InternationalInternational SpectrumSpectrum Management:Management: NASA’sNASA’s PerspectivePerspective GlennGlenn S.S. FeldhakeFeldhake

NASANASA HeadquartersHeadquarters Glenn.S.Feldhake@nasa[email protected] @@ NASANASA JohnJohn GlennGlenn Tel:Tel: 1.216.433.56681.216.433.5668 ResearchResearch CenterCenter M/SM/S 54-254-2 Fax:Fax: 1.216.977.74441.216.977.7444 2100021000 BrookparkBrookpark RdRd Cleveland,Cleveland, OHOH 4413544135 UnitedUnited StatesStates ofof AmericaAmerica 2 OverviewOverview

•• Missions Missions •• NASA NASA SpectrumSpectrum –– CurrentCurrent ManagementManagement ProcessProcess –– NearNear TermTerm •• ITU-R ITU-R // WRC-07WRC-07 •• Comm. Comm. ArchitectureArchitecture •• Propagation Propagation –– NearNear earthearth ––ACT ACTSS –– DeepDeep spacespace ––ITU-R ITU-R SGSG 33 •• NASA NASA && NASANASA •• Pop Pop QuizQuiz CentersCenters

3 TypesTypes ofof MissionsMissions •• Space Space ScienceScience •• Deep Deep SpaceSpace –– HubbleHubble SpaceSpace –– MarsMars Odyssey,Odyssey, TelescopeTelescope && otherother Spirit/Opportunity,Spirit/Opportunity, etc.etc. spacespace telescopestelescopes –– CassiniCassini (Currently(Currently –– GravityGravity Probe-BProbe-B orbitingorbiting Saturn)Saturn) •• Earth Earth ExplorationExploration •• Communication Communication –– Landsat,Landsat, Terra,Terra, Aqua,Aqua, –– TrackingTracking DataData RelayRelay –– TropicalTropical RainfallRainfall SatelliteSatellite SystemSystem MeasuringMeasuring MissionMission (TDRSS)(TDRSS) •• Manned Manned MissionsMissions –– DeepDeep SpaceSpace Network:Network: U.S.,U.S., Spain,Spain, && – International Space – International Space AustraliaAustralia StationStation 4 –– SpaceSpace ShuttlesShuttles SpecialSpecial Considerations:Considerations: DefinitionsDefinitions 1.511.51 EarthEarth exploration-satelliteexploration-satellite service:service: AA radiocommunicationradiocommunication serviceservice…relating…relating toto thethe characteristicscharacteristics ofof thethe EarthEarth andand itsits naturalnatural phenomena,phenomena, includingincluding datadata relatingrelating toto thethe statestate ofof thethe environment,environment, [which][which]ArticleArticle isis obtainedobtained 11 fromfrom activeactive sensorssensors oror passivepassive sensorssensors onon EarthEarth satellites.satellites. 1.551.55 spacespace researchresearch service:service: AA radiocommunicationradiocommunication serviceservice inin whichwhich spacecraftspacecraft oror otherother objectsobjects inin spacespace areare usedused forfor scientificscientific oror technologicaltechnological researchresearch purposes.purposes. 5 MoreMore DefinitionsDefinitions

1.1771.177 deepdeep space:space: SpaceSpace atat distancesdistances fromfrom thethe EarthEarth equalequal to,to, oror greatergreater than,than, 22 ×× 101066 km.km. 1.1821.182 activeactive sensor:sensor: AA measuringmeasuring instrumentinstrument inin thethe earthearth exploration-satelliteexploration-satellite serviceservice oror inin thethe spacespace researchresearch serviceservice byby meansmeans ofof whichwhich informationinformation isis obtainedobtained byby transmissiontransmission andand receptionreception ofof radioradio waveswaves.. 1.1831.183 passivepassive sensor:sensor: AA measuringmeasuring instrumentinstrument inin thethe earthearth exploration-satelliteexploration-satellite serviceservice oror inin thethe spacespace researchresearch serviceservice byby meansmeans ofof whichwhich informationinformation isis obtainedobtained byby receptionreception ofof radioradio waveswaves ofof naturalnatural origin.origin.

6 OtherOther DefinitionsDefinitions 1.131.13 radioradio astronomy:astronomy: AstronomyAstronomy basedbased onon thethe receptionreception ofof radioradio waveswaves ofof cosmiccosmic origin.origin. x.xxx.xx radarradar astronomyastronomy –– NotNot defineddefined 1.431.43 radionavigation-satelliteradionavigation-satellite service:service: AA radiodetermination-satelliteradiodetermination-satellite serviceservice usedused forfor thethe purposepurpose ofof radionavigationradionavigation.. 1.521.52 meteorological-satellitemeteorological-satellite service:service: AnAn earthearth exploration-satelliteexploration-satellite serviceservice forfor meteorologicalmeteorological purposes.purposes.

