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Index

10cc 81, 83 Baker, (Dame) Janet 253 50 Cent 50 Bananarama 48 Banks, Tony 280 A Certain Ratio 81 Bantock, Granville 141 Abbate, Carolyn 242, 290 Barbirolli, (Sir) John 148 Abbey Road studios 39, 45, 75, 201, 203, 214 Barclay, Robert 264 ABC 48 Barenboim, Daniel 40, 41, 206, 229, 304 acetate discs 141–3, 148, 163, 166; see also Barrett, Syd 45 lacquer discs Barshai, Rudolf 99 acoustic recording 122, 125 Bartók, Béla 41, 118, 122 Adorno, Theodor Wiesengrund 8, 60, 105, 107, Bartoli, Cecilia 253 109, 250, 288, 292, 293 Basie, Count 277 Aerosmith 50 Battle, Kathleen 253 AIR studios (Associated Independent Recording Batt-Rawden, Kari 112 studios) 46 Baudrillard, Jean 51 album, rock 45–7, 109, 215 Bax, Arnold 145 All-India Radio 40 Bazooka 97 Alwyn, William 147 BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) 13, 40, American Federation of Musicians 127 125, 140–1, 273 M American Music Lover 269 Beardsley, Roger 202 Amor, Brian 99 Beastie Boys 50 Anderson, Laurie 48 Beatles 45–6, 66, 69, 75, 78, 131, 167, 187, 203–5 Andrews Sisters 98 Bebb, Richard 179 Ansermet, Ernest 55, 57 Beecham, (Sir) Thomas 124, 187, 213, 275 Apple 108 Beethoven, Ludwig van 29, 40, 59, 60, 98, 100, 103, Apple Computer 135 117, 128, 197, 208, 231, 235, 245, 263, 265, 269 Argerich, Martha 253 BEF (British Electric Foundation) 77 Armstrong, Lillian Hardin 199 Beinum, Eduard van 191, 276 Armstrong, Louis 199 Belafonte, Harry 116 Arnold, Gina 267 Bell & Tainter 154, 156 Arrow studio (Manchester) 80, 297 Bell Telephone Laboratories 129, 159, 167 Art of Noise 48 Bell, Alexander Graham 120 ASCAP (American Society of Composers, Bender, Paul 274 Authors and Publishers) 127 Benjamin, Walter 8, 24, 288, 292, 293, 300, 302 Ashkenazy, Vladimir 253 Bennett, Dave 202 Astley, Rick 48 Berg, Alban 41 Atlantic 132 Bergh, Arild 292, 302 Attali, Jacques 108 Berlin, Steve 75 Audio 64 Berliner, Emile, Berliner Gramophone Company Auer, Leopold 247, 252 121, 153, 154, 155–6 aura 24, 288 Bernstein, Leonard 181–5, 294 Auslander, Philip 244 Bertelsmann company 134 authenticity movement 25; see also HIP Bestone Stereophone 272 Auxetophone 159 Billboard 70 Avakian, George 36 Birdland 43 Axis 165 Birtwistle, (Sir) Harrison 217 Björk 280 Bach, Carl Philipp Emanuel 266 Black Swan 125 Bach, Johann Sebastian 56, 100, 118, 247, 251, Black, Cilla 46 252, 265 Blake, Andrew 298 [349] Baillie, Isobel 99 Blake, Tchad 71, 74, 75

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86582-1 - The Cambridge Companion to Recorded Music Edited by Nicholas Cook, Eric Clarke, Daniel Leech-Wilkinson and John Rink Index More information

