i \ 19784 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1970 \ 1 403. By the SPEAKER: A memorial of the State of Dlinois, relative certain benefits for kyu Islands, relative to removal of poison-gas State of Illinois, relative to amending the the mentally 111 under the Social Security weapons from the Ryukyu Islands; to t he !\ Social Security Act regarding rehabilitation Act; to the Committee on Ways and Means. Committee on Armed Services. sites for the mentally 111; to the Committee 509. Also, petition of the Gushikawa Cit y on Ways and Means. Assembly, Okinawa, Ryukyu Islands, relat ive 404. Also, a memorial of the Senate of the PETITIONS, ETC. to U.S. military personnel stationed on Oki­ nawa; to the Committee on Armed Services. St ate of Illinois, relative to amending the Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions 510. Also, petition of the board of com­ Social Security Act to provide certain treat­ and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk missioners, Newport, Ky., relative to exempt ­ ment for the mentally ill; to the Committee and referred as follows: ing the Delta Queen from the provisions of on Ways and Means. 508. By the SPEAKER: Petition of the the safety-at-sea law; to the Committee on 405. Also, a memorial of the Senate of the Gushikawa City Assembly, Okinawa, Ryu- Merchant Marine an d F isheries.

EXTENSIO ~NS OF REMARKS BREAKTHROUGH IN CANCER Federal Government funding; his own cially inbred mice by the end of June. RESEARCH life savings, now exhausted; and public And now, the miracle. contributions of more than $25,000 raised Five minutes after I mentioned this when his financial plight was publicized last night, a Coronado woman called to HON. BOB WILSON primarily in the San Diego Independent. offer $5,000-enough to keep the lab open OF CALIFORNIA But the financial well is running dry, through July, another full month. But IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Government has refused another Dr. Strong must maintain his laboratory Monday, June 15, 1970 grant, and he has just enough to keep for several more months, to insure the going through June, after which he will Mr. BOB WILSON. Mr. Speaker, one fullest exploration of what ap'pears to have to phase out the lab in Sorrento be a significant attack on cancer. If you of the most remarkable scientists of our Valley, kill the 13,000 mice, and close the time, a man who may be on the verge of feel that you would like to help Dr. a breakthrough in cancer research, is 76- book on a lifetime of dedicated research. Strong in this endeavor, you may send year-old Dr. Leonell Strong, who among Desperate attempts are being made by whatever donation you can afford to his own peers is hailed as an unsung hero San Diego friends of Dr. Strong to con­ Leonell C. Strong Research Foundation, vince the National Institute of Health to 10457 Roselle Street, San Diego, 92121. of medicine. continue its support of his lab for at least There have been many disappoint ­ Six years ago, Dr. Strong retired after another 12 to 18 months-the time Dr. ments in the fight against cancer; this many years as a genetioist at the Yale Strong, still mentally vigorous at 76, be­ may be another one, but can we afford School of Medicine and later as head of lieves he needs for positive proof of im­ not to give it the fullest chance to suc­ the animal experimental laboratory at munity against cancer provided by the ceed? Roswell Park Institute in New York liver extract. But unless a miracle oc­ State, the oldest cancer research lab in curs, the Leonell Strong Laboratory ap­ the world. pears doomed to shut down. It would be POSTAL REFORM He came to La Jolla to join the Salk a sad culmination of a distinguished ca­ Institute for Biological Studies, had a reer during which-and few people know falling out with Dr. Salk, and a couple of this--Dr. Strong was nominated for HON. ARNOLD OLSEN of years ago became involved in a law­ a Noble Prize in Medicine, though he OF MONTANA suit in which Dr. Strong won damages. did not win the award. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES He then established his own laboratory The miracle has happened to keep Monday, June 15, 1970 in Sorrento Valley under auspices of a alive the remarkable cancer research by nonprofit foundation, pouring all of his Dr. Leonell Strong, the distinguished Mr. OLSEN. Mr. Speaker, I want to call to the attention of all my colleagues, life savings into the lab in order to con­ scientist whose labo~atory in Sorrento tinue research with mice for which he Valley, near Del Mar, has been threat­ especially in view of the business sched­ has become world famous. ened repeatedly with shutdown. ule for tomorrow, a commentary by During a half century's research, Dr. During the last 2 nights on these com­ Nicholas von Hoffman in today's issue, Strong has become acknowledged as the mentaries, I have told of the world-re­ June 15, of the Washington Post. This world's foremost authority in the study nowned studies by Dr. Strong of malig­ article is one of the most cogent I have of cancer through the use of inbred nant tumors in mice--studies that now seen on the subject of postal reform and strains of mice. His colonies of mice have may be reaching a breakthrough that gives some of the background informa­ been the source of such animals used in could unlock some of the mysteries of tion as to how this so-called reform has labs throughout the world. His first ma­ cancer. been lobbied to the :floor of this House. jor contribution to cancer research was A liver extract which Dr. Strong has I hope every one of my colleagues will development of a unique strain of mice been injecting into some of the 13,000 read it carefully before the House begins in which tumors grew spontaneously, mice at his laboratory has demonstrated its consideration of the so-called postal rather than being transplanted-mice in the capability of inhibiting the growth reform bill. which cancer was conveyed from one gen­ of tumors from one generation to the The article follows: eration to the next. next, to the point of complete elimina­ POSTAL "REFORM" Now he has developed a liver extract tion 1n the ninth generation. (By Nicholas von Hoffman) which when applied to mice, has resulted The liver extract is now being evalu­ The pressure is rising to pass the Post Of­ in virtuallY 100 percent elimination of ated in the world's oldest cancer research fice Reform Bill. People support anything cancerous tumors in nine generations of laboratory, the Roswell Park Institute called reform, especially these days when mice. Clinical experiments with human in Buffalo, N.Y., for possible clinical use action of any kind is beyond our enfeebled beings at Roswell Park Institute may be representatives. on human beings. Meanwhile, Dr. Strong One of the main arguments for this bill is the next step after scientists there isolate must continue his experiments for the that it will "take the Post Office Department the active ingredient in the liver extract. most com'plete scientific confirmation. out of politics." Politicians and politics The reason we are calling attention to Although Dr. Strong's research has being held in the high regard they are, any Dr. Strong's work tonight is that it is on been supported in the past by the Amer­ proposition to get rid of them always wins the verge of being shut down completely ican Cancer Society and the National near unanimous assent. for lack of financial support at the very Institutes of Health, a cutback in avail­ Alas, experience teaches us that it is im­ moment when this distinguished scien­ ability of research funds has dried up possible to get politics out of anything, not tist may be on the threshold of an im­ these sources. He has exhausted his own merely because politicians are tenacious fel­ in lows and like to hang in there close to the portant discovery the battle against life savings to keep his laboratory open. boodle, but also because politics, realistically cancer, right here in San Diego County. With financial aid no longer available, defined, is the business of deciding and Up to now, Dr. Strong has struggled he faced a complete shutdown, and ex­ carrying out policy, and you can't run any­ to maintain his laboratory with modest termination of the thousands of spe- thing without doing that. What this bill June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19785 actually does is transfer some of Congress' where they have already demonstrated what cases before the Court, and I have taught power over the Post Office Department to a they can do to national postal service when constitutional law at New York University board of directors who're supposed to be they decide not to report for work. School of Law for nine years. nonpartisan and operate the mail in a busi­ And that's what they're going to decide it In my judgment no information that has nesslike and efficient manner. reform in its present design goes through. so far come to light warrants the impeach­ This isn't a new idea in American life. "Our members won't stand for it," says Phil ment of Justice Douglas. The charges that We've been reorganizing things to get the Seligman, the executive vice-president of have been made by Mr. Ford and others seem politics out of them for a long time. That the Bronx-Manhattan local. "If this goes patently insufficient to invoke the ultimate was the idea behind civil service, appointed through, there'll never be labor peace. We're remedy against a sitting judge. For example, school boards, urban renewal commissions not going to stand by and be legislated out the relationship of Justice Douglas to the and such internationally famous fiascos as of existence." Parvin Foundation and the Center for Dem­ the Port of New York Authority. Sometimes, It's been the big city postal workers, the ocratic Studies have not, as far as I am commissions and authorities can introduce men and women who live in the high cost­ aware, been shown to involve any impropri­ economies in the operation, but a new bu­ of-living areas who've been unhappiest about ety. Moreover, the widely quoted excerpt reaucracy is establishd which is unamenable wages. They need collective bargaining rep­ from Justice Douglas' recent book, Points to the needs and desires of people we aptly resentation the most. of Rebellion, is not only ambiguous but call "the small man." Nothing has proved as Instead, th~ President and many mem­ plainly protected by the First Amendment. unresponsive to the individual citizen as bers of Congress are turning them over to Perhaps out of a recognition that the "nonpolitical," appointive commissions run George Meany who, in lieu of getting them above charges do not constitute the "high by experts, distinguished citizens and repre­ a living wage, can perhaps persuade them to crime and Mi:;demeanor" that the Constitu­ sentatives of the public. join the hard hats and satisfy the frustra­ tion requires for impeachment, Mr. Wy­ Most reforms that set out to make things tion of their bellles by beating up long­ man's resolution attempted-for the first nonpolitical are actually engaged in trans­ haired young persons. time in our history, I believe--to base im­ ferring the political power from elected poli­ Under this version of reform, the predom­ peachment on the alleged fact that Justice ticians to the nonelective, silent and secret inantly black National Alliance of Postal Douglas has "failed to be of . • . good Be­ politicians with much smaller constituencies, Employees with 37,000 members (the fourth havior." If this constitutional standard is often referred to as lobbyists, bagmen, etc. largest Post Office union) will also be denied adopted, it will be a serious blow at the In that light, let's see who put up the money the right to bargain collectively. independence of the judiciary, fully apart to lobby and propagandize this reform President Nixon has repeatedly said that from the effect on the matter pending be­ through the Congress. Who was it that he believes in local control, in :pushing de­ fore your committee. The net result would backed the Citizens' Committee for Postal cision making out of Washington. He has be, as Mr. Ford candidly told the House, Reform? done this in the South when white parents that "an impeachment offense is whatever a The Congressional Record, Volume 115, haven't wanted black children in their majority of the House ... considers it to be pa.rt 22, page 29322 tells us that the names schools. at a given moment in history." Such a rule of some of these citizens who contributed This principle, which he applied even at would not only jeopardize judicial independ­ $5,000 apiece were: The Bank of America, the expense of black children's rights, is now ence, but would be deeply ironic in view of Scott Paper Co., Standard Oil of New Jersey, violated because it's convenient for the the expressed concern for judicial precedent Time, Inc., the Minneapolis Star and Tribune, President to have Mr. Meany hailing him as and the rule of law on the part of the Pan American World Airways, Montgomery the 30-day conqueror of Cambodia; because sponsors of the impeachment resolution. Ward, J. C. Penney Co., Boys Town of the it's profitable for the corporate citizens. I urge you to oppose the impeachment Desert, I. E. du Pont de Nemours & Co., But building a new and more remote super of Justice Douglas. Kimberly-Clarke Corp., Sears, Roebuck & organization, reinforcing the rigid inertia of Sincerely, Co., General Electric, American Express, big labor, contradicting the need for struc­ NORMAN DORSEN, Goodyear Tire & Rubber, Ford, and the Bech­ tural change that the President himself has Professor of Law. tel Corp. Weighing in for contributions of enunciated, is worse than inconsistent, it less than $5,000 were, among others, the fol­ will increase wildcat strikes, augment the lowing citizens: Litton Publications, Inc., the universal feeling of personal impotence and Conde Nast Publications, Cowles Communi­ hasten the spread of black and student dis­ THE YEAR-ROUND SCHOOL cations, Inc., Newsweek, B. F. Goodrich, and ruption into mill and factory. CONCEPT Hon. C. Douglas Dillon. Right-thinking readers will understand that the afore-mentioned citizens made this HON. M. G. (GENE) SNYDER contribution out of unselfish zeal for reform. IN SUPPORT OF MR. JUSTICE OF KENTUCKY Cynics will remark that many of these citi­ zens are publications and other institutions WILLIAM 0. DOUGLAS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that use the man at favored rates, that others Monday, June 15, 1970 sell the publications large amounts of paper, HON. EDWARD I. KOCH that others are contractors who might build Mr. SNYDER. Mr. Speaker, the Jeffer­ the reformed and modernized post office OF NEW YORK son County, Ky., Board of Education has buildings, that others might sell this new sys­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES been doing some very interesting work on tem automated equipment or mail trucks, or Monday, June 15, 1970 the year-around school concept. tires for the trucks. There are other putative beneficiaries of Mr. KOCH. Mr. Speaker, I have re­ For those interested in bold, new, and reform. One of them is Mr. George Meany ceived a copy of a letter sent to the dis­ innovative ideas in elementary educa­ and his AFL-CIO. The deal Mr. Meany and tinguished Chairman of the House Judi­ tion, I am pleased to make available the his agent worked out with the administra­ ciary Committee written by a close recent comments of the Honorable Rich­ tion is that in return for his embracing re­ ard Van Hoose, superintendent of the form, only seven AFL-CIO unions would be friend and distinguished professor of law at New York University School of Jefferson County Public Schools. recognized as bargaining agents for the Post The remarks follow: Office employees. A reactionary, Republican Law, Norman Dorsen. administration not only traded away its The letter very succinctly sets forth YEAR-AROUND ScHOOL AND THE JEFFERSON cherished right-to-work principle but the the reason why each of us in this House CoUNTY BOARD OF EDUCATION right of the employees to choose their col­ should oppose the impeachment of Mr. On May 25, 1970, the Jefferson County