Technische Universität Bergakdemie Freiberg
Soil- and Water Conservation Unit
Modeling phosphorous transport into surface water bodies on regional and catchment scale – A prestudy for Saxony –
Marcus Schindewolf & Jürgen Schmidt TU Bergakademie Freiberg
Marcus Schindewolf Agricolastra ße 22 I 09596 Freiberg Tel. 0 37 31/39 -2679 I Fax 0 37 31/39 -2502 I I www.tu -freiberg.de 1 Goal
Estimating the yields of sediment bound nutrients into surface waters in the scope of EU-WFD Including: Identification of the main areas of sediment production Localization of the point at which sediments are delivered to streams and reservoirs
Need for process based simulation !
This pre-study should test the feasibility and efficiency of an automatic parameterization and a model application for the regional scale (18.500 km²)
2 Phenomena
Concentrated runoff and passover of sediments into a creek near Waldheim/Saxony during heavy rainstorm Sept. 2008
Initial situation
3 Study Area
Federal state of Saxony location: East Germany area: 18.500 km² topography: 100-1200m a. s. l. mean annual rainfall: 550-1100mm 60% of the farmlands are endangerd by erosion
4 EROSION 3D
Overall model characteristics:
• event based • extensively validated • raster oriented • modular structured • GIS compatible
Model structure:
Infiltration-/ Overland flow model Erosion model (Green & Ampt approach) (Momentum flux approach)
Rainfall Detachment Transport
Infiltration Deposition
Overland flow Sediment yield 5 Parametrization tool DPROC
Overall characteristics:
• Parameterization tool for the generation of EROSION 3D input data files • interactive catchment selection • continous representation of temporal dynamic parameters • interactive combination of soil and land use information
Geo-Base-Data
SoilSoil DBDBDBDBDBDB
6 Regional data base for Saxony
Catchments
Saale 1 Saale 2 Weiße Elster Eger Zwickauer Mulde Freiberger Mulde Elbe Schwarze Elster Spree Lausitzer Neiße Polzen
7 Regional data base for Saxony
Soil texture Soil type according KA5 Ss Su2 Sl2 Su3 Slu Sl3 Sl4 Ls2 Ls3 Ls4 Ts3 Ts4 Us Ut2 Ut3 Uls Ut4 Lt3 Tl
8 Regional data base for Saxony
Land use
9 Regional data base for Saxony
Crop type 2006 Beans Peas Forest Wood stripes Meadow Oat Corn Carrot Rape Beet Ruderal vegetation Sommer barley Sommer wheat Potatos Winter barley Winter rye Winter wheat Sealed area Water
10 Regional data base for Saxony
Soil management 2006
Conservation tillage
11 Data base queries
Geo -Base - Data Model specific parameters
Depending Grain size Initial soil Corg- Bulk Resistance Soil Roughness Skinfactor on distribution moisture Content density to eroision cover
Landuse
Crop
Management Soil texture
Date
12 Data base queries
Geo -Base - Data Model specific parameters
Depending Grain size Initial soil Corg- Bulk Resistance Soil Roughness Skinfactor on distribution moisture Content density to eroision cover
Landuse XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX
Crop XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX
Management XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX
Soil texture XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX
Date XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX
Elementary units
13 Modeling input data
Rainfall data referring to 10 years storm event
2 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 2 0 1.8 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 1.6 1.8 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.4 1 1.2 0.8 1 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.4 0 0.2 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1.8 2 1.6 1.8 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.4 1 1.2 0.8 1 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.4 0 Rainfall zone 0.2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 1 2
1.8 3 1.6 2 1.4 1.8 1.2 1.6 1.4 4 1 1.2 0.8 1 0.6 0.8 0.4 5 0.6 0.2 0.4 0 0.2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 0 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 12 1314 1516 17 1819 2021 22 23 7 8
14 Modeling input data
Relief data
Height a. sl [m] 60
1220
15 Parameterization
sandy soils (g lacial de eposits)
silty soils (loess belt)
ins) unta EROSION Mo Ore 3D ils ( y so loam Worst-Case-Scenario landuse: farmland = seedbed conditions initial soil moisture = field capacity managment type = conventional tillage rainfall = 10 years event 16 P - Calculation
Pour points
17 P - Calculation
Phosphorus Content
18 P - Calculation
Weigert (2007) F = Lsa * csa + Lsi * csi + Lcl * ccl
F total P-amount [kg]
L amount of sand ( sa ), silt ( si ) and clay ( cl ) [kg] c P-concentration in the sand, silt and clay fraction [kg/t]
General assumption c = 2* c cl csa = c-csi *U-Ccl *c csi = c sa
C P-concentration [g/t] sa,si,cl percentage sand, silt, clay
19 Results
Phosphorus losses
highhighhigh soilsoilsoillossloss loss
nnnttt nnnttteee ccooo PPP---c oooiiilll hhh sss iiiggg Real-State hhh landuse: real crops (2006) initial soil moisture: normal (PKS 1996) managment type: real management (2006) rainfall: 10 years event 20 Results
Phosphorus losses and inputs of the Saidenbach reservoir catchment (60 km²)
<0.25 0.25 - 0.75 0.5 - 0.75 0.75 - 1.0 1.00 - 1.25 <1.25
21 Validation
P-input [kg] P loss [g/ha] Method Source 5370 per event 895 per event Modelling Schindewolf uncalibrated 1400 perper yearyear 230 per year Measurement Pütz (2003) 420* 69* 1996-2003 196 per year Measurement Reichelt et al. (2007) (Subcatchment) 2001-2005 600-1200 per year 100-200 per year Estimation Ackermann (2005) 200-400* 30-60* 740 per year 120 per year Modelling Gebel et al. (2009) STOFFBILANZ
* 30% of agricultural influence of the total input Differences caused by: - diverse time scale (single event vs. annual consideration) - lack of data - measuring uncertanties 22 Conclusion
P-inputs simulation into surface water bodies with the combined method provides reasonable results
The parameterization of landuse and management scenarios is relatively easy
The fast identification of endangered catchments, subcatchments and stream sections can be used as a basis for implementing protection measures
23 Outlook
Varifying the P-attachment to the different particle fractions
Application of a typical crop rotation for a reference year providing mean annual P-losses and inputs
Calculating of P-losses for smaller catchments
Validation of soil mean phosphorus contents and simulation results in test catchments 24 Thank you for attention!
Acknowledgements: The pre-project was funded by the Saxonian State Institute of Agriculture
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