DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE Tenth Street and Constitution Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20530 Phone, 202–514–2000. Internet, http://www.usdoj.gov/.

THE ATTORNEY GENERAL JANET RENO Chief of Staff JOHN M. HOGAN Deputy Chief of Staff KENT MARKUS Confidential Assistant to the Attorney BESSIE L. MEADOWS General Assistants to the Attorney General SIDNEY ESPINOSA, WILFREDO A. FERRER, DAVID JONES, CHERYL L. MONTGOMERY, THOMAS J. PERRELLI, E. KINNEY ZALESNE Deputy Attorney General ERIC H. HOLDER, JR. Confidential Assistant ANNIE BRADLEY Principal Associate Deputy Attorney General ROBERT S. LITT Chief of Staff KEVIN A. OHLSON Associate Deputy Attorneys General PAUL J. FISHMAN, MARSHALL JARRETT, DAVID MARGOLIS, EILEEN MAYER, ROSLYN A. MAZER,J ONATHAN SCHWARTZ, ROBERT M. WILKINSON Counsels to the Deputy Attorney General JOHN BENTIVOGLIO, CRAIG ISCOE Special Assistants to the Deputy Attorney BERNARD DELIA, LISA WINSTON General Director, Executive Office for National DANIEL S. SEIKALY Security Deputy Director/Associate Deputy MICHAEL A. VATIS Attorney General Counsel for National Affairs JAMES A. MCATAMNEY Associate Attorney General RAYMOND C. FISHER Confidential Assistant JAYNE SCHREIBER Deputy Associate Attorneys General FRANCIS M. ALLEGRA, JOHN DWYER,R ICHARD JEROME, REGINALD ROBINSON, LEWIS ANTHONY SUTIN, MICHAEL SMALL Assistant Associate Attorney General KENNETH CHERNOF Senior Counsel, Office of Alternative Dispute PETER R. STEENLAND, JR. Resolution Solicitor General SETH P. WAXMAN, Acting Inspector General MICHAEL BROMWICH Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal DAWN JOHNSEN, Acting Counsel Assistant Attorney General, Office of ANDREW FOIS Legislative Affairs Assistant Attorney General, Office of Policy ELEANOR D. ACHESON Development Assistant Attorney General for Administration STEPHEN R. COLGATE Assistant Attorney General, Antitrust Division JOEL I. KLEIN 328

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Assistant Attorney General, Civil Division FRANK W. HUNGER Assistant Attorney General, Civil Rights BILL LANN LEE, Acting Division Assistant Attorney General, Criminal Division JOHN C. KEENEY, Acting Assistant Attorney General, Environment and LOIS J. SCHIFFER Natural Resources Division Assistant Attorney General, Tax Division LORETTA C. ARGRETT Assistant Attorney General, Office of Justice LAURIE ROBINSON Programs Director, Office of Public Affairs BERT BRANDENBURG Directors, Office of Information and Privacy RICHARD L. HUFF, DANIEL J. METCALFE Director, Office of Intergovernmental Affairs NICHOLAS M. GESS Director, Executive Office for U.S. Attorneys CAROL DIBATTISTE Director, Bureau of Prisons KATHLEEN M. HAWK Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation LOUIS J. FREEH Director, United States Marshals Service EDUARDO GONZALEZ Director, Executive Office for Immigration ANTHONY C. MOSCATO Review Director, Executive Office for United States JOSEPH PATCHAN Trustees Director, Community Relations Service ROSE OCHI Director, Community Oriented Policing JOSEPH BRANN Services Administrator, Drug Enforcement THOMAS A. CONSTANTINE Administration Commissioner, Immigration and Naturalization DORIS MEISSNER Service Chairman, United States Parole Commission MICHAEL GAINES Chairman, Foreign Claims Settlement DELISSA A. RIDGWAY Commission Chief, INTERPOL–U.S. National Central JAMES CHRISTENSEN, Acting Bureau Counsel, Office of Intelligence Policy and GERALD E. SCHROEDER, Acting Review Counsel, Office of Professional Responsibility MICHAEL E. SHAHEEN, JR. Pardon Attorney ROGER C. ADAMS, Acting [For the Department of Justice statement of organization, see the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 28, Chapter I, Part 0]

As the largest law firm in the Nation, the Department of Justice serves as counsel for its citizens. It represents them in enforcing the law in the public interest. Through its thousands of lawyers, investigators, and agents, the Department plays the key role in protection against criminals and subversion, in ensuring healthy competition of business in our free enterprise system, in safeguarding the consumer, and in enforcing drug, immigration, and naturalization laws. The Department also plays a significant role in protecting citizens through its efforts for effective law enforcement, crime prevention, crime detection, and prosecution and rehabilitation of offenders. Moreover, the Department conducts all suits in the Supreme Court in which the United States is concerned. It represents the Government in legal matters generally, rendering legal advice and opinions, upon request, to the President and to the heads of the executive departments. The Attorney General supervises and directs these activities, as well as those of the U.S. attorneys and U.S. marshals in the various judicial districts around the country.

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The Department of Justice was created under authority of act of established by act of June 22, 1870, as September 24, 1789, as amended (28 amended (28 U.S.C. 501, 503, 509 U.S.C. 503). note), with the Attorney General as its The affairs and activities of the head. Prior to 1870 the Attorney General Department of Justice are generally was a member of the President’s directed by the Attorney General. The Cabinet, but not the head of a offices, divisions, bureaus, and boards of department, the office having been the Department follow.

Offices

Attorney General The Attorney Office drafts legal opinions of the General, as head of the Department of Attorney General rendered in response Justice and chief law enforcement officer to requests from the President and heads of the Federal Government, represents of the executive departments. It also the United States in legal matters provides its own written opinions and generally and gives advice and opinions informal advice in response to requests to the President and to the heads of the from the various agencies of the executive departments of the Government, as well as offices within Government when so requested. The the Department and from Presidential Attorney General appears in person to staff and advisers, typically dealing with represent the Government before the legal issues involving agency U.S. Supreme Court in cases of disagreements or with pending exceptional gravity or importance. The legislation. The Office also is responsible Office of the Attorney General oversees for providing legal advice to the the Offices of Deputy Attorney General, executive branch on all constitutional Associate Attorneys General, Legal questions. Counsel, and Inspector General, as well All Executive orders and as the following offices whose public proclamations proposed to be issued by purposes are widely applied. the President are reviewed by the Office Solicitor General The Solicitor General of Legal Counsel for form and legality, as represents the U.S. Government in cases are various other matters that require the before the Supreme Court. He decides President’s formal approval. In addition, what cases the Government should ask the Office of Legal Counsel functions as the Supreme Court to review and what general counsel for the Department. It position the Government should take in reviews all proposed orders of the cases before the Court. Also, he Attorney General and all regulations supervises the preparation of the requiring the Attorney General’s Government’s Supreme Court briefs and approval. other legal documents and the conduct The Office coordinates the work of the of the oral arguments in the Court. He or Department with respect to treaties, his staff argue most of the Government’s executive agreements, and international cases in the Supreme Court. The organizations. It performs a variety of Solicitor General’s duties also include special assignments referred by the deciding whether the United States Attorney General or the Deputy Attorney should appeal in all cases it loses before General. However, it is not authorized to the lower courts. give legal advice to private persons. Legal Counsel The Assistant Attorney Information and Privacy The Office of General in charge of the Office of Legal Information and Privacy (OIP) operates Counsel assists the Attorney General in under the supervision of a Director, who fulfilling the Attorney General’s function manages the Department’s as legal adviser to the President and all responsibilities related to the Freedom of the executive branch agencies. The Information Act (FOIA) and the Privacy

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Act. These responsibilities include and reduce community tensions arising coordinating policy development and from actions, policies, and practices compliance Governmentwide for FOIA, perceived to be discriminatory on the and by the Department for the Privacy basis of race, color, or national origin. Act; and adjudicating all appeals from The Service offers assistance to denials by any Department component communities in resolving disputes of access to information under those relating to race, color, or national origin acts. OIP also processes all initial and facilitates the development of viable requests under those acts for access to agreements as alternatives to coercion, the records of the Offices of the Attorney violence, or litigation. It also assists and General, Deputy Attorney General, supports communities in developing Associate Attorney General, and other local mechanisms as proactive measures senior management offices of the to prevent or reduce racial/ethnic Department. tensions. Pardon Attorney The Office of the The services provided include Pardon Attorney, in consultation with the conciliation, mediation, technical Attorney General or the Attorney assistance, and training, and involve General’s designee, assists the President specialized procedures for preventing in the exercise of his pardon power and resolving racial and ethnic conflicts. under Article II, section 2, of the The Service provides assistance directly Constitution. Generally, all requests for to people and their communities. It pardon or other forms of executive shows no partiality among disputing clemency, including commutation of parties and, in promoting the principles sentence, are directed to the Pardon and ideals of nondiscrimination, applies Attorney for investigation and review. The Pardon Attorney prepares the skills that allow parties to mediate their Department’s recommendation to the own disputes. The Service’s conciliators, President for final disposition of each who are located in 10 regional offices application. and 4 field offices around the country, Community Relations Service The assist people of diverse racial and Service was created by title X of the cultural backgrounds. Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. The Service offers its assistance either 2000g et seq.). The Community on its own motion, when in its judgment Relations Service is under the general peaceful relations among the citizens of authority of the Attorney General and is a community are threatened, or upon headed by a Director, appointed by the request of State or local officials or other President with the advice and consent of interested persons. The Service seeks the the Senate. cooperation of appropriate State and The mission of the Service is to local, and public and private agencies in prevent and resolve community conflicts carrying out the agency’s mission. Regional OfficesÐCommunity Relations Service

Address Director Phone/FTS

Boston, MA (99 Summer St., 02110) ...... Martin A. Walsh ...... 617±424±5715 New York, NY (26 Federal Plz., 10278) ...... Patricia Glenn ...... 212±264±0700 Philadelphia, PA (2d and Chestnut Sts., 19106) ...... Jonathan Chace ...... 215±597±2344 Atlanta, GA (75 Piedmont Ave. NE., 30303) ...... Ozell Sutton ...... 404±331±6883 Chicago, IL (55 W. Monroe St., 60603) ...... Jesse Taylor ...... 312±353±4391 Dallas, TX (1420 W. Mockingbird Ln., 75247) ...... Gilbert J. Chavez ...... 214±655±8175 Kansas City, MO (323 W. 8th St., 64105) ...... Atkins Warren ...... 816±426±7434 Denver, CO (1244 Speer Blvd., 80204±3584) ...... Silke Hansen, Acting ...... 303±844±2973 San Francisco, CA (33 New Montgomery St., 94105±4511) ...... Booker Neal, Acting ...... 415±744±6565 Seattle, WA (915 2d Ave., 98101) ...... Robert Lamb, Jr...... 206±220±6700

For further information, contact any regional office or the Director, Community Relations Service, Department of Justice, Suite 2000, 600 E Street NW., Washington, DC 20530. Phone, 202–305–2935.

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Justice Management Division Under litigate, or provide legal advice are the direction of the Assistant Attorney reported to the Office of Professional General for Administration, the Division Responsibility. The Office also has provides assistance to senior jurisdiction to investigate allegations of management officials relating to basic misconduct by law enforcement Department policy for evaluation, budget personnel when they are related to and financial management, asset allegation of misconduct by attorneys forfeiture management, personnel within the Office’s jurisdiction. The management and training, equal Office usually conducts its own opportunity programs, automatic data investigations into allegations. processing and telecommunications, The Office may also participate in or security, records management, direct an investigation conducted by procurement, real property and materiel another component of the Department, management, and for all other matters or may simply monitor an investigation pertaining to organization, management, conducted by an appropriate agency and administration. having jurisdiction over the matter. In The Division provides direct addition, the Office oversees the internal administrative support services, such as inspection operations of the Federal personnel, accounting, payroll, Bureau of Investigation and Drug procurement, budget, and facilities and Enforcement Administration. property management to the offices, The Counsel submits an annual report boards, and divisions of the Department; to the Attorney General that reviews and and operates several central services, evaluates the Department’s internal such as automated data processing. inspection units. The Counsel makes The Division develops and recommendations to the Attorney promulgates Departmentwide policies, General on the need for changes in standards, and procedures for the policies or procedures that become management of automated information evident during the course of internal processing resources and for the inquiries reviewed or initiated by the directive system and reviews their Office. implementation. The Division collects, Intelligence Policy and Review The organizes, and disseminates recorded Office of Intelligence Policy and Review, information that is necessary for the under the direction of the Counsel to the Department to carry out its statutory Attorney General for Intelligence Policy, mandate and provides general research is responsible for advising the Attorney and reference assistance regarding General on all matters relating to the information to Department staff, other national security activities of the United Government attorneys, and members of States. The Office also serves as adviser the public. to the Attorney General and various Professional Responsibility The Office client agencies, including the Central of Professional Responsibility, which Intelligence Agency, the Federal Bureau reports directly to the Attorney General, of Investigation, the National Security is responsible for investigating Agency, and the Defense and State allegations of criminal or ethical Departments, concerning questions of misconduct by employees of the Justice law, regulation, and guidelines as well Department. The Counsel on as the legality of domestic and overseas Professional Responsibility heads the intelligence operations. Office, the role of which is to ensure The Office prepares and files all that departmental employees continue to applications for surveillances and perform their duties in accordance with searches under the Foreign Intelligence the high professional standards expected Surveillance Act of 1978, assists of the Nation’s principal law Government agencies by providing legal enforcement agency. advice on matters of national security All allegations of misconduct against law and policy and represents the Department attorneys that relate to the Department of Justice on a variety of exercise of their discretion to investigate, interagency committees. The Office also

