January 2008 Edited by Linda C

Wiyo t Tribe 1000 W iyot Dr. Loleta, CA 95551 Phone: 707-733-5055 Fax: 707- 733-5601 Email: wiyot@ wiyo t.us

Wiyot News

Volume 1, 08 January 2008 Edited by Linda C . Woodin Wiyot Tribe 1000 Wiyot Drive, Loleta CA 95551 (707) 733-5055 www.wiyot.us [email protected]

Happy New Year 2008 Special General Inside this issue:

Council Meeting Cultural News from the 2 As the world turns, customs take new Ground Up directions as well. Traditions such as the way we celebrate New Years’s Eve are no The purpose of Special Gen- Environment Around Us 7 exception. In many cases today, the fancy eral Council Meeting is to have a discussion and VOTE on the party with champagne has morphed into a News and Notes from Social 11 family celebration of the arts: Some cele- Constitutional amendment to clar- Services ify the order of elections brations are huge. Birthday 14 In Escondido near San Diego, musical WHEN: January 5, 2008 entertainment and dancing are slated for 10:00 A.M. Calendar 15 five stages along with street performers, WHERE: Community Center early fireworks for the children, and a Change of Address Form midnight extravaganza of color for the (please check your mail, or see 16 adults. We hope the recent wildfires will any Council Member or staff not change their plans. member for more information) For blazing bonfires and more that 100 performers at 40 downtown loca- tions on New Year’s Eve, revelers will enjoy First Night in Spokane, Washington. Enjoy the largest of the First Night cele- brations with the Bostonians where the Mark your concept started in 1976. Today they Calendar draw more than a million visitors. First Night is a New Year’s community celebration with many events that are **Jan 5th 10 am free to the public and allow families to Special General welcome the New year in an alcohol-free environment. Many cities start their cele- Council Meeting brations in the afternoon and end them with a gigantic fireworks display at midnight. The name First Night is meant to sym- bolize moving forward. The Concept has grown since that beginning in Boston. Many cities in the U. S. and other coun- tries host the celebration.

Page 2 Wiyot News Cultural From the Ground Up... Language is Life Gov. Schwarzenegger Appoints Five Members to Native American Heritage Commission

You are invited to join Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger today Served in numerous capacities for other California Indians trying November 14, 2007, announced the the Rumsey Indian Rancheria since to learn or re-learn, teach, appointments of Leslie Lohse, Marshall 1985 and currently holds the posi- document, research or other- McKay, Laura Miranda, James Ramos tion of tribal chair. He is a mem- wise invigorate their native lan- and Julie Tumamait-Stenslie as member of the board of trustees for guages. ber of the Native American Heritage the Autry National Center and the Members of language pro- Commission. Additionally, the Gover- University of California, Davis. He grams are urged to come and nor proclaimed November 2007 as also currently serves as chair of talk about your projects, share Native American Heritage Month to the Rumsey Rancheria Fire Com- your successes and problems honor the significant contributions and mission. McKay is a Democrat. and gather with other natives centuries-old traditions of the Native Miranda, 38, of Temecula, has peoples who believe that lan- American heritage and culture. served as deputy general counsel guage renewal is the corner- “Native American play incredibly for the Pechanga Tribal Govern- ment since 2005. She previously stone to cultural survival. important roles in our state’s culture served as partner in the law firm, CONFERENCE FOR and success. Their customs and languages are invaluable parts of our Miranda, Tomaras & Ogas, from CALIFORNIA INDIAN state’s history, which is why I am hon- 2003 to 2006. From 1998 to 2003 LANGUAGES ored to observe Native American she was directing attorney for California Indian Legal Services. April 4-6 2008 Heritage Month, “ said Gov. Schwar- zenegger. “I am confident the indi- Prior to that, Miranda was the hu- At the viduals appointed today will continue man relations coordinator for the to preserve this wonderful heritage city of San Bernardino from 1993 Marin Headlands to 1995. Miranda is a board mem- for generation to come.” Institute, ber of the Riverside County Tribal Lohse, 52, of Glenn, has served as Traditional Resources Advisory Sausalito , California tribal council treasurer and assistant Committee. Miranda is a Democ- administrator for the Paskenta Bank of rat. Ramos, 40, of the Highland, Nomlaki Indians since 1998. She pre- has served as the cultural aware- viously served as a receptionist for ness program coordinator for the Cutting Edge from 1997 to 1998 and San Manuel Band of Mission Indi- bookkeeper for the Chico Christian ans since 1996. Previously, he School from 1992 to 1997. served as chair of the San Manuel Lohse currently serves as chair of Gaming Commission from 1994 to the Bureau of Indian Affairs Central 1996. Ramos was also business California Agency Policy Committee committee member from 1996 to and is a member of the Bay Delta Pub- 1998 and treasurer from 2004 to lic Advisory Committee. She is also a 2006 for the San Manuel Band of Business Alliance as well as a former Mission Indians. He is a member vice president for the National Con- of the San Bernardino Community gress of American Indians. Lohse is a College District Board of Trus- Republican. McKay, 55, of Brooks, has tees. Ramos is registered Volume 1, 08 Page 3

