The Center for Indian Community Development
California Rural Indian Health Board (CRIBB) liil his year marks the 25th anniver- provided by the Indian Health 1.11 sary of the California Rural Indian Service, however, in Califor Health Board (CRIHB). CRIHB origi nia, Indians were considered nally began with nine Rural Indian Health lucky if they got an occasional CALIFORNIA RURAL Demonstration Projects coming together visit from a public health nurse to form one new non-profit organiza or were able to access the two INDIAN HEALTH BOARD tion. The organization has continued to Indian Health Service hospi be an advocate for the health care needs tals in the state. of all Indians in California. Currently, there are 27 tribes who have given CRIHB In 1953, huge changes oc a resolution for the delivery of health curred in California, as well as care at 12 different health care programs across the nation. In a sweep of throughout California. Their budget has their legislative arm, the state increased from an 18-month budget of of California and federal gov $245,000 to a three year budget of $37.4 ernment called for the termi 'n. Although there has definitely nation of federal authority over _tps and downs, CRIHB has been Indian lands (Assembly Joint o weather the storm and still exist as Resolution 38), terminated the one of the most influential organizations IHS for Indians in California in California "Indian Country." (HCR 108), and extended state jurisdiction over health care, It is important to note that previous criminal offenses committed C R I H B to the development of CRIHB, there was in Indian country, and other little, if any, health care available to most matters (Public Law 83-280). California Indians. There were a number of reasons for this, namely because the The state said that it would assume which is typically over-extended and lack of interest and funds from the state responsibility for the health care needs of under-funded. To make matters worse, and federal governments. Prior to 1953, the California Indians, but Indian people the termination legislation called for the Indian health care was supposed to be were not a priority in the state budget, termination of rancherias and whole tribal entities. The Bureau of Indian Affairs quickly ended all aspects of special status
' for the Indians affected by the legislation, Inside This Issue which, in concept, was similar to the ab rogation of treaties which occurred in .::· : .· .. other states. Allleiican Indian Programs and Clubs on Campus ···· ···· 3 Language Program Specialist Project Status Report 4 Although California's treaties were Native AmedcanLanguage Issues Institute Conference Report 4 never ratified, rancherias and reserva Meet Joe Giovannetti 5 tions were established by executive order ·Local TfibesUpdate . 6 and legislation, with the understanding Joint Resolutlon Jn the Senate (}f the United States 7 that these federal enclaves would remain The Indian TeacHer Educational Personnel Program Update 8 for the native people as long as they continued to exist. These land bases, and Tolbwa Language Pocketbook Complete<} 10 limited services such as health care and (cont'd on page 2) education, were a small price to pay for The California Rural Indian H e~th the loss of millions of acres of homelands. Boards tart-up money was initially funded By terminating the tribes, and then failing with a $50,000 grant from the Donner Foun to provide services, the governments were dation. Headquarters were opened in essentially reneging all agreements made Berkeley, and Don Donaldson was hired as in the past. CRIHB's first Executive Director. AroLmd the same time, Senator George Moscone Although this policy was finally ended in was instrumental in the passage of SB providing fi cal :::c:- : __: ~ =:- -- '0 1970, the number of reservations/ rancherias 1397 which established and funded the incredible time oi gc.c- -::..- ::_:: ~ in California went from 117 to 78. After a Indian Health Unit in the California Public started in abandoneci ~- :- - _:....:-=-- great deal of expense and effort, and the Health Department, which was to pro second hand medical eq:..:_::-=:-~;-: Tillie Hardwick Decision in 1983, seven vide technical assistance and contract with purchased, and dental o :~ ~ -,.'0 teen tribes have been "Lm terminated" with these expanding Indian health programs. opened in cramped quarter , burp: federally recognized status, and others was being made. are continuing to follow suit. At the federal level, the Director of Indian Health Service, Dr. Emory Johnson, In 1975, the passage of the Self In the 60's, Native Americans were recommended to the Department of Determination and Education Assistance inspired by the Civil Rights Movement, Health, Education and Welfare Act (PL 93-638) put some teeth into the and began to reassert themselves politi (HEW) that the Indian Health Service federal policy implemented previously cally, and new training opportunities again provide services to California. and also provided a mechanism for tribes were created through the Office of Eco Following his recommendation, plans to contract with both the Indian Health nomic Opportunity programs. This train were made for IHS to enter into con-tracts Service and Bureau