7 CurrentCurrent MissionsMissions ((ii..ee.,., FlyingFlying now)now) ACEACE GALEXGALEX MROMRO TDRSSTDRSS ACRIMSATACRIMSAT GENESISGENESIS NEWNEW HORIZONSHORIZONS TERRATERRA AQUAAQUA GRACEGRACE POLARPOLAR THEMISTHEMIS AURAAURA GRAVITYGRAVITY PROBE-BPROBE-B QUIKSCATQUIKSCAT TIMEDTIMED BIGELOWBIGELOW HETE-2HETE-2 RHESSIRHESSI TOMS-EPTOMS-EP CASSINICASSINI HSTHST SAMPEXSAMPEX TOPEX/POSEIDONTOPEX/POSEIDON CHANDRACHANDRA ICESATICESAT SEASTARSEASTAR TRACETRACE CHIPSATCHIPSAT IMAGEIMAGE SHUTTLESHUTTLE TRMMTRMM CLOUDSATCLOUDSAT ISSISS SIRTFSIRTF UARSUARS DEEPDEEP IMPACTIMPACT LANDSATLANDSAT SORCESORCE VOYAGER-1VOYAGER-1 EO-1EO-1 MARSMARS ODYSSEYODYSSEY STARDUSTSTARDUST VOYAGER-2VOYAGER-2 ERBSERBS MERMER STEREOSTEREO WIREWIRE FASTFAST MESSENGERMESSENGER SWASSWAS WMAPWMAP FUSEFUSE MGSMGS SWIFTSWIFT XTEXTE 8 1,700+1,700+ FrequencyFrequency assignmentsassignments Near-TermNear-Term MissionsMissions •• AIM AIM (Mesospheric(Mesospheric ice):ice): AprApr 20072007 •• DAWN DAWN (Solar(Solar systemsystem evolution):evolution): JuneJune 20072007 •• PHOENIX PHOENIX (Mars(Mars surfacesurface probe):probe): AugAug 20072007 •• GLAST GLAST (Space(Space telescope):telescope): OctOct 20072007 •• SHUTTLE SHUTTLE (ISS(ISS construction):construction): ×× 55 missionsmissions •• 2008 2008 •• 2009+ 2009+ –– GLORY GLORY (Earth(Earth energyenergy budget)budget) –– AQUARIUS AQUARIUS (Ocean(Ocean sensing)sensing) –– IBEX IBEX (Solar(Solar systemsystem boundary)boundary) –– MSL MSL (Mars(Mars surfacesurface probe)probe) –– KEPLER KEPLER (Extra-solar(Extra-solar planets)planets) –– WISE WISE (Infrared(Infrared astronomy)astronomy) –– LRO LRO (Lunar(Lunar exploration)exploration) –– JUNO JUNO (Jupiter(Jupiter exploration)exploration) –– OCO OCO (Atmospheric(Atmospheric chemistry)chemistry) –– GPM GPM (Precipitation)(Precipitation) –– SDO SDO (Sun(Sun structure)structure) –– JWST JWST (Astronomy)(Astronomy) 9 NearNear EarthEarth CommComm ••TDRS TDRS:: –– “Switchboard “Switchboard inin thethe sky...”sky...” –– 85% 85% coveragecoverage forfor near-Earthnear-Earth missionsmissions •• Misc. Misc. AdditionalAdditional groundground stationsstations

TDRS Satellites TDRS Ground Station Other Ground Stations Future TDSR Satellites 10 DeepDeep SpaceSpace NetworkNetwork •• Goldstone, Goldstone, USA;USA; Robledo,Robledo, SpainSpain**,, Canberra,Canberra, AustraliaAustralia •• Deep Deep space:space: “Space“Space atat distancesdistances fromfrom thethe EarthEarth equalequal to,to, oror greatergreater than,than, 22 ×× 101066 km.”km.” ((RRRR 1.1771.177)) •• Dish Dish sizessizes upup toto 7070 mm •• All All frequenciesfrequencies forfor U.S.U.S. andand non-U.S.non-U.S. missionsmissions usingusing thethe DSNDSN selectedselected byby NASA/JPLNASA/JPL

