Makoni Organic Farmers Association

Empowered lives. Resilient nations.

MAKONI ORGANIC FARMERS ASSOCIATION Zimbabwe Equator Initiative Nhorondo dzezvirongwa mumatunhu Nzira dzebudiriro mumatunhu dzinoshanda zvinoenderera mberi kuvanhu, zvisikwa nezviwanikwa pamwe nenharaunda dzisingashanduki nyore UNDP EQUATOR INITIATIVE NHOROONDO YEHURONGWA

Vagari nezvizvarwa zvemumatunhu akasiyana siyana pasi rose vari kufambira mberi nekutsvagurudza nzira dzebudiriro dzinoenderera mberi mumatunhu avo dzisingakuvadze vanhu, miti kana zvisikwa zvose. Pari zvino, kuchine zvinyorwa zvishoma zvinotaura zvizere nyaya dziri kuitika kumatunhu dzezvirongwa zvakadai, matangiro ezvirongwa zvacho pamwe neshanduko yaunzwa nezvirongwa izvi nyangwe mashandukiro anoita zvirongwa izvi nenguva. Vanyori vashoma zvikurusa vatora nguva yekugara pasi nezvizvarwa zvematunhu, vachipa zvizvarwa zvematunhu mukana wekutungamirira kunyorwa kwetsananguro dzezvirongwa zvakadai. Urongwa hwe Equator Initiative hunovavarira kuvhara mukaha uyu.

Mubairo wehurongwa hweEquator Initiative (Equator Prize 2014) wakagamuchidzwa kumapoka makumi matatu nemashanu (35) ematunhu arikuita zvirongwa zvekugadzirisa zvinopikisa namamiriro ekunze ne budiriro kuburikidza nekuchengetedza uye mashandisiro ezviwanikwa zvakatikomberedza anoyemurika. Mapoka aya akasarudzwa kubva mumapoka anosvika churu nemazana maviri ane makumi matatu nemana (1234) munyika dzinosvika zana nemakumi maviri nerimwe (121). Mapoka makumi matatu nemashanu akakunda aya akacherechedzwa pamwe chete nekupemberera mabasa nemibairo yavo pagungano rakaitwa pamwe chete neboka re UN Secretary General’s Climate Summit rakabatana neve World Conference on Indigenous Peoples. Mhemberero nemakungano aya zvakaitwa muguta reNew York muAmerica. Pagungano iri pakanyanya kutsimbidzirwa hurongwa hwekukoshesha masango nekudzoredzera akaparadzwa, kuchengetedza mvura, nzizi, nyanza, nezvine chekuita nezvekuwanikwa kwekudya kwakakwana pamwe nezvekurima. Chinyorwa chino chinotevera chikamu chehurongwa huri kukura hunotsanangura zvakaongororwa zvinoshanda zviine chinangwa chekusimudzira hurukuro dzezvemitemo inodikanwa mukusimidzira nekuenderera mberi kwebudiriro yematunhu, kuvandudza ruzivo rwebudiriro nezvekuchengetedzwa kwezviwanikwa mumatunhu uyezve kushandiswa semienzaniso kune vangade kutevedzera mukuchengetedzwa kwezviwanikwa mumatunhu zvakanaka. Hunyorwa hwematunhu hwakaita sehuno hunonyatsonzwisisika pamwe chete negwaro rinoratidza simba rezvirongwa zvezvizvarwa zvematunhu mukuchengetedza zviwanikwa kubva mune zvakadzidzwa mumakore gumi wemubairo weEquator. Muchirungu gwaro iri rinonzi: The Power of Local Action: Lessons from 10 Years of the Equator Prize, a compendium of lessons learned and policy guidance that draws from the case material.

Vanyori Mugadzirisi wechinyorwa mukuru (Editor in chief): Joseph Corcoran Akabatsira mugadzirisi wechinyorwa mukuru (contributing Editor): Anne Virnig

Vanyori vakabatsira muhunyorwa hwuno Anthony von Arx, Tiffany Challe, Elle Chang, Joseph Corcoran, Lorena De La Parra Landa, Eva Gurria, Kathryn McCann, John Mulqueen, Qiang Li, Maryka Paquette, Deganit Perez, Alejandra Pero, Alan Pierce, Elizabeth Shaw, Martin Sommerschuh, Anne Virnig, Joshua Voges

Anoshongedza gwaro Kimberly Koserowski

Rukudzo nekutenda Urongwa hwe Equator Initiative hunotenda zvikurusa boka reMakoni Organic Farmers Association pamwe chete naVaEdwin Mazhawidza veOrganic Network Forum, Mai Tsitsi Wutawunashe veGEF Small Grants Programme nerubatsiro rwavo mukuisa pamwe chete chinyorwa chino. Pamifananidzo yose rukudzo kuna Anesu Freddy weUNDP pamwe chete naLuckson Chapungu weGEF Small Grants Programme. Duranzira dzakawanikwa kubva kuCIA World Factbook neWikipedia. Akaisa gwaro mururimi rweChishona kubva kuChirungu ndiPauline Chibvuma rikazonatsurudzwa naRonald Marumbi, vose vachishandira United Nations pachena (United Nations Volunteers).

Manyorerwo angaitwe gwaro rino muzvimwe zvinyorwa United Nations Development Programme. 2016. Makoni Organic Farmers Association, Zimbabwe. Equator Initiative Case Study Series. New York, NY. MAKONI ORGANIC FARMERS ASSOCIATION Zimbabwe

PFUPISO YEBASA RAKAITWA PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA Boka remushandirapamwe rekurima nezvakatikomberedza Boka rakatora mubairo weEquator Prize: 2014 zvinosanganisira mupfudze nemurakwani rakavambwa senzira yekubuda mukurima p kunoshandisa mishonga zvakanyanya Mavambo eboka: 2007 kwakafanana nekurima fodya. Boka revarimi vekwa Makoni vanorima vasingashandise mishonga inokuvadza rine varimi vanosvika mazana Nzvimbo: nharaunda yeMakoni, dunhu reManicaland, muZimbabwe mana nemakumi mashanu, uye vakagashira zvidzidzo zvekurima Varikubatsirwa: varimi mazama mana ane makumi mashanu kubva vasingashandisi mishonga inokuvadza (Organic Farming). Boka iri rinoshanda kubudikidza nenzira nhatu dzinosanganisira kusimbiswa munzvimbo dzinokwana makumi maviri nemaviri munharaunda nekuvakwa kweruzivo, kurudziro yenzira dzakanaka dzekurima yeMakoni, muwadhi yeTandi muZimbabwe. nadzo mukuchengetwa kwenyuchi, kurima howa, kuchengeta huku, nekurima minda, mapindu nembesa yemiti pamwe chete nekupiwa Zvinangwa: kurima tichishandisa zvakatikomberedza matsamba nezvitambi zvekurima kusingashandiswi mishonga zvinosanganisira mupfudze nemurakwani tisngashandise mishonga inouraya mukutsvaga kusimudzira ndaramo uye mukugadzirisa ivhu yechirungu, Kurima kwezvinhu zvakasiyana siyana zvinosanganisira risisina kudya kwakakwana. Kubudikidza nerubatsiro kubva kuboka, zvikamu makumi mashanu kubva muzana zvenhengo dzeMakoni zvirimwa, zvipfuwo, nyuchi, howa nezvose zvinorarama zvine Organic Farmers Association, zvakapiwa zvitambi zvekurima uku. chekuita nezvekurima, uye nekudzoreredza masango. Kukurudzirwa kwedzimwe nzira dzinowanisa ndaramo uchishandisa zvakatikomberedza zvinosanganisira mupfudze nemurakwani pamwe chete nekupa mwero yekuwana zvitambi zvekurima uku kwabatsira varimi kuti vakwanise kuwedzera cheuviri nekuvhurikirwa nemikana kumisika mitsva inotenga nemitengo yepamusoro. Munzvimbo dzakange dzisisaibve kuburikidza nekurimwa kwefodya kwakanyanya nekufiritiwa nemishonga, kurima nemupfudze pamwe chete nekusimwa kwemiti yakasiyana siyana kwasimudzira kuvepo kwezvekudya kunovaka muviri, kuvepo kwezviwanikwa zvakasiyana siyana pamwe chete nekukodza ivhu. ZVIRI MUGWARO

Tsananguro Nemamiriro Enzvimbo 4

Zviitiko zvakakosha, kuvandudzwa kwazvo uye nzira itsva 8 Shanduko mukuchengetedzwa kwakanaka kwenharaunda 10 nezviwanikwa Shanduko mune zvehupfumi nemagariro akanaka evanhu 11