...Cultural From the Ground Up

(continued from pg. 2) New News Northwest • Surviving Through the Days: Transla- decline-to-state. Tumamait-Stenslie, Heritage Center will be under- tions of Native California Stories and 50, of Ojai, has served as a consult- going a transformation as we Songs ant for Chumash Cultural Services install the new equipment pur- since 1985. Additionally, she has • Spirit Wars: Native North Ameri chased with a grant from the can Religions in the Age of Nation served as a sales representative for Institute of Museum and Library Building the Ventura County Museum of His- Services. The Center now has tory & Art since 1987. Tumanait- the equipment to produce its • Keeping Slug Woman Alive: A Holistic Stenslie previously was a sales man- own labels (and to contract out Approach to American Indian Texts ager for Gem Quest Jewelers from its services to other local muse- 1992 to 1998. She is the tribal chair ums), and will add new secure • The First Americans: The Pleistocene of the Barbareno/Ventureno Band of storage furniture and display Colonization of the New World Mission Indians and serves on the cases. Ojai Valley Museum Board of Trus- • Women without Class: Girls, Race, and Identity tees as well as the Oakbrook Chu- The next exhibition will focus mash Interpretive Center Board. on Wiyot youth – “Growing up Other books are on order. Check Tumamait-Stenslie is a Democrat. Wiyot: Then and Now.” The dis- with Marilyn for new titles. These positions require Senate con- play will feature contemporary firmation and there is no salary. art and literature from Wiyot Environmental and cultural de- The Native American Heritage kids, and accounts of growing up partments are teaming to offer Commission assists the public, the from Wiyot elders. If you are Tours at Tuluwat. All that is re- development community, local and interested in helping to plan this quired is calling the front office federal agencies, educational institu- exhibit, please contact me at the (733-5055) with your contact infor- tions and California Native Ameri- tribal offices or at cul- mation and being prepared for a cans to better understand problems [email protected]. short hike along the salt marsh relating to the protection and pres- (rubber boots required). ervation of cultural resources. The Later this year, the Center will mission of the commission is to pro- also be offering training in care Recovering Sulótalak – the Wiyot vide protection to Native American and handling of baskets. If you language program has recruited burial sites from vandalism and inad- are interested in participating, consultant Bill Weigel from University vertent destruction; provide a pro- please let me know. This work- of California Berkeley. He will begin cedure for the notification of most shop will be given by Georgia this month in several tasks such as the likely descendants regarding the dis- Fox from CSU Chico, and writing system, dictionary, and training student/teachers. Council member covery of Native American human funded by the IMLS grant. Gail Green has volunteered as the in- remains and associated grave goods; terim language coordinator. Gail and I bring legal action to prevent severe Tis the season – to curl up by will also be working on short term and irreparable damage to sacred the fire with hot chocolate and a funding for these initial tasks. shrines, ceremonial sites, sanctified good book. The Wiyot Tribal cemeteries and place of worship on Library has a large selection of public property; and maintain an in- a variety of books and videos. ventory of sacred places. Recent acquisitions include:

• Indian Legends of the Pacific Page 4 Wiyot News Cultural from the Ground up...

Wiyot Shaman, Wiyot Doctor From the Ground Up

By Helene Rouvier I recently had the honor to view Wiyot shaman’s regalia in museum collections. This led to extended research preparing repatriation claims of these items, a process complicated by limited tribal and museum records. History depends on what is remembered or recorded – with the near destruction of Wiyot people and culture, many pieces of native history are hidden or lost.

The few remaining clues were found in the accounts of ethnographers and linguists who recognized the increasing threat to native knowledge and lifeways. This documentary evidence forms the core of the Wiyot repatriation claim; all these materials are in the public domain and readily available on the web and in local libraries.

In his early “Notes on California Folk-Lore,” anthropologist A.L. Kroeber describes the Wiyot shaman:

Both men and women were shamans, but the best were women. Men had female supernatural helpers, women male supernatural helpers. These spirits were called wishidiekwa. The prospective shaman sat by a spruce-tree on a mountain at night. When she went back, she might be followed by here supernatural helper, who gave her her song. If she failed to be met by a spirit, she might go again some other night. Some shamans received their power easily. As the shaman sat on the mountain by the large fire which she had made, she would go to sleep, dream, and receive her song [Kroeber 1908:37].