of Indian Affairs for ing laid the foundation, and provided the with CRIHB, and in 1969 IHS opened a Cali services that addressed their needs. At means for the development of new ideas fornia office in Sacramento. With a new the same time, a lawsuit was filed by the and organizations which would address administration under President Nixon, Rincon Band of Mission Indians against the issues of healthcare and education in federal Indian policy was changed, to the Secretary of HEW, as a class action the Indian community. The time was ripe focus on Indian Self-Determination, in lawsuit on behalf of all Indians in Califor for a new organization, The California stead of Termination, which accelerated nia to force the Indian Health Service to Rural Indian Health Project, which later the implementation of health services in provide the same level and scope of ser grew into CRIHB in 1969. California's rural areas. vices in California that they provided else where in the country. In 1980 the US Court of Appeals, for the Ninth Circui.t- ., upheld the District Court decision in f of the tribes, saying that the way they been making their funding decisions was not legally appropriate. THE MISSION OF CALIFORNIA RURAL INDIAN HEALTH BOARD Over the next few years, CRIHB would decide to become a "638" organi CRIHB, sanctioned by Tribal governments, and Indian controlled, is committed to the development of policies zation, which would enable it to contract and services which will elevate the health and social conditions of Native American peoples of rural California out for their member tribes to the IHS for to the highest possible level, by means of Program Development, Legislation and Advocacy, Financial funding. However, court battles and poli Resources Development, Training and Technical Assistance, Shared Services and Benefits, and Consensus tics created more hurdles, and it wasn't Building. until 1984 that CRIHB received its first CENTRAL VALLEY INDIAN HEALTH REDDING RANCHERIA TRIBAL TULE RIVER INDIAN HEALTH "638" contract from IHS. In the meantime Emmaline Hammond HEALTH CLINIC CENTER, INC. they obtained funds from a variety of Bennie Roberts Edward "Bob" Foreman Michele McDarment Brenda Spidle Larry DeSoto sources including, but not limited to: GREENVILLE RANCHERIA TRIBAL government sources, private fmmdations, HEALTH PROGRAM SONOMA COUNTY INDIAN TUOLUMNE RURAL INDIAN HEALTH Marjorie Timmons HEALTH PROJECT, INC. Dennis Hendricks local fundraising campaigns, and contri Louie Barlese, Jr. Anita Silva Mike Hammer, Sr. butions of labor and supplies. Charlotte Wagner KARUK TRIBAL HEALTH PROGRAM UNITED INDIAN HEALTH Alvis "Bud" Johnson TOIYABE INDIAN HEALTH SERVICES, INC. The late 1980's \\·ere '-·ears 0~ ..a.- -'0 ....,:= Richard Johnson PROJECT, INC. Frank Scott and ne,,- legislation •·:l:l.;c.--: o ~c."lc-.i :ce-·. Joseph Saulque Joy Sundberg doors: The Federal Tere C~-:c:: _..\c: ,., PIT RIVE:R HEALTH SERVICES Barbara Durham La Verna Jenkins MOUNTAIN INDIAN extended to Ind:an rribal or"'a.:uza ·o - Jessica Jim TRINITY RURAL INDIAN HEALTH HEALTH and health care contrac ors, thu elimi PROJECT, INC. Ralph DeGarmo nating the need -or m alpractice insur Eva Mastel Glenda Davis ance; an Indian Religious Program \,-ithin the State Department of Corrections,_,- - de1·eloped by the Committee for T (cont'd on pa
2 ....._ THE MESSE NG ER Indian Natural Resource, Science graduate programs in the sciences, such group of American Indians and Alaska and Engineering Program (INRSEP), as ecology and medicine. INRSEP spon Natives for credentialing as teachers, McMahon House 80, (707) 826-4994: sors student activities including the counselors, and ed uca tiona! personnel for INRSEP is a support program for Ameri IN RSEP Club, HSU Student Drum, Indian communities and public schools. can Indian and Alaska native students AISES and the Society for the Advance Although the majority of ITEPP stu pursuing degrees in the sciences and na tu ment of Chicano and Native Americans dents will be going directly into a teach ral resource disciplines. With the advice in Science (SACNAS). ing or educational career, some have of an academic advisor, students develop Indian Teacher and Educational Per gone through the program to go to law an individual major program w ithin the sonnel Program (ITEPP). Spidell House school, or another graduate program, Individual Design option. Personal coun 85, (707) 826-3672: ITEPPprovidesAmeri with the intention of going back to work seling, career counseling, and lower divi can Indian and Alaska Native students for their tribes. ITEPP services were sion academic advising are key elements w ith academic counselling, academic sup especially helpful in making their in the support program. port, career cotmselling, advocacy, finan HSU career a more pleasant and relevant Former students have gone on to cial aid advising, access to word process experience. The know ledge and experi careers in forestry, fisheries, wildlife man ing equipment, and a specialized Native ence gained from ITEPP involve agement, resource planning, nursing, American library, among other services. ment is applicable and useful in computer information, as well as on to The program is designed to train a selected practically every career.
