DOCSLIB.ORG

Integrated Pest and Disease Management Manual for Persimmon

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Integrated Pest and Disease Management Manual for Persimmon Department of Agriculture and Fisheries INTEGRATED PEST AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT MANUAL FOR PERSIMMON Alan George, Bob Nissen, Grant Bignell, Don Hutton, Roger Broadley and David Bruun Second Edition – November 2017 Authors Alan George, Director, Asia Pacific Agricultural Consultants Pty Ltd Bob Nissen, Director, Ag-Hort International Pty Ltd Grant Bignell, Research Scientist, Department of Agriculutre and Fishereis Don Hutton Roger Broadley David Bruun, Field Operations Manager, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries We would also like to acknowledge the valuable contributions by Kent Andrews, Nic Hobbs, Geoff Patterson, Rod Dalton, Stephen Jeffers, Jeanette Wilson and many other persimmon growers. Hort Innovation and Department of Agriculture and Fisheries make no representations and expressly disclaim all warranties (to the extent permitted by law) about the accuracy, completeness, or currency of information in this Final Report. Users of this Final Report should take independent action to confirm any information in this Final Report before relying on that information in any way. Reliance on any information provided by Hort Innovation is entirely at your own risk. HIA Ltd is not responsible for, and will not be liable for, any loss, damage, claim, expense, cost (including legal costs) or other liability arising in any way (including from HIA Ltd or any other person’s negligence or otherwise) from your use or non‐use of the Final Report or from reliance on information contained in the Final Report or that HIA Ltd provides to you by any other means. This project has been funded by Horticulture Innovation Australia Limited using the Australian Persimmon industry levy and funds from the Australian Government. The Queensland Government co‐funded the research through the Department of Agriculture and Fisheries. This publication has been compiled by Department of Agriculture and Fisheries. © State of Queensland, 2017 The Queensland Government supports and encourages the dissemination and exchange of its information. The copyright in this publication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence. Under this licence you are free, without having to seek our permission, to use this publication in accordance with the licence terms. You must keep intact the copyright notice and attribute the State of Queensland as the source of the publication. Note: Some content in this publication may have different licence terms as indicated. For more information on this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. The Queensland Government shall not be liable for technical or other errors or omissions contained herein. The reader/user accepts all risks and responsibility for losses, damages, costs and other consequences resulting directly or indirectly from using this information. Integrated Pest and Disease Management TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER TOPIC PAGE NO. 1 IPDM – AN OVERVIEW 6 2 PRIORITY PESTS AND DISEASES 11 2.1 Review of pests and control methods in persimmon 12 2.2 Pests 13 2.3 Diseases 17 3 DISEASES 20 3.1 Angular Leaf Spot 21 3.2 Circular Leaf Spot 24 3.3 Pestalotiopsis Leaf Spot 26 3.4 Anthracnose 28 3.5 Twig Blight (Phomopsis?) 31 3.6 Grey Mould (Botrytis) 35 3.7 Sooty Mould 37 3.8 Post-harvest Rots 40 3.9 Crown Gall 43 3.10 Collar Rot (Bacterial Wilt) 46 3.11 Other Root diseases 49 4 PESTS 51 4.1 Mealybugs 52 4.2 Ants 67 4.3 Clearwing Moth 73 4.4 Black Scale 85 4.5 White Wax Scale 88 4.6 Pink Wax Scale 92 4.7 Nigra Scale 96 4.8 Green Coffee Scale 104 4.9 Long Soft Scale 108 4.10 Mussel Scale 111 4.11 Fruit Fly 114 4.12 Light Brown Apple Moth 128 4.13 Yellow Peach Moth 133 4.14 Fruit Spotting Bug 137 4.15 Thrips 153 4.16 Eriophyid Mites 158 4.17 Two Spotted Mites 161 4.18 Fruit Piercing Moth 166 4.19 Leafhoppers (Jassids) 169 4.20 Orange Fruit Borer 174 4.21 Weevils 175 4.22 Leaf Rollers 179 4.23 Cluster Caterpillar 181 4.24 Loopers 184 4.25 Leaf and Bark Eating Caterpillars 186 4.26 Aphids 189 4.27 Red Shouldered Leaf Beetles 192 4.28 Earwigs 194 4 Integrated Pest and Disease Management 5 MONITORING 197 6 ORCHARD MANAGEMENT STATEGIES 215 7 PEST AND DIS EASE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS 228 8 PESTICIDE APPLICATION METHODS 278 9 REFERENCES AND OTHER INFORMATION 295 5 Integrated Pest and Disease Management Chapter 1 IPDM – an overview 6 Integrated Pest and Disease Management 1.1 AUSTRALIAN PERSIMMON The Persimmon industry is established from the semi-tropical far north of Queensland to the