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Graduate Poster Abstracts Spotlight on Student Research and Outreach 2010 Graduate Student Abstracts Contents Oral Presentations .................................................................................................................................... 1 Outreach Posters ...................................................................................................................................... 5 Independent Research Posters ................................................................................................................. 6 Class Project Posters ............................................................................................................................... 41 Oral Presentations AN ECOLOGICAL TREATMENT SYSTEM FOR THE RE-USE OF BIO-DIGESTED FOOD WASTE Lin H and Diemont S Departments of Environmental Resources and Forest Engineering, SUNY ESF See this oral presentation in 110 Moon at: 12-12:20 pm Abstract: An Ecological Treatment System with vermifilters (VETS) was used to reuse bio-digested food waste. Bio-digested food waste had typically been treated with conventional aerated processes, but the capacity of ecological treatment systems to reuse food waste has never been studied. Experiments were conducted at three different inflow rates, with hydraulic retention time of 114.5d, 28.6d and 14.3d. Samples of influents and effluents from each treatment unit were tested for NH4-N, NO3-N, carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demands (CBOD5), and orthophosphate. During the entire study, all variables were significantly reduced except for NO3-N, which displayed large increase in the system. With the increase of inflow rate, NH4-N, NO3-N and orthophosphate concentration in effluent was also increased, but suspended solids and CBOD5 did not vary among different inflow strengths. Design graphs were developed to facilitate the future design process of ecological treatment systems. Vermifiltration was used as the first unit in the system, which showed high efficiency in NH4-N and CBOD5 reduction. Algae growing experiments were conducted, and VETS effluent showed significant support for Chlorella spp. culturing. Quick measureable variables such as oxidization-reduction potential (ORP) and pH were tested and compared to water quality variables, and ORP was recommended as a sensitive indicator for system treatment capacity. Page 1 of 43 A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF SUSPENDED SOLIDS DEPOSITION IN ONONDAGA LAKE, NY: 1980-2008 Hurteau CA1,2, Matthews DA1, and Effler SW1 1Upstate Freshwater Institute, Syracuse, New York, 2Graduate Program in Environmental Science, SUNY ESF See this oral presentation in 110 Moon at: 12:20 – 12:40 pm Abstract: Long-term temporal patterns in the deposition of total (TSS), fixed (FSS), and volatile suspended solids (VSS) are documented for eutrophic Ca2+-rich Onondaga Lake, NY from 1980–2008 . Weekly collections were made from sediment traps deployed below the thermocline from mid-May to mid-September in the deepest area of the lake (~20 m). Downward fluxes of TSS (DFTSS), FSS (DFFSS), and VSS (DFVSS) decreased 42%, 38%, and 41%, respectively, following closure of a soda ash facility in 1986 that discharged ionic waste to the lake. Following a long period of relatively stable dry weight deposition, marked decreases were observed in recent years. DFTSS, DFFSS, and DFVSS decreased 47%, 52%, and 13%, respectively, from 2007–2008 . Sediment accumulation rates derived from dry weight deposition were estimated to decrease from 0.8 cm/yr in the pre-closure interval to 0.4 cm/yr in the post closure interval to 0.2 cm/yr in 2008. DFFSS accounted for 80% to 85% of DFTSS, and deposition of CaCO3 accounted for 75% to 80% of DFFSS. Observed trends in CaCO3 deposition remained consistent in 2007 and 2008, despite a shift in magnitude between the two years. Although a definitive cause for the observed decrease in deposition in 2008 has not been identified, likely drivers include variations in temperature, concentration of Ca2+, primary production (pH), and the availability of nucleation sites. Because in-lake processes accounted for 85% of DFTSS, changes in primary production and lake chemistry could have significant effects on the burial of contaminants and microbial metabolism in the sediments. MEASURING CONSERVATION SUCCESS: RESULTS OF A 26-YEAR-LONG STUDY ON BOG TURTLES (GLYPTEMYS MUHLENBERGII) IN MASSACHUSETTS Sirois AM1, Gibbs JP1, and Whitlock AL2 1Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, SUNY ESF, 2U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Hadley, MA See this oral presentation in 110 Moon at: 12:40-1 pm Abstract: Significant resources are being invested into habitat restoration for the federally threatened bog turtle (Glyptemys muhlenbergii) throughout its