sign in sign up
<<
Home , Baedeker, Birkenfeld (Enz), Denzlingen, Dreisam, Gottenheim, Hohengeroldseck

238 Route 44. . of the ; on the S. side as far as the (1 M.) Windhoſ, a café; on the N. side to the (1 M.) garden “Zum kihlen Brunnen', a favourite resort. A picturesque longer excursion (6 hrs. there and back) may be taken by the small , which tradition has peopled with water-sprites, to the shooting-lodge of (2847 ft.) (Ta vern), and the Hohlochthurm, a fine point of view. The following is a very interesting excursion for a whole day (one horse carr. 5, two-horse 8 fl.), and is also recommended to pedestrians. Vià Calmbach (see above) to (2'ſ, M.) Reichenbach (Löwe). Thence, leaving the main road, by a bye-road to (6 M.) Röthenbach (view of Hohenzollern from a height as the village is approached; carriages should be sent on from this point to Teinach), and (2"|4. M.) Zavelstein (Lamm), with a pic turesque ruined castle. Descend to (11.2 M.) Teimach (Badhátel; Hirsch), charmingly situated, with mineral baths and a hydropathic establishment. Thence down to the (1 M.) Nagoldthal, and by Kentheim to (3 M.) , an industrious place; then to (12 M.) Hirschau, or Hirsau (Hirsch), with a celebrated ruined monastery, and (334 M.) Liebenzell (Unteres and Oberes Bad), a bath with warm springs of long established repute, plea santly situated, and commanded by a ruined castle. Thence back to Wild bad by Hirschau and Calmbach. From Wild bad to by railway in 1 hr. (fares 55, 38, 25 kr.). Stations Calmbach, Höfen, Neuenbürg, Birkenfeld, and Pforzheim, whence trains run to Mühlacker and Durlach (see Baedeker's S. ). 45. From (or Strassburg) to and Bâle. Comp. Maps, pp. 194, 238. Railway in ºn." hrs. (express fares 8 fl. 33, 5 fl. 48 kr. ; ordinary 7 fl. 9, 4 fl. 51, 3 fl. 6 kr.). From Strassburg to Freiburg in 234–42 hrs. (express fares 5 fl. 42, 4 fl. 7 kr.; ordinary 5 fl., 3 fl. 36, 2 fl. 32). Finest views to the left. From Baden to Appenweier, see p. 200. From Strassburg to Appenweier, see p. 201. The line runs parallel with the mountains of the . In the distance to the 1. rises the grand-ducal castle of Staufenberg, founded in the 11th cent. by Otho of Hohenstaufen, Bishop of Strass burg, and still in good preservation. Offenburg (* Fortuna; *Schwarzer Adler; *Bahnhof Hôtel, near the station), a small town on the , contains a statue of Sir Francis Drake, ‘the introducer of the potato into Europe, 1586.’ Mod ern Gothic church in red sandstone with open tower. It was for merly an imperial town, and down to the Peace of Pressburg, the seat of government of the district of , or Mordnau, which anci ently belonged to the Duchy of Alemannia or Swabia, while the Uffgau, in which Baden-Baden lies, was Franconian Rhenish terri tory. The adjoins the Ortenau on the S. Branch-line from Offenburg to Hausach and Constance, see p. 257. The train crosses the Kinzig. On a hill to the 1. rises Schloss Ortenberg (p. 257). Stations Nieder-Schopfheim, Friesenheim; then

t ..}filingtº

--★ſae，

|-（

ſae?\，,

ºº…………，

）

TÆTTESTĒTISTETTTTTT

------

¿

！ººſ，

\ººſt，----&emeñº.aerº``：,

，！.

（）*

-ae）;

ſºººg.-·|-！$$gºw;ſºſiºs·-

|×●*#*（?---

_·-

……|-

-~=

·-

-„ſsºvarſſº

•w•r•mae

viðuğů，

ºsmºsnuºſſy

→|

7

o

pºſſpulsuu）

wºsºwuzwar\

wºsºnguzsvar\

ușºrgºrºn

?øqºaes

|×

| |

�

- S - ~ ~

|-|

**ņaerwºwzºwºſº），

--—−<！----

|№.ºutroſſºſaſſiſ

§¶√∞','/...,

###

！ſae|×|-

·

·！

-|-5：|-。、。

±ſaevºſuaemax:

-·|-|-

………………

ſaeſprva，ſºſſººſ

-----

~~|-

•■/*****

………………

*********.

‘

„№ž

7

’º）

Å. ：）ſ)

EMMENDINGEN. 45. Route. 239

Dinglingen the junction of a branch-line (7 min.) to (Post, or Sonne; Krone), one of the most prosperous commercial towns in the Duchy, in the Schutterthal, 1/2 M. from the main line. To the 1. in the distance, the loftily situated tower of (p. 197). Stat. Kippenheim, the birthplace of the rich tailor Stulz (p. 214), possesses a monument to him. To the r. in the distance rise the , among which the Hohen-Königsburg (p. 214) is con