lective-bargaining representative through Board of Education made a landmark deci­ elections conducted by the National Labor Justice William 0. Douglas. I am setting sion. In effect, they said "this is where we Relations Board. forth the letter with the thought it would stand on the year-around school concept, and This, in labor-union parlance, comes close be of interest to our colleagues: this is what we propose to do about it." This to being a yellow-dog contract. Mr. Meany, MAY 18, 1970. decision was announced to the nation and however, says it's historic, and he's certainly Hon. EMANUEL CELLER, to the world through press reports, and re­ right. Chairman, House Judiciary Committee, action has been swift and widespread. Mem­ Under the terms of this deal, the third House of Representatives, Washing­ bers of the Board of Education and staff have largest union of Post Office employees will be ton, D.C. heard from students, teachers, superintend­ excluded forever from the bargaining table. DEAR MR. CELLER: I write in regard to the ents, researchers, business men, college pro­ This is the 80,000-man National Postal pending impeachment resolution of Justice fessors, school board members, and others. Union, which isn't a member of the AFL­ William 0. Douglas. Apart from my interest Inquiries have come in from 17 states, and CIO. This independent union representing as a citizen, I am professionally concerned the mail continues to bring requests !or something like 10 per cent of all Post Office in view of my long connection with the su­ more information. employees has its membership concentrated preme Court. I served as law clerk to Mr. The Associated Press put the story on the in the big cities. Twenty-six thousand of its Justice John Marshall Harlan in the October wire and literally sent it around the world. members are 1n the Bronx and Manhattan, Term 1957, I have participated In numerous Because of this we have received inquiries 19786 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1970 from London, England; Santa Barbara, Cali­ 6. Better utilization of professional per­ cated in many other active communities fornia; Ann Arbor, Michigan; Hudson, New sonnel, and more fl.exibili ty in the use of Hampshire; Gregory, Texas; Vienna, Virginia, teachers. Some might choose to teach a full in America and they are known as vig­ and other far-away places too numerous to year; others with family responsibilities orous, enterprising, rugged outdoor in­ list. The "Today Show" carried our an­ might choose to teach one quarter only and dividuals who are made ~f very stern noun<:ement as a news feature. Television thus keep up their skills. stuff. stations in Philadelphia and Miami gave the 7. Flexibility in choice of vacation periods. I ch_erish many Basque friends today story special treatment. Education writers 8. Reduction in number of drop-outs be­ and_ w1sh to pay them tribute by the in­ from the New York Times, the Christian cause pupils would have wider choice of sub­ sertiOn of the following editorial to their Science Monitor, and the Washington jects and would not feel "locked in" to a course they disliked for a full year. credit, reprinted from the Reno Evening Scripps-Howard newspapers have been in Gazette of May 25, 1970, which tells of touch with us. A newspaper in Orlando, Flor­ Perhaps the most exciting aspect of the ida wrote a strong editorial endorsement of entire proposal is the fact that every course the continuous progress and achieve­ our Board's position. offering will have to be rewritten. We do not ment of these American citizens: No other action by the Jefferson County plan to cut up what we now cover in one [From the Reno Evening Gazette, May 25, Board of Education in my twenty years as year into three quarters. Rather, we plan to 1970] superintendent has created such a wave of turn each course out on the table as you A FESTIVAL OF NOTE would a bucket of nuts and bolts and ex­ interest. Why? The reason is obvious. S<:hool It was something over a century ago when systems everywhere are becoming aware that a~ne the contents. We will discard every­ thmg that is not relevant and introduce th~ ~rst _Basque miners and shepherds began the September-to-June calendar no longer dnftmg mto Nevada from California and the meets the needs of this na.tion. new material. The 60 day period makes it possible to plan minicourses relating to cur­ old country. In the fall of 1968 the Board of Education The migration of these enterprising people authorized the superintendent and staff to rent needs such as drug abuse, human rela­ tions, local government, and vocational ex­ was one of the best things that could hap­ make an in-depth study of the current think­ pen to a developing state. ing on year-round school. An ad hoo com­ periences. We have discussed with Dr. George Brod­ The Basques had to learn to be resourceful mittee was established with representatives to live in their homeland. It is a tortuous from all walks of life. Business leaders, state schi of the U. of L. International Center the possibility of summer courses that will be­ country high in the Pyrenees Mountains and legislators, PTA leaders, ministers, labor along a strip of the coast between Spain and leaders, and newspapermen were included, as gin and end in Jefferson County, with most of the course time spent in a foreign coun­ ~ranee, where it took good thinking and wlll­ were professional personnel from the County, mg hands to survive. City and Catholic school systems, from the try. The most effective way to learn a for­ eign language is to visit the country where Nevada fell heir to these attributes as pio­ University of Louisville, and from the State neer Basques sought to nurse a livelihood Department of Education. you must use the language. Geography a-nd history are best learned at first hand. from this state's harsh and reluctant wilder­ As the staff and the committee reviewed the ness. literature on this subject, listened to con­ The present economic picture empha­ sizes the timely decision which has been Today, the tongue-twisting Basque names sultants, and visited systems where innova­ are associated with some of the biggest busi­ tion of this kind is in progress, it became reached by our board of education. Rising construction costs, higher interest rates, and nesses and the most illustrious professions evident that isolating one plan for utilizing in the state, and they appear in unusual num­ schools all year around was a difficult task. diminishing tax resources affect planning for the future in housing of all kinds, and bers. Each suggested schedule was reviewed in the The big livestock spreads around Elko light of five factors: particularly in school housing. The Jeffer­ son County Board is interested in exploring Winnemucca, Gardnerville, Lovelock, Eurek~ 1. Potential for improving the curriculum. and Ely are operated by families of Basque 2. Effect of the plan upon community life. ways to make better use of the facilities we have. The fact that more than 600 other origin, or were before the prosperous own­ 3. Potential for improving teacher status. ers sold out. 4. Improved building use. school systems across the nation are also interested underlines the urgency of the Our governor, Paul Laxalt, is a second gen­ 5. Economy. problem. eration Basque. Quite a number of lawyers After more than a year of intensive study, teachers and doctors, some known as out~ the committee joined the staff in recommend­ Practical businessmen realize that school standing practitioners, answer to Basque facilities are available throughout the year, names. ing the Continuing Four Quarter Plan as fully equipped and ready for use. Most over­ the one with the greatest potential. This plan The nationality is prominent too in Ne­ head costs are the same whether schools are vada's casino business, as well 'as scores provides for four seasonal quarters of 60 days open or closed during the summer. Fixed i~ of instruction each. Choice of attendance at of sundry small businesses scattered through­ charges such as insurance and interest re­ out the state. any three quarters is up to the child, and main constant. A teaching staff is already no pupil would be required to attend more employed, and many teachers would pre­ These people have contributed so much than three quarters a year. fer a full year of employment. Finally, most to the state, that the University of Nevada A child who is mentally and physically children in metropolitan areas are without has seen fit to institute a center for Basque capable of attending all four quarters for constructive direction during much of the Studies on the Reno-Stead campus. three years could accelerate if this seemed summer. A hearty, sociable and fun-loving folk, the to be desirable. If enough students choose Our community has become interested in Basques of Nevada will gather for a festival to attend the summer quarter to spread at­ the advantages offered by the Continuing in Elko early in July. It's a national festi­ tendance evenly over the year, a saving of Four Quarter Plan. There is a great deal of val, and Basques from all around the country 25% will be possible in housing, saving mil­ interest in implementing change in the pres­ are expected to be there. lions of dollars in capital outlay. ent school calendar. We believe the time has It's open to the public, too, of course, and It will be necessary to ask the 1972 Ken­ come to establish a real beachhead for im­ that's a lucky thing. It's an event that tucky General Assembly to make some proved public eduoation. We believe we can Basque admirers and lovers of good food and changes in school attendance law and in set up an effective continuing four-quarter frolic won't want to miss. the way Minimum Foundation funds are schedule and make it work. distributed. Other legal changes may be necessary. With the best of luck in needed legal action and in finding a source of finan­ APPROPRIATIONS HEARINGS cial support to initiate this venture, the 1972- 73 school year could be the year the Con­ PATRIOTIC BASQUES PICK INDE­ VOLUMES RELEASED tinuing Four Quarter Plan is adopted in PENDENCE DAY FOR FESTIVAL Jefferson County Schools. HON. GEORGE H. MAHON The following advantages would be ob­ tained: HON. WALTER S. BARING OF TEXAS 1. Flexibility in course offerings. Sixty to OF NEVADA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES seventy percent of all subject matter can IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Monday, June 15, 1970 be handled in a non-sequential manner. Monday, June 15, 1970 2. More entry and withdrawal dates each Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, the Com­ year. Illness or injury would not mean the Mr. BARING. Mr. Speaker, an annual mittee on Appropriations in recent loss of an entire school year. festival is again being planned in Nevada days has released the following commit­ 3. Improved opportunity for temporary em­ in honor of some of the heartiest pioneers tee hearings volumes: ployment. The summer job rush would be who helped settle many parts of the Milita~y construction bill, part 3, de­ more evenly distributed throughout the year. fense agencies and so forth, released 4. Reduction of vandalism which now oc­ United States. curs when buildings are idle. This is the Basque Festival to be held Monday, June 8. 5. Opportunity for curriculum revision July 4, 1970, in Elko, Nev. These are the Labor-HEW, part 2, Food and Drug which would make courses and subject fine folks who make up a large portion Administration and health items, re­ matter more relevant to the present. of Nevada residents. Basques also are lo- leased Friday, June 12. June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19787 During the current week, the commit­ Students were also divided on whether Control, he left his mark upon the laws tee expects to release three additional ROTC should have partial financing or no of this country. He strengthened and financing from the university. Those op­ volumes--two relating to the Public posed to partial financing had a larger ma­ amplified the TVA program and spon­ Works-AEC appropriation bill and one jority. sored other legislation relating to the relating to the Labor-HEW appropria­ But the combined vote of students, fac­ general welfare of people living through­ tion bill. ulty, administrators and clerical workers at out the Mississippi Valley; he shepherded When released, copies are available to the university showed that the total ma­ through the House the Appalachian Re­ Members and others at the committee jority favored retention of ROTC with aca­ gional Development Act during the early room, H-218, Capitol Building, extension demic credit a.s it is now offered. The ma­ period of the Johnson administration. 2771. jority also indicated they did not favor par­ Cliff Davis was a courageous man who tial financing by MSU. After the referendum results were de­ carried on his body the scars of the gun­ LOUD MILITANTS GET THE ANSWER termined, MSU's Academic Council, the fac­ fire that burst out in the gallery of this AT MSU ulty governing body, passed a resolution sup­ House back in 1954, when Puerto Rican porting ROTC in its present status (with anarchists attacked our Members. But credit) and recommending full federal fund­ this did not embitter Cliff Davis. The HON. CHARLES E. CHAMBERLAIN ing of the program which now costs MSU center aisle of this House was never a OF MICHIGAN about $60,000 a year. wall to this Member, and he crossed it In short, the students, faculty, adminis­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and recrossed it time and again, doing tration and other workers at MSU, through favors for those with whom he served. Monday, June 15, 1970 the traditional democratic process, gave their stamp of approval to the ROTC on campus His interest was, simply enough, the Mr. CHAMBERLAIN. Mr. Speaker, Re­ in spite of the storming, irrational and some­ welfare of the American people which serve Officers Training Corps programs times violent intimidation of a militant few. he had given his oath to uphold, and and facilities have been one of the main It should also be kept in mind that in a he always fought openly and lovingly for objects of protest and violence on college survey conducted a year ago at MSU, a ma­ that. campuses across the Nation. The mili­ jority of the students and faculty voted in I knew Cliff Davis well and grieve at tants have left little doubt about what favor of retaining ROTC with some modi­ his passing. He was my friend, both fications. And some changes have been made they want, but what has remained largely in curriculum during the past year. The as a public servant and as man. My wife unknown are the views of the vast ma­ ROTC program has been entirely voluntary and I, together, I am sure, with all the jority of other students. On May 15, at MSU since 1962. Members of this House, would like to Michigan State University conducted a Retention on campus-and particularly convey to Mrs. Davis and all those who campuswide referendum which showed the continuance of credit courses-is impor­ loved Clifford Davis, our deep sense of that 85 percent of the students voting tant for the ROTC program which provides loss and grief. favored retention of their ROTC pro­ a large percentage of the officers for the U.S. grams in some form. While this peaceful armed forces. Since its beginning, the ROTC and orderly event did not attract front has provided an invaluable service to the nation in supplying the backbone for citi­ A WASHINGTON STAR EDITORIAL page headlines around the country, it zen-officer leadership of the armed forces. clearly has broad significance for under­ A few firebrands have made it clear they ON PRESIDENT NIXON standing the true feelings of all our are out to undermine this leadership with students. anti-ROTC activities and at a time when HON. JAMESJ. HOWARD In a timely and plain-speaking edi­ the leadership provided through the . pro­ torial on June 12, 1970, the State Journal gram is urgently needed. OF NEW JERSEY of Lansing discusses the meaning of this They failed at MSU in spite of the noise IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES referendum and I commend it to the at­ and intimidation. The