 3. 辽宁省( Liaoning Sheng) 沈阳市(Shenyang Shi) 4. 河北省(Hebei Sheng) 石家庄市(Shijiazhuang Shi) 5. 山东省(Shandong Sheng) 济南市(Jinan Shi) 6. 江苏省(Jiangsu Sheng) 南京市(Nanjing Shi) 7. 安徽省(Anhui Sheng) 合肥市(Hefei Shi) 8. 浙江省(Zhejiang Sheng) 杭州市(Hangzhou Shi) 9. 福建省(Fujian Sheng) 福州市(Fuzhou Shi) 10. 江西省(Jiangxi Sheng) 南昌市(Nanchang Shi) 11. 内蒙古自治区(Nei Monggu Zizhiqu) 呼和浩特市(Hehehot Shi) 12. 山西省(Shanxi Sheng) 太原市(Taiyuan Shi) 13. 河南省(Henan Sheng) 郑州市(Zhengzhou Shi) 14. 湖北省(Hubei Sheng) 武汉市(Wuhan Shi) 15. 湖南省(Hunan Sheng) 长沙市(Changsha Shi) 16. 陕西省(Shanxi Sheng) 西安(Xi’an Shi) 17. 宁夏回族自治区(Ningxia Huizu Zizhiqu) 银川市(Yinchuan Shi) 18. 广东省(Guangdong Sheng) 广州市(Guangzhou Shi) 19. 广西壮族自治区(Guangxi Zhuangzu Zizhiqu) 南宁市(Nanning Shi) 20. 贵州省(Guizhou Sheng) 贵阳市(Guiyang Shi) 21. 四川省(Sichuang Sheng) 成都市(Chengdu Shi) 22. 云南省(Yunnan Sheng) 昆明市(Kunming Shi) 23. 甘肃省(Gansu Sheng) 兰州市(Lanzhou Shi) 24. 海南省(Hainan Sheng) 海口市(Haikou Shi) 25. 青海省(Qinghai Sheng) 西宁市(Xining Shi) 26. 西藏自治区(Xizang Zizhiqu) 拉萨市(Lasa Shi) 27. 新疆维吾尔自治区(Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu) 乌鲁木齐市(Urumqi Shi)

37 What is the capital of the China? Beijing.______

Which province is next to the South China Sea? Hainan province.______

Who lives closest to the national capital? Zhang Lijuan.______

Which people live in province that border Sichuan province ? Zhao Xiaoyan.______

Which province border Hong Kong? Guangzhou.______

What province will Wu Yong travel through to reach Heilongjiang province? Jilin province.______

7. A.

M: 你叫什么名字？ F: 我叫王红。

M: What is your name? F: My name is Wang Hong.

B. M: 你叫什么名字？ F: 我叫李丽。

F: What is your name? M: My name is Li Li.

C. M: 你叫什么名字？ F: 我叫刘芳。 M: 很高兴见到你，刘芳。 F: (我)也很高兴见到你。

38 M: What is your name? F: My name is Liu Fang M: Nice to meet you, Liu Fang. F: Likewise!

D. M: 你叫什么名字？ F: 我叫黄玲,。 M: 很高兴见到你，黄玲。 F: (我)也很高兴见到你。

M: What is your name? F: My name is Huang Ling. M Nice to meet you, Huang Ling. F: And you.

9. 我是北京人。我住在广州市。 I am from Beijing. I live in Guangzhou city.

我是成都人。现在我住在昆明市。 He is from Chengdu. Now I live in Kunming city.

他是沈阳人。他住在长春市。 He is from Shenyang. He lives in Dalian city.

她是青岛人。现在她住在郑州市。 She is from Qingdao. Now she lives in Zhengzhou city.

王明是长春人。现在他住在哈尔滨市。 Wang Ming is from Chang Chun. Now he lives in Harbin city.

李玲玲是武汉人。她住在南京市。 Li Lingling is from Wuhan. She lives in Nanjing city.

张华是石家庄人。现在他住在福州市。 Zhang Hua is from Shijiazhuang. Now he lives in Fuzhou city.

赵大勇是桂林人。他住在香港。 Zhao Dayong is from Guilin. He lives in Hong Kong.

39 11. A. 王云是湖南省长沙市人,可是她住在四川省重庆市。 Wang Yun is from Changsha city, Hunan province, but she lives in Chongqing city, Sichuan province. B. 李红住在辽宁省大连市，她去山东省青岛市。 Li Hong lives in Dalian city, Liaoning province and she is going to Qingdao city, Shandong province. C. 丁雪去河南省郑州市。 Ding Xue is going to Zhengzhou city, Henan province. D. 赵军是云南省昆明市人。 Zhao Jun is from Kunming city, Yunnan province.

End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. A. 你好，我叫刘华。我是河北省石家庄市人。 Hello, my name is Liu Hua. I am from Shijiazhuang city, Hebei province.

B. 我住在黑龙江省哈尔滨市。 I live in Haerbin city, Heilongjiang province.

C. 我是陕西省西安市人。 I am from Xi’an city, Shanxi province.

D. 你好，我是林龙。我去四川省重庆市。 Hi, I’m Lin Long. I’m going to Chongqing city, Sichuan province.

Identity Hometown Residence Destination

A. √

B. √

C. √

D. √