DOCSLIB.ORG

Historical Background of Wang Yang-Ming's Philosophy of Mind

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Historical Background of Wang Yang-Ming's Philosophy of Mind Ping Dong Historical Background of Wang Yang-ming’s Philosophy of Mind From the Perspective of his Life Story Historical Background of Wang Yang-ming’s Philosophy of Mind Ping Dong Historical Background of Wang Yang-ming’s Philosophy of Mind From the Perspective of his Life Story Ping Dong Zhejiang University Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China Translated by Xiaolu Wang Liang Cai School of International Studies School of Foreign Language Studies Zhejiang University Ningbo Institute of Technology Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China Zhejiang University Ningbo, Zhejiang, China ISBN 978-981-15-3035-7 ISBN 978-981-15-3036-4 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3036-4 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2020. This book is an open access publication. Open Access This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc- nd/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this license to share adapted material derived from this book or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this book are included in the book’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the book’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. This work is subject to copyright. All commercial rights are reserved by the author(s), whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Regarding these commercial rights a non-exclusive license has been granted to the publisher. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publi- cation does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore Preface The book, Historical Background for Wang Yang-ming’s Philosophy of Mind: From the Perspective of His Up-and-down Life Experience, was adapted from my lectures of Legendary Life of Wang Yang-ming in “Lecture Room1” of China Central Television (CCTV). Wang Yang-ming’s deeds can be found not only in the official historical records, but also in his disciples’ biographies and memoirs, and folklore in the unofficial history as well. My lectures were generally based on various official histories, Wang Yang-ming’s own writings, and his disciples’ records. With these materials as my sources, I hope that I can let people understand this ancient sage, Wang Yang-ming. He not only diligently pursued his objective of being a sage in life, but also persistently sought the ideal state of a sage in ideology. Surely, in view of this point, it is more important for us to understand his ideological state and appreciate his personality in order to have a more meaningful life for ourselves. Wang Yang-ming’s ideology was severely criticized in the past, for it was regarded as “subjective idealism.” However, he actually did not deny objective existence. In his opinion, before objectivity enters into people’s mental world, it remains in a state of “stillness,” which is impossible for people to clearly understand and get hold of. Therefore, he put much more emphasis on this point that the objective existence of the real world can be brought into our subjective world only through people’s own practical activities, and only in this way objective things can be truly understood and thus their existence can be of real meaning to us. This point of view is not equal to “subjective idealism.” With respect to his theory of “The Oneness of Knowing and Doing,” neither can we have any one-sided understanding, nor can we take “Knowing” as “Doing.” Actually, what Mr. Yang wanted to tell us was that the understanding of anything cannot just stay at the level of “Knowing,” but we must put the “Knowing” into use in real life. Only by putting the “Knowing” into practice through “Doing,” the “Knowing” is truly reliable and effective. In real life, “Doing” is always more important than simply “Knowing.” He proposed “The Theory of Original Knowledge” in an attempt to arouse every one of us to truly be aware of the 1A Chinese television program hosted by China Central Television (CCTV), in which scholars from various disciplines are invited to provide lectures. v vi Preface existence of our “Original Mind,” and to realize that our “Original Mind” is good, pure, and noble. Therefore, in order to be in line with our “Original Mind,” we should do moral things and live a moral life. Because of this, reverence for one’s own “Original Knowledge,” and reverence for one’s own “Original Mind” become everyone’s bounden duty and the ultimate goal of moral cultivation. Frankly speaking, we should not have reverence for nothing, but must for something in our life. We should at least have enough reverence for our own “Original Knowledge,” because this kind of reverence is indeed respect for the value of our own lives, and respect for others’ lives as well. While I was delivering Legendary Life of Wang Yang-ming in “Lecture Room” of CCTV, I got a lot of selfless help from the colleagues of the CCTV column group. Special thanks go to my friends Nie Cong-cong, Yu Hong, Wang Shan, and Meng Qing-ji, who