spicuous. - The castle of Mahlberg to the 1., above the small town of that name, was once the seat of the old Baden government; in the middle ages it belonged to the Hohenstaufen. The town was founded by Conrad III. in the 12th cent. Near stat. Orschweier lies at the entrance to the Münsterthal, with a conspicuous church. A mournful interest at taches to this village as the spot where the Duc d'Enghien was arrested by order of Napoleon on the night of 14th March, 1804. Farther up the valley lies (11/2 M.) St. Landolin (*Reinbold), a small, pleasantly situated bath. Stat. . Near stat. the line twice crosses the . Above Hecklingen are the ruins of Lichtenegg, once a seat of the Counts of Tübingen. Near stat. Riegel the Dreisam unites with the Elz. The entire plain here was formerly a marsh, but is now drained by the Leopolds Canal. The isolated mountain on the r. is the volcanic Kaiserstuhl (p. 244), consisting principally of dolerite, the S. and E. slopes of which are fertile and thickly peopled. The line now traverses the plain between the Kaiserstuhl and the Black Forest, and commands a view of the hills round Freiburg. The Schauinsland (p. 243), Belchen (p. 271), and Blauen (p. 271), which next to the (p. 262) are the highest points of the Black Forest, are visible in the distance, rising behind the cathedral of Freiburg. Stat. (Post), in the churchyard of which Goethe's sister Cornelia (d. 1777) is interred, possesses a good agricultural school. Beyond it, on a hill to the 1., are the extensive, well-pre served ruins of Hochburg, dismantled in 1689 by order of Louis XIV. Between Emmendingen and , with its quaint open tower, the train crosses the Elz. Beautiful view of the valley of the Elz, opening to the N.E.; at its entrance lies the little town of (p. 261), with a pointed white tower and ruined castle, at the N.W. base of the finely shaped Hohe- (4078 ft.). Near Freiburg, on the 1., stands the watch-tower of the ruined castle of Zähringen, once the seat of a powerful race, which became extinct in 1218 by the death of Count Berthold V. (p. 241). The present Grand Duke of Baden is a descendant of the Dukes of Zāh

ringen. - 240. Route 43. FREIBURG. From Baden'

Freiburg. Hotels. *ZÄhringer Hof (Pl. a), opposite the station, R. 1 ſl., B. 30 kr, ; *Hôtel Foehrenbach (Pl. b), in the S. suburb (spacious apartments); *ENGEL (PI. c); *Deutscher Hof (Pl. d); *PFAU (Pl. e), near the station, with a garden, pension in winter 2"|2–3 fl. 3 *WILDER MANN (Pl. fy, not far from the Schwabenthor; Hotel, LANg, new; charges moderate at all these hotels. – "Heil. Geist (Pl, g), opposite the west portal of the Münster, R. 48, D. 48 kr.; *RHEIN. Hof (Pl. i.); RöM. KAIs ER (Pl. h); FREIBURGER Hof, unpretending.

- Cafés. *Kopf, adjoining the Engel, with garden. — Beer. Gramm, near the Schlossberg; Schaich; Bensel, Eisenbahn-Str. — Confectioners. Wolfinger, Kaiser-Str. ; Doyen, Salzgasse. Reading Room at the Museum (Pl. 20); admission through a member. Swimming Bath at the foot of the Lorettoberg, 12 kr. Cabs. For 1 pers. 12, 2 pers., ! hr. 15, 3 pers. 18, #"; 21 kr. ; "|2 hr. 24, 30, 36, 42 kr.: 3 hr. 36, 42, 48, 54 kr.; 1 hr. 48, 54, 60, 66 kr. Telegraph Office at the railway-station. Diligence to the Höllenthal (p. 261) daily. Carriage and pair to the Hirschensprung (p. 261) and back in 4"|2 hrs., 7 fl. 5 to the Höllensteig and back in 6 hrs., 9 fl. ; through the Höllenthal to the Titi-See, Schluchsee, and down the Albthal to Albbruck (p. 273) 36 fl. — Post-Omnibus through the Höllenthal to Neustadt, Donaueschingen, the Schluchsee, the Albthal, &c., a cheap and, not unpleasant conveyance; fare in the inside about 3||1, in the coupé 4 kr. per Engl. M. English Church Service in a room at the post-office buildings. Principal Attractions. The traveller should follow the Eisenbahn-Str. from the station through the town as far as the Schwabenthor, and ascend the Schlossberg, a walk of 20 min. On the way back visit the Münster, and Kaufhaus (exterior only of the latter), traverse the broad Kaiser-Strasse, and return to the station by the Friedrichs-Str. Freiburg (918 ft.) in the Breisgau, a town with 24,559 inhab. (2500 Prot.), situated 12 M. from the , vies with Baden and Heidelberg in the beauty of its environs. The mountains of the Black Forest, the picturesque hills in the vicinity, the populous and fertile plain, bounded by the vineclad Kaiserstuhl, and the lovely valley of the Dreisam, all combine to render the situation highly attractive. For nearly 300 years Freiburg belonged to the House of Haps burg; it suffered much in the Thirty Years' War; in 1677 it was taken by the French, fortified by Vauban, and confirmed to them by the Peace of Nymwegen in 1678; by the Peace of Ryswyk in 1697 it was given back to Austria, but conquered by Willars in 1713, after an obstinate defence. It was again restored to Austria by the Peace of in 1714, besieged and taken by the French in 1745, and then, after the destruction of the fortifications, once more made over to Austria by the Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1748. The Breisgau, an hereditary possession of the house of Austria, of which Freiburg was the capital, was annexed to Baden by the Peace of Pressburg in 1806, and the town thus restored to the descend ants of the house of Zähringen, by which it was originally founded. Many old and wealthy families still reside here. Notwithstanding its antiquity Freiburg contains few remarkable edifices, except the Cathedral and the Merchants' Hall, a de ficiency for which it is indebted to its almost total destruction by “he French under Marshal Coigny in 1747. |'|}}';';###|

||į.#######}}·|

|-#######į |. ||};#šſaip.º;*|| |-|-·-----

520.Post|-E.

|w.

