Sport and Society

Fifth International Conference on Sport and Society

16–17 JULY 2014 | UNIVERSIDADE SALGADO DE OLIVEIRA (UNIVERSO) NITERÓI, RIO DE JANIERO, BRAZIL | SPORTANDSOCIETY.COM FIFTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SPORT AND SOCIETY

UNIVERSIDADE SALGADO DE OLIVEIRA (UNIVERSO) NITERÓI, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL

16-17 JULY 2014

WWW.SPORTANDSOCIETY.COM

Fifth International Conference on Sport and Society www.sportandsociety.com

First published in 2014 in Champaign, Illinois, USA by Common Ground Publishing, LLC www.commongroundpublishing.com

All rights reserved. Apart from fair dealing for the purposes of study, research, criticism or review as permitted under the applicable copyright legislation, no part of this work may be reproduced by any process without written permission from the publisher. For permissions and other inquiries, please contact [email protected].

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Welcome Letter ...... 1 About Common Ground ...... 2 The Sport and Society Knowledge Community ...... 3 The International Advisory Board for the Sport and Society Community ...... 7 The Sport and Society Journal and Book Series ...... 8 Submission Process ...... 9 Submission Timeline ...... 10 Journal Subscriptions, Open Access, Additional Services ...... 11 The Sport and Society Book Series ...... 13 The Sport and Society Conference ...... 16 Conference Program and Schedule ...... 18 Daily Schedule ...... 19 Conference Highlights ...... 20 Plenary Speakers ...... 20 Graduate Scholars ...... 21 Schedule of Sessions ...... 23 List of Participants ...... 37 Scholar ...... 40 Notes ...... 42

Dear Delegate,

Welcome to the Fifth International Conference on Sport and Society. The conference and its associated journal were created to explore the connections between sport and its broader context, addressing, amongst other things, the organizational, educational, technological, ethical, and political relationships between sport and society.

We are pleased to hold this year’s conference at Universidade Salgado de Oliveira (UNIVERSO) in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil just days after the finale of the FIFA World Cup. This year, we are exploring the special focus, “Sport and Development”. Under this focus we will consider sports and sporting events as opportunities for global cooperation and development goals across a range of areas. Additionally, we will explore the impact of sports and sporting events on communities, nations, and international relations. The conference is happy to welcome delegates who have travelled to this event from all corners of the earth and represent a breadth of professions and areas of study. We thank you for bringing your particular insight to this important dialogue.

We also hope that you will join us next year in Toronto, Canada, 30-31 July 2015 at the University of Toronto to continue this multifaceted conversation and to contribute your own unique perspective to our annual themes, the 2015 special focus -‘Sport in the Americas’, and of course, the Pan American Games.

In addition to organizing the International Conference on Sport and Society, Common Ground publishes papers from the conference at www.SportandSociety.com/Publications, and we do encourage all conference participants to submit a paper based on their conference presentation for peer review and possible publication in the journal. We also publish books at www.SportandSociety.com in both print and electronic formats.

Thank you to all who have put such a phenomenal amount of work into preparing for the Sport and Society Conference. I am particularly thankful for the efforts of Professor Keith Gilbert of the University of East London, and both Professor Roberto Ferreira dos Santos and Professor Renata de sa Costa of Universidade Salgado de Oliveira (UNIVERSO). I also want to thank my Common Ground colleagues for all of their work on the conference, especially Rachael Arcario, Ian Nelk, and Kim Kendall

We wish you all the best for this conference, and hope it will provide you every opportunity for dialogue with colleagues from around the corner and across the world.

Yours Sincerely,

Dr. Phillip Kalantzis-Cope Director, Common Ground Publishing

ABOUT COMMON GROUND

Our Mission Common Ground Publishing aims to enable all people to participate in creating collaborative knowledge and to share that knowledge with the greater world. Through our academic conferences, peer-reviewed journals and books, and innovative software, we build transformative knowledge communities and provide platforms for meaningful interactions across diverse media.

Our Message Heritage knowledge systems are characterized by vertical separations—of discipline, professional association, institution, and country. Common Ground identifies some of the pivotal ideas and challenges of our time and builds knowledge communities that cut horizontally across legacy knowledge structures. Sustainability, diversity, learning, the future of the humanities, the nature of interdisciplinarity, the place of the arts in society, technology’s connections with knowledge, the changing role of the university—these are deeply important questions of our time which require interdisciplinary thinking, global conversations, and cross-institutional intellectual collaborations. Common Ground is a meeting place for these conversations, shared spaces in which differences can meet and safely connect—differences of perspective, experience, knowledge base, methodology, geographical or cultural origins, and institutional affiliation. We strive to create the places of intellectual interaction and imagination that our future deserves.

Our Media Common Ground creates and supports knowledge communities through a number of mechanisms and media. Annual conferences are held around the world to connect the global (the international delegates) with the local (academics, practitioners, and community leaders from the host community). Conference sessions include as many ways of speaking as possible to encourage each and every participant to engage, interact, and contribute. The journals and book series offer fully- refereed academic outlets for formalized knowledge, developed through innovative approaches to the processes of submission, peer review, and production. The knowledge community also maintains an online presence—through presentations on our YouTube channel, monthly email newsletters, as well as Facebook and Twitter feeds. And Common Ground’s own software, Scholar, offers a path-breaking platform for online discussions and networking, as well as for creating, reviewing, and disseminating text and multi-media works.

THE SPORT AND SOCIETY KNOWLEDGE COMMUNITY

The Sport and Society knowledge community is dedicated to the concept of independent, peer-led groups of scholars, researchers, and practitioners working together to build bodies of academic knowledge related to topics of critical importance to society at large. Focusing on the intersection of academia and social impact, the Sport and Society knowledge community brings an interdisciplinary, international perspective to discussions of new developments in the field, including research, practice, policy, and teaching.

Themes Theme 1: Sporting Cultures and Identities On sport’s motivations, meanings, and purposes. Includes the psychology of sport and the interplay between individual identities and access, equity, and participation in sports. Examines the social and sociological aspects of sport, the impact of cultural traditions and cultural differences on how sports are played or viewed, and the influence of sports on national, ethnic, or community identity. • Individual identity (race, gender, ethnicity, religion, etc) and impacts on sports participation • Group identities – community, nations, cultures • Values – as exemplified by athletes, fans, communities • Cultural differences or traditions • Psychology or sociology of sport • Historical perspectives on sport and athletes • Sport and community building • Nationalism and ethnic identity in sport • Exclusionary and inclusionary practices in sport: access, equity and their social benefits • Human rights in sport

Theme 2: Sport and Health On the relationship of sports participation to physical, mental, or emotional health and wellbeing. Includes the study of health, nutrition, exercise science, sports medicine, and biomechanics. Examines the relationships between health/physical fitness and other aspects of life (cognitive abilities, work performance, social interactions). • Exercise, fitness, and physical wellbeing • Sport and recreation in psycho-social wellbeing • Sports medicine and health sciences • Drugs in sport • Exercise science, sport biomechanics, functional anatomy • Sports injury– prevention, identification, rehabilitation • Sports nutrition and exercise metabolism • Sports and disabilities • Health and fitness in the workplace

Theme 3: Sports Education On learning about and through sport. Includes physical and health education in schools and communities, teaching, and coaching techniques. Examines how sports programs in schools and communities promote learning, tolerance, social cohesion, and community development. • Physical and sports education • Health education in schools and communities • Community based youth sports • Sports programs in schools, colleges, and universities • Coaching and instructional, motivational strategies

Theme 4: Sports Management and Commercialization On sports organizations, leadership, and management. Considers sports and sporting events as commercial activities. Explores the impact of sports and sporting events on communities, nations, international relations. Includes sports as a profession and the roles of professionals (athletes, coaches, media and marketing professionals) within it. Examines policies, rules and regulations, and laws related to governance and participation. • Management of sports organizations and sporting events • Marketing, branding, and building a fan base • Communications and media coverage of sports • Sponsorship, licensing and advertising in sport • Commercialization, commoditization and privatization of sport • Professionals in sport • Sports facilities: design and management Adjudication, refereeing, rule-making and game governance Special Focus for 2014: Sport and Development On sport as a mechanism of development. Considers sports and sporting events as opportunities for global cooperation and development goals across a range of areas. Explores the impact of sports and sporting events on communities, nations, and international relations. • Sport in the favelas • Poverty and sport • Relationship of BRIC countries to sport • Urban sport • Sport for peace • Sport for human rights • Sport for development • Sport for reconciliation • Sustainability and sports development • Ethics, values, and morality • Partnership building • The millennium development goals • NGO's and sport for development • Gender and sports development • Disability and sports development

Scope and Concerns

This knowledge community focuses on four logics of sport:

Game Logic Sport’s psycho-social motivations are built around a variety of game logics. Games are spaces of recreation and leisure; they are places of not-work; they stand outside the immediately functional, productive logics of employment and citizenship. However, they also reflect and reinforce the moral meanings of broader society: the values of energetic commitment; the virtue of developing skill; the challenge of striving to achieve; the rigors of competition; the rewards afforded to effort; the ethics of formal equality of opportunity (the ‘level playing field); the vicissitudes of chance; magnanimity in loss; and in team sports the ethics of collaboration. The virtues of the ‘sporting spirit’ are complement aspirational values in a wide variety of practices in education, work and civic participation.

Yet the spirit of sport sits in tension with other complex and at times contradictory forces, ostensibly less part of its ‘true spirit’ but which nevertheless at times seem intrinsic to its gaming logic. Is sport ritualized aggression, quasi-military in its formation, and to the extent that it is, is it a catharsis or catalyst sublimating other problems? Are values of competition a necessary and proper reflection of the motivations that drive market societies, or do they represent ‘survival of the fittest’ logic in which a few perennially win at the expense of the many who, game logic dictates, must lose? To what extent does game logic also tempt transgression of rules, from cheating to doping? How do we negotiate racism, sexism, homophobia and denigratory nationalism in sports?

Body Logic Sport also rests on a range of body logics. One logic is one of health, a counterpoint to work which for the majority of modern people is largely sedentary. Sport is a necessary antidote. Another logic is that of body image, captured visually in the ideal type of the physically fit man or woman. Another logic is body-to-body contact, the strictly delimited violence of contact sports or bodily co-ordination in sports of graceful movement. Another is the subtle or not-so-subtle expression of sexuality in sport. 5

However, sitting in tension with these idealizations are difficulties and challenges intrinsic to the logic of the sporting body itself. How do we make sports accessible to, and inclusive of, bodies outside of the ideal body type? How do we deal with the tendency to lionize unnatural extremes in the sporting body, and the over-exercise, drugs or assistive technologies which may be used to produce extreme effects? How do we reduce violence in sport and connected with sport? How do we address the perils of the sexualization of sport? How do we negotiate polyvalent sexualities?

Aesthetic Logic There are multiple aesthetics to sport, too. Sporting activities are driven by stories. The game is an open-ended, participatory narrative. It is a journey in time and space--the race or the match, for instance. Sporting achievements fold into everyday life narratives. Then there is the intrinsic aesthetic of movement, of graceful or impressively forceful bodies in time and space, of being outdoors or in a specially designed indoor spaces. Sport is also driven by ritual: formalised beginnings, stages and ends for participants and the stuff of spectacle and entertainment for viewers. This is the raw material for representation in conversation, media, advertising and the arts-through discourses, imageries, sounds and tactile sensations. Sport’s sites of representation are print, television, radio, the internet--indeed any and all media, each with its characteristic forms and all in a state today of radical transformation.

However, sitting in tension with a positive aesthetics are the often crude functionalism of sporting spaces, the rabid commercialization of popular sport, the passivity of the spectacle and limited and differential access to the media for different sports or categories of player.

Organizational Logic Sports are forms of social organization. They depend upon, and are always supported by, institutional infrastructures and processes of management. Physical facilities are needed. Players need to learn to play. They need times and places to practice, and coaches to lead. These are the pragmatics of doing sport, and doing it well. This is the stuff of sports education, sports medicine and sports management, practiced by and for amateurs as well as professionals.