350 Index

Blattnerphone 141 Callas, Maria 253 Blowers, Johnny 66 Can 82 Blue Note records 67 Capitol 132, 203 Blumlein, Alan 129, 167 Cargo studio (Rochdale) 83 Bogatsu, Monty 84 Carmichael, Hoagy 199 Böhm, Karl 43 Carroll, Eddie 277 Bohnen, Michel 274 Caruso, Enrico 98, 101, 122, 191 Bolter, Jay 286 Caskett, James 268 Bonney, Barbara 253 cassette 113 Bootleg Beatles 51 cassette recorder, introduction of 132, 164 Born, Georgina 290 Castaldo, Gino 267 Borodin Quartet 29 CBS (Columbia Broadcasting System), CBS Borodin, Alexander 189 Laboratories 127, 132, 134, 166, 182 Boston Symphony Orchestra 197 ccMixter 301 Boulanger, Nadia 47 CEDAR noise reduction 175, 201, 202, Boulez, Pierre 41, 250 203, 212 Boult, (Sir) Adrian 100, 147 Cernay, Germaine 99 Bowen, José 235 Ceronio, Peter 85, 95 Bowie, David 47, 48, 82 Chadabe, Joel 295 Box Tops 279 Chaliapine, Feodor 177 Boyd, Joe 45 Chanan, Michael 42, 290 Boyd, Robert 256 Charles, Ray 279 Brackett, David 226 CHARM (AHRC Centre for the History and Brahms, Johannes 247, 251 Analysis of Recorded Music) 2, 187, 190, Brain, Dennis 43 192, 290 Braslau, Sophie 226 Cherubini, Luigi 265 Braun, Hans-Joachim 63 Chic 46 Brendel, Alfred 253 Chilton, Alex 279 Brennan, Joseph 204 Chislett,W. A. 269, 275, 276, 281 Brian, Havergal 13 Chiu, Frederick 236 Bridle, Max 268 Chopin, Frédéric 222, 236, 237, 246, 251, 273 British Library, British Library Sound Archive Christgau, Robert 267 142, 147, 187 Chung, Kyung-Wha 253 British Recording Service (Bristol) 144 Clark, Alfred 122, 127, 135 Britten, Benjamin 40 Clarke, Eric 222 Brown, Clive 264 Classic FM 265 Brown, Wilfred 100 Classic Record Collector 247 Brüggen, Frans 253 Cliﬀord, Hubert 145 Brunswick 126, 127 close-miking 65 Bruscantini, Sesto 99 Clynes, Manfred 234 Bryars, Gavin 218, 220 Coates, Albert 189 Budapest Quartet 100 Cocteau Twins 280 Buggles 48 Cogan, Robert 226 Bull, Michael 293 Cohen, Harriet 145 Burney, Charles 263 Coldplay 48 Burns, Richard 175 Cole, Nat 65 Busch Quartet 100 Coleman, Ornette 44 Busch Trio 117 collectors, collections 98–101, 111, 177–9, Busch, Adolf 100 273–4 Busch, Fritz 98 Collins, Phil 70 Bush, Geoﬀrey 145 Columbia (Columbia Phonograph Company); Busoni, Feruccio 41 44, 66, 120–32, 134, 157, 166, 181, 269; see also Buzzcocks 80 CBS Bylsma, Anner 253 compact disc (CD), introduction of 133, 173 Byrne, David 48 Conner, Lynne 281 Consolidated Film Laboratories 127 Cabaret Voltaire 82 contracts 38, 270 Cage, John 102–15 Cook, Nicholas 290

351 Index

copyright 51, 135, 136, 174, 208–9; see also DMM (Direct Metal Mastering) 156, 163 Creative Commons Dockwray, Ruth 223, 244 Cortot, Alfred 228, 246, 247, 252, 257, 258, 275 Dolby noise reduction 164, 165 Count Basie Band 43, 47 Dolmetsch, Arnold 264 Cowan, Rob 274 Domingo, Placido 253 Crabbe, John 205 Donath, Helen 206 Creative Commons 287, 301 Donington, Robert 264 creative possibility 131 Donovan 50 creativity, collaborative 299 Douglas, Jack 73 Cretu, Michael 51 Dowdall, Edward 100 Crooks, Richard 99 Downbeat 279 Cros, Charles 153 Downtown studios (Johannesburg) 85, Crosby, Bing 68, 98 86, 97 Crossley-Holland, Peter 145 Dr Dre 50 crossover 134 Dreyfus, Laurence 263 Crystals 45 DSP (Digital Signal Processing) 33–4, 175 Culshaw, John 39–40, 131, 243 Dudley, Anne 48 Curtis, Ian 83 Dufay, Guillaume 25 Cutler, Chris 290, 299 Duke, Vernon 43 cylinder recording 120, 154–5 Durant, Alan 290 duration of recordings 195 DAB (Digital Audio Broadcast) standard 174 Dutton, Michael, Dutton Laboratories Dal Monte, Toti 99 141, 202 Dalek I Love You 81 DVD-Audio 42, 194, 195 Dart, Thurston 100 Dylan, Bob 109, 244 Darwin, Charles 248 Dynagroove system 169 Davis, Bette 60 dynamic response 193 Davis, Miles 44–5, 52, 279 Davis, William ‘Wild Bill’ 43 eBay 192 DAW (Digital Audio Workstation) 33–5 Echo and the Bunnymen 82 Dawkins, Richard 8 ECM (Editions of Contemporary Music) Dawson, Peter 99 52–3, 218 Day, Timothy 247, 290 Edison, Thomas, Edison Speaking Phonography De Luca, Giuseppe 99 Company 2, 102, 107, 114, 120, 126, 153, Debussy, Claude 41, 217 155, 269 Decca Gramophone Company 39, 41, 127, 129, editing 23–4, 33–4, 68, 149, 161, 164, 264 132, 134, 190, 192, 270, 272 Edwards, Bernard 46 decomposition 234 Ehrlich, Cyril 120 Def Jam 50 Eicher, Manfred 52–3, 218 Del Mar, Jonathan 265 Einar Örn Benediktsson 280 Denny, Martin 112 Eisenberg, Evan 111 DeNora, Tia 292, 302 electrical gramophones 196 Depression 127 electrical recording, introduction of 126, Deroy Sound Service (Ormskirk) 145 159–60, 211 Desain, Peter 234 Electrola 124 Desprez, Josquin 100 Elgar Society 142 Deutsche Grammophon 52, 124, 125, 127, 132, Elgar, Edward 100 177, 264 Elste, Martin 247 diegesis 4, 207, 243 Emerick, Geoﬀ 66, 75 digital delay 70 Emerson Quartet 219 digital recording, introduction of 133, 151, 172–4 EMI (Electrical Music Industries) 39, 40, 41, 42, direct-cut disc recording 140 45, 106, 127, 128, 129, 131, 132, 134, 203, 206, Disc Recording Ltd 141 211, 214, 264, 270, 272 disc records, introduction of 154 EMI Archive 177, 186–8 Dixie Chicks 50 Eminem 50 Dixieland Jazz Band 125 English Concert, The 265 DJ 301, 302, 303 Enigma 51 Dlamini, Janet 89 Eno, Brian 48–9, 52, 53