In a later account, Kroeber and Elsasser note that “Shamans were chiefly women, and acquired their powers on mountain tops at night. Some people, too, were pitied by powerful lake spirits, and became physically strong and brave.” ((Kroeber 1925:117-118). Shaman’s regalia became instrumental in doctoring:

In doctoring, the shaman wears a headdress of two strings of feathers. This is tied around the forehead over the eyes, and the feathers fall on each side of the face, nearly to the waist. Shamans have long condor wing- feathers which they swallow until they disappear. They do this to make the disease go out from the patient more readily. The disease, objects or “pains,” silak, are like worms, and animate. They are “like obsidian,” that is transparent or glassy, but soft like saliva, and of various colors. Sometimes they are quite small, sometimes as long as a joint of the thumb. The shaman dances beside this patient, leaning on a stick and holding his long wing-feather. He uses no rattle or whistle but sings. The dancing enables him to locate the seat of the disease. To a good shaman the patient’s whole body is transparent. After dancing, the shaman, or another, a sucking shaman, sucks the patient and extracts the “pain,” which he shows. Then he closes his hand and sings. After singing, he blows on his hand and opens it. It is empty. He has made the “pain” disappear by telling it to go away [Kroeber 1908:37]. Shamans in practicing wore a headband from which hung two long strings of feathers (Fig. 11, c), and shoved condor feathers into their stomachs. There were those who only diagnosed while dancing and singing and others who also sucked out disease objects and blood. The disease “pains” were minute, wormlike, self- moving, soft, and transparent. They were sometimes sucked through the tobacco pipe (Fig. 11, a), which was a standard unit of the shaman’s equipment. (Kroeber 1925:117-118) Elsasser’s later account resembles Nora Coonskin’s version (Bear River Ethnography) in which “there Volume 1, 08 Page 5 ...Cultural from the Ground Up

(continued from pg 4) were three distinct methods of curing. The first and most important was the shamanistic curative dance, given only for very grave sickness of unknown origin…In grave sickness of unknown origin, the patient was sung and danced over by the shaman and the pains extracted.” (Nomland 1938:116)

The Wiyot paralleled many California Indian groups in their theories relating to disease: they held beliefs in causes by intrusion of poison objects, by soul loss, or by certain breaches of taboo. Herb doctors gave medicine, recited curative formulas, but were known to be able only to weaken or check disease objects. Sucking doctors, expert at removing the poison objects, were both men and women. Fees were paid to doctors before the cure…Wiyot shamans were not financially liable for declining a (perhaps hopeless) curing case; this is unusual for Northwestern Cali- fornia but is in a way in keeping with the Wiyots’ apparently reduced emphasis on property and wealth when compared with Klamath River groups [Elsasser 1978:159-160].

For nine months during the years 1956 to 1959, linguist Karl Teeter worked with Della Prince, last fluent speaker of Wiyot (by the 1910 census only 58 full blooded Wiyot remained, 11 under the age of 20, and likely few with language fluency). Contained in Mrs. Prince’s texts is an account of the “Doctor Dress”:

The doctor wears a different kind of headdress also. When they are going to have a dance, that’s when he wears it too. A doctor’s headdress is brought when he goes to doctor Indians. He’s going to start to sing. He starts to wear it on his head. His cane (too). His belt (too). He brings along those three things. His cane. Swal- lowing feather. Doctor’s pipe. Those are all the things one uses. Once starts in doctoring. That’s when he puts on the doctor’s headdress. On it he also hangs all kinds of things. One makes it fancy with those. I don’t know what kind of feathers (is used). But I have seen doctors wearing them. They put on buckskin, on the forehead side. Then they tie it on the back of the head side. Enough, enough; that’s the end [Teeter 1964:229].

As noted by Mrs. Prince, the shaman also participates in dance ceremony (arguably also a site for healing). Again, there is scant documentation of Wiyot ceremonies. One of the few descriptions was also found in Kroe- ber’s “Notes on California Folk-Lore” –

A dance replacing among the Wiyot the jumping-dance of the Yurok and Hupa was held indoors, and lasted about five days. It was held at a place called Hieratgak, at the present shipyards on Humboldt Bay; but it is not know whether, like the jumping-dance, it could be held only at this or certain other particular spots. At this dance obsidian blades were used, but were hung by strings on the breast instead of being held in the hand, as in the deerskin-dance of the Hupa and Yurok. It is said that a woman shaman stood in the middle of the dancers [Kroeber 1908:38].

Page 6 Wiyot News Cultural from the Ground Up...