put forward many suggestions for improvement in view of my lecture manuscripts, especially for their detailed and specific guidance in terms of the narrating methods. Without their help, I am afraid that I cannot finish these lectures. Sincere thanks to all of them! In terms of the publication of the book with the same title Legendary Life of Wang Yang-ming in Chinese, I would like to show my thanks to Cai Chang-hong, the Executive Editor, and his colleagues from the Commercial Press. They did not show any single bit of “laziness” in spite of tight time. It is very impressive for their responsible spirits in the editing process. I am surely responsible for all the mistakes made in the description of the events if they are not in keeping with the historical records, or correctly expressed. Readers are also welcome to criticize and correct the mistakes if they find any. Hangzhou, China Ping Dong November 2010 (Translated by Hu Hai-peng) Acknowledgements I am indebted to many people who have helped me make a reality the English version of my book Historical Background for Wang Yang-ming’s Philosophy of Mind: From the Perspective of His Up-and-down Life Experience. First of all, I would like to thank Professor Wang Xiaolu and Professor Cai Liang, together with team members at Zhejiang University, Ningbo Institute of Technology for their unfailing support of this translation project. In the past few years, they have mobilized all kinds of resources available to keep the endeavor going. Their academic passion and effective coordination means so much to me. I would like to thank the faculty members of the School of Foreign Language Studies, Zhejiang University, Ningbo Institute of Technology, who volunteered to participate in the project. Without their active engagement and unremitting efforts, the translation of my book would be impossible. I am grateful to many scholars and experts for taking the time out of their busy schedule to proofread the English drafts and make insightful suggestions. I am also grateful to Terence Noel for his meticulous revision of the whole book. Last but not least, many thanks go to the editing team for their professional work. Without all this, I could not have possibly gone so far. vii Contents 1 Experiencing “Gewu Zhizhi” .............................. 1 1.1 An Amazing Child ................................... 1 1.2 An Extraordinary Youth ............................... 11 2 Learning “Saint Theory” ................................. 19 2.1 A Maverick ........................................ 19 2.2 Risking His Life to Petition the Authorities ................. 24 2.3 A Narrow Escape .................................... 32 3 Proposing His “Philosophy of Mind” ........................ 43 3.1 The Enlightenment in Longchang ........................ 43 3.2 The Oneness of Knowing and Doing ...................... 50 4 Practicing His Military Thoughts ........................... 61 4.1 Mission Entrusted in Political Crisis ...................... 61 4.2 Moving to Fight in Jiangxi ............................. 70 4.3 Taking Litou by Strategy .............................. 79 4.4 Suppressing Zhu Chen-Hao’s Rebellion Alone ............... 86 4.5 Capturing Zhu Chen-Hao Alive .......................... 94 5 Pushing His Idea of Governance ...........................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Shang Dynasty
    misterfengshui.com 風水先生 History of China ANCIENT 3 Sovereigns and 5 Emperors Xia Dynasty 2100–1600 BC Shang Dynasty 1600–1046 BC Zhou Dynasty 1122–256 BC Western Zhou Eastern Zhou Spring and Autumn Period Warring States Period IMPERIAL Qin Dynasty 221 BC–206 BC Han Dynasty 206 BC–220 AD Western Han Xin Dynasty Eastern Han Three Kingdoms 220–280 Wei, Shu & Wu Jin Dynasty 265–420 Western Jin 16 Kingdoms Eastern Jin 304–439 Southern & Northern Dynasties 420–589 Sui Dynasty 581–618 Tang Dynasty 618–907 ( Second Zhou 690–705 ) 5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms 907–960 Liao Dynasty 907–1125 Song Dynasty 960–1279 Northern Song Xi Xia Southern Song Jin Yuan Dynasty 1271–1368 Ming Dynasty 1368–1644 Qing Dynasty 1644–1911 MODERN Republic of China 1912–1949 People's Republic of China (Mainland China) 1949–present Republic of China (Taiwan) 1945-present from Wilkipedia [email protected] Fax: 852-2873-6859 misterfengshui.com 風水先生 Timeline of Chinese History The recorded history of China began in the 15th century BC when the Shang Dynasty started to use markings that evolved into the present Chinese characters. Turtle shells with markings reminiscent of ancient Chinese writing from the Shang Dynasty have been carbon dated to as early as 1500 BC.[1] Chinese civilization originated with city-states in the Yellow River (Huang He) valley. 221 BC is commonly accepted to be the year in which China became unified under a large kingdom or empire. In that year, Qin Shi Huang first united China. Successive dynasties in Chinese history developed bureaucratic systems that enabled the Emperor of China to control increasingly larger territory that reached maximum under the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty and Manchurian Qing Dynasty.
