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TOSS-UP

Like Greenland and the Holy Roman Empire, its name is a terrible misnomer. It was almost inconceivably small, and it initially made no sound at all. For 10 points -- what is this two-word term for what happened an estimated 14 billion years ago?

ANSWER: BIG BANG

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TOSS-UP

Like Greenland and the Holy Roman Empire, its name is a terrible misnomer. It was almost inconceivably small, and it initially made no sound at all. For 10 points -- what is this two-word term for what happened an estimated 14 billion years ago?

ANSWER: BIG BANG

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TOSS-UP

In 2006, he celebrates 30 years as a contributing editor, and back-page columnist, for Newsweek, a position he started the year before he won a Pulitzer for commentary. For 10 points -- who is this conservative pundit, who also made his opinions known for 15 years on "This Week with David Brinkley"?

ANSWER: GEORGE WILL

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TOSS-UP

In 2006, he celebrates 30 years as a contributing editor, and back-page columnist, for Newsweek, a position he started the year before he won a Pulitzer for commentary. For 10 points -- who is this conservative pundit, who also made his opinions known for 15 years on "This Week with David Brinkley"?

ANSWER: GEORGE WILL

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TOSS-UP

The InGlasCo (in-GLASS-koh) Company produces over four million of these objects each year, including all of those used professionally. Each is black, round, 76.2 millimeters in diameter, and 25.3 millimeters thick. For 10 points -- name this piece of athletic equipment used in backchecks, blind passes, and slap shots.

ANSWER: HOCKEY PUCKS OR ICE HOCKEY PUCKS

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TOSS-UP

The InGlasCo (in-GLASS-koh) Company produces over four million of these objects each year, including all of those used professionally. Each is black, round, 76.2 millimeters in diameter, and 25.3 millimeters thick. For 10 points -- name this piece of athletic equipment used in backchecks, blind passes, and slap shots.

ANSWER: HOCKEY PUCKS OR ICE HOCKEY PUCKS

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TOSS-UP

Chesapeake & Ohio Canal National Historic Park extends 185 miles along part of that 1828 canal and reaches into the heart of a major city that was the canal's southeastern terminus. For 10 points -- name that city linked, by that park, with West Virginia and Maryland.

ANSWER: WASHINGTON, DC OR DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA OR D. C.

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TOSS-UP

Chesapeake & Ohio Canal National Historic Park extends 185 miles along part of that 1828 canal and reaches into the heart of a major city that was the canal's southeastern terminus. For 10 points -- name that city linked, by that park, with West Virginia and Maryland.

ANSWER: WASHINGTON, DC OR DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA OR D. C.

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TOSS-UP

This animal is a recurring motif in Tom Sawyer. Tom suspends a live one over a stage to snatch Mr. Dobbins' toupee. He takes a dead one to a cemetery at night to cure warts. He gives Aunt Polly's medicine to a live one and watches it freak out. For 10 points -- name this common house pet.

ANSWER: CATS

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TOSS-UP

This animal is a recurring motif in Tom Sawyer. Tom suspends a live one over a stage to snatch Mr. Dobbins' toupee. He takes a dead one to a cemetery at night to cure warts. He gives Aunt Polly's medicine to a live one and watches it freak out. For 10 points -- name this common house pet.

ANSWER: CATS

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TOSS-UP

Its arrival, New Year's Day 1985, with a video of Marvin Gaye singing "The Star Spangled Banner," announced it as MTV's less-hip, mature-skewing younger sibling. For 10 points -- what is this continuing cable channel that added original programming to its mix, including "I Love the 90s," and the 1997-2004 series "Behind the Music"?

ANSWER: VH1 OR VIDEO HITS 1

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TOSS-UP

Its arrival, New Year's Day 1985, with a video of Marvin Gaye singing "The Star Spangled Banner," announced it as MTV's less-hip, mature-skewing younger sibling. For 10 points -- what is this continuing cable channel that added original programming to its mix, including "I Love the 90s," and the 1997-2004 series "Behind the Music"?

ANSWER: VH1 OR VIDEO HITS 1

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TOSS-UP

About 2,000 of them are now being raised by U.S. ranchers. Their meat is as lean as venison, and they are designed to forage in hilly terrains that are unsuitable for cows or buffaloes. For 10 points -- name this large, shaggy relative of the cow native to Tibet.

ANSWER: YAKS

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TOSS-UP

About 2,000 of them are now being raised by U.S. ranchers. Their meat is as lean as venison, and they are designed to forage in hilly terrains that are unsuitable for cows or buffaloes. For 10 points -- name this large, shaggy relative of the cow native to Tibet.

ANSWER: YAKS

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TOSS-UP

Henry Clay was holding this man's hand as he died in 1848. Daniel Webster wrote the inscription on the casket. For 10 points -- name this former president who suffered a fatal stroke on the floor of the House of Representatives.

ANSWER: JOHN QUINCY ADAMS PROMPT: If just ADAMS is answered

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TOSS-UP

Henry Clay was holding this man's hand as he died in 1848. Daniel Webster wrote the inscription on the casket. For 10 points -- name this former president who suffered a fatal stroke on the floor of the House of Representatives.

ANSWER: JOHN QUINCY ADAMS PROMPT: If just ADAMS is answered

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TOSS-UP

In 1961, at age 14, she wrote to Alan Shepard after he returned from space, asking what it takes to be an astronaut. She never became an astronaut, but 44 years later, was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame. For 10 points -- what former First Lady is enshrined in Seneca Falls in her now home state?