352 Index

equalisers 69 Gerry and the Pacemakers 46 Ertegun, Ahmet 36 gesture 19 Evans, (Sir) Geraint 206 Gesualdo, Carlo 29 Evans, Bill 52 Geto Boys 50 Evans, Gil 44 G-funk 50 Expert Stylus Company 211 Gibbons, Orlando 100 Gibson,J. J. 222 Fabian, Dorottya 247 Gieseking, Walter 188 Facebook 287 Gigli, Beniamino 99 Factory Records 80 Gilels, Emil 100 Fairlight CMI (Fairlight Computer Musical Gillespie, Dizzie 43 Instrument) 48 Giulini, Carlo Maria 40, 65 Falla, Manuel de 41 Goehr, Lydia 7, 27–8, 29, 289 Fantasia 171 Gogorza, Emilio de 99 Fantasound 171 Gold Star studio 69 Fay Acoustic Home Recorder 142 Gold, Dave 69 Feld, Steven 296 Gomart, Émilie 107 Feldman, Morton 220 Goodman, Benny 278 field recording 155 Goodman, Roy 264, 265 Fields, Gracie 128 Goodwin, Andrew 290 film sound 169–71 Goody, Jack 286 Fink, Bernarda 254 Gould, Glenn 17, 23, 56, 61, 74, 131, 218, 243, Finneberg, Laelia 141 244, 249 First World War 128, 157, 177 Gowers Review of Intellectual Property 209 Fischer-Dieskau, Dietrich 246, 253 gramophone 121, 122 Fisher, Mary Ann 279 Gramophone Company 5, 106, 121–8, 156, 157, Fitzgerald, Penelope 140 177, 189, 242, 270, 271, 275 fixers 17 Gramophone Critic and Society News 269 Flagpole Magazine 267 Gramophone Shop Encyclopedia of Recorded Flesch, Carl 247, 252 Music 187 foldback 21 Gramophone, (The) 20, 64, 144, 199, 201, 202, Folgar, Tino 98 247, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, Fonotipia 123 278, 279, 281 Ford, Mary 76 Granada Television 80, 297 Formby, George 128, 210–13 Grandmaster Flash 50 Foss, Lucas 118 Granz, Norman 43 Fox, Christopher 220 graphophone 120 Frankie Goes to Hollywood 48 Graveyard studio (Prestwich) 81 freesound.org 287 Gray, Michael 187, 190, 192 frequency response 193 Greene, Paul 76 Fricsay, Ferenc 99 Gregorian 52 Friedman, Ignaz 240, 246, 251 Gregorian chant 51 Frith, Simon 290 Greig, Edvard 98 Froom, Mitchell 74 Griffith, Anthony 201 Fülöp, Peter 187 groove 296 Furtwängler, Wilhelm 42, 231, 233, 235 Grubb, Suvi Raj 40–3, 50, 51, 206 Grunin, Eric 235 Gabriel, Peter 67, 70 Grusin, Richard 286 gain riding 194 Guardian 281 Gaisberg, Fred 105, 122, 128, 190, 242 Guerrini, Adriana 98 Galli-Curci, Amelita 99 Gulda, Friedrich 117 gansta rap 50 Garden, Mary 217 Hackett, Steve 280 Gardiner, (Sir) John Eliot 243 Hacking, Ian 294 gated reverb 69 Haendel, Ida 253 Gaye, Marvin 46 Hahn, Hilary 254 Genesis 280 Halee, Roy 84, 93 Gennett 198 Hammerstein, Oscar 182