majority made its Monday, June 15, 1970 opinion known. It is good for all Michigan tention of my colleagues: residents to know this and remember it. Mr. HOWARD. Mr. Speaker, the [From the State Journal, June 12, 1970] The militants will be back again to con­ Washington Star supported President LOUD MILITANTS GET THE ANSWER AT MSU tinue to demonstrate their contempt forma­ Nixon in the 1968 campaign and has ap­ Now that the smoke and furor has sim­ jority opinion, the democratic process or proved of most of his actions since he mered down a bit concerning the Reserve anyone who disagrees with them. was elected to office. It is for that reason Officers Training Corps at Michigan State that its lead editorial in yesterday's University, it's a good time for students, fac­ ulty and indeed all Michigan residents to newspaper, which is entitled "Who Was take a good second look at events of the past Planning To Bring Us Together?" is all STATEMENT IN HONOR OF THE the more significant. few weeks. LATE HONORABLE CL~ORD Throughout the nation determined bands DAVIS This editorial, which openly questions of militants this year and in past years has the methods the President is using-or regularly started anti-ROTC crusades on the even more importantly-not using, to various campuses. MSU has been no excep­ HON. FRANK A. STUBBLEFIELD unite the American people, should be tion. read by everyone. It shows, not that the During April such a group started the OF KENTUCKY IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES President is being repudiated by his own campaign at the East Lansing campus de­ supporters, but that many of those sup­ manding that ROTC be abolished at MSU. Monday, June 15, 1970 On May 1, a mob of youths, estimated at porters feel he is not taking the proper about 200, and some of whom were not stu­ Mr. STUBBLEFIELD. Mr. Speaker, path toward "bringing us together." dents at MSU, went on a rampage, causing Clifford Davis was a great American and I believe the mood in the Nation at extensive damage to Demonstration Hall, a loyal and effective representative of the this time is one of anticipation; antici­ headquarters of ROTC on campus, as well as interests of Memphis, Tenn., and of all pation of the President's response to the a. number of other buildings. Several MSU the people who live and work in the Mis­ growing polarization of the population. police officers were injured trying to bring the roaming vandals under control. sissippi Valley. He was a poor boy born The great majority of the people are not On May 15 a campus-wide referendum was in the State of Mississippi who worked radicals of either the right or left, but held to determine views of students, faculty his way through college and eventually continued ovations to the radical right and adininistrators and clerical staff at MSU earned a law degree from Memphis State will drive many moderates into the folds on the ROTC question and some other issues. University. He practiced law in Mem­ of a radical disfavored and growing The result of that referendum showed that phis, becoming a municipal court judge segment. 85 per cent of the more than 8, 700 students and then vice mayor and public safety The President must realize that the who voted favored retention of the ROTC commissioner before he was elected to program at MSU in one form or another. right to dissent must be one of our most The percentage of faculty, administrators Congress in a special election in 1940. He cherished freedoms. Some have ques­ and clerical workers (4,600) who voted fav­ ably served in the House of Representa­ tioned his acceptance of this tenet. Now orably on ROTC was even higher. tives for 25 years. He was a member of that his own supporters are publicly The student vote was divided on the ques­ the House Committee on Public Works questioning or, at least, thinking aloud tion of whether ROTC should be continued and the Armed Services Committee. in doubtful tones about his actions, the with academic credit and those opposed to Especially in the former capacity, as President must begin to realize that the academic credit had a slim majority. chairman of the Subcommittee on Flood majority of the dissenters, like his sup- 19788 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1970 porters, do not wish to destroy this to foster it, to seek political profit in the advice easy to follow. At the same time, there country, but rather to make it better. ugly mood of a frightened, conservative elec­ are a good many sound and thoughtful men \ The open questioning by the Star rep­ torate. The adxninistration has yielded to around the President who are urging him this temptllition in a number of ways, and '" in to take the high road at the crossing just resents a significant development the that fact is the blackest mark on its current ahead. The signs are that a major debate political history of the current adminis­ report card and an evil omen for the future. on this entire strategic issue is taking place tration. It is wrong for Mr. Nixon to have per­ in the White House, and that Mr. Nixon The editorial follows: Initted his Vice President, in one demagogic understands the problem and recognizes its WHO WAS PLANNING To BRING Us TOGETHER? outburst after another, to haxnmer dividing importance. wedges ever deeper between the poor and the Who can say what his decision will be? The country is moving rapidly into serious comfortable, the young and the old, the in­ domestic danger, and President Nixon's re­ His detractors, in the inner-ear of their imag­ tellectuals and the yahoos, the disaffected ination, think they hear echoes of some­ sponse will determine the quality of our so­ and the true red-white-and-blue believers. ciety for a very long time. thing called the "old Nixon," and expect True, the President himself has refrained him in the crunch to "revert to type" and There cannot be much doubt as to the from making such speeches, but that is not source of the threat. It is not the lunatic opt for shortterm political expediency. good enough. Spiro Agnew has taken over We expect something else of the President. left, not the radical fringe of campus revo­ as the voice of the administration in this lutionaries. Much as they would like to tear We hope and believe he will move, soon and most sensitive area, and Mr. Nixon's silence forcefully, to a strategy of national unity things apart, great as the damage they are is implied approval. doing us may be, the United States will not which will secure for him a respected place It is wrong for Mr. Nixon to entertain in history. All of us-politicians, especially, in our time succumb to their sort of revo­ construction workers in the Oval Room lution. perhaps-have episodes in our past, which, shortly after construction workers have as we grow older and humbler, we want to Tile trouble today may be coming from the roughed up dissenting students-and to ac­ left, but the danger is on the right. A na­ live down. Mr. Nixon can have no further cept one of their symbolic hard hats for his ambition than to be a good President. He tion like ours will allow itself to be frustrated own head. The President need not, of course, just so far, and no further, by a dissident must know that there is only one way a good repudiate supporters of his position. What President can answer the question that con­ Ininority. There are signs that this limit is is he trying to tell us, however, when he fronts him now. being fast approached. If the people on the singles out this particular type of support left push too hard, they will certainly be for publicized favors? put down. They know it--indeed, they ex­ It is wrong for Mr. Nixon, at a time of pect and welcome the inevitable repression, growing unrest, to sound off against the because it is out of such reaction, and the "bums" on college campuses. Of course, there ACCENTUATE THE POSITIVE accompanying loss of faith in the capacity of are bums in the colleges, and no doubt they free men to govern themselves, that real account for much campus violence. But Mr. revolutions grow. Nixon's rambling, extemporaneous outburst HON. ED FOREMAN Tile baCklash, of course, is already under­ seemed to make bums out of college students OF NEW MEXICO way. Club-swinging hard-hats, George Wal­ in general. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lace's vote, literal and widespread hatred These may seem trivial examples. Perhaps of college troublemakers revealed in the they are. But the sum of the indictment is Monday, June 15, 1970 polls-these are outriders, the banners and that it is wrong for this administration, in Mr. FOREMAN. Mr. Speaker, if we trumpet blasts, of a powerful political force the critical situation that is developing, to were to listen to, and heed, some of waiting to move. And the confrontation that fish for votes in the troubled waters of what is developing is not merely between the ex­ Stewart Alsop calls the "rancid right." And the cynics of today's society, it would be treme right and the extreme left. The mod­ no one who has watched the Washington easy to slip into a mood of pessimism and erate center, on which every functioning so­ scene closely during the past year or so can gloom. Quite the contrary, however, I ciety depends, is being forced to choose sides doubt that some important elements of the believe there is just too much that is as the pressure mounts. Every excess on administration have been doing precisely good about our people, and wonderful either side produces an escalated response that. about our great country, to accept a tale on the other. Tile moral tone of American society is In short, the divisiveness of the country of woe and pessimism. I refuse to accept greatly infiuenced by the White House, above the view that America is chronically sick today is reaching intolerable levels. We are all by the style of the President himself. Mr. not too far from tearing ourselves apart, and Nixon will bear heavy personal responsibility and unsound. it will take skillful, sensitive and effective for the way the American people handle I am confident that the American leadership to prevent us from doing so. themselves in the next few years-for society has the vitality, the purpose, and What is the likelihood that the country whether our society pulls itself together or the courage to resolve this time of Will get that leadership from Mr. Nixon? tears apart at the seams. He must see to it troubles-and, out of adversity, ·forge a The performance of his adxninistration up that his administration stops catering to stronger nation, even more responsive to now-we say it sadly-does not offer much our darker political instincts; that it stops to the needs and aspirations of people encouragement. We supported Mr. Nixon in scratching the itches of frustration and im­ his election. In our view he is dealing ration­ patience already inflaming those who agree everyWhere. ally with most of the specific problems con­ with him, while it simultaneously reinforces The thoughts expressed in the follow­ fronting him. He is trying to get us out of the alienation of those who do not agree. ing graduation day speech by Eric A. Vietnam as quickly as possible, without leav­ But Mr. Nixon must do more than that. Walker, president of Pennsylvania State ing . behind a shambles; he is moving in a A President must lead-and the greater the University, are appropriate reflections generally reasonable way to bring the econ­ danger and difficulty of the times, the for us today. I believe this is a good ex­ omy under control; he is Wisely concentrat­ stronger must his leadership be. Mr. Nixon ample of how to accentuate the positive. ing on an effort to make effective a host of himself must speak out to re-establish an The speech follows: existing social programs, rather than plung­ atmosphere of tolerance and mutual faith ing into new, blue-sky experiments. Many of in the country. He must find a way to bring TO THE 1970 GRADUATES his problems are intractable. He is dealing to his public appearances the intelligent con­ Ladies and Gentlemen of the graduating with them, we think, as well as could rea­ cern that informs his private talk. He must class, no one has more pq-ide in your ac­ sonably be expected of anyone occupying the appeal to the belief that most Americans re­ complishment than the elder generation. But office. tain, and all can develop, in the workability I am not going to tell that older generation But the key goal that Mr. Nixon set him­ of our democratic system and its unique how bright you are. Nor am I going to say self when he took over the government in adaptability to peaceful change. He must we have made a mess of things and that you 1968 was to bring us together. The question prove to the dissenters that their voices are are the hope of mankind. today is not whether he has succeeded in heard; that their ideals and conscientious I would like to reverse the process. For doing that. Obviously he has not. The ques­ yearnings are understood and are incorpo­ if you will look over into the bleachers, I tion is whether he has tried. rated in the national aspiration for a better will re-introduce you to some of the most The record, so far, is a dismal one. The tomorrow. He must remind his not-so-silent remarkable people ever to walk the earth, issue here is not the so-called Southern majority friends that these outrageous peo­ people you Inight want to thank on this strategy. It is nOit the President's reported ple with their new, impractical ideas are their graduation day-your parents and grand­ desire to govern on the basis of a moderate­ children and brothers; that the American parents. m.a.jority consensus, avoiding entanglement system made them what they are. He must Let me tell you about them. with minorities. Such leanings are well restore the confidence of all of us in our These--your parents and grandparents-­ within the ethical ballpark and are not in­ ability, together, to work our way through are the people who within just five decades consistent with his expressed determination these hard times. have by their work increased your life ex­ to unify the nation. No-the issue, quite It will be difficult for Mr. Nixon to set him­ pectancy by approxim8!tely 50 percent and simply, is the extent to which this admin­ self this course. No doubt he is getting plenty who, while cutting the working day by a istration shows itself tempted, not to resist of advice to the contrary, and the polls in­ third, have more than doubled per capita a polarization of public opinion, but instead dicating his present popularity make such output. June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19789

