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Erika Girdauskaitė ŢMONIŲ REAKCIJA Į ROBOTUS

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Erika Girdauskaitė ŢMONIŲ REAKCIJA Į ROBOTUS VYTAUTO DIDŢIOJO UNIVERSITETAS INFORMATIKOS FAKULTETAS TAIKOMOSIOS INFORMATIKOS KATEDRA Erika Girdauskaitė ŢMONIŲ REAKCIJA Į ROBOTUS NAUDOJANT BIO-SIGNALUS IR APKLAUSAS Magistro baigiamasis darbas Taikomosios informatikos studijų programa, valstybinis kodas 621I13003 Informatikos studijų kryptis Vadovas Prof. Tomas Krilavičius _________ __________ (Moksl. laipsnis, vardas, pavardė) (Parašas) (Data) Apginta Doc. Dr. Daiva Vitkutė-Adţgauskienė _________ __________ (Fakulteto dekanas) (Parašas) (Data) Kaunas, 2015 TURINYS SANTRUMPŲ IR TERMINŲ ŢODYNAS .............................................................................................. 3 SANTRAUKA .......................................................................................................................................... 4 ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................................................. 5 1. ĮVADAS............................................................................................................................................ 6 2. ROBOTŲ ANALIZĖS TEORINIAI ASPEKTAI ............................................................................ 8 2.1. Robotų evoliucija ir ateities perspektyvos.................................................................................. 8 2.2. Roboto paţinimo literatūros analizė ........................................................................................... 9 2.3. Robotų sąveikos su ţmonėmis tyrimai ..................................................................................... 10 2.4. Robotų išvaizdos tipai .............................................................................................................. 13 2.5. Robotų klasifikavimas .............................................................................................................. 13 2.6. Robotų tyrimų analizės išvados ................................................................................................ 19 3. EKSPERIMENTAI ......................................................................................................................... 20 3.1. Hipotezės .................................................................................................................................. 20 3.2. Klausimynai ir apklausos ......................................................................................................... 20 3.3. Anketos sudarymo tipai ............................................................................................................ 22 3.4. Klausimynų patikimumo vertinimas ........................................................................................ 22 3.5. Pirminės ir pakartotinės apklausos rezultatai ........................................................................... 24 3.6. Emotiv EPOC ........................................................................................................................... 34 3.7. Eksperimento rezultatų analizė ................................................................................................ 36 4. APKLAUSŲ IR EKSPERIMENTO PALYGINIMAS .................................................................. 42 5. PAGRINDINIAI REZULTATAI IR IŠVADOS ............................................................................ 44 5.1. Rezultatai .................................................................................................................................. 44 5.2. Išvados ...................................................................................................................................... 44 5.3. Rekomendacijos ....................................................................................................................... 45 6. LITERATŪROS SĄRAŠAS .......................................................................................................... 46 7. PRIEDAI ......................................................................................................................................... 48 7.1. Anketa ...................................................................................................................................... 48 7.2. Pakartotinė anketa .................................................................................................................... 52 7.3. Stimulų rinkinio nustatymai ..................................................................................................... 56 7.4. Eksperimento išeities duomenų failas ...................................................................................... 57 7.5. Eksperimento apklausos lentelės .............................................................................................. 