Shanduko munyaya dzevanhukadzi nevanhurume 11

Shanduko mukuumbwa kwemitemo 12

Kupfuurira mberi kwezvirongwa 13

Kudzokoredzeka kwezvirongwa zvemhando iyi 13

Kubata pamwe nevamwe 13

3 Tsananguro Nemamiriro Enzvimbo

Zimbabwe: Mamiriro ezvekurima, kuchengetedzwa yaiva varimi vemumaruwa kunzvimbo dzinonaya mvura shoma kwenharaunda nezviwanikwa nevhu rakareruka, kuchishandiswa zvekurimisa zvishoma uyewo vachikohwa zvishoma. Chibage ndicho chinonyanyorimwa nekufarirwa Mumaruwa ose munyika yeZimbabwe, musha woga woga ndiwo munzvimbo zhinji dzenyika nyangwe muzvimbo dzinonaya mvura unozvishandira kubuditsa pundutso. Mune dzimwe nhanho, varimi shomasa zvisinei nekuti chibage chinoda mvura yakawanda. Kusarima vakavamba mapoka avo emishandirapamwe avanoshanda mabasa mbesa dzakasiyana siyana nekusanyanyofarirwa mudzimba kwembesa avo vachibatsirwa nehurumende, makambani pamwe nemasangano dzinoda mvura shoma dzakaita semhunga, mapfunde nemujumbuya akazvimirira. Vachishanda vari mumapoka avo varimi vanoita kunowedzera kushomeka kwezvokudya zvikuru sei nekuchinja kuri mishandirapamwe yekutenga nekutengesa pamwe chete nemikando. kuita mamiriro ekunze. Varimi vose muZimbabwe vanotarisana nemamiriro ezvinhu akafanana mukuronga mashandisiro avangaite ingava mari pakurima mbesa, Zvikamu makumi manomwe (70%) kubva muzana zvevhu kupfuya mhuka nekuitawo mamwe mabasa angavawanise mari asineyi remuZimbabwe zvinobva kudombo regirenayiti (granite) uye nekurima muminda yavo. Zvinokohwa varimi zvakazendama zvikurusa ijecha rakareruka naizvozvo harinyatsopa goho rakanaka pambesa. pakugona kwemurimi kuronga mashandisirwo akanaka evhu pamwe Kumabvazuva kwenyika kwakawanda ivhu rejecha reKalahari chete nemashandisiro avanoita mvura iyo inova shoma. naizvozvo kushanda kwaro pakurima mbesa kudiki zvikuru. Masango eZimbabwe akawanda miti yakasangana nehuswa kwozoitawo Mugore ra1996, vanhu zvikamu makumi matanhatu nematanhatu masango emunzvimbo dzakaderera akanyorovera achinyuka mvura. kubva muzana (66%) zvevashandi muZimbabwe zvaishanda Masango eZimbabwe anosanganisira miti inomera yega mumasango mumabasa anechekuita nezvekurima. Zvikamu gumi kubva muzana manyoro, mumasango akaoma, neimwewo minda yemiti inosimwa (10%) zvaishandawo mumaindasitiri kwozotiwo zvikamu makumi nevemakambani. Masango anotora zvikamu makumi mashanu maviri nemana (24%) zvaishandawo mumabasa ezvemagariro akanaka nemanakubva muzana (54%) zvenyika yose kwozoitawo chimwe evanhu. Zvisineyi nekuti chikamu chekurima ndicho chinosevenzwa chikamu gumi nenhatu (13%) chiri pasi pemasango emakwenzi. neruzhinji munyika, ongororo yakaitwa mugore ra2004 yakaratidza Chikamu chiri pamusoro pemakumi maviri nezvishanu (25%) kubva kuti chikamu chekurima chaipa upfumi hwenyika chikamu gumi muzana chiri pasi pehurumende senzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mhuka nesere (18%) kubva muzana bedzi ukuwo chikamu chemaindasitiri dzesango nemasango akachengetedzwa. chaiisawo muupfumi hwenyika zvikamu makumi maviri nemana kubva muzana (24%). Chikamu chemagariro akanaka evanhu chichiisa Masango eZimbabwe anokosha zvikuru kundaramo dzeveruzhinji zvikamu makumi mashanu nemasere (58%) kubva muzana. Zvirimwa kuburikidza nekuwanisa vanhu michero yemumasango, mishonga, zvinopa zvekudya munyika zvinoti chibage, mapfunde, mhunga huni, mvura yakachena pamwe chete nemafuro ezvipfuyo. Vagari negorosi kwozoitawo miriwo yakasiyana siyana. Zvirimwa zvinopa mari vemumaruwa vanokosherwa zvikuru nezviwanikwa zvemumasango, kunyika zvinosanganisira donje, nzimbe, fodya kwozoitawo zvimwe zvidyiwa nemishonga inosimbisa hutano pamwe nekuvaka zvirimwa zvakaita semadomasi, matapiri nemhiripiri. Pakawana muviri ukuwo huni dzichipa vanhu moto uye mafuro kuzvipfuyo nyika kuzvitonga kuzere muna 1980, Zimbabwe yakagara nhaka anochengetedza maindasitiri emukaka nenyama munyika. Masango chikamu chezvekurima chichipa mari kuupfumi hwenyika kubudikidza anochengeta mhuka dzesango dzakasiyana siyana dzinokoka vashanyi nenzira mbiri. Nzira yekutanga mapurazi makuru aishandisa michina chinova chikamu chechitatu (30%) pakuwanisa nyika mari yekunze achikohwa pakuru nezvekutengesa. Mapurazi makuru airima yakawanda mumashure mezvekurima nezvicherwa. Pamusoro pezvo, nekukohwa zvemhando yepamusoro aiwanikwa kunzvimbo dzine masango anochengetedza ivhu, mvura nezvinyukwa zvayo pamwe vhu rakapfuma uye kunonaya mvura zvakanaka. Nzira yechipiri chete nekudzivirira mafashamo.

4 Mamiriro enharaunda yeMakoni makumi maviri ane rimwe kubva muzana (21%) zvemasango panzvimbo ingakwana kuita mahekitari zviuru mazana matatu ane Nharaunda yeMakoni iri mudunhu reManicaland iri gumi nemaviri anoraudzira (312, 900 ha) zvemasango. Masango nechekumabvazuwa akarerekera kumaodzanyemba munyika mazhinji muZimbabwe ave nemakore akawanda ari pakati pemakumi yeZimbabbwe. Dunhu reManicaland rinoganhurana nedunhu manomwe nemashanu (75) nezana nemakumi mashanu (150). reMashonaland East kumaodzanyemba, nerimwe dunhu renyika Izvi zvinoreva kuti kuparadzwa kwemasango kunounza shanduko yeMozambique kumabvazuva, nedunhu reMasvingo kuchamhembe mumamiriro ezvokunze uye mumararamiro ezvisikwa munharaunda. kwakarerekera kumadokero kozotiwo dunhu reMidlands Kushandiswa kwehuni kwakanyanya kwawedzera kuparara nechekumadokero. Manicaland ine nzvimbo nomwe dzinoti: Buhera, kwemasango nekuchimbidza mumaruwa pamwe nekunzvimbo Chimanimani, Chipinge, Makoni, Mutare, Mutasa, and Nyanga. Guta dzakagariswa vanhu patsva kwakaitwa mugore ra2000. Dambudziko reRusape ndiro rinonyanyoshandiswa nenharaunda yeMakoni. rekuparara kwemasango ranyanya kuwedzerwa zvakare nekuwanda Guta reRusape rine vanhu vangasvika zviuru makumi maviri kwaita varimi vadiki vefodya mumakore mashoma apfuura. nemapfumbamwe ane mazana matatu. Rusape iri makiromita anosvika zana nemakumi manomwe nechekuchamhembe chakarerekera Panokohwiwa mashizha efodya kubva mumunda, anofanira kuenda mabvazuva eguta guru reHarare. Nzvimbo yeRusape inozivikanwa pasi pekupiswa kukuru muchikamu chekupisa fodya. Chikamu nekuva yakakwirira, inotonhorera nekuva netwukomo pamwe chete chekupisa fodyaichi chinoitikira muhovhoni yakagadzirirwa nehuswa hwakawanda hwakasangana nemiti. Kurima fodya nechibage kupisira fodya umo mhepo inopisa inotenderedzwa nechinangwa kunyanya, ndiko kunonyanyowanisa vagari venzvimbo iyi ndaramo. chekuburitsa hunyoro mumashizha efodya. Marasha nehuni ndizvo zvinonyanyashandiswa muchikamu chekupisa fodya ichi uye chinotora MuZimbabwe kugara nekugara, chikamu chefodya ndicho chaiisa nguwa ingasvike svondo. Huni ndidzo dziri nyore kuwana kuvarimi mari yakawanda muhupfumi hwenyika. Mugore ra2012, Zimbabwe vazhinji nepamusana pekuti magetsi nemarasha zvinovadhurira. Moto yakagamuchira mamiriyoni mazana manomwe nemakumi manomwe wehuni haunyatsopisa sezvingaita moto wemagetsi kana wemarasha, nerimwe emadhora ekuAmerica kubva kufodya yaitengwa nemadhora nokudaro huni dzinoshanda dzakawandisa pachikamu chekutsva mashanu ane makumi mapfumbanwe ane mana ekuAmerica kwefodya ichi. Varimi vazhinji vadiki vanomira nehuni pakupisa fodya pakirogiramu yega yega mumisika yekunze. Sezvakangoitawo yavo zvichireva izvo kuparadzwa kwemasango kuti vawane huni. maindasitiri mazhinji ane midzi yemuZimbabwe, chikamu chefodya Mugore ra2011 roga, mahekitari emasango akasvike zviuru makumi chaimbove nevachena vakawanda vairima nechinangwa chebhizimisi. mana nematanhatu (46,000ha) akaparadzwa, miriyoni rekiyubiki Zvakadaro, makore mashoma apfuura aratidza varimi vadiki mita rinoraudzira (1.38m³) rehuni rikatsva mukupisa fodya inorema vakawanda vachipindawo muchikamu chefodya. Pakati pegore mamiriyoni zana rine makumi maviri nemanomwe emakirogiramu ra2012 nera2013 poga, paratidza varimi vefodya vachiwedzera kubva (127 million kg). Sangano reInternational Tobacco Growers Association pazviuru makumi maviri nezviviri kusvika pazviuru makumi matanhatu (ITGA), rinoti murimi mudiki anokohwa makirogiramu efodya angasvike nemashanu. Zvikamu makumi masere kubva muzana zvevarimi vatsva churu chine mazana mana pahekitari uye achida huni dzingasvike ava zviri muboka revarimi vadiki vanorima mbesa dzekutengesa matani manomwe dzekupisa nadzo. Zvabatanidzwa, varimi vadiki pamunda isingadariki hekita rimwe rine zvikamu zvitatu. Panguva vefodya pagore rega rega muZimbabwe vangade kutema miti inosvika yekurima yegore ra2013, mahekita zviuru zvinonwe zvine makumi mamiriyoni mashanu ane zviuru mazana matatu (5.3million) kuti manomwe ane mapfumbamwe negumi eminda akarimwa fodya zvivafambire zvakanaka pakupisa fodya. zvichiratidza kuwedzera nezvikamu makumi matatu nemasere kubva muzana zvaenzanisa negore rapfuura ra2012. Kukanganisika kwehutano nekushomeka kwezvokudya

