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GUIDE TO THE HALACHOT AND MINHAGIM OF YAMIM NORAIM DURING COVID-19

GUIDEWITH TO SPECIAL THE HALA INSTRUCTIONSCHOT AND MINHAGIM FOR THOSE OF DAVENING YAMIM NORAIM AT HOME DURING (IN GREY) COVID -19 WITH SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THOSE DAVENING AT HOME (IN GREY) By Rabbi Brahm Weinberg

By Rabbi Brahm Weinberg

GENERAL NOTE: EREV ROSH HASHANNA If you are davening without a minyan please try to daven at the same time as one of the minyanim taking place at KMS (times can be found Thursday Night, September 17th in this document or in the HH Schedule) ● Rabbi Weinberg’s Rosh Hashanna Drasha followed by High Holiday appeal will take place at 8:00pm on Zoom. ● Selichot 10:00pm as per above • We begin the recitation of Selichot Motzaei th September 12th. Friday Daytime, September 18 Selichot at KMS will take place at: ● at KMS at 7:00am o 11:00pm (Sanct and Tent) by registration only ● Hatarat Nedarim will take place after Minyan at KMS in the o 1:00am (Chatzot) (Tent) by registration only tent. • We will continue to recite Selichot each night leading up to For those davening without a minyan, we will have a Zoom Rosh Hashanna. Hatarat Nedarim at 8:00am (a beit din will of three people Nightly Selichot at KMS will take place from Sunday – properly masked and distanced will be set up at KMS to Thursday at: absolve all those on zoom of their nedarim). o 10:00pm (Tent) by registration only ● Men’s Mikva: Due to COVID concerns, men will not be able to • For those who are davening without a minyan, you may recite use the Wallerstein Mikva this year on Erev RH and Erev YK. Selichot. You should omit the sections of the 13 Midot (from In order to uphold the of going to this Mikva, this year Vayaavor Hashem Al Panav until Ulechatotenu) OR recite the one may rely on the pouring of 9 Kavin of water upon 13 Midot with the Torah Trope. You should also omit the themselves. The easiest way to do this is to stand directly Aramaic passages at the end. If you are watching a live under a shower at a constant flow (ie not changing the minyan on Zoom (or just listening on the phone) you may temperature or pressure) for about five minutes with your arms recite the 13 Midot along with them. loosely hanging by your side. (please note that this leniency would not apply to women who need to use the mikvah)

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FIRST DAY OF Shabbat/First Day RH Morning, September 19th Friday Night, September 18th ● Candle lighting should take place at 6:52pm. The berachot For those davening at a KMS Minyan Location: Shacharit will take recited are: place at 6:45am and 9:45am by registration. Davening will begin at so you should say Pesukai D’Zimra at home prior to coming שהחיינו and להדליק נר של שבת ושל יום טוב • at KMS Minyan Locations by registration will be at to Shul beginning with Brachot, Adon Olam/, and 6:55pm followed by LeDavid, Mizmor Shir etc….(omit Shir Hayichud & Aanim ). Those davening without a minyan should recite the weekday You should refrain from all conversations from that point until you Mincha and should do so before sundown 7:10pm. arrive at KMS and begin Nishmat. Men who wear a Talit should put it ● Notes About Maariv: on at home with a bracha before davening , then take it off for the walk to shul, then put it back on when arriving at מזמור is recited that begins with קבלת שבת o An abridged should be omitted. KMS (no new bracha needs to be recited upon putting it back on). For במה מדליקין .שיר ליום השבת are recited before the those davening at 9:45am please recite Kriat Shma at home תקעו בחדש שופר and ושמרו o Both . before you begin your tefilot since it is possible we will not make o Ma’ariv Amidah for Rosh Hashanah with proper it to Shma before Sof Zman. insertions for Shabbat. There are a number of Minyanim will be faster than usual in order to minimize the time that insertions into the Amidah that are recited throughout we are together and to enable multiple minyanim to occur back to Aseret Yemei Teshuva. back. Please see the Seder Hayom on p8 to familiarize yourself with o Those davening without a minyan may recite what will be said and what will be skipped. Vayechulu after the Amidah but should omit the