These are the people who have given you point th~t man's knowledge of himself of the Nation. I believe it would be very a healthier world than they found. And be­ has progressed at a snail's pace in com­ educational' for all who would read it. cause of this you no longer have to fear parison to his knowledge of the physical Therefore, Mr. Speaker, I include the epidemics of flu, typhus, diptheria, smallpox, editorial in the RECORD at this point: scarlet fever, measles or mumps that they universe. knew in their youth. And the dreaded polio As a result there has been a trend to ENERGY PROBLEM is no longer a. medical factor, while tubercu­ downgrade technology and science. We An unprecedented demand for low-cost losis is almost unheard of. have shifted away from investment in energy is sweeping our country and satis­ Let me remind you that these remarkable basic research at all levels. This policy is fying that demand already is imposing people lived through history's greatest de­ a shortsighted one based on bad reason­ great responsibility on our energy resources­ pression. Many of these people know what ing and even worse arguments. coal, oil, gas and nuclear. Since coal reserves it is to be really poor, what it is to be hun­ The study of man is the product of make up our Nation's primary energy gry and cold. And because of this, they de­ source-at least twice the recoverable re­ termined it would not happen to you, that wealth and leisure. In times when man's serves of all other fuels combined-major you would have a. better life; you would have total energy and time was devoted to the research should now be under way to insure food to eat, milk to drink, vitamins to nour­ basics of survival he had no effective ca­ that our coal reserves are used most effec­ ish you; a warm home, better schools and pacity for abstract thought. It was only tively, including their conversion into gas­ greater opportunities to succeed than they when his productive capacity increased eous and liquid fuels. had. to the point where a surplus was possible The difficulty of meeting our energy needs Because they gave you the best, you are that he could develop cities and care for in the years ahead is compounded by the the tallest, healthiest, brightest, and prob­ philosophers. growing concern about pollution. Every large ably best looking generation to inhabit the metropolitan area has set standards limit­ land. If we do not heed the lesson of history ing sulfur oxides emissions and most of them And because of them, you will work fewer we may very shortly find ourselves in a are being tightened. Very little of the coal hours learn more, have more leisure time, situation where all our time and energy mined east of the Mississippi River can meet travel to more distant places, and have more is again devoted to simple survival-at the pre~>ent standards and when the tighter of a chance to follow your life's ambition. least by the scale we use to measure regulations go into effect, virtually none of They are the people who fought man's necessities. this coal will be suitable for power genera­ grisliest war. They are the people who de­ Energy consumption has been the key tion. feated the tyranny of Hitler, and who when to the high productivity of Americans. It As a. result of the stringent sulfur stand­ it was all over had the compassion to spend ards, utilities along the East Coast have billions of dollars to help their former accounts for our abundant standard of accelerated their switch to gas and low­ enemies rebuild their homelands. living and ample amounts of leisure time. sulfur residual oil. Some 85% of the residual It was representatives of these two gen­ Yet our commitment to supply the oil consumed along the East Coast comes erations, who through the highest court of energy needs of the future is diminish­ from overseas and an increasing volume the land, fought racial discrimination at ing at the very time when it is needed from the eastern hemisphere. Thus our every turn to begin a. new era in civil rights. most-when we need to further increase highly industrialized Northeast is rapidly They built thousands of high schools, our productivity. becoming dependent on the eastern hemi­ trained and hired tens of thousands of bet­ sphere for energy-and at the risk of our ter teachers, and at the same time made Our attention to the pollution of our national security. News resports emphasize higher education a very real possibility for environment is also threatening the Na­ the trouble that could erupt in that area. millions of youngsters-where once it was tion's capability to meet power needs. The The switch to other fuels does not solve only the dream of a. wealthy few. pollution of our air, water, and land is a the long-range energy problem, it only shifts And they made a start--although a late serious problem. It is a pressing problem. it to other fuels. Domestic supplies of gas one-in healing the scars of the earth and But I contend that improving the are limited and steps already have been in fighting pollution and the destruction of quality of our environment and supply­ taken to import large volumes of liquefied our na.tural environment. They set into mo­ natural gas. Also, the supply of low-sulfur tion new laws giving conservation new mean­ ing adequate power to the Nation's con­ sumers are not at odds. Science and foreign oil can be cut off in a national emer­ ing, and setting aside land for you and your gency. Further, it is not good business to children to enjoy for generations to come. technology offer us the tools and means burn residual oil at 45¢ per million Btu when While they have done all these things, to attack the problems of our environ­ coal is available at 24 to 26¢ at many cit:.es they have had some failures. They have not ment while assuring us of continuing in the interior. yet found an alternative for war, nor for high standards of living. As a. long-range solution to the energy racial hate. In problem, it would be logical to divert funds Perhaps you, the members of this gradu­ considering which energy resources should be used to furnish low-cost en­ to the perfection of sulfur-removed processes ating class, will perfect the social mecha­ now being tested or under development for nisms by which all men may follow their ergy, we must not neglect national se­ curity. Yet that is what we are doing power plants, and to the development of ambitions without the threat of force-so the magnetohydrodynamics method of gen­ that the earth w1ll no longer need police when we substitute foreign low sulfur erating electricity. Aside from offering the to enforce the laws, nor armies to prevent residual fuel oil for domestic energy potential of more efficient generation, this some men from trespassing against others. resources. We have plentiful domestic method has great potential in pollution con­ But they-these older generations-made power resources. My district, the State trol and also requires a minimum of water. more progress by the sweat of their brows of Wyoming, has more than enough coal Development of the MHD method would add than in any previous era, and don't you for­ in great flexibility in locating new generating get it. If your generation can make as much and petroleum the form of oil and oil shale to supply the Nation's energy needs stations. progress in as many areas as these two gen­ Federal funds for research and develop­ erations have, you should be able to solve for decades and even hundreds of years. a good many of the world's remaining ills. It must, however, be developed. It can ment in the energy industry is greatly out of balance now. The level of research in coal It is my hope and I know the hope of only be developed through an expansion utilization, for example, is far below that these generations, that you find the answer of research and development. for nuclear power. A realignment of funds to many of these problems that plague man­ I think it is time we reorient our pri­ could contribute greatly to the development kind. orities and our values. I think we can of new technology that would insure the But it won't be easy. And you won't do have both a healthy environment and most effective use of our vast coal resources it by negative thoughts, nor by tearing down adequate supplies of low-cost energy. and at the same time enhance our national or belittling. security. You may and can do it by hard work, But to do so will require a fundamental humility, hope and faith in mankind. shift of many of our values. Shifting to Try it. new values will require enlightened leadership--a quality too often lacking BALTIC STATES FREEDOM DAY ENERGY-A KEY TO KNOWLEDGE among our leaders today. One aspect of the problem I have out­ HON. JAMESJ.HOWARD lined is very well defined in an editorial OF NEW JERSEY HON. JOHN WOLD in the April 1970 issue of Coal Age. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF WYOMING Written by Alfred E. Flowers, the publi­ Monday, June 15, 1970 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cation's editor, the article gives a pene­ trating analysis of the problem and Mr. HOWARD. Mr. Speaker, we are Monday, June 15, 1970 makes a compelling argument for ex­ today, once again reminded of those who Mr. WOLD. Mr. Speaker, much has panding the level of research so we can have been subjugated by the Soviet Union been made in the past few years of the more fully utilize the vast coal resources into positions of slavery. Today is Baltic 19790 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS ·June 15, 1970 Nations Freedom Day, the 30th anniver­ nounced the membership of the Com­ North Judson, an escapee from the Chain sary of the deportation of thousands of mission on Population Growth and of Lakes Youth Camp at Albion, who was citizens of Estonia, Latvia, and Lith­ America's Future. I believe that this being pursued by state police when the col­ uania, by the Soviets in an effort to Commission can and will be one of the lision occurred in the parking lot of Miller's destroy these three independent nations, most significant in our history. For the Mart, East Lincolnway. The truck driver before striking the squ ad which had so briefly tasted the joys of first time we have given a Government car collided with a car driven by Robert true freedom. agency responsibility for providing the O'Dell, 23, Dyer, and struck three guard rails. These efforts to destroy the sense of information necessary to develop a much O'Dell, his passenger, Patricia A. Connell, nationality, of cultural and ethnic unity needed national growth policy. 19, Lankenau Hall, and Miller were all treat ed of these nations continues to this day. Because of the importance of this at PMH for minor injuries and released, police Under the circumstances, I believe it is Commission, I am particularly pleased said. appropriate that we be reminded to these that the President has appointed an out­ Miller escaped from the youth camp about 3:30 p.m. Saturday and stole a 1969 truck lllt struggles, and renew our efforts and standing college student to the Com­ Albion, state police said. hopes that these three small nations will mission. Certainly, youth should be rep­ Sgt Richard Block observed Miller driving once again have the freedom they so resented in a body whose study and rec­ left of center on U.S. 421, south of Westville richly deserve, and so earnestly desire. ommendations are likely to have a far­ and attempted to halt the vehicle. I am insertin.g. in an effort to bring reaching impact on American life in Miller did not stop and turned west at t he this to the attention of my colleagues, corning decades. LaPorte-Porter county line on CR BOOS and House Concurrent Resolution 416, which As chairman of the House Republican traveled to Ind. 2 in Porter county. He ran was passed without dissenting vote in Conference, I take patricular pride in one roadblock on Ind. 2 and hit the O'Dell the appointment of Stephen L. Salyer of vehicle head-on, went through the guard both the House and Senate during the posts into Miller's parking lot and hit the 89th Congress. I believe it is appropriate Cincinnati, a sophomore at Davidson squad car. today to reaffirm our belief in the goals College, to the Commission. Steve Salyer Officer Hanaway, on patrol in the area ob­ of this legislation. The text follows: served with distinction last summer as served the speeding truck traveling on Ind. 2. H. CoN. RES. 416 an intern with the House Republican He pulled the squad car into the parking lot, Whereas the subjection of peoples to alien Conference and the House Republican observed several by-standers and realizing subjugation, domination, and exploitation Research Committee, chaired by the the truck was out of control, headed for the constitutes a denial of fundamental human gentleman from Ohio (Mr. TAFT). Those group of people. The officer drove the squad rights, is contrary to the Charter of the of us who worked with him are confident car between the truck and the crowd. United Nations, and is an impediment to the Chief Lee E. Miller said the officer's act ion that he will be a productive and saved someone from possible death by the promotion of world peace and cooperation; thoughtful Commission member. careening truck. and Clearly, President Nixon recognizes Whereas all peoples have the right to self­ The escapee was serving a sentence at the the contribution our youth can make to camp for second degree burglary in North determination; by virtue of that right they ilnportant policymaking bodies and I Judson, pollee said. freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social, cultural, commend him for the excellent selec­ The escapee will probably be returned to and religious development; and tions he has made to the Commission on the ca.mp, according to reports. He was being Whereas the Baltic peoples of Estonia, Population Growth and America's held ln Porter County jail this morning. Latvia, and Lithuania have been forcibly Future. Damages were set at $3,450, police said. deprived of these rights by the Government of the Soviet Union; and Whereas the Government of the Soviet HEROIC POLICE OFFICER Union, through a program of deportations THE ALTERNATIVE and resettlement of peoples, continues in its effort to change the ethnic character of the HON. EARL F. LANDGREBE HON. WILLIAM J. SCHERLE populations of the Baltic States; and OF :INDIANA OF IOWA Whereas it has been the firm and consistent IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES policy of the Government of the United IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Monday, June 15, 1970 States to support the aspirations of Baltic Monday, June 15, 1970 peoples for self-determination and national Mr. LANDGREBE. Mr. Speaker, I independence; and Mr. SCHERLE. Mr. Speaker, amid the Whereas there exist many historical, cul­ wish to draw the attention of my col­ leagues in the Congress to an heroic deed bedlam of student protest raised against tural, and family ties between the peoples of the brutality and insensitivity of the es­ the Baltic States and the American people: of a police officer in my hometown of Be it Valparaiso, Ind. tablishment, especially law-enforcement officials, it is refreshing to hear a quiet Resolved by the House of Representatives Last month, Officer Richard A. Hana­ (the Senate concurring), That the House of way, 25, suffered injuries, but saved sev­ voice of dissent from the dissenters. A Representatives of the United States urged eral bystanders from possible injury student who represents a different point the President of the United States- when he drove his squad car between of view wrote the following letter to the (a) to direct the attention of world opin­ a truck that was out of control and a Daily Iowan, newspaper of the Univer­ ion at the United Nations and at other group of people. sity of Iowa, to register his protest appropriate international forums and by such against the common misunderstanding means as he deems appropriate, to the denial The officer had been pursuing a truck of police actions and the popular dis­ of the rights of self-determination for the that was driven by an escapee from the trust of the police themselves. peoples of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, and Indiana Reformatory. The letter follows: (b) to bring the force of world opinion to This brave action on the part of this bear on behalf of the restoration of these young officer is to be commended and THE ALTERNATIVE rights to the Baltic peoples. saluted, and I wish to congratulate him A new wave of hatred against law enforce­ Passed the House of Representatives ment officials has arisen in the past few June 21, 1965. on his courage as an officer and his con­ weeks. The death of the four Kent students Attest: RALPH R. ROBERTS, cern for the safety of the people in his was indeed tragic. But has anyone stopped Clerk. community. to consider what might have happened if At this point in the RECORD, I insert a the pollee had not fired? newspaper article that appeared in the Let us remember that a large crowd was PRESIDENT NIXON NAMES A STU­ Vidette-Messenger of May 18, 1970, de­ advancing upon a small group of guardsmen DENT TO THE NATIONAL COM­ scribing the event: and throwing rocks, bricks and other lethal weapons. There are unconfirmed reports of MISSION ON POPULATION POLICEMAN INJURED As HE HALTS ESCAPEE GROWTH AND AMERICA'S FUTURE sniper fire; medical evidence indicates that A Valparaiso pollee officer, injured Satur­ at least one of the four was slain by other day in a collision, is credited with saving sev­ than a military rifle; and confiscated weap­ HON. JOHN B. ANDERSON eral by-standers from possible injury when ons indicated that a sizeable number of per­ he drove his squad car between an erratically OF ILLINOIS sons in the crowd may have