Kurimwa kwefodya nevarimi vadiki seimwehonzero huru Pamusoro pekuenedsa mberi kuparadzwa kwemasango, kurima yekuparadzwa kwemasango kwefodya kunodaidzira kushandisa kwezvakawanda-wanda zvinoda simba nemishonga. Mishonga yakakosha pakurima kwefodya uye Kuparadzwa kwemasango idambudziko ragara ririmo muZimbabwe. inodhura pakuitenga ichikuvadza nharaunda zvikuru kusanganisira Muongororo yakaitwa nebhanga guru reWorld Bank muna 2010, kukanganisa mvura nehutano hweveruzhinji. Kushandisa mishonga zvikamu makumi matanhatu nezviviri kubva muzana (62%) zvevagari kunokonzera kukanganisa iivhu kwakanyanya zvakare imwe mishonga vemuZimbabwe vanowanikwa kumaruwa uye vanoshandisa huni inosaririra inogara kwenguva refu, uye inogona kukuvadza vanhu mudzimba. Pakati pegore ra1995 Zimbabwe yakarasikirwa nezvikamu sezvo ichikwanisa kupinda mumiviri kubudikidza neganda, mhuno

“Kubatira pamwe chete munharaunda kwakakosha mukubudirira kwezvirongwa. Kuti nharaunda ipinde pamwe chete nekubata muhurongwa inoda kupiwa simba rekukwanisa kuita nekutorawo matanho. Naizvozvo vanogadzira mitemo vanosungirwa kupa nharaunda simba rekudzoreredza kuenzaniswa kwemikana, rukudzo, kutonga zvisina tsvete pamwe chete nekuva varidzi vanogona kuchengetedza nharaunda pakati pevanhu nemukuwadzana nemukushanda kuti pave nezvokudya zvakakwana nekudzikisira urombo pavarimi veoganiki.” VaEdwin Mazhawidza, veOrganic Network Forum

5 kana pakudya. Kana ichinge yashandiswai, mishonga inoramba iri Mugore ra2007, boka revarimi muMakoni rakauya pamwe chete muvhu, imwe inopedzisira yave pasi pevhu kana pasi penzizi, imwe kuzogamuchira ruzivo kubva kusangano reOrganic Network Forum inokwanisa kupinda mumafuta ehove, mumhuka nemumiriwo. rwekurima vasingashandise mafetiraiza nemishonga. Varimi vakadzidza Kushandiswa kwemishonga yefodya yakaita seDDT, tamaron nemethyl nzira dzokushandisa mukurima pasina kutema miti. Nzira dzakaita dibromide kuri kuoneka sekune hukama nechirwere chegomarara, sekushandura ivhu, kurima zvirimwa zvakasiyana siyana nekupfuya kuremara dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri, kukanganiswa kwevarwi mhuka dzemumisha zvakadzidziswawo. Chakanyanyokosha kwakave vemuviri uye kukundikana mukubereka. kudzidziswa kubva mukushandisa mafetiraiza nemishonga. Varimi venharaunda vakadzidziswa zvakare kushandisa mupfudze yemashizha, Fodya chirimwa chinotengeserwa kunze kwenyika uye haina mipfudze yemumatanga ezvipfuyo uyezve kuchengetedza hunyoro chikamu chainopa pakuwanikwa kwezvekudya munyika yakatarisana muvhu pachishanda mupfudze. wekombositi. Mufudze wekombositi nekushomeka kwezvekudya. Zvakadaro, minda inokwanisa kushanda unokurudzira kuchengetedzeka kwemvura muvhu, kufamba pakuwanisa zvekudya kuvagari venharaunda, iri kurimwa chirimwa zvakanaka kwemvura muvhu pamwe nekudzivirira kurasika kwevhu. chinongoshanda bedzi kugadzira midzanga yefodya nezvimwewo Kudzivirira twumbuyu pasingashande mishonga kwakakurudzirwa zvakangodaro zvemuchikamu chefodya. Zvikamu makumi masere kubudikidza nekushandisa zviwanikwa zvemunharaunda zvinobatsira nezvinonwe kubva muzana zvevarimi vefodya (87%) zvinoti mukuchengetedza zvirima. Pamusoro pezvo, varimi vakakurudzirwa zvinoshandisa chikamu cheminda yavo chiri pasi pemaeka mashanu kusima miti muminda pamwe nekusimazve zvirimwa zvakasiyana siyana. kurima zvidyiwa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti varimi vefodya vakawanda Izvi zvakaonekwa senzira yepamusoro mukuchengetedza kudyidzana vakatarisana nekushomeka kwezvokudya mumisha yavo. Kuwanda kwezvisikwa uyewo kupedza dambudziko rehwuwandu hwezvimbuyu kweminda yefodya kunopedza nzvimbo dzingashandiswa mukupfuiwa munharaunda. kwezvipfuwo zvemumisha uye kunowedzera kukanganisika kwevhu nekufusirwa kwenzizi. Chikamu chekutanga chekugamuchira ruzivo ichi chakazvara varimi vekwaMakoni vasingashandise mafetiraiza nemishonga pakurima. Kuzvarwa kwesangano revarimi vekwaMakoni (Makoni Organic Farmers Association), sangano remunharaunda, vasingashandise mafetiraiza nemishonga (Makoni rine chinangwa chekukurudzira zvinoenderera mberi pamawanirwo endaramo, budiriro yenharaunda pamwe chete nekuchengeteka Organic Farmers Association) kwakanaka kwenharaunda nezviwanikwa. Muzvikamu zvekutanga, Senzvimbo zhinji muZimbabwe, varimi vadiki venharaunda yeMakoni sangano iri raikuridzira varimi nekuvazivisa nezvekunaka kwekurima mumakore achangopfuura, vakarerekerawo kugwara rekurima fodya. vasingashandise mafetiraiza nemishonga pane kurima fodya. Pakutanga, Zvakadaro, kurima fodya kunoda simba rekushanda rakawanda pamusoro varimi vazhinji vaisava nechokwadi pakusiya kurima fodya. Zvisineyi, pekushandiswa zvakawanda wandawo zvinova zvisingakwanise nekufamba kwenguwa kunaka kwekurima vasingashandise mafetiraiza kuendereri mberi uye zvinopedza homwe. Varimi vakaona njodzi nemishonga kwakaramba kuchivajekera, nokudaro varimi vazhinji yavaisangana nayo mukushandisa mishonga, uye kukanganiswa kwe venharaunda vakatanga kusiya kurima fodya vakananga mukurima nharaunda pamwe nekushanduka kwemashandisiro eminda. kune hukama hwakanaka nezviwanikwa munharaunda kuchisimudzira

