Xianfeng Chen, Qi Guo, Weilong She, Heping Zeng, Guoquan Zhang Advances in Nonlinear Optics Advances in Optical Physics

| Editor-in-Chief Jie Zhang Volume 3 Xianfeng Chen, Qi Guo, Weilong She, Heping Zeng, Guoquan Zhang Advances in Nonlinear Optics

| Edited by Xianfeng Chen Physics and Astronomy Classification Scheme 2010 42.65.-k, 42.65.Re, 42.65.Tg, 42.25.Ja, 78.20.Jq, 42.25.Lc

Editor Prof. Xianfeng Chen Department of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan RD 200240, Minhang District Shanghai China

ISBN 978-3-11-030430-5 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-030449-7 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-038282-2 Set-ISBN 978-3-11-030450-3

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress.

Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de.

© 2015 Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press and Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Munich/Boston Cover image: Ellende/iStock/Thinkstock Typesetting: le-tex publishing services GmbH, Leipzig Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck ♾ Printed on acid-free paper Printed in Germany www.degruyter.com The series: Advances in Optical Physics

Professor Jie Zhang, Editor-in-chief, works on laser- plasma physics and has made significant con- tributions to development of soft X-ray lasers, generation and propagation of hot electrons in laser-plasmas in connection with inertial confine- ment fusion (ICF), and reproduction of some ex- treme astrophysical processes with laser-plasmas. By clever design to enhance pumping efficiency, he and his collaborators first demonstrated satura- tion of soft-X-ray laser output at wavelengths close tothewaterwindow.Hediscoveredthroughtheory and experiments that highly directional, control- lable, fast electron beams can be generated from intense laser plasmas. Understanding of how fast electrons are generated and propa- gated in laser plasmas and how the resulting electron beams emit from a target surface and carry away laser excitation energy is critical for understanding of the fast-ignition process in ICF. Zhang is one of the pioneers on simulating astrophysical processes by laser-plasmas in labs. He and his collaborators used high-energy laser pulses to suc- cessfully create conditions resembling the vicinity of the black hole and model the loop-top X-ray source and reconnection overflow in solar flares. Because of his academic achievements and professional services, Professor Zhang received Honorary Doctors of Science from City University of Hong Kong (2009), Queen’s University of Belfast (2010), University of Montreal (2011) and University of Rochester (2013). He was elected member of CAS in 2003, member of German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina in 2007,fellow of the Third World Academy of Sciences (TWAS) in 2008, foreign member of Royal Academy of Engineering (FREng) of the UK in 2011 and foreign Associate of US National Academy of Sciences (NAS) in 2012. He is the President of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and also a strong advocate and practi- tioner of higher education in China.