(continued from pg 5) Reporting Tribal Distributions

A dance replacing among the Wiyot the jumping-dance of the Yurok and Hupa was held indoors, and lasted about five days. It was held at a place Information from the Internal Revenue Service called Hieratgak, at the present shipyards on Hum- boldt Bay; but it is not know whether, like the If you are a member of a federally recognized tribe jumping-dance, it could be held only at this or certain other particular spots. At this dance obsidian and have received income from tribal per capita distri- blades were used, but were hung by strings on the butions or from Indian gaming proceeds, here is some breast instead particular spots. At this dance, obsid- important information. Reported on a MISC-1099 ian blades were used, but were hung by strings on Income statement, this income should be included on the breast instead of being held in the hand, as in Line 21 of Form 1040, with a description. The correct the deerskin-dance of the Hupa and Yurok. It is said description will allow the return to process as quickly that a woman shaman stood in the middle of the as possible! For paper or e-file returns, please enter dancers [Kroeber 1908:38]. one of the following descriptions on Line 21 of your The complete “provenance” (or chain of owner- income tax return form: INDIAN GAMING PRO- ship) of these items is incomplete at best. Several CEEDS, INDIAN TRIBAL DISTRIB, or NATIVE items identified as a “shaman’s outfit” were a gift AMERICAN DISTRIB. of C.E. Rumsey to A.L. Kroeber in 1906. Further “digging” into the museum’s records showed that they were “obtained from Julia Gates at the Wiyot Rancheria near Salmon Creek, Humboldt County.” One reference to the donor was found in C.E. Kel- sey’s “Census of Non-reservation California Indi- ans, 1905-06,” in which “Jack Gates and wife” were listed under “Indianola” which is now the Salmon Creek/Hookton area. Kroeber also men- Your may obtain additional information by calling tions “the doctor’s outfit I picked up a few years 800-8291040 or from the Indian Tribal Governments’ ago” (Kroeber’s correspondence to L.L. Loud in 1913). Web site at : www..irs.gov/tribes

The rest of the story is obscure. Were these Tribal Adults should look for the MISC-1099’s to items freely given or sold, what was the motiva- arrive by mail in February from the Tribal Office. In- tion? Perhaps more importantly, were these items cluded with the form will be instructions from the IRS owned by the individual or by the community? on how and on what line to report RSTF income. These are a few of the issues that must be addressed in repatriation claims. In successful claims, issues Only Tribal Adults will receive and need to report of contamination, deterioration, secure storage, and the RSTF income for 2007. The minors did not re- access will need to be resolved as well. ceive over $600.00 in RSTF income for 2007 and so will not have to report any of the childrens income.

Volume 1, 08 Page 7

continued from page 4 Unplug Day is an invitation to all people...The to show our Environment love and respect for Mothe EaAroundrth by challenging Us

SKUNKS-The Good, The Bad, and The Smelly Submitted by Tim Nelson

Skunks are primarily nocturnal crea- The Bad • Make sure that all air vents tures found in every neighborhood in Most often than not, people and openings to crawl spaces Humboldt County. Skunks have little will view skunks as a pest and other potentially accessible to no fear of humans since they are rather than an environmentally areas are secured. Skunks are often born right in our own backyards. important figure. But, if we all rodent predators that often fol- While their diet primarily consists of follow certain guidelines and low mice and rats into these ar- rodents (i.e. mice, rats) and insects, it practical knowledge to de- eas. Close openings around may also include carrion (i.e. meat), crease this negative view, we decks, stairs, sheds and hot tubs. eggs and garbage. may enjoy living with our urban • Keep woodpiles elevated off The Good wildlife. Like most organisms the ground and pick up any de- Skunks are often viewed as a pest (ourselves included), skunks are bris that could potentially house or nuisance by many domestic pet primarily looking for food, wa- a skunk den. Fencing is a highly owners who have to put up with the ter, and shelter. A nice cozy effective means of keeping vile smell their dog or cat recently ac- wood pile or under a house skunks out of your yard. By at- quired. Truth of the matter is that near a field full of rodents and taching an extension of chicken skunks play a vital role in our ecosys- insects doesn’t seem like a wire along the base of your tem in some very important ways. great place for humans but for fence and buried beneath the Skunks not only help to control ro- a skunk it is like a four-star ho- ground's surface, you will pre- dent/harmful insect populations, but tel! To make sure that a local vent skunks from gaining access their diet also includes black widows skunk does not try to check-in, by digging under the fence. here is a list of things you can and scorpions as well. Lastly, while • Keep your domestic pets most carni- do to limit residency. inside at night. Domestic animals vores prefer • Secure trash containers left in the yard where a skunk to catch with tight-fitting lids and hold might live or forage could be their meals, the lid in place with a thick rub- sprayed anytime from dusk to skunks ber strap – i.e. a bungee strap. dawn. play an im- • Remove attractants from portant • The only natural predator a the vicinity of your house – i.e. role in the skunk has is the Great-horned garbage, dog or cat food left ecosystem by being scavengers and owl. Place a plastic or blow-up out at night, open compost thus, nutrient recyclers. Many unfortu- owl statue strategically around piles, a pond, decaying fruit nate animals involved in unknown or your yard to efficiently deter a vehicular accidents provide food and fallen from trees. skunk from setting up a resi- energy for skunks since their diet con- • Elevated sheds, openings dence. sists of carrion. Like vultures, skunks under concrete slabs and take in energy that would otherwise be porches, and access to crawl wasted and improve the ecosystem as spaces under houses are all a whole. attractive to skunks and other wildlife because they make

ideal denning sites. Page 8 Wiyot News Environment Around Us...