been armed. driven truck and a group o:t: people. I! the guardsmen had not kept the crowd IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Officer Richard A. Hanaway, 25, of 1904 Chi­ away by firing when they did, 1s it not pos­ Monday, June 15, 1970 cago, suffered ch~t and a.rm injuries and sible that there could have been a bloodbath was in fair condition today at Porter Me­ in which hundreds o:t: students and/or Mr. ANDERSON of IDinois. Mr. moriaJ. hospital. guardsmen were killed or injured? Speaker on June 4, President Nixon an- Driver of the truck was Paul Miller, 21, If we want more humane law enforcement, June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19791 one thing is clear: the way to bring it about Enforcement Academy and the creation of mula of receipts derived from the sale is not to abuse the police. Without a doubt, departments of police science at the univer­ and use of the natural resources on na­ the recent anti-pollee demonstrations and sities. tional forest lands. Under the present epithets are a major reason for the resent­ 4. Work for the active recruitment of ment many policemen feel for demonstrators. blacks and other minority groups in the law, the Forest Service pays 25 percent In a perfect society it might be possible police force, especially to serve in their own of all such receipts to the State to be to eliminate the police forces; but ours is neighborhoods. spent on schools and roads in the coun­ far from perfect because human nature is 5. Work for better police-community rela­ ties where the forests are situated. far from perfect. Only an anarchist would tions programs, so that policemen and other Thei.ie payments are intended to com­ deny that some form of police force is community residents will better understand pensate the counties for the loss of tax necessary. and appreciate each other's problems. revenue resulting from the Federal Crime is a threat to everyone, not just to Liberals and law-and-order types alike policemen. It is just as much a violation of have good reason to support these programs. ownership of these forest lands. Unfor­ one's rights to be murdered by a criminal For they should eliminate many real and tunately, the size of the payment to a as to be wrongfully slain by a policeman. imagined grievances against the police, and county is dependent upon the amount As we see our crime rate rising so rapidly­ they should produce more efficient law en­ of commercial activity the Forest Serv­ crime rose 131 per cent in the last decade forcement as well. ice decides to undertake in a particular while the population rose only 13 per cent­ Before I conclude, I'd like to present a few forest. If the Service decides to cut down it is obvious that to abolish our police forces awards to some of the star performers of the on timber sales in a forest for any num­ would only invite chaos. past few weeks: Rather than reacting blindly with slogans The Adolph Hitler Award for Peace goes ber of reasons, the local county suffers like "kill the pigs," we might take a sym­ to all those neo-Nazi types who blocked an unexpected revenue loss. pathetic look at the policeman and his streets, broke windows, looted stores, threw My bill, therefore, would protect coun­ problems, and then ask ourselves how we bricks at car drivers, ravaged Old Capitol, ties against this revenue loss by guar­ can improve the quality of law enforcement. vandalized ROTC students' cars and waged a anteeing them a payment of $0.25 per His pay: an Iowa City policeman starts campaign of terror on this campus to deny acre, limited to one-third of the State at $6,672 per year and ca-n expect to advance the majority their right to learn in a.n or­ receipts, if the Service decides to re­ to $7,368 per year by the time he is ready derly university. All those who participated­ to retire. leaders, followers and dupes alike--may share duce timber sales in a particular forest Job requirements: he is on call 24 hours a this award, but special recognition goes to within the State. day; his working conditions are whatever those who wore "nonviolence" buttons. the weather conditions and wherever he is The Howard Bowen Award for Moral Cour­ needed; one principal hazard of the job is age goes to President Willard Boyd for can­ the fact that one out of every eight police­ celling Governor's Day and letting students ADDRESS DELIVERED BY CON­ men is violently assaulted each year. But opt out of school. One can readily appreciate GRESSMAN DAVID PRYOR OF he is required to be fresh and alert, cool and his desire to a void violence, and one can ARKANSAS AT THE CONGRES­ calm, no matter how many nights he has understand why he took the easy way out. been awake. · But in the long run he did not prevent vio­ SIONAL PAGE GRADUATION CERE­ He's expected to know the law and not lence; he only postponed it and encouraged it. MONY JUNE 8, 1970 violate anyone's rights, to know how to For each time the radicals were permitted handle individuals and groups, to apply first to stop activities and get away with it--the aid, to handle a firearm, help children, en­ Pershing Rifles drill meet, the awards cere­ HON. JOHN M. SLACK gage in self-defense, direct · traffic and a mony, Governor's Day, etc.-they became OF WEST VIRGINIA host of other things. He must be able to talk emboldened. President Boyd's message to the tough to the criminal and be civil around a radicals is tragically loud and clear: "If you IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES civll person; and he often has little way of don't like something, the best way to in­ Monday, June 15, 1970 knowing what kind of person he is dealing fluence me is to break the law and threaten with. He is, in short, expected to be a lawyer, to burn down the town.'' And you can bet Mr. SLACK. Mr. Speaker, 1 week ago doctor, psychologist, sociologist, marksman, the radicals heard it! The result, I fear, will tonight on Monday, June 8, the 26 mem-. outdoorsman, public relations man and law be much more violence next time. bers of the Capitol Page School class of enforcement official all in one. What if the ROTC students had taken to 1970 received their diplomas in the Ways In addition, he must accept the fact that the streets to protest the cancellation? We and Means Committee Chamber. The he's not going to be too popular among cer­ might have had Governor's Day after all! ceremony took place with the traditional tain people. Whether or not he personally We can all be thankful that the gentlemen has committed any wrongs, he must endure of ROTC are too civilized to stoop to dignity which has always marked that an incredible amount of abuse. He must keep such antics. event. I had the pleasure to be present cool amid taunts of "pig," "fascist" and And the Foxcraft Swinker Award for Jour­ and the honor to sponsor one of the grad­ "murderer," to name only a few printable nalistic Integrity goes to whatever DI staffer uating seniors. Because of his having epithets, not to mention the sullen glare of put the half-page, bold-type statement in served as a House page some years ago, the ordinary citizen who is stopped for speed­ the Wednesday, May 6, DI that "In memory the boys invited Congressman DAVID ing. of: The Kent State Dead, The Cambodian PRYOR of Arkansas to be their com­ And his training for all this responsibility: War Dead, The Vietnam War Dead, The four weeks at the Iowa Law Enforcement American Dead ... The University of Iowa mencement speaker. I am submitting Academy. is closed today." The fact is, the University Congressman PRYoR•s remarks to the If we could require all police officers to have was not closed that day and most classes were graduates because I feel that they were a Ph.D. in sociology, law psychology or some held as usual; but some students were un­ inspiring to them and to their families related field (or better yet, open a Depart­ doubtedly misled into thinking that Presi­ and friends who came from across the ment of Police Science at the University), dent Boyd had cancelled classes. country to be present that night. I am the quality of law enforcement officers would Where do The Daily Iowan personnel, a also including the names of these fine undoubtedly improve. But consider for a group of non-elected students, think they young men who as our pages have served moment: how many of us, upon graduation get the authory to close the University? from college, would take a job that makes us in the Congress so well: Maybe Jerry Sies told them they could. William R. Anderson, Eric Louis An­ such demands, imposes such risks and pays JoHN ALLEN EmsMEE. no more than a common laborer's wages? To scheutz, Raul Cleofas Blanco, Danny R. attract Ph. D.'s to the police profession, we'd Day, James Phillip DiMeglio, Gerard F. have to give them a starting salary of around Gerhring, Frank Stephen Gordon, Mi­ $20,000 a year. A BILL TO ALTER THE REVENUE­ chael Gorss, Robert C. Henry, Ralph If we are really concerned about improv­ SHARING FORMULA OF NATION­ Everett Hood, Kim Joel Hughes, Kenneth ing the quality of law enforcement and are AL FOREST RECEIPTS not merely using the Kent incident to in­ Randall Jackson, and William David flame passions against President Nixon, we Kiser. might stop throwing rocks and instead· try HON. ODIN LANGEN Forrest Wayne Lacy, Edward Joseph the following steps: OF MINNESOTA Leonard, Stephen Frank Lowndes, Den­ 1. Try to genuininely understand the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nis Michael Miller, Lowell Vincent Muse, policeman, appreciate his role in society, and Daniel F. O'Reilly, Sammy I. Paradice, understand his llmltations. Monday, June 15, 1970 2 ..... Work for higher pay for police officers, Dennis John Phillips, Russell William so the poUce profession can attract more Mr. LANGEN. Mr. Speaker, I have Royal, Philip Leonard Tannenbaum, competent personnel. today introduced legislation which Clifford H. Tutelian, Karl Kuldrian 3. Work for expansion ot the Iowa Law :w-ould change the revenue-sharing for- Warner, and Walter Robert Weiss. \ 19792 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1970 ADDRESS DEL'IVERED BY CONGRESSMAN DAVID nitude. It is something else to work to cor­ PuBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF NUCLEAR POWER: PRYOR, OF ARKANSAS, AT THE CONGRESSIONAL rect those evils. CURRENT NEEDS AND THE SHAPE OF THINGS PAGE GRADUATION CEREMONY, JUNE 8, 1970 But when we look back at the decade of TO COME You do me a great and undeserved honor the 60's, we see it as a time when we found (By Commissioner James T. Ramey) the problems, accentuated our differences, tonight by inviting me to speak during your INTRODUCTION graduation exercises. I want you to know drew the battle lines-- that I am very grateful. I must admit that Race against race. Mr. Chairman, distinguished guests and I thought of a. thousand things which I Poor against rich. fellJOw members of the nuclear community. might say this evening, but each time I sat Urban against rural. It is always a pleasure to talk to the Atomic down to compose my thoughts, I was re­ Section against section. Industrial Forum, even if it is on public rela­ minded of the fourth-grade girl I recently And finally American against American. tions. read about who was assigned to write a short We all talked. No one listened. We became Looking at the surroundings here, I can essay on the life of Socrates. It consisted of polarized. I sometimes agree with Pogo: understand that a plain old public relations two lines: "Socrates went about giving peo­ "We have just met the enemy and they is us." man would have a hard time affording to ple advice-they killed him." Now, claiming Yes, we became our own worst enemy. We come here. I am impressed that some of you neither great wisdom nor yearning for an accentuated the negative. We became too have done so regardless; and I am also early demise, I shall be sparing in advice busy stereotyping each other and we some­ pleased that there are some engineering and to you tonight. times forgot: the odious act of Lamar does other types of vice presidents and presidents You have been a part of America's most not represent the South; the unspeakable around. unique school and also a. working part of violence and destruction of Newark is not Tonight I will try to develop a few the world's most unique form of government. the North; Oswald was not Dallas; Kent is thoughts about how we should approach Already, whether you believe it, or like not the National Guard. the matter of communicating with the pub­ it you are also a part of "THE SYSTEM" We consumed ourselves with each other's lic on nuclear power. As you ma.y know, I whlch in some quarters today is a somewhat wrongs--we forgot each other's rights. We have had a bit of experience in this regard, sinister word. You know its strengths, and exploited fea'fs--a seed of suspicion planted particularly in the last year or so. If one let's be honest--you also know some of its in just the right place, just the right time, were logical in this field (and this is difficult weaknesses. just the right way. Codewords became battle­ since it is an area so full of emotion) , we You know, for example, that the allega­ crys. Man against man-neighbor against could consider the different possible ap­ tions now being heaped upon it that it is neighbor. The sinew torn, the purpose dis­ proaches in terms of two or three categories: "too slow" to respond are in some instances sipated, the dreams shattered. Yes, we some­ ( 1) The first is what I describe as the pub­ too true. You know that sometimes it is how lost in the hysteria the admonition of lic relations approach. This involves mount­ sluggish, cumbersome, and prone to error. John F. Kennedy: "Let us not emphasize ing a "hard-sell" public relations program You and I both know that it is not perfect, our differences, but our common interests." which is designed to make the best of the but that it is a mere reflection of the human And if we continue down the same path, situation-regardless of how inadequate that character and the human condition. And we will defeat our strengths. We will frag­ situation might be. In other words, one says most importantly, I hope you know that it ment our purpose. We will scuttle our to the PR man: "This is a sorry old lily. Gild will and must be YOU and YOUR genera­ dreams. it the best way you oan." (Judging from tion who care enough to make it better, re­ It will be you in this room tonight who your reaction, I gather some of you are fam­ discover and redefine its purposes, re­ will make us come together, reason together iliar with this approach.) Obviously this establish its goals and chart its future course. and walk together. It will be you in this method of doing business has its problems, we commonly refer to an event such as room who are saying and will continue say­ and I'll have more to say about it later. this as "commencement" or a beginning. ing "let's try, before it is too late." It will (2) Now our second option I refer to as Also I hope we could think of this evening be you who will answer Webster by saying, the quality assurance approach. This means as a.' Dedication ... a dedication by you and "We did indeed, in our generation, perform that the utility does a good job of planning, me, by all of us, to the basic concept that something worthy to be remembered" and design, construction, and operation in ac­ man IS capable of governing himself and chisel it deeply and surely in the stones of cordance with the high standards of qual­ that we somehow will find the wisdom to history. More love than hate; more wisdom ity which nuclear plants require, having faith pass this concept of self-government on to than wrath. No two societies in America can­ that the public understanding end of things future generations. not exist. There cannot be a North and a will take care of itself. I must say that I For, today, that concept is being chal­ South, a rural and an urban, a bla-ck and a have some sympathy with this approach. But lenged. We see its fibre tested. We see its white. There cannot be a super-rich and a since some of you seem to be turning a bit super-poor, a well and a sick, a full and a pale, let me hasten to add that I do not survival doubted. We see some of its no­ hungry. bility tarnished. We seem, at least momen­ think this approach is entirely adequate. tarily to have "lost our way." America is one. That is its purpose. That (3) And that leads us to the third pos­ Yes: it ls our greatest time of testing. must be its promise. America must not be a sibility wh!ch is a sort of combination of the But I am confident that you will be a par­ memory; America must be a hope. first two-it blends a thorough job of the ticipant in the great cause of meeting that There is a long and uncertain road ahead. quality assurance approach with a first-rate test. We must walk it together, step by step, mile job of responsible public information. Crises is not new to us. This nation was by mile. I will have a little more to say on these conceived in crises. For 180 years, we as a Not only do we honor you tonight and points later. thank you, but. most importantly, in you people, as a nation, have never been removed AEO positive role in public information from the throes of crises. Famine, pestilence, we place our hope and faith. disease, war, civil strife, depression. But, Before I get to my logical analysts of these somehow, the deep and strong foundations approaches let me mention a bit of what have resisted its adversaries. The anvil has AEC has been up to for the last year. As most AEC COMMISSIONER RAMEY DIS­ of you know, the Commission has, since last outlasted the hammers and our basic prem­ spring, been engaged in a concerted effort to ises remain intact. CUSSES FUTURE OF NUCLEAR It has not been an easy road. It has not POWER improve public understanding of our pro­ been a road for the fainthearted or the quib­ grams, with great emphasis on civilian nu­ bler; and tomorrow promises to be no easier. clear power. HON. JOE L. EVINS In connection with this effort we have As Robert Frost has said, we do have done a number of things. The Commission­ "promises to keep" and miles to go before OF TENNESSEE ers have begun speaking out to a greater ex­ we sleep. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tent on the grerut demands for electric power, I remember vividly some of those long and we have pointed to the advantages which afternoons 19 years ago, when I too sat on Monday, June 15, 1970 nuclear power offers.1 - 5 In addition, we have the page bench looking over the Speaker's Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speak­ emphasized that nuclear power can, in fact, chair to see chiseled in stone for the first contribute to environmental improvement time those words of Webster: er Commissioner James T. Ramey of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission recent­ since nuclear power avoids smoke pollution, "Let us see whether we in our own genera­ and we have made the point that we regard tion may not perform something worthy to ly delivered a most informative address ourselves as strong supporters of a clean be remembel'ed:' entitled "Public Understanding of Nu­ environment. Yes, a. very noble part of America is per­ clear Power: Current Needs and the And we have been doing more than just sonified in this room tonight. It is the ex­ Shape of Things to Come." making speeches. We assigned overall re­ citement of youth anticipating a challenge, The speech was made before a meet­ sponsibility for environmental ma.tters to hoping, but yet just a. little nervous _about ing held by the Atomic Industrial Forum our Assistant General Manager, Howard being called into battle . . . the desrre to Brown, and then established an organization create, produce and to· construct. in Los Angeles, Calif., and because of t~e interest of my colleagues and the Amen­ within the Commission to provide a central You and I know that it is simple enough to point of contact on environmental affairs. "flail away" at all the accumulated evils of can people in this most important sub­ Joe DiNunno, whom many of you have met, ma.nkind. It is easy enough to raise false ject, I place the address by Co~issioner hopes or false fears-both sins of equal mag- Ramey in the RECORD herewith: Footnotes at end of article. June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19793 is the new Special Assistant to the General information on the Oa.lvert Cliffs, Maryland, Quality assurance Manager for Environmental Affairs. Joe, nuclear project may have backfired. We all know that the utility has the basic working with Howard, is strengthening all In all honesty, I must say, however, that responsibility for assuring the safe siting, the Commission's efforts in this area. He is we get very fair treatment from most of design, construction, and operation of a nu­ improving coordination among them and the science writers who understand our pro­ clear power plant. Consequently, the utilities pointing up areas where additional measures grams and have enough background to real­ must themselves take the necessary measures will be beneficial. And, of course, John Har­ ize what the problems are and what we are to ensure that their suppliers and construc­ ris, Ed Stokely, Joe Fouchard and their asso­ trying to do. tors carry out adequate site selection and ciates have been doing a first-rate job in pro­ Problems "within the family" quality assurance programs in the design viding public information assistance. Certainly it is apparent that we have our and construction of the plant. Experience all The environmental effort draws heavily on problems with the press-magazines, news­ but guarantees that deficiencies will occur the talents of just about every one of our papers, television networks and the like. But unless effective quality assurance is applied many technical divisions and laboratories. So you would think we wouldn't have these throughout all phases .from inception to I can assure you that a great deal of effort is problems with the nuclear "trade press," operation in service. going into the Commission's activities in be­ people who follow us on a day-to-day basis. Because such deficiencies in the past have half of nuclear power, and these efforts will And I am talking now about Nucleonics been identified sufficiently early to take cor­ continue. It might be of interest to you that Week, Nuclear Industry, INFO and Nuclear rective action, they have not resulted in the Commission has in recent years been News. safety problems. But many have been cost­ spending about $70 mlllion a year on en­ I must report, with some sadness, that ly--often very costly in time and money. It vironmental research, and has requested there are problems with these publications, seems scarcely necessary to remind this aud­ about this same amount for fiscal year 1971. too. I think, really, there are two reasons: ience that it may cost $1 million for every The public relations approach first, there is something innate in the jour­ month of delay in placing a 1000 MWe nu­ clear plant in service a.nd up to $4 m1llion Now in regard to the public relations ap­ nalist to seek out and emphasize points of proach, let me emphasize that any approach controversy, and I think I can understand for every month of down-time after that. with the press and the public is not easy. that though I don't like it. Second, I be­ We must also recognize that public under­ For example one of my first attempts at the lieve that a real effort is made by these trade standing and acceptance of nuclear power good fight was a foray with selected mem­ publications-and some of it may even be will be very strongly affected by the manner bers of the press sponsored by Connecticut subconscious-to show that they are com­ in which the large commitments to nuclear Yankee and Westinghouse at Haddam Neck, pletely independent of the AEC. power plants are met. The public under­ stands-and well understands-both a rec­ Connecticut, last May. My speech 6 was en­ In any event, these two elements result in ord of success and accomplishment and a titled "Nuclear Power-Facts Instead of Fic­ some distorted reporting that hasn't helped tion," and I sort of candidly pointed out to record o'f failure, and it is not incllned to the program and certainly hasn't helped in be tolerant of attempts to explain the lat­ the press a few of their errors. I received a understanding our environmental efforts and few good stories and a few not so good, but ter. Where nuclear plants come into opera­ confrontations. For example, in my opinion, tion on schedule and within costs, and de­ one headline sticks out in mind: "AEC Offi­ the original reports on the Vermont con­ cial Raps Press." liver electric power safely and reliably, such frontation were more pessimistic as to the accomplishments will help convey a powerful My further education with the press oc­ results of that AEC effort than the situation nuclear power message to the public. Con­ curred. during the beginning of the Joint warranted. The person whom Nucleonics versely, delays, cost overruns, and lack of Cominittee's environmental hearings 7 last Week quoted as saying the confrontation reliability carry an even louder message. November. A rather prominent story in The was a "disaster" for the nuclear side, epit­ Washington Post by its main science reporter omized for me the somewhat myopic pub­ SOME CURRENT PROBLEMS indicated that Chairman Nassikas of the lic relations approach to public information. Now let's talk about some of the current Federal Power Commission "in effect chal­ I am not going to go into any further de­ problems confronting the -atomic energy lenged the concept of complete federal con­ tail on specific instances, but I would hope community. Howard Brown will discuss in trol over nuclear power." The article inferred that we could look for better public under­ detail on Wednesday morning the AEC's that Chairman Nassikas was talking about standing on the part of all these journals at efforts and observations on the great en­ AEC's controversy with Minnesota over reg­ least in their environmental reporting. vironmental confrontation that hss been ulations of radioactive effluents. Here is what QUALITY ASSURANCE APPROACH going on, so I won't try to go into that in Chairman Nassikas had to say the next day any detail. However, I do have just a few with regard to the Post story: Now let me discuss for a few minutes the comments on some recent points that have "Whatever I may have stated yesterday in second approach I mentioned-the do-it­ been emphasized--especially matters which reply to questions or in my prepared. testi­ right or quality assurance approach. were covered in our multiple confrontations mony, I a.m. certain that no inference rea­ Now I a.m. encouraged by the growing rec­ during the JCAE hearings.13 I might add that sonably could be derived that I would in any ognition of the need for quality assurance. I these Joint Committee hearings, under the way suggest taking away from the Atomie sense that various exhortations s-10 by me, leadership of Chairman Chet Holifield and Energy Commission its established powers Milt Shaw and others and the issuance of Craig Hosmer, should do much to put en­ over the areas of radiological effects in re­ the Commission's revised regulations 11 in vironmental hazards of power plants-nu­ lation to safety and health." this area have had a lot to do with this. But clear and fossil-in proper perspective. The Post dutifully buried the correction given the problems we face, there is need for In my Argonne speech last July, I made in the last paragraph of a not-so-prominent even more emphasis; there continues to be the point that our critics really should be story the following day. · need for better understanding that quality approching matters more from the stand­ That same day I testified at the environ­ assurance is essential to safety and reliabil­ ards-making viewpoint, rather than challeng­ mental hearings, and in response to a ques­ ity, and that the costs are small when com­ ing specific issues in particular cases.u I tion I described the nature of the opposi­ pared to those that result from an inade­ didn't realize how fast this recommendation tion "stirrer-uppers" to nuclear power. quate program. I hope you will carry this would be taken up by Messrs. Gofman, Tam­ After my testimony I stopped. and chatted message back to your top associates. plin, and others! But I do believe it is the with a reporter for The New York Times, Management know-how proper approach to consider the adequacy and we talked at greater length about the Utility management-both at top and mid­ of standards themselves rather than debate current wave of antagonism toward nuclear dle levels-must be knowledgeable in nuclear individual cases. But Gofman, Tamplin, and power and other aspects of the atomic en­ technologly. The unique characteristics of their allies are doing it both ways and are ergy program. He seemed genuinely inter­ nuclear power, associated safety considera­ violating one of the cardinal principles o'f ested, and I gave him a forthright rundown tions, and the need for reliable power gener­ scientific endeavor by not subjecting their on the situation as I saw it, including evi­ ation make it imperative that management conclusions to the normal review by their dences of "coal dust" here and there. What have the knowledge and the competence to scientific peers. Instead they are trying their happened? The next day the Times had a meet its responsibilities-in plant siting, case in the press and other public forums. small headline which read: "AEC Official Sees procurement, engineering, construction, op­ We used to call such characters "Opera Plot to Destroy Atomic Energy." eration, and environmental effects. The need Stars." There are far too many instances of this for at least a working knowledge in these I do believe we are making some progress sort of inaccurate or sensational reporting in areas does not stop at the intermediate and with the scientific community by dint of the news media--so many, in fact, that I am lower levels of the organization. considerable effort. A good example is the beginning to think that Vice President Agnew testimony of Dr. Abrahamson of the Uni­ may be right! At ::my rate, perhaps we may Staff competence versity of Minnesota and Dr. Radford of have been a little too self-righteous even The utility must also acquire the trained Johns Hopkins during Part Two of the Joint though we were providing the facts as we engineers to meet ito needs. They must have Committee hearings. They indicated they saw them. Certainly what was interpreted as the understanding, ability, and experience, had learned a great deal since the earlier a hard sell approach by the utility in pur­ not only to handle design and construction, Vermont and Minnesota discussions. In­ but also operating and maintenance prob­ chasing full page ads to provide accurate cidentally, they each made the point that lems. I discussed in detail the problems of had the AEC and the utilities and reactor developing such staff competence in the suppliers made available scientific data on Footnotes at end of article. October 28, 1968 issue of Electrical World.12 radioactive effluents to them and to their CXVI--1248-Part 15 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1970 \ 19794 } colleagues earlier-and this particularly ap­ with respect to :finding suitable sites for their established. This Council is headed by Rus­ plies to information on tritium-then much generating !aciUties. For some time, I have sell Train, former Under Secretary of Inte­ of the travail might have been avoided. been convinced that we need some new or rior, who has been quoted as saying his i Dr. Abrahamson, in his testimony, dis­ improved planning and coordinating mecha­ group plans an early review of the AEC's li­ cussed the history of the tritium argument nisms for the siting of power plants. As many censing process. Earlier, the President had \ in Minnesota, and added and I quote: of you know, the federal Interagency Power established a Cabinet-level Environmental ' "If we then had available the information Plant Siting Group, of which I am a member, Quality Council, with himself as Chairman on tritium which is contained in Phase One has been working in this area.17 We should and the Vice President and six Cabinet offi­ of the hearing reports, much of this