cool temperate zones of Victoria, South Australia and Western Australia, with no single centre of production. Fruit from warmer regions mature four months earlier than southern States, giving the industry a harvest spread from February to July inclusive. The majority of the Australian industry is based on sweet (non-astringent) cultivars with the major varieties including ‘Jiro’, ‘Fuyu’ and ‘Izu’. Yield and fruit size vary within and between regions. There are approximately 250 growers producing 450 000 (4kg) trays. Currently the peak industry body, Persimmons Australia Inc. (PAI), has approximately 150 members and the Australian industry is estimated to be worth approximately $12 million (Persimmon Annual Investment Plan – 2010/2011). Significant new plantings are planned over the next 5 years. Improving fruit quality and increasing post-harvest storage life are critical to increasing market penetration for both domestic and export markets. The aim of this manual is to develop and present an integrated pest and disease package for Australian persimmon growers based on the current state of knowledge. The manual will require regular updating to remain relevant. 1.2 THE TRADITIONAL APPROACH TO PEST AND DISEASE CONTROL The traditional approach to insect and disease control was to spray crops at regular intervals whether or not pests or diseases were evident. This approach was costly and a waste of money if pests were absent. It did not take into account the fact that small numbers of pests can be tolerated without significant effect on yield and quality. In these cases, the cost of spraying is much greater than the benefit gained by controlling the pest and increased the risk of chemical damage to the fruit. The traditional approach had the following characteristics: • relied heavily on new chemicals being developed to replace those to which insects had developed resistance • killed beneficial insects, and sometimes resulted in outbreaks of pests that were well controlled naturally • exposed farm families and farm employees to a range of toxic chemicals • increased chemical residues in fruit and the wider environment. 1.3 THE MODERN APPROACH TO PEST AND DISEASE CONTROL - IPDM Throughout the world, there is growing trend towards producing and marketing safer, cleaner fruit with little or no chemical residues. Additionally, world food safety standards demand agricultural chemicals not exceed certain limits in fruit and vegetable products. Integrated pest and disease management (IPDM) covers many techniques of addressing pests and diseases while reducing the reliance on chemicals. It includes such techniques as introducing predatory insects to control pest insects and improvements in orchard hygiene to eliminate many of the current disease problems. 7 Integrated Pest and Disease Management Not all direct chemical sprays can be eliminated from the fruit production process, but safe use practices of required chemicals should ensure the health and safety of workers, as well as the satisfying the food safety requirements. The adoption of IPDM can result in production of high-quality fruit at less cost to the grower than the cost of chemical control programs. A recent economic survey in Queensland citrus showed that IPDM resulted in savings of up to 53% compared to the costs of chemical control. There are also potential marketing advantages for 'clean and green' persimmons produced with minimal pesticide use. Other advantages of IPM are: • the development of pest or disease resistance to chemical is delayed or avoided due to the less frequent use of chemicals • growers develop a thorough knowledge of pests and beneficials and diseases, and can use this to improve orchard management • long-term control of pests is improved through the increased abundance and diversity of natural enemies • as a result of reduced chemical use, safety is improved for people working in orchards • as a result of reduced chemical use, environmental contamination is reduced • chemical residues in or on fruit are minimised, enhancing consumer acceptance of the produce. 1.4 COMPONENTS OF IPM 1.4.1 Biological control Biological control is the use of natural enemies (parasites, predators or pathogens) of pests. (The natural enemies are also called 'beneficial organisms' or 'beneficials'). The aim of biological control is to establish and maintain populations of natural enemies which will keep pest populations below economically damaging levels. There are two main groups of beneficial insects: • Predators - attack and eat other insects. Either adult or larvae, or both may be predatory. • Parasites - lay eggs on or in other insects. The eggs hatch and the developing larvae consume the host, usually from the inside. Natural enemies may be mass-reared and released into orchards. Augmentative releases aim to ensure that the natural enemy is present in sufficient numbers in time to control the pest. Before mass-rearing and augmentative release programs are initiated, it is necessary to know the true value of the various beneficials in controlling the pests. 