    [Show full text]
  • Hwang, Yin (2014) Victory Pictures in a Time of Defeat: Depicting War in the Print and Visual Culture of Late Qing China 1884 ‐ 1901
    Hwang, Yin (2014) Victory pictures in a time of defeat: depicting war in the print and visual culture of late Qing China 1884 ‐ 1901. PhD Thesis. SOAS, University of London http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/18449 Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non‐commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this thesis, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", name of the School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination. VICTORY PICTURES IN A TIME OF DEFEAT Depicting War in the Print and Visual Culture of Late Qing China 1884-1901 Yin Hwang Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the History of Art 2014 Department of the History of Art and Archaeology School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London 2 Declaration for PhD thesis I have read and understood regulation 17.9 of the Regulations for students of the School of Oriental and African Studies concerning plagiarism. I undertake that all the material presented for examination is my own work and has not been written for me, in whole or in part, by any other person.
    [Show full text]
  • Kūnqǔ in Practice: a Case Study
    KŪNQǓ IN PRACTICE: A CASE STUDY A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI‘I AT MĀNOA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN THEATRE OCTOBER 2019 By Ju-Hua Wei Dissertation Committee: Elizabeth A. Wichmann-Walczak, Chairperson Lurana Donnels O’Malley Kirstin A. Pauka Cathryn H. Clayton Shana J. Brown Keywords: kunqu, kunju, opera, performance, text, music, creation, practice, Wei Liangfu © 2019, Ju-Hua Wei ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to express my gratitude to the individuals who helped me in completion of my dissertation and on my journey of exploring the world of theatre and music: Shén Fúqìng 沈福庆 (1933-2013), for being a thoughtful teacher and a father figure. He taught me the spirit of jīngjù and demonstrated the ultimate fine art of jīngjù music and singing. He was an inspiration to all of us who learned from him. And to his spouse, Zhāng Qìnglán 张庆兰, for her motherly love during my jīngjù research in Nánjīng 南京. Sūn Jiàn’ān 孙建安, for being a great mentor to me, bringing me along on all occasions, introducing me to the production team which initiated the project for my dissertation, attending the kūnqǔ performances in which he was involved, meeting his kūnqǔ expert friends, listening to his music lessons, and more; anything which he thought might benefit my understanding of all aspects of kūnqǔ. I am grateful for all his support and his profound knowledge of kūnqǔ music composition. Wichmann-Walczak, Elizabeth, for her years of endeavor producing jīngjù productions in the US.
    [Show full text]
  • ENGINEERING the Official Journal of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and Higher Education Press
    ENGINEERING The official journal of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and Higher Education Press AUTHOR INFORMATION PACK TABLE OF CONTENTS XXX . • Description p.1 • Impact Factor p.2 • Abstracting and Indexing p.2 • Editorial Board p.2 • Guide for Authors p.12 ISSN: 2095-8099 DESCRIPTION . Engineering is an international open-access journal that was launched by the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) in 2015. Its aims are to provide a high-level platform where cutting- edge advancements in engineering R&D, current major research outputs, and key achievements can be disseminated and shared; to report progress in engineering science, discuss hot topics, areas of interest, challenges, and prospects in engineering development, and consider human and environmental well-being and ethics in engineering; to encourage engineering breakthroughs and innovations that are of profound economic and social importance, enabling them to reach advanced international standards and to become a new productive force, and thereby changing the world, benefiting humanity, and creating a new future. We are interested in: (1) News & Hightlights— This section covers engineering news from a global perspective and includes updates on engineering issues of high concern; (2) Views & Comments— This section is aimed at raising academic debates in scientific and engineering community, encouraging people to express new ideas, and providing a platform for the comments on some comprehensive issues; (3) Research— This section reports on outstanding research results in the form of research articles, reviews, perspectives, and short communications regarding critical engineering issues, and so on. All manuscripts must be prepared in English, and are subject to a rigorous and fair peer-review process.
