CONNECT GWINNETT TRANSIT MODE DEFINITIONS TRANSIT PLAN

HEAVY RAIL TRANSIT Heavy rail transit (HRT) is an electric railway BUS RAPID TRANSIT Bus rapid transit (BRT) combines much LOCAL BUS Local bus service is a comparatively low-cost, characterized by high speed and rapid acceleration of the quality of rail transit with the fl exibility fl exible, and adaptable mode to serve a wide passenger rail cars typically operating in multi-car and cost-effectiveness of buses. BRT system variety of users in a distributed environment. It trains on fi xed rails; separated right-of-way from elements are similar to those more commonly operates in a shared right-of-way with which all other vehicular and foot traffi c are found in rail transit systems. BRT typically employs automobiles. Roadside bus stops are generally excluded; sophisticated signaling; and high platform specifi cally branded special vehicles, sophisticated tightly spaced with limited amenities. Vehicle level entry loading. Substantial and sophisticated transit stations, off-board fare collection, level propulsion may be electric, hybrid, natural gas, or passenger amenities are typically provided in boarding, transit priority at intersections, and fully diesel. Vehicle length may vary from 28 to 60 feet. HRT systems. to mostly dedicated transit runningways. Station Spacing: 1-2 blocks to ¼ mile Station Spacing: Core ~ ½ mile; Periphery ~ 1 to Station Spacing: ¼ mile or more Runningway Type: Mixed fl ow 5 miles Runningway Type: Primarily dedicated Example Systems: Numerous, including GCT Runningway Type: Exclusive dedicated Example Systems: Cleveland, Eugene, Los Angeles, Example Systems: Chicago “L”, New York City Boston, Kansas City Subway, BART, Washington, D.C. Metrorail to Speed Speed Speed Cost Cost Cost

LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT Light rail transit (LRT) is an electrically powered, RAPID BUS Rapid bus systems share some elements with BRT FLEX SERVICE Demand-responsive local bus or shuttle service high-capacity rail technology capable of operating systems; however, the level of accommodation for that operates in a defi ned geographic area. in a wide range of physical confi gurations. LRT transit vehicles and passengers is typically less than Includes services that may not have fi xed stop typically operates in single-vehicle or short trains with BRT. Rapid bus typically operates in a mixture locations, a fi xed route or a fi xed schedule (or any in mostly or fully-dedicated runningway. Substantial of dedicated (including HOV and managed lanes) of those elements). Service may be requested and sophisticated passenger amenities are typically and general purpose travel lanes. Rapid bus may through advanced reservations (online, app-based, provided in LRT systems. benefi t from transit signal priority, queue jump or phone) or in some cases, on-demand. Generally lanes, dedicated/specifi cally designed stops, and implemented in lower demand and lower density enhanced passenger amenities such as level areas to provide connectivity to a transfer point Station Spacing: ½ to 1 mile boarding, off-board fare collection, and covered/ or a larger transit network. Vehicle type varies Runningway Type: Mostly dedicated, minimal enclosed waiting areas. Some branding based on demand. shared with traffi c is typical of rapid bus services. Example Systems: Baltimore, Portland, 1 Minneapolis, Dallas, Salt Lake City, Denver, Station/Stop Spacing: 1-3 blocks to /8 mile or door-to-door Charlotte, Norfolk Station Spacing: ¼ mile to 2 miles to Runningway Type: Mixed fl ow Speed Speed Speed Runningway Type: Mixed fl ow and dedicated lane Example Systems: Bay area, New York, Chicago, Example Systems: Denver, Alameda County (CA), to to Cape Cod Cost Cost Cost Los Angeles

COMMUTER RAIL Commuter Rail is an electric or diesel propelled EXPRESS BUS Express bus service is typically designed to serve TRANSPORTATION Demand-responsive service provided by a private railway for urban passenger train service. It often specifi c long-distance travel markets and specifi c NETWORK COMPANIES operator using private vehicles. Most commonly runs in a corridor shared with freight and employment centers to reduce travel time and includes public subsidy of all or a portion of a ride passenger rail services. Typically, commuter rail increase convenience and attractiveness for its fare for trips within a certain service area and/or carries moderate- to long-distance commuter patrons. Services typically have stops only at connecting to a transit station. Rides most trips in corridors with a high density of termini and operate with limited frequency during commonly requested via phone app, although trips with similar origins and destinations between off-peak periods. options are available for phone reservations and suburbs and a central city. cash payments or pre-paid fares. Generally Station/Stop Spacing: Limited stops, primarily at implemented in very low-density areas where Station Spacing: 2 to 5 miles route termini other transit service is not fi nancially viable. Runningway Type: Railroad Runningway Type: Mostly mixed fl ow, may benefi t Generally accompanied by solutions for Example Systems: Virginia Railway Express, from HOV or other managed lanes mobility-impaired riders. MARC, NJ Transit, Tri-Rail Example Systems: Most major cities, GCT, REX in Fairfax County and Alexandria Station/Stop Spacing: N/A, no stations Runningway Type: Mixed fl ow to Example Systems: Livermore, Pinellas County (FL), Speed Speed Speed Marin County (CA) to to Cost Cost Cost