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comments on and coordinates other —adjustments of debts of a family agencies’ views regarding proposed farmer with regular income under legislation affecting national security and chapter 12; and intelligence matters. —adjustment of debts of an individual The Office maintains an Intelligence with regular income under chapter 13, Analytic Unit (IAU) to keep the Attorney pursuant to which an individual can General, Deputy Attorney General, and discharge debts by arranging for other senior Department officials payments over a period of time. The currently informed on matters pertaining U.S. Trustee does not have a significant to their responsibilities. role in proceedings under chapter 9, Executive Office for United States Attorneys (EOUSA) The Office was which relates to the adjustment of debts created on April 6, 1953, by Attorney of a municipality. General Order No. 8–53, to meet a need Specific responsibilities of the U.S. for a closer liaison between the Trustees include: Department of Justice in Washington, —appointing and supervising the DC, and the U.S. attorneys. The Office is performance of private trustees in under the supervision of the Deputy individual cases; Attorney General. The mission of EOUSA is to provide —appointing and convening creditors’ general executive assistance to the 94 committees in chapter 11 corporate Offices of the U.S. attorneys and to reorganization cases; coordinate the relationship between the —reviewing applications for the U.S. attorneys and the organization retention of professionals and the components of the Department of Justice payment of fees; and other Federal agencies. —reviewing disclosure statements and U.S. Trustee Program The U.S. Trustee submitting statements to the court Program acts in the public interest to regarding their adequacy; promote the efficiency and to protect and preserve the integrity of the —appointing trustees or examiners in bankruptcy system. It works to secure such cases as needed; the just, speedy, and economical —ensuring that the assets involved in resolution of bankruptcy cases; monitors bankruptcy cases are protected during the conduct of parties, takes action to the administration of cases; ensure compliance with applicable laws —serving as trustees in chapters 7, 12, and procedures, and identifies and and 13 cases where private trustees are investigates bankruptcy fraud and abuse; unwilling to serve; and and oversees administrative functions in bankruptcy cases. The Program is funded —presenting matters relating to the by the U.S. Trustee System Fund, which Bankruptcy Code in court. consists mainly of filing fees paid by Executive Office for U.S. Trustees The debtors invoking the protections of the Attorney General is charged with the bankruptcy laws. appointment, supervision, and The U.S. Trustees supervise the coordination of the U.S. Trustees and administration of four of the five types of Assistant U.S. Trustees. Day-to-day bankruptcy proceedings defined under policy and legal direction, coordination, the Bankruptcy Code. These are: and control are provided by the Director —proceedings under chapter 7 in of the Executive Office for U.S. Trustees which the assets of the debtor are who is appointed by the Attorney liquidated; General. The Executive Office also —reorganization proceedings under provides administrative and management chapter 11 for rehabilitation of the support to individual U.S. Trustee business debtor; Offices.

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For further information, contact the Executive Office for U.S. Trustees, Department of Justice, Suite 700, 901 E Street NW., Washington, DC 20530. Phone, 202–307–1391.

Divisions Antitrust Division powerplants and mergers of financial The Assistant Attorney General in charge institutions. It also consults with Federal of the Antitrust Division is responsible agencies on a variety of other matters, for promoting and maintaining including the issuance of Federal coal competitive markets by enforcing the and oil drilling leases and the disposition Federal antitrust laws. Such enforcement, of surplus Government property. which is the principal function of the In addition, the Antitrust Division Division, involves investigating possible represents the United States in judicial antitrust violations, conducting grand proceedings to review certain orders of jury proceedings, preparing and trying regulatory agencies and provides direct antitrust cases, prosecuting appeals, and court representation for the Secretary of negotiating and enforcing final the Treasury in certain Bureau of judgments. The antitrust laws affect Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms cases. It virtually all industries and apply to every also participates in Federal Trade phase of business, including Commission cases before the Supreme manufacturing, transportation, Court. distribution, and marketing. They In the international law area, the prohibit a variety of practices that Division represents the United States on restrain trade, such as price-fixing the Committee on Competition Law and conspiracies, corporate mergers likely to Policy of the Organization for Economic reduce the competitive vigor of Cooperation and Development; particular markets, and predatory acts participates in the United Nations designed to achieve or maintain Conference on Trade and Development monopoly power. The Division and in the World Trade Organization’s prosecutes serious and willful violations trade and competition working group; of the antitrust laws by filing criminal and, in conjunction with the Department suits that can lead to large fines and jail of State, maintains liaison with foreign sentences. Where criminal prosecution is governments on antimonopoly laws and not appropriate, the Division seeks a policies. court order forbidding future violations For further information, contact the FOIA Unit, of the law and requiring steps by the Antitrust Division, Department of Justice, 325 defendant to remedy the anticompetitive Seventh Street NW., Washington, DC 20530. effects of past violations. Phone, 202–514–2692. The Division also is responsible for acting as an advocate of competition Civil Division within the Federal Government. This The Civil Division represents the United involves formal appearances in Federal States, its departments and agencies, administrative agency proceedings, Members of Congress, Cabinet officers, development of legislative initiatives to and other Federal employees. Its promote deregulation and eliminate litigation reflects the diversity of unjustifiable exemptions from the Government activities, involving, for antitrust laws, participation on executive example, the defense of challenges to branch policy task forces, and Presidential actions; national security publication of reports on regulated issues; benefit programs; energy policies; industry performance. The Division commercial issues such as contract provides formal advice to other agencies disputes, banking, insurance, patents, on the competitive implications of fraud, and debt collection; all manner of proposed transactions requiring Federal accident and liability claims; and approval, such as construction of nuclear violations of the immigration and

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consumer protection laws. Each year, Tort litigation also includes all legal Division attorneys handle thousands of proceedings involving the United States cases that collectively involve billions of related to ships, shipping, navigable dollars in claims and recoveries. The waters, and workmen’s compensation. Division confronts significant policy The Division’s admiralty litigation issues, which often rise to constitutional includes suits for personal injury and dimensions, in defending and enforcing property damage involving vessels, shore various Federal programs and actions. installations, and maritime personnel, The Civil Division litigates cases in all equipment, and cargoes; suits arising out Federal district courts, the U.S. Courts of of contracts involving shipping, Appeals, the U.S. Court of Federal chartering of vessels, and the Claims, other Federal and State courts, construction, repair, and salvaging of and the courts of foreign nations. vessels; proceedings to enforce Division attorneys either conduct this navigation and shipping laws; and litigation personally or they supervise or litigation based on international maritime assist the U.S. attorneys and foreign agreements. counsel to whom the Division refers the Commercial Litigation The Commercial cases. The Division is composed of Litigation Branch is responsible for seven major groups: the Torts Branch, litigation associated with the the Commercial Litigation Branch, the Government’s diverse financial Federal Programs Branch, the Appellate involvements. Staff, the Office of Consumer Litigation, This litigation includes all monetary the Office of Immigration Litigation, and suits involving contracts, express or an Office of Management Programs. implied; actions to foreclose on Torts The Torts Branch is responsible Government mortgages and liens; for suits under the Federal Tort Claims bankruptcy and insolvency proceedings; Act, including medical malpractice, and suits against guarantors and sureties. aviation disasters, environmental and Branch attorneys bring suit under the occupational disease, and radiation and False Claims Act (31 U.S.C. 3729) for toxic substance exposure. It also handles the recovery of treble damages and civil maritime litigation and suits that seek penalties and alternative remedies, in personal monetary judgments against connection with fraud in the award or individual officers or employees. performance of Government contracts, Tort litigation more specifically false claims presented in connection includes the defense of all Federal Tort with Federal programs such as Medicare, Claims Act suits against the United the submission of false statements and States, and the prosecution of suits in vouchers to Government agencies, and tort on behalf of the United States. Suits the use of other fraudulent devices in and administrative claims for death, transactions with the Government. These personal injury, and property damage suits include those filed pursuant to the brought under the Tort Claims Act allege qui tam provisions of the False Claims negligence on the part of Government Act, in which private citizens with employees acting within the scope of knowledge of fraud against the their employment and involve matters Government may file a lawsuit against such as the operation of Government the perpetrators on behalf of the United vehicles, the maintenance of States and share in a percentage of any Government premises, and the monetary recovery. Branch attorneys performance of Federal services and also bring suits to recover sums paid to regulatory functions such as medical bribe Government officials and treatment, hospital care, and the control kickbacks in Government procurement. of civilian, military, and commercial air The Branch is responsible for all cases traffic. In addition, the Torts Branch in the U.S. Court of International Trade, defends petitions filed pursuant to the including suits brought by importers of Vaccine Injury Compensation Program merchandise to challenge the and is responsible for administering the appraisement or classification of Radiation Exposure Compensation Act. imported goods or other decisions of the

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U.S. Customs Service in its involving the United States as a party administration of the tariff laws and and suits against U.S. employees schedules. stationed abroad who are being sued in The Branch has responsibility for all the course of their Government service. litigation in the U.S. Court of Federal Additionally, the Branch renders Claims except for those cases assigned to international judicial assistance to the Environment and Natural Resources foreign and international tribunals. Division and the Tax Division. Included Federal Programs The Federal are: Programs Branch defends the programs, —patent cases and suits arising out of policies, and decisions of virtually all construction, procurement, service Federal departments and agencies, the contracts, and claims associated with President, Cabinet officers, Members of contract terminations; Congress, and other Government —claims involving freight rate disputes officials. It defends against constitutional arising out of the transportation of challenges to statutes, suits to overturn Government property; Government policies and programs, and —claims for just compensation under challenges to the legality of Government the fifth amendment; decisions. These suits typically seek —claims for salary or retirement by injunctive and declaratory relief and civilian and military personnel; and range from objections to the way that —cases assigned by congressional the Government deals with its reference or special legislation. employees to allegations that the Likewise, Branch attorneys handle the President has violated the Constitution or majority of cases before the Court of Federal law. The Branch also initiates Appeals for the Federal Circuit. This suits to enforce regulatory statutes and to litigation involves appeals of decisions remedy or prevent statutory or regulatory made by the U.S. Court of Federal violations. Claims, the U.S. Court of Veterans The areas of litigation include: Appeals, Boards of Contract Appeals, the —defense of suits against the heads of Merit Systems Protection Board, and Federal departments and agencies and Federal district courts. other government officials to enjoin The Branch handles all litigation official actions, as well as suits for involving the rights, liabilities, and judicial review of administrative administrative functions of the decisions, orders, and regulations; Government with respect to patent, —defense and prosecution of suits copyright, and trademark matters. This involving national security, including includes: suits to protect sensitive intelligence —defense of patent infringement suits sources and materials; based on the liability of the United —prosecution of suits to prevent States for infringements in connection interference with Government with the performance of Government operations; contracts; —litigation concerning the —legal proceedings to establish constitutionality of Federal laws; Government priority of invention; —defense of suits raising employment —suits for specific performance to discrimination claims and Government require transfer of rights and title and personnel issues; and payment of royalties; —defense of suits involving —suits to cancel patents acquired by specialized statutes, such as the Freedom fraud upon the Patent Office; of Information Act, the Federal Advisory —defense of administrative acts of the Committee Act, and the Privacy Act. Register of Copyrights; and Appellate Staff The Appellate Staff has —actions on behalf of the primary responsibility for the litigation of Government involving the use of Civil Division cases in the appellate trademarks. courts. The Staff prepares Government The Branch is also responsible for the briefs and presents oral argument for the supervision of litigation in foreign courts cases. Additionally, the Appellate Staff

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participates in drafting all documents the Immigration and Naturalization filed for these cases in the United States Service. In addition, this Office handles Supreme Court, including briefs on the district court litigation, removal order merits, petitions for certiorari, and review proceedings, habeas corpus jurisdictional statements. review and general advice, and Consumer Litigation The Office of immigration-related appellate matters. Consumer Litigation is responsible for The Office is also responsible for cases civil and criminal litigation and related pertaining to the issuance of visas and matters arising under various consumer passports, and for litigation arising under protection and public health statutes, the amnesty and employer sanctions including the Federal Food, Drug, and provisions of the Immigration Reform Cosmetic Act, the Federal Trade and Control Act of 1986 (8 U.S.C. Commission Act, the Consumer Product 1255a, 1324a), the criminal and terrorist Safety Act, the Hazardous Substances alien reforms of 1990 and 1996, and the Act, and the Truth in Lending Act. The Office also serves as a liaison with other immigration enforcement reforms of the Federal agencies and with local Illegal Immigration Reform and enforcement agencies for the referral of Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996. consumer complaints outside the Management Programs The Office of jurisdiction of the Department of Justice. Management Programs provides Immigration Litigation The Office of management and administrative services Immigration Litigation is responsible for to the Division, including policy analysis conducting civil litigation under the and planning, administrative Immigration and Nationality Act (8 management, budget formulation and U.S.C. 1101) and related laws and for execution, management information representing the United States in civil systems, office automation, and litigation brought against employees of automated litigation support.

For further information, contact the Office of the Assistant Attorney General, Civil Division, Department of Justice, Tenth Street and Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20530. Phone, 202–514–3301.