1.4.2 Cultural control Cultural practices should help to conserve existing natural enemies of pests. In persimmon, these practices include the management of other plants growing in the orchard, tree skirting, trunk banding and good orchard hygiene (see Chapter 8).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Solution for Universal Classification of Species Based on Genomic
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation International Journal of Plant Genomics Volume 2007, Article ID 27894, 8 pages doi:10.1155/2007/27894 Research Article A Solution for Universal Classification of Species Based on Genomic DNA Mariko Kouduka,1 Daisuke Sato,1 Manabu Komori,1 Motohiro Kikuchi,2 Kiyoshi Miyamoto,3 Akinori Kosaku,3 Mohammed Naimuddin,1, 4 Atsushi Matsuoka,5 and Koichi Nishigaki1, 6 1 Department of Functional Materials Science, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan 2 Chitose Salmon Aquarium Chitose, Youth Educational Foundation, Chitose, Hokkaido, Japan 3 Institute of Medical Science, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan 4 Biol. Res. and Functions, National Inst. AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 5 Department of Geology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan 6 Rational Evolutionary Design of Advanced Biomolecules, Saitama Small Enterprise Promotion Corporation, SKIP City, Saitama, Japan Received 22 July 2006; Revised 8 October 2006; Accepted 8 October 2006 Recommended by Cheng-Cang Wu Traditionally, organisms have been classified on the basis of their phenotype. Recently, genotype-based classification has become possible through the development of sequencing technology. However, it is still difficult to apply sequencing approaches to the analysis of a large number of species due to the cost and labor. In most biological fields, the analysis of complex systems compris- ing various species has become an important theme, demanding an effective method for handling a vast number of species. In this paper, we have demonstrated, using plants, fish, and insects, that genome profiling, a compact technology for genome analysis, can classify organisms universally. Surprisingly, in all three of the domains of organisms tested, the phylogenetic trees generated from the phenotype topologically matched completely those generated from the genotype.
    [Show full text]
  • Classical Biological Control of Arthropods in Australia
    Classical Biological Contents Control of Arthropods Arthropod index in Australia General index List of targets D.F. Waterhouse D.P.A. Sands CSIRo Entomology Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research Canberra 2001 Back Forward Contents Arthropod index General index List of targets The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) was established in June 1982 by an Act of the Australian Parliament. Its primary mandate is to help identify agricultural problems in developing countries and to commission collaborative research between Australian and developing country researchers in fields where Australia has special competence. Where trade names are used this constitutes neither endorsement of nor discrimination against any product by the Centre. ACIAR MONOGRAPH SERIES This peer-reviewed series contains the results of original research supported by ACIAR, or material deemed relevant to ACIAR’s research objectives. The series is distributed internationally, with an emphasis on the Third World. © Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, GPO Box 1571, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia Waterhouse, D.F. and Sands, D.P.A. 2001. Classical biological control of arthropods in Australia. ACIAR Monograph No. 77, 560 pages. ISBN 0 642 45709 3 (print) ISBN 0 642 45710 7 (electronic) Published in association with CSIRO Entomology (Canberra) and CSIRO Publishing (Melbourne) Scientific editing by Dr Mary Webb, Arawang Editorial, Canberra Design and typesetting by ClarusDesign, Canberra Printed by Brown Prior Anderson, Melbourne Cover: An ichneumonid parasitoid Megarhyssa nortoni ovipositing on a larva of sirex wood wasp, Sirex noctilio. Back Forward Contents Arthropod index General index Foreword List of targets WHEN THE CSIR Division of Economic Entomology, now Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Entomology, was established in 1928, classical biological control was given as one of its core activities.