6 ndaramo nekuvepo kwezvekudya zvakawanda. Nerubatsiro rwavaiwana nadzo dzinowanisa mari ukuwo dzichiremekedza hutano hwenharaunda kubva kuOrganic Forum Network, sangano reMakoni rakatanga kushanda uye kudyidzana zvakanaka kwezvisikwa nezviwanikwa. MOFA yakaita nevarimi richikurudzira kushandisa zvakatarwa pakurima nemupfudze donzvo rekushandisa nzira dzekurima vasingashandise mafetiraiza zvinova zvaizoita kuti zvirimwa zvavo zvipinde mumisika yemipfudze nemishonga mukudzoreredza hutano hwenharaunda nekuderedza yepasi rose. kushandisa mishonga kubudikidza nekudzivirira twumbuyu pasina kushandisa mishonga yemuzvitoro. Kubudikidza nekushandisa nzira Shanduko huru yakavapo mugore ra2011 apo boka revarimi veMakoni dzepasichigare pamwe chete nedzechizvino zvino, boka iri rakwanisa vanorima vasingashandise mafetiraiza nemishonga (Makoni Organic kuwedzera goho, kudzikisa kubatwa kwezvirimwa nezvirwere, Farmers Association) rakagamuchira mari kubva kuGlobal Environment kusimudzira ndaramo kubudikidza nekubvisa kumira nemishonga Facility Small Grants Programme (GEF SGP) yeUNDP. Mari iyi yakashanda pakurima. Varimi venharaunda vave kuziva njodzi dzehutano kusimudzira mabasa eboka pamwe chete nekutanga ndima nhanhatu dzinounzwa nekushandiswa kwemishonga. Iye zvino varimi vave dzekuratidza nekudzidzisa marimiro emupfudze akanaka. Boka iri kushandisa mipfudze nezvinowanikwa munharaunda mavo senzira rakagamuchira zvakare rumwe ruzivo rwokurimavachishandisa yekusiyana nekushandisa mishonga pakurima. Kurima vasingashandise zvakatikomberedza zvinosanganisira mupfudze nemurakwani; nhano mafetiraiza nemishongakunosanganisa kuwanda kwezvinofema yakava yakakosha zvikuru pakuzowana chitambi chekurima nemupfudze nemhuka, mbesa nezvipfuyo zvamarudzi akasiyana siyana pamwe kweboka iri mugore ra2012. Boka revarimi veMakoni vanorima chete nekuchengetedzwa kwevhu. Kurima uku kunobatsira kudzikisa vasingashandise mafetiraiza nemishonga (MOFA) rava boka rine kushandiswa kwemafetiraiza emuzvitoro,mishonga yemuzvitoro uye mukurumbira wakanaka zvikuru munharaunda zhinji mune zvokurima zvisikwa zvakashandurwa rudzi, aye anonzi maGMOs. Marimiro akadai uku. . Nharaunda dzakatenderedza Makoni dzave kuziva kudikanwa haangosimudziri hutano hwevanhu bedzi nekuwanda kwezvirimwa kwekuchengetedza nzvimbo nezviwanikwa, kukosha kwekusiya nezviwanikwa zvemarudzi akasiyana siyana, asiwo nehutano mishonga, pamwe nezvakanakira kurima vasingashandise mafetiraiza hwenharaunda nezviwanikwa zvese kunyangwe nezviri kunze kweminda. nemishonga zkuchengetedzwa kwevhu, kuderedza kukurwa kwevhu, kuwedzera kwezvokudya zvinovaka miviri uye kuwanikwa kwechikafu Hutungamiriri nemarongerwo eboka chakakwana. Chakanyanyokosha ndechekuti varimi vakawanda vari kusiya kurima fodya vakananga kurima zvokudya izvo zviri kukurudzira kuvapo Vanhu venharaunda ndivo varidzi vechirongwa ichi uyezve ndivo kwezvokudya zvakakwana pamwe nekuzvimiririra kwenharaunda. vanochiendesa mberi. Varimi vanoshanda muzvikamu zvose zvechirongwa kubvira mukunyora hurongwa nezviitiko, mashandisirwo Boka reMakoni rakashanda kubudikidza nemitowo miviri. Chekutanga emari, kuita mabasa akatarwa pamwe chete nekuongorora mafambiro chaiva nechinangwa chekubvisa mishonga kuburikidza nekukurudzira ezviitiko zviri pahurongwa. MOFA ine bhuku rayo rekubhanga nzira dzekurima vasingashandise mafetiraiza nemishonga. Chepiri kwainogashirira mari yakaita seyekuGEF SGP. Bhuku rekubhanga iri chainangana nekuvaka hunyanzvi pakurima vasingashandise mafetiraiza rinotariswa nenhengo dzakasarudzwa dzeboka. nemishonga pamwe chete nekuvhura mikana yenzira dzekurarama

Boka rehutungamiri hwepamusoro (Trustees)

Komiti inotungamirira boka revarimi vekwaMakoni

Komiti Komiti Komiti Komiti yehutungamiriri yehutungamiriri yehutungamiriri yehutungamiri yekwaChitsva yekwaTandi yekuChirimutsitu yekuCheneka

Varimi Vamemi Varimi Vamemi Varimi Vamemi Varimi Vamemi

Varimi

7 Zviitiko Zvakakosha, Kuvandudzwa Kwazvo Uye Nzira Itsva

Shuviro/tarisiro yeMOFAkudzoreredza kunzwisisa simba ravo sevarimi mafetiraiza nemishongapamwe chete nekusvika pane zvakatarwa veMakoni rekugona kuchengeta nharaunda yavo nenzira inowanisa nezvakatarwa pakutengeserana pasina chitsotsi zvakadzikwa neISO65. ndaramo kuvagari pamwe nekuchengetedza nharaunda nezviwanikwa ISO65 ndeyepasi rose yakazvimiririra, inokurudzira kujekeserana, zvayo. Mabasa eboka anonangana nekusimudzira mararamiro kuenzaniswa kwemikana zviri mugwara remhando yepamusoro soro. enhengo dzeboka kuburikidza nekuvapa mikana yekuwana nayo Boka reMakoni rinoita kuti mbeu dzisina mafetiraiza nemishonga mari mukurima nemupfudze, kuchengeta nyuchi, kudzoreredza dziiwanikwe kubukidza nemakungano ekuratidza mbeu. Panewo nharaunda pamwe chete nekurima howa. Zvinangwa zvikuru zveboka zvirongwa zvekurima mbeu dzinopa varimi mukana wetsamba iri ndezvinoti: yekutanga yekurima vasingashandise vasingashandise mafetiraiza nemishonga pamwe nekuzivikanwa kuIFOAM iyo inozopa mvumo I. Kusimbisa nharaunda mukurima, vasingashandise mafetiraiza yekuti chitambi chekupedzisira chiwanikwe. nemishonga uyezve kuchengetedza zviwanikwa zvendudzi dzakasiyana siyana Kuvakwa nekusimbiswa kwezivo yeboka

II. Kusimbisa nharaunda mukuwana misika yezvirimwa zvisina Boka rinoshandisa nzira nhatu mukufambisa mabasa aro. Nzira mafetiraiza nemishonga munyika muno pamwe nekunze yokutanga yakanangana nekuvaka nekusimbisa zivo nechinangwa chekuisa hwaro hwakasimba hwunokurudzira kubudirira kwemabasa III. Kumisa nzvimbo inopa mazano kuvagari venharaunda ari maringe nekuenderera mberi kweboka. Varimi vanogamuchidzwa zivo nezvehutano, kuchengetedzwa kwezviwanikwa pamwe chete yakadzama yekurima vasingashandise mafetiraiza nemishonga, nemikana yokuwanisa mari kudzivirira twumbuyu, kufuya mhuka kunoenderera mberi, kuchengeta Boka rinoita zvirongwa zvakasiyana siyana kuti risangane nezvinangwa nyuchi, kurima howa, pamwe chete nekurima miriwo. Dziidziso zvaro. Misangano pamwe nekuratidza maitiro kunosimudzira ruzivo idzi dzine chinangwa chekupa varimi zivo inodikanwa pakurima panhau yekurima vasingashandise mafetiraiza nemishonga pamwe nemupfudze zvine pundutso. Nyaya dzakakosha dzinokurukurwa nekusimbisa mabasa evarimi mukurima kunoenderera mberi, kurima muzvidzidzo izvi dzinosanganisira kusashandisa mishonga inosvibidza miti uye kuchengeta nyuchi. Marimiro anokurudzirwa neboka nharaunda, kushanduka kuri kuita mamiriro ekunze pamwe chete iri anodzikisira kushandisa zvekutenga achikurudzira kushandisa nezvine chekuita nezviwanikwa zvakasiyana siyana. Varimi vanopiwa zvakazara zvemunharaunda zvinosanganisira makombositi mienzaniso yenzira dzakasiyana siyana dzekurima pasina mishonga mukupfumisa ivhu pamwe nenzira dzekupedza twumbuyu nemafetiraiza dzinoshanda pakurima munharaunda nenzvimbo dzepasichigare. Zviitiko zveboka zvinopfuurira mberi mukupedza dzakasiyana siyana. Boka rakavaka nzvimbo dzekuchengetera masora asiri emunharaunda (invasive species) pamwe nekusimbisa mipfudze yemvura dzinosvika makumi mapfumbamwe nenhanhatu. hutungamiriri hwemunharaunda nekugona kuronga kwaho. Pamusoro Mipfudze yemvura iyi inoshanda mukupfumisa ivhu. Nzvimbo idzi pebasa rekushandisa minda zvinoenderera mberi, MOFA inovaka dzakushandiswa nevarimi vekwaMakoni. Mushure mezvidzidzo izvi, simba revarimi mukuuya pamwe chete seboka kuti vakwanise kupinda varimi vakunyatsonzwisisa nezvenzira dzine hushamwari hwakanaka mumisika iri nane nekuvawo nesimba muhurukuro dzekutengeserana. nenharaunda dzavo dzinosanganisira kushandisa nzira dzepasichigare Mune chimwewo chirongwa chinowedzera kukosha pazvirimwa, nemipfudze. Boka rinoshanda neZimbabwe Organic Producers and boka reMakoni riri kubatsira varimi kuti vasvike pane zvakatarwa Promoters Association (ZOPPA), iyo yaitungamirira zvidzidzo zvaisa neveInternational Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements varimi pachinzvimbo chekukwanisa kugoverana zivo nevamwe varimi (IFOAM), sangano repasi rose rinoona nezvekurima vasingashandise muboka uyezve nevarimi vatsva vari kupindawo muboka.