Civil Rights Division Coordination and Review Section This The Civil Rights Division, headed by an Section coordinates the enforcement by Assistant Attorney General, was Federal agencies of various civil rights established in 1957 to secure effective statutes that prohibit discrimination on Federal enforcement of civil rights. The the basis of race, color, national origin, Division is the primary institution within sex, and religion in programs and the Federal Government responsible for activities that receive Federal financial enforcing Federal statutes prohibiting assistance. The Section also conducts discrimination on the basis of race, sex, compliance reviews and investigates disability, religion, and national origin. complaints of discrimination on the basis The Division is composed of the of race, color, national origin, sex, age, following Sections: and religion in the services and activities Appellate Section The Appellate of recipients of Federal financial Section handles civil rights cases in the assistance from the Department of courts of appeals and, in cooperation Justice. The Section is taking the lead with the Solicitor General, in the role in implementing the President’s Supreme Court. The Section frequently initiative, announced in June 1997, to participates in amicus curiae cases that reinvigorate the enforcement of title IX of affect the Division, and provides counsel the Education Amendments of 1972 (20 to the Department on civil rights and U.S.C. 1681 et seq.). appellate litigation. It handles all appeals Criminal Section Under the Federal from both favorable and adverse criminal civil rights statutes, the Criminal judgments in which the Government Section prosecutes conduct involving participates. conspiracies to interfere with federally

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protected rights, deprivation of rights Educational Opportunities Section The under color of law, the use of force or Educational Opportunities Section threat of force to injure or intimidate enforces title IV of the Civil Rights Act of someone in their enjoyment of specific 1964 and the Equal Educational rights (such as voting, housing, Opportunities Act of 1974. In addition, it employment, education, public facilities, represents the Department of Education and accommodations), interference with in certain suits filed against and on the free exercise of religious beliefs or behalf of the Secretary of Education. The damage to religious property, and the Section closely monitors approximately holding of a worker in a condition of 400 school districts operating under slavery or involuntary servitude. More desegregation court orders. recently, the Section began enforcing the Employment Litigation Section The criminal aspects of the new Freedom of Employment Litigation Section enforces Access to Clinic Entrances Act (FACE). the provisions of title VII of the Civil This statute prohibits conduct intended Rights Act of 1964, as amended, and to injure, intimidate, or interfere with other Federal laws prohibiting persons seeking to obtain or provide employment practices that discriminate reproductive services. Also, a task force on the grounds of race, sex, religion, and staffed by attorneys from both the national origin, as they apply to State Criminal and Civil Rights Divisions was and local government employers. created by the Attorney General to Housing and Civil Enforcement Section determine if there is any organized The Housing and Civil Enforcement criminal effort to commit violence upon Section has principal responsibility for abortion providers. The National Church enforcing the Fair Housing Act of 1968, Arson Task Force created in June 1996 is as amended, which prohibits a joint effort of Federal, State, and local discrimination in housing on the basis of law enforcement in investigating race, color, religion, sex, national origin, incidents of arson at houses of worship disability, and familial status. The act and apprehending and prosecuting those allows the Section to bring cases on responsible. behalf of individuals where a complaint Disability Rights Section This Section is filed with the Department of Housing (previously the Public Access Section) and Urban Development (HUD). enforces titles I, II, and III of the Additionally, the Section enforces the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 Equal Credit Opportunity Act, which (ADA) and Department of Justice prohibits discrimination in credit regulations implementing these transactions; and title II of the Civil provisions, provides technical assistance Rights Act of 1964, which prohibits to entities covered by the ADA and to discrimination in places of public persons protected by the ADA, and accommodations, such as hotels, coordinates the technical assistance restaurants, and places of entertainment. efforts of all Federal agencies with Office of Special Counsel for technical assistance responsibilities Immigration Related Unfair Employment under the ADA. The Section also Practices The Office of Special Counsel certifies that State or local building for Immigration Related Unfair codes meet or exceed the requirements Employment Practices was established of the ADA. In addition, the Section is pursuant to section 102 of the responsible for carrying out the Immigration Reform and Control Act of Department’s responsibilities under 1986 (8 U.S.C. 1324b). The Special section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of Counsel is responsible for investigating 1973. For the ADA Information Line, and prosecuting charges of national phone 800–514–0301 (voice) or 800– origin and citizenship status 514–0383 (TDD). ADA information is discrimination in hiring, firing, or also available through the Internet, at recruitment. Jurisdiction over national http://www.usdoj.gov/crt/ada/ origin charges is limited to those not adahom1.htm/. covered by the Equal Employment

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Opportunity Commission. Jurisdiction overseas citizens, persons who change over citizenship status is exclusive. their residence shortly before a The Special Counsel files complaints Presidential election, and persons 18 to before an administrative law judge based 20 years of age. on charges filed with this Office or on its Under section 2 of the Voting Rights own independent investigations. Appeals Act, the Section brings lawsuits to of administrative decisions are to the remedy discriminatory election practices. U.S. Courts of Appeals. In addition, the Special Counsel Under section 5 of the Voting Rights Act, coordinates with the Immigration and the Section reviews voting changes Naturalization Service, the Equal submitted to the Attorney General and Employment Opportunity Commission, defends section 5 litigation in court to and other Federal agencies in promoting assure that redistricting plans and other public awareness of the changes in voting practices and antidiscrimination provisions of the act, procedures do not abridge the right to through employer and public interest vote of racial or language minorities. conferences, public service Under section 8 of the Voting Rights Act, announcements, and nationwide the Attorney General requests the distribution of enforcement information. assignment of Federal observers—who Special Litigation Section The Special generally are employees of the Office of Litigation Section is responsible for Personnel Management—to monitor protecting the constitutional and statutory rights of persons confined in polling place activities on election day certain institutions owned or operated by to document and deter discriminatory State or local governments, including practices. facilities for individuals with mental and Administrative Management Section developmental disabilities, nursing This Section supports the Division by homes, prisons, jails, and juvenile providing a diverse array of management detention facilities where a pattern or and technical services, including practice of violations exist. This authority personnel administration, budget is granted by the Civil Rights of formulation and execution, facilities Institutionalized Persons Act. The Section services, mail and file operations, is also responsible for civil enforcement litigation support, office automation, provisions of the Freedom of Access to databases, and geographic information Clinic Entrances Act (FACE) which system support. This Section also prohibits force or the threat of force for contains the Freedom of Information/ the purpose of interfering with the Privacy Act Branch, which ensures that provision of reproductive services; and the Division complies with all aspects of the police misconduct provision of the the Freedom of Information and Privacy Violent Crime Control and Law Acts. Enforcement Act of 1994, which gives the Attorney General authority to remedy Another component of the patterns and practices of misconduct by Administrative Management Section is certain law enforcement authorities. the Office of Redress Administration Voting Section The Voting Section is (ORA), which implements the responsible for the enforcement of the responsibilities given to the Attorney Voting Rights Act of 1965, the Voting General under section 105 of the Civil Accessibility for the Elderly and Liberties Act of 1988. The Act provides Handicapped Act, the Uniformed and for redress to American citizens and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act, permanent resident aliens of Japanese the National Voter Registration Act of ancestry who were evacuated, relocated, 1993, and other statutory provisions and interned by the United States during designed to safeguard the right to vote of racial and language minorities, illiterate World War II. ORA’s functions will end persons, individuals with disabilities, August 10, 1998. For further information

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about ORA, phone 888–219–6900 (toll- for the courts of appeals and provides free). advice on Speedy Trial Act [of 1974] For further information, contact the Executive problems and a variety of other legal Officer, Civil Rights Division, Department of issues. Justice, P.O. Box 65310, Washington, DC 20035– Asset Forfeiture/Money Laundering 5310. Phone, 202–514–4224. Internet, http:// Section The Section provides www.usdoj.gov/crt. centralized management for the Department’s asset forfeiture program to Criminal Division ensure its integrity and maximize its law The Criminal Division develops, enforcement potential, while also enforces, and supervises the application providing managerial direction to the of all Federal criminal laws, except those Department’s components concerned specifically assigned to other divisions. with money laundering. The Section The Division and the 93 U.S. attorneys initiates, coordinates, and reviews are responsible for overseeing criminal legislative and policy proposals matters under more than 900 statutes, as impacting on the asset forfeiture program well as certain civil litigation. In addition and money laundering enforcement and to its direct litigation responsibilities, the serves as the Department’s contact for Division formulates and implements Congress, other executive branch criminal enforcement policy and agencies, and State and local law provides advice and assistance. The enforcement agencies. Division approves or monitors sensitive The Section works with the entire areas of law enforcement such as spectrum of law enforcement and participation in the Witness Security regulatory agencies using an interagency, Program and the use of electronic interdisciplinary, and international surveillance; advises the Attorney approach. The Section is mandated to General, Congress, the Office of coordinate multidistrict investigations Management and Budget, and the White and prosecutions; develop regulatory House of matters of criminal law; and legislative initiatives; ensure the provides legal advice and assistance to uniform application of forfeiture and Federal prosecutors and investigative money laundering statutes; litigate agencies; and provides leadership for complex, sensitive, and multidistrict coordinating international as well as cases; and provide litigation assistance to Federal, State, and local law the U.S. attorneys’ offices and Criminal enforcement matters. Division components. Office of Administration The Office of The Section oversees asset forfeiture Administration performs a wide range of and money laundering training and administrative and managerial functions conducts seminars for Federal for the components of the Criminal prosecutors, investigating agents, and Division, including budget preparation law enforcement personnel. It also and execution, personnel actions, produces legal publications and training computer support services, mail and materials to enhance its legal support records services, procurement, and functions. security. The Section also adjudicates all Appellate Section The Appellate petitions for remission or mitigation of Section prepares draft briefs and forfeited assets in judicial forfeiture certiorari petitions for the Solicitor cases, administers the Weed and Seed General to be filed in the U.S. Supreme Program and the Equitable Sharing Court; makes recommendations to the Program, and oversees the approval of Solicitor General as to whether further the placement of forfeited property into review on adverse decisions in the official use by Federal agencies. district courts and courts of appeals is Child Exploitation and Obscenity The necessary; and prepares briefs and Child Exploitation and Obscenity Section argues cases in the courts of appeals. (CEOS) is responsible for overseeing the The Section assists U.S. attorneys and Federal response to child sexual abuse Division prosecutors in preparing briefs and exploitation. In carrying out these

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duties, CEOS attorneys work with U.S. that involve: multidistrict and attorneys’ offices and participate in the international activities; financial prosecution of violations of Federal law institutions; the insurance industry; involving child sexual exploitation, child Government programs and procurement sexual abuse on Federal lands (Indian procedures, including health care country, U.S. military installations, and providers, defense procurement fraud, U.S. parks, prisons, and buildings), child and Housing and Urban Development pornography, activities under the Mann fraud; the securities and commodities Act, and interstate and foreign exchanges; and multidistrict schemes commerce and mailing of obscene that involve consumer victimization, materials. CEOS attorneys also work with such as telemarketing. The Section Federal law enforcement officers to conducts investigations and prosecutes identify major offenders of the applicable on its own about 100 fraud cases of statutes and coordinate national national significance or great complexity investigative efforts. In addition to the annually. It also assists U.S. attorneys case litigation by Section attorneys, with cases, where requested. The Section CEOS provides training to assistant U.S. maintains a regional Bank Fraud Task attorneys and Federal law enforcement Force field office in Boston, MA. The agents as well as substantial assistance to Section also trains Federal agents and U.S. attorneys’ offices in the prosecution prosecutors through its conferences and and appeals of such cases. participation in other Federal Since CEOS’s formation in 1987, it has conferences. directed a substantial amount of its Computer Crime and Intellectual resources to the prosecution of child Property The Computer Crime and pornography. Working with the U.S. Intellectual Property Section (CCIP) is Postal Inspection Service and U.S. responsible for implementing the Customs Service, CEOS has coordinated Department’s Computer Crime Initiative, and helped with several successful a comprehensive program designed to undercover efforts to identify and address the growing global computer prosecute child pornography users. crime problem and ensure the Programs have also targeted the illegal appropriate protection of intellectual importation, distribution, sale, and property rights (copyrights, trademarks, possession of child pornography by and trade secrets). Section attorneys are computer. actively working with other Government CEOS participates in the development of legislative proposals and policy to agencies, the private sector (including address issues such as child pornography hardware and software vendors and and child molestation through telecommunications companies), computers; child prostitution; technical academic institutions, and foreign corrections to existing Federal laws on officials to develop a global response to child pornography and sexual abuse; cyber attacks and protect intellectual and changes to sentencing guidelines for property. These attorneys litigate cases, these crimes. provide litigation support to other Further, CEOS is responsible for prosecutors, train Federal law protection of the rights of children under enforcement personnel, comment upon the child victim-witness provisions of the and propose legislation, and coordinate Federal criminal code and under the international efforts to combat computer Child Support Recovery Act. It has also crime and thefts of intellectual property. been designated as the legal advisor to They also provide assistance in resolving the Morgan P. Hardiman Missing and the unique issues raised by emerging Exploited Children Task Force. computer and telecommunications Fraud The Fraud Section, the largest technologies. component of the Criminal Division, Internal Security The Internal Security directs and coordinates the Federal effort Section supervises the investigation and against fraud and white-collar crime, prosecution of cases affecting national focusing primarily on complex frauds security, foreign relations, and the export