ANSWER: HILLARY RODHAM CLINTON OR MRS. WILLIAM (OR BILL) CLINTON

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TOSS-UP

In 1961, at age 14, she wrote to Alan Shepard after he returned from space, asking what it takes to be an astronaut. She never became an astronaut, but 44 years later, was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame. For 10 points -- what former First Lady is enshrined in Seneca Falls in her now home state?

ANSWER: HILLARY RODHAM CLINTON OR MRS. WILLIAM (OR BILL) CLINTON

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TOSS-UP

This nation's flag can never be flown at half-mast because it bears the sacred Tawhid (TAW-heed). For 10 points -- name this Middle Eastern kingdom whose flag consists of a green field with white letters spelling out the Tawhid: "There is no God but God, and Mohammed is the Prophet of God."

ANSWER: SAUDI ARABIA

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TOSS-UP

This nation's flag can never be flown at half-mast because it bears the sacred Tawhid (TAW-heed). For 10 points -- name this Middle Eastern kingdom whose flag consists of a green field with white letters spelling out the Tawhid: "There is no God but God, and Mohammed is the Prophet of God."

ANSWER: SAUDI ARABIA

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TOSS-UP

The huge eagle gargoyles projecting from the four corners of its 59th floor are oversized replicas of the hood ornaments on its 1929 Plymouths. For 10 points -- name this extravagantly Art Deco skyscraper in Manhattan.

ANSWER: THE CHRYSLER BUILDING

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TOSS-UP

The huge eagle gargoyles projecting from the four corners of its 59th floor are oversized replicas of the hood ornaments on its 1929 Plymouths. For 10 points -- name this extravagantly Art Deco skyscraper in Manhattan.

ANSWER: THE CHRYSLER BUILDING

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TOSS-UP

A cultural cuisinart, he mixes folk, rock, country, grungy hip-hop and bossa nova on his 2005 , the second of which, "Guerolito (ghair-oh-LEE-toh)," includes help from the , who backed him up on his landmark " (OH-deh-lay)." For 10 points -- who is this performer of "E-Pro" and "Hell Yes"?

ANSWER: OR BECK DAVID CAMPBELL

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TOSS-UP

A cultural cuisinart, he mixes folk, rock, country, grungy hip-hop and bossa nova on his 2005 albums, the second of which, "Guerolito (ghair-oh-LEE-toh)," includes help from the Dust Brothers, who backed him up on his landmark "Odelay (OH-deh-lay)." For 10 points -- who is this performer of "E-Pro" and "Hell Yes"?

ANSWER: BECK OR BECK DAVID CAMPBELL

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TOSS-UP

Hippocrates (hih-POK-ruh-teez) called it phthisis (THIE-sis), which became a term for any wasting disease. The disease he described later became known as the "white plague" but wasn't explained until Robert Koch (KOHK) isolated the bacillus that causes -- for 10 points -- what disease primarily of the lungs?

ANSWER: TUBERCULOSIS OR TB OR CONSUMPTION

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TOSS-UP

Hippocrates (hih-POK-ruh-teez) called it phthisis (THIE-sis), which became a term for any wasting disease. The disease he described later became known as the "white plague" but wasn't explained until Robert Koch (KOHK) isolated the bacillus that causes -- for 10 points -- what disease primarily of the lungs?

ANSWER: TUBERCULOSIS OR TB OR CONSUMPTION

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TOSS-UP

This newly refurbished Manhattan hotel hopes to refurbish its image as a literary haunt. My Fair Lady was composed there as was William Faulkner's Nobel Prize acceptance speech. For 10 points -- name this hotel celebrated, in the 1920s and 30s, as New York's top literary salon around its famous "round table."

ANSWER: ALGONQUIN HOTEL ACCEPT: ALGONQUIN ROUND TABLE

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TOSS-UP

This newly refurbished Manhattan hotel hopes to refurbish its image as a literary haunt. My Fair Lady was composed there as was William Faulkner's Nobel Prize acceptance speech. For 10 points -- name this hotel celebrated, in the 1920s and 30s, as New York's top literary salon around its famous "round table."

ANSWER: ALGONQUIN HOTEL ACCEPT: ALGONQUIN ROUND TABLE

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TOSS-UP

A score of a "duck" in cricket is equal to the number of notes in John Cage's piano composition "4 Minutes 33 Seconds." For 10 points -- what is that number, a score of which in tennis is called "love"?

ANSWER: ZERO OR O

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TOSS-UP

A score of a "duck" in cricket is equal to the number of notes in John Cage's piano composition "4 Minutes 33 Seconds." For 10 points -- what is that number, a score of which in tennis is called "love"?

ANSWER: ZERO OR O

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TOSS-UP

A fund-raising drive by U.S. women, including First Lady Mrs. Benjamin Harrison, allowed this medical school to open in 1893, with the proviso that it accept female students. For 10 points -- name this world famous Baltimore institution.

ANSWER: JOHNS HOPKINS MEDICAL SCHOOL ACCEPT: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY PROMPT: If just HOPKINS is answered DO NOT ACCEPT: JOHN HOPKINS

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TOSS-UP

A fund-raising drive by U.S. women, including First Lady Mrs. Benjamin Harrison, allowed this medical school to open in 1893, with the proviso that it accept female students. For 10 points -- name this world famous Baltimore institution.