11 CommunicationCommunication BandsBands CurrentlyCurrently inin UseUse •• S-Band S-Band •• Ku-Band Ku-Band –– 2025-2110 2025-2110 GHz:GHz: EEÆÆSS andand –– 13.4-14 13.4-14 GHz:GHz: TDRSSTDRSS SSÆÆEE SSÆÆSS (Fwd)(Fwd) –– 13.77-13.78 13.77-13.78 GHz:GHz: SSÆÆSS –– 2110-2120 2110-2120 GHz:GHz: DeepDeep (Fwd)(Fwd) SpaceSpace SSÆÆEE –– 14.8-15.35* 14.8-15.35* GHz:GHz: SSÆÆSS (Rtn)(Rtn) –– 2200-2290 2200-2290 GHz:GHz: SSÆÆEE andand • Ka- Band SSÆÆSS (Rtn)(Rtn) • Ka- Band –– 22.55-23.55 22.55-23.55 GHz:GHz: TDRSSTDRSS –– 2290-2300 2290-2300 GHz:GHz: DeepDeep SÆS SpaceSpace EEÆÆSS SÆS –– 25.25-27.5 25.25-27.5 GHz:GHz: TDRSSTDRSS •• X-Band X-Band SSÆÆSS –– 7145-7190 7145-7190 GHz:GHz: DeepDeep –– 25.5-27.0 25.5-27.0 GHzGHz EESS/SRSEESS/SRS SpaceSpace EEÆÆSS SSÆÆEE –– 8025-8400 8025-8400 GHz:GHz: EESSEESS –– 31.8-32.3 31.8-32.3 GHz:GHz: DeepDeep SpaceSpace SSÆÆEE SSÆÆEE –– 8400-8450 8400-8450 GHz:GHz: DeepDeep –– 34.2-34.7 34.2-34.7 GHz:GHz: DeepDeep SpaceSpace SpaceSpace SSÆÆEE EEÆÆSS ** SecondarySecondary allocationallocation

12 OtherOther bandsbands alsoalso usedused forfor shortshort range/durationrange/duration communicationcommunication PrinciplePrinciple SensingSensing BandsBands CurrentlyCurrently inin UseUse ••Activ Activee •• (Passive (Passive cont.)cont.) –– 1215-13001215-1300 MHzMHz –– 23.6-2423.6-24 GHzGHz –– 5250-54605250-5460 MHzMHz –– 31.3-31.831.3-31.8 GHzGHz –– 9500-98009500-9800 MHzMHz –– 36-3736-37 GHzGHz –– 13.25-13.7513.25-13.75 GHzGHz –– 50.2-50.450.2-50.4 GHzGHz –– 35.5-3635.5-36 GHzGHz –– 52.6-59.352.6-59.3 GHzGHz –– 94-94.194-94.1 GHzGHz –– 86-9286-92 GHzGHz •• Passive Passive –– 105-122.25105-122.25 GHzGHz –– 10.6-10.710.6-10.7 GHzGHz –– 148.5-151.5148.5-151.5 GHzGHz –– 13.413.4 GHzGHz –– 174.8-191.8174.8-191.8 GHzGHz –– 18.6-18.718.6-18.7 GHzGHz –– 200-202200-202 GHzGHz –– 21.2-21.421.2-21.4 GHzGHz –– 240,240, 640640 && 24002400 GHz*GHz* 13 –– 22.21-22.522.21-22.5 GHzGHz ** UsedUsed butbut notnot allocatedallocated SpecialSpecial FrequenciesFrequencies

•• Frequencies Frequencies inin RRRR 5.3405.340 –– “All“All emissionsemissions areare prohibited”prohibited” •• Frequencies Frequencies inin RRRR 5.5655.565 (275-1000(275-1000 GHz)GHz) –– TheThe frequencyfrequency bandband 275-1275-1 000000 GHzGHz maymay bebe usedused byby administrationsadministrations forfor experimentationexperimentation with,with, andand developmentdevelopment of,of, variousvarious activeactive andand passivepassive services.services. •• Frequencies Frequencies betweenbetween 275275 andand 30003000 GHzGHz –– RecordableRecordable forfor informationinformation underunder ITU-RITU-R ResolutionResolution 950950 (e.g.,(e.g., MicrowaveMicrowave LimbLimb SounderSounder onon AURA:AURA: 640/2400640/2400 GHz)GHz) •• Frequencies Frequencies aboveabove 30003000 GHzGHz asas perper ITUITU ResRes 118118 –– NotNot “radio”“radio” butbut underunder thethe purviewpurview ofof ITU-RITU-R

14 NASANASA && NASANASA CentersCenters

Headquarters1 Washington, DC

Jet Propulsion Lab Ames RC Langley RC Pasadena, CA Moffett Field, CA Hampton, VA - Hubble Space T-scope - Mars Exp. Rover Science Science Dryden FRC Marshall SFC - (etc.) Edwards AFB, CA Huntsville, AL