18.Lºwek.ſ.r.ž.š.: 19.

17. #:#'）;##£§!" 21.

liſäſſä，|-·

FREIBURG.

Denkm.v.ºff;&#------

−−

Rathhaws.b.3.Ē.ſ.]

Kunsf. waisenhausk.s.（ſº|-*i,Rheinischer

Museum.

Lese

Ges/E.

##1+

----

2.#:#|| 3.EË.|

3.|-Ë:Íſå

…--

~-

-

Römischer-Madser.D.ſ.

ſoºB.3.

H.

*á

*

| ]

to Bále. FREIBURG, 45. Route, 241

The streets are supplied with streams of pure water from the Dreisam, which gives them an agreeable freshness in summer. The archiepiscopal jurisdiction extends over the Grand Duchy of Baden and the Hohenzollern principalities. The archbishop is also primate of the church of the Upper-Rhine, comprising the bishoprics of Rothenburg, Freiburg, , Fulda, and Limburg. The University (Pl. 23), founded in 1456 by Archduke Albert IV., boasts of one of the most learned Rom. Cath. faculties in Ger many (300 students). Most of the lectures are delivered in the uni versity-buildings in the town; those on medical subjects in the new Anatomiegebäude (Pl. 1), to the N.W. of the Protestant Church, where the Anatomical Museum is also established. In front of the university stands a statue of the Franciscan Ber thold Schwarz (Pl. 6), the inventor of gunpowder (1340), as the reliefs indicate. Opposite is the Franciscan Church, with fine clois ters. The monument of Rotteck the historian (d. 1840) was formerly here, but has been removed to the Rotteck-Platz in the Eisenbahn Strasse, where he once resided. The *Cathedral, or Münster (Pl. 14), almost the only perfect Go thic church in Germany, an edifice of red sandstone, darkened by age, is deservedly admired for the symmetry of its proportions and its tasteful decorations. It was probably begun by Conrad of Zāh ringen in 1122; the transept and lower part of the side-towers, which are Romanesque, appear to be the most ancient portion. The body of the church, W. side, and tower (397 ft.), the finest part of the building, date from 1236. The tower, supported by a square substructure, is of octagonal form, terminating in a bold pyramid of exquisite open-work. Beneath it is the principal Portal, richly sculptured; on the r. the seven sleeping virgins, the seven arts, St. Margaret, and St. Catharine; on the 1. the seven watchful virgins and figures of saints. In front of the Portal are three columns, sup porting poor statues of the Virgin, St. Alexander, and St. Lambert, the patron of the church. The N. side is less richly decorated than the S. side. Around the building are numerous statues of saints, pro phets, and allegorical figures in niches. The S. Portal is unfor tunately disfigured with a portico of the 17th cent. The *Interior (114 yds. long, 34 yds. wide, 34 yds. high), with its magnificent stained-glass windows of different dates, is most im pressive. The best time to visit it is between 10.30 a. m. and 7 p.m., when there is no service (the sacristan admits visitors to the choir, fee 18 kr.). The following are the most interesting objects, beginning on the r. S. A is le. Good stained-glass windows of the 15th cent. The four Evangelists in stained-glass (4th window), after Dürer, by Helmle, 1822. Tombstone with high-relief of Berthold V. of Zähringen, the last of his line (d. 1218). In the Holy Sepulchre Chapel the Saviour on a sarcophagus, with a small aperture in the chest, opened on Good Friday to receive a portion of the host; beneath it the watchmen of the sepulchre, asleep. fine old sculptures. The eight small stained-glass scenes from the Passion