ANSWER: JOHNS HOPKINS MEDICAL SCHOOL ACCEPT: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY PROMPT: If just HOPKINS is answered DO NOT ACCEPT: JOHN HOPKINS

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TOSS-UP

This nation's state-run radio station had its first major hit in late 2004 when it began airing "Not Only Sports" every Monday. It concentrates on soccer, and so does not cover either the St. Louis or Arizona Cardinals, even though all of its commentators are current cardinals. For 10 points -- name this city state or its radio station.

ANSWER: VATICAN CITY OR HOLY SEE OR VATICAN RADIO

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TOSS-UP

This nation's state-run radio station had its first major hit in late 2004 when it began airing "Not Only Sports" every Monday. It concentrates on soccer, and so does not cover either the St. Louis or Arizona Cardinals, even though all of its commentators are current cardinals. For 10 points -- name this city state or its radio station.

ANSWER: VATICAN CITY OR HOLY SEE OR VATICAN RADIO

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TOSS-UP

Some people are born without this organ. That isn't necessarily life-threatening, but its ability to remove debris from the bloodstream nevertheless helps humans ward off septicemia (sep-tih-SEE-me-uh) and other infections. For 10 points -- name this circulatory organ that rests behind the stomach.

ANSWER: SPLEEN

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TOSS-UP

Some people are born without this organ. That isn't necessarily life-threatening, but its ability to remove debris from the bloodstream nevertheless helps humans ward off septicemia (sep-tih-SEE-me-uh) and other infections. For 10 points -- name this circulatory organ that rests behind the stomach.

ANSWER: SPLEEN

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TOSS-UP

It means "room" in Italian. In poetics, it can be modified by "ballad," "elegiac" (el-eh-JIE-ik), Burns and Spenserian (spen-SEER-ee-un). For 10 points -- what is this word for the division of a poem?

ANSWER: STANZAS

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TOSS-UP

It means "room" in Italian. In poetics, it can be modified by "ballad," "elegiac" (el-eh-JIE-ik), Burns and Spenserian (spen-SEER-ee-un). For 10 points -- what is this word for the division of a poem?

ANSWER: STANZAS

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TOSS-UP

It was founded in Cuba in 1862, is now headquartered elsewhere, and has been owned by its founding family from the beginning. For 10 points -- name this distillery that recently authorized a first-ever stock offering in 2005 and that is the world's largest private producer of rum.

ANSWER: BACARDI OR BACARDI'S

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TOSS-UP

It was founded in Cuba in 1862, is now headquartered elsewhere, and has been owned by its founding family from the beginning. For 10 points -- name this distillery that recently authorized a first-ever stock offering in 2005 and that is the world's largest private producer of rum.

ANSWER: BACARDI OR BACARDI'S

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TOSS-UP

China has one; Ohio has one; but Switzerland has 20 full ones and six half-ones. For 10 points -- what name is shared by those cities and those Swiss political divisions?

ANSWER: CANTONS

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TOSS-UP

China has one; Ohio has one; but Switzerland has 20 full ones and six half-ones. For 10 points -- what name is shared by those cities and those Swiss political divisions?

ANSWER: CANTONS

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TOSS-UP

The premiere of his 1st Symphony in 1897 was such a fiasco that he had a nervous breakdown. It took four years of psycho-therapy before he returned to composing with his 2nd Piano Concerto, possibly the most performed concerto of the 20th century. For 10 points -- name this Russian pianist and composer.

ANSWER: SERGEI RACHMANINOFF (rock-MAH-nih-noff)

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TOSS-UP

The premiere of his 1st Symphony in 1897 was such a fiasco that he had a nervous breakdown. It took four years of psycho-therapy before he returned to composing with his 2nd Piano Concerto, possibly the most performed concerto of the 20th century. For 10 points -- name this Russian pianist and composer.

ANSWER: SERGEI RACHMANINOFF (rock-MAH-nih-noff)

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TOSS-UP

Colorado's Linwood Cemetery has updated the tombstone of this man who died in 1887, correcting his age, birthplace, and alma mater. He was born in Georgia in 1851, and graduated from the Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery. For 10 points -- name this dentist who helped Wyatt Earp clean up Tombstone, Arizona.

ANSWER: (JOHN HENRY) "DOC" HOLLIDAY

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TOSS-UP

Colorado's Linwood Cemetery has updated the tombstone of this man who died in 1887, correcting his age, birthplace, and alma mater. He was born in Georgia in 1851, and graduated from the Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery. For 10 points -- name this dentist who helped Wyatt Earp clean up Tombstone, Arizona.

ANSWER: (JOHN HENRY) "DOC" HOLLIDAY

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TOSS-UP

It predates the Nicene (nie-SEEN) Creed and was the baptismal statement of faith used in 3rd century Rome. It would be another millennium before Pope Innocent 3rd made it the official creed of the Catholic Church. For 10 points -- name this Creed beginning "I believe in God, the Father almighty."

ANSWER: APOSTLES' CREED

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TOSS-UP

It predates the Nicene (nie-SEEN) Creed and was the baptismal statement of faith used in 3rd century Rome. It would be another millennium before Pope Innocent 3rd made it the official creed of the Catholic Church. For 10 points -- name this Creed beginning "I believe in God, the Father almighty."