However, how does organization logic at times lead to excessive commercialism or even exploitation? When it does it become overburdened by bureaucracy? When does leisure become work in a way that perhaps defeats the purpose of sport-as-leisure?

The International Conference on Sport and Society and its companion journal, book series and online community are places for the systematic examination a relationship in which sport oft-times enhances social life, while at other times it reflects broader social challenges as well as raising challenges unique to sport itself. These the discussion forums of this knowledge

Community Membership Annual membership to the Sport and Society community is included in your conference registration. As a community member, you have access to a broad range of tools and resources to use in your own work: electronic access to the full journal and book collections; a full Scholar account, offering an innovative online space for collaborative learning in your classes or for broader collaborative interaction with colleagues (within a research project or across the globe); and annual conferences where you can present your work and engage in extensive interactions with others with similar interests who also bring different perspectives. And you can contribute to the development and formalization of the ideas and works of others—as a journal or book reviewer, as a conference participant, and as a contributor to the newsletters and community dialogue. • Personal electronic subscription to the collection for one year after the conference (all past and current issues). • Personal electronic subscription to the book series for one year after the conference. • One article submission per year for peer review and possible publication in any of the journals in the collection. • Participation as a reviewer in the peer review process and the potential to be listed as an Associate Editor of the journal after reviewing three or more articles. • Subscription to the monthly community email newsletter, containing news and information for and from the knowledge community. • Ability to add a video presentation to the community YouTube channel, whether or not it was presented in person at the conference or is published in the journal. • Access to the Scholar "social knowledge" platform: free use of Scholar as your personal profile and publication portfolio page, as a place to interact with peers and forms communities that avoids the clutter and commercialism of other social media, with optional feeds to Facebook and Twitter. • Use Scholar in your classes—for class interactions in its Community space, multimodal student writing in its Creator space, and managing student peer review, assessment, and sharing of published students’ works in its Publisher space. Contact us to request Publisher permissions for Scholar.

Engaging in the Community Present and Participate in the Conference You have already begun your engagement in the community by attending the conference, presenting your work, and interacting face-to-face with other members. We hope this experience provides a valuable source of feedback for your current work and the possible seeds for future individual and collaborative projects, as well as the start of a conversation with community colleagues that will continue well into the future.

Publish Journal Articles or Books We encourage you to submit an article for review and possible publication in The Sport Collection. In this way, you may share the finished outcome of your presentation with other participants and members of the Sport and Society community. As a member of the community, you will also be invited to review others’ work and contribute to the development of the community knowledge base as an Associate Editor. As part of your active membership in the community, you also have online access to the complete works (current and previous volumes) of The Sport Collection and to the book series. We also invite you to consider submitting a proposal for the book series.

Engage through Social Media There are several methods for ongoing communication and networking with community colleagues:

• Email Newsletters: Published monthly, these contain information on the conference and publishing, along with news of interest to the community. Contribute news or links with a subject line ‘Email Newsletter Suggestion’ to [email protected]. • Scholar: Common Ground’s path-breaking platform that connects academic peers from around the world in a space that is modulated for serious discourse and the presentation of knowledge works. To learn more about Scholar, go to page [insert page # here]. • Facebook: Comment on current news, view photos from the conference, and take advantage of special benefits for community members at: http://www.facebook.com/SportAndSociety.CG. • Twitter: Follow the community: @sportandsoc. • YouTube Channel: View online presentations or contribute your own at http://www.sportandsociety.com/submitting- your-work/online-presentations. See instructions at http://www.sportandsociety.com/submitting-your-work/online- presentations/upload-your-video. 7

THE INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY BOARD FOR THE SPORT AND SOCIETY COMMUNITY

• Tridibesh Bandyopadhyay, Unitedworld School of Business, Kolkata, India • Jean Côté, School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Ontario, Canada • Mojca Doupona, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia • Joy Gaston Gayles, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA • Keith Gilbert, University of East London, London, UK • Jack Jedwab, Association for Canadian Studies, Montreal, Canada • Karen Jones, T.M.C. Asser Instituut, Asser International Sports Law Center; International Sports Management Program, Amsterdam University • Sid Katz, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada • Richard Lichen, Beijing Sports University, Beijing, China • Abdul Hafidz bin Haji Omar, University Technology Malaysia, Malaysia • Otto J. Schantz, University of Koblenz, Landau, Germany • Karin Volkwein-Caplan, West Chester University of Pennsylvania, West Chester, USA • Rhodri Windsor-Liscombe, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

COMMON GROUD AND THE SPORT COLLECTION AND BOOK SERIES

About Our Publishing Approach For three decades, Common Ground Publishing has been committed to creating meeting places for people and ideas. With 24 knowledge communities, Common Ground’s vision is to provide platforms that bring together individuals of varied geographical, institutional, and cultural origins in spaces where renowned academic minds and public thought leaders can connect across fields of study. Each knowledge community organizes an annual academic conference and is associated with a peer-reviewed journal (or journal collection), a book imprint, and a social media space centered around Common Ground’s path-breaking ‘social knowledge’ space, Scholar.

Through its publishing practices, Common Ground aims to foster the highest standards in intellectual excellence. We are highly critical of the serious deficiencies in today’s academic journal system, including the legacy structures and exclusive networks that restrict the visibility of emerging scholars and researchers in developing countries, as well as the unsustainable costs and inefficiencies associated with traditional commercial publishing.

In order to combat these shortcomings, Common Ground has developed an innovative publishing model. Each of Common Ground’s knowledge communities organizes an annual academic conference. The registration fee that conference participants pay in order to attend or present at these conferences enables them to submit an article to the associated journal at no additional cost. Scholars who cannot attend the conference in-person may still participate virtually and submit to the journal by obtaining a community membership, which also allows them to upload a video presentation to the community’s YouTube channel. By using a portion of the conference registration and membership fees to underwrite the costs associated with producing and marketing the journals, Common Ground is able to keep subscription prices low, thus guaranteeing greater access to our content. All conference participants and community members are also granted a one-year complimentary electronic subscription to the journal associated with their knowledge community. This subscription provides access to both the current and past volumes of the journal. Moreover, each article that we publish is available for a $5 download fee to non- subscribers, and authors have the choice of publishing their paper open access to reach the widest possible audience and ensure the broadest access possible.

Common Ground’s rigorous peer review process also seeks to address some of the biases inherent in traditional academic publishing models. Our pool of reviewers draws on authors who have recently submitted to the journal, as well as volunteer reviewers whose CVs and academic experience have been evaluated by Common Ground’s editorial team. Reviewers are assigned to articles based on their academic interests and expertise. By enlisting volunteers and other prospective authors as peer reviewers, Common Ground avoids the drawbacks of relying on a single editor’s professional network, which can often create a small group of gatekeepers who get to decide who and what gets published. Instead, Common Ground harnesses the enthusiasm of its conference delegates and prospective journal authors to assess submissions using a criterion-referenced evaluation system that is at once more democratic and more intellectually rigorous than other models. Common Ground also recognizes the important work of peer reviewers by acknowledging them as Associate Editors of the volumes to which they contribute.

For over ten years, Common Ground has been building web-based publishing and social knowledge software where people can work closely to collaborate, create knowledge, and learn. The third and most recent iteration of this project is the innovative social knowledge environment, Scholar. Through the creation of this software, Common Ground has sought to tackle what it sees as changing technological, economic, distributional, geographic, interdisciplinary and social relations to knowledge. For more information about this change and what it means for academic publishing, refer to The Future of the Academic Journal, edited by Bill Cope and Angus Phillips (Elsevier 2009).

We hope that you will join us in creating dialogues between different perspectives, experiences, knowledge bases, and methodologies through interactions at the conference, conversations online, and as fully realized, peer-reviewed journal articles and books.

The Sport Collection Themed Journals • Journal of Sporting Cultures and Identities • Journal of Sport and Health • Journal of Sports Pedagogy and Physical Education • Journal of Sports Management and Commercialization

Annual Review • The International Journal of Sport and Society: Annual Review Publication Frequency Articles are published on-line first with full citations as soon as they are ready. Themed journals publish four issues per volume. The annual review publishes one issue per volume.

Acceptance Rate 29%

Circulation 315,871

Foundation Year 2010

SUBMISSION PROCESS

Every conference delegate with an accepted proposal is eligible and invited to submit an article to The Sport Collection. Full articles can be submitted using Common Ground’s online conference and article management system CGPublisher. Below please find step-by-step instructions on the submission process.

1. Submit a conference presentation or article proposal. 2. Once your proposal has been accepted, you may submit your full article to the journal by clicking “add a paper” from your proposal/abstract page. You may upload your article anytime between the first and the final submission deadlines, which can be found on the next page. 3. Once your article is received, it is verified against template and submission requirements. Your identity and contact details are then removed, and the article is matched to two appropriate reviewers and sent for review. You can view the status of your article at any time by logging into your CGPublisher account at www.CGPublisher.com. 4. When reviewer reports are uploaded, you will be notified by email and provided with a link to view the reports (after the reviewers’ identities have been removed). 5. If your article has been accepted, you will be asked to accept the Publishing Agreement and submit a final copy of your article. If your paper is accepted with revisions, you will be asked to submit a change note with your final submission, explaining how you revised your article in light of the reviewers’ comments. If your article is rejected, you may resubmit it once, with a detailed change note, for review by new reviewers. 6. Accepted articles will be typeset and the proofs will be sent to you for approval before publication. 7. Individual articles may be published online first with a full citation. Full issues follow at regular, quarterly intervals. All issues are published 4 times per volume. 8. Registered conference participants will be given online access to the journal from the time of registration until one year after the conference end date. Individual articles are available for purchase from the journal’s bookstore. Authors and peer reviewers may order hard copies of full issues at a discounted rate. 10

SUBMISSION TIMELINE

You may submit your final article for publication to the collection at any time throughout the year. The submission timeline for Volume 5 is as follows:

• Submission Round 1 – 15 February, 2014 • Submission Round 2 – 15 May, 2014 • Submission Round 3 – 15 August, 2014 • Submission Round 4 (final) – 15 November, 2014

Note: If your article is submitted after the final deadline for Volume 5, it will be considered for Volume 6. However, the sooner you submit, the sooner your article will begin the peer review process. Also, as we publish ‘web first,’ early submission means that your article will be published with a full citation as soon as it is ready, even if that is before the full issue is published.

For More Information, Please Visit:

http://sportandsociety.com/submitting-your-work/journal-articles/submission-proces 11

JOURNAL SUBSCRIPTIONS, OPEN ACCESS, ADDITIONAL SERVICES

Institutional Subscriptions Common Ground offers print and electronic subscriptions to all of its journals, including those in The Sport Collection. Common Ground also offers subscriptions to themed journal collections and custom suites based on a given institution’s unique content needs. Subscription prices are based on a tiered scale that corresponds to the full-time enrollment (FTE) of the subscribing institution. You may download the Library Recommendation form from our website to recommend that your institution subscribe to The Sport Collection.

Personal Subscriptions As part of their conference registration, all conference participants have a one-year online subscription to The Sport Collection. This complimentary personal subscription grants access to both the current volume of the collection as well as the entire backlist. The period of complimentary access begins at the time of registration and ends one year after the close of the conference. After that time, delegates may purchase a personal subscription. To view articles, go to http://ijr.cgpublisher.com/. Select the “Login” option and provide a CGPublisher username and password. Then, select an article and download the PDF. For lost or forgotten login details, select “forgot your login” to request a new password.

For more information, please visit:

http://sportandsociety.com/publications/journal/subscriptions-and-orders or contact us at [email protected]

Hybrid Open Access The Sport Collection is Hybrid Open Access. Hybrid Open Access is an option increasingly offered by both university presses and well-known commercial publishers.

Hybrid Open Access means that some articles are available only to subscribers, while others are made available at no charge to anyone searching the web. Authors pay an additional fee for the open access option. They may do this because open access is a requirement of their research funding agency. Or they may do it so that non-subscribers can access their article for free.

