Ville Fjell – Smule Bukter

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Ville Fjell – Smule Bukter GEOGRAFI OG KLIMA Den klareste sjø og en rekke av snøkledte fjelltopper som bryter alt det blå. ville fjell – Fra boken ”The Cretan Journal” av den engelske reiseskildreren og maleren smule bukter Edward Lear, 1864. Prevelibukten. Der elven Megapotamos (den store elven) munner ut og Kourtalioto-kløften TEMPERATURER ender, ligger den kjente Prevelibukten, også kalt (C) LUFT/SJØ Finikastranden. Den kretiske palmen Phoenix theophrastii vokser vilt langs elvebredden og finnes bare på Kreta. JANUAR 13 / 15 FEBRUAR 13 / 15 MARS 14 / 16 APRIL 17 / 19 MAI 20 / 21 JUNI 24 / 24 JULI 26 / 26 AUGUST 26 / 26 SEPTEMBER 24 / 23 OKTOBER 20 / 22 NOVEMBER 17 / 19 DESEMBER 14 / 16 ethymno fylke ligger midt mellom byene Det snøkledte Ida-fjellet sett fra Hania og Heraklion, og grenser til det Kedrosfjellene. Den viltvoksende, vakre, hvite Arum Cretilium vokser Kretiske hav i nord og den Libyske sjø kun på Kreta og står i fare for å bli R i sør. Byen Rethymno ble opprinnelig utryddet. etablert på en høyde ved nordkysten. Den voksende byen strakte seg gradvis langs den 13 km lange sandstranden i nord. Terrenget rundt er for det meste fjellendt med en morfologisk mangfoldighet bestående av imponerende kløfter, mange spennende grotter, grønnkledte daler og sprudlende bekker. Enkeltstående fjell og massive fjellkjeder danner rammen rundt fylket. I øst rager Psiloritis, øyas høyeste fjelltopp, også kalt Ida fra mytologisk tid. Her finnes også den kjente Zevs-grotten. I sørvest står de majestetiske Kedrosfjellene. Innimellom disse trauste fjellene ligger den vakre Amaridalen. I nordøst kneiser Kouloukounas (Taleafjellet) mot fjelltoppen Vrysinas, rett sør for byen Rethymno. I sørvestlig retning ligger Krioneritis. Noen flate områder finnes mellom fjellmassivene i det nordlige kystområdet. Her, såvel som i sør, ligger mange naturlige sandstrender med krystallklart vann. Det tempererte middelhavsklimaet med sine varme somre og lange regnfulle vintre gir en gjennomsnittstemperatur fra 14° C vinterstid til 29 ° C om sommeren. Unntaksvis kan sterke vinder både fra sør og nord feie over øya og forstyrre det milde klimaet mellom årstidene. Triopetra Vinter. ”Ideon Antron dekt av snø. Milikløften Milikløften Vår. Blomstereng ved Ag. Vasilis. Sommer. Panormostranden. Høst. Høstkrokus i landsbyen Gerakari. EN 3500 ÅR GAMMEL HISTORIE Da tiden var inne og Rea skulle føde Zevs, flyktet hun til Kreta... fra myte Hesiodus Theogony. Ifølge mytologien var Zevs, alle mytologiske til historie guders far, født på Kreta. mrådet har vært befolket fra uminnelige tider. Biter fra neolittisk Figuren forestiller en minoisk gudinne fra Pangalohori forestiller Figuren Arkeologisk museum innvandring, minoiske boplasser, klassiske og romerske byer har etterhvert gitt et bilde av tiden før middelalderen. Palassene i Ο Monastiraki, området ved Amari, gravstedet fra senminoisk tid ved Armeni, landsbyene Elefterna, Sibrytos, Lappa, Axos og Stavromenos, er bare få arkeologiske plasser som har kastet lys over historien. I de første årene av kristen tidsalder imponerte nykristne konger med fantastiske arkitekturer og nydelige ornamenter. Av nesten 18 kirker finnes de mest imponerende i landsbyene Panormo, Elefterna, Vyzani, Goulediana, Thronos. Gjennom den byzantinske periode ble Skjoldkister fra ”Kourittene” ved Ideon Antron. Grotten på det hellige Idafjellet som Rhea valgte området rundt Rethymno prydet av klostre og kirker med kors for å skjule den nyfødte Zevs, utvalgt som gudenes og kuppel, rikt dekorert av fresker. Under den venezianske gud, fra sin fars Kronos vrede, som spiste sine barn. okkupasjon la en ny arkitektonisk stil sitt preg på byen og Zevs, den fremmede, ble oppfostret i Rethymno under beskyttelse av ”Kourittene”, kretiske omegnen. Samtidig stimulerte en uparalell demoner som danset og slo på sine skjold for å intellektuell utvikling området. Den hindre Kronos i å høre den nyfødtes gråt. blomstrende renessansen fikk Barnet vokste opp på melken fra geita Amalthia. en brå slutt med tyrkernes okkupasjon, hvor muslimske innslag medvirket til å forandre Rethymno til et multikulturelt samfunn. Statue av Afrodite fra Lappa Elefterna Agia Paraskevi, Amari Agia Paraskevi, Arkadi-klosteret har blitt et landemerke innen arkitektur og sivilisasjon med sin praktfulle kirkefasade, høyt utviklede relegiøse tradisjon og blomstrende utvikling av vakker kunst. Det var likevel drapene i 1866 som gav klosteret en spesiell plass i historien, og gjorde det til et evig symbol på frihet og heroisme, som har blitt kjent over hele verden. RITHY RITHYMNA RETIMO RETHYMNO Velstand, edelhet og kunnskap har skapt byen Rethymno, bygd under antikkens blomstring Fra utstillingen til ære for Fyrstedemokratiet sivilisasjonens under den venezianske kommandør