Johnson SC Glenn RC2 Stennis SC Houston, TX Cleveland, OH SSC, MS - Int’l Space Station Manned Manned Missions - Space Shuttle Missions Kennedy SC KSC, FL Goddard SFC Greenbelt, MD - AIM Note:Note: AllAll NASANASA CentersCenters havehave aa designateddesignated - THEMIS - TDRS spectrumspectrum managermanager Earth-science (etc.) Earth-science 11 Center of NASA spectrum management & Communications Center of NASA spectrum management & Communications 2 15 2 HomeHome ofof NASANASA int’lint’l spectrumspectrum managersmanagers NASANASA SpectrumSpectrum MgtMgt ProcessProcess

Domestic New System SPS 1 SPS 2 SPS 3 SPS 4 Concept/Req’s Assgn’t Pre-coordination

Center Freq. ESA, JAXA, Adv. Pub. Coord. Notify Managers et. al. New mission DoD, NOAA, etc.

NASA Spectrum New ITU-R Rec. ITU-R WPs Conf. Prep. Mgmt. Office Technical & SGs Mtg. (CPM)

WRC AI Space Freq. Coord. Group WRC Freq. Mgmt. Regulatory Liaison Group (SFCG)

16 SpaceSpace FrequencyFrequency CoordinationCoordination GroupGroup

•• Membership: Membership: AnyAny nationalnational oror internationalinternational civilcivil spacespace agencyagency whichwhich isis interestedinterested inin thethe cooperativecooperative developmentdevelopment ofof recommendationsrecommendations forfor frequencyfrequency managementmanagement mattersmatters inin thethe supportsupport ofof sciencescience servicesservices –– 2525 MembersMembers (Civil(Civil spacespace agenciesagencies includingincluding NASA,NASA, ESA,ESA, andand NOAA)NOAA) –– 55 ObserversObservers (Including(Including WMO,WMO, ITU-RITU-R SGSG 7,7, IUCAF)IUCAF) ••Purpose Purpose:: –– SupplementsSupplements thethe ITU-RITU-R processprocess onon mattersmatters relatedrelated toto national/internationalnational/international scientificscientific spacespace agenciesagencies –– Pre-coordinatePre-coordinate nationalnational activitiesactivities relatedrelated toto sciencescience servicesservices 17 SFCGSFCG ObjectivesObjectives

•• “The “The SFCGSFCG waswas establishedestablished inin orderorder toto provideprovide aa lessless formalformal andand moremore flexibleflexible environmentenvironment,, ...... forfor thethe solutionsolution ofof frequencyfrequency managementmanagement problemsproblems encounteredencountered byby membermember spacespace agencies.”agencies.” •• “The “The SFCGSFCG isis concernedconcerned withwith thethe effectiveeffective useuse andand managementmanagement ofof thosethose radioradio frequencyfrequency bandsbands thatthat areare allocatedallocated byby thethe RadioRadio RegulationsRegulations ofof thethe ITUITU toto thethe SpaceSpace Research,Research, SpaceSpace Operations,Operations, EarthEarth ExplorationExploration Satellite,Satellite, andand MeteorologicalMeteorological SatelliteSatellite servicesservices.”.” •• “The “The principalprincipal resultresult ofof SFCGSFCG meetingsmeetings isis thethe adoptionadoption ofof resolutionsresolutions andand recommendationsrecommendations whichwhich expressexpress technicaltechnical andand administrativeadministrative agreements...agreements... toto makemake bestbest useuse ofof allocatedallocated bandsbands andand toto avoidavoid interference.interference.””

18 ExampleExample SFCGSFCG Output:Output: MarsMars “Allocation“Allocation Table”Table” RecRec 22-1R122-1R1 Orbit-to-Orbit Approach nav. 0.4, 7-8 8.4

Earth-to-Space 7.1 Mars-to-Orbit 0.4R, 8.4, 8.5, 16 Space-to-Earth 32, 8.4 Orbit-to-Mars 0.4F, 7.2

Earth-to-Mars Mars-to-Earth 7.1 8.4

Where: “0.4” = 390-405; “7.2” = 7190-7235 MHz Surface-to-Surface 435-450 MHz “7-8” = 7190-7235; 0.4, 2.1-2.2 “0.4F” = 435-450 MHz 8450-8500 MHz “0.4R” = 390-405 MHz “8.4” = 8400-8450 MHz “2.1-2.2” = 2025-2120; “8.5” = 8450-8500 MHz 2200-2300 MHz “16” =16.6-17.1 GHz 19 “7.1” = 7145-7190 MHz “32” = 31.8-32.3 GHz SFCGSFCG ActivitiesActivities ofof InterestInterest