    [Show full text]
  • Livret Des Résumés Booklet of Abstracts
    XXIXèmes Journées de linguistique d’Asie Orientale 29th Paris Meeting on East Asian Languages 4-5 juillet 2016 / July 4th-5th 2016 EHESS – 105 boulevard Raspail – 75006 Paris LIVRET DES RÉSUMÉS BOOKLET OF ABSTRACTS CRLAO CENTRE DE RECHERCHES LINGUISTIQUES SUR L’ASIE ORIENTALE Table des matières / Contents Conférence plénière / Keynote speech – Claire Saillard, Contact des langues entre le chinois et le truku (langue austronésienne de Taiwan): quelles grammaires en contact?....................................... 5 Arnaud Arslangul, Structures informationnelles et linguistiques du français et du chinois dans le discours de description spatiale……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 6 Baik Junghye, Semantic-Pragmatic Development of a Spatial Noun The in Korean: From a Grammaticalization Perspective ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7 Daniel Chan & Yuan Hua-Hung, Verbal plurality: A view from Mandarin Chinese……………………………. 9 Chen Dandan 陳丹丹, 從“者”類後置型關係從句看漢語關係從句的特點……………………………….. 10 Choi Jiyoung, U-shaped development of inchoative states in Korean child language………………………. 11 Michel Ferlus, Incompatibilité entre des articulations continues dans les processus de registro- tonogenèse : exemples en vietique, en thai et en chinois…………………………………………………………………. 12 Kaori Furuya, Specification of the Person Feature in Pronominal Binding………………………………………… 13 Robert Iljic, Questions about questions (modal particles MA and NE in interrogative sentences)……. 14 Mark Irwin & Laurence Labrune, Les composés apophoniques en japonais…………………………………… 15 Ke Dan,
    [Show full text]
  • Japanese Rule Over Rural Manchukuo: Strategies and Policies
    JAPANESE RULE OVER RURAL MANCHUKUO: STRATEGIES AND POLICIES A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY OF THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY MO TIAN September 2015 DECLARATION I, Mo Tian, declare that, except where otherwise acknowledged or noted, this thesis is entirely my own work. Mo Tian iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study is the outcome of a frustrating intellectual trajectory. It started as an enquiry into the political ideology of Manchukuo, but later on switched its direction to the examination of the political institutions of Manchukuo, and finally landed on the area of Japanese rule over rural Manchukuo. On the path towards completing this thesis, I have incurred debts to many individuals and institutions. This thesis would have never been possible without their assistance and support. First, I would like to thank my family for carrying me through this PhD journey. I dedicate this thesis to my mother Huang Wei. Her unceasing love has supported me in various ways. I dedicate this thesis to my father Tian Shubin who died prematurely in 2001. He was a great father who taught me to pursue excellence and to become a man of integrity. I dedicate this thesis to my grandfather Huang Kexuan who grew up in Manchuria under the Japanese rule. In my early childhood, he strongly cultivated my genuine interest in Japan. His stories of the various aspects of the Japanese rule in Manchuria are the sources of inspiration for my work on Manchuria. My mentors and colleagues in Australia have greatly facilitated the process of my writing. The three members of my examination panel have been tremendously helpful for my thesis writing.
    [Show full text]
  • Resettlement Plan People's Republic of China: Jiangxi Ganzhou Rural
    Resettlement Plan Document Stage: Draft Project Number: 53049-001 August 2021 People’s Republic of China: Jiangxi Ganzhou Rural Vitalization and Comprehensive Environment Improvement Prepared by Ganzhou Municipal People's Government Leading Group Office for the ADB Loan Project in Ganzhou for the Asian Development Bank. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 2 August 2021) Currency unit - yuan (CNY) CNY1.00 = US$0.1548 US$1.00 = CNY6.4615 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank AP – Affected Person CNY – Chinese Yuan DDR – Due diligence report DI – Design Institute DMS – Detailed Measurement Survey FSR – Feasibility Study Report GRM – Grievance Redress Mechanism HH – Household IA – Implementing Agency LA – Land Acquisition LURT – Land Use Right Transfer LURPI – Land Use for Rural Public Infrastructures PA – Project Area PMO – Project Management Office RP – Resettlement Plan SOL – State-Owned Land WF – Women’s Federation GLOSSARY Affected Persons – In the context of involuntary resettlement, affected persons are those who are physically displaced (relocation, loss of residential land, or loss of shelter) and/or economically displaced (loss of land, assets, access to assets, income sources, or means of livelihoods) because of (i) involuntary acquisition of land, or (ii) involuntary restrictions on land use or on access to legally designated parks and protected areas. Compensation – Money or payment given to affected persons for property, resources, and income losses. Entitlement – According to the loss’s categories of affected persons, they are entitled to get compensation, income restoration, relocation costs, income subsidies and resettlement to restore socioeconomic conditions. Income Restoration – Rebuild the affected persons’ source of income and living standard. Resettlement – Rebuild houses and properties including productive land and public facilities at another area.
