Language, Part IV B(I)(A)-C-Series , Series-9

CENSUS OF INDIA 1991 SERIES 09 - HIMACHAL PRADESH PART IV B(i)(a) - C-Series LANGUAGE Table C-7 State, Districts, Tahsils and Towns . DIRECTORATE OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, HIMACHAL PRADESH Registrar General of India (In charge of the Census of India and vital statistics) Office Address 2-A, Mansmgh Road, New Deihl 110011, India Telephone (91-11) 338 3761 Fax (91-11) 338 3145 Email rgmdla@hub mc In Internet http f/WWW censuslndla net Registrar General of India's publications can be purchased from the followmg • The Sales Depot (Phone 338 6583) Office of the Registrar General of India 2-A Manslngh Road New Deihl 110 011, India • Directorates of Census Operations In the capitals of all states and union territories In India • The Controller of PublicatIon Old Secretariat CIvil Lines Deihl 110 054 • Kltab Mahal State Emporium Complex, Unit No 21 Saba Kharak Singh Marg New Deihl 110 001 • Sales outlets of the Controller of Publication all over India Census data available on the floppy disks can be purchased from the follOWing • Office of the Registrar General,)ndla Data Processing DIVISIon 2nd Floor, 'E' Wing Pushpa Shawan Madanglr Road New Deihl 110 062, India Telephone (91-11) 6081558 Fax (91-11) 608 0295 Email rgdpd@rgl satyam net In o Registrar General of India The contents of th,s publication may be quoted citing the source clearly PREFACE The Census of Indta IS the only comprehensIve data source on language in IndIa and has been the pioneer m this field The Census of India Report of 1921 notes "As wIth the ethnography so also In the case of the language ofIndia, much of the pioneer work has been done In connection wIth the decenl1lal Census, and the Il1terest in the subject, which eventually leads to Its complete and systematic treatment under expert dIrectIOn is largely due to the contrIbution made by Census Officers m theIr reports" Each Census has added to the rich data base on the subject and provided the basis for WIde ranging study and research. This volume contaInS the data based on the mother tongue of each mdivldual which was ascertaIned through a questIon 10 the 10dlvtdual sllp canvassed for the entIre populatIOn The mother tongue figures were compiled and grouped under the relevant language for presentatIOn in the final table. The table C-7 presented in thIs volume comes under Part IV B( 1) social and cultural Tables. In addItIOn to the language data as in the preVIOUS Census 1981 and 1971, the number of Speakers of mdlvldual mother tongues have also been presented now ThIs will be of great use to scholars and researchers as well as to State Governments and local governments 111 charge of pnmary schooling to fulfill the mandate of ArtIcle 350 A of the Constitution of IndIa which envIsages the provIsion of adequate faCIlities for InstructIOn 111 the mother tongue at the primary stage of educatIOn It IS Important that data on mother tongues and languages are dIssemInated and studied It IS also necessary that the researches should be carned on the baSIS of these data, otherwIse the expenence, literature, knowledge, cultural dIverSIty, even IdentIty of people or groups may be at the verge of losmg their Identity. The work relatmg to compIlation of thIs table and brmgIng out of volume was undertaken In the RegIOnal TabulatIOn Office oftl11s Census DIrectorate whIch was finalised by the Language DIvision, Calcutta, Data Processmg DiVISIon and Census DIVISIon of the RegIstrar General of IndIa's office m New DeIhl The officials associated WIth thIS work are referred to in the Acknowledgement. It IS hoped that thiS WIll serve as a comprehensive and user-frtendly data source for all interested data users October, 2001 Dr. R.L. Bisotra Shimla. Director of Census Operations, Himachal Pradesh, Shimla 111 CONTENTS Page Preface III General Note 1-2 Statement 1 Abstract of languages and mother tongues and their strengths -1991 3-7 Statement 2, Distribution of Languages (InclUSive of mother tongues grouped under each) speCified In Schedule VIII to the Constitution of India - 1991 8 Statement 3 Distribution of Population by Scheduled and Non-Scheduled Languages - Himachal Pradesh and Districts - 1991 9 Statement 4: Distribution of 10,000 persons by Language - Himachal Pradesh and Districts - 1991 10-11 C-7 PART A(I} Distribution of the 18 Scheduled Languages - State! Dlstrlcts/ Tahslls/ Towns - 1991 13-41 C-7 PART A(II}, Distribution of the Mother tongues (HaVing a Minimum of 10,000 speakers In India) Included under the 18 Scheduled Languages - State! Districts! Tahslls/ Towns - 1991 42-108 C-7 PART 8(1} Distribution of the 96 Non-Scheduled languages - State! Dlstrlcts/ Tahsllsl Towns - 1991 109-125 C-7 PART 8(11)' DlstrlQutlon of the Mother tongues (HaVing a Minimum of 10,000 speakers In India) Included