GRAUS (ESP HUESCA) Altitude: 580 M
Phytosociological Research Center www.globalbioclimatics.org Worldwide Bioclimatic Classification System S.Rivas−Martinez(+) & S.Rivas−Saenz (Adapted to Synoptical Table 14/02/2020)
GRAUS (ESP HUESCA) Altitude: 580 m. Latitude: 42°14’N Longitude: 0°22’E Temperature observation period.: 1964−1970 (7) Rainfall observation period....: 1964−1970 (7)
(C/mm) Ti Mi mi M’i m’i Pi EPi Jan. 3.20 10.40 −4.00 15.90 −9.70 40.0 7.39 Feb. 4.40 11.90 −3.20 19.00 −8.50 48.0 11.11 Mar. 7.40 16.10 −1.30 23.50 −6.60 66.0 27.17 Apr. 10.70 19.00 2.40 26.90 −3.70 58.0 47.39 May. 14.80 23.10 6.50 29.90 0.40 79.0 80.80 Jun. 18.70 27.30 10.10 34.40 3.70 69.0 109.90 Jul. 22.00 31.00 13.00 36.40 7.60 37.0 136.41 Aug. 21.00 29.30 12.70 35.60 6.40 52.0 119.48 Sep. 17.40 25.60 9.10 31.80 4.10 68.0 82.06 Oct. 13.40 21.30 5.60 26.80 −0.80 68.0 53.63 Nov. 6.80 13.80 −0.10 20.50 −4.60 63.0 19.41 Dec. 2.70 9.90 −4.50 16.50 −9.80 46.0 5.73 Year 11.88 19.89 3.86 26.43 −1.79 694 700.48
BIOCLIMATIC INDICES AND DIAGNOSIS Thermicity index...... (It): 173 Compensated thermicity index...... (Itc): 179 Simple continentality index...... (Ic): 19.3 Diurnality index...... (Id): 18.0 Annual ombrothermic index...... (Io): 4.87 Monthly estival ombrothermic index...... (Ios1): 1.68 Bimonthly estival ombrothermic index...... (Ios2): 2.07 Threemonthly estival ombrothermic index.....(Ios3): 2.56 Fourmonthly estival ombrothermic index...... (Ios4): 3.10 Annual ombro−evaporation index...... (Ioe): 0.99 Annual positive temperature...... (Tp): 1425 Annual negative temperature...... (Tn): 0 Estival temperature...... (Ts): 617 Positive precipitation...... (Pp): 694 N. of P>4T P:2T−4T PT−2T P 1 GRAUS (ESP HUESCA) 580 m P= 694 42° 14’N 0° 22’E 7/7 y. T= 11.9° Ic= 19.3 Tp= 1425 Tn= 0 m= −4.5° M= 9.9 ° Itc= 179 Io= 4.9 M’= 36.4° m’= −9.8° TEMPERATE OCEANIC (STEPPIC) LOW SUPRATEMPERATE UPPER SUBHUMID WATER INDEX CARD GRAUS (ESP HUESCA) Altitude: 580 m. Latitude: 42° 14’N (C/mm) T PE P VR R RE DF SP DR HC Jan. 3.2 7 40 2 100 7 0 31 15 4.4 Feb. 4.4 11 48 0 100 11 0 37 26 3.3 Mar. 7.4 27 66 0 100 27 0 39 33 1.4 Apr. 10.7 47 58 0 100 47 0 11 22 0.2 May. 14.8 81 79 −2 98 81 0 0 11 0.0 Jun. 18.7 110 69 −41 57 110 0 0 5 −0.3 Jul. 22.0 136 37 −57 0 94 42 0 3 −0.7 Aug. 21.0 119 52 0 0 52 67 0 1 −0.5 Sep. 17.4 82 68 0 0 68 14 0 1 −0.1 Oct. 13.4 54 68 14 14 54 0 0 0 0.2 Nov. 6.8 19 63 44 58 19 0 0 0 2.2 Dec. 2.7 6 46 40 98 6 0 0 0 7.0 Year 11.9 700 694 * * 577 124 117 117 * R = Reserve VR = Variation of the reserve RE = Real evapotranspiration DR = Drainage HC = Humidity coeficient DF = Deficit SP = Superavit GRAUS (ESP HUESCA) 42°14’N 0°22’E 580 m 7/7 y. T= 11.9 Ic= 19.3 TEMPERATE OCEANIC (STEPPIC) m= −4.5 Tp= 1425 LOW SUPRATEMPERATE M= 9.9 Tn= 0 UPPER SUBHUMID M’= 36.4 Itc= 179 m’= −9.8 Io= 4.9 P= 694 mm PE= 700 mm Imbibing 15 Sep. Saturation 2 Jan. Reserve Use 26 Apr. Deficit 18 Jul. DJFMAMJJASOND 2 GRAUS (ESP HUESCA) Latitude: 42°14’N Longitude: 0°22’E Altitude: 580 m SUMMARY OF RIVAS−MARTINEZ CLASSIFICATION Continentality Index [B1b] + Type ...... : B. Oceanic + Subtype ...... : 1. Semicontinental + Variant ...... : b. High Thermic types [B1.B4] + Latitudinal zone ....: B. Temperate + Latitudinal belt ....: 1. Low Eutemperate + Thermic type ...... : B. Temperate + Thermic subtype .....: 4. Temperate Bioclimatic types [C3a.4b.6a] + Macrobioclimate .....: C. TEMPERATE + Bioclimate ...... : 3. OCEANIC + Bioclimatic variant .: STEPPIC + Thermic type...... : 4. SUPRATEMPERATE + Thermic subtype...... : b. LOW + Ombrothermic type ...: 6. SUBHUMID + Ombrothermic subtype : a. UPPER Bioclimatic Classification ...... Teoc(Stp).Ste.Shu.Sec GRAUS (ESP HUESCA) Latitude: 42°14’N Longitude: 0°22’E Altitude: 580 m PRECIPITATION PARAMETERS Warmest semester of the year...... (Pss): 373 Coldest semester of the year...... (Psw): 321 Warmest four months period of the year...... (Pcm1): 226 Following warmest four months period...... (Pcm2): 217 Positive precipitation dryest 3 months...... (Ppd): 134 Positive precipitation dryest 2 months...... (Ppd2): 86 Positive precipitation dryest 1 month...... (Ppd1): 37 Positive precipitation warmest 3 months...... (Pps): 158 Positive precipitation warmest 2 months...... (Pps2): 89 Positive precipitation warmest 1 month...... (Pps1): 37 Positive precipitation coldest 3 months...... (Ppw): 134 Positive precipitation coldest 2 months...... (Ppw2): 86 Positive precipitation coldest 1 month...... (Ppw1): 46 Winter Spring Summer Automn Seasons Tr1−W Tr2−P Tr3−S Tr4−F Rainfall 134 203 158 199 Seasonal rainfall rhythms: P > F > S > W GRAUS (ESP HUESCA) Latitude: 42°14’N Longitude: 0°22’E Altitude: 580 m TEMPERATURE PARAMETERS Average warmest month [T]...... (Tmax): 22.0 Average coldest month [T]...... (Tmin): 2.7 Maximum temp. warmest month [M]...... (Tmmax): 31.0 Minimum temp. coldest month [m]...... (Tmmin): −4.5 Absolute Max.temp. warmest month [M’]...... (Tamax): 36.4 Absolute Min.temp. coldest month [m’]...... (Tamin): −9.8 First warmest contrasted month [M]...... (Tcmax): 31.0 (7) First coldest contrasted month [m]...... (Tcmin): 13.0 (7) Estival temperature...... (Ts): 617 Positive temperature dryest 3 months...... (Tpd): 103 Positive temperature dryest 2 months...... (Tpd2): 59 Positive temperature dryest 1 month...... (Tpd1): 220 Positive temperature warmest 3 months...... (Tps): 617 Positive temperature warmest 2 months...... (Tps2): 430 Positive temperature warmest 1 month...... (Tps1): 220 Positive temperature coldest 3 months...... (Tpw): 103 Positive temperature coldest 2 months...... (Tpw2): 59 Positive temperature coldest 1 month...... (Tpw1): 27 3 GRAUS (ESP HUESCA) Latitude: 42°14’N Longitude: 0°22’E Altitude: 580 m SEASONAL PARAMETERS Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Warmest semester...(Sms) o o o o o o Dryest semester....(Smd) o o o o o o Warmest 4 months...(Cm1) o o o o Dryest 4 months....(Cmd) o o o o Vegetation Activity(Pav) o o o o o o o o o o Ultragelid...[M’<=0](Pf) Hypergelid...[M <=0](Pf) Gelid...... [T <=0](Pf) Subgelid.....[m <=0](Pf) o o o o o Pregelid.....