27452 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE, Vol. 153, Pt. 20 October 17, 2007 anyway. And to solve this crisis, we can de- Prior to her arrest, she sold all her be- Drs. Capecchi, Evans, and Smithies velop a shared sense of moral purpose. longings and gave the proceeds to a have dedicated their lives and work to Does that depict what a great man he peasant family to provide housing for bettering mankind. Dr. Capecchi has is? Al Gore looks at this optimisti- her son. However, 1 year later, the been a key advisor to me for many cally, saying these are things we funds were exhausted and, at the age of years and has been a great help to me should have been doing, but we are not 4, Dr. Capecchi was left to fend for him- and this nation with his medical and doing it, so let’s work together to fight self on the streets of northern Italy. scientific work and knowledge. I have the scourge facing our world. After 4 years of living in orphanages the highest praise, not only for his On behalf of our former colleague and and moving from town to town with work and intellect, but for his dedica- my friend, Vice President Al Gore, I different groups of homeless children, tion and perseverance. am so pleased to support this resolu- he was located by his mother who, I am joined by Senators BENNETT, tion. More important than passing this upon her release from Dachau, had en- DOLE, and BURR in introducing S. Res. resolution, which has happened, I hope gaged in a year-long search to find her 350 recognizing the work and achieve- all my colleagues will honor his cause son. She found him in a hospital bed in ments of these new Nobel Laureates and moral purpose to continue the the town of Reggio Emilia, sick with a and congratulating them for the honor fight to reverse the threat of global fever and suffering from malnutrition. they have received and I want each of warming and leave an Earth to our In 1946, his uncle, Edward Ramberg, a them to know how proud I am of them children and grandchildren that is safe, prominent American physicist, ar- and their great accomplishments. I clean, and livable. ranged for Dr. Cappecchi and his moth- also want the entire country to know, that this is just the beginning. The f er to come to the United States. At that time, he and his mother relocated work of Drs. Capecchi, Evans, and HONORING NOBEL PEACE PRIZE from Italy to a Quaker commune in Smithies has continued to lay the WINNERS IN PHYSIOLOGY OR Pennsylvania, where he would begin groundwork and establish a strong MEDICINE his education, graduating from a Quak- foundation we will need to continue de- Mr. REID. Mr. President, I ask unan- er boarding school in 1956. veloping stem cell research and some- imous consent that the Senate proceed Dr. Capecchi received bachelor’s de- day, sooner rather than later, find to the consideration of S. Res. 350. grees in both chemistry and physics therapies that will heal some of the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The from Antioch College in Ohio in 1961. greatest afflictions suffered by millions clerk will report. He then went on to earn his Ph.D. in around the world. This is the great The assistant legislative clerk read biophysics from Harvard University in promise of the work of these great men as follows: 1967. In 1969, he became an assistant and I am proud to honor them. Mr. REID. Mr. President, I ask unan- A resolution (S. Res. 350) honoring the professor in the Department of Bio- achievements of Mario R. Capecchi, Sir Mar- chemistry at the Harvard School of imous consent that the resolution be tin J. Evans, and Oliver Smithies of the 2007 Medicine, and was promoted to asso- agreed to, the preamble be agreed to, Nobel Peace Prize in Physiology or Medi- ciate professor in 1971. Two years later, the motions to reconsider be laid upon cine. he joined the faculty at the University the table, and that any statements re- There being no objection, the Senate of Utah, where he began the work that lating thereto be printed in the proceeded to consider the resolution. would eventually earn him a Nobel RECORD. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, it is fit- Prize. ting that the Senate has passed S. Res. Dr. Capecchi, along with Drs. Evans objection, it is so ordered. The resolution (S. Res. 350) was 350 which honors the scientific work and Smithies, received the Nobel Prize and accomplishments of Mario R. agreed to. for their discoveries of methods for in- The preamble was agreed to. Capecchi, who, along with Sir Martin troducing specific gene modifications The resolution, with its preamble, J. Evans and Oliver Smithies, received in mice by the use of embryonic stem reads as follows: the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medi- cells. In the late 1980s, after years of S. RES. 350 cine for their contributions to the de- research and experimentation on velopment of gene targeting tech- Whereas Mario R. Capecchi was born in mouse-derived stem cells, these doctors Italy in 1937 and earned a PhD in biophysics nology. were able to develop the first knockout from Harvard University in 1967; What an honor to see these great mice, genetically engineered mice that Whereas Sir Martin J. Evans was born in men receive this distinguished award. have had one or more of their genes Great Britain in 1941 and earned a PhD in As with previous Nobel winners, one isolated and made inoperable. Knock- anatomy and embryology from University of this year’s recipients has waded out mice have allowed scientists to College in London in 1969; through much difficulty in his life to learn more about genes that have been Whereas Oliver Smithies was born in Great go on and accomplish such an amazing sequenced but have unknown func- Britain in 1925 and earned a PhD in bio- feat—Dr. Mario Capecchi. I would like chemistry from Oxford University in 1951; tions. Through the techniques devel- Whereas Mario Capecchi currently serves to take a moment to review for my col- oped by these three doctors, research- as Distinguished Professor of Human Genet- leagues some of Dr. Capecchi’s back- ers are able to inactivate specific ics and Biology at the University of Utah ground and successes. mouse genes and study the mice for School of Medicine; Dr. Mario Capecchi, who has worked any resulting differences. From this Whereas Sir Martin J. Evans currently at the University of Utah School of process, they are able to infer the prob- serves as the Professor of Mammalian Genet- Medicine for nearly 35 years, has, able functions of the individual genes. ics and Director of the School of Biosciences through both his life and work, dem- This gene targeting technology has at Cardiff University in Wales; onstrated that hard work and deter- led to a vast expansion of our under- Whereas Oliver Smithies currently serves as an Excellence Professor of Pathology and mination can and will lead to good re- standing of genetics. Indeed, it has im- Laboratory Medicine at the University of sults, even in the face of overwhelming pacted virtually every area of biomedi- North Carolina at Chapel Hill; adversity. cine. The successful isolation of genes Whereas Mario R. Capecchi, Sir Martin J. Mario was born in Verona, Italy, in has allowed researchers to determine Evans, and Oliver Smithies have made a se- 1937. His father was an Italian soldier their roles in embryonic development, ries of discoveries concerning embryonic who, soon after Dr. Capecchi’s birth, adult physiology, aging and disease. In stem cells and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was reported missing in action while addition, the use of knockout mice has recombination in mammals that have led to manning an anti-aircraft gun in Libya. led to the production of more than 500 the creation of gene targeting in mice, a powerful technology that is now being used At the age of 3, his American mother different mouse models of human dis- in all areas of biomedicine; was sent to the Dachau concentration orders, including cardiovascular dis- Whereas gene targeting technology has camp as punishment for her associa- ease, neuron-degenerative disorders, been used in experiments that have success- tion with an anti-Fascist organization. cancer and diabetes. fully isolated genes in order to determine