    [Show full text]
  • The Eurasian Transformation of the 10Th to 13Th Centuries: the View from Song China, 906-1279
    Haverford College Haverford Scholarship Faculty Publications History 2004 The Eurasian Transformation of the 10th to 13th centuries: The View from Song China, 906-1279 Paul Jakov Smith Haverford College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.haverford.edu/history_facpubs Repository Citation Smith, Paul Jakov. “The Eurasian Transformation of the 10th to 13th centuries: The View from the Song.” In Johann Arneson and Bjorn Wittrock, eds., “Eurasian transformations, tenth to thirteenth centuries: Crystallizations, divergences, renaissances,” a special edition of the journal Medieval Encounters (December 2004). This Journal Article is brought to you for free and open access by the History at Haverford Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Haverford Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Medieval 10,1-3_f12_279-308 11/4/04 2:47 PM Page 279 EURASIAN TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE TENTH TO THIRTEENTH CENTURIES: THE VIEW FROM SONG CHINA, 960-1279 PAUL JAKOV SMITH ABSTRACT This essay addresses the nature of the medieval transformation of Eurasia from the perspective of China during the Song dynasty (960-1279). Out of the many facets of the wholesale metamorphosis of Chinese society that characterized this era, I focus on the development of an increasingly bureaucratic and autocratic state, the emergence of a semi-autonomous local elite, and the impact on both trends of the rise of the great steppe empires that encircled and, under the Mongols ultimately extinguished the Song. The rapid evolution of Inner Asian state formation in the tenth through the thirteenth centuries not only swayed the development of the Chinese state, by putting questions of war and peace at the forefront of the court’s attention; it also influenced the evolution of China’s socio-political elite, by shap- ing the context within which elite families forged their sense of coorporate identity and calibrated their commitment to the court.
    [Show full text]
  • Ming China As a Gunpowder Empire: Military Technology, Politics, and Fiscal Administration, 1350-1620 Weicong Duan Washington University in St
    Washington University in St. Louis Washington University Open Scholarship Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations Arts & Sciences Winter 12-15-2018 Ming China As A Gunpowder Empire: Military Technology, Politics, And Fiscal Administration, 1350-1620 Weicong Duan Washington University in St. Louis Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/art_sci_etds Part of the Asian History Commons, and the Asian Studies Commons Recommended Citation Duan, Weicong, "Ming China As A Gunpowder Empire: Military Technology, Politics, And Fiscal Administration, 1350-1620" (2018). Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 1719. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/art_sci_etds/1719 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Arts & Sciences at Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY Dissertation Examination Committee: Steven B. Miles, Chair Christine Johnson Peter Kastor Zhao Ma Hayrettin Yücesoy Ming China as a Gunpowder Empire: Military Technology, Politics, and Fiscal Administration, 1350-1620 by Weicong Duan A dissertation presented to The Graduate School of of Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2018 St. Louis, Missouri © 2018,
    [Show full text]
  • The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2012 Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier Wai Kit Wicky Tse University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Asian History Commons, Asian Studies Commons, and the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Tse, Wai Kit Wicky, "Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier" (2012). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 589. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/589 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/589 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier Abstract As a frontier region of the Qin-Han (221BCE-220CE) empire, the northwest was a new territory to the Chinese realm. Until the Later Han (25-220CE) times, some portions of the northwestern region had only been part of imperial soil for one hundred years. Its coalescence into the Chinese empire was a product of long-term expansion and conquest, which arguably defined the egionr 's military nature. Furthermore, in the harsh natural environment of the region, only tough people could survive, and unsurprisingly, the region fostered vigorous warriors. Mixed culture and multi-ethnicity featured prominently in this highly militarized frontier society, which contrasted sharply with the imperial center that promoted unified cultural values and stood in the way of a greater degree of transregional integration. As this project shows, it was the northwesterners who went through a process of political peripheralization during the Later Han times played a harbinger role of the disintegration of the empire and eventually led to the breakdown of the early imperial system in Chinese history.