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of military and strategic commodities The Section plays a central and technology. The Section has coordinating role in a number of multi- exclusive responsibility for authorizing district, multi-agency initiatives and the prosecution of cases under criminal prosecutions, including the Southwest statutes relating to espionage, sabotage, Border Initiative (SWBI), the neutrality, and atomic energy. It provides Department’s priority narcotics legal advice to U.S. attorneys’ offices enforcement program targeting major and investigative agencies on all matters Mexican trafficking organizations. The within its area of responsibility, which Litigation Unit provides direct trial and includes 88 Federal statutes affecting appellate litigation support to U.S. national security. It also coordinates attorneys nationwide, with emphasis on criminal cases involving the application prosecutions that support the OCDETF, of the Classified Information Procedures HIDTA, and SWBI programs. These Act. The Section also administers and attorneys also litigate appeals arising enforces the Foreign Agents Registration from cases prosecuted by NDDS Act of 1938 and related disclosure attorneys and denials or revocations of statutes. controlled substance registrations by the Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs The Drug Enforcement Administrator. Narcotic and Dangerous Drug Section Enforcement Operations The Office of (NDDS) has supervisory jurisdiction of Enforcement Operations oversees the use those statutes pertaining to controlled of the most sophisticated investigative substances. Section attorneys participate tools at the Department’s disposal. It in the development and implementation reviews all Federal electronic of domestic and international narcotics surveillance requests and requests to law enforcement programs and policies, apply for court orders permitting the use and provide direct litigation support to of video surveillance; provides legal the Organized Crime Drug Enforcement advice to Federal, State, and local law Task Force (OCDETF) and High Intensity enforcement agencies on the use of Drug Trafficking Area (HIDTA) programs, Federal electronic surveillance statutes; to the Southwest Border and other multi- and assists in developing Department agency initiatives, and to U.S. attorneys policy on emerging technologies and in recusal matters or in cases where the telecommunications issues. It authorizes Section’s expertise is requested. NDDS or denies the entry of all applicants into attorneys represent the Department in the Federal Witness Security Program developing and administering other (WSP), coordinates and administers cooperative drug enforcement strategies, matters relating to all aspects of the WSP initiatives, and projects conducted by the among all program components, and law enforcement and intelligence approves or denies requests by Federal communities. agencies to utilize Federal prisoners for The Section Chief serves as the investigative purposes. The Office Department’s designated representative approves or reviews matters such as on several senior level committees of the witness immunity requests, transfer of prisoners to and from foreign countries intelligence and law enforcement to serve the remainder of their prison communities that plan and coordinate sentences, attorney and press subpoenas, joint international counternarcotics applications for S-visa status, and initiatives. Additionally, the Chief acts as disclosure of grand jury information. It the designated representative of the provides legal advice and assistance in a Federal Government in the wide variety of matters, such as crimes implementation of the joint U.S.- affecting government operations, mental Colombia evidence sharing initiative, competency and insanity, interstate intended to facilitate the successful property crimes, and crimes in Indian investigation and prosecution of major country. The Office processes all Colombian narcotics traffickers in requests for Criminal Division records Colombia. made pursuant to the Freedom of

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Information Act and the Privacy Act, and caseload statistics, and other criminal assists U.S. attorneys’ offices in justice system information for various advocating the Division’s position in decisionmakers within the Department. civil litigation filed under these statutes. Office of Overseas Prosecutorial It registers entities as required by the Development, Assistance, and Gambling Devices Act of 1962. Training The mission of the Office of International Affairs The Office of Overseas Prosecutorial Development, International Affairs supports the Assistance, and Training (OPDAT) is to Department’s legal divisions, the U.S. assist prosecutors and judicial personnel attorneys, and State and local in other countries to develop and sustain prosecutors regarding questions of democratic criminal justice institutions. foreign and international law, including To further the Department’s interest in issues related to extradition and mutual fostering the fair and efficient legal assistance treaties. The Office also administration of justice abroad, OPDAT coordinates all international evidence promotes the rule of law and regard for gathering. In conjunction with the State human rights; assists nations, especially Department, the Office engages in the emerging democracies, to build and negotiation of new extradition and maintain viable criminal justice mutual legal assistance treaties and institutions; and focuses on transnational executive agreements throughout the criminal matters. Currently, OPDAT world. Office attorneys also participate provides long-term rule-of-law on a number of committees established assistance, using resident legal advisers, under the auspices of the United Nations in Colombia, Haiti, Latvia, Poland, and and other international organizations that Russia. OPDAT also serves as the Justice are directed at resolving a variety of Department’s liaison between various international law enforcement problems, private and public agencies that sponsor such as narcotics trafficking and money visits to the United States by foreign laundering. The Office maintains a officials and other visitors who study permanent field office in Rome. aspects of the U.S. legal system. This Policy and Legislation The legislative opportunity for comparative law dialog component of the Office of Policy and with foreign experts aids the Department Legislation (OPL) develops legislative in its efforts to promote mutual legal proposals, legal memoranda, and assistance. congressional testimony. It also prepares Organized Crime and Racketeering comments on pending legislation The Organized Crime and Racketeering affecting the Federal criminal justice Section coordinated the Department’s system, works closely with the U.S. program to combat organized crime. The Sentencing Commission on a variety of principal enforcement efforts are sentencing-related issues, and provides currently directed against traditional legal support to the Advisory Committee groups, such as La Cosa Nostra families, on Criminal Rules and Evidence of the and emerging groups from Asia and Judicial Conference regarding the Europe, such as Chinese Triads, the Federal rules of criminal procedure and Sicilian Mafia, and Russian organized the Federal rules of evidence. crime. The Section supervises the The policy component of OPL investigation and prosecution of these analyzes policy and management issues cases by Strike Force Units within U.S. related to criminal law enforcement and attorneys’ offices in 21 Federal districts the criminal justice system. It identifies having a significant organized crime problems and emerging trends; develops presence. These cases involve a broad options and recommendations; and spectrum of criminal statutes, including provides research, technical, and extortion, murder, bribery, fraud, management support to the Assistant narcotics, and labor racketeering. Attorney General and other Division and The Section is involved in setting Department policy makers. The policy national priorities for the organized staff also analyzes crime data, Federal crime program by coordinating with

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investigative agencies such as the international and domestic terrorism. Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Drug This includes the investigation and Enforcement Administration, and others; prosecution of acts of terrorism occurring and by working with the Attorney anywhere in the world which impact General’s Organized Crime Council, significant U.S. interests. The Section which is ultimately responsible for the coordinates the systematic collection and Federal Government’s policy in this area. analysis of data related to the In addition to its close supervision of investigation and prosecution of all Federal organized crime cases, the domestic terrorism cases, thereby Section maintains close control over all facilitating prevention of terrorist activity Government uses of the Racketeer through early detection. The Section Influenced and Corrupt Organizations coordinates interagency efforts to (RICO) statute, and provides extensive designate international terrorist advice to prosecutors about the use of organizations and their agents and to this powerful tool for cases involving investigate and prosecute support of patterns of serious criminal conduct. such organizations. The Section also In a more specialized context, the oversees the prosecution of domestic Section provides support for criminal violent crime offenses for which Federal prosecutions involving labor- jurisdiction exists, as well as the management disputes, the internal affairs prosecution of firearms and explosives of labor unions in the private sector, and the operation of employee pension and violations. In appropriate instances, welfare benefit plans. The Section Section attorneys assume direct maintains a cadre of experienced responsibility for the prosecution of prosecutors in its Litigation Unit who violent crime cases. The Section assists travel as needed to prosecute or assist in in the implementation of an initiative the prosecution of organized crime cases designed to deter criminals from in the various U.S. attorneys’ offices, possessing firearms by using Federal particularly in multi-defendant RICO firearms laws which generally provide cases, especially in the field of labor longer, and often mandatory, sentences racketeering. for gun offenses. Additionally, the Public Integrity The Public Integrity Section administers the national anti- Section oversees the Federal effort to violent-crime strategy, which focuses combat corruption through the particular attention on the investigation prosecution of elected and appointed and prosecution of gang-related crimes. public officials at all levels of Section attorneys provide legal advice to Government. The Section has exclusive Federal prosecutors concerning Federal jurisdiction over allegations of criminal statutes relating to murder, assault, misconduct by Federal judges, and also kidnapping, threats, robbery, weapons monitors the investigation and and explosives control, malicious prosecution of election and conflict of destruction of property, and aircraft and interest crimes. Section attorneys sea piracy. The Section also formulates prosecute selected cases against Federal, legislative initiatives and Department State, and local officials, and are policies relating to terrorism and violent available as a source of advice and crime, and coordinates such initiatives expertise to other prosecutors and to and strategies with other Government investigators. Since 1978, the Section agencies. has supervised the administration of the Executive Office for the Organized Independent Counsel provisions of the Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force Ethics in Government Act. The Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Terrorism and Violent Crime The Task Force (OCDETF) is a Federal drug Terrorism and Violent Crime Section is enforcement program that focuses responsible for the design, attention and resources on the disruption implementation, and support of law and dismantling of major drug trafficking enforcement efforts, legislative initiatives, organizations. The Task Force provides a policies, and strategies relating to framework for Federal, State, and local

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law enforcement agencies to work goals and objectives are determined by together to target well-established and U.S. interests in promoting democracy complex organizations that direct, and respect for human rights. Project finance, or engage in illegal narcotics activities are determined by trafficking and related crimes, including administration priorities, an ever- money laundering and tax violations, changing world situation, and budgeting public corruption, illegal immigration, limitations. ICITAP is unique among weapons violations, and violent crimes. Federal law enforcement assistance The program has been in existence since programs in that its budget is totally 1982 and operates under the guidance based on project-specific funding and oversight of the Attorney General. provided to the Justice Department by Utilizing the resources and expertise of the State Department and the Agency for its 11 member Federal agencies, along International Development. with support from its State and local law For further information, contact the Office of the enforcement partners, OCDETF has Assistant Attorney General, Criminal Division, contributed to the successful prosecution Department of Justice, Tenth Street and Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20530. and conviction of more than 44,000 Phone, 202–514–2601. members of criminal organizations and resulted in the seizure of cash and Environment and Natural Resources property assets totaling more than $3 Division billion. The Executive Office for OCDETF The Environment and Natural Resources Division, formerly known as the Land supports the work of over 2,500 Federal and Natural Resources Division, is the agents and prosecutors and Nation’s environmental lawyer. It is approximately 6,000 State and local law responsible for litigating cases ranging enforcement officers who participate in from protection of endangered species, OCDETF cases. The Executive Office, in to global climate change, to cleaning up conjunction with a council of the Nation’s hazardous waste sites. A Washington agency representatives, key Division responsibility is enforcing provides policy guidance and civil and criminal environmental laws in coordination, administrative order to protect its citizens’ health and management and support, collection and environment. The Division defends reporting of statistical information, and environmental challenges to Government budgetary planning, coordination, and activities and programs and ensures that disbursement. environmental laws are implemented in International Criminal Investigative a fair and consistent manner nationwide. Training Assistance Program Activities It also represents the United States in all of the International Criminal Investigative matters concerning the protection, use, Training Assistance Program (ICITAP) and development of the Nation’s natural encompass two principal types of resources and public lands, wildlife assistance projects: the development of protection, Indian rights and claims, and police forces and the reform of existing the acquisition of Federal property. To police forces in the context of carry out this broad mission, the international peacekeeping operations, Division is organized into nine sections and the enhancement of capabilities of described below. existing police forces in emerging Environmental Crimes The democracies. Assistance is based on Environmental Crimes Section prosecutes internationally recognized principles of individuals and corporate entities which human rights, the rule of law, and have violated laws designed to protect modern police practices. the environment. The Section works ICITAP programs are instituted at the closely with the Federal Bureau of request of the National Security Council Investigation and criminal investigators and the Department of State in from the Environmental Protection agreement with governments which have Agency (EPA) to enforce statutes such as requested assistance. The programs’ the Clean Air Act, the Comprehensive

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Environmental Response, Compensation, into wetlands to first obtain a permit and Liability Act (Superfund), and the from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Resource Conservation and Recovery If this requirement is not met, the Act, among others. Section files a civil action seeking civil Environmental Enforcement The penalties and injunctive relief against the Environmental Enforcement Section is violator. responsible for most of the affirmative Wildlife and Marine Resources The civil litigation brought on behalf of EPA; Wildlife and Marine Resources Section claims for damages to our natural tries both civil and criminal cases under resources filed on behalf of the Federal wildlife laws and other laws Departments of Interior, Commerce, and protecting marine fish and mammals. Agriculture; claims for contribution Prosecutions focus on smugglers and against private parties for contamination black-market dealers in protected of public land; and recoupment of wildlife. Civil litigation, particularly money spent to clean up certain oil under the Endangered Species Act, often spills on behalf of the United States sets the needs of protected species Coast Guard. The Section supports the against the economic interests of both regulatory programs of its client agencies the Federal Government and private through litigation to obtain compliance enterprise. with environmental statutes, establishes a General Litigation The General credible deterrent against violation of Litigation Section is primarily responsible those laws, recoups Federal funds spent for litigation involving the use and to abate environmental contamination, protection of federally owned public and obtains funds to restore or replace lands and natural resources. Its varied natural resources damaged through oil docket comprises cases arising under spills or the release of hazardous more than 80 different land management substances into the environment. The and natural resource statutes including primary statutes within the Section’s the National Environmental Policy Act, scope of responsibility are: the the Federal Land Policy Management Comprehensive Environmental Response, Act, and the National Historic Compensation, and Liability Act Preservation Act. Cases address such (Superfund); the Clean Air Act; the Clean issues as water rights, land use plans, Water Act; the Resource Conservation timber and mineral production, and Recovery Act; the Safe Drinking landowner compensation, and trust Water Act; and the Oil Pollution Act of obligations to Indian tribes. 1990. Indian Resources The Indian Resources Environmental Defense The Section represents the United States in its Environmental Defense Section trust capacity for Indian tribes. These represents the United States, principally suits include establishing water rights, EPA, in suits challenging the establishing and protecting hunting and Government’s administration of Federal fishing rights, collecting damages for environmental laws. The lawsuits, which trespass on Indian lands, and arise in Federal district and appellate establishing reservation boundaries and courts, include claims by industries that rights to land. regulations are too strict, claims by Land Acquisition The Land Acquisition environmental groups that Federal Section is responsible for acquiring land, standards are too lax, and claims by either by direct purchase or through States and citizens alleging that Federal condemnation proceedings, for use by agencies are out of compliance with the Federal Government for purposes environmental standards. The Section ranging from establishing public parks to also handles both defensive and creating missile sites. The Section enforcement litigation involving the attorneys seek to implement the wetlands program under section 404 of protection of the fifth amendment in a the Clean Water Act. This requires way which is fair to both property persons wishing to fill or discharge waste owners and taxpayers. The legal and