ANSWER: APOSTLES' CREED

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TOSS-UP

Its half-life is about 12.5 years, and it is produced most effectively by bombarding Lithium-6 with neutrons, leading to the nuclear reaction Lithium-6 plus one neutron equals Helium-4 plus one atom of -- for 10 points -- what isotope of hydrogen?

ANSWER: TRITIUM (TRIT-ee-um)OR HYDROGEN-3OR 3-HYDROGEN PROMPT: If HYDROGEN is answered

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TOSS-UP

Its half-life is about 12.5 years, and it is produced most effectively by bombarding Lithium-6 with neutrons, leading to the nuclear reaction Lithium-6 plus one neutron equals Helium-4 plus one atom of -- for 10 points -- what isotope of hydrogen?

ANSWER: TRITIUM (TRIT-ee-um)OR HYDROGEN-3OR 3-HYDROGEN PROMPT: If HYDROGEN is answered

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TOSS-UP

It has three mosques on UNESCO's World Heritage List and is justly called the world's most beautiful mud-brick city, but it's as far off the tourist path as it was during its 13th and 14th century Golden Age as a center for Islamic scholarship. For 10 points -- name this proverbially remote city in Mali (MAH-lee).

ANSWER: TIMBUKTU (tim-buk-TOO) OR TOMBOUCTOU (TOM-book-TOO)

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TOSS-UP

It has three mosques on UNESCO's World Heritage List and is justly called the world's most beautiful mud-brick city, but it's as far off the tourist path as it was during its 13th and 14th century Golden Age as a center for Islamic scholarship. For 10 points -- name this proverbially remote city in Mali (MAH-lee).

ANSWER: TIMBUKTU (tim-buk-TOO) OR TOMBOUCTOU (TOM-book-TOO)

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TOSS-UP

Her lover, Alexander Berkman, tried to assassinate steel tycoon Henry Clay Frick in 1892. Leon Czolgosz (CHOL-gosh) visited her shortly before he assassinated President McKinley. For 10 points -- who was this leading anarchist dubbed "Red Emma"?

ANSWER: EMMA GOLDMAN

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TOSS-UP

Her lover, Alexander Berkman, tried to assassinate steel tycoon Henry Clay Frick in 1892. Leon Czolgosz (CHOL-gosh) visited her shortly before he assassinated President McKinley. For 10 points -- who was this leading anarchist dubbed "Red Emma"?

ANSWER: EMMA GOLDMAN

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TOSS-UP

He co-founded and now chairs the Sports for Good Foundation and World Sports Academy that awards the Laureus (LAR-ee-us) World Sports Awards, the Nobel Prize of sports and sportsmanship. For 10 points -- name this African American who won 107 consecutive races in the 400-meter hurdles.

ANSWER: EDWIN MOSES

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TOSS-UP

He cofounded and now chairs the Sports for Good Foundation and World Sports Academy that awards the Laureus (LAR-ee-us) World Sports Awards, the Nobel Prize of sports and sportsmanship. For 10 points -- name this African American who won 107 consecutive races in the 400-meter hurdles.

ANSWER: EDWIN MOSES

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20 POINT BONUS

Though not on stage, he took as his cue the line "You sock-dologizing old mantrap!" That induced enough laughter to cover his approach and gunshot. For 10 points apiece -- who took advantage of that line in Our American Cousin the night of April 14, 1865, and whom did he kill?

ANSWER: JOHN WILKES BOOTH PRESIDENT ABRAHAM LINCOLN

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20 POINT BONUS

Though not on stage, he took as his cue the line "You sock-dologizing old mantrap!" That induced enough laughter to cover his approach and gunshot. For 10 points apiece -- who took advantage of that line in Our American Cousin the night of April 14, 1865, and whom did he kill?

ANSWER: JOHN WILKES BOOTH PRESIDENT ABRAHAM LINCOLN

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30 POINT BONUS

Its Yukon-Koyukuk (YOO-kon-koh-YUH-kuk) Census Area would, at 157,000 square miles, be the largest county in the U.S., if it were officially designated a county. For 10 points apiece:

1. Name this state with no counties, only census areas and boroughs.

ANSWER: ALASKA

2. The largest official U.S. county is San Bernardino County, in what state?

ANSWER: CALIFORNIA

3. The largest east coast U.S. county is Aroostook (uh-ROOS-tuk) County in what state?

ANSWER: MAINE

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30 POINT BONUS

Its Yukon-Koyukuk (YOO-kon-koh-YUH-kuk) Census Area would, at 157,000 square miles, be the largest county in the U.S., if it were officially designated a county. For 10 points apiece:

1. Name this state with no counties, only census areas and boroughs.

ANSWER: ALASKA

2. The largest official U.S. county is San Bernardino County, in what state?

ANSWER: CALIFORNIA

3. The largest east coast U.S. county is Aroostook (uh-ROOS-tuk) County in what state?

ANSWER: MAINE

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30 POINT BONUS

Name this structure after one clue for 30 points, after two for 20, or after all three for 10 points:

1. It was the first man-made structure taller than the Great Pyramid of Giza, but has only 1% of that pyramid's mass and was built some 4,500 years later.

2. It stands 555.5 feet tall and is topped with a pyramid of aluminum.

3. It is on the Capitol Mall.

ANSWER: WASHINGTON MONUMENT PROMPT: If PARTIAL ANSWER is given

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30 POINT BONUS

Name this structure after one clue for 30 points, after two for 20, or after all three for 10 points:

1. It was the first man-made structure taller than the Great Pyramid of Giza, but has only 1% of that pyramid's mass and was built some 4,500 years later.