beracha “Magen Avot”) For those davening without a minyan: Broadly speaking, you may follow the Seder Hayom on p8, skip everything that says “skip” PLUS .and then לדוד מזמור ,o Recite omit Barchu, , Kedusha, Hineni, Repetition of the Amidah and ● At the meal, kiddush for Rosh Hashanah is recited with sections for taking out and returning the Torahs. Some speccifics: .יום הששי special insertions for Shabbat. Kiddush begins with are recited at the לדוד ה' אורי and שיר של יום The • Shehechiyanu is recited (by those who did not already recite it beginning of davening. at candlelighting). ● The traditional symbolic foods (simanim) are eaten (or at • Shir HaYichud and Shir HaKavod (Aanim Zemirot) are least placed on the table) on the first night together with their omitted when davening without a minyan. .These are eaten after Kiddush and • Shir HaMa’alot is recited after .יהי רצון respective We .(הכל יודוך) Hamotzi. Brachot should be recited upon these fruits. • Birchot Keriat Sh’ma for Shabbat ● Traditionally we do not eat sour foods or nuts and we dip the generally omit the piyyutim of Birchot Kriat Shma even challah in honey in shul but one can say Or Olam right after the first ● should include the insertions for Shabbat and bracha and Vehachayot Yeshoreru (see chart for Rosh Hashanah. pages) ● Keriat Sh’ma should be repeated after 7:50pm. 2

• Shacharit Amidah with proper insertions for Shabbat. For those davening without a minyan Mincha should be recited Repetition of the Amidah is omitted. Those who are before shekiyah (sunset) which is at 7:09pm and Maariv davening without a minyan are encouraged to study should be recited after nightfall 7:49pm and recite the piyutim that are added to Chazarat ● Preparations for the second day may not begin until nightfall HaShatz especially Ata Hu Elokenu, Hashem Melech, (7:49pm) L’Kel Orech Din (see chart for pages). ● Candle lighting must be performed AFTER 7:49pm • Avinu Malkenu is omitted due to Shabbat ● Kiddush for Rosh Hashanah includes Boreh Meorei Ha’Eish, You can hold your hands .(יקנה"ז) You may read the to yourself. The Torah and Shehechiyanu • reading for the first day is Bereishit 21:1-34, the maftir up to the Yom Tov candles during the bracha of Meorei is Bamidbar 29:1-6 and the is from Shmuel I Ha’Eish. There is no need to hold the candles together to 1:1-2:10. No Brachot should be recited. make a multi-wick flame. • The is not blown on Shabbat. ● A new fruit should be placed on the table before Kiddush and • Amidah for Rosh Hashanah with proper is eaten after Kiddush and before Hamotzi (a bracha should be insertions for Shabbat. Hineni is omitted. Repetition of recited on this fruit). If one does not have a new fruit or new the Amidah is omitted. Those who are davening clothing, one may still recite Shehechiyanu. without a minyan are encouraged to study and recite the piyutim that are added to Chazaras HaShatz, SECOND DAY ROSH HASHANNA particularly Melech Elyon, Unetane Tokef, and Vechol Sunday/Second Day RH Morning, September 20th Maaminim (see Seder Hayom for pages). For those davening at a KMS Minyan Location: Shacharit will take place at 6:45am and 9:45am by registration. Davening will begin at Nishmat so you should say Pesukai D’Zimra at home prior to coming Shabbat Afternoon/Evening , September 19th to Shul beginning with Brachot, Adon Olam/Yigdal, Shir Shel Yom and • Tashlich is pushed off until the second day of Rosh Hashanna LeDavid, Mizmor Shir etc….(omit Shir Hayichud & Aanim Zemirot). due to Shabbat You should refrain from all conversations from that point until you • should ideally be eaten before the tenth hour arrive at KMS and begin Nishmat. Men who wear a Talit should put it Approx 5:00pm. If one did not do so, one may eat Seudah on at home with a bracha before davening Pesukei Dezimra, then Shlishit until sunset (7:09pm). take it off for the walk to shul, then put it back on when arriving at • Mincha at the KMS Minyan Locations by registration will be at KMS (no new bracha needs to be recited upon putting it back on). For 6:40pm followed by Maariv. Mincha Amidah for Rosh those davening at 9:45am please recite Kriat Shma at home Hashanah with the proper insertions for Shabbat. Avinu before you begin your tefilot since it is possible we will not make Malkenu is omitted due to Shabbat. Ma’ariv for Rosh it to Shma before Sof Zman. Minyanim will be faster than usual in order to minimize the time that we are together and to enable multiple לדוד ,and concludes with Psalm 91 ותודיענו Hashanah includes and then Aleinu just as previous night. minyanim to occur back to back. Please see the Seder Hayom on p.9 מזמור to familiarize yourself with what will be said and what will be skipped.