There are also a variety of student in the fields of Science and Engineering, ITEPP students are eligible to participate 1ubs on campus, ranging from the aca and breaking down the job ceiling for in the ITEPP Club. Currently the students demic, to the political, to purely social. Native Americans in professional careers. have nominated a committee to develop a The following is a list of clubs and how to They sponsor an annual conference, which draft resolution for the campus commu get involved in one of the most dynamic is one of the largest Indian student confer nity and Associated Students which will groups on campus: ences in the country. Members of the address the issue of why American Indi Humboldt State chapter receive a sub ans have an important and unique status American Indian Alliance (AlA): AlA scription to the AISES publication Winds as a minority group. Due to our legal and has been around for years on the HSU of Change. They are also eligible for finan political status as the original occupants campus. At times they have been a strong cial aid awards and career development of this country, we have retained many of political voice in the community, at oth assistance. The club is open to anyone, our inherent sovereign rights to self-gov ers, they have provided a place where but particularly Native Americans or ern ourselves. The ITEPP club is address American Indian students from different Alaska Natives who are interested in a ing this issue to educate the campus com backgrotmds can come together as a sup career involving science or engineering. munity and to prevent misunderstand port group. This year AlA has functioned Those interested in the Humboldt State ings, specifically about Indian student primarily as a social network for Indian AISES Chapter may contact Vicki Burnett organizations, that have occurred lately, students. Activities have included recep at INRSEP. as well as in the past. tions for campus events such as "From This is just one example of how the Plains to Pueblos," a Native American INRSEP Club: The INRSEP Club is open ITEPP club is focused on education of the dance and song exhibition and Navajo to anyone, but currently consists of all non-Indian community as well as on fur £11es t speaker Debra Taliman. AlA meets INRSEP students. They sponsor local and thering their education through ITEPP. on Fridays from 1-3 pm in the student campus events, as well as participate in They also participate in activities such as lounge of the Center for Indian Commu the HSU Student Drum. The HSU Stu the Multicultural Round Table, SCTA, - · ty Development. dent Drum is active on the pow wow and the Pow Wow Committee. committee, sings at local events and trav American Indian Science and Engineer els to different pow wows out of the area. ina Society (AISES): AISES is a national erican Indian organization, devoted ITEPP Club: The ITEPP Club is the stu -o e\·eloping careers for Indian students, dent run part of the ITEPP program. All (cont'd on page 11)
FALL 1994 ...... 3 Language Program Specialist
Project Status Report NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGE ISSUES :NSTITUTE (NALI) 1994 CONFERENCE REPORT Last, but certainly not least, has been by Jenni er G eorge the publication of a series of 24 seasonal Hupa Language Sessions, written ex 1l1is year's conference theme "·as ·· .:- :n,:: pressly for the Hupa Heads tart Program ing We Come: Shaping Ou r Fu ure to meet the Language/Cultural compo Through Language and Song," and·., ,b nent of the tribe's Federal Headstart Grant. held November 9-121994. The e\·en ·.,·,1, The goal of these lessons is to introduce co-hosted by the Center for Research and Cultural Exchange Institute of American basic vocabulary, simple phrases, rhymes, Indian Arts, and was held at Glorieta, and songs in the Hupa Language, so that New Mexico. Local language facilitators pre-school age children will be imprinted attending this year's conference were: with the rudimentary language skills that Loren and Lena Bo mmelyn, Tolowa; will serve as "building blocks" for later Nancy Richardson, Terry and t>arah conversational speech. The lessons fol Suphan & Family, Karuk;and Marcellene low a "seasonal approach," introducing Norton, Jill Fletche r, Ruth Beck and Jennifer George, Hupa. terms that are appropriate for the seasons NALI's mission is to "preserv e, protect of the year. and promote the development of Native Although these three projects focus American languages." It seeks to achieve n lthough on the job only three weeks, specifically in the Hupa Tribe, CICD these goals by: "(1) Providing resources, 11.1 Jennifer George, CICD's new, tem works with many tribes and rancherias direction, and assistance for language porary Culture and Language Program within Humboldt and Del Norte COLm groups, programs and initiatives. (2) Iden Specialist, has found herself immersed in ties, including, but not limited to: Yurok, tifying and securing funding sources. (3) Recognizing and uti Iizing the wisdom three major projects that are to be com Tolowa, Ka ruk, Hupa, and Wiy o t of our elders. (4) 1\dnJCa ting for strong pleted within the next three months. languages. state and federal pol icies regarding Native These projects focus on the Hupa To sum up her experience to date, Lan.ruages and cultu re." Language, at the tribe's request, and deal Jennifer wishes to acknowledge the won H ighlightin" this year's conference with language immersion publications. derful, supportive, dedicated, CICD staff ,,·ere performances b1· nine women sing The first project is the completion of a for providing her with the opportunity to ers from \·arious tribes ,,- ho shared th Hupa Pocket Handbook, accompanied put these projects into high gear. "The indi\· id ual songs to nurture aesthetic a spiritual traditions, and student by an audio cassette, which is entitled, staff here is spoiling me with support mances b\- 1·arious sh1dents who attend "NowYou'reSpeakingHupa."Thehand services. Each project is a collaborative the Institute of American Indian Arts book, which grew out of a need expressed effort that reflects the talents of each per (IAIA) Performing Arts Department. Par at one of the Hoopa Tribe's Language son working in the office, whether it be ticularly mo\·ing speeches, among many, Immersion Camps, will be a compilation through graphics, research, budgets or were gi\·en by Buffy St. Marie, activist, of common Hupa words, phrases, place hard physical labor." artist, singer, so ng~ovriter, actor, and edu names, and ideas. The goal of this project ca tor; McQueen Redhouse (Dine'), attor ney, who spoke en tirely in Navajo; and is to have a handy reference available to Marie Smith (Eyak elder), w ho brought people who wish to converse with one the room to tears with a speech on how it another in Hupa, but maybe need a boost AMERICAN feels to be the last speaker of her tribe. or guide, to help with unfamiliar words INDIAN DANCE Local Karuk language advocate Nancy or phrases. Richardson, also gave a heartwarming The second project is the p ublication THEATRE speech dealing with her work with the of the Hupa language Dictionary (2nd Advocates for the Survival of California Friday February 1 7 Indigenous Languages. Edition). Currently, CICD support staff Van Duzer Theatre - 8:00 p.m. TI1e fo ur-day conference also hosted many have been busily binding a draft copy of individual language workshops for more the dictionary, created by Hupa Linguist The show-stopping Hoop Dance. in-depth sharing among participants, as Victor Golla and numerous Hupa elders. well as many youth activities. The draft copy will be distributed during The stunning regalia of the Eagle Dance. Despite the somewhat isolated remote ness of the conference location, many went the week of October 24 to interested tribal 0 An awe inspiring spiritual journey inlo the -··• away with a renewed sense of purpose members, language apprentices, elders, heartbeat of native North America's cultural and d irection in the never-ending quest heritage. and other Hupa Language enthusiasts, for language preservation. for a 2-month editing cycle. Because the o Twenty-four performers representing seven Hupa Language ultimately belongs to the teen diHerenU.ribes shqre their songs and Hupa people, they will have the final say dances. as to what is in their dictionary.