•• “Pre-Coordination” “Pre-Coordination” ofof spacespace missionsmissions –– EarlyEarly exchangeexchange ofof technicaltechnical parametersparameters ofof missionsmissions –– EstablishingEstablishing technicaltechnical standardsstandards toto minimizeminimize interferenceinterference –– Inter-operabilityInter-operability toto aa lesserlesser extentextent duedue toto IOAGIOAG •• WRC WRC PreparationPreparation –– UpdatesUpdates onon regionalregional proposalproposal developmentsdevelopments –– DevelopmentDevelopment SFCGSFCG WRCWRC objectivesobjectives •• Corresponding Corresponding withwith relevantrelevant agenciesagencies –– NewNew andand existingexisting CivilCivil spacespace agenciesagencies –– HowHow toto interactinteract withwith commercialcommercial EESSEESS entities(?)entities(?) 20 ITU-RITU-R && RelatedRelated ActivitiesActivities •• Strong Strong InvolvementInvolvement •• Study Study GroupGroup 33 –– StudyStudy GroupGroup 77 (Propagation)(Propagation) (Science(Science Serves)Serves) –– USUS WPWP 3M3M Chair:Chair: –– HostingHosting USUS SGSG 77 WebsiteWebsite GlennGlenn FeldhakeFeldhake –– ChairmanshipsChairmanships •• US US SGSG 7:7: WayneWayne WhyteWhyte –– HostingHosting USUS SGSG 33 WebWeb SiteSite •• US US WPWP 7B:7B: BradBrad KaufmanKaufman • CITEL •• US US WPWP 7C:7C: JohnJohn ZuzekZuzek •CITEL •• Additional Additional ParticipationParticipation –– U.S.U.S. SpksprsonSpksprson AIAI 1.2,1.2, 1.31.3 –– ITU-RITU-R TGTG 1/9:1/9: ProtectionProtection –– U.S.U.S. Alt-SpksprsonAlt-Spksprson AIAI 1.171.17 ofof passivepassive sensorssensors –– CITELCITEL RapporteurRapporteur AIAI 1.31.3 –– ITU-RITU-R WPWP 8B8B && 8D:8D: AeronauticsAeronautics andand –– CITELCITEL Alt-Rap.Alt-Rap. AIAI 1.121.12 navigationnavigation •• WRC-07 WRC-07 PreparationsPreparations –– ITU-DITU-D SGSG 2:2: DisasterDisaster

21 ManagementManagement WRC-07WRC-07 AI’sAI’s ofof InterestInterest •• AI AI 1.21.2 –– SharingSharing betweenbetween EESSEESS (pa(passive)ssive) andand thethe fixedfixed andand mobilemobile servicesservices inin thethe 10.6-10.6810.6-10.68 GHzGHz andand 36-3736-37 GHzGHz bandsbands •• AI AI 1.31.3 –– PossiblePossible extensionextension ofof 200200 MHzMHz toto EESSEESS (active)(active) andand SRSSRS (active)(active) toto thethe existingexisting 9.5-9.89.5-9.8 GHzGHz allocationsallocations •• AI AI 1.51.5 –– SeekSeek additionaladditional aeronauticalaeronautical mobilemobile telemetrytelemetry spectrumspectrum toto supportsupport futurefuture widebandwideband flightflight testtest researchresearch •• AI AI 1.121.12 –– ModifyModify AppendixAppendix 44 ofof thethe RRRR toto allowallow properproper advanceadvance publicationpublication andand notificationnotification ofof spacespace sciencescience systemssystems •• AI AI 1.171.17 –– ProtectionProtection ofof 1400-14271400-1427 MHzMHz passivepassive bandband fromfrom unwantedunwanted emissionsemissions fromfrom MSSMSS feederlinksfeederlinks inin thethe 1390-13921390-1392 MHzMHz andand 1430-14321430-1432 MHzMHz bandsbands •• AI AI 1.201.20 –– ProtectionProtection ofof EESSEESS (passive)(passive) fromfrom unwantedunwanted emissionsemissions ofof activeactive servicesservices inin selectselect bandsbands asas setset forthforth inin ResolutionResolution 738738 (WRC-03)(WRC-03) •• AI AI 7.27.2 –– EnsureEnsure thatthat WRC-2011WRC-2011 agendaagenda containscontains itemsitems neededneeded toto accomplishaccomplish President’sPresident’s VisionVision forfor SpaceSpace ExplorationExploration (VSE)(VSE)