    [Show full text]
  • Draft Pest Categorisation of Organisms Associated with Washed Ware Potatoes (Solanum Tuberosum) Imported from Other Australian States and Territories
    Nucleorhabdovirus Draft pest categorisation of organisms associated with washed ware potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) imported from other Australian states and territories This page is intentionally left blank Contributing authors Bennington JMA Research Officer – Biosecurity and Regulation, Plant Biosecurity Hammond NE Research Officer – Biosecurity and Regulation, Plant Biosecurity Poole MC Research Officer – Biosecurity and Regulation, Plant Biosecurity Shan F Research Officer – Biosecurity and Regulation, Plant Biosecurity Wood CE Technical Officer – Biosecurity and Regulation, Plant Biosecurity Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, December 2016 Document citation DAFWA 2016, Draft pest categorisation of organisms associated with washed ware potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) imported from other Australian states and territories. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, South Perth. Copyright© Western Australian Agriculture Authority, 2016 Western Australian Government materials, including website pages, documents and online graphics, audio and video are protected by copyright law. Copyright of materials created by or for the Department of Agriculture and Food resides with the Western Australian Agriculture Authority established under the Biosecurity and Agriculture Management Act 2007. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced or reused for any commercial purposes whatsoever
    [Show full text]
  • A Molecular Approach to Studying Hymenoptera Diets Using Polistine Wasps
    ORIG I NAL AR TI CLE P r e p r i n t A molecular approach to studying Hymenoptera diets using polistine wasps Lefort M.-C.1,2 | Beggs J.R.3 | Glare T.R.4 | Doyle E.J.2 | Saunders T.E.3 | Boyer S.5∗ 1Laboratoire d’Écologie et Biologie des Interactions (EBI) – UMR 7267 CNRS, The study of animal diets has benefited from the rise of Université de Poitiers, 5 rue Albert Turpain, high-throughput DNA sequencing applied to stomach con- 86073 POITIERS Cedex 9, France tent or faecal samples. The latter can be fresh samples used 2Environmental and Animal Sciences, to describe recent meals, or older samples, which can in- Unitec Institute of Technology, 139 form about past feeding activities. For most invertebrates, Carrington Road, Mt Albert, Auckland 1025, however, it is difficult to access ‘historical’ samples, due New Zealand to the small size of the animals and the absence of per- 3Centre for Biodiversity and Biosecurity, manent defecation sites. Therefore, sampling must be re- School of Biological Sciences|Te Kura Matauranga¯ Koiora, University of peated to account for seasonal variation and to capture the Auckland|Te Whare Wananga¯ o Tamaki¯ overall diet of a species. This study develops a method Makaurau, PB 92019 Auckland 1142, New to describe the overall diet of social Hymenoptera based Zealand on a single sampling event, by analysing prey DNA from 4Bio-Protection Research Centre, PO Box faeces accumulated in brood cells. We collected 48 nests 85084, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, from two species of introduced paper wasps (Polistes chi- Christchurch, New Zealand nensis, and P.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mcguire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity
    Supplemental Information All specimens used within this study are housed in: the McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity (MGCL) at the Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, USA (FLMNH); the University of Maryland, College Park, USA (UMD); the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle in Paris, France (MNHN); and the Australian National Insect Collection in Canberra, Australia (ANIC). Methods DNA extraction protocol of dried museum specimens (detailed instructions) Prior to tissue sampling, dried (pinned or papered) specimens were assigned MGCL barcodes, photographed, and their labels digitized. Abdomens were then removed using sterile forceps, cleaned with 100% ethanol between each sample, and the remaining specimens were returned to their respective trays within the MGCL collections. Abdomens were placed in 1.5 mL microcentrifuge tubes with the apex of the abdomen in the conical end of the tube. For larger abdomens, 5 mL microcentrifuge tubes or larger were utilized. A solution of proteinase K (Qiagen Cat #19133) and genomic lysis buffer (OmniPrep Genomic DNA Extraction Kit) in a 1:50 ratio was added to each abdomen containing tube, sufficient to cover the abdomen (typically either 300 µL or 500 µL) - similar to the concept used in Hundsdoerfer & Kitching (1). Ratios of 1:10 and 1:25 were utilized for low quality or rare specimens. Low quality specimens were defined as having little visible tissue inside of the abdomen, mold/fungi growth, or smell of bacterial decay. Samples were incubated overnight (12-18 hours) in a dry air oven at 56°C. Importantly, we also adjusted the ratio depending on the tissue type, i.e., increasing the ratio for particularly large or egg-containing abdomens.