B.EDEKER's Rhine. 5th Edit, - 16 242 Route 46. FREIBURG. From Baden designed by Dürer, executed by Helmle in 1826, are beautifully coloured. The carved wood-work of the side-altars is old. That on the 1. with the adoration of the Magi, executed in 1505, is the finest. Choir Chapels. Capitals of the pillars at the entrance enriched with quaint figures of sirens, griffins, monks, and women, burlesques in mediaeval taste. The stained-glass in these chapels is damaged. — Altar pieces: 1st Chapel. *Winged picture, in the centre SS. Augustine, Antony, and Rochus, SS. Sebastian and Christopher on the wings, master unknown. — 2nd (University) Chapel. , Nativity, and Adoration of the Magi, by Hol bein the Younger, restored in 1866. Next to it the portrait of a priest, in Holbein’s style, worth inspection. — At the back of the high-altar, a *winged picture by Hans Baldung, surnamed Grün (1516), of the Cruci fixion, 1. St. Jerome and John the Baptist, r. St. George and St. Lawrence. The chapel to the 1. behind the high-altar contains a Byzantine Crucifia: of the time of the Crusades, with silver gilt figure. — The second chapel on the 1. contains an *Adoration of the 15th cent., in carved wood, with Gothic framework. Choir. At the entrances on the r. and 1., relief sculptures of dukes Berthold III. and IV., Conrad III., and Rudolph of Zähringen. On the wall a monument of Gen. de Rodt (d. 1743). — #High-altar-piece by Bald ung (1516), Coronation of the Virgin in the centre, the twelve apostles at the sides; outside, the Annunciation, Visitation, Nativity, and Flight into Egypt. Episcopal throne richly carved, 1848. M. A is le. In the chapel of the Mt. of Olives a stone relief of the Last Supper (1805), and four small Astained-glass windows with scenes from the Passion, by Helmle, from designs by Dürer. — Statue of Archb. Boll (d. 1836), by Friedrich. — Monument of Archb. Demeter (d. 1842). Near the latter a sarcophagus containing bones of ancient Counts of Zähringen. — In the closed Chapel of St. Alearander is preserved the skel eton of the saint, in a richly embroidered robe presented by Pope In nocent X. in 1650. On the W. wall are stained-glass rose-windows, those on the l. new, on the r. old. The Pulpit, executed by Kempf in 1561, is said to be hewn out of a single block of stone. To wer. Entrance in the church to the r. of the portal 5 ticket 6 kr., fee to custodian 12 kr., who also shows the clock by Schwilgué (p. 204). Ascent recommended for the sake of examining the beautiful architecture; distant view similar to that from the Schlossberg (see below). The “Kaufhaus, or Merchants' Hall (Pl. 13), opposite the S. portal of the Münster, was erected in the 15th cent. The front rests on five pillars, forming a portico, above which is a balcony with two projecting turrets, covered with coloured tiles and painted arms in relief; on the outer wall, small statues of the emperors of Austria with inscriptions. The Romanesque *Protestant Church (Pl. 16), at the N. end of the Kaiser-Strasse , was erected in 1839 with materials from the ruined abbey church of Thennenbach. Interior simple and chaste, with paintings by Dürr. Nearly opposite are Barracks (Pl. 12), built by the Austrian government in 1776, and farther E. the Kunsthalle (Pl. 17). The ancient Gothic * Fountain in the Kaiser-Strasse, with sta tues of saints, knights, and bishops in niches, merits inspection. A second fountain farther S. in the same street, with a statue of Berthold III., the founder of Freiburg (1120), bears inscriptions enumerating the various benefactors of the town. A third fountain with the statue of Archduke Albert, the founder of the university 1456), has recently been erected in the N. part of the street. to Bále. FREIBURG. 45. Route. 243

Near the St. Martinsthor(PI. D. 4) St. Martin sharing his cloak with a beggar is represented on the wall. The inscription on the gateway commemorates the brave resistance of the townspeople when attacked by the French in 1796. Beyond the Schwabenthor (PI. F, 4) a broad path to the 1. leads through vineyards to the *Schlossberg (427 ft.), once defended by two castles, which were destroyed by the French in 1744, during the Bavarian War of Succession. The ruins with their massive walls, vaults, fosses, etc., are converted into pleasure grounds. Iron indicator at the top, with numerous names of places which are not visible. To the E. lies the green and well-peopled Kirch zarter Thal, watered by the Dreisam; in the background the en trance to the Höllenthal; nearly due S. the Schauinsland (see be low), to the r. of it the Belchen (p. 271), the second highest peak of the Black Forest; S.W. the Schönberg (2132 ft.), in front of it the Chapel of Loretto (see below); W. the blue chain of the Vosges and the Rhine. From the plain rises the Kaiserstuhl (see below), sloping towards the S. into a rich plain bounded by the spurs of the Black Forest Mts. In the foreground Freiburg with its beau tiful cathedral-tower; to the r. the tower of the Protestant Church. From the large ‘Rondel' (Canonen-Platz) a path through a gate leading to Schaich's Schlösschen, a restaurant, is the shortest way back to the town. Another path leads from the Schlossberg N. E. to the (1/2 M.) Jägerhäuschen (fine view), from which the tra veller may return to (11/2 M.) Freiburg by the suburb of Herdern. The *Loretto Chapel (1086 ft.) on the Schlierberg, 1 M. to the S. of the town, deserves a visit for the view, which embraces the charming Günthersthal, with an ancient monastery, converted into a brewery and spinning factory, not visible from the Schlossberg. This height was defended by the Imperial General Mercy against the French under Turenne in 1644. The cannon-ball built into the wall of the chapel above the door was fired against the troops of Louis XV. about a hundred years later. Beautiful walks from Freiburg to the Schönberg (2118 ft.) (11/2 hr. S.W., through the Günthersthal); to the *Kybfelsen (2716 ft.) (18/4 hr. S.E.; at the entrance to the wood, before reaching the Günthersthal, the road to the l. must be taken, see finger post), and back by the Günthersthal, or through the Kappeler Thal to Littenweiler (see below). Also to St. Ottilien (1516 ft.), a chapel and inn 11/4 hr. to the N.E.; then to the Rosskopf (2254 ft.) in 18/4 hr., and thence to the Jägerhäuschen, or the castle of Zāh ringen (p. 239). Excursion to the Höllenthal, see p. 261. The Schau ins Land, or Erzkasten(4219 ft.), the nearest of the higher mountains of the Black Forest, may be conveniently visited . as follows: by carr. (one-horse 3 fl.) to the Molz-Bauer in the Kap peler Thal, 11/4 hr.; walk to the summit in 2/3 hrs. ; descend in 16+ 244 Route 45. . From Baden