Common Ground’s open access charge is $250 per article, a very reasonable price compared to our hybrid open access competitors and purely open access journals that are resourced with an author publication fee. Electronic papers are normally only available through individual or institutional subscriptions or for purchase at $5 per article. However, if you choose to make your article Open Access, this means that anyone on the web may download it for free.

There are still considerable benefits for paying subscribers, because they can access all articles in the journal, from both current and past volumes, without any restrictions. But making your paper available at no charge increases its visibility, accessibility, potential readership, and citation counts. Open access articles also generate higher citation counts.

For more information or to make your article Open Access, please contact us at [email protected].

Institutional Open Access Common Ground is proud to announce an exciting new model of scholarly publishing called Institutional Open Access.

Institutional Open Access allows faculty and graduate students to submit articles to Common Ground journals for unrestricted open access publication. These articles will be freely and publicly available to the whole world through our hybrid open access infrastructure. With Institutional Open Access, instead of the author paying a per-article open access fee, institutions pay a set annual fee that entitles their students and faculty to publish a given number of open access articles each year.

The rights to the articles remain with the subscribing institution. Both the author and the institution can also share the final typeset version of the article in any place they wish, including institutional repositories, personal websites, and privately or publicly accessible course materials. We support the highest Sherpa/Romeo access level—Green.

For more information on Institutional Open access or to put us in touch with your department head or funding body, please contact us at [email protected].

Editing Services Common Ground offers editing services for authors who would like to have their work professionally copyedited. These services are available to all scholarly authors, whether or not they plan to submit their edited article to a Common Ground journal.

Authors may request editing services prior to the initial submission of their article or after the review process. In some cases, reviewers may recommend that an article be edited as a condition of publication. The services offered below can help authors during the revision stage, before the final submission of their article.

What We Do • Correct spelling, grammatical, and punctuation errors in your paper, abstract and author bionote. • Revise for clarity, readability, logic, awkward word choice, and phrasing. • Check for typos and formatting inconsistencies. • Confirm proper use of The Chicago Manual of Style. The Editing Process • Email us at [email protected] to express your interest in having your article edited. • The charge for the editorial service charge is USD $0.05 per word. • Within 14-21 business days of your confirmed payment, you will receive an edited copy of your edited article via email. We can also upload the edited copy for you, and any pending submission deadlines will be altered to accommodate your editing timeline. Contact us at [email protected] to request a quote or for further information about our services.

Citation Services Common Ground requires the use of the sixteenth edition of the Chicago Manual of Style for all submitted journal articles. We are pleased to offer a conversion service for authors who used a different scholarly referencing system. For a modest fee, we will convert your citations to follow the Chicago Manual of Style guidelines.

What We Do • Change references—internal citations and end-of-article references—to confirm proper use of the sixteenth edition of The Chicago Manual of Style, using either the author-date or notes and bibliography format of The Chicago Manual of Style. • Check for typos and formatting inconsistencies within the citations. The Conversion Process • Email us at [email protected] to express your interest in having your references converted. • For articles under 5,000 words (excluding titles, subtitles, and the abstract), the charge for reference conversion is $50. If your article is more than 5,000 words, please contact us for a quote. • Within 14-21 business days of your confirmed payment, you will receive a copy of your article with the revised references. We can also upload the revised copy for you, and any pending submission deadlines will be altered to accommodate the conversion timeline. Contact us at [email protected] to request a quote or for further information about our services.

Translation Services Common Ground is pleased to offer translation services for authors who would like to have their work translated into or from Spanish or Portuguese. Papers that have undergone peer review and been accepted for publication by one of Common Ground’s journals are eligible for this translation service. Papers can be translated from Spanish or Portuguese into English and published in one of Common Ground's English-language journals. Or they may be translated from English into either Spanish or Portuguese and be published in one of Common Ground's Spanish and Portuguese-language academic journals. In this way we offer authors the possibility of reaching a much wider audience beyond their native language, affirming Common Ground's commitment towards full internationality, multiculturalism, and multilingualism.

The Process • Contact [email protected] to express your interest in having your article translated. • Our editorial team will review your article and provide you with a quote based on the paper’s word count. • Once you accept the quote, a translator will be assigned to your article. • Within 14-21 business days of your confirmed payment, you will receive a draft of your translated article. You will have a chance to communicate with the translator via the draft using Word’s “track changes” function. Based on that communication, the translator will supply you with a final copy of your translated article. 13

THE SPORT AND SOCIETY BOOK SERIES

Common Ground is setting new standards of rigorous academic knowledge creation and scholarly publication. Unlike other publishers, we’re not interested in the size of potential markets or competition from other books. We’re only interested in the intellectual quality of the work. If your book is a brilliant contribution to a specialist area of knowledge that only serves a small intellectual community, we still want to publish it. If it is expansive and has a broad appeal, we want to publish it too, but only if it is of the highest intellectual quality.

We welcome proposals or completed manuscript submissions of:

• Individually and jointly authored books • Edited collections addressing a clear, intellectually challenging theme • Collections of articles published in our journals • Out-of-copyright books, including important books that have gone out of print and classics with new introductions Book Proposal Guidelines Books should be between 30,000 and 150,000 words in length. They are published simultaneously in print and electronic formats and are available through Amazon and as Kindle editions. To publish a book, please send us a proposal including:

• Title • Author(s)/editor(s) • Draft back-cover blurb • Author bio note(s) • Table of contents • Intended audience and significance of contribution • Sample chapters or complete manuscript • Manuscript submission date Proposals can be submitted by email to [email protected]. Please note the book imprint to which you are submitting in the subject line.

Call for Book Reviewers Common Ground Publishing is seeking distinguished peer reviewers to evaluate book manuscripts submitted to The Sport and Society Book Series.

As part of our commitment to intellectual excellence and a rigorous review process, Common Ground sends book manuscripts that have received initial editorial approval to peer reviewers to further evaluate and provide constructive feedback. The comments and guidance that these reviewers supply is invaluable to our authors and an essential part of the publication process.

Common Ground recognizes the important role of reviewers by acknowledging book reviewers as members of the Sport and Society Book Series Editorial Review Board for a period of at least one year. The list of members of the Editorial Review Board will be posted on our website.

If you would like to review book manuscripts, please send an email to [email protected] with:

• A brief description of your professional credentials • A list of your areas of interest and expertise • A copy of your CV with current contact details If we feel that you are qualified and we require refereeing for manuscripts within your purview, we will contact you.

THE SPORT AND SOCIETY BOOK SERIES

These and other books are available at http://sportandsociety.cgpublisher.com/

Fighting: Intellectualising Combat Sport

Keith Gilbert (ed.)

This book is the first of its kind that relates specifically to the practical and theoretical aspects of martial arts in contemporary society. Within its covers are a collection of thirty-five cutting- edge chapters by leading practitioners and academics who raise questions and provide answers regarding the broad relationship between fighting and the intellectualisation of the sports that constitute the martial arts.

Understanding Racial Portrayals in the Sports Media: Why is Michael Vick So Fast and Peyton Manning So Smart

Daniel Coogan

While evidence of a decline in stereotyping emerges, Coogan identifies that factors, such as the sport, the level of competition, and characteristics of the commentator, affect the likelihood of stereotyping. Understanding Racial Portrayals in the Sports Media presents important reading for anyone interested in the complex relationship between race and the mass media.

The Tour de France: 1903-1998: A Window on Twentieth- century French Cultural History

Keiran J. Dunne

This book proposes a cultural history of the Tour de France in five chapters corresponding to five periods: the Period of Invention (1903–29); the Rejuvenation of the Tour (1930–39); the “Golden Age” of the Tour (1947–61); Television and “Stagflation” (1962–82); and France in the European Union and the Global Village (1983–98).

Recent Books Published by Common Ground These and other books are available at http://theuniversitypressbooks.cgpublisher.com/

From Stoke Mandeville to Sochi: A History of the Summer and Winter Paralympic Games

Ian Brittain

This book is a resource for anyone with an interest in the summer and winter Paralympic Games and their history.

Jockocracy: Queering Masculinity and Sport

Christopher Morriss-Roberts

This book considers the relationship that men have with their bodies in homosocial sporting environments and as such acknowledgement is given to the bonds that men make in defining their masculinity; this includes the role of the body and the environment in which this body exists. This book provides chapters which cover specialist areas such as: the origins of masculinity and sport, queer theory, sexuality and masculinity, metrosexulaity, sport and queer theory and finally provides a theory of masculinity in the context of queered sport.

THE SPORT AND SOCIETY CONFERENCE

Conference Principles and Features The structure of the conference is based on four core principles that pervade all aspects of the knowledge community:

International This conference travels around the world to provide opportunities for delegates to see and experience different countries and locations. But more importantly, the Sport and Society conference offers a tangible and meaningful opportunity to engage with scholars from a diversity of cultures and perspectives. This year, delegates from over 25 countries are in attendance, offering a unique and unparalleled opportunity to engage directly with colleagues from all corners of the globe.

Interdisciplinary Unlike association conferences attended by delegates with similar backgrounds and specialties, this conference brings together researchers, practitioners, and scholars from a wide range of disciplines who have a shared interest in the themes and concerns of this community. As a result, topics are broached from a variety of perspectives, interdisciplinary methods are applauded, and mutual respect and collaboration are encouraged.

Inclusive Anyone whose scholarly work is sound and relevant is welcome to participate in this community and conference, regardless of discipline, culture, institution, or career path. Whether an emeritus professor, graduate student, researcher, teacher, policymaker, practitioner, or administrator, your work and your voice can contribute to the collective body of knowledge that is created and shared by this community.

Interactive To take full advantage of the rich diversity of cultures, backgrounds, and perspectives represented at the conference, there must be ample opportunities to speak, listen, engage, and interact. A variety of session formats, from more to less structured, are offered throughout the conference to provide these opportunities.

Session Descriptions Plenary Sessions Plenary speakers, chosen from among the world’s leading thinkers, offer formal presentations on topics of broad interest to the community and conference delegation. One or more speakers are scheduled into a plenary session, most often the first session of the day. As a general rule, there are no questions or discussion during these sessions. Instead, plenary speakers answer questions and participate in informal, extended discussions during their Garden Sessions.

Garden Sessions Garden Sessions are informal, unstructured sessions that allow delegates a chance to meet plenary speakers and talk with them at length about the issues arising from their presentation. When the venue and weather allow, we try to arrange for a circle of chairs to be placed outdoors.

Talking Circles Held on the first day of the conference, Talking Circles offer an early opportunity to meet other delegates with similar interests and concerns. Delegates self-select into groups based on broad thematic areas and then engage in extended discussion about the issues and concerns they feel are of utmost importance to that segment of the community. Questions like “Who are we?”, ”What is our common ground?”, “What are the current challenges facing society in this area?”, “What challenges do we face in constructing knowledge and effecting meaningful change in this area?” may guide the conversation. When possible, a second Talking Circle is held on the final day of the conference, for the original group to reconvene and discuss changes in their perspectives and understandings as a result of the conference experience. Reports from the Talking Circles provide a framework for the delegates’ final discussions during the Closing Session.

Paper Presentations Paper presentations are grouped by general themes or topics into sessions comprised of three or four presentations followed by group discussion. Each presenter in the session makes a formal twenty-minute presentation of their work; Q&A and group discussion follow after all have presented. Session Chairs introduce the speakers, keep time on the presentations, and facilitate the discussion. Each presenter's formal, written paper will be available to participants if accepted to the journal.

Colloquium Colloquium sessions are organized by a group of colleagues who wish to present various dimensions of a project or perspectives on an issue. Four or five short formal presentations are followed by commentary and/or group discussion. A single article or multiple articles may be submitted to the journal based on the content of a colloquium session.

Workshop/Interactive Session Workshop sessions involve extensive interaction between presenters and participants around an idea or hands-on experience of a practice. These sessions may also take the form of a crafted panel, staged conversation, dialogue or debate – all involving substantial interaction with the audience. A single article (jointly authored, if appropriate) may be submitted to the journal based on a workshop session.

Poster Sessions Poster sessions present preliminary results of works in progress or projects that lend themselves to visual displays and representations. These sessions allow for engagement in informal discussions about the work with interested delegates throughout the session.