353 Index

Hammond, John 129 Jackson, Edgar 277 Handel, George Frideric 55, 56, 273 Jackson, Michael 47, 293 Hannett, Martin 82, 297 Jagger, Mick 50 Hanover Band, The 263 Jakobson, Roman 19 Harnoncourt, Nikolaus 260 Janάček, Leos 100, 192 Harries, Gemma 281 Janowitz, Gundula 253 Harrison, George 45 Jarrett, Keith 280 Harrison, Julius 145 Jay-Z 50 Harry, Debbie 47 Jeczalik, J. J. 48 Harvest, Barclay James 81 Jenkins, Richard 112 Hatto, Joyce 12 Joachim, Joseph 251, 255 Haydn, Franz Joseph 100 John Hassell Recordings and Recorded headphones 21 Productions 145 Hebdige, Dick 290 Johnson, Eldridge R. 121, 269 Heilbrunn, Darryl 94 Johnson, Holly 48 Hendrix, Jimi 6, 107, 222, 226 Johnson, James P. 98 Hennion, Antoine 107, 111, 290 Johnson, Peter 226, 244 Henry, Pierre 295 Johnson, Tom 219 Henschel, (Sir) George 98 Johnstone, Clarence ‘Tandy’ 98 Hermann, Dagmar 100 Jones, Quincy 47, 48, 97 Heward, Leslie 55 Jones, Steve 290 Hi-Fi and Record Review 20 Journal on the Art of Record Production 1 HiFi Stereophonie 118 Joy Division 81, 82, 83, 297 High Fidelity 64 Jurowski, Vladimir 254 Higham, David 157 Hilliard Ensemble 29 Kammerer & Reinhardt 121 Hindemith, Paul 116 Karajan, Herbert von 29, 43, 117, 244 HIP (Historically Informed Performance) Katims, Milton 100 253–4, 257, 258–9 Katz, Mark 207 Historic Masters 177 Kaye, Danny 98 historical performance 263–6 Kazdin, Andrew 74 HMV (His Master’sVoice)128, 135, 141, 177, 189 Kealy, Edward 68, 290 Hofman, Josef 7, 29, 251 Keepnews, Orrin 52 Hogwood, Christopher 253, 263, 265 Keil, Charles 73, 296 Holbrooke, Josef 141 Keller, Arthur 167 Hollies 223 Kelly, Alan 188, 190 Holly, Buddy 76 Kempﬀ, Wilhelm 252 Honing, Henkjan 234 Kennedy, Nigel 253 Horn, Trevor 47 Kennedy, Rick 199 Horowitz, Vladimir 228, 252 Kenton, Stan 65 Hosokawa, Shuhei 290, 293 Kershaw, Baz 244 Huberman, Bronislaw 252 Killen, Kevin 67, 74 Human League 77, 82 King Oliver band 199 Hunt, John 188 King’s College Choir 100 King’s College London Sound IFPI (International Federation of Phonographic Archive 192 Industries) 133 Kingsway Hall (London) 41 Independent 109 Klein, Yues 77 Indigo studio (Manchester) 81 Klemperer, Otto 40, 100 Infantino, Luigi 98 Knüpfer, Paul 274 Inglez, Roberto 98 Koenig, Rudolph 151 Innis, Harold 287 Kogan, Leonid 100 iPod 5, 108, 115, 135, 292 Korn 50 Isigqi sesiManje 86–93 Koussevitsky, Serge 141 Isis Records (Oxford) 145 Koženά, Magdalena 254 Island Records 281 Kraftwerk 82 iTunes 108 Kramer, Billy J. and the Dakotas 46 Ives, Charles 292 Kreisler, Fritz 247