21/2 hrs. to the Baths of Littenweiler, where dine; return in the afternoon to Freiburg (3M.) on foot or by omnibus. The road ascends from Freiburg in the valley of the Dreisam to (3 M.) Bad Littenweiler (1063 ft. ; unpretending), at the entrance to the Kappeler Thal, with powerful chalybeate waters, better adapted for baths than for drinking, and whey-cure. Fine view of the mountains towards the E., § which rise the towers of the suppressed monastery of St. Peter (2369 ft.). The road then leads to the S. into the Kappeler Thal to (12 M.) Kampel, and the (1"|2 M.) Molzbauer, where a steeper ascent begins; 40 min., to the r. by a cottage; 8 min.., keep to the r., following the course of the brook; 12 min., the Herder, a group of four cottages (refreshments); |A hr., a brook, where a steep ascent, partly over loose stones, begins; M0 min., a spot where landslips took place in 1849 and 1855. Then ascend a little to the 1., passing a delicious spring, to the crest of the mountain in 20 min. , and in 10 min. more to the Cross at the top , where a fine view is enjoyed (comp. p. 243). About 34 hr. to the S. are the houses An der Halde, the highest of which, to the r. , is the Rössle, a clean country inn, on the road from Todtnau in the Wiesenthal to Freiburg. The Feldberg (p. 262) is 2|2 hrs. to the E., the Belchen the same distance to the S.W. The Kaiserstuhl, a basaltic mountain region about 42 sq. M. in area, and entirely planted with the vine, rises from the plain in upwards of forty peaks between the Dreisam and the Rhine, to the N.E. of Alt-Breisach. A visit may be paid to it from Freiburg as follows. By railway to Riegel (p. 239), and thence by the post-omnibus, which runs several times daily, to Endingen (Pfau) in 40 min. Ascend in 11/4 hr. to the *Chapel of St. Catharine (1620 ft.), which commands a superb view of the plain of the Rhine as far as Strassburg, of the Vosges, and the Black Forest. De scend to Schehlingen, and proceed to , where the high road traversing the district from E. to W. is reached. Ascend this road to the l. (E.) to the top of the hill, where a finger-post on the r. indicates the way to the Newn Linden (1833 ft.), the highest point of the Kaiserstuhl. Descend thence, either towards the S.E. to (1/2 hr.) Bickensohl and (3/4 hr.) , or return to the high road and descend by it to (3 M.) Gottenheim (see below). Railway from Ihringen, or from Gottenheim, to Freiburg, see below. From Freiburg to Colm ar. Railway to Alt-Breisach in 40 min. (fares 1 fl. 12, 48, 30 kr.); diligence thence to Neu-Breisach and Colmar three times daily in 3 hrs. The line at first runs to the N., traversing the Mooswald, a marshy tract; it then crosses the Dreisam - Canal, and turns to the W., between the undulating and fertile slopes of the Tuni-Berg on the 1., and the Kaiserstuhl on the r. Stations Hugstetten, Gottenheim, Ihringen. Breisach, or Alt-Breisach (744 ft.) (*Deutscher Kaiser, or Post; Ochs; Wilder Mann, near the station) the Roman Mons Brisiacus, an old town, with 4500 inhab., situated on the extreme S.W. spur of the vine-clad Kaiserstuhl, at the foot of a rock rising precipitous ly to a height of 240 ft. above the Rhine, is a picturesque looking place. As lately as the 10th cent., the Rhine is said to have flowed "und the town, which was anciently an important fortress and re to Bále. MüLLHEIM. 45. Route. 245 garded as the key of Germany. After 1331 it belonged to Austria, in 1638 it was taken after a long siege by the Swedes under Bern hard von Weimar; after his death garrisoned by the French; in 1700 again in possession of Austria, in 1703 taken by Tallard and Vauban, and in 1714 restored to the Austrians. In 1740 a change in the course of the Rhine proved so detrimental to the fortifications, that they were abandoned and partly demolished by the Austrians, and then completely destroyed by the French in 1793. There is an old saying with regard to Breisach, with illustrates the entire inability of the then disunited Germans to repel the attacks of the French:

- Limes eram Gallis, nunc pons et janua fio; - Si pergunt, Gallis nullibi limes erit! On the highest point in the town rises the * Cathedral of St. Stephen, a cruciform edifice. The choir, supported by an open substructure, the S. tower, and the W. half of the nave are Gothic, dating from the 14th cent.; the transept and N. tower Romanesque. It contains a beautiful rood-loft of the latter part of the 15th cent., and a good winged altar-piece in carved wood, executed in 1526 by Hans Lievering (?), representing the Coronation of the Virgin. Two large pictures in the choir by Dürr, 1851. Fine view from the terrace. On the opposite bank of the river are the remains of Fort Mortier (see below). — To the S. rises the Eckardsberg, with frag ments of an old fortress. At the base of the Kaiserstuhl, on the Rhine, 7"|2 M. to the N. of Brei sach, lies the ruin of Sponeck (*Inn), commanding a ſine view of Alsace, the Vosges Mts., &c. The Rhine is here crossed by a bridge of boats. The Road to Colmar (omnibus see above) passes Fort Mortier, which was destroyed during the siege of Neu-Breisach in 1870, and Neu-Breisach (Hôtel de ), a fortress constructed by Wau ban in 1700, and taken by the Germans on 10th Nov. 1870, after a siege of eight days. The town, which consists of one-storeyed houses coeval with the fortifications, is singularly dull. Colmar (p. 218) is about 10 M. distant. From Freiburg to Bále. The train skirts the vine-clad W. spurs of the Black Forest. To the r. rise the S. slopes of the Kai serstuhl (p. 244). Stat. St. Georgen; to the 1. the Schönberg (p. 243). Beyond stat. , on an eminence to the 1., at the entrance to the Münsterthal, which is terminated by the Belchen (p. 271), rises the Staufenburg (p. 272). Stat. Krotzingen (*Post; omnibus to Staufen, p. 272). The small town of (Adler; Kreuz), once the seat of the Master of the Maltese Order, is 3/4 M. from the station. To the E. lies the small Bad (Grether), prettily situated amidst wood, in a valley 11/2 M. from the railway. Stat. . Müllheim (882 ft.) (*Kittler, at the upper end of the town; Schwan; Krome), a small town, 1 M. in length lying on the hill side , 1/2 M. from the station, is noted for the Markgräfler win 246. Route 45. , BALE.