VerDate Mar 15 2010 12:33 Aug 20, 2010 Jkt 059102 PO 00000 Frm 00084 Fmt 0685 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR07\S17OC7.003 S17OC7 erowe on DSK5CLS3C1PROD with BOUND RECORD October 17, 2007 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE, Vol. 153, Pt. 20 27453 their roles in embryonic development, adult A bill (S. 2185) to permanently extend the cludes the text of 25 bills and 1 resolu- physiology, aging, and disease; current marginal tax rates. tion which have been passed by the Whereas gene targeting has produced more A bill (H.R. 2102) to maintain the free flow House of Representatives and which of information to the public by providing than 500 different mouse models of human were reported, or their Senate com- disorders, including cardiovascular and neu- conditions for the federally compelled disclo- ron degenerative diseases, diabetes, and can- sure of information by certain persons con- panion measure was reported, without cer; nected with the news media. substantive amendment by the com- Whereas, on October 8, 2007, Mario R. A bill (H.R. 3678) to amend the Internet mittee. If considered as individual Capecchi, Sir Martin J. Evans, and Oliver Tax Freedom Act to extend the moratorium bills, upon passage in the Senate, these Smithies were awarded the Nobel Prize in on certain taxes relating to the Internet and bills would have been cleared for the Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries to electronic commerce. President. Since they will now be in- of principles for introducing specific gene Mr. REID. Mr. President, I now ask cluded as part of this comprehensive modifications in mice by the use of embry- for their second reading en bloc, but I onic stem cells: Now, therefore, be it bill, it will require additional action by Resolved, That the Senate— object to my own request en bloc. the House of Representatives, but I am (1) honors and recognizes the scientific The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- hopeful that because all of the meas- work and achievements of Mario R. tion is heard. The bills will be read for ures included in this bill were pre- Capecchi, Sir Martin J. Evans, and Oliver the second time on the next legislative viously approved by the other body Smithies; and day. that they will be able to approve this (2) congratulates Mario R. Capecchi, Sir S. 2179 AND S. 2180 bill expeditiously. Martin J. Evans, and Oliver Smithies for their receipt of the Nobel Prize in Physi- Mr. BINGAMAN. Mr. President, the The second bill, the Natural Resource ology or Medicine. Committee on Energy and Natural Re- Projects and Programs Authorization f sources has reported over 70 individual Act of 2007, includes the text of 44 bills bills and resolutions this Congress. which originated in the Senate, or MEASURES READ THE FIRST Most of these bills are authorizations TIME—S. 2179, S. 2180, S. 2184, S. which passed the House of Representa- for specific projects and activities in tives and were substantively amended 2185, H.R. 2102, AND H.R. 3678 EN the Department of the Interior, al- BLOC in committee. Like the previous bill, though we have also reported several all of the individual bills were reported Mr. REID. Mr. President, I under- measures involving National Forest unanimously by the Energy and Nat- stand there are six bills at the desk. I lands under the jurisdiction of the De- ural Resources Committee. While the ask for their first reading en bloc. partment of Agriculture, as well as a House of Representatives has not pre- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without few authorizations related to the De- viously acted on all of the individual objection, the clerk will report the partment of Energy. components of this new bill, I believe bills by title for the first time. Typically these bills would be consid- these bills are non-controversial, and I The assistant legislative clerk read ered in the Senate under a unanimous as follows: hope that the House will be able to consent procedure. Unfortunately, al- consider this bill in a timely manner as A bill (S. 2179) to authorize certain pro- though all of these bills are non- well. grams and activities in the Forest Service, controversial and all were reported the Department of the Interior, and the De- Mr. President, I have prepared a partment of Energy, and for other purposes. unanimously by the Energy and Nat- ural Resources Committee, we have table identifying the individual meas- A bill (S. 2180) to authorize certain pro- ures that are included in both com- grams and activities in the Department of been unable to get consent to pass the Interior, the Forest Service, and the De- these bills. prehensive bills, including references partment of Energy, and to amend the Com- In an effort to facilitate passage of to the corresponding calendar numbers. pact of Free Association Amendments Act of these bills, today I am introducing 2 I ask unanimous consent to have print- 2003, and for other purposes. bills which contain the individual ed in the RECORD the table to which I A bill (S. 2184) to amend the Internal Rev- just referred. enue Code of 1986 to permanently allow pen- measures reported by the committee. alty-free withdrawals from retirement plans The first bill, the National Forests, There being no objection, the mate- for individuals called to active duty for at Parks, Public Land, and Reclamation rial was ordered to be printed in the least 179 days. Projects Authorization Act of 2007, in- RECORD, as follows: NATIONAL FORESTS, PARKS, PUBLIC LAND, AND RECLAMATION PROJECTS AUTHORIZATION ACT OF 2007