2. It stands 555.5 feet tall and is topped with a pyramid of aluminum.

3. It is on the Capitol Mall.

ANSWER: WASHINGTON MONUMENT PROMPT: If PARTIAL ANSWER is given

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30 POINT BONUS

The Stars and Stripes almost didn't become the flag of the United States. The Continental Congress failed by a single vote to approve the First Navy Jack as our flag. For 5 points per word:

1. That naval flag depicted what species of coiled reptile, and what four-word warning?

ANSWER: RATTLESNAKES PROMPT: If SNAKE is answered, DON'T TREAD ON ME 2. What genre-leading thrash band, now more than 20 years old, used that phrase to title a song on their seminal fifth , the so-called "Black Album" that catapulted them into the mainstream?

ANSWER: METALLICA

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30 POINT BONUS

The Stars and Stripes almost didn't become the flag of the United States. The Continental Congress failed by a single vote to approve the First Navy Jack as our flag. For 5 points per word:

1. That naval flag depicted what species of coiled reptile, and what four-word warning?

ANSWER: RATTLESNAKES PROMPT: If SNAKE is answered, DON'T TREAD ON ME 2. What genre-leading thrash band, now more than 20 years old, used that phrase to title a song on their seminal fifth album, the so-called "Black Album" that catapulted them into the mainstream?

ANSWER: METALLICA

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20 POINT BONUS

A federally financed project run by the Rutgers History Department has made tens of thousands of documents relating to these longtime collaborators available online and on microfilm. For 10 points each -- name these leading publicists for gender equality whose 52-year friendship began when they were introduced in 1851 by Amelia Bloomer.

ANSWER: SUSAN B. ANTHONY ELIZABETH CADY STANTON

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20 POINT BONUS

A federally financed project run by the Rutgers History Department has made tens of thousands of documents relating to these longtime collaborators available online and on microfilm. For 10 points each -- name these leading publicists for gender equality whose 52-year friendship began when they were introduced in 1851 by Amelia Bloomer.

ANSWER: SUSAN B. ANTHONY ELIZABETH CADY STANTON

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30 POINT BONUS

The first of these two books introduced the characters Mowgli (MOU-glee), Baloo (bah-LOO), and Rikki-tikki- tavi. For 10 points per answer:

1. Name this 1894 book and its Nobel Prize-winning author.

ANSWER: THE JUNGLE BOOK ACCEPT: THE JUNGLE BOOKS RUDYARD KIPLING 2. Of: Mowgli, Baloo, and Rikki-tikki-tavi, which one was human?

ANSWER: MOWGLI HOST: Baloo was a bear and Rikki-tikki-tavi was a mongoose

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30 POINT BONUS

The first of these two books introduced the characters Mowgli (MOU-glee), Baloo (bah-LOO), and Rikki-tikki- tavi. For 10 points per answer:

1. Name this 1894 book and its Nobel Prize-winning author.

ANSWER: THE JUNGLE BOOK ACCEPT: THE JUNGLE BOOKS RUDYARD KIPLING 2. Of: Mowgli, Baloo, and Rikki-tikki-tavi, which one was human?

ANSWER: MOWGLI HOST: Baloo was a bear and Rikki-tikki-tavi was a mongoose

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20 POINT BONUS

By mid-2005, it was looking for a new job. Its prospects were limited by being 80 million miles from earth, but NASA said it could be brought closer if someone comes up with something for it to do. For 10 points apiece:

1. What is this space probe named for a 1998 Morgan Freeman and Robert Duvall movie?

ANSWER: DEEP IMPACT

2. Deep Impact's primary mission was to launch an "impactor" to smash into Tempel 1, which is not a religious building but what type of orbiting body?

ANSWER: A COMET ACCEPT: COMETS

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20 POINT BONUS

By mid-2005, it was looking for a new job. Its prospects were limited by being 80 million miles from earth, but NASA said it could be brought closer if someone comes up with something for it to do. For 10 points apiece:

1. What is this space probe named for a 1998 Morgan Freeman and Robert Duvall movie?

ANSWER: DEEP IMPACT

2. Deep Impact's primary mission was to launch an "impactor" to smash into Tempel 1, which is not a religious building but what type of orbiting body?

ANSWER: A COMET ACCEPT: COMETS

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20 POINT BONUS

In 2005, it saw fit to print an editorial calling one of its own reporters "a woman of mass destruction." For 10 points apiece -- name this self-described U.S. "newspaper of record," and that reporter who had spent 85 days in jail rather than reveal a confidential source.

ANSWER: THE NEW YORK TIMES JUDITH "JUDY" MILLER

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20 POINT BONUS

In 2005, it saw fit to print an editorial calling one of its own reporters "a woman of mass destruction." For 10 points apiece -- name this self-described U.S. "newspaper of record," and that reporter who had spent 85 days in jail rather than reveal a confidential source.