354 Index

Kremer, Gidon 253 M.C. Hammer 50 Kronos Quartet 24 M.S. S. Recording Co. Ltd 141, 144 Kuhn, Thomas 248 Mabote, Humphrey 86 Kuijken, Sigiswald 253 Mac, Andy 81 Kuny, Neil 86 Macero, Teo 36, 44–5, 52 Mackenzie, Compton 199, 268, 273 La Scala, Milan 128 Mackerras, (Sir) Charles 192, 254 Lacasse, Serge 226, 244 MacNeice, Louis 141 lacquer discs 162; see also acetate discs Madonna 47, 244 Lahl’Umlenze 97 Mae, Vanessa 24 Laing, Dave 290 Magnetophon 129, 140 Landau, Jon 267 Mahler, Gustav 40, 187 Langford, Frances 277 Maisonneuve, Sophie 108, 109 Lanois, Daniel 48 Makhosini 89 Lanza, Mario 98 Mandelson, Ben 49 Lara, Isadore de 178 Manildi, Donald 188 Lassus, Orlande de 100 Manor Studios (Shipton-on-Cherwell, Last.FM 114 Oxon) 83 Lastra, James 287 Manuel, Peter 290 Latour, Bruno 298 Mapleson, Lionel 122, 195 Layton, J. Turner 98 Marconi-Stille 163 Lebona, Koloi 84, 93, 297 Marcus, Greil 267 Leech, Kenneth 142 Marmorstein, Gary 182 Leech-Wilkinson, Daniel 226 Marston, Ward 198 Legge, Walter 36, 39, 40, 42, 128 Martin, George 45–6, 66, 78, 131 Lehάr, Franz 124 Martin, Mary 182 Lehmann, Lilli 247, 251 Martinelli, Giovanni 99 Lehmann, Lotte 247, 252, 257, 258 Martinville, Edouard-Léon Scott de 151 Leider, Frida 99 Martzy, Johanna 177 Lennon, John 45, 203 Marx, Karl 288 Leppert, Richard 104 Massenburg, George 71, 72 Let Zeppelin 51 Matassa, Cosimo 67 Letchford, Michael 100 matrix number 190–1 Levin, Robert 265 Matto, Cibo 74 Levine, Larry 74 Mavudla, Mzamo 97 Levy’s Sound Studios 144 Maxﬁeld, Joseph 166 Lewis, Edward 127 Maxwell Davies, (Sir) Peter 217 Lieberson, Goddard 181–5 Mayer Brown, Howard 263 Limbrick, Simon 220 McCartney, Paul 66 Limp Bizkit 50 McCormack, John 99 Lindberg, Ulf 267 McLuhan, Marshall 287 Lindström, Carl 123, 125, 126 mechanical recording 150 Linkin Park 50 mediation 72 Lion, Alfred 67, 74 Meek, Joe 45 Lippincott, Jesse 120 Meintjes, Louise 297, 298 listening, listeners 60–1, 71–3, 106, 113 Mel and Kim 48 Liszt, Franz 259 Melody Maker1661, 278, 279, 281 live recordings 11 memes 8, 255 Lochner, Louis 247 Mendelssohn, Felix 190, 219 Logan, Joshua 182 Mendes, Sergio 69 London Classical Players 265 Mengelberg, Willem 141, 233 London Symphony Orchestra 186 Menuhin, Yehudi 99, 264 Lortzing, Albert 117 Mercury 132 Los Lobos 74, 75 Mercury Records 281 loudspeakers 157–9 Mercury Sound Recordings (London) 144 LP (long-playing record), introduction of 120, Messiaen, Olivier 217 129, 130, 166, 182, 192 Messing, Scott 246 Lupu, Radu 61 Michałowski, Aleksander 251