(continued from pg 7) There is no immediate remedy to FOR CLOTHES: • When a mother skunk and her getting rid of the smell as it will Use a half cup of vinegar or bak- young are present, leave them alone dissipate over time but here are a ing soda for each gallon of wa- for the few weeks that the young few suggestions to follow immedi- ter. Let soak for several hours are helpless. Monitor the skunks' ately following being sprayed: before washing as you normally activities to determine when they FOR HUMANS AND PETS would. have left for good, and then secure Note: It is advised to do this out- For more information on skunks all entrances to the nest site to pre- side to avoid contamination of and how to reduce your nega- vent re-entry. Trapping skunks is your house by the skunk smell tive exposures, please visit or rarely necessary and should never • 1 quart of 3% hydrogen perox- call the Environmental Depart- be done while they are nesting. ide ment. Important! If you have a mother with babies, be sure to give her ex- • 1/4 cup baking soda Oil Spills in Humboldt and San Francisco Bay, a tra time to relocate her entire fam- 1 teaspoon dish-washing detergent ily before you seal the entrance to After mixing the ingredients, im- lesson to be learned their den. Babies will starve and mediately wash the areas that Submitted by Tim Nelson possibly discharge their spray before have been sprayed, taking care to dying if trapped in the den. avoid the eyes, ears, and mouth. (Consider using a mild deterrent Close to ten years to the day Wait 5 minutes then simply rinse such as a radio to accelerate the from the disastrous Kure oil spill with water. Repeat if necessary. skunks' departure from the den.) on Humboldt Bay, San Francisco Bay, along with miles of coast- The Smelly CAUTION: Do not store in a line, has been polluted with over

closed container as this solu- 58,000 gallons of oil. In early Skunks are most known for their tion releases oxygen and may November, the cargo ship Co- incredible ability to fend off poten- explode. sco Buscan struck the Bay tial predators with a potent smell Bridge, damaging the integrity of Tomato juice is another option originating from special, muscle con- the ship’s hull, resulting in a mas- trolled glands. Skunks will let a but many believe that it does not sive oil spill. predator know when they feel work or actually worsens the threatened by making mini charges smell. Crews from different environmental agencies efficiently and audibly stomping their forepaws on the ground. Skunks will not spray enacted mitigation efforts for unless their previous actions go un- the clean-up but resulting conse- warranted but a persistent attacker quences of the spill were already can be struck from as far as 25 feet devastating. Very strong oil away! A skunk’s spray is considered fumes from the waters sur- a thiol (sulfur containing compound) rounding the East Bay, large and can be nauseating as well as number of tar balls (floating oil transferable. If you or an animal are globs) and tar patties littering sprayed, take care to avoid furni- the coastline and beaches, and ture, any other articles of clothing large numbers of dead or dying not sprayed, etc. as you or your pet birds are some of the problems can potentially ruin your belongings. that emergency teams are en- Volume 1, 08 Page 9 ...Environment Around Us countering. Humboldt State Univer- products, please call or visit the mestic dog or cat with a cur- sity’s Wildlife Care Center quickly Environmental Department. rent rabies vaccination status responded to the spill by sending sup- is exposed to a rabid animal, plies such as protective clothing, sy- Living with Wildlife and then the owner is directed to ringes, dryers, and other materials to the possible threats to have the animal re-vaccinated Bay Area wildlife centers. To date, human and domestic pet (immunity needs to be high) more than 600 LIVE birds have been and observe the animal’s be- rescued due to oil contamination health havior for a 30 day period. A which can include, but is not limited Many are aware of the persis- pet that is not current in its to, over-exhaustion from inability to tent danger of contracting the ra- rabies vaccinations and en- fly, hypothermia from loss of body bies virus. Wildlife such as counters a rabid animal may heat, ingestion or absorption through skunks, coyotes, foxes, raccoons, have to be euthanized, or iso- liver/lungs of toxic level of oil, blind- etc., can be vectors for this dis- lated in double enclosure ness, and drowning due to loss of ease and are capable of passing on quarantine for six months at buoyancy. Of course, many other or- this deadly virus to both humans the owner’s expense. ganisms such as sea otters, killer and their domestic pets. The fol- whales, micro invertebrates, etc. are lowing paragraphs from Humboldt Many of Humboldt extremely affected by oil spills but County’s Department of Human County’s veterinarians offer birds, due to their abundance and rate and Health Services website de- low cost shot clinics, and resi- of occurrence, show the most imme- scribe the rabies virus and steps dents are strongly encouraged diate effects. one should take if you or your to take advantage of this service. These clinic dates are an- I n the light of all this environ- pets are exposed. mental damage, there is a lesson to be nounced to the public every learned. Though it may seem straight- spring. Contact your veteri- forward and simple, a cleanup plan for 1. Avoid contact with wild animals. narian or the Humboldt-Del Humboldt Bay has been in the works 2. Vaccinate dogs, cats and select Norte Veterinary Medical As- since the Kure oil spill in 1997. But livestock against rabies. Keep vac- sociation at 822-2402 for addi- now, there is more interagency com- cinations current. tional information on upcom- munication and cooperation and drills 3. Obtain medical care promptly if ing clinics. Know your pet’s are regularly being performed. Pri- bitten by a wild animal. vaccination dates and keep vate companies have been contracted 4. Report bites from domestic ani- them currently vaccinated. out to bring boats into the bay that mals to county or city animal con- specialize in cleanups. Also, an oil spill trol and bites from wild animals to Other important safety co-op is set up between the Hum- Environmental Health. measures include avoiding con- boldt Bay Harbor, Recreation and tact with wild and stray ani- Conservation District, the city of Rabies is fatal. Vaccination of mals, reporting animal bites to Eureka, Renner Petroleum and pets is a primary prevention meas- your county or municipal ani- Englund Marine to respond to spills. ure, providing a barrier to keep mal control officer, instructing Help protect your local waterways the rabies virus from passing from children to not touch a wild or and wildlife by disposing of your haz- the wild animal population to do- stray animal and report it to ardous waste in a safe and responsible mestic animals and people. State an adult, washing animal bites manner. For more information on law requires vaccination of all dogs immediately with soap and wa- and it is strongly recommended hazardous material such as petroleum ter and seeking medical that cats be vaccinated. If a do- Page 10 Wiyot News Environment Around Us...