22 AIAI 1.2:1.2: SharingSharing betweenbetween EESSEESS (passive)(passive) andand thethe fixedfixed andand mobilemobile servicesservices inin thethe 10.6-10.6810.6-10.68 GHzGHz andand 36-3736-37 GHzGHz bandsbands NASANASA Objectives:Objectives: ForeignForeign Views:Views: •• Protect Protect EESSEESS (passive)(passive) •• CITEL CITEL –– LikelyLikely awaitingawaiting USUS operationsoperations inin 10.6-10.6810.6-10.68 GHzGHz inputinput bandband •• CEPT CEPT –– DraftDraft ECPsECPs supportsupport •• Protect Protect EESSEESS (passive)(passive) mandatorymandatory emissionemission limitslimits inin operationsoperations inin 36-3736-37 GHzGHz bandband 10.610.6 andand 3636 GHzGHz bandsbands USUS ProposalProposal Status:Status: •• APT APT –– DoesDoes notnot supportsupport • In reconciliation “additional“additional undueundue constraints”constraints” • In reconciliation onon FS/MSFS/MS • RCS/IRAC Proposal: non- • RCS/IRAC Proposal: non- •• ASMG ASMG –– GenerallyGenerally doesdoes notnot mandatorymandatory emissionemission limitslimits forfor support constraints on FS/MS FS/MSFS/MS inin 10.6-10.6810.6-10.68 GHzGHz andand support constraints on FS/MS mandatorymandatory limitslimits inin 36-3736-37 GHzGHz •• FCC/WAC: FCC/WAC: NOCNOC forfor 10.6-10.6- 10.6810.68 GHzGHz bandband andand non-non- mandatorymandatory emissionemission limitlimit forfor FS/MSFS/MS inin 36-3736-37 GHzGHz bandband

23 AIAI 1.3:1.3: PossiblePossible extensionextension ofof 200200 MHzMHz toto EESSEESS (active)(active) andand SRSSRS (active)(active) toto thethe existingexisting 9.5-9.89.5-9.8 GHzGHz allocationsallocations NASANASA Objectives:Objectives: ForeignForeign Views:Views: •• Extension Extension ofof 200200 MHzMHz toto thethe •• CITEL CITEL –– LikelyLikely IAPIAP fromfrom US/CanadaUS/Canada existing 9.5-9.8 GHz EESS existing 9.5-9.8 GHz EESS •• CEPT CEPT –– DraftDraft ECPECP largelylargely agreesagrees (active) and SRS (active) (active) and SRS (active) withwith USUS proposal;proposal; knownknown toto opposeoppose allocations to achieve a 500 allocations to achieve a 500 extensionextension intointo 9.8-109.8-10 GHzGHz MHzMHz contiguouscontiguous bandband •• APT APT –– SupportsSupports extension;extension; mostmost USUS ProposalProposal Status:Status: preferprefer 9.3-9.59.3-9.5 GHz,GHz, butbut KORKOR •• US US ProposalProposal forfor extensionextension intointo supportssupports 9.8-109.8-10 GHzGHz 9.3-9.59.3-9.5 GHzGHz bandband approvedapproved •• ASMG ASMG –– NotNot likelylikely toto supportsupport nornor andand sentsent toto CITEL;CITEL; reconciledreconciled opposeoppose 9.3-9.59.3-9.5 GHzGHz extension;extension; likelylikely withwith similarsimilar proposalproposal fromfrom toto opposeoppose 9.8-109.8-10 GHzGHz extensionextension CanadaCanada •• US US seekingseeking approvalapproval asas IAPIAP

24 AIAI 1.5:1.5: SeekSeek additionaladditional aeronauticalaeronautical mobilemobile telemetrytelemetry spectrumspectrum toto supportsupport futurefuture widebandwideband flightflight testtest researchresearch

NASANASA ObjectivesObjectives ForeignForeign ViewsViews •• EnsureEnsure sufficientsufficient flightflight testtest •• France France hashas identifiedidentified needneed forfor spectrumspectrum availableavailable forfor sub-sub- 6060 MHzMHz additionaladditional spectrumspectrum orbitalorbital testingtesting ofof AresAres andand •• Europe Europe consideringconsidering spectrumspectrum OrionOrion vehiclevehicle developmentdevelopment requirementsrequirements forfor UAV’sUAV’s (U.S.(U.S. •• CurrentCurrent allocationallocation cannotcannot meetmeet opposes)opposes) longlong termterm U.S.U.S. requirementsrequirements •• CEPT CEPT opposingopposing 44 && 66 GHzGHz U.S.U.S. ProposalProposal StatusStatus allocationsallocations •• Approved Approved U.S.U.S. proposalproposal toto •• CITEL CITEL supportingsupporting 5091-51505091-5150 allocateallocate 4400-49404400-4940 MHz,MHz, MHzMHz 5091-51505091-5150 MHz,MHz, 5925-67005925-6700 MHzMHz •• Support Support beingbeing soughtsought inin CITELCITEL

25 AIAI 1.12:1.12: ModifyModify AppendixAppendix 44 ofof thethe RRRR toto facilitatefacilitate advanceadvance publicationpublication andand notificationnotification ofof spacespace sciencescience systemssystems