8 Kuvandudza kurima pasingashandiswe mafetiraiza • Kuchengetwa kwenyuchi: nyuchi dziri kuchengeterwa panzvimbo nemishonga zvinounza ndaramo dzinosvika gumi nenomwe. Parizvino, boka rine mikoko yenyuchi inosvika zana nemakumi maviri pamikoko mazana mashanu Nzira yepiri yeMOFA mukufambisa basa rayo ndeyekusimudzira nemakumi mapfumbamwe airi kuvavarira. Mikoko iyi yose ine nekuvandudza kurimavasingashandise mafetiraiza nemishonga. Boka simba rekuburitsa matani maviri kusvika matatu ehuchi pagore rinoshanda munzvimbo dzakawanda dzenharaunda mukuwedzeredza uhwo hwunotengeserwa mumisika yemunyika muno. kuwanikwa kwemari pamwe nechinangwa charo chekurima nemupfudze kune pundutso kunhengo dzaro. Boka iri ramisa minda • Kurima hwowa: sechirongwa chinoshanda kuwedzera mikana minonwe yemapindu ehekita anoshanda mukuratidza nekupa yekuwana nayo mari, kurima hwowa kuri kuitwa mumisha inosvika mienzaniso, dzidzo nemakohwerwo ezvirimwa kunhengo dzaro. makumi mana neumwe. Pagore roga roga, musha umwe naumwe Varimi vanosvika zana nemakumi maviri vari kushanda mumapindu unokwanisa kubuditsa howa hune huremu hwemakirogiramu aya mukurima nekukohwa hanyanisi, gariki, miriwo yamashizha, makumi maviri izvo zvasimbisa kuwanikwa kwezvekudya pamwe mbambaira pamwe nemaranjisi nemamengo akauchikwa. Boka raita nekupa mhuri idzi imwe nzira yekuwedzera nayo mari. mabasa akatsanangurwa anotevera: • Kupfuya huku: pari zvino zvikwata gumi nematanhatu • Kuchengeta hove nezvisikwa zvemumvura: mabasa ekurima zvakamiririra varimi vangasvike zana nemakumi mashanu mumvura pasingashandiswi mishonga arikuitwa panzvimbo nemashanu ndizvo zvirikuchengeta huku dzechivanhu dzinosvika gumi neina munharaunda. Varimi vari kuchengeta vasingashandise mishonga. Chikwata chimwe nechimwe chine hove mumadhamu pachavo munharaunda dzavo. Zvinobuda mhuri dziri pakati peina nesere. Zvikwata izvi zvinorera huku mukurimwa mumapindundizvo zviri kushanda sechikafu chehove. zvichitevedza mwero yakadzikwa mukurera huku dzechivanhu dzakajaira nzvimbo nemamiriro ekunze enharaunda idzi.

• Kurima nekuchengeta mbeu yemiti: zvikwata makumi maviri nemashanu zvevarimi zviri kusima nekurera mbeu yemiti seimwe nzira yekuwedzeredza mikana yekuwana nayo mari pamwe chete nekudzoreredza nharaunda. Zvabatanidzwa pamwe, mbeu yemiti iyi inoburitsa miti inosvika zviuru gumi iyo inotengeswa ichisimwa zvakare mudunhu iri.

Tsamba/chitambi chekurima vasingashandise mafetiraiza nemishonga zviri pamutemo

Vavariro yeboka reMakoni pamabasa aro ndeyekuwana tsamba/ chitambi chekurima nemupfudze. Nhengo dzeboka dzinokurudzirwa kusvitsa mashandisiro eminda nemarimiro pamwero yezvitambi zvekuirma vasingashandise mafetiraiza nemishonga kuitira kuti zvirimwa zvavo zvipinde pamisika yemunyika muno neyekunze zvine mubairo. Varimi vanogamuchira zivo panzira dzinoshandiswa pakuongorora nemaongorerwo ezvemwero pakuwana zvitambi. Murimi umwe naumwe anogamuchira pepa rezvinyorwa zvinotarisirwa pamunda wake nechinangwa chekukohomedza varimi kuti varambe vari mugwara yemwero inotarisirwa pamunda wake pamwe nekukwanisawo kuva mutariri pane munda weumwe.

Varimi vanosvika mazana maviri nemakumi maviri nevana vawana zvitambi zvekurima vasingashandise mafetiraiza nemishonga izvo zvaita kuti boka riwane musika nekambani iri kutungamirira kutengesera kunze zvirimwa zvakadai yeVegFlora. Semuenzaniso, kusvika pari zvino boka rakwanisa kutengesera kumisika yekunze pizi (peas) dzine huremu hwemakirogiramu churu nezana rine makumi matatu nemana izvo zvaunza mari inosvika madhora ekuAmerica churu chine mazana matatu nemakumi matanhatu. Urongwa huripo pakugadzira muzinda unoshanda mukurongedza nekuunganidza pamwe chete zvirimwa zvemupfudze zvemudunhu rose, zvichizobva zviri pamuzinda uyu kuenda kumisika yakasiyana siyana.

9 Shanduko

SHANDUKO MUKUCHENGETEDZWA KWAKANAKA inofiritwa nechinangwa chekuuraya sora nezvimbuyu yoraudzira nekumamwe masora nezvimbuyu zviri kunze kwezvayamwaiwa KWENHARAUNDA NEZVIWANIKWA yakananga. Mushure mekunge yaiswa muminda iri munharaunda ine Boka risati ravambwa, varimi vemunharaunda yeMakoni vairima fodya zvokudya nezviwanikwa, sora nedzimwewo mhuka dzinodya zvimbuyu iyo inokonzera kuparadzwa kwemiti mukutsvaga huni dzekupisa nesora rafiritwa, kudzamara zvasvika pakuzodyiwawo nevanhu. Izvi fodya uyezve ichishandisa mishonga yakawanda iyo inoramba iri zvinokanganisa hutano zvikuru. muvhu ichisvibidza nharaunda kusanganisira nzizi dzemvura nevhu. Boka reMOFA rinoshanda nevarimi mukukurudzira kushandisa Rudzi rwemishonga yaishandiswa nevarimi mukuedza kuwedzera mupfudze wemanyowa ezvipfuwo nemupfudze wekombositi. Boka goho nemhando yefodya yavo inosanganisira DDT, methyl bromide, rakwanisa kuderedza kushandiswa kwemishonga yefodya inokuvadza rogor netamaron. Mukuedza kugadzirisa hutano nenharaunda zvanga yakaita seDDT kubudikidza nekushandisa miti yakaita sembanda/ zvakanganiswa nekurimwa kwefodya, boka reMOFA rakatanga zvirongwa chimumbanje nechitupatupa pachinzvimbo chemishonga. Ndudzi zvinopedza mishonga munharaunda kubudikidza nekukurudzira idzi dzemiti dzinozivikanwa nekushanda semishonga uye pakuwanika nzira dzekurima pasina mishonga nemafetiraiza pamwe chete nenzira zviri nyore. Boka rakwanisa zvakare kuvaka nzvimbo dzemupfudze dzepasi chigare mukudzivirira twumbuyu. Kuburikidza nekushandisa yemvura dzinosvika makumi mapfumbamwe nematanhatu. nzira dzemunharaunda dzisingadhure pamwe chete nekunanga gwara Mupfudze wemvura uyu unoshanda mukuisa chikafu muvhu pasina rekurima iri boka reMOFAriri kubatsira mukuchengetedza nharaunda kushandisa fetiraiza nemishonga. Vamwe varimi vakwanisa kuvaka pamwe chete nezviwanikwa zvemarudzi akasiyana siyana zvine utano. nzvimbo dzavo dzemipfudze mushure mekudzidza nekuona maitirwo azvo. Mipfudze iyi haifanani neyemishonga yemuzvitoro pakuti Kuderedza mishonga inoshanda muzvikamu zvokurima haidhuri uye kunyangwe nevarimi vane zvokushandisa zvishoma vanokwanisa kuishandisawo muminda yavo zvinoenda mberi. Kurima Kurima kwakajairika kunoshandisa zvinosvibisa nharaunda zvakaita vasingashandise nmafetiraiza nemishonga kwabatsira mukuderedza semafetiraiza pamwe chete nemishonga inouraya sora nezvimbuyu. njodzi dzinokonzerwa nekusangana nemishonga kuvanhu nezvipfuyo Izvi ndizvo zvinonyanyodikanwa zvakare mukurima fodya uye kubudikidza nekusiyiwa kwemishonga mune zvokurima munharaunda zvinokanganisa hutano hwevanhu, nharaunda, nezviwanikwa. iyi. Kuderera kwekushanda kwemishonga mune zvokurima kwabatsira Mishonga inoshanda pakurimwa kwefodya nemiriwo zvinokanganisa mukudzoreredza zviwanikwa zvemuzvitubu nemunzizi. zvakanyanya upenyu hwezviwanikwa zvemumvura nenharaunda yose. Mishonga inoyerera ichibva muminda ndiyo honzeri huru yekufa Kusima nekuderedza kutemwa kwemiti kwezviwanikwa zvemumvura kuburikidza nekuwedzera kwemazerere. Kuwanda kwemazerere nekuchimbidza kunokonzerwa nekuwanda Kupiswa kwefodya muZimbabwe kunonyanyoitwa munguva zhinji kwenitrogen nephosphorous zvinobva muminda zviichipinda mumvura pachishandiswa moto wehuni. Ichi chaiva chokwadi kunyangwe yenzizi zvinopedza zviwanikwa zvemarudzi akasiyana siyana munzizi nemunharaunda yeMakoni, zvinova zvinoendesa mberi kutemwa nemumagungwa pasi rose. Kuwanikwa kwemishonga iyi mumvura kwemiti nekuparadzwa kwemasango kwakanyanya mudunhu iri. Hekita kunoisa hutano hwevanhu nezvipfuyo panjodzi kubudikidza nekumwa rimwe chete remiti rinodikanwawo pakupisa hekita rimwe refodya. kana kuenderwa paganda nemvura yakasvibiswa iyi. Pamakore matatu apfuura, zvinonzi varimi vadiki vefodya vakaparadza mahekita emasango echizvarwa anopfuura zviuru mazana matatu Mishonga inoshanda pakurima iyi inokanganisawo zvakare zviwanikwa nemakumi matatu pagore roga roga anova chikamu chimwe nechikamu zvinofema nemiti iri panze pemvura. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nemishonga chinonwe kubva muzana emasango echizvarwa munyika yose.