(continued from pg 9) Notice of Stomach Flu Outbreak attention, bat proofing homes and outbuildings, and bringing pet foods indoors at night to keep skunks, rac- The Health Department in- down with beach solution. formed UIHS of a gastrointestinal coons, opossum, and fox from be- There is no medication to coming uninvited visitors on your illness outbreak. The outbreak has treat this illness. It is recom- porch. Questions about rabies been determined to be caused by mended for people that are ill should be directed to the Depart- Norovirus. to drink lots of fluids to help ment of Health Norovirus is extremely infec- prevent dehydration. and Human Ser- tious. It is spread by fecal-oral Your can decrease your vices, Division of route (poop contaminate hands chance of coming in contact Environmental that spread the virus to other sur- with noroviruses by following Health. Contact faces and into your mouth.) Not these preventive steps: the Vector Con- washing hands after: using the rest- trol Desk at (707) room or changing diapers and not • Frequently wash your 268-2203, the washing hands before eating or hands, especially after toi- main desk at (707) 445-6215, or toll preparing foods spread the infec- let visits and changing diapers and before eating or free at 1 (800) 963-9241. Call one of tion. these numbers if you have a bite preparing food. Characteristics of the illness from a include: onset within 24-36 hours • Carefully wash fruits and skunk, fox, after exposure, little or no fever, vegetable, and steam oys- or a bat or abdominal cramping, nausea, vomit- ters before eating them. have ing, diarrhea, chills, tired, and usu- • Thoroughly clean and dis- found a bat infect contaminated sur- in your ally systems last up to 24-48 hours. faces immediately after an home. People that are ill with the episode of illness by using a Help protect stomach flu should stay home and bleach-based household your family and community by being not attend work, school or prepare aware of the presence of rabies and food for others until 3 days after cleaner. know- ing they recover. Even after you feel • Immediately remove and how to re- better you could still spread the wash clothing or linens duce the risk illness, so continue using good hand that my be contaminated of exposure. washing. with virus after an episode of illness (use hot water If you are caring for a family member with nausea, vomiting or and soap).