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For those davening without a minyan: Broadly speaking, you may o Repetition of the Amidah is omitted. follow the Seder Hayom on p9, skip everything that says “skip” PLUS People are encouraged to study and omit Barchu, Kaddish, Kedusha, Hineni, Repetition of the Amidah and recite the piyutim are usually said sections for taking out and returning the Torahs. during Chazarat HaShatz, particularly Some Specifics: L’Kel Orech Din, Unetane Tokef and (are Vechol Maaminim (see chart for pages לדוד ה' אורי and שיר של יום On Rosh Hashanah, the • recited at the beginning of davening. Shir HaYichud o Eyn K’elokeinu and Aleinu and Shir HaKavod (Aanim Zemirot) are omitted when davening without a minyan. • Shir HaMa’alot is recited after Yishtabach. SHOFAR AT HOME: We If someone davening at home can blow shofar on their own or .(המאיר לארץ) Birchot Keriat Sh’ma for weekday • generally omit the piyyutim of Birchot Kriat Shma even someone in their home will be doing so, they may say Lamnatzeach in shul but one can say Or Olam right after the first 7x and all the pesukim beforehand and then recite the two brachot bracha and Vehachayot Yeshoreru (see chart for and blow. pages). • Shacharit Amidah for Rosh Hashanah. Repetition of They should blow the first thirty sounds before Mussaf. The the Amidah is omitted. Those who are davening second thirty sounds should not be blown during the silent Amidah. without a minyan are encouraged to study and recite the piyutim that are added to Chazarat HaShatz One may blow 70 additional sounds after the Amidah, but there is no especially Ata Hu Elokienu, Melech Elyon, Hashem requirement to do so. If you will be hearing shofar later in the day then Melech (see chart for pages). when you are davening you can go straight to Mussaf after you read • Avinu Malkenu the Haftarah to yourself. • You may read the Torah reading to yourself. The Torah reading for the second day is Bereishit 22:1-22:24, the If someone else is blowing on behalf of others: maftir is Bamidbar 29:1-6 and the Haftarah is from o If the ba’al toke’a (shofar blower) already fulfilled his mitzvah, should ideally be (שהחיינו and לשמוע קול שופר)Yirmiyahu 31:1- 31:19. No brachot should be recited. the berachot • Shofar (see below) recited by one of the listeners. o Mussaf Amidah for Rosh Hashanah o If the listeners are spread out across a large area, each o Even though normally Mussaf may not person can recite his/her own beracha. o be recited by an individual (not in a Only 30 sounds are blown. minyan) before the third hour of the day, since there are minyanim in town taking place at that time it is permissible to do so this year. o Hineni is omitted. 4