10 Kurima uku vachishandisa manyowa nemurakwani kwawanisa varimi vazhinji vasiya kurima fodya vakananga kurima muriwo nemupfudze imwe nzira yekuwana nayo ndaramo isingakanganise masango kusanganisira gariki, hanyanisi, mapuno, howa nebhinzi. Pamusoro nezviwanikwa zvawo zvinova zvabatsira kusiya kurimwa kwefodya. Boka pekusimudzira kuwanikwa kwezvokudya mumisha, kutengesa rinokurudzira kushandisa mbesa nezvirimwa zvamarudzi akasiyana zvirimwa zvemupfudze kwasika mukana wokuwana mari iri pakati siyana mukurima nemupfudze uye boka ravaneminda inosvika pemazana maviri nemakumi mashanu ne mazana matatu emadhora mahekita gumi anorima nekuchengeta mhando yembeu dzepasichigare ekuAmerica pamwaka woga woga pamurimi umwe naumwe. Zvirimwa dzakasiyana siyana dzechibage nedzemhando yebhinzi. Mukupfuurira zvisina mishonga zvinotengwa nemari iri pamusoro mumisika mberi nekukurudzira pamwe nekuchengetedza mhando yembeu yemunyika muno pamwe chete neyekunze. Chimwezve chinobatika yakasiyana siyana yezvirimwa, Makoni inopakurirana nevarimi mhando chaitwa neboka reMakoni, kukwanisa kuwana zvitambi zvepasi yembeu yaratidza kupindirana zvikuru nenharaunda kubudikidza rose zvekurima nemupfudze kuvarimi vanosvika mazana maviri ane nemumisangano nemakundano ekuratidzira mbeu. Mbeu yaratidza makumi maviri nemana zvaita kuti varimi ava vakwanise kutengesera kuwirirana nemamiriro ekunze munzvimbo iyi inopa simba guru mumisika yepasi rose. Mumwedzi waGunyana wegore ra2013, boka kuvarimi vari kutsvaga kubva mukurima fodya inokanganisa nharaunda rakapinda muchibvumirano neVegFlora chakaita kuti varimi veboka nezviwanikwa zvakanyanya. vakwanise kutengesa mumisika yekunze kwenyika makirogiramu churu chine zana nemakumi matatu ane mana epizi dzemupfudze. Pamusoro pekubuda mukurima fodya inopedza masango, MOFA Izvi zvakaunza mari inosvika churu nemazana matatu nemakumi yashanda nenhengo dzayo mukurima mbeu yemiti iyo yakanangana matanhatu emadhora ekuAmerica. nekudzoreredza masango. Mbeu yemiti iyi inokwanisa kuburitsa miti inopfuura zviuru gumi pagore roga roga, naizvozvo chirongwa chembeu Nhengo dzeboka rose varimi vadiki vanowaniswa ndaramo yemiti ichi chapa mukurumbira kuboka seungano yakanangana nezvekurima. Kurima pamwe chete nekuwana tsamba/zvitambi nekuunza shanduko yakanaka muchikamu chezvemamiriro ekunze, zveoganiki kwabatsira varimi kuti vabve mukungorima zvinoperera nharaunda nezviwanikwa mudunhu rose. Kudzoreredza masango mukudya kwepamusha chete asi kuti vakwanise kurima kwaitwa pachishanda miti ine mabasa akawanda; imwe yemiti nezvinopindawo mumisika inowanisa mari. Shanduko iyi yaita kuti iyi inoshanda mukupedza zvimbuyu neimwewo inorapa vanhu varimi vave nechikamu mumisika yezvirimwa zveoganiki zvinova munharaunda. Chaizvo izvo, mhando yemiti ine mabasa akawanda iyi zvasimbisa kuwanikwa kwemari muhomwe dzevarimi. Kuwanda yasimwa panzvimbo yaimbove nemuti unokuvadza wemharapati. Miti kwemikana yekuwana nayo cheuviri kwaunzwa nezvirongwa inoshanda mabasa akawanda yasimwa iyi inosanganisira mugirisidhiya, zveoganiki, kwapa nharaunda simba mukupedza kushomeka musesibhania, mumoringa, hove-muchetura-bhinzi nemuunga kwezvokudya pamwe nekusimudzira zvinovaka miviri nenzira isina muchena. Miti mitsva iyi mumasango yasika umwe mikana wekuwanisa chainokuvadza. vagari ndaramo kubudikidza nekuchengeta nyuchi. Kuderera mukushandiswa kwemishonga nemafetiraiza kwapa Kuchengetedzwa kwemasango kunokosha zvikuru pakuchengetedzeka shanduko yakanaka munharaunda maringe nezveupfumi pamwe kwemhuka dzemasango munyika pamwe chete nedziri panjodzi nezvehutano hwevanhu. Chirongwa chekurima vasingashandise pasi rese dzakaita sechipembere cheruvara rwutema. Zvipembere, mafetiraiza nemishongachisati chavambwa, varimi vaishandisa zvabatanidzwa pasi rose, zvine huwandu hunongoti pfuurei zvishoma mishonga yezvekurima senzira yekuwedzera goho muminda zviuru zvina. Zimbabwe iri panzvimbo yechina mukuva nehuwandu yavo. Pakauya chirongwa ichi boka riri kupedza kushandiswa hwakawanda hwendudzi dzezvipembere uye huwandu hwazvo kwemishonga mushure mekuwana nzira dzekudzivirira mbuyu hwawanikwa huchikwira kubva mukupera kwemakore emakuma1990. nezvirwere pazvirimwa dzisina zvadzinokuvadza. Varimi vagara Mugore ra2008, huwandu hwezvipembere hwaiva mazana mana ane vasina zvekushandisa havasisina dambudziko rekutsvaga mari makumi mapfumbamwe zvichiratidza kukwira kubva pamazana matatu yezvekushandisa zvekurima nemishonga sezvo vave kurima ane makumi maviri emugore ra1998 akaburitswa pakanyorwa gwaro nenemipfudze nemurakwani mukuwedzera goho nepundutso renyika reState of the Environment Report mugore iri. muminda yavo. Shanduko mukushandiswa kweminda yakadai, yasimudzira kupfuma kwevhu, kuderedza kurasikirwa nevhu pamwe SHANDUKO MUNE ZVEHUPFUMI NEMAGARIRO nekusimudzira hutano munharaunda. Chikamu chitsva chemabasa ekurima nemupfudze chaunza AKANAKA EVANHU shanduko zhinji yakanaka mukusimbisa nharaunda mukuchinja Varimi vazhinji muZimbabwe, kusanganisira nevemuMOFAvanowana kuri kuita mamiriro ekunze pamwe nemuzvikamu zveupfumi, ndaramo yavo kubva mukurima. Boka reMOFA rasimudzira upenyu zvekugarisana kwakanaka kwevanhu pamwe chete nenharaunda hwevarimi vemunharaunda vagara vane zvekushandisa zvishoma nezviwanikwa. Zimbabwe yasangana nekushandika mumamiriro kubudikidza nekunangana nekurima zvekudya, kufuya, pamwe ekunze zvanyanyoonekwa mukushanduka mumanayiro emvura. nekuderedza kumira nekuwaniswa mari nefodya; chirimwa Shanduko mumamiriro ekunze iyi iri kuonekwa mukusanaya kwemvura chinodaidzira mari yakawanda pakutenga mishonga. Varimi vanobata kana kunonoka kunaya mune dzimwe nhanho zvinova zvawedzera neboka reMOFA vave kuita mabasa ekurima zvakasiyana siyana dambudziko rekushomeka kwemvura. Nzira zhinji dzemupfudze kunyange mukurima vasingashandise mafetiraiza nemishonga pasina dziri kukurudzirwa neboka reMakoni dzakaita sekuchera makomba mvura yakawanda yekudiridzira, kurima miriwo, mbeu yemiti, howa, ekuchengetera mupfudze nemvura dziri kusimbisa nekubatsira varimi kupfuya hove, nyuchi, huku pamwe nemiti yakasiyana siyana. mukutarisana nekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze. Panguva imwe chete yo, mikana yakasiyana siyana inounza mari inosanganisira kuchengeta Varimi vanopfuura mazana mana nemakumi mashanu vakagamuchira nyuchi, hove nekurima howa yabvisa varimi pakumira nenzira imwe zivo mukurima vasingashandise mafetiraiza nemishonga uye chete yemari sezvazvaive nefodya.