Fr. Basilicata fra ”Kingdom of Crete” korsveier 1618. Den venezianske havnen i Rethymno og fyrtårnet nskripsjoner og mynter med maritime symboler og skrifter såvel som arkeologiske funn, stadfester eksistensen av en oldtidsby kalt I ”Rithyma”. Byens eksakte lokalitet er fortsatt ukjent, men man tror at den først ble etablert på toppen av Paleokastro, stedet hvor den venezianske borgen ruver idag. Bosetningen utviklet seg gradvis på den vesle klippen, men forble ukjent helt til venezianerne befestet byen og kalte den Castel Vecchio. Deretter ble en mur bygget etter tegning av arkitekten Michele Sanmicheli. Denne ble totalt ødelagt i 1571 under et knusende åtak ledet av piraten Cheireddin Barbarossa. I 1573 startet konstruksjonen av festningen i Rethymno, som skulle forsegle venezianernes sikkerhet og posisjon. Samtidig ble luksuriøse bygninger og private herskapsboliger bygget. Byen ble forskjønnet med en sentral åpen plass, en adelsstandsforening, fontener som Rimondi, et stort solur, en hovudgate og mindre allèer som ledet til kirkene, klostrene, herskapsboligene og de Rimondifontenen enkle våningshusene, etter modell fra byplanen i Venezia. I september 1646 ble Rethymno beseiret av tyrkerne. Inntrengerne okkuperte Festningen de venezianske herregårdene, tilførte sine egne arkitektoniske elementer og uttrykte klart sin tilstedeværelse i form av moskeer og minareter. Det tidligere venezianske nettverket av gater og allèer ble endret, og husfasadenes øverste del fikk påbygd balkonger i tre. Rethymno endret totalt karakter til en muslimsk by. OMRÅDET RUNDT RETHYMNO Idafjellet rager så høyt at du kan se den evig snøkledte toppen fra alle himmelretninger. Beskrevet av den himmelske katolske munken og reiseskildreren Christoforo Buondelmonti i boken ”descripio isule Crete” landskap fra 1514. Nidaplatået og Idagrotten ethymno er et fylke innrammet av særegen vakker natur og landskap rundt et stort antall arkeologiske R funnsted, kirker og klostre. Flere ulike veier vil føre deg til spennende steder med dokumenterte, tradisjonelle bosetninger. Bostedsruiner fra veneziansk tid finnes fortsatt i landsbyene Maroulas, Chromonastiri, Mountros, Preveliklosteret Monopari og Amnatos. Gamle landsbyer som Garazo, Spili og Anogia Monoparifestningen vil bringe deg tilbake til uendrede tradisjoner og uendrede skikker. Spili Her finnes ca. 850 grotter. De mest kjente er Ideon Antron og grottene i Melidoni, Sfendoni og Gerani som er spesielt arkeologisk, historisk og tradisjonelt interessante. Dessuten bør kløftene Kourtalioti, Kotsifou, Patsos, Prasses og Arkadi nevnes for sin unike skjønnhet. Rethymno vil overraske deg med sine kontraster fra bratte fjell til grønnkledde daler og en imponerende klippekyst som brytes av langstrakte sandstrender. Ethvert område har sin spesielle egenart: Prevelibukten, vannfallene i Argyropolis, Nidaplatået, for ikke å glemme strendene både i nord og sør. Overalt får du religiøse påminnelser i form av små fattigslige kapell, krusifikser, glamorøse kirker i bysantinsk stil og velbevarte, historiske klostre. Maroulas Sfendonigrotten ved Zoniana Inngangsportal i Amnatos HÅNDARBEID OG TRADISJONER Det sies at innbyggerne i Rethymno er de mest pliktoppfyllende på øya. Sitat fra boken ”Travels in the island livsglede of Crete in the year 1817” av den engelske reiseskildreren F. W. Sieber. Sauene klippes og melkes fortsatt på tradisjonell måte. Dans og sang er livsviktige ingredienser i en kretensers liv. Både menn og kvinner bærer stolt sine bunader ved enhver passende anledning og ikke bare ved høytider. Folkedraktene er i seg selv et nitidig håndarbeid innen vev og broderi. Dansene er tradisjonelle til lyrens toner og kretiske sanger, de såkalte ”mantinades”. e hjertevarme og gjestfrie landsbyboerne arbeider hardt og tradisjonelt for sitt levebrød innen dyrking og pressing av oliven, vinproduksjon, framstilling av raki og D meieriprodukter. Like viktig som hverdagens strev er respekten for relegiøse høytider som jul, påske, bryllup, barnedåp og andre helligdager. Viktige er også fester innen jordbruk som f.eks.vinhøsten som naturlig nok feires i innhøstingstiden hvor testing og utveksling av erfaringer fra årets avling er et naturlig samtaleemne. Når oliven og druer skal høstes, eller sauene skal klippes, stiller venner og slektninger opp for å hjelpe. Ofte ender arbeidsøkten i en fest. Når kretenseren ikke arbeider eller nyter sin raki, brukes energien gjerne til skapende oppgaver som håndarbeid og kunst. I Rethymno holdes fortsatt flere håndverk i hevd som keramikk, kurvfletting, treskjæring, steinmeisling og veving. Enkelte landsbyer er spesielt kjent for sitt håndverk, f.eks. steinmeisling i Alfa, keramikk i Margarites og vevkunst i Anogia. Kunsthistorisk museum i Rethymno har utstillinger av vevarbeid, broderi, knipling, bunader,
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