Forest Service Authorizations

Sec. 101 ...... Cal. 255 ...... H.R. 886 ...... Wild Sky wilderness Sec. 102 ...... Cal. 361 ...... H.R. 247 ...... Jim Weaver trail

Bureau of Land Management Authorizations

Sec. 201 ...... Cal. 251 ...... H.R. 276 ...... Piedras Blancas Historic Light Station

National Park Service Authorizations

Sec. 301 ...... Cal. 35 ...... S. 324 ...... NPS cooperative agreements (H.R. 658) Sec. 311 ...... Cal. 378 ...... H.R. 1100 ...... Carl Sandburg NHS boundary adjustment Sec. 321 ...... Cal. 232 ...... H.R. 376 ...... Newtonia Civil War battlefields study Sec. 322 ...... Cal. 236 ...... H.R. 1047 ...... Soldiers’ Memorial Military Museum study Sec. 323 ...... Cal. 362 ...... H.R. 407 ...... Columbia-Pacific heritage area study Sec. 331 ...... Cal. 233 ...... H.R. 497 ...... Francis Marion Commemorative Work Sec. 332 ...... Cal. 363 ...... H.R. 995 ...... Disabled veterans memorial authorization Sec. 333 ...... Cal. 234 ...... H.R. 512 ...... American Latino museum commission Sec. 334 ...... Cal. 377 ...... H.R. 1148 ...... Hudson-Fulton Champlain commissions (H.R. 1520) Sec. 335 ...... Cal. 230 ...... S. Con. Res. 6 ...... National Museum of Wildlife Art (H. Con. Res. 116) Sec. 341 ...... Cal. 285 ...... H.R. 1388 ...... Star-Spangled Banner National Historic Trail Sec. 342 ...... H.R. 761 ...... Lewis & Clark NHT visitor center conveyance Sec. 343 ...... H.R. 986 ...... Eightmile River Wild & Scenic River designation

Bureau of Reclamation and U.S. Geological Survey Authorizations

Sec. 401 ...... Cal. 143 ...... H.R. 1114 ...... Alaska water resources study

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