NASANASA ObjectivesObjectives ForeignForeign ViewsViews •• MandatoryMandatory datadata elementselements atat •• CEPT CEPT supportingsupporting bothboth NASANASA advanceadvance publicationpublication forfor NGSONGSO objectivesobjectives notnot subjectsubject toto coordinationcoordination •• Syria Syria expressedexpressed concernconcern atat •• AllowAllow meansmeans toto properlyproperly SpecialSpecial CommitteeCommittee overover advanceadvance publishpublish andand notifynotify possiblepossible costcost impactimpact toto BRBR activeactive andand passivepassive sensorsensor •• Canada Canada generallygenerally supportssupports systemssystems inin RRRR’’ss mandatorymandatory datadata elementelement U.S.U.S. ProposalProposal StatusStatus proposalproposal •• U.S. U.S. proposalproposal onon mandatorymandatory datadata elementselements •• IRAC/RCS IRAC/RCS ProposalProposal forfor modsmods toto AppApp 44 (sensor(sensor filing)filing) awaitingawaiting reconciliationreconciliation

26 AIAI 1.17:1.17: ProtectionProtection ofof 1400-14271400-1427 MHzMHz passivepassive bandband fromfrom unwantedunwanted emissionsemissions fromfrom MSSMSS feederlinksfeederlinks inin thethe 1390-1390- 13921392 MHzMHz andand 1430-14321430-1432 MHzMHz bandsbands NASANASA ObjectivesObjectives ForeignForeign Views:Views: •• Protection Protection ofof thethe EESSEESS •• CITEL CITEL –– LikelyLikely IAPIAP fromfrom (passive)(passive) operationsoperations inin thethe US/CanadaUS/Canada 1400-14271400-1427 MHzMHz bandband •• CEPT CEPT –– DraftDraft ECPECP largelylargely agreesagrees withwith USUS proposalproposal USUS ProposalProposal Status:Status: •• APT APT –– SupportsSupports suppressionsuppression ofof MSSMSS feederlinkfeederlink allocationallocation •• US US ProposalProposal forfor suppressionsuppression ofof footnotefootnote allocationallocation toto MSSMSS •• ASMG ASMG –– UnknownUnknown feederlinksfeederlinks aroundaround 1400-14271400-1427 MHzMHz band;band; reconciledreconciled withwith similarsimilar CanadianCanadian proposalproposal atat CITELCITEL •• US US seekingseeking approvalapproval asas IAPIAP

27 AIAI 1.20:1.20: ProtectionProtection ofof EESSEESS (passive)(passive) fromfrom unwantedunwanted emissionsemissions ofof activeactive servicesservices inin selectselect bandsbands asas setset forthforth inin ResolutionResolution 738738 (WRC-03)(WRC-03) NASANASA ObjectivesObjectives ForeignForeign Views:Views: •• Protection Protection ofof thethe EESSEESS (passive)(passive) •• CITEL CITEL –– NoNo IAPIAP asas yetyet operationsoperations inin thethe 1400-14271400-1427 MHz,MHz, •• CEPT CEPT –– DraftDraft ECPECP supportssupports 23.6-2423.6-24 GHz,GHz, 31.3-31.531.3-31.5 GHz,GHz, 50.2-50.2- mandatorymandatory unwantedunwanted emissionemission 50.450.4 GHzGHz andand 52.6-54.2552.6-54.25 GHzGHz limitslimits acrossacross thethe boardboard bandsbands fromfrom unwantedunwanted emissionsemissions • APT – Supports protection of fromfrom activeactive servicesservices inin nearbynearby • APT – Supports protection of bands EESSEESS (passive)(passive) withoutwithout undueundue bands burdenburden USUS ProposalProposal Status:Status: •• ASMG ASMG –– KnownKnown toto opposeoppose •• In In reconciliationreconciliation atat PrincipalsPrincipals levellevel unwantedunwanted emissionemission limits,limits, •• RCS/IRAC RCS/IRAC proposal:proposal: proposesproposes aa particularlyparticularly onon thethe FSFS mixturemixture ofof NOCNOC inin somesome bandsbands andand mandatorymandatory unwantedunwanted emissionemission limitslimits inin otherother bandsbands basedbased onon ITU-RITU-R studies;studies; •• FCC/WAC: FCC/WAC: opposesopposes mandatorymandatory unwantedunwanted emissionemission limitslimits