Virtual Presentations If unable to attend the conference in person, an author may choose to submit a virtual presentation. Opportunities and formats vary but may be a presentation through our YouTube channel or an online discussion with interested delegates at the conference. Abstracts of these presentations are included in the online “session descriptions,” and an article may be submitted to the journal for peer review and possible publication, according to the same standards and criteria as all other journal submissions.

CONFERENCE PROGRAM AND SCHEDULE

DAILY SCHEDULE

Wednesday, 16 July

8:30–9:30 Conference Registration Desk Open

9:30–10:00 Conference Opening—Phillip Kalantzis-Cope, Common Ground Publishing, USA

Plenary Session—Roberto Ferreira dos Santos, Universidade Salgado de Oliveira 10:00–10:35 (UNIVERSO), Brazil

10:35–11:05 Garden Session and Coffee Break

11:05–11:50 Talking Circles

11:50–12:50 Lunch

12:20–12:50 Featured Session: Publishing Your Article or Book with Common Ground

12:50–14:30 Parallel Sessions

14:30–14:45 Coffee Break

14:45–16:25 Parallel Sessions

16:30 Conference Welcome Reception

Thursday, 17 July

8:15–8:45 Conference Registration Desk Open

8:45–9:15 Featured Session: Publishing Your Article or Book with Common Ground

9:15–9:30 Announcements

9:30–10:05 Plenary Session—Richard Giulianotti, Loughborough University, United Kingdom

10:05–10:35 Garden Session and Coffee Break

10:35–11:15 Final Talking Circles

11:15–12:00 Parallel Sessions

12:00–12:55 Lunch

12:55–14:35 Parallel Sessions – Posters and Workshops

14:35-14:50 Coffee Break

14:50-16:30 Parallel Sessions

16:30–18:00 Closing Session—Phillip Kalantzis-Cope, Common Ground Publishing, USA

CONFERENCE HIGHLIGHTS

Featured Sessions Publishing Your Article or Book with Common Ground Wednesday, 16 July—12:20–12:50

Thursday, 17 July—8:45–9:15

Ian Nelk, Production Coordinator, Common Ground Publishing

Description: In this session the Publishing Coordinator for The Sport Collection and The Sport and Society Book Series will present an overview of Common Ground’s publishing philosophy and practices. He will offer tips for turning conference papers into journal articles, present an overview of journal publishing procedures, introduce The Sport Collection and provide information on Common Ground’s journal article submission process.

Special Events Dinner – Verdanna Grill Join fellow conference delegates and plenary speakers for dinner at a traditional Brazilian restaurant, Verdanna Grill. Dinner will be held at 8pm following the conference reception. Dinner will be served family style and will include meat, barbeque, fish, sushi, salads and hot dishes. Please see the conference registration desk to confirm your booking or for availability.

Date: Wednesday, 16 July Time: 20:00 Price: US$45.00 Location: Verdanna Grill

Reception UNIVERSO Niteroi, Common Ground Publishing, and the Sport and Society Conference will be hosting a Welcome Reception on Wednesday, 16 July following the last session of the day. We invite all delegates to attend and enjoy complimentary light refreshments. This is an excellent opportunity to connect with and get to know your fellow international delegates.

Date: Wednesday, 16 July Time: 16:30 Location: Conference Venue

PLENARY SPEAKERS

Roberto Ferreira dos Santos Roberto Ferreira dos Santos got his doctorate degree in 1996 at the University of Porto, with an emphasis in Sport Sociology. He worked for 25 years at the Institute of Physical Education and Sports of Rio de Janeiro State University, where he played many roles as a teacher and administrator. Since 2007, he has coordinated the Master in Physical Activity Sciences of Salgado de Oliveira University and in addition he teaches a Research Seminar discipline and Special Topics on Sports Violence. His publications focus on issues of violence, sports, and more specifically on violence in football, discussing its dynamics in the field.

Richard Giulianotti Richard Giulianotti (PhD Aberdeen, 1996) is Professor of Sociology in the School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences at Loughborough University, and also Professor II at Telemark University College, Norway. His main research interests are in the fields of sport, globalization, development and peace, sport mega-events, crime and deviance, cultural identities, and qualitative methods. He is author of the books Football: A Sociology of the Global Game (Polity 1999; also translated into Korean); Sport: A Critical Sociology (Polity 2005; also translated into Korean); Ethics, Money and Sport (with Adrian Walsh; Routledge 2007); and, Globalization and Football (with Roland Robertson; Sage 2009). He has also published numerous articles in international journals and edited books. In 2014, with Dr Simon Darnell and Dr David Howe, he will begin a major two-year research project, funded by the UK Economic and Social Research Council, which will investigate the ‘Sport for Development and Peace’ sector.

GRADUATE SCHOLARS

Marcos Amos Marcus Amos is a native of Augusta, Georgia, currently residing in Knoxville, Tennessee. He is pursuing his doctorate degree at the University of Tennessee, majoring in Sports Management. His previous educational experience has afforded him the opportunity to obtain double bachelor’s degrees. He has also obtained two masters’ degrees from Louisiana State University and South Carolina State University. As the founder of Prevention Education for Athletes, he has spent years addressing painkiller addiction and over-dose deaths among athletes. His commitment to this topic has resulted in several media and news outlets requesting his consultation, ranging from: 60 Minutes, HBO Real Sports with Bryant Gumbel, ABC News, ESPN outside the lines, Sports Illustrated, and several other media outlets.

Christel Beverly Christel Beverly is a third-year doctoral student at Michigan State University. She is studying Sport Psychology, with a special interest in urban, minority high-school student-athletes. The Lansing, Michigan native holds a BA in Sociology African-American Studies from Lafayette College where she was a four-year student-athlete in basketball and volleyball. Christel's professional endeavours include five years as a social worker in New Jersey, coordinator for the 21st Century Community Learning Centers and Assistant Athletic Director at Sexton High School in Lansing, Michigan.

Emily Hayday Emily Hayday is a first year PhD student researching Mega-Events and Sports Participation Programmes at The University of Kent, England. Emily received her First Class BSc (Hons) degree in Sport Science and Coaching from The University of Southampton.

Currently working as a Graduate Teaching Assistant, Emily supervises dissertation students and teaches on multiple undergraduate modules. She has been involved in a range of community focused positions, including working as a University of Kent Mentor and Sports Ambassador, Sports Teaching at Harrow House International School (UK), and was President of her Sport Science undergraduate degree. Additionally, she sits on the Athena Swan Committee for her faculty. Emily's research interests include Sports Management, Mega-Events, Community Sports Participation, and Development. Emily is a netball and cycling enthusiast and enjoys travelling in her spare time.

Robert Malengreau Robert Malengreau completed an MPhil in Latin American Studies at the University of Oxford in 2013, where he specialized on the politics of inclusion in Brazil’s metropolitan regions. While his training is in political science, more recently Robert has given significant attention to investigating the role of sport in supporting social integration. Grounded in his academic and sporting endeavours, in 2010, Malengreau founded, developed and launched a sport for development programme, Projeto UMRio (ONERio), which uses rugby and education as vehicles to promote leadership, inclusion, and solidarity amongst children living in and around the favelas of Rio de Janeiro.

Joshua Matthewman Joshua Matthewman is a MA Candidate in Public and International Affairs at The University of Ottawa. He has an academic passion for African affairs and sports policy, and his presentation at this conference examines the nexus of these concepts. Joshua previously obtained an Honours Bachelor of Social Sciences, with a Specialization in Criminology, from The University of Ottawa where he was a member of the varsity Cross Country and Track teams. He also pursued foreign exchange studies at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Joshua’s MA thesis examines methods for improving the international regulation of Private Military Companies.

Saurabh Mishra Saurabh Mishra is studying law at the National University of Juridical Sciences in India. A regular feature on the university moot court team and university football team, he divides his time among various aspects of law, while maintaining a keen interest in sports. Saurabh has also enjoyed the various administrative opportunities that have come his way, especially serving as Treasurer of his university's student body. He recently had the chance to work with Adidas India at their head-office in Gurgaon, where he analysed and contributed to endorsement agreements with leading international athletes representing India in cricket, football, hockey and tennis. Further, he successfully co-conceptualized a simulation of the European Football Association at the recently concluded NUJS Model UN conference.

Luke Pickard Luke Pickard is currently undertaking a Masters by Research degree at the University of Huddersfield, England. Having graduated with first class honours in BSc Psychology he was awarded the Vice Chancellor’s Scholarship which included a MRes Degree fee-waiver. Luke was also awarded a £5000 Bursary Scholarship for an excellent post graduate application. Luke’s research interests center on sport, exercise, mental health, and wellbeing. He is comfortable with a range of research methods but favours the theoretical underpinnings and expressive nature of phenomenological enquiry. Luke hopes to commence a related PhD project later this year.

Hector R. Rivera-Rivera A Puerto Rico native, Hector R. Rivera-Rivera, is a Senior PhD Student of International Development querying socio-cultural and economic development via Sports at the University of Southern Mississippi; anchored by the unconditional support of his wife Saidy, sons: Yael (15), Julian (11) and MPA and BS degrees, his nearly 20-year professional military career with experiences abroad yielded first-hand the impact youth athletics and sporting events have towards a state’s development. His pledge towards cross-cultural understanding paved way to act as commencement speaker, heritage celebrations’ host, community youth sports’ coordinator, elite sports’ coach, professional sports’ league indirect adviser and it’s further imparted to MBA students at Northwest Christian University as an adjunct faculty.

Tshepang Tshube Tshepang Tshube is a final year doctoral student in the psychosocial aspects of sport and physical activity program at Michigan State University. He obtained his undergraduate and master degree from the University of Botswana. His research interests include elite athletes’ retirement transition, athletes career planning, and post-sport career adaptation. His research is inspired by his experiences as a track athlete on the Botswana National Team. Tshube was awarded the 2013 International Olympic Committee Postgraduate Award to do research in Botswana, South Africa, Namibia and Zimbabwe. He is finishing his dissertation on the role of the entourage (i.e. parents and coaches) on elite athlete’s retirement transition.

Manuel Veth Before joining King’s College London, Manuel studied History and Germanic Studies for his Bachelor of Arts degree at the University of Victoria in Canada. Manuel then moved to Amsterdam where he completed a Masters of Arts degree in European Studies at the Universiteit van Amsterdam.