would be issuing another report soon. cers as members. have been clarified at the time." One of the things that has come out loud I think we can look forward to a continu­ I can assure you that the Commission dur­ and clear in our confrontations, and one of ing barrage of executive orders and legisla­ ing the intervening period has tried to make the recurring statements our Interagency tive proposals, many of which will directly Lw bio-medical data available on a more ex­ Group has heard, is that the utmties should affect those of you in the audience. You can peditious basis to the people in the Regula­ inform the public well in advance of con­ expect these from all levels of government. tory program and in licensing hearings and struction of its plans for power plant sites. In fact, the President's special Environ­ to the scientific community generally. As most of you know, the utllities tradition­ mental Message will go to the Congress I think the Minnesota and Joint Commit­ ally have not done this, in part because of tomorrow. tee discussions on AEC's dual promotional their concern over possible speculation and These proposals undoubtedly in time will and regul111tory responsib111ties also served increases in land values. It is encouraging to significantly influence the way energy and to show their advantages as well as that there note that utilities are increasingly accepting environmental matters are treated in this a.re a number of other agencies carrying on the idea of advance notice of their plans to country. For example, the Jackson bill can dual funotions. I emphasized th!lit at the the public. Northern States Power, for ex­ be interpreted to require the AEC to go staff level the functions are separate under ample, just came out with an announcement beyond radiation effects and to look at all the overall Commission umbrella, and that in this regard. environmental effects in the licensing of nu­ the two staffs even oper111te from separate I still believe that the best planning mech­ clear power plants. The Muskie bill (S. 7) locations.15 anism that can be provided in the near future providing for state certification as to water The overall management problem as I are the regiona.l power supply councils es­ quality standards on thermal effects as a explained is to be sure that there is sufficient tablished voluntarily in cooperation with the condition of AEC construction permits and interaction so that research and develop­ Federal Power Commission. These councils Corps of Engineer fossil plant permits will ment data can be oriented to meet regulatory should be expanded and upgraded to include undoubtedly be enacted. needs, and that regulatory needs can be consideration on environmental matters and Then, too, we can expect to continue to made known to the R&D people. We do have consultations with conservation and other hear talk of setting up a single federal agency a coordinating mechanism for bringing these groups concerned with such environmental to handle all energy development and per­ people together at the top level through a matters. They should also provide for public haps environmental matters. As many of you steering committee. But there is no oppor­ members on the councils and be open to may know, the Administration already has a tunity at this technical level for the develop­ representatives of the small and publicly committee, chaired by Mr. Ashe of Litton ment people to get involved in any par· owned utilities.IB Industries, looking at how the government ticula.r power reactor licensing application. For the longer term, we will probably need is organized to carry out its functions. I think we are making some progress otl some additional legislation to establish a There will, of course, be further considera­ other issues, including bringing to the at­ proper framework for a coordinated planning tion in the years ahead a.s to whether the tention of the people the problem of increas­ effort. dual function of the AEC will be continued, ing requirements for electric power. This Within the framework of the AEC's regula­ or whether in the next 10 years or so there point was e~phasized in testimony by Dr. tory program, the desirability of early con­ will be some further separation of the AEC's Lee DuBridge, the President's Science Ad­ sideration of proposed nuclear plant sites has regulatory responsibility. viser, ·and John Nassikas, Chairman of FPC, been recognized. Applicants for construction I think we must come to grips with what as well as in speeches by the AEC Commis­ perxnits can request the Commission to con­ I refer to as the Minnesota problem-the ~ioners, but the true impact of the "energy sider the suitability of a proposed site sep­ question of state versus federal jurisdiction crisis" has yet to be impressed upon the arately from, and prior to, other questions in the control of radioactive e11luents. The public. Maybe we will have to endure some relating to the project.18 Last year the In­ public interest will not be served by a con­ more brownouts and blackouts before this ternal Study Group designated by the AEC filet between the various concerned govern­ point is understood. I hope not. to examine the licensing program recom­ mental groups. We should be working in co­ Although we have made some progress with mended several alternative means to make operation, not at odds, with each other. the scientific community, we have made less earlier regulatory decisions on applications.20 We will have to do a lot of thinking and with our non-scientific antagonists-the As one alternative, the Study Group recom­ studying on matters beyond radiation safety "ragtag" stirrer-uppers such as Larry Bogart mended that regulatory determinations on and e11luent control. I would not be surprised and others who use high school debating the matter of site suitability be made earlier if we did not even find ourselves drawing up techniques which are sometimes surprisingly than at present. criteria which would relate to the esthetics effective. They seem most vulnerable when As a planning mechanism, the early site of nuclear power plants. asked what alternatives they might suggest hearing or hearings have great merit in that As you can see, I am afraid we are headed to meet the increased needs for electric all basic environmental problems could be for a rather turbulent period. What does this power. Some like Bogart at the Senate ap­ worked out and decisions reached before the mean, then, in terms of public relations and propriations hearings last fall talk about utility expends any significant amounts on understanding? Obviously, we are going to some far-out alternatives, such as MHD or construction. Furthermore, the public could have to do much better in communicating harnessing the Gulf Stream, or using solar be heard and site related matters, including with the public.22 We will have to show energy, or even tidal power.16 One :finds also impact on the environment, could be dealt through our words, and more importantly by a certain softness by them in relation to coal with before construction began, thus elim­ our actions, that we indeed are performing a and fossil sources, and some obtuseness as to inating a present source of alleged public useful function in a responsible way with the air pollution problems of these com­ aggravation with AEC regulatory proce­ the public interest foremost in our minds. petitive sources. I believe the ridiculous posi­ dures.21 When I think of all the really great ad­ tion of these fellows could be made more THE SHAPE OF THINGS TO COME vances which are being made as a result of evident. Now let's take a look at the future. For the peaceful uses of atoxnic energy-which do To an increasing extent, I think we are those of you who have felt that the last year not get comparable publicity to our alleged going to see student involvement in environ­ has been a turbulent one, let me predict that hazards-! could almost cry or cry out! It is mental matters. For example, I understand a things are going to get tougher before they indeed ironical that the great surge to nu­ meeting has been scheduled for early April get better. And, of course, they are going to clear power was in part because it was free in the Midwest-under sponsorship of the get tougher for fossil plants a.s well, as ex­ of air pollution and was the :first industry to ANS and an affiliated student group-for a emplified by the recent Southern California be safely regulated from its inception. discussion of the environmental implications experience where oil and even gas-fired power I have faith that in due course the public of nuclear power. Students from :five Mid­ plants have been turned down. will come to understand this. But it will re­ western States have been invited. This will There is no doubt that the '70s are des­ quire effort. I believe that conferences such be a good opportunity to get across some tined to be the decade of the environment. as this sponsored by the Forum and its par­ points in advance of the nationwide "teach­ The President, in his State of the Union tioipants should be of great help in this in" that will be held later in April at many message, has called for the most comprehen­ effort. Programs such as the GE regional sem­ universities. sive program in the environmental field in inars and Westinghouse's environment school THE NEED FOR GREATER PLANNING AND COORDI­ the nation's history. Passage of the National should also help. I look forward to finding NATION IN SITE SELECTION Environmental Policy Act of 1969, spear­ out more about industry effort during this There is no doubt that many utilities in headed by Senator Henry Jackson, was an­ conference. this country will be having greater difficulty other indication of growing concern and CONCLUSION activity. Under this law the three-man In closing, let me emphasize two points. Footnotes at end of article. Council on Environmental Quality was F'irst, when we think of the three options June 15, 1970 . EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS available to us in dealing with the public, Society, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, November bondage, in political and mental slavery we need to concentrate on a strong quality 2, 1966. to oppressive governments. assurance approach supported by a first-rate U"AEC Provides Additional Guidance on Let us also remember this day that the public relations effort. Quallty Assurance for Nuclear Plants," AEC human spirit can never be totally fet­ The second point I want to stress is this: Public Announcement M-94, April 17, 1969. tered. Man's soul is in love with free­ Utility management must have adequate 12 "Will Utility Management Have Needed Nucelar Know-How?," article by Commis­ dom and will always pursue it. planning and it must take into account at is every stage the importance of public opinion sioner James T. Ramey, ELECTRICAL Therefore, it our duty in America, and ·conduct its affairs accordingly. This WORLD, October 28, 1968. where the first great revolution for hu­ means, in practice, that lawyers and engi­ 13 See Reference 7 above. Also Part II of man rights began, to always act in such neers and board chairmen all will have to these JCAE Hearings, January 27, 28, 29, 30, a way that our example will be a beacon function as public information people. Now 1970 and February 24, 25, 26, 1970. to mankind everywhere. Through the I am not suggesting we can do without the u "Radiation Protection-Past, Present light we hold up high, through the poli­ PR "pros", but you pros need more help from and Future," remarks by Commissioner cies we pursue, oppressed men every­ upstairs than you have been getting. James T. Ramey at the Conference on "Uni­ where may take new hope and the life I will even compress the theme of my re­ versities, National Labor~tories, and Man's marks into a single sentence: Quality as­ Environment" Chicago, lllinois, July 28, of the world can move toward a new day surance must extend into every area of your 1969. (AEC Press Release 8-25-69). of liberty and justice. operation, including your public information 15 See Reference 7 above, pages 111-116, 136-139. pr~!a:~ not at all downcast about the out­ 16 Testimony of Larry Bogart, Allendale, look for nuclear power. Quite to the contrary. N.J., before the Subcommittee on Public LETTER TO THE EDITOR Nuclear power is a fact of life and I am con­ Works of the U.S. Senate Committee on Ap­ vinced the public will reach a point in time propriations, October 15, 1969. that they will not only embrace nuclear 11 "Considerations Affecting Steam Power HON. BILL D. BURLISON power-they will clamor for it. So through Plant Site Selection,'' A Report by the Presi­ OF MISSOURI this interim period we must retain our pa­ dent's Office of Science and Technology, Jan­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tience and our good humor-and do the best uary 1969. Monday, June 15, 1970 possible job in planning and building pla~ts 1s "Planning for Environmental Protection properly, running them right, and helpmg in the Siting of Nucelar and Fossil Powered Mr. BURLISON of Missouri. Mr. the public understand this new source of Plants,'' remarks by Commissioner James T. energy! Thank you very much. Speaker, the Agriculture Committee is Ramey before the Federal Bar Association, presently in the process of trying to write FOOTNOTES Atomic Energy Law Committee Seminar on an acceptable farm bill to bring to the 1"The Environment--and What To Do Possible New Issues in AEC Licensing Pro­ About It,'' remarks by Dr. Glenn T. Seaberg, ceedings: Antitrust and Environmental Ef­ floor. Much inaccurate and misleading Chairman, USAEC, at a meeting of the Na­ fects, Washington, D.C., October 15, 1969. material is being disseminated in the tional Academy of Sciences-National Re­ 19 10 CFR Part 2, Appendix A, I (e) . media with respect to the farm problem search Council Solid State Sciences Panel, 20 "Report to the Atomic Energy Commis­ and the farmers who are aided by the Argonne, lllinois, May 5, 1969. (AEC Press sion on the Reactor Licensing Program," by Government program. Release 8-14--69). the Internal Study Group, June 1969. (AEC A prominent constituent of mine, J. R. 2 "Nuclear Power: Benefits and Risks," re­ Press Release M-149). Hutchison, Jr., has responded to a recent marks by Commissioner James T. Ramey at 21 See Reference 18 above. article of the Wall Street Journal. For a Conference on Nuclear Power and the Pub­ 22 "Licensing and Environmental Consid­ the edification of my colleagues, I in­ lic, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, erations in Atomic Power Development: A Minnesota, October 11, 1969. Checklist,'' remarks by Commissioner James clude in the RECORD his letter to the edi­ a "Meeting the Energy Gap," remarks by T. Ramey at the Atomic Industrial Forum tor in response to that article, and also Commissioner Theos J. Thompson, USAEC, Workshop on Power Reactor Licensing at the article which prompted Mr. Hutchi­ at the Dedication of Nine Mile Point Nuclear Glen Cove, New York, June 30, 1969. son's response: Station, Oswego, New York, October 9, 1969. LETTER TO THE EDITOR (AEC Press Release 8-32-69). CARUTHERSVILLE, Mo., ~"Role of Nuclear Power in the Northwest,'' June 9, 1970. remarks by Commissioner Clarence E. Larsen, IN COMMEMORATION AND MEM­ DEAR Sm: Certainly W. R. Poage, Chairman USAEC, at the Convention of the Inland Em­ ORY OF THE 30TH ANNIVERSARY of the House Agriculture Committee, is one of pire Waterways Association, Richland, Wash­ the most informed persons in the United ington, October 13, 1969. (AEC Press Release OF THE INVASION OF THE BAL­ TIC STATES States on agriculture. Certainly he is a friend 8-33-69). of agriculture and certainly a patriot of his & Remarks by Wilfrid E. Johnson, Commis­ country. Nevertheless, his "irritation" re­ sioner, USAEC, at the Dedication of the HON. CHARLES A. YANIK garding the agriculture committee's vote Southwest Experimental Fast Oxide Reactor, may not be as completely founded in "real­ Fayetteville, Arkansas, May 7, 1969. (AEC OF OHIO ism" as you suggest. Press Release 8-17-69). IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Our current agricultural bill, our present 6 "Nuclear Power-Facts