355 Index

microphones and performance style 22–3, New Hormones label 80 64; see also sound engineering New Marguerite Sound Studios (London) 141 Middleton, Richard 290 New York Times 181 MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) 87, Ngqobo, Dumisani 93 151, 171 Ngubane, Alton 94 Miller, Mitch 66, 70 Nicolai, Otto 116 Milsom, David 247 Nimbus 263, 264 Minidisc 174 Nipponophone 126 Minogue, Kylie 48 Nkosi, West 86 Mivoice Speakeasie 142 noise reduction 175 Modern Recording Co. (London) 144 Nokia 108 Mohale, Pakie 97 Norrington, (Sir) Roger 253, 260, 265 Moiseiwitsch, Benno 98 North American Phonograph Company 120 Molwelwe, David 97 Notes 118 Monk, Meredith 53 Ntuli, Thembinkosi 93 Monk, Thelonious 67 NWA (Niggaz With Attitude) 50 Monteux, Pierre 276 Monti, Nicola 99 Oakey, Phil 79 Moore, Allan 225, 244 Obert-Thorn, Mark 202 Moore, Gerald 100 Ockeghem, Johannes 100 Moreschi, Alessandro 242 O’Connell, Charles 129 Moroder, Giorgio 82 Odeon 123 Mowitt, John 290 Ogdon, John 41 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus 40, 43, 99, 100, 117, O’Jays 45 205, 229, 250, 263, 264, 265, 266, 275 Okeh 125, 126 MP3 6, 102, 108, 111, 120, 134, 174, 208, 275, 301 Oldﬁeld, Mike 243 Mpholofolo, Michael 89 Olof, Victor 191 Muck, Karl 197 Ong, Walter 299 Mullin, Jack 68 Open Eye 81, 297 Mullova, Viktoria 254, 260 Oppenheim, David 182 multi-band compression 73 optical recording 150 multing 73 optical soundtrack 169 multitrack recording 21, 30, 41, 44, 47, 71, Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark 82 219, 299 Original Dixieland Jazz Band 198 Munrow, David 100 Ormandy, Eugene 186 Munves, Peter 182 Ory, Kid 125 Murthy, Dhiraj 303 Osborne, Richard 269 Musgrave, Michael 247 Otter, Anne Soﬁe von 254 Music Lovers Guide 269 Owen, William Barry 121 Music Tech Magazine 21 musical boxes 171 Pachmann, Vladimir de 238, 251 musique concrète 295 Packard, Thomas 175 Mustapha, Hijaz 49 Paderewski, Ignacy Jan 222, 251, 275 Mutter, Anne-Sophie 253 Padgham, Hugh 70, 74 Muzak 114 Pagliughi, Lina 98 Myer, Kurtz 118 Palestrina, Giovanni Pierliugi da 100 MySpace 114, 287 Paley, William 127, 182 pantograph 121 National Gramophonic Society 274 Parker, Charlie 43 Naxos 187, 209 Parlophon 123, 125 NBC (National Broadcasting Company) 127 Parlophone 203 NBC Symphony Orchestra 128 Parmeko 142 Ndlovu, Betty 97 Parsonage, Catherine 278 Nelson, Paul 281 Parsons, Alan 214 Nettl, Bruno 245 Parsons, (Sir) Charles 158 Neuhaus, Heinrich 238 Pathé 123, 126, 127, 156 Neumann, Georg GmbH 163, 169 Patti, Adelina 122, 156, 177, 194, 196, 207, 251 New Deal 126 Paul, Les 76

356 Index

Pearlson, Peter 87, 95 Rachmaninov, Sergei 41, 191, 195, 238 Peel, John 80 Radford, Robert 99 peer-to-peer ﬁle sharing 287, 302 Rage Against the Machine 50 Peirce, Charles 291 Rahman,A. R. 49 Penrose, Charles 177 Ramone, Phil 63 Perahia, Murray 253 Rattle, (Sir) Simon 254, 260 performance practice, historical 24–9, Ravel, Maurice 41 56, 247 RCA (Radio Corporation of America), RCA- Performance Worm 229 Victor 126, 129, 130, 132, 134, 161, 166, 169, Perlman, Itzhak 40, 253 190, 195, 197 Perrin, Glyn 220 R-DAT (Rotating (Head) Digital Audio Tape) 172 Perry, Lee ‘Scratch’ 82, 297 Record Collector 247 Pertile, Aureliano 99 Record Mail 270 Peters, John 291 Record of Singing, The 247 Peterson, Frank 51–2 Record Times 270 Petty, Norman 76 recording venue/space 17, 194 Phelan, Peggy 295 Records and Recording 188 Philadelphia Syndicate 121 Records Magazine 270 Philharmonia Orchestra 40 Red G & T 243 Philip, Robert 222, 247 Red Hot Chili Peppers, the 50 Philips 132, 164, 170, 173 Reger, Max 101 Philips-Miller recording system 141, 170 Reich, Steve 219 Phillips, Sam 67 Reinecke, Carl 250 phonautograph 151 Reith, John 140 Phono Trader and Recorder 267 remastering 42; see also transfer engineering phonograph 104, 105, 109, 120 remediation 8, 286 Phonograph Journal 270 Repp, Bruno 228, 234, 236 Phonograph Monthly Review 64, 269 Reprise 132 phrase arching 234, 237 Reszke, Jean de 177 piano roll 171 retailers, record 135, 192 Piazza, Luigi 98 reviews, criticism 11, 118, 267–82 Piccola Scala 99 Revolution Studio (Cheadle Hulme) 81 Piggott, Patrick 147 Rhythm 278 Piller, Boaz 197 Richerson, Peter 256 Pink Floyd 45, 214–16 Richter, Sviatoslav 100 Pink Military Stands Alone 81 Righteous Brothers 45 Pinnock, Trevor 265 Robbins, Jerome 183 Pinza, Ezio 182 Rodgers, Dick 182 playback curves 196 Rodriguez, Amalia 98 Plotkin, Chick 3, 71 Rogers, Nile 46 Plunket Greene, Harry 247 Rolling Stone 267, 270, 279, 281 Polydor 124 Ronald, Landon 122 Polygram 132, 134 Ronettes 45 Popular Music Studies Reader 36 Roosevelt, Franklin D. 126 Porcello, Thomas 65, 73 Rosé, Arnold 252 Poulsen, Valdemar 163 Rose, Tricia 290 Presley, Elvis 30 Ross, Diana 47 Prince 69 Rossi-Lemeni, Nicola 99 Pro Cantione Antiqua 100 Rossini, Gioachino 242, 265 producer, production 14, 57, 59–62, 70, 74, Rostropovich, Mstislav 100 84–97, 113, 181–5 Roswaenge, Helge 275 Public Enemy 50 Rothenbuhler, Eric 291 Putnam, Bill 68 Roxy Music 48, 82 Royal Festival Hall (London) 41 quadraphonic sound 41 Royal, Kate 254 Queen 243 Royce, Rose 46 Queen’s Hall (London) 141 Rubbra, Edmund 147 Quick, Miriam 249 Rubin, Rick 50–1