Sunday Afternoon/Evening, September 20th ● Drasha and Yizkor: Rabbi Weinberg’s YK Drasha followed by o Mincha at KMS Minyan Locations at 5:30pm Yizkor on ZOOM at 12:00pm (Please note – we will NOT be For those davening without a minyan the Mincha Amidah for reciting Yizkor at KMS on YK itself so please attend this Zoom Rosh Hashanah should be recited before shekiyah (sunset) Yizkor) which is at 7:08pm ● Mincha at KMS at 3:30pm and 4:30pm o Tashlich is recited on Rosh Hashanah afternoon next to a We include Vidui (which can be found in the body of water. ONE MUST BE EXTREMELY CAREFUL NOT ) at the end of the Amidah. We omit Avinu Malkenu TO GATHER WITH OTHERS THIS YEAR DURING and TASHLICH. If Tashlich cannot be performed with absolute ● Men’s Mikva: Due to COVID concerns, men will not be able to proper social distancing measures, one should not go on Rosh use the Wallerstein Mikva this year on Erev RH and Erev YK. Hashana at all, but simply recite it any time until Yom Kippur. If In order to uphold the minhag of going to this Mikva, this year it was not done before Yom Kippur, there is still some benefit one may rely on the pouring of 9 Kavin of water upon in reciting it until Hoshana Rabba. themselves. The easiest way to do this is to stand directly o Havdallah and Yom Tov Ends at 7:48pm under a shower at a constant flow (ie not changing the o Maariv at KMS Minyan Locations at 8:00pm (to allow people temperature or pressure) for about five minutes with your arms to drive back to shul) loosely hanging by your side. (please note that this leniency For those davening without a minyan Maariv may be recited at would not apply to women who need to use the mikvah) 7:48pm ● The seudah hamfseket (pre-fast meal) should be eaten after Mincha and must be completed by the start of the fast which is Remember to add in all of the proper insertions for Aseret 6:38pm Yemey Teshuva. If you forget one of the four inserted phrases ● It is customary to bless one’s children prior to Yom Kippur. The do not repeat the Amidah. If you forget Hamelech Hamishpat text can be found in the Machzor. do not repeat the Amidah. If you forget Hamelech Hakadosh you must return to the beginning of the Amidah. Remember to ● Those who normally wear a and/or kittel should do so add Ata Chonantanu in the Amidah and continue to say when davening at home. The beracha on the tallis should be Ledavid Ori after Aleinu. recited before accepting Yom Kippur. ● Havdalah consists of two berachot: HaGafen and HaMavdil ● Those who recite Yizkor light a candle before Yom Kippur. (no besamim or eish). Even those who don’t recite Yizkor should have a 25-hour candle lit in their home so it can be used for Havdalah.

YOM KIPPUR Yom Kippur Night, September 27th Erev Yom Kippur, September 27th ● Candle lighting should take place before 6:38pm. The ● Selichot followed by Full Shacharit (From Birchot beracha is שהחיינו and להדליק נר של יום הכפורים .(HaShachar) at KMS at 7:45am and 9:00am (Youth Remember that we omit Mizmor LeTodah, Avinu Malkenu, ● There is a mitzvah of Tosefet Yom Kippur which means that Tachanun and Lamenatzeach one should accept Yom Kippur and observe all of the 5

prohibitions of Yom Kippur prior to sundown. As such, even Some Specifics: those who don’t light candles should accept Yom Kippur at General candle lighting which is at 6:38pm In each of the five tefillot (Ma’ariv, Shacharit, Musaf, Mincha ● It is customary to recite Tefillah Zakah (found in the Machzor) and Neilah), Selichot are recited after the Silent Amidah. At as a means of accepting Yom Kippur. Ma’ariv, it is a standalone Selichot and in the daytime, they are ● Kol Nidrei and Maariv will take place at KMS Minyan part of the Repetition of the Amidah. Locations at 6:45pm o The Selichot may be recited, omitting the paragraphs For those davening without a minyan see instructions below at Maariv and at Neila containing the Thirteen or saying them with the) (ה' ה' א -ל רחום וחנון) Attributes YK Morning, September 28th Torah Trope as explained above). See the chart below with pages for these selichot. For those davening at a KMS Minyan Location: Shacharit will take o It is particularly important to recite the Vidui sections of place at 6:30am and 10:00am by registration. Davening will begin at these Selichot at all five of the tefillot to complete the Nishmat so you should say Pesukai D’Zimra at home prior to coming traditional 10 recitations over the course of Yom Kippur to Shul beginning with Brachot, Adon Olam/Yigdal, Shir Shel Yom and (5 in the silent amidah and 5 in the selichot that follow) LeDavid, Mizmor Shir etc…(omit Shir Hayichud & Aanim Zemirot). o In each of the tefillot the Repetition of the Amidah is You should refrain from all conversations from that point until you omitted. People are encouraged to study and recite arrive at KMS and begin Nishmat. Men who wear a Talit should put it the piyutim that are usually said (see chart for pages). on at home with a bracha before davening Pesukei Dezimra, then These piyutim, together with their accompanying tunes take it off for the walk to shul, then put it back on when arriving at may be recited when davening without a minyan KMS (no new bracha needs to be recited upon putting it back on). For Singing them or reciting them can greatly enhance those davening at 10:00am please recite Kriat Shma at home one’s Yom Kippur davening. before you begin your tefilot since we will NOT make it to Shma before Sof Zman. Minyanim will be faster than usual in order to Yom Kippur Night minimize the time that we are together and to enable multiple o Kol Nidrei should not be recited. minyanim to occur back to back. Please see the Seder Hayom on o Shehechiyanu (traditionally recited at the end of Kol p10 to familiarize yourself with what will be said and what will be Nidre) should be recited before Ma’ariv (unless you skipped. already said it at candlelighting) o Ma’ariv for Yom Kippur with Vidui. For those davening without a minyan: Broadly speaking you should o Selichot may be recited (see general instructions follow the Seder Hayom on p10, skip everything that says “skip” PLUS above). omit Barchu, Kaddish, Kedusha, 13 Midot in Selichot, Hineni, o Ma’ariv concludes with , L’David Repetition of the Amidah and sections for taking out and returning the Mizmor, Aleinu, L’David HaShem Ori and Adon Olam. Torahs. o If Keriat Shma was recited before nightfall 7:36pm, it should be repeated after nightfall. 6