    [Show full text]
  • Report-VIC-Croajingolong National Park-Appendix A
    Croajingolong National Park, Victoria, 2016 Appendix A: Fauna species lists Family Species Common name Mammals Acrobatidae Acrobates pygmaeus Feathertail Glider Balaenopteriae Megaptera novaeangliae # ~ Humpback Whale Burramyidae Cercartetus nanus ~ Eastern Pygmy Possum Canidae Vulpes vulpes ^ Fox Cervidae Cervus unicolor ^ Sambar Deer Dasyuridae Antechinus agilis Agile Antechinus Dasyuridae Antechinus mimetes Dusky Antechinus Dasyuridae Sminthopsis leucopus White-footed Dunnart Felidae Felis catus ^ Cat Leporidae Oryctolagus cuniculus ^ Rabbit Macropodidae Macropus giganteus Eastern Grey Kangaroo Macropodidae Macropus rufogriseus Red Necked Wallaby Macropodidae Wallabia bicolor Swamp Wallaby Miniopteridae Miniopterus schreibersii oceanensis ~ Eastern Bent-wing Bat Muridae Hydromys chrysogaster Water Rat Muridae Mus musculus ^ House Mouse Muridae Rattus fuscipes Bush Rat Muridae Rattus lutreolus Swamp Rat Otariidae Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus ~ Australian Fur-seal Otariidae Arctocephalus forsteri ~ New Zealand Fur Seal Peramelidae Isoodon obesulus Southern Brown Bandicoot Peramelidae Perameles nasuta Long-nosed Bandicoot Petauridae Petaurus australis Yellow Bellied Glider Petauridae Petaurus breviceps Sugar Glider Phalangeridae Trichosurus cunninghami Mountain Brushtail Possum Phalangeridae Trichosurus vulpecula Common Brushtail Possum Phascolarctidae Phascolarctos cinereus Koala Potoroidae Potorous sp. # ~ Long-nosed or Long-footed Potoroo Pseudocheiridae Petauroides volans Greater Glider Pseudocheiridae Pseudocheirus peregrinus
    [Show full text]
  • ARTHROPODA Subphylum Hexapoda Protura, Springtails, Diplura, and Insects
    NINE Phylum ARTHROPODA SUBPHYLUM HEXAPODA Protura, springtails, Diplura, and insects ROD P. MACFARLANE, PETER A. MADDISON, IAN G. ANDREW, JOCELYN A. BERRY, PETER M. JOHNS, ROBERT J. B. HOARE, MARIE-CLAUDE LARIVIÈRE, PENELOPE GREENSLADE, ROSA C. HENDERSON, COURTenaY N. SMITHERS, RicarDO L. PALMA, JOHN B. WARD, ROBERT L. C. PILGRIM, DaVID R. TOWNS, IAN McLELLAN, DAVID A. J. TEULON, TERRY R. HITCHINGS, VICTOR F. EASTOP, NICHOLAS A. MARTIN, MURRAY J. FLETCHER, MARLON A. W. STUFKENS, PAMELA J. DALE, Daniel BURCKHARDT, THOMAS R. BUCKLEY, STEVEN A. TREWICK defining feature of the Hexapoda, as the name suggests, is six legs. Also, the body comprises a head, thorax, and abdomen. The number A of abdominal segments varies, however; there are only six in the Collembola (springtails), 9–12 in the Protura, and 10 in the Diplura, whereas in all other hexapods there are strictly 11. Insects are now regarded as comprising only those hexapods with 11 abdominal segments. Whereas crustaceans are the dominant group of arthropods in the sea, hexapods prevail on land, in numbers and biomass. Altogether, the Hexapoda constitutes the most diverse group of animals – the estimated number of described species worldwide is just over 900,000, with the beetles (order Coleoptera) comprising more than a third of these. Today, the Hexapoda is considered to contain four classes – the Insecta, and the Protura, Collembola, and Diplura. The latter three classes were formerly allied with the insect orders Archaeognatha (jumping bristletails) and Thysanura (silverfish) as the insect subclass Apterygota (‘wingless’). The Apterygota is now regarded as an artificial assemblage (Bitsch & Bitsch 2000).