produced in the neighbourhood. Omnibus to (p. 269) in 1 hr., fare 30 kr. Travellers arriving late are recommended to pass the night at Müllheim, as the hotels at Badenweiler are occasio nally full. To the W. of Müllheim, on the Rhine, 1/2 M. from the station, lies Neuenburg (Hirsch), the greater part of which was carried away by an inundation many years ago. It was besieged in 1633–34 by Bernhard von Weimar, who ended his heroic career in 1639, having probably been poi soned by order of Richelieu, who dreaded the Duke's independent proceed ings in Alsace. Beyond Schliengen (* Krone) the line approaches the Rhine,

here divided by islands into several arms. - Stations Bellingen, Rheinweiler, Kleinkems. Then three short tunnels through the “Isteiner Klotz’, a limestone cliff overhanging the water, to stat. Efringen. The construction of the line, which winds along the hill-side high above the river, is an object of inter est between Bellingen and Efringen. At stat. Eimeldingen (878 ft.) the train crosses the Kander, beyond which a fine view is disclosed of the course of the Rhine, Alsace, and the Jura beyond Bâle. Sta tions Haltingen, Leopoldshöhe. To the r., on the opposite bank, is the old fortress of Hüningen. The station at Klein- is 1/2 M. from the Rhine - bridge, to which a broad street leads direct, and 11/2 M. from the central-station at Băle. Băle. Hotels. *TRois Rors (Pl. a), on the Rhine, R. from 2, L. i2. B. 112, D. M., A. 1 fr. ; *Hotel, EULER, Schweizerhof, both at the Central Station, R. from 2, L. and A. 11|a, Omnibus 1 fr. ; GoldNER FALKE, a little farther distant, at the corner of the Elisabethen-Str. — "WildER MANN (Pl. c.), +Storch (Pl. b), *KRoNE (PI. d), *Kopf (Pl. e), all somewhat more moderate. Hotel, DE LA Poste. *Schi FF, unpretending. — At Klein Basel, on the opposite bank of the Rhine : *KREUz (Pl. h), with its back to the Rhine : *BAR (Pl. g), opposite the latter, both unpretending, R. 112, B. 1, A. J. fr. ; Hôtel, SchriedER, at the Baden station. Cafés. *Trois Rois, two houses above the hotel of that name; *Café National at Klein-Basel, near the bridge; Café de Bāle near the theatre. — Restaurants. At the * Central and *Baden stations; Kibiger, Barfüsser-Platz; Schumacher, opposite the Central Station, moderate. Sommer-Casino (Pl. 18) not far from the monument of St. Jacob ; concert Wed. 6–9 p. m. Thoma's beer-garden, near the Central Station. The hotels and cafés are also restaurants. Conveyances. Omnibus from the station to the town (50 lbs. luggage free) |2 fr., from the Baden to the Swiss station 1 fr. — Cabs: "|4 hr, 1– 2 pers. 80 c. , 3–4, pers. 1 fr. 20 c. , by the hour 2–3 fr. , to or from the station 1–4 pers. 12 fr. ; from one station to the other 1–2 pers. 1"|2, 3 –4 pers. 2"|2 fr. ; each box 30 c. Railway-Stations. Baden-Station at Klein-Basel, "|2 M. (straight) from the Rhine bridge. — The stations of the Alsace and Swiss lines are united at the Central Station at Bâle, on the S. side of the town, 11|, M. from the Rhine-bridge. The waiting-rooms for the Alsace line are to the r., those for the Swiss line to the 1. Post and Telegraph Office (Pl. 15) in the Freien-Strasse and at the Central Station. Baths in the Rhine near the Münster, entered from the Pfalz (p. 248), 50 c. – Warm baths: Sigmund, Leonhard-Str. ; Meyer-Ritter, Elisabethen Str. Newspapers at the WLese-Gesellschaft near the Münster, Strangers intro duced by a member.

, º&fe 4 Gr. Basel F5 $ 26entralbahnhof' - H6. 3 Denkmal ºf Jacob †† Sº * Q * haz/haºzchen barºwser fºr es. Kirchen. 5.ºf/ban ſchem. h7oster, G23 6.5 tºn.sorbeth G., 7.* Leonhard 8.*.*.*Marvin 9.7/minster To refers ar. II Preaſizer. 12 hornhºur 13. Mºssroºmshawar Prº/useren ºbſtof/e/-) 15 folizei 16 rost *Zºeyraz”, 17 ºathhazzº 18&ommer-ºasino 19.9%ara/ 20.Strºhn.sta/t |2L/rºbuna/ ºnroerwaz * Zeauhaus 2. Theater -

KI. Basel iºbaalºhe-Bahnhof Rirchen 25.st Czara 26.sºſheodor 2: hinderwarraf 28 ºnventha/ 29/ºzºenſaws Gasthöfe --- ... Rasei

tº storch. D5 e Azºr c hºlder. Marºn E5.f. ºvar, in Kl. Basel g ºr D 3|h_hºrea:

Maass.stab 1:14,500 e-ºe- -

Münster. BALE. 45. Route. 247

Leckerli, a kind of cake regarded as a specialty of Bâle, may be pur chased of Steigers, Schneidergasse, near the Storch. English Church Service at the Three Kings Hotel. Băle (869 ft.), or Basel (comp. Baedeker's ), the capital of the canton Basel-Stadt (pop. 44,834; 12,019 Rom. Cath.), is first mentioned in 374 as Basilea, having been probably founded by the Roman army when it fell back on the Rhine near the old Colonia Augusta Rauracorum (founded B. C. 27 by L. Munatius Plancus, now Basel Augst, 5 M. from Băle on the 1. bank of the Rhine). Bâle is indebted for its wealth and prosperity to its ad vantageous position at the junction of the frontiers of Germany,

France, and Switzerland. - The town lies on the 1. bank of the Rhine, and is connected with Klein-Basel by a wooden bridge, 200 yds. in length. In the middle of it, on the r. side rises a red sandstone obelisk, with a

thermometer, barometer, etc. - The *Münster (Pl. 9), an imposing edifice, with two lofty towers, formerly the Cathedral of the see of Bâle (bishop's residence now at Soleure), was built by the Emp. Henry II. in 1010–1019, and restored in 1185, after a fire. In 1356 the old building was all but levelled by an earthquake, but was afterwards rebuilt in the Gothic style. Of the original Romanesque structure the N. portal, or St. Gallus gateway, still exists, adorned with statues of the Evangelists, John the Baptist, and other saints; over the door is a relief of the wise and foolish virgins; at the sides, in six niches, are the works of charity; at the top Christ on the Judg ment – seat, and the angels at the last day, by whose trumpet mortals are so taken by surprise that they have barely time to don their garments. The W. Façade under the towers, with the prin cipal gateway and two side-entrances, belongs to the 14th cent. ; on the front are the Virgin and Child, under them the Emp. Henry, the founder and benefactor of the Church, with the Empress He lena; on the two side-entrances two knights, l. St. George and the Dragon, r. St. Martin. The Towers, 220 ft. in height, were not completed till 1500. In 1431 began the convocation of the great Council in the Münster. It consisted of 500 ecclesiastics, whose ostensible task was a ‘ of the Church in head and mem bers', but after having disputed for years without result, and been excommunicated by Pope Eugene IV., it was at last dissolved in 1448. The Church is open on Tuesd. and Frid. 2–4. The sacristan lives opposite the principal entrance (fee 1/2 fr.). The In te rior, bereft of its most beautiful ornaments in the great iconoclasm of 1529, was re-decorated in 1852–1856 with great skill. The beautiful rood-loft of 1381 now supports the organ, a very fine instrument (performances once or twice a week in summer, 6–7 p.m.; adm. 1 fr.). Pulpit of 1486. The aisles and choir contain fine old monuments built into the walls; in the N. aisle the old episcopal throne; also reliefs of the 11th cent. (scenes from the lives of the martyrs); font of 1465, on the pillar opposite to it the tombstone of the learned Erasmus of Rotterdam (d. 1536). In the passage round the choir are monuments of the Empress 248 Route 45. BALE. Museum.

Anna (d. 1281), wife of Rudolph of Hapsburg, and of her youngest son Charles. The modern stained glass windows represent Moses and David, Peter and Paul, the Evangelists, and Christ as Judge. The crypt, which belongs to the original edifice, contains relics of frescoes of the 13th cent. , and six sarcophagi of the family of the Margraves of Baden-Durlach (1 1709). — A stair leads from the choir to the Council Hall, still exactly in the condition in which it was left 400 years ago, and containing fragments of the celebrated Dance of Death of Bâle, painted in 1409 to commemorate the plague, erroneously attributed to Holbein, and a few other relics. Here, too, is the Lällenkönig, a head from an old clock-tower on the Rhine bridge (taken down in 1839), which rolled its eyes and protruded its tongue (‘Lälli) at each stroke of the pendulum, and had been erected in derision of the inhabitants of Klein-Basel in consequence of a dispute. On the S. side of the Choir are extensive * Cloisters, built in 1362, 1400, and 1487, connecting the church with the episcopal palace, and once used as family burial-places, where the reformers (Ecolampadius (d. 1531) and Grynaeus (d. 1541) repose. They ex tend behind the Münster to a terrace overlooking the Rhine, 80 ft. below, termed the Pfalz, from an imperial Pfalz or palace to which it is said to have belonged. The Pfalz affords a pleasant survey of the green river and the dark heights of the Black Forest. Below it are the bathing establishments; above that to the W. is the Reading Club (p. 246). Behind the Münster is the house of Eras mus of Rotterdam, and a statue of (Ecolampadius. In the street leading to the N.W. from the Münster-Platz to the bridge is the *Museum (Pl. 14), open Sund. 10–12, Wed. 2–4; on other days adm. 1 fr. The Picture Gallery is remarkable for paintings and drawings by the younger Holbein (b. at 1498, d. in London 1554). On the STAIRCAse: Cornelius, Cartoons for the frescoes in the Ludwigkirche at ; Schnorr, Chriemhilde's lament, a cartoon of the picture in the Nibelungen - Saal at Munich; Steinle, Moses breaking the tables of the law, cartoon of a painting in Schloss Rheineck. Then several casts: Chapenière, David; Rietschel, Holbein. — ANTE - Chamber : 1. Holbein; 2–11, Old copies from Holbein. — Room of the DRAwixgs: 135, #136, *137. Albert Dürer; 157. Cornelius, Last Judgment, original drawing of a fresco in the Ludwigkirche at Munich. Under glass, the ‘Praise of Folly’ of Erasmus, with marginal illustrations by Holbein. — Paintings. A. Holbern Room : 7, 8. Schoolmaster's signboard of 1516; 13. Portrait of Bonifacius Amer bach; 14. The burgomaster Jacob Meyer and his wife; 16. Erasmus; 19. Body of Christ, of startling fidelity; *20. Wife and children of the painter; 21. Last Suppér; *22. Fräulein Offenburg as Lais; *26. The Passion in eight sections, a picture for which the Elector Maximilian offered 30,000 fl. in 1641; 34. The bookseller Froben; 36. A London merchant; +52, 53. 54. Fries, John the Baptist. In the centre a statue of Rebecca, by Imhof. — B. EARLY GERMAN Room : 84. L. Cranach, Lucretia. — C. BALE Room, or rather Room of Swiss Masters: 133. Hieron. Hess, Battle of St. Jacob on the Birs (p. 249); 141. Landerer, Entry into Bāle of the federal ambassadors to swear allegiance to the Confederation in 1501; *Calame, Schreckhorn and Wetterhorn; *150. Koller, Cattle piece ; 166. L. Robert, Wounded robber and his wife. — D. Room IV: Teniers the Founger, 173. Lute-player, *174. Interior of a cottage; 199. A. Caracci, Sleep the type of Death; 209. Koch, Landscape in a storm, with Macbeth and the witches; 210. Ahlborn , Mediaeval town; 211. Neber, The angels visiting Abraham. – E. BIRMANN Collection : 267. Ann. Caracci, Nativity; 268. M. Poussin, Bacchus and his train; 270. Gherardesca de Siena (?), Madonna and Child; 281. Phil. de Champaigne, Cardinal Fleury; * 282. Mabuse, Adoration of the Magi; 289. Rembrandt (?), Portrait of a girl; +291. Te: Town Hall. BALE. 45. Route. 249