28 FutureFuture ConferenceConference AI’sAI’s ofof InterestInterest (AI(AI 7.2)7.2) NASANASA SupportedSupported FutureFuture ConferenceConference TopicsTopics •• Space Space ResearchResearch ServiceService uplinkuplink allocationallocation inin 22.55-23.5522.55-23.55 GHzGHz toto supportsupport lunarlunar explorationexploration •• Consideration Consideration toto excludeexclude AeronauticalAeronautical MobileMobile fromfrom MobileMobile ServiceService allocationallocation inin 37-3837-38 GHzGHz toto protectprotect explorationexploration downlinksdownlinks •• Space Space OperationsOperations ServiceService allocationallocation belowbelow 33 GHzGHz toto supportsupport space-basedspace-based rangerange forfor launchlaunch supportsupport •• Modify Modify RRRR 5.5655.565 inin lieulieu ofof extendingextending allocationallocation tabletable beyondbeyond 275275 GHzGHz toto identifyidentify passivepassive sensingsensing usesuses inin 275-275- 30003000 GHzGHz U.S.U.S. ProposalProposal StatusStatus •• All All futurefuture conferenceconference agendaagenda proposalsproposals stillstill pendingpending inin U.S.U.S. WRCWRC prepprep processprocess

29 ITU-RITU-R SGSG 33 && PropagationPropagation •• Advanced Advanced CommunicationsCommunications TechnologyTechnology SatelliteSatellite (ACTS)(ACTS) –– FourFour yearsyears ofof propagationpropagation measurementsmeasurements atat 20.13520.135 GHzGHz andand 27.50527.505 GHzGHz inin sevenseven locationslocations –– CurrentlyCurrently “electrically“electrically inert”inert” •• Current Current attentionattention –– FacilitatingFacilitating U.S.U.S. preparationspreparations forfor ITU-RITU-R SGSG 33 •• Hosted Hosted WorkingWorking PartyParty meetingmeeting inin 20052005 •• http://www.USSG3.org http://www.USSG3.org –– ImprovingImproving thethe useuse ofof propagationpropagation modelsmodels requiredrequired forfor satellitesatellite coordinationcoordination && inteinterferencerference assessments:assessments: SeeSee ITU-RITU-R Rec.Rec. 452-12452-12 –– PlanningPlanning forfor thethe VisionVision forfor SpaceSpace ExplorationExploration

30 PopPop Quiz!Quiz! •• By By ITU-RITU-R definition,definition, areare thethe MarsMars RoversRovers ((ii..ee.,., SpiritSpirit && Opportunity)Opportunity) terrestrialterrestrial stationsstations ((RRRR 1.1621.162)) oror satellitessatellites ((RRRR 1.1791.179)?)? –– Neither. Neither. They’reThey’re spacecraft.spacecraft. ((RRRR 1.1781.178)) •• Is Is communicationcommunication withwith thethe moonmoon consideredconsidered deepdeep space?space? –– No. No. DistanceDistance toto thethe moonmoon == 384,402384,402 kmkm (<(< 22××101066 km)km) –– However, However, Mars:Mars: Yes.Yes. 6060 millionmillion toto 350350 millionmillion kmkm •• Is Is thethe space-basedspace-based HubbleHubble SpaceSpace TelescopeTelescope aa “radio“radio astronomy”astronomy” station?station? –– No. No. “Radio”“Radio” stopsstops atat 3,0003,000 GHz.GHz. HubbleHubble isis optical.optical. •• Who Who registeredregistered thethe Int’lInt’l SpaceSpace StationStation withwith thethe ITU-R?ITU-R? –– U.S.A. U.S.A. •• Where Where waswas thethe photophoto inin thethe slideslide backgroundbackground taken?taken? –– Endurance Endurance CraterCrater inin MeMeridianiridiani PlanumPlanum onon Mars.Mars. TakenTaken byby MarsMars RoverRover OpportunityOpportunity 31 32 PopPop QuizQuiz –– NameName thethe serviceservice

•• Space Space ShuttleShuttle communications?communications? –– Space Space researchresearch serviceservice •• Space-based Space-based passivepassive sensorssensors monitoringmonitoring atmosphericatmospheric waterwater vaporvapor atat 190190 GHz?GHz? –– Earth Earth exploration-satelliteexploration-satellite serviceservice ((passivepassive)) •• Communication Communication linkslinks relayingrelaying space-basedspace-based waterwater vaporvapor sensorsensor datadata toto Earth?Earth? –– Earth Earth exploration-satelliteexploration-satellite serviceservice •• Communication Communication linkslinks relayingrelaying HubbleHubble SpaceSpace TelescopeTelescope data?data? –– Space Space researchresearch serviceservice •• Mars Mars ReconnaissanceReconnaissance OrbiterOrbiter downlinkdownlink toto EarthEarth –– Space Space researchresearch ((deepdeep spacespace))

33 QuestionsQuestions

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