4 _... THE MESSENGER Mee-t ~oe Giovanne-t-ti.
oe Giovannetti, a local Tolowa Indian and former Chairper which he says," it was a great experience and a real education in how D son of the Tolowa Nation, has worn many hats in his long tlze law really works when it is applied to real people in real situations." career, working in Indian education, Indian Child Welfare law, He is still frequently called upon as a source of information for and counselling, among many other things. However this year, Indian Child Welfare cases, and finds them each to be unique Joe Giovannetti is a visible face on campus as a full time lecturer and challenging because of the complicated lives we lead, in the Native American Studies Department. his connection to combined with the complexity of the law. HSU and education have been established over many years: he When asked which accomplishments, he was most proud received his B.A. degree in Journalism and his Masters degree in of, he quickly said," the Community Development Block Grant that Education from Humboldt State U niversity; a teaching creden l wrote for United indian Health Services (UlHS) wlziclz was fully tial in Journalism and Business while participating in the ITEPP funded." UIHS has received $160,000 annually for six years to program; and a Ph.D. from Sierra College through an external fund the Child/ Adolescent Dual Diagnosis Program which program. provides counselling and drug-use intervention programs The fact that his tribe is situated relatively for youths age 10-18. close to HSU helped when he wrote his dis Joe Giovannetti has an extensive background sertation, "Tolowa Worldview: Native in Indian legal issues from his experiences American Psychology as a Path to Indi as Chairman of the Tolowa Nation, viduation." In this paper he discussed where he actively researched and filed how people can fulfill their own des 11 their petition for federal tinies and assume the multiple roles 1f we develop acknowledgement; and from his that are necessary in a functioning and maintain research into the history of geno Indian society. Joe firmly believes cide in Siskyou County for a case that as Indian people, "if we de our spirituality, involving a Karuk/Shasta In velop and maintain ou r spirituality, dian on death row. He now has we will be guided to become all that we will be an opportunity to share his we have potential to be." He credits knowledge in the classroom, as his mother in the development of guided to be- a full time lecturer in the Native many of his beliefs; like many American Studies program, Native Americans, his mother come all that we teaching courses that focus on played a large role in his life and Indian legal issues. He will be taught him many of the skills neces have potential to teaching four classes next semes sary for survival in the modem world. ter: Native American Experience, In addition to academics, Joe be." Indigenous Legal Systems, Native worked for 15years as the Title IV Johnson American Film, and Social Issues in In O'Malley Coordinator in the Eureka City dian Country. He really enjoys teaching, Schools. While in this position, he identified 979 and others that know him have stated, "I think Indian children in 12local schools, and targeted them that he has found his calling." for educational services. During this time, he was a History In addition to his academic pursuits, like many people, Joe teacher, and volLmteered at both the Humboldt County Juvenile is an avid sports fan and has been working on an interesting Hall and the Humboldt County Jail. These volunteer experiences new project. He has been extensively researching Native were very educational because he was working with Indian American athletes and is in the process of writing a book on 50- offenders, who have very unique needs and problems. As a result 60 Indian major and minor league baseball players. This is of these experiences, he has been called to testify in court as an "extremely important because as young people, Indian youths don't expert witness for cases involving Indians on a number of differ see themselves represented in sports, wizen in reality, Tndians are ent occasions. incredible athletes. In the past, they didn't really advertise that they Joe's unique experiences include lobbying for a tuition fee were Indian, because it was not really a good thing to be indian. In waiver for American Indians in the UC and CSU system; some many parts of the country there was, and still is, a great deal of racism thing that has been provided for generations in other states. Al and prejudice against Tndians. Today, many mixed blood players though the waiver proposal never became a reality, it did make it don't make an issueoftheirancestryeither. However, Indian boys and to the state legislature. As an advocate for student financial aid, he girls need to know tlzat they are represented in sports, and need to be also served for three years as EOP and financial aid officer at the reminded that sports were always a part of Indian cultures." College of the Red woods. In Indian Education, he worked for the At the California Indian Conference, held last month here Humboldt County schools writing the Indian Education News at HSU, Joe presented some of his research in which he identi letter and learned a variety of curriculum sales techniques. fies a number of well known athletes who are of American In the summer of 1993, Joe Giovannetti ran the Indian Child Indian descent, focusing on Chief Meyers, a Cahuilla ·welfare program on the Bear River Mattole Reservation, of (cont'd on page 11)
FALL 1994 ...... 5 This is just a short list of some of the successful programs and
Table Bluff-Wiyot
In a recent telephone interview with Linda Dionno, Fiscal Administrator for the Wiyot Tribe, she mentioned a proverb that her grandmother had told her. She said, "without roots you cannot grow, without history you have no roots." It is this need for history that has inspired the tribe to focus their efforts in developing a cultural center, which is now complete and sits beautifully on a bluff overlook ing the Bay. The Center for Indian Com munity Development assisted the rancheria in 1990 in obtaining clearances from the State Office of Historic Preserva tion and the California Coastal Commis sion to permit construction, so we too are proud of the beautiful cultural center. The development of the cultural cen ter has allowed for the creation of a munber Ongoing interest in the traditional lan programs and facilities for their ym of programs, such as: Jolmson O'Malley guage and culture has led tribal members people because they are somewna. tutorial program for students k-12 in all to consider building a traditional village isolated from the surrounding commu subjects, a tribal library, a language resto and ceremonial grounds, such as has been nity. With the recent completion of 27 ration program, sports programs, as well done at Sumeg. There is hope that poten homes, as well as their own water treat as a substance abuse program. tial funding sources will enable them to ment, sewage, and road systems, pro Recently, a language arts proposal, fulfill this dream. grams must be developed locally to written by Cheryl Seidner was funded The rancheria is also currently seek continue community development. and the Wiyot Language Revival Pro ing a grant for computers so the young Different plans for economic devel gram is moving forward to locate more people will be trained and can feel confi opment are being reviewed by the coun audiotape recordings of the Wiyot lan dent going out into a world that is more cil, including gaming. Although a deci guage and develop language classes. Since and more computer oriented. To encour sion has not been reached, numerous Wiyot traditional culture is very similar age their students to go on to college, they tribal members have been ap to the nearby Yurok, funds are being raised are developing a reference center for proached by casino management to take Wiyot children to visit Sumeg college preparation. It is especially companies, and the idea is being Village, a model Yurok village site. important for the rancheria to have considered.
