Waterman 1934: 3-4

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Waterman 1934: 3-4 a state society (i.e., Euro-American) in the historic past, manu- factured either by direct political or indirect economic pressures (1975). Thus, the concept "triblet" may, indeed, describe the situation in the entire Country. To reiterate, in California, triblets were organized around a central community for a number of nearby sub-ordinate settlements. However, in northwestern California, political organization was characterized by extreme fractionalism; the triblet was a loosely connected set of separate settlements, and people clustered in a town or village which did not have the sense of cohesiveness and continuity of other areas. Individualism, or atomism, was the rule for the Tolowa, Hupa, Chil- ula, Wiyot, Karok, and Yurok. Within certain class boundaries, north- western California was characterized by a man struggling for himself and his immediate family--competition rather than cooperation was the ideal (Bean 1974). Factionalism of the typical triblet pattern was reflected in other aspects of northwestern California culture. For instance in regard to marriage practices: ... apart from the generic tendency to seek wives 'downstream,' the Tolowa and Karok sought wives not only in the immediately adjacent Yurok dis- tricts, but also to some degree in farther ones; and the Yurok reciprocated correspondingly. The Hupa and Chilula, on the contrary, exchanged wives and husbands with the Yurok almost exclu- sively in the Weitspus district. This differ- ence seems to be connected with the Tolowa and Karok being on the upstream-downstream line, as the Yurok construe the world, but the Hupa and Chilula living in a 'side-stream' or 'up-hill' direction. Intercourse and relations evidently flowed most freely along the main thoroughfare of the Klamath and its coastwise 'continuation' (Waterman 1934: 3-4). and, continuing; There is an unexplained tendency of men to seek their wives downstream. This holds not only as between most of the Yurok districts, but for Karok and Hupa in respect to Yurok and for Yurok in respect to Tolowa (Waterman 1934: 14). Also, in terms of kinship; The five little ethnic groups that carry the northwest California culture in its most devel- oped form--the Yurok, Wiyot, Tolowa, Karok and 25.
Recommended publications
  • FY 2020 Coordinated Tribal Assistance Solicitation Combined Award List Page 1 of 8 Nunakauyarmiut Tribe $500,950 1
    Department of Justice Fiscal Year 2020 Coordinated Tribal Assistance Solicitation Combined Award List ALASKA AMOUNT: $13,596,823 Alaska Native Justice Center $450,000 6. Children’s Justice Act Partnerships for Indian Communities (OVC) $450,000 Aleutian Pribilof Islands Association, Inc. $880,702 5. Violence Against Women Tribal Governments Program (OVW) $880,702 Asa'carsarmiut Tribal Council $387,415 1. Public Safety and Community Policing (COPS) $387,415 Central Council Tlingit and Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska $1,208,431 4. Tribal Justice System Infrastructure Program (BJA) $1,208,431 Fairbanks Native Association $416,030 9. Tribal Youth Program (OJJDP) $416,030 Kawerak, Inc. $1,229,928 3. Justice Systems and Alcohol and Substance Abuse (BJA) $813,898 9. Tribal Youth Program (OJJDP) $416,030 Koyukuk Native Village $437,628 1. Public Safety and Community Policing (COPS) $437,628 Maniilaq Association $699,015 5. Violence Against Women Tribal Governments Program (OVW) $699,015 Manokotak Village Council $362,390 1. Public Safety and Community Policing (COPS) $362,390 Native Village of Fort Yukon $390,820 1. Public Safety and Community Policing (COPS) $390,820 Native Village of Kwinhagak $306,123 1. Public Safety and Community Policing (COPS) $306,123 Native Village of Napakiak $453,859 1. Public Safety and Community Policing (COPS) $453,859 Native Village of Nunapitchuk $465,365 1. Public Safety and Community Policing (COPS) $465,365 Native Village of Port Graham $272,618 5. Violence Against Women Tribal Governments Program (OVW) $272,618 Native Village of Port Heiden $385,000 5. Violence Against Women Tribal Governments Program (OVW) $385,000 Native Village of Shageluk $413,426 1.