Currently Manuel is completing his PhD in History at the University of London King's College. His thesis is entitled: "Selling the People’s Game: Football’s transition from Communism to Capitalism in the Soviet Union and its Successor States". Manuel is especially interested in the history of politics and culture of the Soviet Union, as well as sport history during the Cold War. WEDNESDAY, 16 JULY WEDNESDAY, 16 JULY 8:30-9:30 REGISTRATION DESK OPEN 9:30-10:00 CONFERENCE OPENING Phillip Kalantzis-Cope, Common Ground Publishing, USA 10:00-10:35 PLENARY SESSION Roberto Ferreira dos Santos, Universidade Salgado de Oliveira (UNIVERSO), Brazil 10:35-11:05 GARDEN SESSION AND COFFEE BREAK 11:05-11:50 TALKING CIRCLES Room 1- Sport and Development Room 2- Sporting Cultures and Identities Room 3- Sport and Health Room 4- Sports Education Room 5- Sports Management and Commercialization 11:50-12:50 LUNCH 12:20-12:50 Featured Session: Publishing Your Article or Book with Common Ground Ian Nelk, Production Coordinator, Common Ground Publishing 12:50-14:30 PARALLEL SESSIONS Room 1 Sport Management The Challenge for Brazil: Managing Risk at the 2016 Olympic Games Katharine Nohr, Nohr Sports Risk Management LLC, Kaneohe, USA Overview: This paper will address the special security concerns of a crime infested Olympic venue and possible risk management techniques that can be employed in order to reduce risks. Theme: Sports Management & Commercialization Managing the Fans: Controlling Football Crowds in the 2014 FIFA World Cup Eric Monné Fraga de Oliveira, Instituto de Estudos Sociais e Políticos - IESP, Niteroi, Brazil Overview: This work discusses FIFA’s policies on football crowd control during Brazil 2014 World Cup, with a particular focus on the control on supporters’ discourses inside the Brasilian stadia. Theme: Sports Management & Commercialization The Human Resource Practices in Private Sport Centers Akif Bozkır, Erciyes University, College of Physical Education & Sports, Department of Sports Management, Kayseri, Turkey Dr. Abdusselam Kose, Sport Sciences Faculty, Uşak University, Uşak, Turkey Overview: In a rapidly changing technological environment, human resource departments should maintain their value in the private business industry. Theme: Sports Management & Commercialization WEDNESDAY, 16 JULY

12:50-14:30 PARALLEL SESSIONS Room 2 Coping, Communication, and College Athletes Sport Officials: Stress, Coping and Education Dr. Bryon Martin, Department of Secondary Education, Professional Studies, and Recreation, Chicago State University, Chicago, USA Overview: The Sport Official Survey, (S.O.S.) was developed as a web-based survey to analyze responses from baseball, basketball, and football officials concerning sources of game-related stress, stress intensity, and coping responses. Theme: Sports Education Developing a Protocol for Communication Planning: Applications of Organizational Communication Theory to Communication in University Athletic Departments Dr. Alan Zaremba, Communication Studies, Northeastern University, Boston, USA Overview: Northeastern University professors have received seed funding to research communication challenges within athletic departments and develop a protocol to address these challenges. This paper describes the ongoing research. Theme: Sports Education Relationships among Resilience, Career Barriers, and Life Satisfaction: A Study of College Student Athletes in Taiwan Dr. Tzu Ling Lai, Department of Counseling and Industrial/Organizational Psychology, Ming Chuan University, Taipei, Taiwan Yin Cheng Lai, Legal Department, WTC Partners Law Office, aiwanT Overview: This study examined the relationships among resilience, career barriers, and life satisfaction of college athletes, as well as the potential influence factors. Results are helpful to improve athletes’ career development. Theme: Sports Education Room 3 The Athlete's Lifecycle The Relationship between Dual-career and Post-sport Career Transition among Olympians in South Africa, Botswana, Namibia and Zimbabwe Tshepang Tshube, Kinesiology Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA Prof. Deborah Feltz, Kinesiology Department, Michigan State University, East Lannsing, USA Overview: Semi-structured interviews and two focus groups (15 retired athletes and 5 federation officials) were conducted to get an in-depth account of athletes’ dual-career experiences and post-sport career transition. Theme: Sporting Cultures and Identities Hidden Heroes: Revealing the Lived Experiences and Spouses’ Role in Olympians Post-sport Career Adaptation Tshepang Tshube, Kinesiology Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA Christel Beverly, Kinesiology Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA Prof. Deborah Feltz, Kinesiology Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA Overview: Semi-structured interviews were conducted, followed by two focus groups to get an in-depth account of spouses’ experiences and their role in athletes’ retirement transition. Theme: Sporting Cultures and Identities A Phenomenological Exploration of the Experiences of Professional Footballers during Career Transition Andrew Brownrigg, Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfiled, UK Overview: Using a phenomenological approach as its theoretical backdrop the study looked to explore the lived experiences of a group of English Professional footballers'during career transition- or exit from sport. Theme: Sporting Cultures and Identities WEDNESDAY, 16 JULY

12:50-14:30 PARALLEL SESSIONS Room 4 Identities and Sport The Quest for Confidence: Sports Leadership rainingT and Its Impact on Individuals David Scott, FELS CREET, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK Overview: This is a study investigating the impact sport-for-development courses have on individuals. Qualitative methods are used to investigate how the experience of sports leadership training is understood from participants’ viewpoint. Theme: Sport and Development Boxing and Urban Culture Dr. Joseph D Lewandowski, The Honors College & International Affairs, Philosophy Department, Warrensburg, USA Overview: This paper explores some of the complex and often contradictory ways in which urban culture informs the agency and identities of professional boxers in the United States. Theme: Sport and Development Tracking the Development and Performance of Athletes in Team Sports Keven Richly, Enterprise Platform and Integration Concepts Chair of Prof. Hasso Plattner, Hasso Plattner Institute, Potsdam, Germany Overview: PlayerPortal is a platform — developed in cooperation with a German Bundesliga club — to track, analyze, and improve the development and performance of athletes in team sports. Theme: Sport and Development Football and National Identities in Twenty-first Century Spain: From Patriotic Bulimia to Nationalist Obesity Dr. Alejandro Quiroga, Filosofía e Historia, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain Overview: This paper analyses the narratives about the Spanish national football team in both the Spanish and the European media in the twenty-first century. Theme: Sporting Cultures and Identities Room 5 Health and Sport Effects of the Sport Habits on Accidents Onboard a Ship: A Case Study on Turkish Maritime Cadets Assoc.Prof. Ersan Basar, Faculty of Marine Science, dept. of Maritime Transportation and Management Eng., Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey Prof. Ercan Kose, Karadeniz Technical University, Naval Architecture and Marine Eng., Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey Overview: Seafarers sport habits and effects on their lives on ship was investigated and result were analysed. Theme: Sport and Health Service Users Experience of Sport and Exercise and Its Effects on Mental Health and Wellbeing Luke Pickard, School of Human and Health Sciences Department of Behavioural Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK Dr. Alison Rodriguez, Division of Psychology & Counselling Dept Behavioural Sciences School Of Human & Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK Overview: Physical activity used as part of service user’s recovery process from a variety of mental health conditions; explored using interpretive phenomenological analysis to illuminate experiences of PA and its impact. Theme: Sport and Health The Booming Fitness Industry and Its Correlation with the Obesity Epidemic in Saudi Arabia Saeed Alghailani, History Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Overview: This paper will discuss the correlation between the prevalence of obesity and the rapid growth of the fitness industry in Saudi Arabia. Theme: Sport and Health

14:30-14:45 COFFEE BREAK WEDNESDAY, 16 JULY

14:45-16:25 PARALLEL SESSIONS Room 1 Sport Commercialization Ambush Marketing in Sports Prof. Gerd Nufer, ESB Business School, Reutlingen University, Reutlingen, Germany Prof. Dr. André Buehler, Marketing Faculty of Agricultural Business, Economics and Management, Nürtingen-Geislingen University of Applied Science, Nurtingen, Germany Overview: For companies, ambush marketing aims at benefiting from the success of sponsorship without entering into an official sponsor's commitment. Theme: Sports Management & Commercialization The NCAA and the Commercialzation of College Sports: Will These Principles Devalue College Sport, as We Currently Know It? Prof. Monique Maye, Arts, Entertainment, Media Management (AEMM), Columbia College Chicago, Chicago, USA Overview: College venues are starting to look like professional sports venues. The logos strategically placed around those stadiums for the right camera angle. The bigger the program the more sponsorship. Theme: Sports Management & Commercialization Commercialism and the Moral Standing of the National Collegiate Athletic Association Dr. Robert C. Schneider, Kinesiology, Sport Studies, & Physical Education Department, The College at Brockport, State University of New York, Rochester, USA Overview: I offer insights from utilitarian moral analysis provide National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) leadership with a structured foundation to make commercialism related choices supporting overall organizational happiness and stability. Theme: Sports Management & Commercialization The Risks of using Stadiums in the Winter for Sporting Events Karol Janas, Department of Political Science, Alexander Dubcek University in Trencin, Trencin, Slovakia Rudolf Kucharcik, Department of Political Science, Alexander Dubcek University in Trencin, Trencin, Slovakia Overview: Winter stadiums host some of the most popular sports in Central Europe. However, there are health and wellness risks to participants who visit these stadiums to view sporting events. Theme: Sports Management & Commercialization Room 2 History, Diversity, and the Role of Sports A Crisis of Conscience: The History of Institutionally Condoned Violence in Hockey Taylor McKee, Department of History, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada Overview: Tracing the history of violence in hockey to better explain the current crisis facing north american hockey and contact sport in North America is the purpose of this paper. Theme: Sporting Cultures and Identities Locker Room Hazing, Racial Slurs and Social Acceptance: Bully Culture in American Football Damon Smith, Souletics, Folsom, USA Taryn Smith, Folsom, USA Overview: Recent events with the Miami Dolphins exposed a culture of bullying in American football. It opens a discussion about the prevalence of racism in college and professional locker rooms. Theme: Sporting Cultures and Identities A Skunk at the Garden Party: The Sochi Olympics, State-sponsored Homophobia and Prospects for Human Rights through Mega Sporting Events Dr. Derek Van Rheenen, Graduate School of Education M.A., Cultural Studies of Sport in Education Athletic Study Center, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, USA Overview: The paper addresses the impact of recent anti-gay legislation in Russia on the Sochi Olympic Games, examining the potential of international sport for promoting human rights and sustainable development. Theme: Sporting Cultures and Identities Diaspora, Race and Nationalism in the Rise of Puerto Rican Basketball, 1959-1979 Luis Figueroa-Martinez, Department of History, Trinity College (Hartford, CT), Hartford, USA Overview: I examine how race, colonialism and transnational migration contributed to the rise of an intense sports nationalism in Puerto Rico, a USA colonial territory since 1898. Theme: Sporting Cultures and Identities WEDNESDAY, 16 JULY

14:45-16:25 PARALLEL SESSIONS Room 3 Organizatinal Forms of Sporting Life The Impact on Sport Development Arising from the Restructure of a State Sporting Competition Dr. Paul Turner, School of Management and Marketing Faculty of Business and Law, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia Overview: Semi-structured interviews with Presidents of football clubs regarding a proposed competition restructure was undertaken. Perceived impact on the club community was identified, with esultsr clearly indicating that support was divided. Theme: Sport and Development Sport for Development and Social Change: Broadening the Discussion by Engaging with Social Movements Shawn Forde, School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada Overview: The purpose of this paper is to consider how understandings of social change within the SDP "movement" can be broadened through engaging with radical NGOs and new social movements. Theme: Sport and Development A Model Talent Identification in Soccer: Identifying oungY Talented Soccer Athletes Dr. Nining Kusnanik, Faculty of Sport Sciences, State University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia Overview: I offer information about research results in talent identification showing a model of talent identification for soccer using software. Theme: Sport and Development Local Meanings of a Sport Mega-event’s Legacies: Tales from a South African Urban Neighborhood Dr. Maikel Waardenburg, Utrecht University School of Governance, Utrecht University School of Governance, Utrecht, Netherlands Marjolein van den Bergh, Utrecht University School of Governance, Utrecht University School of Governance, Utrecht, Netherlands Dr. Frank van Eekeren, Utrecht University School of Governance, Utrecht University School of Governance, Utrecht, Netherlands Overview: In this study we present local stories, interpreting the legacy of the FIFA World Cup 2010. This approach helps understanding the legacies and the way sport mega-events influence communities. Theme: Sport and Development Room 4 Young Athletes “We Can't Have Podgy Swimmers ... None of the Kids are Allowed to Eat Junk at the Pool": Discourses of "Optimal Nutrition" in Competitive Youth Swimming and Consequences for Athlete Empowerment and Health Dr. Melanie Lang, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK Overview: Swimming coaches perceptions of discourses of physical preparation and "optimal nutrition" and the consequences for youth athletes' empowerment, health and wellbeing is the topic of this paper. Theme: Sport and Health The Financial Demands of Sportsman Robert Kuchar, Faculty of Business Administration, Prague, Czech Republic Overview: Are households making decisions in promoting their children to sports without limitation? Or are they limited with financial accessibility of their salary? Theme: Sports Management & Commercialization High School Athlete Screening for Injury Prevention in Physical Education: Implementation of Neuromuscular Re-education Programs Christine Lynders, Physical Therapist, Board certified Orthopedic clinical specialist, American Physical Therapy Association, New York, USA Dianne Johannson, Director Of Rehabilitation, American Physical Therapy Association, San Diego, USA Dr. Tamara Perrine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, American Physical Therapy Association, Board Certified Orthopedic Clinical Specialist, San Diego, USA Overview: The risk factors for injury in high school athletes will be uncovered during a demonstration of screening techniques to reveal biomechanical faults. Preventative exercises and drills will also be demonstrated. Theme: Sport and Health The Hyphenated Identities of Young People Dr Julie Fimusanmi, Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, Leeds Metropolitan University, Leeds, UK Overview: The complexity of hyphenated identity is explored in this research, in relation to 29 ethnic minority young people involved in school sport. Theme: Sporting Cultures and Identities WEDNESDAY, 16 JULY