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factual issues in such cases can include Tax Division the power of the Federal Government to The primary mission of the Tax Division condemn property under specific acts of is to enforce the Nation’s tax laws in Congress; ascertainment of the fair Federal and State courts and thereby market value of property sought by the generate revenue for the Federal Federal Government; applicability of Government. The Division conducts local zoning regulations and problems enforcement activities to deter specific related to subdivisions; capitalization of taxpayers, as well as the taxpaying income; and the admissibility of public at large, from conduct that evidence. deprives the Federal Government of its Policy, Legislation, and Special tax-related revenue. Litigation The Policy, Legislation, and The Tax Division was established Special Litigation Section advises and under Executive Order 6166 of June 10, assists the Assistant Attorney General on 1933, which called for the consolidated control of all tax litigation in the policy issues including coordination of Department of Justice. In November the Division’s international and 1933, the Attorney General issued environmental justice activities. The Circular No. 2494 creating the Division Section directs the Division’s legislative and charging it with the duty of program, including testimony of Division representing the Government in internal managers before congressional revenue cases. committees, and representation of the The Division represents the United Department in meetings with States and its officers in all civil and congressional staff and on interagency criminal litigation arising under the groups that develop the administration’s internal revenue laws, other than position on legislation proposed or proceedings in the United States Tax passed by Congress. The Section also Court. While the Division’s primary litigates amicus cases, undertakes client is the Internal Revenue Service, it specially assigned litigation projects at also represents Federal officials and the trial and appellate levels, serves as employees in actions arising out of the performance of their official duties, as the Division’s ethics office, and responds well as representing other Federal to citizen requests under the Freedom of departments and agencies in their Information Act. dealings with State and local tax Appeals The Appellate Section is authorities. In civil tax litigation the responsible for handling all appeals in Division’s responsibility involves cases in cases initially tried in lower courts by the United States District Courts, the any of the sections within the Division. United States Court of Federal Claims, In addition, the Section drafts the briefs the United States Courts of Appeals, and for all Division cases which reach the the U. S. Supreme Court, as well as Supreme Court and formulates cases in the State courts. recommendations to the Solicitor The Division represents the United General that seek authority to appeal States in many different types of unfavorable decisions. disputes, both civil and criminal, dealing Executive Office The Executive Office with the interpretation of Federal tax laws. For example, when the Internal serves as administrator to the Division, Revenue Service challenges a tax return providing financial management, and determines a deficiency, the personnel, planning, procurement, office taxpayer may pay the full amount of tax automation, and automated litigation assessed and then bring a suit against the support services. Government for refund. The Division For further information, contact the Office of the defends the Government in these refund Assistant Attorney General, Environment and actions. Natural Resources Division, Department of Justice, Other areas of civil litigation in which Tenth Street and Pennsylvania Avenue NW., the Division is involved on behalf of the Washington, DC 20530. Phone, 202–514–2701. Federal Government include:

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—suits brought by individuals to prosecution of all criminal offenses foreclose mortgages or to quiet title to committed under the internal revenue property in which the United States is laws, including attempts to evade and named as a party defendant because of defeat taxes, willful failures to file returns the existence of a Federal tax lien on the and to pay taxes, filing false returns and property; other deceptive documents, making false —suits brought by the United States to statements to revenue officials, and other collect unpaid assessments, to foreclose Federal tax liens or determine the miscellaneous offenses involving internal priority of such liens, to obtain revenue matters. These duties include judgments against delinquent taxpayers, the institution of criminal proceedings to enforce summonses, and to establish and collaboration with U.S. attorneys in tax claims in bankruptcy, receivership, the conduct of litigation in the trial and or probate proceedings; appellate courts. Further, Division —proceedings involving mandamus, attorneys frequently conduct grand jury injunctions, and other specific writs investigations and actual trials of arising in connection with internal criminal tax cases, often as a result of revenue matters; requests for assistance by the appropriate —suits against Internal Revenue U.S. attorney. In its efforts to deter Service employees for damages claimed because of alleged injuries caused in the willful deception through prosecution of performance of their official duties; criminal offenders, the Division also —suits against the Secretary of the plays a significant role in curbing Treasury, the Commissioner of Internal organized crime, public corruption, Revenue, or similar officials to test the narcotics trafficking, and financial validity of regulations or rulings not in institution fraud. the context of a specific refund action; The primary functions of the Division —suits brought by the United States to are to aid the Internal Revenue Service enjoin the promotion of abusive tax shelters and to enjoin activities relating in collecting the Federal revenue and to to aiding and abetting the establish principles of law that will serve understatement of tax liabilities of others; as guidelines to taxpayers and their —suits brought by taxpayers for a representatives, as well as to the Internal judicial determination of the Revenue Service, in the administration of reasonableness of a jeopardy or the Internal Revenue Code. As a result, termination assessment and the coordination with the Internal Revenue appropriateness of the amount; Service’s administrative policies and the —proceedings brought against the Tax Treasury Department’s legislative tax Division and the Internal Revenue concerns in developing litigating Service for disclosure of information postures is essential. under the Freedom of Information Act; and The Division also provides input into —intergovernmental immunity suits in the preparation of reports to the which the United States resists attempts Congress, the Office of Management and to apply a State or local tax to some Budget, and the Office of Legislative activity or property of the United States. Affairs on pending or proposed The Division also collects judgments legislation and monitors congressional in tax cases. To this end, the Division activities with respect to matters of directs collection efforts and coordinates interest to the Division. with, monitors the efforts of, and provides assistance to the various United In accordance with the Attorney States attorneys’ offices in collecting General’s program to enhance the outstanding judgments in tax cases. litigating skills of Department attorneys, With respect to criminal tax litigation, the Division conducts training programs the Division prosecutes or supervises the for its attorneys, with special emphasis

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on matters unique to tax litigation and the development of advocacy skills. For further information, contact the Office of the Assistant Attorney General, Tax Division, Department of Justice, Tenth Street and Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20530. Phone, 202–514–2901. Internet, http:// www.usdoj.gov/tax/.

Bureaus Federal Bureau of Investigation separate divisions, a Deputy Director, an Office of the General Counsel, an Office 935 Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington, of Public and Congressional Affairs, an DC 20535. Phone, 202–324–3000 Office of Equal Employment Opportunity Affairs, an Office of Professional The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Responsibility, and a Director’s staff. is the principal investigative arm of the The Bureau’s investigations are United States Department of Justice. It is conducted through 56 field offices. Most charged with gathering and reporting of its investigative personnel are trained facts, locating witnesses, and compiling at the FBI Academy in Quantico, VA. evidence in cases involving Federal jurisdiction. For further information, contact the Office of The Federal Bureau of Investigation Public and Congressional Affairs, Federal Bureau of was established in 1908 by the Attorney Investigation, J. Edgar Hoover F.B.I. Building, 935 Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20535. General, who directed that Department Phone, 202–324–2727. of Justice investigations be handled by its own staff. The Bureau is charged with Bureau of Prisons investigating all violations of Federal law except those that have been assigned by 320 First Street NW., Washington, DC 20534. legislative enactment or otherwise to Phone, 202–307–3198 another Federal agency. Its jurisdiction The mission of the Bureau of Prisons is includes a wide range of responsibilities to protect society by confining offenders in the criminal, civil, and security fields. in the controlled environments of prisons Priority has been assigned to the five and community-based facilities that are areas that affect society the most: safe, humane, and appropriately secure, organized crime/drugs, counterterrorism, and which provide work and other self- white-collar crime, foreign improvement opportunities to assist counterintelligence, and violent crime. On January 28, 1982, the Attorney offenders in becoming law-abiding General assigned concurrent jurisdiction citizens. for the enforcement of the Controlled The Executive Office of the Director Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 801) to the provides overall direction for agency Bureau and the Drug Enforcement operations. In addition to typical Administration (DEA). The DEA administrative functions performed by an Administrator reports to the Attorney agency head, the Offices of General General through the FBI Director. Counsel, Program Review, and Internal The Bureau also offers cooperative Affairs are within the Office and report services such as fingerprint identification, to the Director. laboratory examination, police training, The Administration Division develops and the National Crime Information plans, programs, and policies concerning Center to duly authorized law the acquisition, construction, and staffing enforcement agencies. of new facilities, as well as budget The Bureau headquarters in development, financial management, Washington, DC, consists of nine procurement, and contracting.

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The Community Corrections and and Community Corrections Division are Detention Division is responsible for located in Washington, DC. Its Jails program development and contracts Division, Training Academy, and relating to community-based and Information Center are located in detention programs, as well as Longmont, CO. privatization and citizen participation. The Bureau is subdivided into six The Correctional Programs Division is geographic regions, each staffed with responsible for managing the field-qualified personnel who are correctional services (security) operations responsible for policy development and in Bureau institutions and case and unit oversight, providing operational management, as well as religious and guidance to field locations, and psychological services, drug treatment providing support functions in areas such programs, programs for special needs as auditing, technical assistance, budget, offenders, and inmate systems. and personnel. Each regional office is Federal Prison Industries (trade name headed by an experienced career Bureau UNICOR) is a wholly owned manager who is a full member of the Government corporation whose mission Bureau’s executive staff. is to provide employment and training opportunities for inmates confined in For further information, contact the Public Information Officer, Bureau of Prisons, Department Federal correctional facilities. UNICOR of Justice, Washington, DC 20534. Phone, 202– manufactures a wide range of items— 307–3198. from executive and systems furniture to electronics, textiles, and graphics/ United States Marshals Service signage. Services performed by UNICOR’s inmates include data entry, 600 Army Navy Drive, Arlington, VA 22202– printing, and furniture refinishing. The 4210. Phone, 202–307–9000 corporation funds selected preindustrial, The United States Marshals Service is the vocational, and experimental training Nation’s oldest Federal law enforcement programs. agency, having served as a vital link The Health Services Division has between the executive and judicial oversight responsibility for all medical branches of the Government since 1789. and psychiatric programs; environmental Today, the Presidentially appointed and occupational health services; food marshals and their support staff of and nutrition services; and farm approximately 4,300 deputy marshals operations. and administrative personnel operate The Human Resource Management from more than 400 office locations in Division provides personnel, training, all 94 Federal judicial districts and labor management within the agency. Its functions also include pay nationwide, from Guam to Puerto Rico, and position management and and from Alaska to Florida. recruitment. The Marshals Service performs tasks The Information, Policy, and Public that are essential to the operation of Affairs Division encompasses the virtually every aspect of the Federal Bureau’s Information Systems; Research justice system. The Service is responsible and Evaluation; Security Technology; for: Office of Public Affairs; and Office of —providing support and protection for Policy and Information Resource the Federal courts, including security for Management. 800 judicial facilities and nearly 2,000 The National Institute of Corrections judges and magistrates, as well as provides technical assistance, countless other trial participants such as information services, and training for jurors and attorneys; State and local corrections agencies —apprehending the majority of all throughout the country. It also provides Federal fugitives; technical assistance for selected foreign —operating the Federal Witness governments. The Institute’s Security program, ensuring the safety of administrative offices, Prison Division, endangered government witnesses;

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—maintaining custody of and police of the member countries, and transporting thousands of Federal provides a forum for discussions, prisoners annually; working group meetings, and symposia —executing court orders and arrest to enable police to focus on specific warrants; areas of criminal activity affecting their —managing and selling seized countries. property forfeited to the Government by United States participation in drug traffickers and other criminals, and INTERPOL began in 1938 by assisting the Justice Department’s asset congressional authorization, designating forfeiture program; the Attorney General as the official —responding to emergency representative to the organization. circumstances, including civil INTERPOL operations were interrupted disturbances, terrorist incidents, and during World War II, but resumed in other crisis situations, through its Special 1947. Operations Group, and restoring order in The Attorney General officially riot and mob-violence situations; and designated the Secretary of the Treasury —operating the U.S. Marshals Service as the U.S. representative to INTERPOL Training Academy. in 1958, and the U.S. National Central The Director of the U.S. Marshals Bureau was established within the Service, who is appointed by the Treasury Department in 1969. In 1977, President, supervises the operations of an arrangement was effected between the Service throughout the United States Justice and Treasury officials establishing and its territories, assisted by the Deputy dual authority in administering USNCB. Director, nine Assistant Directors, and a This Memorandum of Understanding General Counsel. designates the Attorney General as the For further information, contact the Office of permanent representative to INTERPOL Congressional and Public Affairs, U.S. Marshals and the Secretary of the Treasury as the Service, Department of Justice, Suite 1260, 600 alternate representative. Army Navy Drive, Arlington, VA 22202. Phone, 202–307–9065. Internet, http://www.usdoj.gov/ The Bureau operates through marshals/. cooperative efforts with Federal, State, and local law enforcement agencies. United States National Central Programs and initiatives, such as the Bureau–International Criminal State Liaison Program and the Canadian Police Organization Interface Project, broaden the scope of U.S. investigative resources to include Washington, DC 20530. Phone, 202–616– the international community, thus 9000 forming an integral part of the United The U.S. National Central Bureau States efforts to confront the problem of (USNCB) represents the United States in international crime. INTERPOL, the International Criminal Federal and State law enforcement Police Organization. Also known as agencies represented at the USNCB INTERPOL—Washington, USNCB include the Federal Bureau of provides an essential communications Investigation; U.S. Marshals Service; link between the U.S. police community Drug Enforcement Administration; and their counterparts in the foreign Immigration and Naturalization Service; member countries. U.S. Customs Service; U.S. Secret INTERPOL is an association of 177 Service; Internal Revenue Service; countries dedicated to promoting mutual Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and assistance among law enforcement Firearms; Office of the Comptroller of authorities in the prevention and the Currency; Office of the Inspector suppression of international crime. With General, Department of Agriculture; U.S. no police force of its own, INTERPOL Postal Inspection Service; Bureau of has no powers of arrest or search and Diplomatic Security, Department of seizure. Instead, INTERPOL serves as a State; Federal Law Enforcement Training channel of communication among the Center; Financial Crimes Enforcement