    [Show full text]
  • The Right Thing to Do: Returning Land to the Wiyot Tribe
    THE RIGHT THING TO DO: RETURNING LAND TO THE WIYOT TRIBE by Karen Elizabeth Nelson A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of Humboldt State University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts In Sociology May, 2008 THE RIGHT THING TO DO: RETURNING LAND TO THE WIYOT TRIBE by Karen Elizabeth Nelson Approved by the Master’s Thesis Committee: Jennifer Eichstedt, Committee Chair Date Elizabeth Watson, Committee Member Date Judith Little, Committee Member Date Jennifer Eichstedt, Graduate Coordinator Date Chris Hopper, Interim Dean for Research and Graduate Studies Date ABSTRACT THE RIGHT THING TO DO: RETURNING LAND TO THE WIYOT TRIBE Karen Elizabeth Nelson In 2004, the Eureka City Council legally returned forty acres of Indian Island to the Wiyot tribe. This return occurred one hundred and forty four years after the Indian Island massacre. This research explores the returning of sacred tribal land in the context of collective apologies and reconciliations after generations of Native genocide. The significance of this case study includes a detailed narration of how the land transfer occurred and more importantly why it was labeled “the right thing to do” by Eureka City Council members and staff. This case study was examined with a grounded theory methodology. Using no hypotheses, the research and the research methodology unfolded in a non-linear process, letting the research speak for itself. Detailed interviews and a review of documents were used to qualify and quantify this unique community based social act. The results of this case study include how and why the Eureka City Council returned forty acres of Indian Island to the Wiyot people.
    [Show full text]
  • Indian Sandpaintings of Southern California
    UC Merced Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology Title Indian Sandpaintings of Southern California Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/59b7c0n9 Journal Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology, 9(1) ISSN 0191-3557 Author Cohen, Bill Publication Date 1987-07-01 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Journal of California and Great Basin Antliropology Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 4-34 (1987). Indian Sandpaintings of Southern California BILL COHEN, 746 Westholme Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90024. OANDPAINTINGS created by native south­ were similar in technique to the more elab­ ern Californians were sacred cosmological orate versions of the Navajo, they are less maps of the universe used primarily for the well known. This is because the Spanish moral instruction of young participants in a proscribed the religion in which they were psychedelic puberty ceremony. At other used and the modified native culture that times and places, the same constructions followed it was exterminated by the 1860s. could be the focus of other community ritu­ Southern California sandpaintings are among als, such as burials of cult participants, the rarest examples of aboriginal material ordeals associated with coming of age rites, culture because of the extreme secrecy in or vital elements in secret magical acts of which they were made, the fragility of the vengeance. The "paintings" are more accur­ materials employed, and the requirement that ately described as circular drawings made on the work be destroyed at the conclusion of the ground with colored earth and seeds, at the ceremony for which it was reproduced.
    [Show full text]
  • Plants Used in Basketry by the California Indians
    PLANTS USED IN BASKETRY BY THE CALIFORNIA INDIANS BY RUTH EARL MERRILL PLANTS USED IN BASKETRY BY THE CALIFORNIA INDIANS RUTH EARL MERRILL INTRODUCTION In undertaking, as a study in economic botany, a tabulation of all the plants used by the California Indians, I found it advisable to limit myself, for the time being, to a particular form of use of plants. Basketry was chosen on account of the availability of material in the University's Anthropological Museum. Appreciation is due the mem- bers of the departments of Botany and Anthropology for criticism and suggestions, especially to Drs. H. M. Hall and A. L. Kroeber, under whose direction the study was carried out; to Miss Harriet A. Walker of the University Herbarium, and Mr. E. W. Gifford, Asso- ciate Curator of the Museum of Anthropology, without whose interest and cooperation the identification of baskets and basketry materials would have been impossible; and to Dr. H. I. Priestley, of the Ban- croft Library, whose translation of Pedro Fages' Voyages greatly facilitated literary research. Purpose of the sttudy.-There is perhaps no phase of American Indian culture which is better known, at least outside strictly anthro- pological circles, than basketry. Indian baskets are not only concrete, durable, and easily handled, but also beautiful, and may serve a variety of purposes beyond mere ornament in the civilized household. Hence they are to be found in. our homes as well as our museums, and much has been written about the art from both the scientific and the popular standpoints. To these statements, California, where American basketry.