14:45-16:25 PARALLEL SESSIONS Room 5 Special Topics: Platform for Social and Political Change Black Athletes’ Usage of the Athletic Stage as a Platform for Social/Political Change Dr. Kelton Edmonds, Department of History/Political Science, California University of Pennsylvania, California, USA Dr. Derrick McKissick, Department of History, Fairfield University, Fairfield, USA Dr. Stefan Bradley, Department of History, St. Louis University, St. Louis, USA Dr. William Boone, Department of English, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, USA Dr. Frank Vaught, Chicago, USA Overview: This colloquium will feature five presentations on the world-wide social and political impact of Black Athletes throughout the 20th and 21st Century. Theme: Sporting Cultures and Identities

16:25-18:00 WELCOME RECEPTION AND CULTURAL EXHIBITION THURSDAY, 17 JULY THURSDAY, 17 JULY 8:15-8:45 REGISTRATION DESK OPEN 8:45-9:15 FEATURED SESSION: PUBLISHING YOUR ARTICLE OR BOOK WITH COMMON GROUND Ian Nelk, Production Coordinator, Common Ground Publishing 9:15-9:30 ANNOUNCEMENTS Phillip Kalantzis-Cope, Common Ground Publishing, USA 9:30-10:05 PLENARY SESSION Richard Giulianotti, Loughborough University, United Kingdom 10:05-10:35 GARDEN SESSION 10:35-11:15 FINAL TALKING CIRCLES Room 1- Sport and Development Room 2- Sporting Cultures and Identities Room 3- Sport and Health Room 4- Sports Education Room 5- Sports Management and Commercialization THURSDAY, 17 JULY

11:15-12:00 PARALLEL SESSIONS Foyer Poster Sessions The Contributions of Sport to HIV/AIDS Awareness Dr. Chiaki Okada, Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, Mino, Japan Dr. Kevin Young, Department of Sociology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada Overview: The use of sport to promote HIV/AIDS awareness has expanded recently. This paper critically assesses this "sport-and-social development" strategy using data gathered from a Zimbabwean case study. Theme: Sports Management & Commercialization Elderly Open Air Health Clubs in Niterói Dr. Alfredo Faria Junior, Master Degree Program in Physical Activity Sciences, UNIVERSO, Niterói, Brazil Overview: The aim is to study the Elderly Open Air Health Clubs created by the Sport Secretarit in Niterói. We analysed the articles published in the newspaper O Fluminense. Theme: Sport and Health Social Self-Efficacy of Students: Physical Education and Sports Dr. Dilek Yalız Solmaz, Department of Physical Education and Sport Teaching, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey Overview: This study is about the evaluation of social self-efficacy of Physical Education and Sports School students. Theme: Sports Education The Positive Effects of Swimming on Pulmonary Function Dr. Gülsün Aydın, Department of Training Education, Anadolu University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Eskişehir, Turkey Ismail Koca, School of Physical Education and Sport, Eskişehir, Turkey Overview: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of three months swimming training on spirometric parameters and pulmonary function in males. Theme: Sport and Health Examining the Reciprocal Relationship between Self-efficacy and Performance Dr. Mohammed Fakehy, Department of Biomechanices & Motor Behaviour, King Saud University, College of Sport Sciences & Physical Activity, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Overview: I examinine the reciprocal relationship between self-efficacy and performance. Theme: Sport and Health Multidimensional Study of Young Portuguese Athletes of Combat Sports Bruno Giudicelli, Undergraduate Course in Physical Education, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil Prof. António Figueiredo, Faculty of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal Dr. Carlos Gonçalves, Faculty of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal Dr. Arnaldo Cunha, Undergraduate Course in Physical Education, Federal University of Alagoas, Arapiraca, Brazil Dr. Alain Massart, Faculty of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal Overview: The purpose is to evaluate growth, maturation, physical performance and perceived motivational climate for young Portuguese male athletes in combat sports (age 11-14), aiming the construction of appropriate training methodologies. Theme: Sports Education Olympic Experimental Gym Juan Antonio Samaranch Michelle Veloso Barbosa, Master´s Program in Physical Activities Sciences, UNIVERSO, Niteroi, Brazil Renata Osborne, Master´s Program in Physical Activities Sciences, UNIVERSO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Overview: This is a case study in a full-time school, located in Rio de Janeiro, dedicated to the sport and to form the “student-athlete-citizen." Theme: Sports Education Mega Events and Organised Sport: Capitalising on Grass-root Participation Programmes Emily Jane Hayday, School of Sport and Exercise Science Faculty of Science, University of Kent, Chatham, UK Dr. Athanasios (Sakis) Pappous, Centre for Sport Studies, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK Overview: This study creates a grass-root participation programme inventory of "best practices," for use by Sports Federations to capitalise on future Mega-Events. Theme: Sport and Development The Association between Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Risk Markers and Physical Activity Status in Adolescents Dr. Khalid Aljaloud, King Saud University, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Overview: Low physical activity could be a sign of higher fasting insulin and HOMA-IR that could progress. Policy makers should give a priority to encourage adolescents to be more activity. Theme: Sport and Health The Walking Rules for Five Senses Learning Dr. Hyun-Chul Kim, Educational Technology Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea Overview: Walk therapy is based on physiological and systemic issues in the human body. Theme: Sport and Health THURSDAY, 17 JULY

11:15-12:00 PARALLEL SESSIONS Application of GPS Technology to the Study of the Activity Profile and Field Zone Coverage of Brazilian Soccer Referees Dr. Pedro Pereira-Junior, Universidade Salgado de Oliveira - UNIVERSO, Niteroi, Brazil Dr. Sergio Machado, Universidade Salgado de Oliveira - UNIVERSO, Niteroi, Brazil Joao Sequeiros, COAF-RJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Paulo Barroso, COAF-RJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Dr. Geraldo Maranhao Neto, Universidade Salgado de Oliveira - UNIVERSO, Niteroi, Brazil Overview: We assessed, using GPS technology, the activity profile and field zone coverage of Brazilian soccerefer r ees, during official matches played for the Rio de Janeiro state first division professional championship. Theme: Sport and Health The Investigation of Relation between Adolescence Aggressiveness and Their Communication Skills Betul Altinok, Physical Education and Sport, Sport Management, Dumlupinar University, Kutahya, Turkey Assoc. Prof. Mehmet Acet, Manager of Physical Education and Sport Academy, Dumlupinar University, Kutahya, Turkey Mehmet Altinok, High School, National Education Ministry of Turkey, Turkey Overview: This study researches communication skills and aggression levels of male and female adolescents who participate in sports. Theme: Sporting Cultures and Identities The Assesment of Body Compositions and Physiological Values of Female Individuals Participating in High Altitude Climbing Dr. Mustafa Said Erzeybek, Sport Management, Dumlupinar University, Kutahya, Turkey Serife Vatansever Ozen, Physical Education and Sports Department, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey Dr. Faith Kaya, Institute of Sport and Health Sciences Physical Education and Sports Department, Erzincan Üniversity, Erzincan, Turkey Nurcan Demirel, Institute of Sport and Health Sciences Physical Education and Sports Department, Atatürk Üniversity, Erzurum, Turkey Dr. Guclu Ozen, Institute of Sport and Health Sciences Physical Education and Sports Department, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey Dr. Ertan Tufekcioglu, Physical Education, King Fahd University, Saudi Arabia Overview: My research investigates the effect of high altitude climbing on heart rate, blood pressure (systolic, diastolic), body mass and body fat percentages of female high climbers from different geographical areas. Theme: Sport and Health The Impact Orange Juice Diet and Biochemical Parameters in Soccer Players Sara Terrazas, Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas - UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil Cassio Mascarenhas Robert Pires, Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas - UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil Jacqueline Queiroz Silveira, Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas - UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil Thais Borges Cesar, Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas - UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil Ellen Cristini Freitas, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte de Ribeirão Preto - USP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil Overview: The results obtained by the intervention with orange juice realized with the group of soccer players could present significant differences for dietary and biochemical parameters analyzed. Theme: Sport and Health Educating Athletes in Saudi Arabia about Dietary Supplements Sulaiman O. Aljaloud, Exercise Physiology Department, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Overview: Supplements provide nutritional levels for daily competitive performance—especially among athletes. Therefore, it is important that sports professionals be informed about the use and risks associated with dietary supplement consumption. Theme: Sports Education The Association of Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Habitual Physical Activity: Cardio-metabolic Biochemical and Inflamatory Markers in Middle Aged Adults Prof. Marjeta Misigoj-Durakovic, Chair of Medicine of Sport and Exercise Depatment of Kinesiological Anthropology and Methodology, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Zijad Durakovic, Department of Medical Anthropology, Institute for Anthropological Research, Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Dr. Maroje Soric, Chair of Medicine of Sport and Exercise, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb, Croatia Overview: The main idea of this investigation was to analyse the associations of obesity, cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity with plasma biochemical and inflammatory markers in middle aged men and women. Theme: Sport and Health THURSDAY, 17 JULY

11:15-12:00 PARALLEL SESSIONS Room 2 Workshop The Prevention of Injury during Fitness and Sports Activity by Early Identification and Rehabilitation of Weakness and Muscular Imbalance Christine Lynders, Physical Therapist, Board certified Orthopedic clinical specialist, American Physical Therapy Association, New York, USA Dianne Johannson, Rehab Director, American Physical Therapy Association, San Diego, USA Dr. Tamara Perrine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, American Physical Therapy Association, Board Certified Orthopedic Clinical Specialist, San Diego, USA Overview: For athletes involved in fitness or sports, identifying weakness and muscle imbalance is critical in preventing injury and the psychological ramifications associated with being unable to exercise or participate. Theme: Sport and Health

12:00-12:55 LUNCH 12:55-14:35 PARALLEL SESSIONS Room 1 Sports, Health, Fitness Knowing When to Quit: What Goal Setting Theory Doesn't Teach Ultra-runners Dr. Christy De Vader, Sellinger School of Business and Management Department of Management and International Business, Loyola University Maryland, Baltimore, USA Jordan Bateson, Psychology Department, Medaille College, Amherst, USA Overview: Goal setting research focuses on attaining goals. But how do athletes know when to quit? Ultra-runners were surveyed to understand the decision to abandon a goal and quit a race. Theme: Sport and Health "To Cultivate Muscles and Combat Vices": Sports and the Anti-alcohol Campaign during the Mexican Revolution, 1910-1940 Dr. Gretchen Pierce, History/Philosophy Department, Shippensburg University, Shippensburg, USA Overview: Mexican revolutionaries supported their state-building goals through the creation of sober and healthy modern citizens who did not abuse alcohol and who enjoyed pastimes like basketball, baseball, and basic calisthenics. Theme: Sporting Cultures and Identities The Effects of Intensive Training on Selected Hormones Dr. Alpaslan Kartal, School of Physical Education & Sports, Hitit University, Çorum, Turkey Dr. Hayrettin Gümüşdağ, School of Physical Education and Sports, Hitit University, Corum, Hitit University, Çorum, Turkey Overview: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of an 8-month intensive training on anabolic (IGF-I, LH,FSH,testosterone) and catabolic hormones (cortisol) in freshmen adolescent male wrestlers. Theme: Sport and Health Room 2 The Politics of Sports A Spartan Education: An Exploration of Sports and Republicanism in Nineteenth-Century United States Dr. Edward McInnis, The Department of History, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA Overview: This paper explains why nineteenth-century reformers in the United States argued for the inclusion of exercise and sports into school curricula to create a citizenry who reinforced republican values. Theme: Sporting Cultures and Identities Using Sports Halls for Political Protests: A Case of Turkey Derya Tekin, School of Law, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK Overview: The paper questions the development of supporting culture in Turkey from the past era of non-political terraces to the active political protests of last years. Theme: Sporting Cultures and Identities The People’s Theatres: The Issue of Stadium and Club Facility Ownership in the Soviet Union and the Successor States Karl Manuel Veth, History, King's College London, London, UK Overview: This article outlines stadium ownership in the former Soviet Union, and the transition of stadium ownership from communism to capitalism with a special focus on Russia and Ukraine. Theme: Sports Management & Commercialization Do We Need a National Football Stadium in the Czech Republic? Jiri Kotab, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Economics, Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Overview: The paper answers the question: Do we need new national football stadium in the Czech Republic? Theme: Sports Management & Commercialization THURSDAY, 17 JULY