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Network; Environmental Protection district offices in Bangkok, Thailand; Agency; and the Maryland State Police. Mexico City, Mexico; and Rome, Italy. Under the State Liaison Program, The Service carries out its mission States establish an office within their through operational programs in own law enforcement community to adjudications and nationality, serve as liaison to USNCB. International inspections, investigations, and detention leads developed in criminal and deportation, as well as the U.S. investigations being conducted by a Border Patrol. These programs are State or local police entity can be divided into the following mission pursued through their Liaison Office, and responsibilities: criminal investigative requests from —facilitating entry of those legally abroad are funneled through the relevant admissible as visitors or immigrants to State liaison office for action by the the United States; appropriate State or local agency. All 50 —granting benefits under the States now participate in the liaison Immigration and Nationality Act, as program, which is currently coordinated amended, including providing assistance by a representative from the Maryland to those seeking asylum, temporary or State Police. permanent resident status, or USNCB has two sub-bureaus which naturalization; serve to more effectively address the law —preventing improper entry and the enforcement needs of U.S. territories. granting of benefits to those not legally The sub-bureaus are located in San Juan, entitled to them; Puerto Rico; and Pago Pago, American —apprehending and removing those Samoa. aliens who enter or remain illegally in the United States and/or whose stay is For further information, contact the U.S. National Central Bureau–INTERPOL, Washington, DC 20530. not in the public interest; and Phone, 202–616–9000. —Enforcing sanctions against those who act or conspire to subvert the Immigration and Naturalization requirements for selective and controlled Service entry, including sanctions against employers who knowingly hire aliens 425 I Street NW., Washington, DC 20536. not authorized to work in the United Phone, 202–514–4316, 4330, or 4354 States. The Service also has a firm [For the Immigration and Naturalization Service commitment to strengthen criminal statement of organization, see the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 8, Aliens and Nationality] investigations and seek the most effective deterrents to illegal immigration. The Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) was created by act of For further information, contact the Office of Information, Immigration and Naturalization March 3, 1891 (8 U.S.C. 1551 note), Service, Department of Justice, 425 I Street NW., and its purpose and responsibilities were Washington, DC 20536. Phone, 202–514–4316, further specified by the Immigration and 4330, or 4354. Nationality Act, as amended (8 U.S.C. 1101 note), which charges the Attorney Drug Enforcement Administration General with the administration and 600–700 Army Navy Drive, Arlington, VA enforcement of its provisions. The 22202. Phone, 202–307–1000; FTS, 367– Attorney General has delegated authority 1000 to the Commissioner of the Immigration and Naturalization service to carry out The Drug Enforcement Administration these provisions of immigration law. (DEA) is the lead Federal agency in Overall policy and executive direction enforcing narcotics and controlled flow from the Washington, DC, substances laws and regulations. It was headquarters office through 3 regional created in July 1973, by Reorganization offices to 33 district offices and 21 Plan No. 2 of 1973 (5 U.S.C. app.), border patrol sectors throughout the which merged four separate drug law United States. INS also maintains three enforcement agencies.

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The Administration enforces the Intelligence Consumers Committee, provisions of the controlled substances which develops an annual report on and chemical diversion and trafficking drug production, trafficking, and abuse laws and regulations of the United trends. States, and operates on a worldwide Approximately 400 Administration basis. It presents cases to the criminal compliance investigators enforce and civil justice systems of the United regulation of the legal manufacture and States—or any other competent distribution of prescription drugs. The jurisdiction—on those significant agency also maintains an active training organizations and their members program for narcotics officers in other involved in cultivation, production, Federal, State, and local agencies—as smuggling, distribution, or diversion of well as foreign police. controlled substances appearing in or The Administration maintains liaison destined for illegal traffic in the United with the United Nations, INTERPOL, and States. DEA immobilizes these other organizations on matters relating to organizations by arresting their members, international narcotics control programs. confiscating their drugs, and seizing their It has offices throughout the United assets; and creates, manages, and States and in 50 foreign countries. supports enforcement-related programs— For further information, contact the Public Affairs domestically and internationally—aimed Section, Drug Enforcement Administration, at reducing the availability of and Department of Justice, Washington, DC 20537. demand for controlled substances. Phone, 202–307–7977. The Administration’s responsibilities include: Office of Justice Programs —investigation of major narcotic 633 Indiana Avenue NW., Washington, DC violators who operate at interstate and 20531. Phone, 202–307–0781 international levels; —seizure and forfeiture of assets The Office of Justice Programs (OJP) was derived from, traceable to, or intended established by the Justice Assistance Act to be used for illicit drug trafficking; of 1984 and reauthorized in 1994 to —enforcement of regulations provide Federal leadership, coordination, governing the legal manufacture, and assistance needed to make the distribution, and dispensing of controlled Nation’s justice system more efficient substances; and effective in preventing and —management of a national narcotics controlling crime. OJP and its five intelligence system; program bureaus, the Bureau of Justice —coordination with Federal, State, Assistance, Bureau of Justice Statistics, and local law enforcement authorities National Institute of Justice, Office of and cooperation with counterpart Juvenile Justice and Delinquency agencies abroad; and Prevention, and Office for Victims of —training, scientific research, and Crime, are responsible for collecting information exchange in support of drug statistical data and conducting analyses; traffic prevention and control. identifying emerging criminal justice The Administration manages the El issues; developing and testing promising Paso Intelligence Center (EPIC), a 24- approaches to address these issues; hour tactical drug intelligence center, evaluating program results, and which utilizes DEA and Federal disseminating these findings and other personnel from 13 other agencies. information to State and local The Administration concentrates its governments. efforts on high-level narcotics smuggling The Office is headed by an Assistant and distribution organizations in the Attorney General who, by statute and United States and abroad, working delegation of authority from the Attorney closely with such agencies as the General, establishes, guides, promotes, Customs Service, the Internal Revenue and coordinates policy; focuses efforts Service, and the Coast Guard. It also on the priorities established by the chairs the 11-agency National Narcotics President and the Attorney General; and

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promotes coordination among the Bureau’s mission is to provide leadership bureaus and offices within OJP. and assistance in support of local Through the programs developed and criminal justice strategies to achieve safe financed by its bureaus and offices, OJP communities. Its goals are to promote works to form partnerships among effective, innovative crime control and Federal, State, and local government prevention strategies; to demonstrate and officials to control drug abuse and promote replication of effective crime trafficking, rehabilitate crime-ridden control programs which support public/ neighborhoods, improve the private partnerships, planning, and administration of justice in America, criminal justice system improvement; meet the needs of crime victims, and and to leverage and efficiently find innovative ways to address administer available resources. problems such as gang violence, prison The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988 (42 crowding, juvenile crime, and white- U.S.C. 3750) established the Edward collar crime. The functions of each Byrne Memorial State and Local Law bureau or office are interrelated. For Enforcement Assistance Program. Under example, the statistics generated by the this authorization, Congress appropriates Bureau of Justice Statistics may drive the funds to BJA for awards to the States to research that is conducted through the implement violent crime control and National Institute of Justice and the illegal drug reduction strategies. Other Office of Juvenile Justice and BJA discretionary awards are made for Delinquency Prevention. Research innovative programs such as Tribal results may generate new programs that Strategies Against Violence, Firearms receive support from the Bureau of Trafficking, and a Comprehensive Justice Assistance and the Office of Homicide Initiative. Earmarked funds are Juvenile Justice and Delinquency used for special programs such as Prevention. National Crime Prevention Council Although some research and technical Campaigns (McGruff, The Crime Dog) assistance is provided directly by OJP’s and Drug Abuse Resistance Education. bureaus and offices, most of the work is The Bureau also administers line-item accomplished through Federal financial appropriations for national programs assistance to scholars, practitioners, and such as the Regional Information Sharing State and local governments. System Program and the Public Safety Program bureaus and offices award Officers’ Benefits Program. formula grants to State agencies, which, The Bureau expects, measures, and in turn, subgrant funds to units of State reports results in the following broad and local government. Formula grant areas of award investment: programs—drug control and system comprehensive programs, crime improvement, juvenile justice, victims prevention, law enforcement, compensation, and victims assistance— adjudication, corrections/options, are administered by State agencies evaluation, systems improvement, and designated by each State’s Governor. information dissemination. Discretionary grant programs usually are Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) The announced in the Federal Register, and Bureau is responsible for collecting, applications are made directly to the analyzing, publishing, and disseminating sponsoring Office of Justice Programs statistical information on crime, criminal bureau or office. offenders, victims of crime, and the Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA) The operation of justice systems at all levels Bureau is the primary funding source for of government and internationally. The grants to State and local law Bureau provides data which is critical to enforcement agencies. In addition to Federal, State, and local policymakers in funding crime prevention and control combating crime and ensuring that projects, BJA provides training, technical justice is both efficient and evenhanded. assistance, evaluation, and The Bureau also assists State comprehensive strategic planning to governments in developing capabilities criminal justice practitioners. The in criminal justice statistics and

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improving the quality of criminal justice responds to telephone, mail, and records and information systems. electronic requests for information. The National Crime Victimization For further information, contact the Bureau of Survey (NCVS) is the second largest Justice Statistics. Phone, 800–732–3277 (toll-free). ongoing household survey undertaken by Internet, http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/. the Federal Government, and is the only national forum for victims to National Institute of Justice (NIJ) The systematically describe how crime affects Institute sponsors research and them and the characteristics of those development programs designed to who committed the crime against them. improve and strengthen the criminal During a collection year, a nationally justice system and reduce or prevent representative sample of more than crime. It also conducts national 100,000 persons residing in about demonstration projects that employ 49,000 households is interviewed by innovative or promising approaches for representatives of the Bureau of the improving criminal justice, and develops Census in order to obtain data on the new technologies to fight crime and impact, frequency, and consequences of improve criminal justice. criminal victimization in the United The Institute conducts evaluations to States. determine the effectiveness of criminal Other statistical series cover justice programs, particularly programs populations under correctional funded by the Bureau of Justice supervision, Federal criminal offenders Assistance and Crime Act Program and case processing, criminal justice offices within the Office of Justice expenditures and employment, felony Programs and the Community Oriented convictions, pretrial release practices, Policing Services (COPS) Office, and characteristics of correctional identifies programs that promise to be populations, prosecutorial practices and successful if continued or replicated in policies, profile of civil cases, and the other jurisdictions. For example, it has administration of law enforcement evaluated the effectiveness of innovative agencies and correctional facilities. The Bureau maintains more than two drug control programs, including dozen major data collection series and community-oriented policing, publishes a wide variety of reports community antidrug initiatives, Weed annually which receive nationwide and Seed, multijurisdictional task forces, distribution. and drug testing programs. The Bureau supports a statistical The Institute’s evaluations of new component in the National Criminal approaches for holding offenders Justice Reference Service. The Bureau of accountable for their crimes has Justice Statistics Clearinghouse provides provided invaluable information reference services for people requesting regarding such programs as drug courts, information, maintains a mailing list, and bootcamps, youth challenge camps, distributes Bureau publications. intensive community supervision, The Bureau also manages the Drugs specialized probation, and prison work- and Crime Clearinghouse, funded by the release programs. Office of National Drug Control Policy, which disseminates BJA, ONDCP, and In addition, NIJ works to fulfill the other drug-related crime documents; information needs of the criminal justice serves as the sole repository with public system by publishing and disseminating access for the BJA State Drug Control reports and other materials from its Strategies and the individual U.S. research, demonstration, evaluation, and attorneys’ reports; produces national other programs; provides training and directories of State and local drug-related technical assistance to justice officials on agencies, topical fact sheets, innovations developed through its bibliographies, and other special reports; programs; and serves as the national and maintains a library and database; and international clearinghouse of justice