    [Show full text]
  • Edible Seeds and Grains of California Tribes
    National Plant Data Team August 2012 Edible Seeds and Grains of California Tribes and the Klamath Tribe of Oregon in the Phoebe Apperson Hearst Museum of Anthropology Collections, University of California, Berkeley August 2012 Cover photos: Left: Maidu woman harvesting tarweed seeds. Courtesy, The Field Museum, CSA1835 Right: Thick patch of elegant madia (Madia elegans) in a blue oak woodland in the Sierra foothills The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its pro- grams and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sex- ual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20250–9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Acknowledgments This report was authored by M. Kat Anderson, ethnoecologist, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) and Jim Effenberger, Don Joley, and Deborah J. Lionakis Meyer, senior seed bota- nists, California Department of Food and Agriculture Plant Pest Diagnostics Center. Special thanks to the Phoebe Apperson Hearst Museum staff, especially Joan Knudsen, Natasha Johnson, Ira Jacknis, and Thusa Chu for approving the project, helping to locate catalogue cards, and lending us seed samples from their collections.
    [Show full text]
  • Central California Agency
    Tolowa Northern California Elk Valley Agency Resighini Karuk q Yurok Quartz Valley Big Lagoon Trinidad Hoopa Valley Fort Bidwell Blue Lake Pit River Tribe Northern Calif Agency Table Bluff Alturas Cedarville Rohnerville 364 Knollcrest Drive, Ste 105 Redding, CA 96002 Pit River Tribe 530-223-7960 Central CalIifD AAgeHncOy Redding Laytonville 650 Capitol Mall, Ste 8-500 Sherwood Valley Sacramento, CA 95814 916-930-3680 Redwood Valley Susanville Round Valley Coyote Valley Southern Calif Agency Pinoleville Paskenta Greenville Guidiville Grindstone 1451 Research Park Dr, Ste 100 Riverside, CA 92507 Potter Valley ! Berry Creek 951-276-6624 Robinson Mechoopda Scotts Valley Enterprise Manchester-Point Arena Upper Lake Colusa Mooretown Palm Springs Agency Hopland Elem Indian Colony PO Box 2245 Big Valley Cortina Stewarts Point Palm Springs, CA 92263 Middletown Auburn 760-416-2133 Yocha Dehe Pacific Regional Office ^ Cloverdale Koi Nation Graton Shingle Springs 2800 Cottage Way Dry Creek Washoe Sacramento, CA 95825 Wilton ^Ione 916-978-6000 Jackson Lytton Buena Vista Sheep Ranch Bridgeport Chicken Ranch Tuolumne Central California C A L I F O R N I A Western Regional Office Agency Benton Picayune North Fork Bishop Table Mountain Big Sandy Cold Springs Big Pine Timbisha Shoshone Fort Independence Santa Rosa Rancheria Lone Pine Timbisha Shoshone Tule River 0 50 100 ^Tejon Miles Santa Ynez ^ TRIBAL OFFICES TRIBAL LANDS Public Domain Allotments Palm Springs Fort Mojave Agency Datum: NAD83 Southern California San Manuel Agua Caliente The boundaries depicted on this map Santa Rosa Reservation Chemehuevi are for display purposes only. This data Morongo Twenty-Nine Palms does not address encroachments or Agency Cabazon questions of location, boundary, and area Soboba which an accurate survey may disclose.
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Register/Vol. 86, No. 98/Monday, May 24, 2021/Notices
    27892 Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 98 / Monday, May 24, 2021 / Notices 225. Saginaw Chippewa Indian Tribe of 273. Tolowa Dee-ni’ Nation Commission (‘‘Commission’’) Michigan 274. Tonkawa Tribe of Oklahoma determines, pursuant to the Tariff Act of 226. Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian 275. Tonto Apache Tribe 1930 (‘‘the Act’’), that revocation of the Community 276. Torres Martinez Desert Cahuilla countervailing duty and antidumping 227. Samish Indian Tribe Indians duty orders on certain steel grating from 228. San Carlos Apache Tribe 277. Tulalip Tribes of Washington China would be likely to lead to 229. San Manual Band of Mission 278. Tule River Tribe continuation or recurrence of material Indians 279. Tunica-Biloxi Indians of Louisiana injury to an industry in the United 230. San Pasqual Band of Diegueno 280. Tuolumne Band of Me-Wuk States within a reasonably foreseeable Mission Indians Indians time. 231. Santa Rosa Rancheria Tachi-Yokut 281. Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Tribe Indians Background 232. Santa Ynez Band of Chumash 282. Twenty-Nine Palms Band of The Commission instituted these Mission Indians Mission Indians reviews on October 1, 2020 (85 FR 233. Sauk-Suiattle Indian Tribe 283. United Auburn Indian Community 61981) and determined on January 4, 234. Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa 284. Upper Sioux Community 2021 that it would conduct expedited Indians 285. Upper Skagit Indian Tribe of reviews (86 FR 19286, April 13, 2021). 235. Scotts Valley Band of Pomo Indians Washington The Commission made these 236. Seminole Nation of Oklahoma 286. Ute Mountain Ute Tribe determinations pursuant to section 237.