    [Show full text]
  • Ideophones in Middle Chinese
    KU LEUVEN FACULTY OF ARTS BLIJDE INKOMSTSTRAAT 21 BOX 3301 3000 LEUVEN, BELGIË ! Ideophones in Middle Chinese: A Typological Study of a Tang Dynasty Poetic Corpus Thomas'Van'Hoey' ' Presented(in(fulfilment(of(the(requirements(for(the(degree(of(( Master(of(Arts(in(Linguistics( ( Supervisor:(prof.(dr.(Jean=Christophe(Verstraete((promotor)( ( ( Academic(year(2014=2015 149(431(characters Abstract (English) Ideophones in Middle Chinese: A Typological Study of a Tang Dynasty Poetic Corpus Thomas Van Hoey This M.A. thesis investigates ideophones in Tang dynasty (618-907 AD) Middle Chinese (Sinitic, Sino- Tibetan) from a typological perspective. Ideophones are defined as a set of words that are phonologically and morphologically marked and depict some form of sensory image (Dingemanse 2011b). Middle Chinese has a large body of ideophones, whose domains range from the depiction of sound, movement, visual and other external senses to the depiction of internal senses (cf. Dingemanse 2012a). There is some work on modern variants of Sinitic languages (cf. Mok 2001; Bodomo 2006; de Sousa 2008; de Sousa 2011; Meng 2012; Wu 2014), but so far, there is no encompassing study of ideophones of a stage in the historical development of Sinitic languages. The purpose of this study is to develop a descriptive model for ideophones in Middle Chinese, which is compatible with what we know about them cross-linguistically. The main research question of this study is “what are the phonological, morphological, semantic and syntactic features of ideophones in Middle Chinese?” This question is studied in terms of three parameters, viz. the parameters of form, of meaning and of use.
    [Show full text]
  • THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY Dean's List AUTUMN SEMESTER 2016 Australia Data As of January 19, 2017 Sorted by Zip Code, City and Last Name
    THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY Dean's List AUTUMN SEMESTER 2016 Australia Data as of January 19, 2017 Sorted by Zip Code, City and Last Name Student Name (Last, First, Middle) City State Zip Bailey, Meg Elizabeth Merewether 2291 Caudle, Emily May Canberra 2609 Davis, Sarah Kate Canberra 2615 Thek, Hannah Louise Surrey Hills 3127 Engel, Rachel Olivia Glen Iris 3146 Taig, Darcy Lachlan Melbourne 3166 THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY Enrollment Services - Analysis and Reporting January 19, 2017 Page 1 of 119 Contact: [email protected] THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY Dean's List AUTUMN SEMESTER 2016 Bangladesh Data as of January 19, 2017 Sorted by Zip Code, City and Last Name Student Name (Last, First, Middle) City State Zip Bari, Rizvi Dhaka 1215 THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY Enrollment Services - Analysis and Reporting January 19, 2017 Page 2 of 119 Contact: [email protected] THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY Dean's List AUTUMN SEMESTER 2016 Brazil Data as of January 19, 2017 Sorted by Zip Code, City and Last Name Student Name (Last, First, Middle) City State Zip Rodrigues Franklin, Ana Beatriz Rio de Janeiro 22241 Gomes Pereira Painhas, Henrique Curitiba 80240 Sprintzin, Leonardo Curitiba 80240 Missell, Daniel Caxias do Sul 95020 THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY Enrollment Services - Analysis and Reporting January 19, 2017 Page 3 of 119 Contact: [email protected] THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY Dean's List AUTUMN SEMESTER 2016 Canada Data as of January 19, 2017 Sorted by Zip Code, City and Last Name Student Name (Last, First, Middle) City State Zip Lu, George Shizhou Vancouver
    [Show full text]