Yom Kippur Day: Shacharit Yom Kippur Day are Neilah לדוד ה' אורי and שיר של יום o On Yom Kippur, the recited at the beginning of davening. Shir HaYichud ○ Neilah must begin after plag hamincha 5:40pm and and Shir HaKavod are omitted when davening without before shekiyah 6:54pm. a minyan. ○ Neilah begins with , U’Va L’Tzion followed by the o Shir HaMa’alot is recited after Yishtabach. Amidah. Please note the change in text of some of the insertions for Neilah and the special text of vidui for .(המאיר לארץ) o Birchot Keriat Sh’ma for weekday o Shacharit Amidah for Yom Kippur with Vidui. Neilah. o Selichot, Vidui and piyutim from Chazarat HaShatz ○ Selichot, vidui and piyutim from Chazarat HaShatz may may be recited after the silent Amidah (see general be recited after the silent Amidah (see general instructions above). instructions above). o Avinu Malkeinu is recited at the conclusion of ○ Neilah concludes with a special Avinu Malkeinu Shacharit. followed by Sh’ma, Baruch Shem Kevod and HaShem o The Torah reading is Vayikra 16:1-34, the maftir is Hu HaElokim all of which may be said even without a Bamidbar 29:7-11 and the haftarah is Yeshaya 57:14- minyan. 58:14. ○ If one can blow shofar, the shofar should be blown after o Yizkor can be recited without a minyan. One should 7:35pm. If one cannot blow shofar, it is not required. make sure to pledge money to before reciting Yizkor.Av HaRachamim should be recited (even if one Motzaei Yom Kippur does not recite Yizkor) followed by Ashrei. ○ The fast ends at 7:35pm

Yom Kippur Day: Mussaf ○ Weekday Amidah should be recited including Atah ○ Mussaf Amidah for Yom Kippur with vidui. Chonantanu. ○ Selichot, vidui and piyutim from Chazarat HaShatz may ○ Havdalah consists of three berachot: HaGafen, HaEsh be recited after the silent Amidah (see general and HaMavdil (no besamim). The beracha on fire can instructions above). One should make an effort to recite only be recited on a candle that was burning the entire A special 25hr candle should) .(נר ששבת) Yom Kippur .ונתנה תוקף Yom Kippur Day: Mincha be lit before YK for this purpose. See instructions ○ Mincha should be recited sometime after Mincha abov. You may either just use the single yahrzeit Gedolah (1:29pm) and leaving enough time to start candle for havdallah or you may light a regular Neilah before shekiyah (sunset) which is at 6:54pm. havdallah candle from the yahrzeit candle and then ○ The Torah reading for Mincha is Vayikra 18:1-28 and hold up BOTH when saying havdallah). If one does not the haftarah is Sefer Yonah. No brachot are recited. have such a candle, this beracha is omitted ○ Mincha Amidah for Yom Kippur with vidui. Mincha ○ is recited on Motzaei Yom Kippur. concludes with Avinu Malkeinu. 7

SEDER HAYOM RH/YK 5781

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