    [Show full text]
  • Conditions for Import of Avocado Fruit from Australia BE 2556
    Notification of Department of Agriculture Re: Conditions for Import of Avocado Fruit from Australia B.E. 2556 (2013) ----------------------------- The Department of Agriculture has completed pest risk analysis for commercial importation of avocado fruit from Australia. By virtue of the provisions of Section 8 (2) and Section 10 of the Plant Quarantine Act B.E. 2507 (1964) amended by the Plant Quarantine Act (No. 3) B.E. 2551 (2008) with particular provisions that may restrict the right and freedom of any person in which Section 29 together with Section 32, Section 33, Section 41 and Section 43 of the Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand permits by virtue of the law. The Director-General of Department of Agriculture through the recommendation of the Plant Quarantine Committee, hereby announces the conditions that have to be met in order to import avocado fruit from Australia as follows: 1. This notification shall be called “Notification of Department of Agriculture, Re: Conditions for Import of Avocado Fruit from Australia B.E. 2556 (2013)”. 2. This notification shall enter into force thirty days after the date of its proclamation in the Government Gazette. 3. Plant Species Avocado fruit (Persea americana) 4. Quarantine Pests of Concern A list of quarantine pests of current concern to the Kingdom of Thailand for avocado fruit from Australia is given in Attachment 1. 5. Responsible Organizations 5.1 Kingdom of Thailand: Department of Agriculture (hereinafter referred to as DOA) 5.2 Australia: Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry (hereinafter referred to as DAFF) Conditions for Import of Avocado Fruit from Australia B.E.
    [Show full text]
  • Leeper JR. 1975. a Review of the Hawaiian
    1/AWAH NATK>NAL PARK LIBRARY Technical Report No. 53 A REVIE.W OF THE HAWAIIAN COCCINELLIDAE S(4.gql.a OS John R.. Leeper I Cot Department of Entomology c. #;l_ University of Hawaii Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 ISLAND ECOSYSTEMS IRP u.. s. International Biological Program February 1975 ABSTRACT This 1s the first taxonomic study of the Hawaiian Coccinellidae. There are forty species, subspecies or varieties in the State. Island distribution, a key, nomenclatural changes, introduction data, hosts and world wide distribution are given. - l - TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT . i INTRODUCTION . l SYSTEMATICS 5 ACKNOWLEr::GEMENTS 49 LITERATURE CITED 50 Appendix I . 52 Appendix II . 54 LIST OF TABLES Table Page l Distributional list of Hawaiian Coccinellidae . 3 LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page l Elytral epipleura horizontal or slightly inclined below . 6 2 Elytral epipleura strongly inclined below . 7 3 Elytral epipleura with distinct deep impressions for reception of legs two and three . 10 4 Coxal arch incomplete 15 5 Coxal arch complete . 15 - ii - -1- INTRODUCTION The Coccinellidae comprise a large family in the Coleoptera with about 490 genera and 4200 species (Sasaji, 1971). The majority of these species are predacious on insect and mite pests and are therefore of economic and scientific importance. Several species are phytophagous and are pests themselves. To date, none of these occur in Hawaii. The Coccinellidae are all thought to have been introduced into the Ha­ waiian Islands. Three species, Scymnus discendens (= Diomus debilis LeConte), Scymnus ocellatus and Scymnus vividus (= Scymnus (Pullus) loewii Mulsant) were described by Sharp (Blackburn and Sharp, 1885) from specimens collected in Hawaii.