ANSWER: THE NEW YORK TIMES JUDITH "JUDY" MILLER

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30 POINT BONUS

It is the only country that traditionally does not print its name on its postage stamps. Since 1952, a silhouette (SIL-uh-WET) of its monarch's head has sufficed as national identification. For 10 points apiece:

1. Name this nation that printed the very first postage stamps back in 1840.

ANSWER: UNITED KINGDOM OR GREAT BRITAIN OR ENGLAND

2. Those first British postage stamps, known as Penny Blacks, depicted what other monarch at the time?

ANSWER: QUEEN VICTORIA

3. Now, spell "silhouette."

ANSWER: S-I-L-H-O-U-E-T-T-E

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30 POINT BONUS

It is the only country that traditionally does not print its name on its postage stamps. Since 1952, a silhouette (SIL-uh-WET) of its monarch's head has sufficed as national identification. For 10 points apiece:

1. Name this nation that printed the very first postage stamps back in 1840.

ANSWER: UNITED KINGDOM OR GREAT BRITAIN OR ENGLAND

2. Those first British postage stamps, known as Penny Blacks, depicted what other monarch at the time?

ANSWER: QUEEN VICTORIA

3. Now, spell "silhouette."

ANSWER: S-I-L-H-O-U-E-T-T-E

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20 POINT BONUS

Despite starring a popular TV actress, it proved to be the biggest flop ever from this company whose other live-action films based on its characters have pulled in some $1 billion worldwide. For 5 points apiece -- name this super-heroine spun off from the "Daredevil" film, the company that created both characters, the actress who played her, and the TV series in which she stars.

ANSWER: ELEKTRA OR ELEKTRA NATCHIOS (NAWTCH-ee-OHSS) MARVEL COMICS JENNIFER GARNER ALIAS

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20 POINT BONUS

Despite starring a popular TV actress, it proved to be the biggest flop ever from this company whose other live-action films based on its characters have pulled in some $1 billion worldwide. For 5 points apiece -- name this super-heroine spun off from the "Daredevil" film, the company that created both characters, the actress who played her, and the TV series in which she stars.

ANSWER: ELEKTRA OR ELEKTRA NATCHIOS (NAWTCH-ee-OHSS) MARVEL COMICS JENNIFER GARNER ALIAS

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30 POINT BONUS

Identify this letter after one clue for 30 points, after two for 20, or after all three for 10 points:

1. In Morse Code, it is represented as dot-dot-dot-dash. In literature, it names a novel by Thomas Pynchon (PINCH-un).

2. In pop culture, it titles the cult TV series about lizard-like aliens on earth, and when referring to electricity, it's the symbol for potential difference.

3. It designates the 1990 installment in the "Rocky" film series, as it's the Roman numeral for "five."

ANSWER: V

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30 POINT BONUS

Identify this letter after one clue for 30 points, after two for 20, or after all three for 10 points:

1. In Morse Code, it is represented as dot-dot-dot-dash. In literature, it names a novel by Thomas Pynchon (PINCH-un).

2. In pop culture, it titles the cult TV series about lizard-like aliens on earth, and when referring to electricity, it's the symbol for potential difference.

3. It designates the 1990 installment in the "Rocky" film series, as it's the Roman numeral for "five."

ANSWER: V

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30 POINT BONUS

Under the slogan "Americans must rule America," it elected five state governors and 43 congressmen in 1854. In 1856, that fell to 12 congressmen, while its presidential candidate, Millard Fillmore, carried only one state. For 15 points each -- name this short-lived, anti-immigrant and anti-Catholic party, and name the only state Fillmore carried; ironically a state founded as a refuge for Catholics back in the 1630s.

ANSWER: KNOW NOTHING PARTY OR THE KNOW NOTHINGS PROMPT: If AMERICAN PARTY is answered MARYLAND

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30 POINT BONUS

Under the slogan "Americans must rule America," it elected five state governors and 43 congressmen in 1854. In 1856, that fell to 12 congressmen, while its presidential candidate, Millard Fillmore, carried only one state. For 15 points each -- name this short-lived, anti-immigrant and anti-Catholic party, and name the only state Fillmore carried; ironically a state founded as a refuge for Catholics back in the 1630s.

ANSWER: KNOW NOTHING PARTY OR THE KNOW NOTHINGS PROMPT: If AMERICAN PARTY is answered MARYLAND

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30 POINT BONUS

This city's Lakewood Church is the largest congregation in America with an average weekly attendance of 32,500. It is so large, it had to add five stories to the old Compaq Center to hold all of those people. For 10 points apiece -- name this city, and the NBA and WNBA teams that collectively won six national championships when they called Compaq Center their home court.

ANSWER: HOUSTON, TEXAS HOUSTON ROCKETS HOUSTON COMETS PROMPT: If HOUSTON is answered for either team

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30 POINT BONUS

This city's Lakewood Church is the largest congregation in America with an average weekly attendance of 32,500. It is so large, it had to add five stories to the old Compaq Center to hold all of those people. For 10 points apiece -- name this city, and the NBA and WNBA teams that collectively won six national championships when they called Compaq Center their home court.

ANSWER: HOUSTON, TEXAS HOUSTON ROCKETS HOUSTON COMETS PROMPT: If HOUSTON is answered for either team

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20 POINT BONUS

A capitonym (KAP-ih-tuh-nim) is a word that changes its pronunciation when it is a proper noun, as in the novelist Gunter Grass (GRAHS), and plain old green grass. For 10 points each -- identify these capitonyms, and you can give either pronunciation.

1. A Biblical book and an occupation.

ANSWER: JOB (JOBE or JOB)

2. An Eastern European language and a shine.

ANSWER: POLISH (POH-lish or PAH-lish)

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20 POINT BONUS

A capitonym (KAP-ih-tuh-nim) is a word that changes its pronunciation when it is a proper noun, as in the novelist Gunter Grass (GRAHS), and plain old green grass. For 10 points each -- identify these capitonyms, and you can give either pronunciation.