Elk Valley Rancheria-Yurok, Tolowa, Chetko
This group is one of the last to incor state. Possibly as a result of this high have considered joining the Inter-tribal porate and develop a constitution under rating, they have been awarded a Bison Cooperative (a National Organiza the Indian Reorganization Act of 1935. $450,000 HUD grant to build a commu tion) and are doing a feasibility study on They will be meeting on November 23, to nity center. United Indian Health Service the potential for raising a Bison herd. have elections and vote on the current has discussed the possibility of utilizing The Inter-tribal Bison Cooperative draft constitution. Although this has taken some of the space as a satellite service (ITBC) is a non-profit tribal organization some time, other progress has been made, office. that is committed to reestablishing bufF such as seven new homes being built with In addition to this new funding, rep herds on Indian lands in a manner one of the highest HUD ratings in the resentatives of the 260 member Rancheria promotes economic development,
6 ....._ THE MESSENGER tt activities involving Indian tribes from the surrounding service area.
cultural enhancement, ecological restora Hupa Tribe The mission of the Hupa Language tion and spiritual revitalization. Program is to promote the preservation, revival and revitalization of the Hupa The Hupa Tribe has just been language thereby insuring the survival and awarded a $150,000 ANA grant which continuingvitalityoftheHupalanguage.The Happy Camp-Karuk will be used over the next 17 months for primary goal is to have Hupa be the pri Hupa Language and Education Programs. mary language spoken by Hupa families The Karuk Tribe in Happy Camp, The Hupa Language program is intended no matter where they may live. California, is pleased to announce that to bring together older and younger Hupa In addition to the spoken language they have just been awarded a $460,000 language teachers, potential teachers and component, funds will be used to equip ICDBG grant which will be used to re students to facilitate and encourage the the language center with multi-media model their health clinic and natural re transfer of Hupa language skills from one equipment for copying, viewing and stor sources department in Orleans. It is hoped generation to another, thus providing a ing materials. Training sessions will be that the remodeling will be completed by strong framework upon which to build a available to interested tribal mem next fall. language program that will continue into bers and community members. One Photo ID /Enrollment cards are now the next generations. The Hupa Language final product of this project is a catalog of being issued to all tribal members, and Center will be established as a centra all available language materials, which will be helpful for obtaining services in point of dissemination, compilation, and will be accessible to the tribal member the future. Interested tribal members development for Hupa language materi ship and all interested community should call Harvey in Enrollment for more als and documents to be made available members. ; nforma tion. for all Hoopa community members. (cont'd on page 12)
Joint Resolution in the Senate of the United States To designate the month of November 1994 as "National Native American heritage Month"
Whereas Native Americans were the original inhabitants of the land that now constitutes the United States of America; Whereas Nati11e American got,emments de11eloped tbe jitndamental principles of freedom of speecb and separation of powers in government, and these principles form the foundation of the United States Government today; Wbereas Native American societies have exhibited a resp ect .for tbe finiteness o.f natural resources througb deep respect ji'01n the eartb, and these values continue to be widel]1 beld today; Whereas Native American people have served witb valor in all wars ji·om !be Rez•olutionc11y War to tbe conflict in tbe Persian Gulf, often in a percentage well above tbeir percentage in the population of tbe Nation as a whole; Whereas, Native Americans bave made distinct and important contributions to America and !be rest of the world in many fields, including agriculture, medicine, music, language, and art; Wbereas, Native Americans deserve to be recognized for their individual contributions to American society as artists, sculptors, musicians, authors, poets, artisans, scientists, and scholars; Wbereas, tbe Members qf tbe Senate and tbe House q{ Representatives believe that a resolution and proclamation as requested in this resohttion will encourage self-esteem, pride, and se{/awareness in Natiz•e Americans of all ages; and Wbereas November is traditionally tbe month wben Native Americans bave barvested tbeir crops and is generally a time of celebration and gir1ing thanks: Now, tberejore, be it
Resolved by the Senate and House of Nepresentatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
That the month ofNovember 1994 is designated as "National Native American Heritage Month." The Presitlent is authorized and requested to issue a proclatnation calling upon Fetleral, State, and local govern11zents, interested groups and organizations, and the people of the United States to observe the month with a)Jpropriate programs, ceremonies, and activities.