diarrhea you should wash hands with soap and water rather than

sanitizer. Waterless alcohol hand sanitizers are not as effective

against this virus. Vomit may be- Questions call come aerosolized, so rooms where Public Health Nursing at 476- people have been actively vomiting 4981 should be very carefully wiped Submitted by Tim Nelson Volume 1, 08 Page 11 ...News and Notes from Social Services www.fafsa.ed.gov or obtained if not filing a tax return), you Talking Them Out of Their at any campus Financial Aid may qualify for an Expected Money…Financial Aid Tips Office. This form has to be Family Contribution (EFC) completed each academic year that does not count all of Free Application for Federal by the student, in order to be your income and assets. Student Aid eligible to receive financial aid. Federal law now suspends Information is requested about federal student aid eligibility, Students planning to attend income and assets of both par- for any student who has college next fall must complete ents and students to determine been convicted for the pos- the Free Application for Federal eligibility for federal student aid. session or sale of illegal Student Aid (FAFSA) and submit it All students applying for finan- drugs if the offense occurred for processing, following the in- cial aid must complete this during a period of enrollment structions on the form. This appli- form. The first F in FAFSA for which the student was cation must be filed annually and stands for FREE, you should receiving federal student aid never have to pay to complete (grants, loans, and/or work- students are encouraged to file a FAFSA. If you get to a web- study). If you have a previ- the application as soon after Janu- site that requires that you pay ous drug conviction and are ary 1 of each year as possible. or enter credit card information not sure about how to an- Students should apply as soon as your are not on the official swer question 31, we en- possible after January 1, 2008 FAFSA website, check the ad- courage you to complete the when applying for financial aid for dress and try again. new 2007-2008 Drug Con- the 2008-2009 school year and viction Worksheet. The law FAFSA’s have to be in the mail or News federal laws will go also created a new student completed online by March 2nd to into effect beginning January aid grant program called the meet the priority deadline. first that may be an interest to Academic Competitiveness new and continuing students. Grant (ACG). Congress has What does the FAFSA do Under the new law, if you are provided funding and the for you? This is the federal gov- currently serving on active duty grants are available for the ernment’s instrument for calculat- in the U.S. Armed Forces for 2007-2008 award year. First- ing need-based aid. It is first ap- purposes other than training, year undergraduate students plication to be completed in order you are considered to be an will be eligible to receive up to apply for virtually all types of "independent" student and will to $750. Second-year under- Federal financial aid for higher not need to provide parental graduate students will be eli- education. Schools use the information on your Free Appli- gible to receive up to $1,300. FAFSA to determine student eligi- cation for Federal Student Aid bility for Federal Student Aid, such (FAFSA). If you (your spouse) How to Find Scholar- as grants, loans and federal work- or anyone in your household or ships study, Federal Title VI student aid you, your parents, or anyone in programs, including Pell Grants, your parent's household, re- There are 1.3 million private Stafford Loans, and the campus- ceived benefits in 2006 from scholarships in the United based programs (SEOG, Work- certain federal benefit programs States according to Fastweb, Study, and Perkins Loans), tuition and have an income of $50,000 they give away $9 billion a year waivers, and work study. or less (your AGI in Q35 or your in scholarship money every parent's AGI in Q79 if not filing year! There are four ways to Application can be found at a tax return) or (your earned Page 12 Wiyot News

News and Notes from Social Services...

(continued from pg 11) Mart, churches, your tribe, other So take caution. Start your local Indian organizations, your scholarship search early in your find scholarships: (1) on the Inter- high school, your local college, senior year. Now is a good time net, (2) using scholarship directo- local foundations office, and to start. ries, (3) in your local community, Chamber of Commerce…. Put the word on the street, every- and (4) from your intended college. ACADEMICS where you go let people know To locate scholarships on you are going to be attending col- the internet I recommend using a lege in the fall and you are looking The Wiyot Tribe would like to free scholarship service. for scholarships. congratulate the following stu- www.fastweb.com, dents for Academic Excellence www.petersons.com, Last but not least go to www.srnexpress.com, the college or university you will www.gocollege.com, and be attending and tell them you are Wiyot Honor Roll www.finaid.org. Please note that looking for scholarships. Most each of these services is able to pro- colleges have a free booklet or an Elizabeth Hernandez vide scholarship information to you onsite scholarship listing that is for free through their use of adver- available for you to thumb Danielle Smalling tising. My recommendation to in- through. The only way to find out terested students is to set up a is to ask. Certificates of Achieve- separate free email address just for ments for Academic Im- the purpose of finding scholarships. The most important That way scholarship notices and thing for American Indian students provements junk mail does not interfere with to remember is DON”T LOOK your personal email account. ONLY FOR INDIAN SCHOLAR- SHIPS….LOOK FOR ALL Matthew Hernandez There are over 700 dif- SCHOLARSHIPS. If you only look ferent scholarship directories pub- for Indian scholarships you are Heather Smalling lished in the U.S. Most of them are only looking at on-tenth of one highly specialized for international percent (0.001) of the scholarship Tyler Miller study, athletes, or musicians. Only a universe. Do not leave out the handful of them have the kind of other 99.9 %, which is where al- Jon Miller comprehensive information students most all the money is. need. These are easy to Alan Miller spot….they are very thick. The Don’t wait until it’s too best place these oversized source- late!! Some of the most frustrat- Kirstin Fowler books are your local high school ing calls we receive happen over and college libraries. the summer and early fall. Stu- Catalina Lopez dents and parents call in July or Your community is an August looking for scholarships to Pilar James excellent source for scholarships. attend college in the fall. We have Your should find 25% or more of to tell students they are too late. your scholarships in your local com- The scholarship season is January munity. The Elks, Wal Mart, K through April. About 90% of Volume 1, 08 Page 13 ...News and Notes from Social Services ( Santa Visits the Wiyot Tribe at the Community Center