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information for Federal, State, and local justice practitioners, policymakers, and governments. organizations and provides technical assistance in planning, funding, For further information, contact the National Criminal Justice Reference Service. Phone, 1–800– establishing, operating, and evaluating 851–3420. juvenile delinquency programs. In addition, the Division administers Office of Juvenile Justice and juvenile court and prosecutor training, Delinquency Prevention The Office court-appointed special advocates, and was created by the Juvenile Justice and children’s advocacy center programs Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 under the Victims of Child Abuse Act of U.S.C. 5601) in response to national 1990 (42 U.S.C. 13001). concern about juvenile crime. It is the The Information Dissemination Unit primary Federal agency for addressing conducts a wide variety of information juvenile crime and delinquency and the dissemination activities for the Office in problem of missing and exploited support of its statutory mandate to serve children. The Office is comprised of five as a clearinghouse and information divisions. center for the preparation, publication, The State Relations and Assistance and dissemination of information on Division oversees the Formula Grants juvenile delinquency and missing Program. States can receive formula children. The Unit also monitors the grants and technical assistance to help operations of the Juvenile Justice implement delinquency prevention, Clearinghouse, which collects, stores, control, and system improvement and disseminates the Office’s and other programs, including the core juvenile justice-related publications. The requirements of the Juvenile Justice and toll-free telephone number is 1–800– Delinquency Prevention Act. The 638–8736. Division also administers the Title V Programs The Concentration of Federal Prevention Incentive Grants Program and Efforts Program and the Missing the State Challenge Grants Program. Children’s Program are also under the Beginning in 1998, the division will also Office’s direction. The Concentration of administer the Juvenile Accountability Federal Efforts Program coordinates Incentive Block Grant Program and the Federal programs dealing with juvenile formula grant component of the delinquency and assists Federal agencies Combating Underage Drinking Program. that have responsibility for delinquency The Special Emphasis Division prevention and treatment. It also provides funds directly to public and promotes interagency cooperation in private nonprofit agencies and eliminating duplicate efforts and individuals to foster new approaches to provides direction for the use of Federal delinquency prevention and control and resources in facilitating a the improvement of the juvenile justice comprehensive, unified Federal juvenile system. The Division focuses on such justice policy. areas as serious, violent, and chronic The Missing Children’s Program was juvenile offenders; gangs; at-risk female created in 1984 by the Missing juvenile offenders; and school dropouts. Children’s Assistance Act to provide The Research and Program Federal leadership in ensuring that every Development Division sponsors research practical step is taken in recovering and studies about national trends in missing children, reuniting them with juvenile delinquency and drug use, their families, and prosecuting abductors. serious juvenile crime, the causes of The Program serves as a central focus for delinquency, prevention strategies, research, data collection, policy program evaluation, and improvement of development, training professionals in the juvenile justice system. It is also the field, and providing information responsible for program evaluation, about missing and exploited children. It statistics, and demonstration programs. also funds the National Center for The Training and Technical Assistance Missing and Exploited Children, which Division funds training for juvenile operates a national toll-free telephone

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line and serves as a national information The OVC Resource Center, which clearinghouse. provides information concerning victims Office for Victims of Crime (OVC) The issues to victims advocates, criminal Office serves as the Justice Department’s justice practitioners, and the public, is chief advocate for crime victims and funded by OVC. The Center may be their families. This includes carrying out reached toll-free on 1–800–627–6872. the activities mandated by the Victims of Violence Against Women Grants Office Crime Act of 1984 (VOCA), as amended The Violence Against Women Grants (42 U.S.C. 10601 note); monitoring Office administers the Department’s compliance with the provisions formula and discretionary grant programs regarding assistance for Federal crime authorized by the Violence Against victims of the Victim and Witness Women Act of 1994. Protection Act of 1982; and These programs assist the Nation’s implementing the recommendations of criminal justice system to respond to the the President’s Task Force on Victims of needs and concerns of women who have Crime, and the Attorney General’s Task been, or potentially could be, victimized Force on Family Violence. by violence. The programs emphasize A Crime Victims Fund was created by enhanced delivery of services to women VOCA in the U.S. Treasury to provide victimized by violence, and work to Federal financial assistance to State strengthen outreach efforts to minorities governments to compensate and assist and disabled women. The Office victims of crime. Monies in the fund provides technical assistance to State come from fines and penalties assessed and tribal government officials in on convicted Federal defendants. The planning innovative and effective Office awards grants to States to criminal justice responses to violent compensate crime victims for expenses, crimes committed against women. The such as medical costs, resulting from Office provides Indian tribal their victimization. Grants also are governments with funds to develop and awarded to State governments to support strengthen the tribal justice system’s State and local programs that provide response to violent crimes committed direct assistance to crime victims and against Native American women through their families. Priority for victim a discretionary grant program. assistance funds is given to programs Drug Court Program Office The Drug providing direct services to victims of Court Program Office was established to sexual assault, spouse abuse, and child support the development and abuse. States also must use grant funds implementation of effective Drug Court to assist previously underserved victim programming at the State, local, and populations, such as victims of drunk tribal level. The Office administers the drivers or the families of homicide Drug Court Grant Program as authorized victims. by Title V of the Violent Crime Control A small portion of the Crime Victims and Law Enforcement Act of 1994. Fund is available to support services for This discretionary grant program victims of Federal crimes. Programs assists local units of government in the under this initiative have focused on planning, implementation, and developing victim assistance services for improvement of Drug Courts which Federal crime victims in Indian country, target non-violent, drug-involved creating a Federal crime victim offenders. The Office strives to assistance fund for use by U.S. attorneys strengthen existing Drug Courts and offices to pay for emergency services for develop new Drug Courts, encouraging Federal crime victims, and assisting them to provide continuing judicial Native American child abuse victims. supervision, mandatory periodic testing In addition, each year OVC sponsors for substance abuse among clients, National Crime Victims’ Rights Week to substance abuse treatment, offender increase public awareness of crime supervision, management and aftercare, victims’ special needs and to honor combined with appropriate sanctions for those who work on behalf of victims. failure to comply with program

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requirements. The Office works closely while incarcerated in State and local with agencies and organizations correctional facilities. involved in the areas of justice and The Corrections Program Office also recovery. The Office also develops and provides technical assistance and delivers appropriate technical assistance training to State and local correctional and training to enhance the effectiveness policymakers and practitioners to and operation of both existing and new Drug Courts. encourage the adoption of sound Corrections Program Office The correctional policies and ‘‘best Corrections Program Office provides practices.’’ leadership and assistance to State and Executive Office for Weed and local governments related to correctional Seed The Executive Office for Weed and policy and programs designed to reduce Seed administers the Department’s crime, increase public safety, and restore premier community-based public safety integrity to sentencing practices for program. Operation Weed and Seed is a violent offenders. The Office administers comprehensive, community-based correctional programs authorized by the strategy to ‘‘weed out’’ violent crime, Violent Crime Control and Law gang activity, drug trafficking, and drug Enforcement Act of 1994, as amended, use, and ‘‘seed in’’ neighborhood including the Violent Offender revitalization. Programs are implemented Incarceration/Truth in Sentencing and through the leadership of U.S. attorneys Residential Substance Abuse Treatment working closely with community officials for State Prisoners Programs. and residents. By bringing together law The Violent Offender Incarceration/ enforcement, businesses, schools, and Truth in Sentencing Program provides community residents, Weed and Seed formula grant funds to the States to build neighborhoods have succeeded in and expand correctional facilities to achieving long-term, positive change. increase secure space for the The Executive Office for Weed and Seed confinement of violent offenders and the works closely with OJP’s other bureaus implementation of truth in sentencing and offices, which fund model programs laws. The Residential Substance Abuse in Weed and Seed sites from which Treatment Program is designed to reduce other communities can learn promising drug and criminal activity among approaches to solving problems affecting offenders released back into the residents and their neighborhoods. The community by producing formula grant Weed and Seed Program is funded funds to develop and expand substance through a congressional earmark from abuse treatment programs for offenders Byrne Discretionary Grant Program.

For further information, contact the Office of Congressional and Public Affairs, Office of Justice Programs, Department of Justice, 810 Seventh Street NW., Washington, DC 20531. Phone, 202–307–0781.

Boards Executive Office for Immigration immigration laws to the Executive Office Review for Immigration Review, which is Falls Church, VA 22041. Phone, 703–305– completely independent of and separate 0289. Internet, http://www.usdoj.gov/eoir/. from both the Immigration and Naturalization Service, the agency The Attorney General has delegated charged with the enforcement of the certain powers and authorities for the immigration laws, and the Office of administration and interpretation of the Special Counsel for Immigration Related Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 Unfair Employment Practices, the agency (8 U.S.C. 1101) and other Federal charged with the enforcement of the

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anti-discrimination provisions of the with individual Board members Immigration Reform and Control Act. concerning the proposed order. The Executive Office for Immigration Attorney-advisers also assist in various Review includes the Board of administrative and support functions. In Immigration Appeals, the Office of the addition to developing expertise in the Chief Immigration Judge, and the Office field of immigration law, they are often of the Chief Administrative Hearing called upon to analyze questions of Officer. It is headed by a Director, who is responsible for the immediate constitutional law, State, Federal, and supervision of these components and foreign civil and criminal law. who reports to the Deputy Attorney Office of the Chief Immigration General. Judge The Office of the Chief Board of Immigration Appeals The Immigration Judge provides overall Board of Immigration Appeals is a quasi- direction for the 209 immigration judges judicial body composed of 15 members located in approximately 40 immigration including the Chair and Vice Chair, and courts throughout the Nation. a Chief Attorney-Examiner who is also Immigration judges are responsible for an alternate Board Member. conducting formal administrative The Board hears oral arguments at its proceedings and act independently in Falls Church, VA, location. A staff of their decisionmaking capacity. Their attorney advisors assists the Board in the decisions are administratively final, preparation of decisions. unless appealed or certified to the Board. The Board has been given nationwide Through its Criminal Alien Institutional jurisdiction to hear appeals of decisions Hearing Program, the Office currently made by immigration judges and by has programs in all 50 States, Puerto district and center directors of the Rico, the District of Columbia, and Immigration and Naturalization Service. selected municipalities and Bureau of In addition, the Board is responsible for Prison facilities to adjudicate the hearing appeals involving the suspension immigration status of alien inmates or barring from practice of attorneys and incarcerated by Federal, State, and representative before the Service and the municipal correction authorities as a Board. result of convictions for criminal offense. Decisions of the Board are binding on In removal proceedings, an all Service officers and immigration immigration judge determines whether judges unless modified or overruled by an individual from a foreign country judicial review in the Federal courts. The should be admitted or allowed to stay in majority of appeals reaching the Board the United States or be removed. Judges involve orders of removal and application for relief from removal. are located throughout the United States, Other cases before the Board include the and each judge has jurisdiction to removal of aliens applying for admission consider various forms of relief available to the United States, petitions to classify under the law, including applications for the status of alien relatives for the asylum. issuance of preference immigrant visas, Office of the Chief Administrative fines imposed upon carriers for the Hearing Officer The Office is violation of the immigration laws, and responsible for the general supervision of motions for reopening and administrative law judges in the reconsideration of decisions previously performance of their duties under 8 rendered. U.S.C. 1324a–1324c. Administrative law Following a review of the record and judge proceedings are mandated by the research into questions of law raised by Immigration and Nationality Act and the parties, an attorney-adviser drafts a concern allegations of unlawful proposed order for consideration of the employment of aliens, unfair Board members, frequently conferring immigration-related employment

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practices, and immigrations document 1987. It also provided for the abolition fraud. of the Commission on November 1, 1992. However, the Judicial For further information, contact the Office of Public Affairs, Executive Office for Immigration Improvements Act of 1990 (104 Stat. Review, Department of Justice, Falls Church, VA 5089) and the Parole Commission 22041. Phone, 703–305–0289. Internet, http:// Phaseout Act of 1996 (18 U.S.C. 4201 www.usdoj.gov/eoir/. note) extended the Commission in 5-year increments, through November 1, 2002. United States Parole Commission In the National Capital Revitalization 5550 Friendship Boulevard, Chevy Chase, and Self-Government Improvement Act MD 20815. Phone, 301–492–5990 of 1997 (111 Stat. 712), Congress transferred the function of granting or The Parole Commission presently denying parole for all District of consists of three members, appointed by Columbia Code offenders, wherever the President with the advice and imprisoned, to the Parole Commission consent of the Senate. It has sole from the District of Columbia Board of authority to grant, modify, or revoke Parole, effective August 5, 1998. This act paroles of eligible U.S. prisoners serving also authorized the Commission to sentences of more than one year, expand to five members. In subsequent including military prisoners and D.C. years, pursuant to this same legislation, Code prisoners housed in Federal the Parole Commission will assume from institutions. It is responsible for the the D.C. Board the functions of supervision of parolees and prisoners supervising and revoking the paroles released upon the expiration of their granted to D.C. offenders. The sentences with allowances for statutory Commission will also supervise D.C. good time, and the determination of Code offenders placed on supervised supervisory conditions and terms. release and revoke supervised release Probation officers supervise parolees and terms for violation. mandatory releases under the direction For further information, contact the Office of the of the Commission. Chairman, United States Parole Commission, Under the Labor Management Department of Justice, 5550 Friendship Boulevard, Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959 Chevy Chase, MD 20815. Phone, 301–492–5990. (29 U.S.C. 401), the Commission Internet, http://www.usdoj.gov/uspc/parole.htm/. determines whether or not persons convicted of certain crimes may serve as Office of Community Oriented officials in the field of organized labor or Policing Services in labor-oriented management positions; The Office of Community Oriented likewise, under the Employment Policing Services (COPS) was created Retirement Income and Security Act of with the passage of the Violent Crime 1974 (29 U.S.C. 1111), the Commission Control and Law Enforcement Act of determines whether or not such persons 1994 to achieve several goals: to may provide services to or be employed advance the philosophy of community by employment benefit plans. The policing as a national law enforcement Commission has also had jurisdiction strategy; to deploy 100,000 new police since 1977 to set release dates for U.S. officers in community policing roles; to citizens who are returned to the United reinforce partnerships that will sustain States, pursuant to treaty, to serve foreign community policing; and to evaluate and criminal sentences. For offenders who demonstrate the effectiveness of committed their crimes after November community policing to improve the 1, 1987, the Commission applies the quality of life by reducing the levels of guidelines of the U.S. Sentencing disorder, violence, and crime in our Commission. communities. The Sentencing Reform Act of 1984 The primary activity of the COPS (98 Stat. 2032) abolished parole Office is the awarding of competitive, eligibility for Federal offenders who discretionary grants directly to law commit offenses on or after November 1, enforcement agencies across the United