niers, Smoker; 311–324, by Peter Birmann; 325–330. by Sam. Birmann. In the centre a marble statue of Psyche by Schlöth. — Room VI. (to the 1. of the Holbein Room): pictures by Steinle, Schnorr, Hess, Schraudolph, Overbeck, &c., without numbers. — CABINET of ANT1quities: small Roman and Greek relics and statuettes, found chiefly at Augst (p. 247) and Win disch, ecclesiastical vessels, E. Indian idols, Swiss coins and medals, Etruscan vases, terracottas, mosaics, &c. – "MEXICAN CABINET (generally closed): interesting objects from Mexico, two mummies, a glass case with curiosities from Peru and Chili. The University Library in the same building (open 2–4) con tains 85,000 vols. and 4000 MSS., among the latter the Acts of the Council attached to a chain, writings of Luther, Melanchthon, Zwingli, Erasmus, &c. The University, founded in 1459 by Pius II., the school of the great mathematicians Bernouilli, Merian, and Euler, is now attended by 130 students. The hall contains portraits of learned men of Bâle, such as the cosmographer Sebastian Münster (d. 1532), the reformers (Ecolampadius and Grynaeus, &c. tº The Town Hall (Pl. 17) in the market-place was erected in 1508 in the ‘Burgundian' style, and restored in 1826. The façade is adorned with the town-arms (a black episcopal staff leaning on a fisherman's grappling-iron) and frescoes. In the court is a statue of Munatius Plancus, the founder of Augst (p. 247), and probably of Băle also. The handsome Spahlen-Thor (St. Paul), erected about 1400, has been recently restored; the other gates, bastions, and ramparts are converted into public walks. The Fishmarkt-Fountain, of the 14th cent., restored in 1851, the Spahlen - Fountain, with a bagpiper designed by Alb. Dürer, the Roman archway in the old St. Alban's Monastery (Pl. 5), and the Barfüsser Church (Pl. 4) of the 13th cent., with very lofty choir, are also interesting mediaeval structures. The modern Gothic Church of St. Elizabeth (PI. 6), contains some fine stained glass from Mu nich. — The spacious Gothic Church of St. Clara (Pl. 25) at Klein Basel, has lately been restored. The Monument of St. Jacob (Pl. 3), about 2 M. S.E. of the AEschen Thor, on the high-road to the Münster-Thal, in marble by F. Schlöth, was erected in 1872 over the burial-place of Swiss soldiers who fell while fighting for their country in 1444. Large bodies of irregular troops had assembled in France under Count Armagnac, with 30,000 of whom the Dauphin, afterwards Louis IX., marched against the Confederates at Băle. The latter were stationed at the fortress of Farnsburg, 15 M. S.E. of the town, and on the approach of the French, 1300 men attempted to force their passage to Bâle. After a desperate con flict they were all cut to pieces near the village of St. Jacob, where the final struggle took place. The red wine yielded by the vineyards which now occupy the scene of the battle is known by the name of ‘Swiss Blood". The Mission a ry Societies of Bâle are celebrated for their excellence and the success of their exertions. The Missionshaus (Pl. 12) contains an interesting ethnographical collection from Hindostan and W. Africa. — A “Society for the Public Good", with 800 members, founded towards the close of last cent. , presides over a number of schools and other establishments. — There are other similar institutions at Riehen, 3 M. to the N.E. of Bâle on the hill of St. Chrischona (p. 266), and at Beuggen (p. 273).