1. A Biblical book and an occupation.

ANSWER: JOB (JOBE or JOB)

2. An Eastern European language and a shine.

ANSWER: POLISH (POH-lish or PAH-lish)

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25 POINT BONUS

Karl von Frisch (FRISH) shared a 1973 Nobel Prize for his study of dancing.

1. First -- for 10 points -- he discovered that the "figure-eight dance" and "waggle dance" was how what social insects communicate to each other the direction and distance to pollen?

ANSWER: HONEYBEES PROMPT: If BEE is answered.

2. For 15 points -- von Frisch and his Nobel colleagues Niko Tinbergen (NEE-koh TIN-berg-en) and Konrad Lorenz (LOR-entz) are considered the co-founders of what science of animal behavior?

ANSWER: ETHOLOGY (eth-AH-luh-jee)

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25 POINT BONUS

Karl von Frisch (FRISH) shared a 1973 Nobel Prize for his study of dancing.

1. First -- for 10 points -- he discovered that the "figure-eight dance" and "waggle dance" was how what social insects communicate to each other the direction and distance to pollen?

ANSWER: HONEYBEES PROMPT: If BEE is answered.

2. For 15 points -- von Frisch and his Nobel colleagues Niko Tinbergen (NEE-koh TIN-berg-en) and Konrad Lorenz (LOR-entz) are considered the co-founders of what science of animal behavior?

ANSWER: ETHOLOGY (eth-AH-luh-jee)

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20 POINT BONUS

The first ones arrived in the U.S. in January 1949. By the end of the year, only two had been sold, an inauspicious beginning for what would become the best-selling model of car in world history. For 10 points each -- name this "love bug" model, and the German company that made it.

ANSWER: BEETLES VOLKSWAGEN PROMPT: If VW or BUG is answered

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20 POINT BONUS

The first ones arrived in the U.S. in January 1949. By the end of the year, only two had been sold, an inauspicious beginning for what would become the best-selling model of car in world history. For 10 points each -- name this "love bug" model, and the German company that made it.

ANSWER: BEETLES VOLKSWAGEN PROMPT: If VW or BUG is answered

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30 POINT BONUS

Several teams in the NFL have lost a Super Bowl more than once. For 10 points apiece:

1. Which AFC team reached the big dance in 1982 and 1989, a year in which their loss was perhaps overshadowed by the popularity of the Ickey Shuffle?

ANSWER: CINCINNATI OR BENGALS

2. Which NFC team lost in 1981, and again in 2005?

ANSWER: PHILADELPHIA OR EAGLES

3. One of only three teams to lose four times, name this team known as the Purple People Eaters, that lost in 1970, 1974, 1975, and 1977.

ANSWER: MINNESOTA OR VIKINGS

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30 POINT BONUS

Several teams in the NFL have lost a Super Bowl more than once. For 10 points apiece:

1. Which AFC team reached the big dance in 1982 and 1989, a year in which their loss was perhaps overshadowed by the popularity of the Ickey Shuffle?

ANSWER: CINCINNATI OR BENGALS

2. Which NFC team lost in 1981, and again in 2005?

ANSWER: PHILADELPHIA OR EAGLES

3. One of only three teams to lose four times, name this team known as the Purple People Eaters, that lost in 1970, 1974, 1975, and 1977.

ANSWER: MINNESOTA OR VIKINGS

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20 POINT BONUS

Until 1961, chemists insisted the benchmark for atomic mass was the number 16, regarded as the average mass of one atom of this element. Physicists insisted it was the mass of the same atom when it had eight protons and eight neutrons, which is just above 16. For 10 points apiece:

1. Name that common atmospheric gas.

ANSWER: OXYGEN

2. In 1961, the S.I. unit of atomic mass was defined as one-twelfth of the mass of what common solid element when it has six protons and six neutrons?

ANSWER: CARBON

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20 POINT BONUS

Until 1961, chemists insisted the benchmark for atomic mass was the number 16, regarded as the average mass of one atom of this element. Physicists insisted it was the mass of the same atom when it had eight protons and eight neutrons, which is just above 16. For 10 points apiece:

1. Name that common atmospheric gas.

ANSWER: OXYGEN

2. In 1961, the S.I. unit of atomic mass was defined as one-twelfth of the mass of what common solid element when it has six protons and six neutrons?

ANSWER: CARBON

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20 POINT BONUS

He planned to publish it under a pseudonym, inserting a clue establishing his authorship should he ever admit the work was his. That clue was a once mentioned character named Vivian Darkbloom, which is an anagram of his full name. For 10 points each -- name this 1955 novel that coined the word "nymphet," and its Russian author, whose career it made.

ANSWER: LOLITA VLADIMIR NABOKOV (nuh-BOH-koff or NAB-uh-koff)

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20 POINT BONUS

He planned to publish it under a pseudonym, inserting a clue establishing his authorship should he ever admit the work was his. That clue was a once mentioned character named Vivian Darkbloom, which is an anagram of his full name. For 10 points each -- name this 1955 novel that coined the word "nymphet," and its Russian author, whose career it made.

ANSWER: LOLITA VLADIMIR NABOKOV (nuh-BOH-koff or NAB-uh-koff)

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30 POINT BONUS

This nation was a member of the U.N. Security Council in 2003 when the U.S. needed its vote for military action against Iraq. Perhaps coincidentally, Secretary of State Powell formally apologized, in 2003, for U.S. complicity in the 1973 coup that overthrew and killed this nation's elected Marxist president. For 15 points apiece -- name this nation and that president.