[m’<=0](Pf) o o o o o o o Agelid...... [m’> 0](Pf) o o o o o HiperAgelid..[all>0](Pf) o o o o o GRAUS (ESP HUESCA) Latitude: 42°14’N Longitude: 0°22’E Altitude: 580 m OMBROTHERMIC PARAMETERS Annual aridity index.[PE/P]...... (Iar): 1.01 Mediterranean index of July.[PE/P]...... (Im1): 3.69 Mediterranean index of July & August...... (Im2): 2.88 Mediterranean index of June, July & August....(Im3): 2.32 Months Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Pp(x10) 460 400 480 660 580 790 690 370 520 680 680 630 Tp 27 32 44 74 107 148 187 220 210 174 134 68 Io (Iom) 17.0 12.5 10.9 8.92 5.42 5.34 3.69 1.68 2.48 3.91 5.07 9.26 Seasons Winter Spring Summer Automn Pp(x10)/Tp 1340 / 103 2030 / 329 1580 / 617 1990 / 376 Io (Iot) 13.01 6.170 2.561 5.293 Semesters December−May June−November Pp(x10)/Tp 3370 / 432 3570 / 993 Io (Iosm) 7.801 3.595 GRAUS (ESP HUESCA) Latitude: 42°14’N Longitude: 0°22’E Altitude: 580 m Aridity Value Index (AVI) [10xPP/TP=IO]: 6940/1425=4.87 There is No Yearly Aridity Months Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Pp [P*10] 460 400 480 660 580 790 690 370 520 680 680 630 Tp [T*10] 27 32 44 74 107 148 187 220 210 174 134 68 Iom [Pp/Tp] $$ $$ $$ 892 542 534 369 168 248 391 507 926 Avm [200−Iom] *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 32 *** *** *** *** Seasons Winter Spring Summer Automn Pp / Tp 1340 / 103 2030 / 329 1580 / 617 1990 / 376 Iot [Pp/Tp] 1301 617 256 529 Avs E[Avm<200] *** *** *** *** Strong upper semiarid [1] 4 GRAUS (ESP HUESCA) Latitude: 42°14’N Longitude: 0°22’E Altitude: 580 m BIOCLIMATIC INDICES I CI of Supan (1884) [Tmax−Tmin] ...... (Sp): 19.30 CI of Gorezinski (1920) [1.7*Sp/sin(Lat)−20.4] ...... : 28.41 CI of Conrad (1946) [1.7*Sp/sin(Lat+10)−14] ...... : 27.50 + Oceanic (20 GRAUS (ESP HUESCA) Latitude: 42°14’N Longitude: 0°22’E Altitude: 580 m BIOCLIMATIC INDICES II Bioclimatic classification of Gaussen & Bagnouls (1957) + Climate ....: A. Warm and temperate warm + Region .....: 3. Termoxeroteric (Mediterranean warm) + Thermic type: 4. Mesothermic Thornthwaite (1948) Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. P−E ratio 0.26 0.30 0.38 0.30 0.37 0.29 0.13 0.20 0.29 0.33 0.37 0.31 T−E ratio 1.44 1.98 3.33 4.81 6.66 8.42 9.90 9.45 7.83 6.03 3.06 1.22 Precipitation−effectiveness: 35.26 Temperature−efficiency ....: 64.13 Moisture Index [MI=100*(P−PE)/PE] ...... : −0.92 + C1.Subhumid dry (−33.3 ESP HUESCA °C 42°14’N / 0°22’E / 580 m 400 31.0 GRAUS 300 −4.5 [7−7] +11.9 °C 694.0 mm 200 50 100 90 40 80 70 30 60 50 20 40 30 10 20 10 0 0 J F M A M J J A S O N D mm −10 5 ESP HUESCA °C 42°14’N / 0°22’E / 580 m 31.0 GRAUS −4.5 [7−7] +11.9 °C 694.0 mm Mean Max 50 Mean min Abs Max Abs Min 40 30 20 10 0 JFMAMJJASOND −10 ESP HUESCA 42°14’N / 0°22’E / 580 m GRAUS Period T−P [7−7] Thornthwaite Thornthwaite T−E Ratio P−E Ratio 30 3.0 25 2.5 20 2.0 15 1.5 10 1.0 5 0.5 0 0.0 JFMAMJJASOND ESP HUESCA 42°14’N / 0°22’E / 580 m GRAUS Period T−P [7−7] Mediterranean Ombrothermic Index [PE/P] Index [P/T] 15.0 30 12.5 25 10.0 20 7.5 15 5.0 10 2.5 5 0.0 0 JFMAMJJASOND 6