FALL 1994 ...... 7 The Indian Teacher and Educational Personnel Program Update
EEl Laura Lee George, ITEPP Coordinator
tis interesting to note that, like the developing evaluation skills, lesson These illustrations were scanned and D California Rural Indian Health plans, teaching libraries and curricula. colorized with computer technology. Board, the Indian Teacher and Educa The purpose of the collection is to en Laura Lee George, ITEPP Coordinator, tional Personnel Program (ITEPP) is cel courage teachers in the skilled use of said, "this has been a learning experi ebrating it's 25th year anniversary as a high quality fiction and nonfiction, by ence for all of us because this is relatively student program here at HSU. To recog and about Native Americans, and to pre new technology and there aren't many nize their silver anniversary, ITEPP and pare teachers to share this literature with "experts" to draw from." the Center for Indian Community Devel the depth of understanding which will After it was discovered that the Sapir opment are collaborating to develop a make it more meaningful to students version was not complete, and since the commemorative history of the program. and will increase awareness of Native story had to be revised to include the It will tentatively be completed by the American history, contemporary life, and beginning and the ending, it is much end of April and have a limited publica traditional culture. longer than anyone thought at first. The tion. story was then videotaped with Hupa On a different note, ITEPP is busy as speaker Ray Baldy and Hupa Language usual with a number of interesting stu Field Work at Arcata High teacher, Mel odie Carpenter, as the second dent projects. For their ITEPP class, Pro s tory teller. In its complete form, the fessional Studies 792, students have all In another project, Two ITEPP stu story will be on CD-ROM and dis received e-mail accounts, are required to dents, Kerri Malloy and Merrold Yotmg, played in the form of a book, with give weekly responses and turn in home are doing fieldwork at Arcata High, Ethel Garcia's illustrations on each work assignments via e-mail and Internet. which will satisfy certain requirements page, along with the Hupa words, This component was developed to make for eligibility to a credential program. and an English translation. In< sure all ITEPP students are computer lit Kerri Malloy is project director for a mul tion to the amazing visual displa erate and able to access the many data timedia project called Visionary Stam story will be accompanied by bases that are now available on-line. pede, while Merrold Young is project audio-visual recordings of either Ray Another component of the PS 792 director for a student based online maga Baldy, or Melodie Carpenter, depending course was the development of a Native zine called Athena Online. Both Kerri on which button you push. The antici American Children's literature collection and Merrold work under an art teacher pated deadline for the project is sometime for ITEPP. With the guidance of Carolyn and a Humboldt Cmmty Dept. of Ed uca in December. Polese, Children's Literature Specialist, tion technician, and enjoy training the one hundred new Native American ymmg students as well as watching them children's literature books have been ac express themselves through the unique Pit River Research Project quired and a core group of students with online format. a strong interest in this area have been If that is not enough, ITEPP student, creating teachers guides to Native Ameri Mark LeBeau, who will be graduating can children's literature. Ten guides are Coyote and Frog Story from the program in the spring, has now complete, and the goal is to have fifty developed an exhaustive senior project. done and printed by January, in conjunc ITEPP students Elsie Griffin-Wilder He and Michelle Alvarez, from the tion with MOST (Minority Opportunities and Kerri Malloy are working on a Center for Indian Community Devel for Student Teachers.) The student group campus-based, multi-media project which opment, wrote a successful grant producing the guides will be presenting will be an interactive version of a Hupa proposal through the Native California this information at the 18th Annual Cali story about Coyote and Frog in the Hupa Network, which will enable him to do fornia Conference on Indian Education, language. The project began with the extensive library and field research on which will be held March 23-25, 1995 in recovery of the Hupa story from fieldnotes Pit River resource material. He will be Sacramento. recorded in 1927by linguist Edward Sapir. focusing primarily on the Pit River The longterm goal of this project is to Three Hoopa elders were inspired to Language, through archival materials develop, maintain, and update a circulat record versions of this story on audio which are housed at various locations ing collection of Native American tape, which were combined with illustra across the state, as well as throueh children's literature that will support tions of the story that were drawn by actual visits with Pit River T teachers and teachers-in-training in former ITEPP student Ethel Garcia. elders.
8 ..._ THE MESSENGER With the hopes of breathing life into hopefully be included to produce a calen In addition to the calendar, Mark the archival material, he is developing a dar that will be distributed to all Pit River and Michelle are writing an anno calendar which will replace English tribal members. "It's a way to give some tated, descriptive bibliography of all words/ symbols for months, numbers, thing back," said Mark, about his project, resource materials that discuss Pit River, moon cycle, seasons, and other historical "We are so programmed to think of our and it will be housed at HSU as well information, with it's equivalent in the Pit selves when we come to school, it's easy as in the tribal cultural center near ~iver Language. Other archival and to forget, that we need to take back, what Burney. istorical information, art, and photos will we learn while we are here."