under the 96 Non-Scheduled Languages - State/ Dlstrlcts/ Tahslls/ Towns - 1991 126-145 Acknowledgement 147-148 GENERAL NOTE Language IS an Important characterIstIc of a population partIcularly In a plufl-hngual and pluri-cultural country like India since no separate questIOn IS asked 111 the census on ethlllcity except for the Scheduled Tribes The language 111 Census hterature that has grown over the last one hundred years of Indian Census history has shed light on the ethnIc and lingUistic composition of our country. In the 1991 Census, two language questions were asked, VIZ "mother tongue" and "two other languages known" as question No 6 and 7 respectively 10 the mdlvidual slip To facIhtate the preparation 'of the C-7 table on full count baSIS manually from the Household Schedule, clear instructIOns were given to the Census enumerators on the definition and the procedure for recording the languages returned by the respondents The two questlons on "mother tongue" and "two other languages known" were canvassed on the entire Indian populatIon except Jammu and Kashmir where the 1991 Census could not be held due to disturbed condItIOns As the ll1structlons to the enumerators would show, the respondent was made to feel free to return_ the name of hIs/her mother tongue in reply to question 6 of the mdlvidual slip and the same was recorded faithfully by the enumerators This practice naturally leads to the recordmg of a very large number of language/mother tongue names from all over the country and the huge data so collected is presented 111 a meamngful manner after thorough scrutmy following the usual hngUlstlc methods by the Census Orga11lsatlOn for rational groups A total of 46 languages IS presented 111 two parts Part A- Scheduled language comprismg of 17 languages and Part B- Non Scheduled languages comprtsll1g 28 languages and the remammg "Total of other languages" Consequent upon the passing of the 71 sl Amendment Act, 1992 to the ConstItution of IndIa, three languages VIZ Konkam, Mampufl and Nepah were added to the hst of EIght Scheduled languages vIde NotIfication No 55 dated I 9 1992 Table part A 111 tIllS volume shows the distflbutIOn of speakers of the 17 languages out of 18 languages specified In the Eighth Schedule to the ConstltutIOn ofIndla and the mother tongues included under each of these languages Table Part-B mdicates the speakers of the 28 languages which are not mcluded 111 the EIghth Schedule and the mother tongues l11cluded under each of these languages All other languages and mother tongues falhng under Part-B and which returned less than 10,000 speakers each at the all India level or were not Identifiable on the baSIS of hngUlstIc mformatIOn avaIlable are mcluded 111 the category of "other languages" shown as the la'St entry in Part-B Speakers covered by the languages In Part A constItute 97 °percent of the total populatIon and the remaming 3 °per cent IS accounted for by the rest of the languages given m Part-B Those IdentIfiable mother tongues whIch returned 10,000 or more speakers each at the all IndIa level and whIch have been grouped under the languages in Part A and B have been lIsted out 111 the fly leaf The dIstribution of speakers of the mother tongues are presented 10 the supplement table C-7 Part A and B in respect of scheduled and Non scheduled languages respectIvely. Those which returned less than 10,000 speakers each and were claSSIfied under a language have not been specIfically mentioned but mcluded 111 'Others' under that language Both Table C-7 Part A and B and ItS supplement presents the dlstflbutton of populatIOn by languages and-mother tongues The languages have been arranged m the descending order of the number of speakers by sex along WIth theIr rural and urban proportIOns These tables are being presented for the first tIme in 1991 Census and It is expected that these Will be very useful for varIOUS data users The presentation of the 1991 language data is based on the same principles as ~ere adopted to the 1971 and 1981 Census In addition, the speakers st~ength figure of all mdlVldual mother tongues returned by 10,000 or more persons has also been glVen The followmg Statements are presented In this volume for the benefit of the readers' Statement 1: Part A- Languages specified m the Eighth Schedule (Scheduled Languages) and the Mother Tongues mcluded under each language. Part 8- Languages not specified 10 the Eighth Schedule (Non Scheduled Languages) and the Mother Tongues Included under each language Statement 2: DlstnbutlOn of languages (inclusive of Mother Tongues grouped under each) SpecIfied In Scheduled VlJI of the ConstItution ofJndia-199 I Statement 3: DIstrIbutIon ofpopulatlOll by Scheduled and Non Scheduled Languages Himachal Pradesh and DIstncts Statement-4: DIstnbutlOn of

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