Special School Recognition Kirsten Fowler 100% club

Alan Miller for Math

Dakota James for perfect Atten- dance and Spoken Words

Pilar James for perfect atten- dance and two for reading

Youth Programs Children could whisper their wishes to Santa on the 15th of December at the Wiyot Tribe children’s Christmas Party. It was held at the Com- munity Center complete with special presents, treats and eats. Everyone If you have children or had a good time. grandchildren, please take a minute to review the new Youth calendar in this month’s newsletter. This calendar will be published each month in the Wi- yot newsletter and will highlight the various programs the tribe offers to children. If you have any questions about any of these activities please contact Michelle or Jason at the tribal office (707) 733-5055.

Page 14 Wiyot News

Newsletter Options

In light of being resource- ful and conserving our pre-

cious natural resources, we

would like to open receiving the Wiyot Tribe Newsletter A J Anderson Grady Atkins Jennifer Atkins by EMAIL. Erin Babcock Kaylee Babcock Norma Bennett On the back of the news- Tammie Bettis Jan L. Braaten Thurma Bray letter you are reading now, Timothy D. Burrus Charlene Cody Sharon Cooper there is a change of address McKenzie Crawford Shayla Crawford Gerald Detrick form which has been updated Timothy Deyarmie Gwendolyn Espinoza Darrol Evenson to include an email address. Darrell Evenson Jr. Stephanie Fowler Gail Green If you’d like to help in Katie Greenburg Kirsten Heinemann Justin Henry saving a tree, just fill out the Henry James Shane James Robert Johnson form and be sure to include Deanne Meyers James Norman Jeneene Osterman your email address and mail Darrell Rasco Flemette Reyes Karen Rodrigues it back to us or EMAIL your Mikenzie Roper Kimberly Rossig Marie Seidner Address to me…. Elaine Tompkins Harmon Tompkins Patty Wheeler Asher Wilkinson Thomas Wilkinson Jimmy Woodhurst [email protected] Vincent Woodhurst Alexandra Wyland Jackie Zacha Anthony Pedro

New Law Bans Smoking in Cars with It’s A Girl Kids California motorists will risk fines of up to $100.00 Congratulations to Alicia Brooks and TJ who next year if they are caught smoking in cars with just had a baby girl minors, making this state the third to protect children December 12th, 2007. in vehicles from secondhand smoke. A Harvard School of Public Health report issued last year said Jayden Echo Purdum secondhand smoke in cars can be up to 10 times more Weighed 8 lbs. 2.1 oz. of a health risk than secondhand smoke in homes. From Senator Deborah Ortiz, “ We all know that sec- 20 inches long ondhand smoke is hazardous. Children are effectively smoking a pack and a half a day for every hour they are exposed to smoke in car.” The ban takes effect January 1, 2008.

Volume 1, 08 Page 15 January 2008

Sun Mon Tu e Wed Thu Fri Sat

1 2 3 4 5 New Years Day Youth Field Teen night Special General Trip Office Closed Karate Meeting 10 am 4-5 pm

6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Toddler Time Hip Hop Danc- 1:30 ing 5-6 pm Teen Night 7-10 pm

13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Deadline for Hip Hop Danc- nominations for ing 5-6 pm

Council Teen night Business Toddler Time 7-10pm Council Meeting 1:30

20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Martin Luther Toddler Time Hip Hop Danc- King Jr. Day 1:30 ing Office Closed 5-6 pm

27 28 29 30 31 Toddler Time 1:30

Business Council Meeting Change of Address Request Form

This is to confirm that my new mailing address is as follows:

Name: ______

Address: ______City ______State______ZIP______EMAIL______

Telephone# ______Tribal # ______

Previous Names Used: ______

Spouse and/or children who will be affected: (list legal name and date of birth)

Signature______

PRSRT STD US POSTAGE PAID LOLETA, CA 95551 PERMIT NO. 2

Wiyot Tribe 1000 Wiyot Dr. Loleta, CA 95551 Phone: 707-733-5055 Fax: 707-733-5601 Email: [email protected]