357 Index

Rubinstein, Artur 6, 7, 236, 240 Sinatra, Frank 47, 66 runaway selection 258 single record, introduction of 166 Run-DMC 50 Sister Sledge 47 Rutherford, Mike 280 Slayer 50 Sleeper, Milton B. 64 SACD (Super Audio Compact Disc) 42, Smetana Quartet 100 194, 195 Smit, Jan 97 Sackville-West, Edward 275 Smith, Norman 45 Sad Café 81 Snelson studio (Swansea) 144 Samson, Jim 246 Snoop Dogg 50 Sapp, Craig 236, 238 societies, record 128 Sarnoff, David 127, 128 Solomon (Cutner) 252 Saturday Review of Recordings 64 Solti, (Sir) Georg 29 Savage, Steve 294 Sondheim, Stephen 181–5 Savoy Havana Band 125 Sonic Visualiser 223, 225, 228, 232, 234 Savoy Orpheans 125 Sony 108, 134, 172, 173, 174 Sayers, Chris 265 sound archives 136 Schaeffer, Pierre 20, 295 sound engineering 63–76, 84–97 Scharrer, Irene 273 Sound on Sound 21, 129 Schenker, Heinrich 233 Sousa, John Philip 121 Schiff, Andrάs 230 Soyer, Roger 206 Schiller, Friedrich 208 Special Five 94 Schipa, Tito 99 Spector, Phil 36, 45, 69, 74 Schmidt Horning, Susan 68 speed wars 130 Schmitt, Al 68 Sphinx Studios 141 Schnabel, Artur 246, 252 Springsteen, Bruce 71 Schock, Rudolf 117 Stadler, Anton 266 Schoenberg, Arnold 41 Star Sound studios (London) 144 Schorr, Friedrich 99 Steiner, George 54 Schøtz, Aksel 100 stereo, introduction of 129, 131, 167–9, Schubart, Christian 263 205, 206 Schubert, Franz 40, 116, 117, 128, 226, 274 Sterling, Louis 123, 124, 125, 127 Schumann, Elisabeth 99 Stern, Isaac 253 Schumann, Robert 100, 107, 228, 251, 274 Sterne, Jonathan 287, 290 Schwarzkopf, (Dame) Elisabeth 253 Stich-Randall, Teresa 100 Seashore, Carl 228 Stock, Aitken and Waterman 48 Second World War 39, 128, 129, 140, Stockfelt, Ola 111 143, 163 Stockhausen, Karlheinz 295 Seen and Heard 268 Stokowski, Leopold 65, 98, 129, session musicians 17 171, 191 Sexsmith, Ron 74 Stoltzman, Richard 219 Shaham, Gil 253 Stone, Christopher 268, 281 Sharp, F. 269 Stordahl, Axel 66 Shawe-Taylor, Desmond 275 Strauss, Richard 40, 41 shellac 128, 129, 155, 166, 210 Stravinsky, Igor 41, 55, 192, 275 Shennan, Stephen 256 Strawberry Studio (Stockport) 83 Sherman, Bernard 247 Stroh violin 194 Shirimani Studios (Johannesburg) 96 studios, recording 80–3, 84–97 Short, Lee 93 style, style change 248–60 Shostakovich, Dmitri 29, 41, 100 Sugarhill Gang 47 Sibelius, Jean 40, 41, 243 Sundberg, Johan 234 Sikhale, Tefo 87 Sunshine Band 125 Silver, Horace 67 Supervia, Conchita 177 Silveri, Paolo 98 surround sound 173 Simeone, Nigel 294 Swarowsky, Hans 117 Simon Bolivar Youth Orchestra 304 Swedien, Bruce 47 Simon, Carly 47 Swinnerton, Frank 277 Simon, Paul 48, 84, 297 Symes, Colin 39, 272