    [Show full text]
  • Home Pre-Fire Moth Species List by Species
    Species present before fire - by species Scientific Name Common Name Family Abantiades aphenges Hepialidae Abantiades hyalinatus Mustard Ghost Moth Hepialidae Abantiades labyrinthicus Hepialidae Acanthodela erythrosema Oecophoridae Acantholena siccella Oecophoridae Acatapaustus leucospila Nolidae Achyra affinitalis Cotton Web Spinner Crambidae Aeolochroma mniaria Geometridae Ageletha hemiteles Oecophoridae Aglaosoma variegata Notodontidae Agriophara discobola Depressariidae Agrotis munda Brown Cutworm Noctuidae Alapadna pauropis Erebidae Alophosoma emmelopis Erebidae Amata nigriceps Erebidae Amelora demistis Pointed Cape Moth Geometridae Amelora sp. Cape Moths Geometridae Antasia flavicapitata Geometridae Anthela acuta Common Anthelid Moth Anthelidae Anthela ferruginosa Anthelidae Anthela repleta Anthelidae Anthela sp. Anthelidae Anthela varia Variable Anthelid Anthelidae Antipterna sp. Oecophoridae Ardozyga mesochra Gelechiidae Ardozyga sp. Gelechiidae Ardozyga xuthias Gelechiidae Arhodia lasiocamparia Pink Arhodia Geometridae Arrade destituta Erebidae Arrade leucocosmalis Erebidae Asthenoptycha iriodes Tortricidae Asura lydia Erebidae Azelina biplaga Geometridae Barea codrella Oecophoridae Calathusa basicunea Nolidae Calathusa hypotherma Nolidae Capusa graodes Geometridae Capusa sp. Geometridae Carposina sp. Carposinidae Casbia farinalis Geometridae Casbia sp. Geometridae Casbia tanaoctena Geometridae Catacometes phanozona Oecophoridae Catoryctis subparallela Xyloryctidae Cernia amyclaria Geometridae Chaetolopha oxyntis Geometridae Chelepteryx
    [Show full text]
  • Draft Policy Review
    Draft policy review A categorisation of invertebrate and pathogen organisms associated with fresh table grape bunches (Vitis spp.) imported from other Australian states and territories Supporting your success Draft pest categorisation report Contributing authors Bennington JM Research Officer – Biosecurity and Regulation, Plant Biosecurity Hammond NE Research Officer – Biosecurity and Regulation, Plant Biosecurity Hooper RG Research Officer – Biosecurity and Regulation, Plant Biosecurity Jackson SL Research Officer – Biosecurity and Regulation, Plant Biosecurity Poole MC Research Officer – Biosecurity and Regulation, Plant Biosecurity Tuten SJ Senior Policy Officer – Biosecurity and Regulation, Plant Biosecurity Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, December 2014 Document citation DAFWA 2015, Draft policy review: A categorisation of invertebrate and pathogen organisms associated with fresh table grape bunches (Vitis spp.) imported from other Australian states and territories. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, South Perth. Copyright© Western Australian Agriculture Authority, 2015 Western Australian Government materials, including website pages, documents and online graphics, audio and video are protected by copyright law. Copyright of materials created by or for the Department of Agriculture and Food resides with the Western Australian Agriculture Authority established under the Biosecurity and Agriculture Management Act 2007. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research,
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenomics Reveals Major Diversification Rate Shifts in The
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/517995; this version posted January 11, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC 4.0 International license. 1 Phylogenomics reveals major diversification rate shifts in the evolution of silk moths and 2 relatives 3 4 Hamilton CA1,2*, St Laurent RA1, Dexter, K1, Kitching IJ3, Breinholt JW1,4, Zwick A5, Timmermans 5 MJTN6, Barber JR7, Kawahara AY1* 6 7 Institutional Affiliations: 8 1Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA 9 2Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology, & Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 10 83844 USA 11 3Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK 12 4RAPiD Genomics, 747 SW 2nd Avenue #314, Gainesville, FL 32601. USA 13 5Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Clunies Ross St, Acton, ACT 2601, Canberra, 14 Australia 15 6Department of Natural Sciences, Middlesex University, The Burroughs, London NW4 4BT, UK 16 7Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA 17 *Correspondence: [email protected] (CAH) or [email protected] (AYK) 18 19 20 Abstract 21 The silkmoths and their relatives (Bombycoidea) are an ecologically and taxonomically 22 diverse superfamily that includes some of the most charismatic species of all the Lepidoptera. 23 Despite displaying some of the most spectacular forms and ecological traits among insects, 24 relatively little attention has been given to understanding their evolution and the drivers of 25 their diversity.
    [Show full text]