58 7.6. Tiriamasis darbas NR.1 SANTRAUKA ................................................................................. 59 7.7. Tiriamasis darbas NR.2 SANTRAUKA ................................................................................. 60 7.8. Tiriamasis darbas NR.3 SANTRAUKA ................................................................................. 61 2 SANTRUMPŲ IR TERMINŲ ŢODYNAS CT Paţinimo technologijos (angl. Cognitive Technology) HCI Ţmogaus-kompiuterio sąveika (angl. Human Computer Interaction) iSAC Informacinės sistemos patariamasis komitetas (angl. Information Systems Advisory Committee) BCI Smegenų-kompiuterio sąsaja (angl. Brain-computer interface) EEG Elektroencefalografija (angl. Electroencephalography) HRI Ţmogaus ir roboto sąveika (angl. Human and robot interaction) CRI Kompiuterio ir roboto sąveika (angl. Computer and robot interaction) fMRI Funkcinio magnetinio rezonanso tomografija (angl. Functional magnetic resonance imaging) POMS Nuotaikos būsenų profilis (angl. Profile of Mood States) UTAUT Unifikuota technologijos priimtinumo ir naudojimosi teorija (angl. Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology) LongExc Ilgalaikis susijaudinimas (angl. Long Excitement) ShortExc Trumpalaikis susijaudinimas (angl. Short Excitement) Med Susikaupimas Frustr Nusivylimas Bored Nuobodulys Stimuli Dirgiklis 3 SANTRAUKA Autorius Erika Girdauskaitė Pavadinimas Ţmonių reakcija į robotus naudojant bio-signalus ir apklausas Vadovas Prof. Tomas Krilavičius Puslapių skaičius 46 Priedų skaičius 8 Kiekvieno roboto kūrėjo tikslas sukurti robotą, kuris pilnai tenkintų vartotoją. Tačiau parinkti tinkamą dizainą yra labai sudėtinga, nes robotų specifikacija yra skirtinga. Nors robotų pasiūla didėja, tačiau kai kurie iš jų turi itin prastą išvaizdą ir todėl nėra populiarūs. Problema, nagrinėjama šiame darbe, tinkamo robotų dizaino parinkimas. Magistrinio darbo tikslas – nustatyti kokios išvaizdos robotus reikia kurti ateityje, kad jie būtų malonūs vartotojui. Remiantis atlikta literatūros analize buvo parinkti tyrimams reikalingi robotai. Kiekybinių tyrimų – anketų pagalba išsiaiškinta tiksli vartotojų nuomonė apie robotus. Taip pat buvo atliktas eksperimentas su Emotiv EPOC aparatu, nuskaitančiu EEG signalus, siekiant nustatyti kurios emocijos sustiprėja stebint skirtingus robotus. Tyrimas parodė, kad geros išvaizdos ir išskirtinio funkcionalumo robotai respondentams sukelia daugiau teigiamų emocijų ir geresnių įvertinimų. 4 ABSTRACT Author Erika Girdauskaitė Title Human Reaction to Robots Using Bio-Signals and Surveys Supervisor Prof. Tomas Krilavičius Number of pages 46 Number of attachments 8 Each robot designer wants to create a robot which fully satisfies the user. But it is very complicated to choose the right design because every robot is different. Although some of them are not very popular because their appearance are horrific. The main problem which was analyzed in this work is how to choose the correct design of the robot. The main aim of this paper is after theoretical and practical analysis of robot appearance, to help robot developers to improve robot's design and to find out what type of robots need to create in the future that it won't be unpleasant for the user. The experimental part consists of theoretical robot usage aspects. There was identified which emotions are stronger by monitoring different robots, using surveys and experiment with Emotiv EPOC device. Various pictures of robots used as a stimulus. During the research it was shown that robots which have a good appearance and exclusive functionality cause positive emotions and better assessment to the respondents. 5 1. ĮVADAS Temos aktualumas. Šiame, nuolat besikeičiančiame naujų technologijų amţiuje, ţmonės vis daţniau bendrauja su robotais arba naudojasi jų teikiamomis paslaugomis, todėl vis daugiau robotų tampa neatsiejama mūsų visuomenės dalimi, pvz. pramoniniai, buitiniai, ţaisliniai ar humanoidiniai robotai. Didėjantis technologijų poreikis skatina didesnį kūrybinį procesą, kuriuo siekiama pagerinti ir padidinti robotų naudojimą. Juk kiekvienas robotų kūrėjas nori, kad jo sukurtu robotu naudotųsi kuo daugiau vartotojų, todėl jis turi prisitaikyti prie nuolat kintančios aplinkos. Kadangi vartotojai tampa išrankesni ir konkretesni, reikalaujantys tik konkrečius poreikius atitinkančių produktų, todėl tampa vis sunkiau išlaikyti jų dėmesį. Tokiu būdu būtina ieškoti ir kurti naujus produktus, kurie turi būti unikalūs, saviti ir glaudţiai susiję su vartotoju, bet kartu ir malonūs ţmogui. Norint pagerinti ţmonių nuomonę apie robotus ir mąstant apie tobulą robotą, kuris būtų reikalingas kiekvienam, reikia kuo daugiau suţinoti pagal kokius kriterijus ţmonės juos vertina. Šiam tikslui yra atliekami tyrimai, kad mokslininkai
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