Fall 1994 ITEPP Graduate
Merrold Young, an enrolled member of the Sault St. Marie Tribe of Chippewa, has completed requirements for a Bachelor of Arts in English, Teacher Preparatory with minors in Native American Studies and Journalism. He is a student assistant at the Center for Indian Community Development, Vice Chair of the ITEPP student club, and plans on going on to graduate school for a Master's degree in English.
ITEPP Student List Fall 1994-1995
SONYA ARISTON DOMINIC FIGUEROA KITIE MAIN ARAN RUIZ, JR. Apache Yurok Miwok Karuk/ Papago
MICHELLE ARWOOD JOLENE GATES ALLISON MALLOY MELANIE SANDERSON Karuk Karuk Yurok Yurok/ Hupa
LOREN CITA CARPENTER MERVIN GEORGE, JR. KERR! MALLOY GENEVIEVE JONES-SCHWENK Hupa Hupa Yurok Paiute
JODI CAVIER ELSIE GRIFFIN-WILDER ANTOINETTE MARTINEZ MARYANN SIX Muscogee/ Creck Yurok Chumash Cit. l3i1nd Potawatomi
WILLIAM COLEMAN PATRICIA GURNETT ROSEMARY MATA MIKI TEMPLETON Choctaw Chippewa Kmuk, Apilche, Sioux Miwok/Chuckchansi
WESLEY CRAWFORD DEBORAH GUYETTE JEANINE MATILTON PAULA TRIPP Yurok Eastern Cherokee Hupa Yurok/Knruk
DAWN DEMARCUS LONYX LANDRY REBECCA MELVIN KERR! VERA Iroquois / Navajo Wintu Yurok Tule River
UMOJA DOUGLAS KEDUESCHA LARA BUFFY MITCHELL BRIAN WATKINS Capitan Grande (Mission) Hupa/Yurok Round Valley Yurok
RICHARD ENGLAND PATRICIA LAWSON JACK NORTON III CLYDE WINGO Yurok Mexican Hupa Karuk
ROBERT ENGLAND MARK LEBEAU MICHAEL OSIER MERROLD YOUNG Yurok Pi t River Karuk Chippewa
FALL 1994 ~ 9 Ne'Ws- f-rom Tolo'Wa Na-tion
Recently, Loren and Lena Bommelyn four symbols for sounds that are unique Covelo,and Modoc people liv were at CICD to put the finishing touches to the Tolowa language (as compared Oklahoma. on the new completed Tolowa Language with English), a glottal stop, and then Today, the Tolowa people collectively Pocketbook, and they took some time out utilizes versions of English vowels, plan on making an audio tape recording to share their project with The Messenger because the sounds are the same in both to accompany the pocketbook, which will staff. They told us that it has been two languages. be available to all tribal members very years since work began on the pocket The Tolowa Language Pocketbook is soon. When asked about the long-term book, because special care was taken in a shared project between the Tolowa Na goals of this project, Loren said,"we want developing an orthography that was best tion and the Siletz Reservation. Some of to get more people actually using the language for the Tolowa language. A decision was the people from Siletz speak the same and I want people to know that it's possible to made to forgo the previously used Tolowa language due to the fact that a learn their language ... So often, beginning lan Uniphon system in favor of a standard number of Tolowa people were moved guage students hear the language and think phonetic system. Loren, a fluent Tolowa up to Siletz by the United States Army in that they cannot make the sounds of their language speaker, ITEPP graduate, and 1855. This kind of movement was com language; at first it sounds so foreign." The teacher at Del Norte and Stmset High mon in California in the 1850's because audio tape will allow students to hear the Schools in Del Norte County, expressed the armies were trying to move the indig pronunciation of words in the text, hope that "this system provides an easier, stan enous people out of their homelands and fully making them more familiar, and dardized form for learning, as well as for onto smaller reservations. In many cases, also making it fun to learn. reproducing with computers." whole groups were moved far from their Loren now has 32 students in his The development of the new Tolowa homes, even as far as Oklahoma. Some of Tolowa language class, and he will be orthography was discussed at the Cali those people refused to stay on these res utilizing his new language materials as fornia Indian Conference here at HSU in ervations and made the long journey soon as they are available. The Center October. In his presentation, Loren dis home. Those who decided to remain on for Indian Community Development is cussed how combined input from both the reservations maintained their tribal making the final corrections. Anyone tribal people and linguists, was used to identities, so that today unique situations interested in the Tolowa language create their new, improved Tolowa exist; for example, Tolowa people live in pocketbook should con tact Loren alphabet. The Tolowa alphabet includes Siletz, Pit River p e ople live in Bommelyn or CICD.
CENTER FOR INDIAN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT STAFF
LOIS J. RISLING (HUPA) Director, specializing in Indian education, the history of education in the United States, and organizational development and management.
JENNIFER GEORGE (HUPA) Culture and Language Program Specialist, specializing in the development of language retention curriculum and programs, including cultural and language resource materials.
RUTH BENNETT, Ph.D. Researcher /Technical writer, specializing in archival research and documentation of native languages and ethnographies.
MICHELLE ALVAREZ (PIT RIVER/CAHUILLA) Program Public Relations and Grant Special ist, specializing in tribal governments, Indian law, language renewal methods, and grantwriting.
SARA BUR CELL (KARUK) Program Research and Grant Specialist, specializing in data process ing, health care services, community-based activities, and grantwriting.