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States and its territories. Over the life of and related materials produced by and the COPS Office, approximately $8 for any telecommunication format. billion in grant funding will be made The Intergovernmental and Public available to achieve these goals. Liaison Division maintains channels for The COPS Office is headed by a communication and feedback regarding Director, appointed by the Attorney COPS programs with representatives of General, and is organized into several interested local, State, and national divisions. The Grants Administration organizations and with local elected Division is responsible for developing officials. and designing new programs to provide Finally, the Administrative Division resources for the hiring of new officers provides support services to the COPS and to further the adoption and Office, including resource management implementation of community policing, to recruit, train, and maintain a reviewing grant applications, maintaining professional workforce; fiscal resource liaison with the Office of Justice management to perform the accounting Programs for financial review of and budget formulation and execution applications, monitoring grant awards, functions necessary to administer the developing and maintaining databases to COPS appropriation; facilities support policymaking, participating in management to acquire and maintain the evaluation of the grant programs, space, provide security, and procure and coordination of the Office’s research supplies, equipment, telephones, and agenda. Within the Grants other services; and information resource Administration Division are the Police management. Hiring section and the Program Planning, Research and Evaluation Office of Intergovernmental Affairs section. The Office of Intergovernmental Affairs is The Training and Technical Assistance responsible for advising the Attorney Division is responsible for coordinating General and other leadership and senior the provision of training and technical Department officials on matters affecting assistance to advance the adoption, the Department of Justice’s relationship implementation and sustaining of with State and local government and the community policing in the thousands of advocacy groups which represent these communities served by the COPS Office. entities. The Office consists of a The Legal Division is responsible for Director, principal Deputy Director, providing legal advice to the Director three Deputy Directors, and two support and other functional areas of the COPS staff. All professional staff are attorneys. Office, and for ensuring compliance with the legal requirements applicable to the For further information, contact the Office of activities of the COPS Office. Intergovernmental Affairs, Department of Justice, The Congressional Relations Division Room 1521 Main, 950 Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, DC 20530. Phone, 202–514–3465. assists Members of Congress in serving their constituents, thereby facilitating Foreign Claims Settlement greater dissemination of information Commission of the United States about COPS programs and activities, and provides input in program design and The Foreign Claims Settlement development and policy formulation so Commission of the United States is a that programs and policies reflect quasi-judicial, independent agency legislative intent and address within the Department of Justice which congressional needs. adjudicates claims of U.S. nationals The Communications Division against foreign governments, either provides ongoing information about under specific jurisdiction conferred by community policing and COPS programs Congress or pursuant to international through every available channel of claims settlement agreements. The communication, including timely and decisions of the Commission are final accurate responses to media inquiries, and are not reviewable under any interviews, public events, publications standard by any court or other authority.

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Funds for payment of the Commission’s district court against foreigners who have awards are derived from congressional invested in or otherwise benefited from appropriations, international claims property formerly owned by the U.S. settlements, or the liquidation of foreign nationals. The act further designates the assets in the United States by the Commission as a ‘‘Special Master’’ Departments of Justice and the Treasury. available to the courts beginning in 1998 The Commission is currently to determine the ownership and value of conducting an Albanian Claims Program, expropriated property that was not the adjudicating claims and making awards subject of claims filed in the compensating U.S. nationals for losses Commission’s Cuban Claims Program. resulting from nationalization, The Commission also has authority expropriation, intervention and other under the War Claims Act of 1948, as property-taking by the former amended, to receive, determine the Communist regime in Albania which validity and amount, and provide for the took power at the end of World War II. payment of claims by members of the The Commission is compiling a U.S. armed services and civilians held as registry of the estimated $5 billion in prisoners of war or interned by a hostile outstanding claims against Iraq held by force in Southeast Asia during the U.S. nationals, in preparation for future Vietnam conflict, or by the survivors of Commission adjudication of such claims. such service members and civilians. Claims to be registered include those Finally, the Commission is responsible that predate the invasion of Kuwait by for maintaining records and responding Iraq in August 1990, and certain claims to inquiries related to the various claims of military personnel or their survivors programs it has conducted against the arising out of Desert Shield and Desert Governments of Yugoslavia, Panama, Storm or Iraq’s attack on the U.S.S. Stark Poland, Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, in 1987. Italy, the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, The Commission is also conducting a Cuba, the German Democratic Republic, Holocaust Survivors Claims Program, to the People’s Republic of China, Vietnam, adjudicate the claims of U.S. nationals Ethiopia, Egypt, and Iran, as well as who were interned and persecuted by those authorized under the War Claims the German Nazi regime before and Act of 1948, and other statutes. during World War II. The Commission’s The Commission’s organization and decisions will be used by the functions are defined in the International Department of State as the basis for Claims Settlement Act of 1949, as negotiation of a final settlement of such amended (22 U.S.C. 1621 et seq.), the claims with Germany. War Claims Act of 1948, as amended In addition, the Commission will play (50 U.S.C. app. 2001 et seq.), the a role in the implementation of the Balanced Budget Downpayment Act, I Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity (Public Law 104–99), and the Cuban (LIBERTAD) Act of 1996. Under Title III Liberty and Democratic Solidarity of the act, Commission determinations (LIBERTAD) Act of 1996 (Public Law on the ownership and value of 104–114). expropriated property in Cuba which were rendered in its Cuban Claims For further information, contact the Office of the Chair, Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the Program (conducted from 1965–72) will United States, Department of Justice, Suite 6002, serve as the basis for lawsuits that may 600 E Street NW., Washington, DC 20579. Phone, be filed by U.S. nationals in the U.S. 202–616–6975; or fax, 202–616–6993.

Sources of Information

Controlled Substances Act Registration Controlled Substances Act may be Information about registration under the obtained from the Registration Section of

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the Drug Enforcement Administration, Foreign Claims Settlement P.O. Box 28083, Central Station, Commission: Attorneys: Office of the Washington, DC 20038. Phone, 202– Chief Counsel, Suite 6002, 600 E Street 307–7255. NW., Washington, DC 20579 (phone, Disability-Related Matters Contact the 202–616–6975); Other: Administrative Civil Rights Division’s ADA Hotline. Officer, same address and phone. Phone, 800–514–0301. TDD, 800–514– Housing Discrimination Matters 0383. Internet, http://www.usdoj.gov/crt/ Contact the Civil Rights Division’s ada/adahom1.htm/. Housing and Civil Enforcement Section. Drugs and Crime Clearinghouse Phone, 800–896–7743. Phone, 800–666–3332 (toll-free). Immigration-Related Employment Electronic Access Information Matters The Civil Rights Division concerning Department of Justice maintains a Worker Hotline. Phone, programs and activities is available 800–255–7688. TDD, 800–237–2515. It electronically through the Internet, at also offers information for employers. http://www.usdoj.gov/. Phone, 800–255–8155. TDD, 800–362– Employment The Department maintains 2735. an agencywide job line. Phone, 202– Publications and Films The FBI Law 514–3397. Enforcement Bulletin and Uniform Crime Attorneys’ applications: Director, Reports—Crime in the United States are Office of Attorney Personnel available from the Superintendent of Management, Department of Justice, Documents, Government Printing Office, Room 6150, Tenth Street and Washington, DC 20402. Constitution Avenue NW., Washington, The Annual Report of the Attorney DC 20530. Phone, 202–514–1432. General of the United States is published Assistant U.S. attorney applicants should each year by the Department of Justice, apply to individual U.S. attorneys. Washington, DC 20530. United States Marshals Service: Field Approximately nine textbooks on Staffing Branch, United States Marshals citizenship, consisting of teachers Service, Department of Justice, 600 manuals and student textbooks at various Army Navy Drive, Arlington, VA 22202– reading levels, are distributed free to 4210. public schools for applicants for Federal Bureau of Investigation: citizenship and are on sale to all others Director, Washington, DC 20535, or any from the Superintendent of Documents, of the field offices or resident agencies Government Printing Office, whose addresses are listed in the front of Washington, DC 20402. Public schools most local telephone directories. or organizations under the supervision of Immigration and Naturalization public schools which are entitled to free Service: Central Office, 425 I Street textbooks should make their requests to NW., Washington, DC 20536 (phone, the appropriate Immigration and 202–514–2530); or any regional or Naturalization Service Regional Office district office. (See appropriate section of this manual Drug Enforcement Administration: for mailing addresses.). For general regional offices, laboratories, or information, call 202–514–3946. Washington Headquarters Office of The Freedom of Information Act Guide Personnel. and Privacy Act Overview and the Bureau of Prisons: Central Office, 320 Freedom of Information Case List, both First Street NW., Washington, DC 20534 published annually, are available from (phone, 202–307–3082); or any regional the Superintendent of Documents, or field office. Government Printing Office, Office of Justice Programs, 633 Washington, DC 20530; and in Indiana Avenue NW., Washington, DC electronic format through INTERNET– 20531. Phone, 202–307–0730. Library of Congress. ISBN 0–16–042921– United States Trustee Program, Room 8. 770, 901 E Street NW., Washington, DC FOIA Update (Stock No. 727–002– 20530. Phone, 202–616–1000. 00000–6), published quarterly, is

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available free of charge to FOIA offices (phone, 301–492–5959); Board of and other interested offices Immigration Appeals, Suite 2400, 5107 Governmentwide. This publication is Leesburg Pike, Falls Church, VA 22041 also available from the Superintendent of (phone, 703–305–0168); some of the Documents, Government Printing Office, Immigration and Naturalization Service Washington, DC 20402; and in district offices; and the National Institute electronic format through INTERNET– of Justice, 9th Floor, 633 Indiana Avenue Library of Congress. NW., Washington, DC 20531 (phone, Guidelines for Effective Human 202–307–5883). Relations Commissions, Annual Report Redress for Wartime Relocation/ of the Community Relations Service, Internment Contact the Civil Rights Community Relations Service Brochure, Division’s Office of Redress CRS Hotline Brochure, Police Use of Administration. Helpline phone, 202– Deadly Force: A Conciliation Handbook 219–6900. TDD, 202–219–4710. for Citizens and Police, Principles of Internet, http://www.usdoj.gov/. Good Policing: Avoiding Violence Reference Service In 1972, the Between Police and Citizens, Resolving National Institute of Justice established Racial Conflict: A Guide for the National Criminal Justice Reference Municipalities, and Viewpoints and Service (NCJRS). All five OJP bureaus Guidelines on Court-Appointed Citizens now support NCJRS, a clearinghouse of Monitoring Commissions in School information and publications concerning Desegregation are available upon OJP programs and other information of request from the Public Information interest to the criminal justice Office, Community Relations Service, community. The Office’s National Department of Justice, Washington, DC Institute of Justice, which has supported 20530. A limited number of drug educational the clearinghouse for almost 20 years, films are available, free of charge, to provides most of the funding for the civic, educational, private, and religious National Criminal Justice Reference groups. Service. Police, corrections agencies, A limited selection of pamphlets and courts, criminal justice planners, juvenile brochures is available. The most widely justice practitioners, community crime requested publication is Drugs of Abuse, prevention groups, and others needing an identification manual intended for information for planning and problem professional use. Single copies are free. solving in criminal justice can refer to Copies of the Foreign Claims this international information service Settlement Commission’s semiannual specially designed to assist the justice (through December 1966) and annual community. (from January 1967) reports to the The National Criminal Justice Congress concerning its activities are Reference Service provides information available at the Commission in limited from its computerized data base system quantities. free or at a minimal cost to users Reading Rooms Located in through a variety of products and Washington, DC, at: U.S. Department of services including the bimonthly NIJ Justice, Room 6505, Tenth Street and Catalog, which contains abstracts of Constitution Avenue NW., Washington, significant additions to the data base and DC 20530 (phone, 202–514–3775). pertinent information and a Calendar of Bureau of Prisons, 320 First Street NW., Events announcing upcoming training 20534 (phone, 202–307–3029); courses and conferences; selected Immigration and Naturalization Service, hardcopy documents upon request; three 425 I Street NW., 20536 (phone, 202– types of data base search packages; 514–2837); Foreign Claims Settlement various microfiche products; and Commission, 600 E Street NW., 20579 referrals to other information sources. (phone, 202–616–6975). Also at the U.S. Under contracts with OJP bureaus, the Parole Commission, 5550 Friendship National Criminal Justice Reference Boulevard, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 Service also operates the Drugs and

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Crime Data Center and Clearinghouse, Bulletin Board may be accessed by the Bureau of Justice Assistance modem on 301–738–8895. Clearinghouse, the Justice Statistics Organizations and individuals may Clearinghouse, the Juvenile Justice register to receive information from the Clearinghouse, the National Victims National Criminal Justice Reference Resource Center, and the Construction Service by writing NCJRS, Box 6000, Information Exchange. All the Service’s 1600 Research Boulevard, Rockville, clearinghouses may be contacted on MD 20850. Small Business Activities Contract 800–851–3420 (toll-free); or in the information for small businesses can be Washington, DC, metropolitan area on obtained from the Office of Small and 301–251–5500. Disadvantaged Business Utilization, The NCJRS Electronic Bulletin Board, Department of Justice, Tenth Street and with 3,000 registered users, makes Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington, NCJRS’ services available online. The DC 20530. Phone, 202–616–0521.

For further information concerning the Department of Justice, contact the Office of Public Affairs, Department of Justice, Tenth Street and Constitution Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20530. Phone, 202– 514–2007 (voice); 202–786–5731 (TDD). Internet, http://www.usdoj.gov/.

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