11 SHANDUKO MUKUPANA MIKANA YAKAENZANA KWEVANHUKADZI NEVANHURUME Vanhukadzi vakaita basa rinokosha zvikuru mukutanga kweboka nemukusimuka kwaro uyezve vari kuramba vachibata mabasa anokosha muzvikamu zvakasiyana siyana. Kurima vasingashandise mafetiraiza nemishongachaiva chiitiko chitsva mudunhu iri, naizvozvo pamavambo varimi vaisava nechokwadi nazvo. Panhau yekukurudzira shanduko munharaunda, madzimai vakave pamberi mukukurudzira zvirongwa zvemupfudze. Mubhuku mazhinji emunharaunda ari muchirongwa ichi, madzimai ndiwo ane huwandu hwunopfuura hwevanhurume. Vanhukadzi vari pahuwandu hunosvika mazana maviri ane makumi mana nemasere muboka rine varimi mazana mana nemakumi mashanu. Pachikamu chevarimi veboka vawana zvitambi zveoganiki zvepasi rose, zvikamu makumi matanhatu ave matanhatu kubva muzana vanhukadzi. Madzimai arikubata zvigaro zvinokosha muhurongwa nehutungamiriri hweboka. Parizvino, mubati wechigaro cheboka mudzimai uyezve mumakomiti akasiyana siyana ehurongwa hweboka ane humiriri hwakasangana madzimai nevanhurume.

SHANDUKO MUKUKURUDZIRA KUUMBWA KWEMITEMO MOFA iri kushanda mukukurudzira kuumbwa kwemitemo inounza “Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze nderimwe pundutso kunhengo dzeboka, nharaunda nezviwanikwa nevavaviro yekusvika pakuva nemitemo inokurudzira kukura muchikamu rematambudziko makuru munguva ino. chezvekurima vasingashandise mafetiraiza nemishonga. Pamusoro Kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kunowedzera pekukurudzira kusiya kushandisa mishonga inokanganisa nhararunda, boka riri kushanda mukukurudzira mitemo nemamiriro ezvinhu kushomeka kwemvura, kuitika kwemafashamo anosimudzira kurima uku munyika yese yeZimbabwe. pamwe nemamiriro ekunze anopfuura mwero Pakatanga boka, kambani yakavambwa kuFrance munguva munyika dzakawanda pasi rose. Munguva dzekuma1990 inonzi Ecocert pamwe ne kambani inonzi International yechando/yechirimo mumakore makumi matatu Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements ndidzo dzaizivikanwa nevarimi mukupa tsamba dzekurima nemupfudze. Pakati pezvimhinga apfuura, zvipfuyo zvaifamba makiromita ari mupinyi zvakasiyana siyana zvakatarisana nevarimi muZimbabwe, pasi pemaviri kunowana mvura asi pari zvino, kushanda kubudikidza nemakambani maviri aya kwaidhura zvikuru uye imwe yemwero yavanodzika aienderane nenyika ino. Naizvozvo, pakudikanwa kufamba makiromita gumi kuti boka rakashanda kubudikidza neveOrganic Network Forum pamwe zvipfuyo zviwane mvura mumwaka wakare. neZimbabwe Organic Promoters Association mukupesvedzera kugadzirwa kwemwero yekurima kweoganiki inoenderana Kana pakashaikwa zvinoitwa nezvedambudziko neZimbabwe (Zimbabwe Organic Standards). Mushure memakore iri, pachave neshanduko inorwadza zvikuru mana ekuongorora nehurukuro, nerubatsiro rweZOPPA, nyika yava nemwero yekurima nemupfudze yakabvumwa pachinhanho chenyika kunharaunda ino.” mugore ra2012 neveStandards Association of Zimbabwe (SAZ) uyeyo pasi rose muna 2014 neIFOAM. Baba C. Makuwaza,

Nhengo dzeboka reMOFAdzakava pakati pevakatanga kushandisa nhengo yeMakoni Organic Farmers Association mudhindo weZimbabwe Organic Standards mukutengesa zvirimwa zvavo uyezve vakava pakati pevarimi vekutanga munyika kukosha kwechikamu chekurima neoganikimukuwanikwa kugamuchira chitambi chepasi rose chekurima vasingashandise kwezvokudya nekudzikisira urombo pamwe nemukuchenjerera mafetiraiza nemishonga. Zvisineyi nekuva nechitambi, boka reMakoni kuchinja kuri kuita mamiriro ekunze. Sangano reAfrican Union rakaisa rakadzika mitemo yavo inoona marimirwo pamwe chete nenzira dziri pasi kurudziro yemhepo yeshanduko yakaita se2011 African Ecological kushandiswa nevarimi. Pamusoro pezvo, boka rakadzika mitemo Organic Agriculture Initiative pamusangano weIFOAM-African Union inochengetedza miti kubva mukutemwa nekuparadzwa kwemasango. Conference wakaitirwa muNairobi. Zimbabwe yakaisawo runyoro pachibvumirano ichi. Pamusoro pezvo, musangano weAfrican Organic Mumakore mashoma apfuura makava nekurudziro yakawanda Conference wakaitirwa muLusaka muna Chivabvu chegore ra2012, mukusimudzira chikamu chezvokurima neoganiki muAfrica yose. wakapa mukana wakakosha wekukurukura pamwe chete nekunzwawo Mugore ra2011, African Union yakatsanangura zviri pamutemo zviri kuitwa nevamwe munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana.