358 Index

System of a Down’s 50 Vaughan Williams, Ralph 100, 199 Szell, George 65 Veale, John 147 Vega, Suzanne 74 Talking Heads 48 Vengerov, Maxim 254, 255 Talking Machine News 268, 270 Verdi, Giuseppe 25, 40, 98, 178, 251 Tallis, Thomas 24, 100 Verve 43 Tamagno, Francesco 178 vibrato 252 Tanglewood 21 Victor, Victor Talking Machine Company 121, tape recording, introduction of 32, 33, 123, 124, 125, 156, 157, 191, 270 66, 150, 163–4, 165, 206; see also Victoria, Tomas Luis de 100 Magnetophon Vietnam War 131 Taruskin, Richard 242, 243, 249, 263 Village Voice 267 TASCAM 164 Villiers,G. G. S. de 99 Tassel, Eric van 263 vinyl 129, 166 Tauber, Richard 98 Violin on Record, The 247 Taylor, Carson 65 Virgin Records 83 Taylor, Creed 36 Vivendi 134 Taylor, Timothy 290 Vocalion 127 Tchaikovsky, Pyotr Ilyich 99, Volta Laboratories 120 197, 272 Teardrop Explodes, The 81 Wagner, Richard 29, 42, 43, techno 301 197, 243 Teldec 163 Wahl-Jorgensen, Karin 281 Temptations 46 Waldron, Mal 67 Thango, Joana 86 Walkman 5, 108, 174, 242, 292 Thébèrge, Paul 290, 299 Wall Street Crash 126, 127 Thibaud, Jacques 275 Wallerstein, Edward 127, 129 Three Mustaphas Three 49 Walton, (Sir) William 141 Time Incorporated 134 Ward, Ed 267 Times, The 268, 281 Warner Records 132, 134, 270 Tippett, (Sir) Michael 147 Waters, Roger 214 Todd, Neil 234, 237 Waters, Simon 302 Tolkien,J. R. R. 49 Watson, Chris 296 Tomes, Susan 298, 299 Watt, Ian 286 Toop, David 290 Watts, Agnes 140 Tornadoes 45 Watts, Cecil 140, 141, 142 Toscanini, Arturo 98, 128, 141 Weber, Carl Maria von 265 Townsend, Ken 69 Webern, Anton 250 transfer engineering 201–3 Wellburn, Ronald 268 transfer labels 193, 210–13 WERM (The World’s Encyclopaedia of Recorded Transoceanic 126 Music) 187 tribute bands 51 West-Eastern Divan Orchestra 304 Troutbeck,W. H. 145–8 Western Electric Company 126, Tuck and Patti 69 159, 169 Tucker, Tom 69 Whiteman, Paul 125 Tureck, Rosalyn 252 Whitﬁeld, Norman 46 Turnabout 118 Widdop, Walter 99 Turner, Bruno 100 Widmer, Gerhard 229 Turner, Richard 235 Wilkinson, Ken 191 Willcocks, David 100 U2 48–9, 67 Williams, Christina 110 Uchida, Mitsuko 230 Williams, Richard 281 Ultravox 48 Williams, Trevor 121 Uninsky, Alexander 240 Wilson, Percy 276 Universal Music 134 wire recorder 163 Witts, Richard 296 Van Gelder, Rudy 67, 68, 74 Wonder, Stevie 46 Värttinä 49 Wood, (Sir) Henry 124, 142

359 Index

world music 49 Young, Andre 50 Wright, Adrian 79 Ysaÿe, Eugène 251, 255 Wright, David 202 Zak, Albin 298 Xaba, Nogabisela 93, 96 Zakwe, Msawetshitshi 93 XTC 70 Zaslaw, Neal 263 Zimbler Sinfonietta 118 Yadlowker, Hermann 274 Zimmermann, Walter 220 Yakus, Shelley 69 ZTT (Zang Tumb Tuum) 48 Yes 48 Zulu, Siyazi 96