12:55-14:35 PARALLEL SESSIONS Room 3 The World Game African Footballer Migration: A History of Extraversion Rather Than Neo-Colonialism Joshua Nathanial Matthewman, The Graduate School of Public and International Affairs, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada Overview: Through the theoretical lens of J.F. Bayart's concept of extraversion, an analysis of the perception that the migration of professional African footballers to Europe is governed by neo-colonial processes. Theme: Sports Management & Commercialization Seducing Funders: A "Latourian" perspective of Sport for Development and Peace Agency Tactics Prof. Dr. André Richelieu, Marketing Department, Université Laval, Québec, Canada Andrew Webb, Marketing Department, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada Overview: Undergirded by a "Latourian" perspective, this paper analyses how SDP agencies transform the claim that sport contributes to development and/or peace into a fact in order to influence funders Theme: Sport and Development Sporting Federations: Are They Efficacious as NGOs for International Development? Hector Rivera-Rivera, University of Southern Mississippi, United States Army, Washington, USA Overview: Today, International Development enablers must include sporting federations; which understand the intrinsic benefits achieved through structured environments for training, adherence to rules and observance of regulatory requirements. Theme: Sport and Development The Candidate Process of Istanbul 2020 Summer Olympic Games Dr. Abdusselam Kose, Sport Sciences Faculty, Uşak University, Uşak, Turkey Overview: Members of the Olympic committee describe Tokyo as a smart and risk-free decision. Prime minister of Turkey has not been able to understand why the same cities host the Olympics. Theme: Sports Management & Commercialization Room 4 Education and Sports The Expression of Health in Secondary School Physical Education Curricula in England and Wales Jo Harris, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK Overview: Reasons for rhetorical "fitness for life" discourses being commonly expressed through "fitness for performance" practices in the form of testing and training activities in secondary schools are explored and discussed. Theme: Sports Education Teaching Recreation and Physical Well-being as a Learning Outcome of Life Dr. Mabatho Sedibe, Education (Educational Psychology), University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa Overview: The introduction of Life Orientation in schools is based on the belief that this unique compulsory Subject forms the foundation of holistic development of the learner, guided by Learning Outcomes. Theme: Sports Education The Teaching-learning Process in Physical Education: A Case Study Dr. Roberto Ferreira dos Santos, Master's Degree Programman of Physical Education Science's, Salgado de Oliveira University-UNIVERSO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Dr. Carlos Alberto Figueiredo da Silva, Masters's Degree Programman of Physical Activity Sciences, Salgado de Oliveira University/UNIVERSO, Rio de janeiro, Brazil Carlos Eduardo Rafael de Andrade Ferrari, PGCAF/UNIVERSO - RJ, Salgado de Oliveira University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Overview: This paper aims to present the influences that the "force of arms" promoted on the relationship between teachers and students. Theme: Sports Education Physical Education Curriculum in a Brazilian Public School: A Case Study Ivone Ouverney Santos de Azevedo, Physical Education Department, UNIVERSO and Pedro II School, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Renata Osborne, Master´s Program in Physical Activities Sciences, UNIVERSO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Overview: This study analyzed the integration of cross-cutting themes such as environment, ethics, health, cultural diversity, and sexual orientation in physical education curriculum in a public school in Rio de Janeiro. Theme: Sports Education THURSDAY, 17 JULY

12:55-14:35 PARALLEL SESSIONS Room 5 Cultures and Identities Performance Predictions at the 2014 FIFA World Cup: Is Brazil Destined to Win? Dr. Bernardo Ramirez Rios, Department of Anthropology, Skidmore College, San Diego, USA David Benjamin Nau, Koblenz University of Applied Sciences, Germany Overview: Current sporting determinants do not include key characteristics of international play that have profound effects on the performance levels of national teams in the FIFA World Cup. Theme: Sporting Cultures and Identities Rubi Gutierrez’s Mis Ideas Sobre Sport: Modern Sport and Female Emancipation in Colombia 1910-1938 Manuel Morales Fontanilla, History Department, UC San Diego, La Jolla, USA Overview: I analyze how women’s sport in Colombia was trapped amid the contradictions, paradoxes, and anxieties of the historical and social context associated with late modernity. Theme: Sporting Cultures and Identities Sport Mega-events as a Pathway to Education in Rio de Janeiro´s Schools Rodrigo de Vasconcellos Pieri, Psychology, UERJ - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Lívia Gomes Viana Meireles, Psychology, UERJ Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Dr. Angela Donato Oliva, Psychology, UERJ - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; UFRJ - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Overview: The paper draws attention to the fact that mega-events can serve not only as dissemination of competitive sports, but also as a mean of entering the sport in schools. Theme: Sport and Development Kissing Badge(s): Laws, Football and the Nationality Conundrum Saurabh Mishra, B.A. LL.B., The West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences, Kolkata, Kolkata, India Harjass Singh, Mergers and Acquisitions Team, P&A Law Offices, New Delhi, India Overview: The article focuses on examining the governance of football in light of Nationality laws, and fosters a comprehensive understanding of the same through an illustrative analysis of contemporary issues. Theme: Sporting Cultures and Identities

14:35-14:50 COFFEE BREAK 14:50-16:30 PARALLEL SESSIONS Room 1 Health, and Social Issues The Effects of Voleyball Training on Anthropometric Measurements Nurullah Emir Ekinci, Dumlupinar Universty, Physical Education Department, Kutahya, Turkey Dr. Wojciech Bajorek, Department Of PE, Universitet Rzeszowski Department of Physical Education, Rzeszow, Poland Overview: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of volleyball training on anthropometric measurements. Theme: Sporting Cultures and Identities Mindfulness in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu: Theory and Application for the Jiu-Jitsu Practitioner Dr. John T. Sorrell, Behavioral Health Psychology Services, San Francisco, USA Overview: Mindfulness is a process involving nonjudgemental awareness of experiences in the present moment; effects in health psychology research are positive. Mindfulness concepts are applied and discussed in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. Theme: Sport and Health Comparison of Standing Balance in Different Athletes Dr. Hayrettin Gümüşdağ, School of Physical Education and Sports, Hitit University, Corum, Hitit University, Çorum, Turkey Dr. Alpaslan Kartal, School of Physical Education & Sports, Hitit University, Çorum, Turkey Overview: The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in standing balance during dominant and nondominant one legged stance among athletes of different sports. Theme: Sports Education THURSDAY, 17 JULY

14:50-16:30 PARALLEL SESSIONS Room 2 Nations and Sport Practices The Opening Ceremony of the 2012 London Olympics and its Construction of British Identity Prof. Robert Cross, Faculty of Global and Regional Studies, Doshisha University, Kyoto-shi, Japan Overview: In this paper I look at film director Danny Boyle’s opening ceremony for the 2012 London Olympics and examine what kind of an image of Britain it constructed and projected. Theme: Sporting Cultures and Identities Using Patriotism to Promote American Football Dr. Robert Gudmestad, History, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, USA Overview: The glamour of television, national insecurities from the Cold War, and concerns over masculine identity created conditions for American football to use patriotism to promote the sport. Theme: Sporting Cultures and Identities Walking: Inspiration and Philosophy of Life Rodrigo Portal, Master in Sciences of Physical Activity, Universo, Niterói, Brazil Renata Osborne, Master in Physical Activity Sciences Program, University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Overview: Walking, associated with health promotion, is also related to philosophy, politics and faith. People walk to meditate, find inspiration, think, fight for their rights and search for religious enlightenment. Theme: Sporting Cultures and Identities Room 3 Management and Development A Study on Technology Acceptance Model to Explore the Bicycle Travelers’ Intention of Use of the Navigation App on Mobile Devices Dr. Kai-Li Wang, Graduate Institute of International Sport Affairs, National Taiwan Sport University, Taipei, Taiwan Mr. Chun-Kwet Dwan, Department of Leisure Management, Yu Da University, Taipei, Taiwan Overview: This study used Technology Acceptance Model(TAM) to investigate what the factors affecting bicycle travelers’ intention of use of the navigation App are and how these factors work. Theme: Sports Management & Commercialization Rugby, Inclusion and the Asymmetrical City: The UMRio [ONERio] Experience Robert Nicholas Crema Malengreau, Project Manager, Projeto UMRio [ONERio], Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Overview: Drawing on a rugby-oriented social project, this paper is a critique of the famed Divided City approach, claiming that this dualistic favela-nonfavela logic is simplistic, incomplete and inherently exclusive. Theme: Sport and Development Confirming the Game-day Satisfaction Construct: A Modeling Study of National Collegiate Athletic Association Game Day Patrons Kyle Townsend, Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, USA David Martin, Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, USA Overview: The project is intended to expand knowledge about the overall game day experience at college football games and the impact tailgating and services have on fan satisfaction and repurchase intention. Theme: Sports Management & Commercialization Spectator Consumer Behaviours at the 2012 EURO Cup Poland-Ukraine Serkan Berber, Anadolu University, Sports Sciences Faculty, Eskisehir, Turkey Prof. Douglas Michele Turco, Business and Information Management, Neumann University, Aston, USA Risto Rasku, Business and Services Management, (JAMK) Jyväskylä University of Applied Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland Noni Zaharia, Department of Sport Management, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, USA Overview: This study reveals consumer behaviours of spectators at the UEFA EURO Cup. Over 1,400 spectators in Gdansk, Lviv, and Kyiv were surveyed. Findings demonstrate distinct differences in spending by fans. Theme: Sports Management & Commercialization THURSDAY, 17 JULY

14:50-16:30 PARALLEL SESSIONS Room 4 Sport for Development The Level of Gross Motor Development: Delays Age Equivalents Locomotor and Manipulation of Children Nine Years Old Dr. Ahmad Hashim, Department of Exercise Science Faculty of Sport Science and Coaching, Sultan Idris Education University,, Tanjong Malim, Malaysia Dr. Masri Baharom, Department of Physical Education Institute of Teacher Education, Sultan Abdul Halim Campus Sungai Petani, Kedah Malaysia., Balik Pulau, Malaysia Overview: The purpose of the study is to identify the age group of children nine years old who have experienced delays in gross motor development. Theme: Sport and Development m-Run: New Ways of Running in Kenya Per-Olof Hansson, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning Department of Management and Engineering., Linköping University, Sweden, Linköping, Sweden Overview: The paper argues for new ways of using smartphones by Kenyan elite runners. Theme: Sport and Development Contesting and Negotiating the Dominant Development Discourse in Sport for Development Programmes in the Global South Dr. Oscar Mwaanga, Faculty of Business, Sport and Enterprise, Southampton Solent University, Southampton, UK Overview: Underpinned by Foucauldian discourse theory, this article focuses on the findings of a qualitative study that investigated alternative conceptualization of development and social change within current SDP practices. Theme: Sport and Development Room 5 The Human Body and Sports The Effects of Sub Threshold and Supra Threshold Exercise on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Parameters Elvin Onarici Gungor, Anadolu University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey Dr. Ilker Yilmaz, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey, Eskisehir, Turkey Dr. Sadi Kurdak, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey, Eskisehir, Turkey Assoc. Prof. Ruhi Soylu, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey, Eskisehir, Turkey Assoc. Prof. Hayri Ertan, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey, Eskisehir, Turkey Overview: This paper aims to determine the effects of different exercise regimens on cardiovascular and metabolic parameters. Theme: Sport and Health The Use of Banned Performance Enhancing Drugs in Professional Cycling: The Impact of Doping on Cycling Culture, Physical Performance, Long Term Well-Being and the Effectiveness of the Latest Anti-doping Tool Christine Lynders, Physical Therapist, Board certified Orthopedic clinical specialist, American Physical Therapy Association, New York, USA Dianne Johannson, Director of Rehab, American Physical Therapy Association, San Diego, USA Dr. Tamara Perrine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, American Physical Therapy Association, Board Certified Orthopedic Clinical Specialist, San Diego, USA Overview: Use of performance enhancing drugs has historically been problematic in elite athletes but has recently become subject of higher scrutiny after Tour de France participants were found guilty of use. Theme: Sport and Health Developing Preventive Drug Monitoring Programs: Athletes Dying from Prescription Drug Overdoses Marcus Amos, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA Overview: This presentation will address prevention measures related to the problem of athletes becoming addicted to prescription pain medications and other drugs resulting in accidental drug overdose deaths in sports. Theme: Sport and Health Effects of Alternating and Pulsed Currents Neuromuscular Muscle Stimulation on Vertical Jump Performance Dr. Abdulaziz Aldayel, Exercise Physiology Department, College of Sport Science and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Overview: This is a comparison between alternating current and pulsed current electrical muscle stimulation for improving vertical jump performance. Theme: Sport and Health