    [Show full text]
  • Federally Recognized Indian Tribes
    Appendix C: Federally Recognized Indian Tribes The following tribal entities within the contiguous 48 states are recognized and eligible to receive services from the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs. For further information contact Bureau of Indian Affairs, Division of Tribal Government Services, 1849 C Street N.W., Washington, DC 20240; Telephone number (202) 208-7445.1 Figure C.1 shows the location of the Federally Recognized Tribes. 1. Absentee-Shawnee Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma 2. Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians of the Agua Caliente Indian Reservation, California 3. Ak Chin Indian Community of Papago Indians of the Maricopa, Ak Chin Reservation, Arizona 4. Alabama and Coushatta Tribes of Texas 5. Alabama-Quassarte Tribal Town of the Creek Nation of Oklahoma 6. Alturas Rancheria of Pit River Indians of California 7. Apache Tribe of Oklahoma 8. Arapahoe Tribe of the Wind River Reservation, Wyoming 9. Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians of Maine 10. Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes of the Fort Peck Indian Reservation, Montana 11. Augustine Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians of the Augustine Reservation, California 12. Bad River Band of the Lake Superior Tribe of Chippewa Indians of the Bad River Reservation, Wisconsin 13. Bay Mills Indian Community of the Sault Ste. Marie Band of Chippewa Indians Bay Mills. Reservation, Michigan 14. Berry Creek Rancheria of Maidu Indians of California 15. Big Lagoon Rancheria of Smith River Indians of California 1Federal Register, Vol. 61, No. 220, November 13, 1996. C–1 Figure C.1.—Locations of Federally Recognized Indian Tribes and Alaska Native Corporations. C–2 16.
    [Show full text]
  • Table 5-4. the North American Tribes Coded for Cannibalism by Volhard
    Table 5-4. The North American tribes coded for cannibalism by Volhard and Sanday compared with all North American tribes, grouped by language and region See final page for sources and notes. Sherzer’s Language Groups (supplemented) Murdock’s World Cultures Volhard’s Cases of Cannibalism Region Language Language Language or Tribe or Region Code Sample Cluster or Tribe Case No. Family Group or Dialect Culture No. Language 1. Tribes with reports of cannibalism in Volhard, by region and language Language groups found mainly in the North and West Western Nadene Athapascan Northern Athapascan 798 Subarctic Canada Western Nadene Athapascan Chipewayan Chipewayan Northern ND7 Tschipewayan 799 Subarctic Canada Western Nadene Athapascan Chipewayan Slave Northern ND14 128 Subarctic Canada Western Nadene Athapascan Chipewayan Yellowknife Northern ND14 Subarctic Canada Northwest Salishan Coast Salish Bella Coola Bella Coola British NE6 132 Bilchula, Bilqula 795 Coast Columbia Northwest Penutian Tsimshian Tsimshian Tsimshian British NE15 Tsimschian 793 Coast Columbia Northwest Wakashan Wakashan Helltsuk Helltsuk British NE5 Heiltsuk 794 Coast Columbia Northwest Wakashan Wakashan Kwakiutl Kwakiutl British NE10 Kwakiutl* 792, 96, 97 Coast Columbia California Penutian Maidun Maidun Nisenan California NS15 Nishinam* 809, 810 California Yukian Yuklan Yuklan Wappo California NS24 Wappo 808 Language groups found mainly in the Plains Plains Sioux Dakota West Central Plains Sioux Dakota Assiniboin Assiniboin Prairie NF4 Dakota 805 Plains Sioux Dakota Gros Ventre Gros Ventre West Central NQ13 140 Plains Sioux Dakota Miniconju Miniconju West Central NQ11 Plains Sioux Dakota Santee Santee West Central NQ11 Plains Sioux Dakota Teton Teton West Central NQ11 Plains Sioux Dakota Yankton Yankton West Central NQ11 Sherzer’s Language Groups (supplemented) Murdock’s World Cultures Volhard’s Cases of Cannibalism Region Language Language Language or Tribe or Region Code Sample Cluster or Tribe Case No.