SUPPORT STAFF:
Nancy Hill, Office Manager; Linda McRae, Graphic Specialist; Ian Cameron, Gillian Gali, Merrold Young, Dolly Thurlby, and Laurel Hislop, Student Assistants.
10 ...ollll&... THE MESSENGER r
(CRIHB con't) (Programs and Clubs con't) tiona! Indian Health, based on the Fed Pow Wow Committee: eral Court Decision, Sample v. Borg; The Pow Wow Committee organizes the Upcoming The Indian Health Care Improvement annual Humboldt State University Pow Act was passed and Amendments in Wow, which will be April22 and 23, 1995 Native American 1988 created the Indian Health Care at the Forbes Gyrrmasium. The Pow Wow Art Seminars Improvement Fund and required IHS to is a large community event which brings fund Tribal Contractors on the same American Indian dancers, singers and and Events basis as they hmd the IHS direct care vendors together. Originally, the pow system. Over this decade, CRIHB mem wow came from the Great Plains area, but bership changed over time; some in the past two decades, with the influx of The HSU Department of Art will projects developed and took off on their American Indians from out-of-state, pri offer the following seminars in the own, while other less established marily due to the Indian Relocation Pro Spring semester 1995: projects joined CRIHB for much needed gram sponsored by the Bureau of Indian support. Politically and organization Affairs (BIA) in the 1950's and 60's, many ally, things were changing. of the Indian people needed a place to NATIVE AMERICAN ART OF Part of the legal and political em come together and share their experiences. THE NORTHCOAST, phasis in this time period was due to the Out of this need, pow wows began to take ART 353 : fact that CRIHB hired a lobbyist for the place in California in the bigger urban first time. More attention was directed areas, such as Los Angeles, San Francisco, This course will focus on the tradi toward Washington and less toward Sac and San Jose where Relocation Centers tional arts of the Hupa, Karuk, ramento. This trend created a strong were operated by the BIA. Tolowa and Yurok through three presence of CRIHB in Washington, and Today, pow wows are often spon weekend classes. Tribal elders and it is that presence that has resulted in sored by Indian sh1dent organizations at recognized Native American art CRIHB having a growing influence in campuses across the state, such as at HSU. ists and teachers will host and teach the Capitol. They send delegates to Wash This large pan-Indian event takes months the class. ington annually to lobby Congress and of organizing and will attract American to testify before committees. CRIHB del Indian artists, craftspeople, dancers and egates are now very deliberate in their drum groups from across the country. SONG, DANCE, MYTH, AND pmpose and have their testimony prepared The Pow Wow Committee meets every DREAMTIME IN NATIVE in advance. Moreover, they attempt to co other Friday, 5:00 pm., at the INRSEP AMERICAN TRADITION, ordinate strategy and testimony with student lounge, McMahon House 80. For ART 3968: other California Indians andhaveagreater more information, call the INRSEP office. impact as time goes by. A workshop exploring the living In 1991, a study was conducted for traditions of Native American vi CRIHB which identified six priorities sual art forms in Northern Califor for the remainder of this decade: pro (Joe Giovannetti con't) nia based on song, dance, myth gram development, legislation and professional baseball player in the 1930's. and dreamtime. advocacy, financial resources develop Feedback from the audience indicated ment, training and technical assistance, that this issue was important to them, and shared services and benefits, and con that the children need to have more role SEMINAR IN NATIVE AMERI· sensus-building. This outline will be models in sports, as in all areas of life. CAN BASKETRY, evaluated annually with progress re Joe Giovannetti is one of those unique ART 496: ports and updates. CRIHB is currently and interesting individuals who makes involved with groups such as the Tradi you inspired to be the same. It seems that A seminar in Y urok basketry. (Lim tional Indian Health Education Program, he has followed that path of the Tolowa ited enrollment by consent of instruc and the Tribal Government's Consulta man in his essay of "Catching the White tor). tion Committee, in addition to provid Bird," a Tolowa story of spiritual awak ing seminars around the state as part of ening, and found himself enriched with their Training & Technical Assistance experience that he is willing to share with Program. With 25 years of experience as all of us. The Center for Indian Commu an organization and hundreds of years nity Development welcomes him to the of combined experience in the Indian University, as an important and knowl community, CRIHB should be around edgeable member of the local Indian for many years to come. As an advocate community! for the most basic service, Indian health, we need to commend the California Rural Indian Health Board for all of their efforts, and for bringing the standards of health care for California Indians to a new higher level.
FALL 1994 .... 11 (Local Tribes Update can't) MESSENGER Rohnerville Rancheria MANAGING EDITOR/WRITER Eureka Michelle Alvarez Program Public Relations and A HUD program will be initiated Grant Specialist next year and all eligible tribal members Tbe primary mission of tbe Center for Indian Center for Indian Community Development are being evaluated for determining eligi Community Development (CICD) is to cbannel bility. In order to facilitate this program Humboldt State University's reso urces to tbe GRAPHIC DESIGNER/TYPESETTER as well as the Adult Vocational Training diverse communities of Nortbern California, Lin THE MESSENGER is a semi-annual publication of the Arcata, CA 95521-4957 Center for Indian Community Development, Humboldt State (707) 826-3711. University. /lSI ' is an il il /t'O lnslilu/ion. The Center for Indian Community Development NON-PROFIT ORG. Humboldt State University U.S. POSTAGE Brero House #93 PAl D Arcata, CA 95521-8299 ARCATA,CA PERM IT NO. 78