16:30-17:00 CONFERENCE CLOSING Phillip Kalantzis-Cope, Common Ground Publishing, USA 37

LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

Belaid Akil Abdelkader Abdelakder Khemis Miliana University Algeria Carlos Alberto Figueiredo da Silva Salgado de Oliveira University (UNIVERSO) Brazil Saeed Alghailani King Saud University Saudi Arabia Khalid Aljaloud King Saud University Saudi Arabia Betul Altinok Dumlupinar University Turkey Marcus Amos University of Tennessee USA Gülsün Aydin Anadolu University Turkey Ivone Ouverney Santos de Azevedo Salgado de Oliveira University (UNIVERSO) Brazil Marcio Barros Dutra Universidade Salgado de Oliveira (UNIVERSO) Brazil Ersan Basar Karadeniz Technical University Turkey Jordan Bateson Medaille College USA Christel Beverly Michigan State University USA Tereza Biggers Our Lady of Mercy School Brazil Kathryn Bollman Truman State University USA William Boone Winston-Salem State University USA Wesley Borucki Palm Beach Atlantic University USA Ian Brittain Coventry University UK Andrew Brownrigg University of Huddersfield UK André Buehler HfWU Nuertingen-Geislingen Germany Robert Cross Doshisha University Japan Christy De Vader Loyola University Maryland USA Bolajoko Nkemdinim Dixon-Ogbechi University of Lagos Nigeria Kelton Edmonds California University of Pennsylvania USA Eduardo Rafael de Andrade Carlos Ferrari Salgado de Oliveira University (UNIVERSO) Brazil Nurullah Emir Ekinci Physical Education Department Turkey Mustafa Said Erzeybek Dumlupinar University Turkey Mohammed Fakehy King Saud University Saudi Arabia Roberto Ferreira dos Santos Salgado de Oliveira University (UNIVERSO) Brazil Luis Figueroa-Martinez Trinity College USA Julie Fimusanmi Leeds Metropolitan University UK Shawn Forde University of British Columbia Canada Bruno Giudicelli Federal University of Alagoas Brazil Alfredo Gomes de Faria Junior Universidade Salgado de Oliveira (UNIVERSO) Brazil Lívia Gomes Viana Meireles UERJ Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Brazil Robert Gudmestad Colorado State University USA Dain Guttenbeil New Zealand Rugby League (NZRL) New Zealand Per-Olof Hansson Linköping University Sweden Joanna Harper Providence Portland Medical Center USA Jo Harris Loughborough University UK Ahmad Hashim Sultan Idris Education University Malaysia Emily Jane Hayday University of Kent UK Sikuade Oladimeji Jagun Sol Simon Investments Limited Nigeria Karol Janas Trenčianska univerzita Alexandra Dub?eka Slovakia 38

Dianne Johannson Interim Healthcare USA Thomas C. Johnson Luther College USA Hyun-Chul Kim Hanyang University South Korea Abdusselam Kose Uşak University Turkey Jiri Kotab University of Economics, Prague Czech Republic Robert Kuchar University of Economics,Prague Czech Republic Rudolf Kucharcik Alexander Dubcek University in Trencin Slovakia Nining Kusnanik State University of Surabaya Indonesia Tzu Ling Lai Ming Chuan University Taiwan Melanie Lang Edge Hill University UK Joseph D Lewandowski Philosophy Department USA Christine Lynders American Physical Therapy Association USA Sergio Machado Universidade Salgado de Oliveira (UNIVERSO) Brazil Robert Nicholas Crema Malengreau Projeto UMRio [ONERio] Brazil Geraldo Maranhao Neto Universidade Salgado de Oliveira (UNIVERSO) Brazil Bryon Martin Chicago State University USA Joshua Nathanial Matthewman The University of Ottawa Canada Maurício Capinussú de José Souza University Salgado de Oliveira (UNIVERSO) Brazil Monique Maye Columbia College Chicago USA Edward McInnis University of Louisville USA Taylor McKee University of Victoria Canada Saurabh Mishra West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences India Marjeta Misigoj-Durakovic University of Zagreb Croatia khelouf Mohamed Mohamed Khemis Miliana University Algeria Eric Monné Fraga de Oliveira IESP-UERJ Brazil Manuel Morales Fontanilla University of California, San Diego USA Mauricio Murad Ferreira Universidade Salgado de Oliveira (UNIVERSO) Brazil Oscar Mwaanga Southampton Solent University UK Katharine Nohr Nohr Sports Risk Management LLC USA Gerd Nufer Reutlingen University Germany Chiaki Okada Osaka University Japan Elvin Onarici Gungor Anadolu University Turkey Renata Osborne University Salgado de Oliveira (UNIVERSO) Brazil Umit Ozcali Halic university Turkey Bessy Pane Indonesian Association Bicycle Indonesia Pedro Pereira-Junior Universidade Salgado de Oliveira (UNIVERSO) Brazil Tamara Perrine American Physical Therapy Association USA Luke Pickard University of Huddersfield UK Gretchen Pierce Shippensburg University USA Threethambal Puckree Durban University of Technology South Africa Alejandro Quiroga Universidad de Alcalá de Henares Spain Bernardo Ramirez Rios Skidmore College USA André Richelieu Université Laval Canada Keven Richly Hasso Plattner Institute Germany 39

Hector Rivera-Rivera University of Southern Mississippi/United States Army USA Cassio Mascarenhas Robert Pires Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Brazil Robert C. Schneider State University of New York USA David Scott The Open University UK Glaucio Scremin University of West Georgia USA Mabatho Sedibe University of Johannesburg South Africa Masahiro Shibata The Asahi Shimbun Brazil Thomas Shortall Cygnet Hospital Harrow UK Damon Smith Souletics, LLC USA John T. Sorrell Behavioral Health Psychology Services USA Waldeir Souza Our Lady of Mercy School Brazil Walmir Souza Our Lady of Mercy School Brazil Seth Stone Regent University USA Mahtab Tavakoli Farhangian university Iran (Islamic Republic of) Derya Tekin Queen's University Belfast UK Kyle Townsend Auburn University USA Andre Lindsey Travill University of the Western Cape South Africa Tshepang Tshube Michigan State University USA Paul Turner Deakin University Australia Katia Valente Our Lady of Mercy School Brazil Marjolein van den Bergh Utrecht University School of Governance Netherlands Derek Van Rheenen University of California, Berkeley USA Frank Vaught Wellness on Earth USA Paulo de Tarso Veras Farinatti Universidade Salgado de Oliveira (UNIVERSO) Brazil Karl Manuel Veth King's College London UK Kai-Li Wang National Taiwan Sport University Taiwan Andrew Webb Université Laval Canada Dilek Yaliz Solmaz Anadolu University Turkey Alan Zaremba Northeastern University USA

A Social Knowledge Platform Create Your Academic Profile and Connect to Peers

Developed by our brilliant Common Ground software team, Scholar connects academic peers from around the world in a space that is modulated for serious discourse and the presentation of knowledge works.

Utilize Your Free Scholar Membership Today through • Building your academic profile and list of published works. • Joining a community with a thematic or disciplinary focus. • Establishing a new knowledge community relevant to your field. • Creating new academic work in our innovative publishing space. • Building a peer review network around your work or courses. Scholar Quick Start Guide

1. Navigate to http://cgscholar.com. Select [Sign Up] below ‘Create an Account’. 2. Enter a “blip” (a very brief one-sentence description of yourself). 3. Click on the “Find and join communities” link located under the YOUR COMMUNITIES heading (On the left hand navigation bar). 4. Search for a community to join or create your own. Scholar Next Steps – Build Your Academic Profile

• About: Include information about yourself, including a linked CV in the top, dark blue bar. • Interests: Create searchable information so others with similar interests can locate you. • Peers: Invite others to connect as a peer and keep up with their work. • Shares: Make your page a comprehensive portfolio of your work by adding publications in the Shares area - be these full text copies of works in cases where you have permission, or a link to a bookstore, library or publisher listing. If you choose Common Ground’s hybrid open access option, you may post the final version of your work here, available to anyone on the web if you select the ‘make my site public’ option. • Image: Add a photograph of yourself to this page; hover over the avatar and click the pencil/edit icon to select. • Publisher: All Common Ground community members have free access to our peer review space for their courses. Here they can arrange for students to write multimodal essays or reports in the Creator space (including image, video, audio, dataset or any other file), manage student peer review, co-ordinate assessments, and share students’ works by publishing them to the Community space. 41

A Digital Learning Platform Use Scholar to Support Your Teaching

Scholar is a social knowledge platform that transforms the patterns of interaction in learning by putting students first, positioning them as knowledge producers instead of passive knowledge consumers. Scholar provides scaffolding to encourage making and sharing knowledge drawing from multiple sources rather than memorizing knowledge that has been presented to them.

Scholar also answers one of the most fundamental questions students and instructors have of their performance, "How am I doing?" Typical modes of assessment often answer this question either too late to matter or in a way that is not clear or comprehensive enough to meaningfully contribute to better performance.

A collaborative research and development project between Common Ground and the College of Education at the University of Illinois, Scholar contains a knowledge community space, a multimedia web writing space, a formative assessment environment that facilitates peer review, and a dashboard with aggregated machine and human formative and summative writing assessment data.

The following Scholar features are only available to Common Ground Knowledge Community members as part of their membership. Please email us at [email protected] if you would like the complimentary educator account that comes with participation in a Common Ground conference.

• Create projects for groups of students, involving draft, peer review, revision and publication. • Publish student works to each student’s personal portfolio space, accessible through the web for class discussion. • Create and distribute surveys. • Evaluate student work using a variety of measures in the assessment dashboard.

Scholar is a generation beyond learning management systems. It is what we term a Digital Learning Platform—it transforms learning by engaging students in powerfully horizontal ‘social knowledge’ relationships.

For more information, visit: http://knowledge.cgscholar.com. 42

NOTES

SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SPORT AND SOCIETY

CALL FOR PAPERS

30-31 July 2015 University of Toronto Toronto, Canada

CONFERENCE FOCUS Entering its sixth year, the conference will explore a wide-ranging and interdisciplinary examination of sport, including: the history, sociology, and psychology of sport; sports medicine and health; physical and health education; and sports administration and management. The conference is a cross-disciplinary forum which brings together researchers, teachers, and practitioners to discuss the role of sport in society. The resulting conversations weave between the theoretical and the empirical, research and application, market pragmatics and social idealism.

Special Focus for 2015: Sport in the Americas

CALL FOR PAPERS AND CONFERENCE DETAILS To learn more about the conference, including speakers, session formats, venue, and registration visit the conference website at www.sportandsociety.com/the-conference.

RETURNING MEMBER REGISTRATION RATE We are pleased to offer a Returning Member Registration Discount to delegates who have attended the Sport and Society Conference in the past. Returning community members will receive a discount off the full conference registration rate. Please visit the registration page for details at www.sportandsociety.com/the- conference/registration.