    [Show full text]
  • California Rural Indian Health Board (CRIBB)
    The Center for Indian Community Development California Rural Indian Health Board (CRIBB) liil his year marks the 25th anniver- provided by the Indian Health 1.11 sary of the California Rural Indian Service, however, in Califor­ Health Board (CRIHB). CRIHB origi­ nia, Indians were considered nally began with nine Rural Indian Health lucky if they got an occasional CALIFORNIA RURAL Demonstration Projects coming together visit from a public health nurse to form one new non-profit organiza­ or were able to access the two INDIAN HEALTH BOARD tion. The organization has continued to Indian Health Service hospi­ be an advocate for the health care needs tals in the state. of all Indians in California. Currently, there are 27 tribes who have given CRIHB In 1953, huge changes oc­ a resolution for the delivery of health curred in California, as well as care at 12 different health care programs across the nation. In a sweep of throughout California. Their budget has their legislative arm, the state increased from an 18-month budget of of California and federal gov­ $245,000 to a three year budget of $37.4 ernment called for the termi­ 'n. Although there has definitely nation of federal authority over _tps and downs, CRIHB has been Indian lands (Assembly Joint o weather the storm and still exist as Resolution 38), terminated the one of the most influential organizations IHS for Indians in California in California "Indian Country." (HCR 108), and extended state jurisdiction over health care, It is important to note that previous criminal offenses committed C R I H B to the development of CRIHB, there was in Indian country, and other little, if any, health care available to most matters (Public Law 83-280).
    [Show full text]
  • California-Nevada Region
    Research Guides for both historic and modern Native Communities relating to records held at the National Archives California Nevada Introduction Page Introduction Page Historic Native Communities Historic Native Communities Modern Native Communities Modern Native Communities Sample Document Beginning of the Treaty of Peace and Friendship between the U.S. Government and the Kahwea, San Luis Rey, and Cocomcahra Indians. Signed at the Village of Temecula, California, 1/5/1852. National Archives. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/55030733 National Archives Native Communities Research Guides. https://www.archives.gov/education/native-communities California Native Communities To perform a search of more general records of California’s Native People in the National Archives Online Catalog, use Advanced Search. Enter California in the search box and 75 in the Record Group box (Bureau of Indian Affairs). There are several great resources available for general information and material for kids about the Native People of California, such as the Native Languages and National Museum of the American Indian websites. Type California into the main search box for both. Related state agencies and universities may also hold records or information about these communities. Examples might include the California State Archives, the Online Archive of California, and the University of California Santa Barbara Native American Collections. Historic California Native Communities Federally Recognized Native Communities in California (2018) Sample Document Map of Selected Site for Indian Reservation in Mendocino County, California, 7/30/1856. National Archives: https://catalog.archives.gov/id/50926106 National Archives Native Communities Research Guides. https://www.archives.gov/education/native-communities Historic California Native Communities For a map of historic language areas in California, see Native Languages.
    [Show full text]
  • Supplemental Resources
    Supplemental Resources By Beverly R. Ortiz, Ph.D. © 2015 East Bay Regional Park District • www.ebparks.org Supported in part by a grant from The Vinapa Foundation for Cross-Cultural Studies Ohlone Curriculum with Bay Miwok Content and Introduction to Delta Yokuts Supplemental Resources Table of Contents Teacher Resources Native American Versus American Indian ..................................................................... 1 Ohlone Curriculum American Indian Stereotypes .......................................................................................... 3 Miner’s Lettuce and Red Ants: The Evolution of a Story .............................................. 7 A Land of Many Villages and Tribes ............................................................................. 10 Other North American Indian Groups ............................................................................ 11 A Land of Many Languages ........................................................................................... 15 Sacred Places and Narratives .......................................................................................... 18 Generations of Knowledge: Sources ............................................................................... 22 Euro-American Interactions with Plants and Animals (1800s) .......................................... 23 Staple Foods: Acorns ........................................................................................................... 28 Other Plant Foods: Cultural Context ..............................................................................
    [Show full text]