range. This study evaluated changes in habitat use and demography in two bog turtle populations in western Massachusetts: one subject to habitat management for bog turtles (prescribed fires, invasive plant control and woody vegetation removal) and one not (subject to wildfire, flooding, and non-native plant invasion). Habitat use data at each site collected from radio-tagged turtles during 2008 and 2009 was compared to data gathered in 1995 to 1997 in terms of home range, greatest distance to hibernaculum, preferred habitat, and use of key habitat features. Mark-recapture data collected over 18 survey years (between 1984 and 2009) permitted measurement of survival rates, population size, densities, sex ratios, growth rates and condition indices. Model selection shows that site and habitat change are important predictors for probability of survival. Adult population has significantly declined at the unmanaged site. Growth rates and condition indices appear to be greater after habitat alterations at both sites. Linking habitat and demographic data to habitat treatments via a long-term study permits understanding how active habitat Page 2 of 43 management or lack of management can affect survival prospects for endangered bog turtle populations. BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IMPLEMENTATION IN THE NEW YORK CITY WATERSHED: A FORMATIVE EVALUATION VanBrakle JD and Germain, RH Department of Forest and Natural Resources Management, SUNY ESF See this oral presentation in 110 Moon at: 1-1:20 pm Abstract: New York City’s water supply system supplies over 1.3 billion gallons of water to over 9 million people daily while operating under an Environmental Protection Agency filtration avoidance waiver. Ninety percent of this water comes from the Catskill/Delaware Watersheds, largely owned by private landowners holding small acreages. The Watershed Agricultural Council (WAC) assists these landowners in maintaining forest and water quality through forest management plans, cost sharing incentives, and promoting Best Management Practices (BMPs) through educational events. To evaluate the forest management planning program’s efficacy in promoting BMP implementation, field surveys of recently harvested properties, both with and without management plans, were conducted in the summer of 2009 within the Catskill/Delaware Watersheds in Delaware County, NY. Forty-nine properties were evaluated, 27 with management plans and 22 without plans. Properties were evaluated for BMP implementation by comparing post-harvest conditions to New York State BMP guidelines. A longitudinal component of the study compared BMP implementation in 2009 against a similar study from 2002. Properties with plans had significantly higher BMP scores compared to properties without plans. The differences were statistically significant for skid trails and water diversion devices, but not for landings. Overall BMP scores were higher in 2009 compared to 2002, again with significance for skid trails and water diversion devices. The results indicate that BMP outreach efforts by WAC and their partners have paid dividends on the ground. Nevertheless, wide ranging scores suggest that more work could be done to encourage BMP implementation on a broader scale. WILDERNESS PERCEPTION MAPPING IN THE ADIRONDACK PARK, NY Larkin A and Beier C Departments of Environmental and Forest Biology and Forest and Natural Resource Management, SUNY ESF See this oral presentation in 110 Moon at: 1:20-1:40 pm Abstract: The 1987 Adirondack Park State Land Master Plan provides a legislative definition of “wilderness,” yet the concept of wilderness is further defined by each individual’s perception. Wilderness Perception Mapping (WPM) is a technique that elicits wilderness perceptions through a questionnaire survey, generates a statistical profile of respondents, and represents the perceptions of respondents spatially in a geographic information system (GIS). This technique was previously applied in the Region of Nelson, New Zealand and the San Juan National Forest, Colorado; both nationally protected and managed areas. The Adirondack Park represents a novel environment for the application of WPM within 6 million acres of mixed public and private lands that serve a variety of stakeholders. This research uses survey data to characterize stakeholder respondents into four classes along the Page 3 of 43 wilderness purism scale. These four classes can be implemented in a GIS, generating maps of wilderness perceptions based on excluding undesirable features from a class’s perceived wilderness area. Surveys were collected from stakeholders (residents, seasonal residents, visitors) at four sites within the park (Old Forge, Lake Placid, Lake George, Newcomb) using waiting and roaming methods at recreational sites and town centers. Results from statistical
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