ANSWER: CHILE SALVADOR ALLENDE (ahl-YEN-day or al-YEN-day or ah-YEN-day) GOSSENS PROMPT: If GOSSENS is answered

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30 POINT BONUS

This nation was a member of the U.N. Security Council in 2003 when the U.S. needed its vote for military action against Iraq. Perhaps coincidentally, Secretary of State Powell formally apologized, in 2003, for U.S. complicity in the 1973 coup that overthrew and killed this nation's elected Marxist president. For 15 points apiece -- name this nation and that president.

ANSWER: CHILE SALVADOR ALLENDE (ahl-YEN-day or al-YEN-day or ah-YEN-day) GOSSENS PROMPT: If GOSSENS is answered

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20 POINT BONUS

The U.S. had long led all other nations in the number of people formally seeking political asylum there. In 2004, however, another G-8 nation topped the U.S. with 61 million asylum applications. For 10 points apiece:

1. Name that continental European nation.

ANSWER: FRANCE

2. In 2004, what other G-8 nation produced more asylum seekers than any other country?

ANSWER: RUSSIA

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20 POINT BONUS

The U.S. had long led all other nations in the number of people formally seeking political asylum there. In 2004, however, another G-8 nation topped the U.S. with 61 million asylum applications. For 10 points apiece:

1. Name that continental European nation.

ANSWER: FRANCE

2. In 2004, what other G-8 nation produced more asylum seekers than any other country?

ANSWER: RUSSIA

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20 POINT BONUS

At various points in the game, White makes nine consecutive moves; the White King moves into check; and the White Queen misses a chance to capture the Red Knight. For 10 points apiece -- name this 1871 children's classic symbolically based on that very irregular chess game, and name its author.

ANSWER: THROUGH THE LOOKING-GLASS AND WHAT ALICE FOUND THERE LEWIS CARROLL OR CHARLES L. DODGSON

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20 POINT BONUS

At various points in the game, White makes nine consecutive moves; the White King moves into check; and the White Queen misses a chance to capture the Red Knight. For 10 points apiece -- name this 1871 children's classic symbolically based on that very irregular chess game, and name its author.

ANSWER: THROUGH THE LOOKING-GLASS AND WHAT ALICE FOUND THERE LEWIS CARROLL OR CHARLES L. DODGSON

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25 POINT BONUS

Its flag is a copy of that of Armenia with the addition of a white, stepped, left-pointing chevron symbolic of its hopes for union with that land.

1. First -- for 15 points -- name this de facto independent land of the Caucasus (KAW-kuh-sus).

ANSWER: NAGORNO-KARABAKH (nuh-GOR-noh-KAR-uh-bahk)

2. For 10 points -- legally, Nagorno-Karabakh is still part of what other country?

ANSWER: AZERBAIJAN (AH-zer-bie-JAHN)

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25 POINT BONUS

Its flag is a copy of that of Armenia with the addition of a white, stepped, left-pointing chevron symbolic of its hopes for union with that land.

1. First -- for 15 points -- name this de facto independent land of the Caucasus (KAW-kuh-sus).

ANSWER: NAGORNO-KARABAKH (nuh-GOR-noh-KAR-uh-bahk)

2. For 10 points -- legally, Nagorno-Karabakh is still part of what other country?

ANSWER: AZERBAIJAN (AH-zer-bie-JAHN)

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30 POINT BONUS

His final symphony was long considered too fragmentary to perform, but more and more pieces of it kept coming to light until musicologist Deryck Cooke published it in full in 1975. In 2001, Sir Simon Rattle and the Berlin Philharmonic won a Grammy for their recording of -- for 15 points each -- what numbered symphony by what Austrian composer who died in 1911?

ANSWER: SYMPHONY TEN OR TENTH SYMPHONY GUSTAV MAHLER

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30 POINT BONUS

His final symphony was long considered too fragmentary to perform, but more and more pieces of it kept coming to light until musicologist Deryck Cooke published it in full in 1975. In 2001, Sir Simon Rattle and the Berlin Philharmonic won a Grammy for their recording of -- for 15 points each -- what numbered symphony by what Austrian composer who died in 1911?

ANSWER: SYMPHONY TEN OR TENTH SYMPHONY GUSTAV MAHLER

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20 POINT BONUS

The Council of Trent cracked down so hard on this ecclesiastical sin that no priest can even suggest accepting a baptismal fee, much less sell an indulgence. For 10 points apiece:

1. Name this sin of selling spiritual benefits.

ANSWER: SIMONY (SIM-uh-nee)

2. Simony is named for what Samaritan sorcerer mentioned in the Book of Acts?

ANSWER: SIMON MAGUS (MAY-gus) PROMPT: If SIMON or MAGUS is answered

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20 POINT BONUS

The Council of Trent cracked down so hard on this ecclesiastical sin that no priest can even suggest accepting a baptismal fee, much less sell an indulgence. For 10 points apiece:

1. Name this sin of selling spiritual benefits.

ANSWER: SIMONY (SIM-uh-nee)

2. Simony is named for what Samaritan sorcerer mentioned in the Book of Acts?

ANSWER: SIMON MAGUS (MAY-gus) PROMPT: If SIMON or MAGUS is answered

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