12 Pundutso inoenderera mberi uye hurongwa hwekuti mabasa aya aitwe zvakare kune dzimwe nzvimbo

HURONGWA HWEPUNDUTSO pamwe nemitambo ine chinangwa dzekugovera ruzivo pamusoro peboka pamwe nezvinobatika zvarakwanisa kuita. Zvirongwa Boka raisa pasi urongwa hunoratidza kuenderera mberi kwezvirongwa zvinoratidza pamwe nekupakurirana nevamwe mabasa eMakoni, zvaro. Chimwe chezvakanyanyokosha, kugona kweboka kuongorora zvasimudzira zvirongwa zveboka mudunhu rose. Mabasa eboka pachezvavo, minda yenhengo dzaro kuti vanyatsoona kuti vari kuita akatanga ari mumabhuku matanhatu bedzi asi parizvino zvirongwa zvinodikanwa nemwero yakatarwa pakurima nemupfudze. Varimi zveboka zvazadza wadhi yese yeTandi; zvapinda mumabhuku makumi muboka rose vakadziidziswa zvehutungamiriri zvinoita kuti boka maviri nemaviri. rikwanise kuzvimiririra mukutungamirira chirongwa chezvitambi zvekurima nemupfudze. Nhengo dzeboka reMOFA dzinokwanisa Kubudikidza neminda yekudziidzisa nekuratidza marimiro, boka kudzoredzana pakati pavo pamwe nekudziidzisa nhengo itsva ramira pachinzvimbo chekufambisa kuchinjana kwezivo pakati mukubata mwero yakatarwa. pavarimi vakasiyana siyana uyewo nekugamuchira varimi vekudzimwe nzvimbo vanotsvaga kudzidza nekuona maitirwo ezvekurima Boka riri kukura munyaya dzemari zvinoenderera mberi sezvo kuwana nemupfudze. Masangano emapoka enharaunda neevarimi pamwe tsamba/chitambi chekurima nemupfudze chepasi rose kuchireva nevakagamuchira mari kubva kuGEF Small Grants Programme kuti varimi vanokwanisa kutengesera mumisika mitsva vachiwedzera munharaunda dzose dzemunyika vanotora nguva yekumboshanya nzira dzinounza mari. Kukura mune zvehupfumi zvinoita kuti varimi kunzvimbo dzehurongwa hwakadai mukutsvaga kudzidza varambe vachirima nemupfudze zvinova zvinoita kuti boka rirambe vachizvionera basa reboka reMakoni nehurongwa hwaro. Mapoka richienderera mberi muzvirongwa zvaro, kuwedzera nhengo pamwe mazhinji emasangano evarimi vanoshanya kuminda yeboka reMakoni nekupinda mune mamwe matunhu yekudziidzisa nekuratidza marimiro vatora maitirwo ezvinhu neboka reMakoni vachinoitawo munzvimbo dzavo. Izvi zvaitwa nevazhinji vanosanganisira vekumaguta eSvosve kunharaunda yeMarondera HURONGWA HWEKURUDZIRO YEKURIMA PAS- pamwe nevekwaJuru muGoromonzi. INGASHANDISWE MAFETIRAIZA NEMISHONGA KUNE MAMWE MATUNHU KUSHANDIDZANA NEMAMWE MAPOKA MOFA inoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana siyana mukupakurirana nevamwe Kushanda pamwe chete nemamwe mapoka kwakaita kuti boka marimiro anopa pundutso pamwe nekupawo vamwe zvidzidzo ribudirire. Masangano akazvimirira akaita seOrganic Network zvayawana kubva muzvirongwa zvayo. Nzira dzinonyanyofarirwa Forum neFambidzanai akaita basa rakakosha mukupa dzidziso kushandiswa neboka mukugovera mabasa aro dzinosanganisira nerubatsiro rwemazano mukurima vasingashandise mafetiraiza makwikwi nemakundano akasiyana siyana evarimi ekuratidzira nemishonga, Zimbabwe Organic Producers and Promoters Association zvirimwa. Pazviitiko izvi boka rinopakurirana nevamwe mavhidhiyo yakadzidzisawo varimi zvakatarwa pakurima kweoganiki nezvitambi nezvinyorwa zvemhando yakasiyana siyana zvinoratidza zviitiko zvekurima , ikaongorora zvakare kuteedza kwevarimi mwero iyi hweurongwa neshanduko yazvaunza. Boka reMakoni rawedzera nekuvabatsira mukutengesa zvirimwa zvavo. Sangano reAquaculture wo nedzimwe nzira dzisinganyanyoshandiswa asi dzichishanda Zimbabwe Trust rakadziidzisa varimi kuchengeta hove seimwe nzira zvakasimba mukupakura zivo dzakaita semapoka ekuimba nziyo yekuwana nayo mari. MOFAinoshandawo pamwechete nemapazi ehurumende akasiyana siyana anosanganisira reAgritex, reVeterinary

13 Service, reEnvironmental Health Technicians nereForestry Commission. • Zimbabwe Organic Producers and Promoters Association Mapazi akasiyana siyana ehurumende aya anoshanda mukupa varimi (ZOPPA): inhengo yeInternational Federation for Organic mazano mukurima nemukupfuya nemupfudze. Boka riri kushanda Agriculture Movement. ZOPPA yakabatsira mukudzidzisa varimi zvakare nehurumende dzemumatunhu kusanganisira Makoni Rural pamusoro pemwero nekuwana zvitambi zvekurima nemupfudze. District Council iyo yatendera boka kushanda zvakasununguka pamwe ZOPPA yakashandawo zvakare mukuongorora kuteedzwa nekupa nzvimbo yekuisa minda nemapindu, madhamu ehove pamwe kwemwero yekurima nemupfudze nevarimi pamwe chete nemuzinda wemusika. nekubatsira varimi mukutengesa zvirima zvavo.

Rudonhongodzwa rwevanoshanda neboka • Fambidzanai: sangano rakazvimirira roga iri rakadzidzisa varimi kuchengeta nyuchi. • Global Environment Facility Small Grants Programme (GEF SGP): MOFA yakapuwa mari inosvika zviuru makumi mashanu (US$50 • Aquaculture Zimbabwe Trust: Sangano reAquaculture Zimbabwe 000) yokushandisa muzviitiko zvakasiyana siyana zvinosanganisira Trust rakapa varimi zivo pamusoro pekuchengeta hove. kudziidza nezvekurima nemupfudze, kudziidzisa vanozoongorora • Hurumende yeZimbabwe: boka rinoshanda nemapazi zvakatarwa pakurima nemupfudze muboka, kumisa mapindu akasiyana siyana ehurumende kusanganisira vadhumeni manomwe ekuratidza nekudziidzira marimiro nemupfudze, vezvirimwa, vadhumenivezvipfuyo, vehutano hwenharaunda uye kugovera mbeu yekutangisa, kuvaka muzinda wekuchengetera nevemasango. Mapazi ehurumende akapa mazano nekufambisa zivo, kudziidza kuchengeta nyuchi nehove, kurima howa ruzivo munhau dzekupfuya mhuka nemukurima nemupfudze. pamwe nekurima mbeu yemiti. Boka rakabatsira mari yakabva kuSGP kubudikidza neshandisa zvinowanikwa munharaunda • Makoni Rural District Council: bazi rehurumende rekutongwa nekushandawo nesimba ravo. Mari yakaiswa neboka inosvika kwenharaunda yeMakoni rakapa mamiriro anopfuudza mberi zviuru makumi matatu anemazana manonwe anoraudzira mabasa eboka pamwe nekuwanisa boka nzvimbo yekuvaka nemadhora makumi matanhatu ekuAmerika (US$37 060). muzinda wekutengesera.

• Organic Network Forum: sangano iri rakavaka nekusimbisa • Yunivhesiti yeZimbabwe (University of Zimbabwe) – chikamu boka kuburikidza nekudziidzisa pamwe chete nekupa unyanzvi chezvekurima: Yunivhesiti yakashanda mukuita tsvakiridzo hwepamusoro mune zvekurima nemupfudze uye kuongorora yekuongorora shanduko yaunzwa nemishonga yemiti zvirongwa zveboka. inoshandiswa mukurwisa zvimbuyu zvemiriwo pamwe nedzimwe nzira dzechisikirwo dzinokwanisa kushandiswa mukupedza zvimbuyu. Vhasiti yakashanda zvakare mukunyora pasi zivo, nzira, uye kugamuchirika kwenzira dzekushandisa miti yemishonga.

14 “Sevarimi vemunharaunda, taona kunaka kukuru kwezvirongwa zvekurima neoganiki senzira yekuchengetedza zviwanikwa zvakasiyana siyana kuburikidza nemikana yakavhurwa nechirongwa chino. Kurima nemupfudze kunochengetedza nekuvandudza nharaunda nezviwanikwa kusanganisira kupfuma kwevhu. Izvi zvinobatsira kusimudzira goho pamunda mudiki zvinova zvinokoshera murimi wemumaruwa zvikuru.” Mai Zvavamwe, sachigaro, weMakoni Organic Farmers Association

15 MAGWARO AKASHANDISWA MUKUNYORWA HUNO

• GEF Small Grants Programme, ‘Introducing organic food production and reducing the use of chemical products in Zimbabwe’, 2015. Gwaro iri rinowanikwa pano. • Government of Zimbabwe & United Nations Country Team, ‘Country analysis report for Zimbabwe’, 2010. Gwaro iri rinowanikwa pano. • In On Africa, ‘The booming Zimbabwe tobacco sector and massive deforestation: Causes for concern’, 2013. Gwaro iri rinowanikwa pano. • NationMaster, ‘Zimbabwe labour statistics’, 2015. Padandemutande gwaro rinowanikwa pano.

Empowered lives. Resilient nations. Empowered lives. Empowered lives. Resilient nations. Resilient nations.

AHARAM TRADITIONAL KASISI AGRICULTURAL FARMER-TO-FARMER CROP PRODUCERS’ TRAINING CENTRE (KATC) PROGRAM (PCAC), SIUNA COMPANY Zambia Nicaragua India Equator Initiative Case Studies Equator Initiative Case Studies Equator Initiative Case Studies Local sustainable development solutions for people, nature, and resilient communities Local sustainable development solutions for people, nature, and resilient communities Local sustainable development solutions for people, nature, and resilient communities

Equator Initiative Sustainable Development Cluster United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) 304 East 45th Street, 6th Floor New York, NY 10017 Tel: +1 646 781-4023 www.equatorinitiative.org

UNDP inoshanda pamwe chete nevanhu vari pazvinhanho zvose munharaunda mukubatsira kuvaka nyika inokwanisa kumira kunyangwe mukupindana nematambudziko pamwe nekuchovhera zvinoenderera mberi kuvandudzwa kweupenyu hwakanaka kuvanhu vose. Tichishanda munyika nenzvimbo dzinopfuura zana nemakumi manomwe, tinopa muono wepasi rose pamwe nekupa nharaunda maonero anoenderana nenzvimbo mukubatsira kupa simba kuzvizvarwa pamwe nekuvaka nharaunda dzakapfuma dzisingashanduki nyore.

Equator Initiative inounza pamwe chete sangano reUnited Nations, hurumende dzakasiyana siyana, masangano akazvimiririra, vemab- hizimisi pamwe nemasangano enharaunda, mukucherechedza pamwe chete nekusimudzira nzira dzebudiriro dzinoenderera mberi munharaunda kuvanhu, zvisikwa nezviwanikwa pamwe nenharaunda dzakapfuma dzisingashanduki nyore.

Empowered lives. Resilient nations.