Instead of Fic­ Monday, June 15, 1970 administration's attitude and the majority tion,'' remarks by CommiSsioner James T. vote of Congress, particularly of the House Ramey at a briefing for news media at Con­ Mr. VANIK. Mr. Speaker, 30 years ago of Representatives, will to a large degree be necticut Yankee Nuclear Power Plant, Had­ today the Baltic Republics of Lithuania, based on politics rather than economics. dam Neck, Connecticut, June 2, 1969. (AEC Latvia, and Estonia were invaded and Most congressmen do not understand agri­ Press Release 8-19-69). occupied by the forces of the Soviet culture is the largest industry of the United 1 "Environmental Effects of Producing Elec­ Union. For three decades these three States and that when you economically tric Power,'' Hearings before the Joint Com­ handcuff it you will eventually pull out the mittee on Atomic Energy, Congress of United small but freedom-loving nations have pillars of support for the entire economy. States, Part I, October 28, 29, 30, 31 and been torn by the advancing and retreat­ While one politician may be trying to tie November 4, 5, 6, 7, 1969. ing foreign armies of fascism and com­ in a political-weiTare program into the eco­ s "Quality Assurance--An Essential for Safe munism, they have been subject to arm­ nomic structure of agricultural legislation and Economic Nuclear Power,'' remarks by ies of occupation and repression, to de­ another demagogic politician is knowledge­ Commissioner James T. Ramey before the portations and mass murders. ably handcuffing economic opportunities of American Power Conference, Chicago, llli­ increased technological advancements by nois, April 23, 1968. (AEC Press Release s- As representatives of one of the world's endeavoring to limit agriculturists in the 21-68). oldest and largest democracies, our amount of government support as though • "Providing for Public Safety in the Nu­ hearts go out to these Baltic peoples they were recipients of welfare. clear Industry-The Engineering Approach,'' who desire so deeply the independence Most nonagriculturists, such as yourself, remarks by Commissioner James T. Ramey and freedom which is the inalienable and most urbanites have no understanding before the National Academy of Engineering, right of men everywhere. of the agriculture program and could care Washington, D.C., May 1, 1969. (AEC Press On this sad anniversary, let us re­ less including some surprising members of Release 8-16-69). Congress. I would, however, expect the Edi­ 1o "AEC Views on Quality Assurance in The mind ourselvr::; again-as we must re­ tor of the Wall street Journal to be so well Civilian Reactor Program,'' remarks by Mil­ mind ourselves each day, really-how versed in the economics of our country as ton Shaw, Director, Division of Reactor De­ precious is the freedom and liberty of to advise by editorial the separation o! poli­ velopment & Technology, USAEC, 1966 man. Let us remind ourselves again that tics and of welfare payments from the eco­ Winter Meeting o! the American Nuclear throughout the world men are held in nomics of agricultural legislation. 19796 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1970 Certainly agriculture needs governmental ileged to share under our democratic adopted by Congress immediately, and a assistance to become more efficient, to sus­ system of government. postal reform package which included an tain confidence in its future markets for the purpose of procuring more efficient equip­ It is urged that the United States re­ additional 8-percent pay raise. ment, etc. It is not unlike any other industry new its efforts toward the restoration of The postal workers' strikes and nego­ affected by foreign trade in the United States. freedom and independence of these tiated agreement are milestones in Amer­ I suggest you enumerate an industry con­ courageous people who pin their hopes ican labor history. They spotlight a new nected with foreign trade in any way that is on us and the entire free world that they resolution on the part of public employ­ not subsidized by direct, indirect subsidies, may, once again, live in peace in their ees not to continue as victims of the Gov­ of these or quota limitations. I am con­ homeland. ernment's "benign neglect." They mark a fident you will not suggest negating your Let the United States take the lead in new attitude of recognition and negotia­ proposed standards. By their many number agriculturists are heeding the pleas of those whose rights tion in the public sector. unable to control their supply and need gov­ have been denied by Communist domina­ Mr. Speaker, the history of this prob­ ernment regulations. This governmental po­ tion. Let us maintain our greatness as lem is plain and tragic. Postal workers lice action and resultant subsidies are for the a nation by standing for freedom in the and the American public have suffered. benefit not only of agriculturists but for affairs of all nations. The Government has not treated the pos­ everyone. Agricultural subsidies are more tal worker fairly and for generations has consumer subsidies than any subsidy I know taken its postal employees for granted. of in any industry. It is the Government's duty to move Sincerely yours, CONGRESSMAN CHARLES H. WILSON J. R. HUTCHISON, Jr. URGES ms COLLEAGUES TO SUP­ swiftly to give the postal workers the PORT MEANINGFUL POSTAL RE­ overdue wages they so plainly deserve. [From the Wall Street Journal, June 8, 1970] FORM Consequently, ever since I have been in Congress, I have been a consistent sup­ REALISM ON THE FARMS porter of postal pay increases and have W. R. Poage, chairman of the House Agri­ HON. CHARLES H. WILSON supported postal reform. My efforts in culture Committee, is no foe of expensive OF CALIFORNIA farm programs; quite the contrary. He is, this Congress were no exception. I co­ however, much more realistic than some of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sponsored and supported H.R. 13000 in his colleagues. For close to a year Mr. Poage's Monday, June 15, 1970 committee and on the fioor of the Committee has been working with the Ad­ House-and this legislation would have ministration to shape a new farm program. Mr. CHARLES H. WILSON. Mr. been passed if the whole issue had not The result, unfortunately, has been the de­ Speaker, tomorrow, the House of Rep­ been snarled in the interminable battle velopment of a plan little different from the resentatives will begin consideration of over postal reform. one already in existence. legislation of significant historic import. While I continue to find postal reform To Mr. Poage's irritation, the committee The legislation I am referring to is H.R. laudable, the Nixon administration voted the other day to go even farther in the 17070, the bill to improve and modernize wrong direction, making the program st111 should not have insisted on its adoption more costly. In a statement the chairman the postal service. Indeed, the measure at the expense of the wage increases it voiced his objection: will reorganize the Post O:flice Depart­ owes to its postal workers. As you know, "This action leaves us with absolutely all ment into a completely new postal serv­ the administration finally agreed to sup­ of nothing, whereas the unamended bill ice. port, under pressure, the paltry 6-percent would certainly have given us a good part of I strongly support this legislation and raise which the Congress passed. something. I don't think it is fair to agri­ hope that the Members of Congress, in I believe this raise was an insult to culture to present a b111 to the floor simply to their wisdom, will adopt this bill. postal workers because it amounted to have it destroyed and agriculture dis­ credited." The House Post Office and Civil Serv­ only $375 per year on the average. Mr. Poage evidently realizes, as some of his ice Committee, of which I am proud to I particularly support three elements colleagues do not, that much of the public be a member, has labored long and dili­ of H.R. 17070 which must be retained if including many farmers, has become disen­ gently to produce a postal organization postal reform legislation is to have any chanted with programs that do relatively bill. We have labored under great pres­ meaning at all. These are: little for needy farm operators and a great sures and I believe that we have forged a First, the 8-percent pay raise ·retro­ deal for well-to-do farmers, most of whom workable solution to the postal crisis. active to April18, 1970; need no help. The chairman of our committee, the Second, the reduction in the time it The system just goes on and on, tightening Honorable THADDEUS J. DULSKI, should be takes the postal worker to reach the top regimentation of agriculture and increasing commended for his tireless efforts on be­ Federal outlays. As Mr. Poage knows, the step of his labor grade to 8 years rather public's unhappiness has seeped through to half of the citizens of our country who than 21 years--commonly referred to as many members of Congress, who sooner or have demanded postal reform. Chairman compression; and later are sure to rebel against plans that DuLsKI introduced H.R. 4 on January 3, Third, the establishment of an area merely call for more of the same. 1969, and commenced hearings on this wage system for postal employees. So Mr. Poage's pique surely is understand­ legislation on April 22, 1969. After 36 As I stated earlier, the administration able. It's high time for a great deal more days of hearings, 33 executive sessions, grudgingly agreed to support a pay raise realism on the farms. 1,516 pages of testimony, reports, anal­ earlier this year-and then only a 6-per­ yses, and four complete rewrites, we have cent raise. This raise was not enough. finally arrived at a point where a ma­ And every Member of this House knows jority of our committee is able to support it. H.R. 17070 includes an additional a­ FREEDOM FOR THE BALTIC a bill which, if adopted, will culminate STATES percent pay raise retroactive to April 18, in the meaningful and effective improve­ and again the administration is ob­ ment of the postal service. jecting. This raise, along with the HON. H. ALLEN SMITH As you all know, during this long earlier 6-percent raise, is long overdue. OF CALIFORNIA period of thoughtful deliberation, our The only argument that has been pl·e­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES postal employees grew impatient. Who sented against the retroactive 8-percent could fault their sentiment? Their im­ raise is a very curious one. It goes some­ Monday, June 15, 1970 patience stemmed from years of shoddy thing like this: The postal workers do Mr. SMITH of California. Mr. Speak­ treatment by their Government. Finally, not really want a retroactive pay raise. er, today marks the 30th anniversary of on March 18, 1970, they had had enough After all, the seven exclusive postal Communist enslavement of the Baltic and they chose to withhold their labor unions and the administration agreed countries of Lithuania, Latvia, and Es­ from the postal service so that they back on April16 that the pay raise would tonia. might highlight their grievances before not be effective until the day the pro­ America believes in freedom and self­ the American public. As a consequence posed legislation was enacted and the determination. For the millions of op­ of the work stoppage, the administration postal workers despera,tely want to keep pressed peoples in these countries there and the leaders of the seven exclusive the agreement between their union lead­ can be no rejoicing-no taking for postal unions formed an agreement ers and the administration even if it granted of the fundamental human which included a 6-percent pay raise means that needed money is being taken rights which we--in America-are priv- retroactive to January 1, 1970, to be out of their pockets. I June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS · 19797 Mr. Speaker, I find this hard to be­ years on the average; firefighters reach need for industrial wage differentials. It lieve. As sure as I am standing here, I their maximum in 3.5 years on the aver­ just is not equitable for a letter carrier lI believe that postal workers want and age-a far cry from the 21 years our to attempt to exist on the same pay in f should have their retroactive raise so postal workers must wait to achieve their New York City, with its high cost of liv­ that in a small way the postal workers maximum. ing, as a postman in an area in which the can be compensated for the length of The other side of the coin is, as I have cost of living is considerably lower. Even ! time they have been patiently waiting already stated, the low-salary level. The among major metropolitan areas, as for justice. I reiterate, especially in light Bureau of Labor Statistics estimated shown by the moderate budget estimates of today's galloping inflation, more than that a moderate standard of living for a I have already referred to, living costs 6 percent annually, this raise is still not family of four in Washington, D.C., re­ vary by almost $2,000-and if smaller enough. I would also like to remind the quired an income of $10,937-based on cities were included the range would be House once again that, along with the prices as they existed back in the first still greater. retroactive pay raise, H.R. 17070 reduces quarter of 1969. Today that amount is It should be pointed out that this is the time a postal employee must wait to at least $11,800 and is increasing day by not an attempt to discriminate against receive top of grade pay for his job. It day, thanks to Nixonomics. The top PFS any particular region of our country. I thus goes a long way toward alleviating a salary, after 21 years, is under $9,000. feel an area wage is fair to all. The post crucial grievance of the postal workers. I have felt strongly about this matter office workers' interests would be served Under present law, a postal worker has for a long time. In fact, I tried to add a and so would the interests of the citizens to wait 21 years before he can receive the "compression" amendment to the 6- of our country. As these statistics show, top level in his grade. This means that a percent pay bill which pa-ssed earlier this this area wage concept will benefit the postal carrier goes to work at a wage of year, but, unfortunately, it was not ac­ postal worker in Atlanta, Ga., or Dallas, $6,548 and aftet 21 years of service can cepted. I am certainly pleased that it is Tex., or Los Angeles, Calif., or Chicago, only expect to make a maximum of part of the legislation that is before the Ill., or New York, N.Y., on an equal basis. $8,946. This is outrageous. It never has House now. Mr. Speaker, this legislation offers a been justified with a straight face and Finally, after our postal employees re­ great deal more than the solutions to just certainly can no longer be condoned. ceive their justly due retroactive pay and the three issues I have discussed today, At the conclusion of this statement I no longer have to wait an unreasonable but I believe that these are most im­ have presented comparative statistics time to arrive st the top level of their mediately important to the postal worker. showing length of time required by police grade, I believe their pay must also reflect However, I want to make it clear that I patrolmen and firefighters to reach top the cost of living in the area in which generally support H.R. 17070 as it was of grade, plus a comparison between the they work. I, therefore, during the com­ reported out of the House Post Office and "Moderate Standard of Living Budget" mittee's deliberation on H.R. 17070, sug­ Civil Service Committee and hope that it prepared by the Bureau of Labor Sta­ gested an amendment to establish a wage will be enacted into law. Make no mistake tistics and the top salary of the PFS-5 area system. An amendment to this effect about it, it is not a perfect bill. There letter carrier. was adopted. is no such animal. We still have a long Just a brief look at these tables reveals As of now, every postal employee of the way to go but I feel that this bill is a the shocking lack of regard shown our same grade and seniority receives the significant step in the right direction. I postal employees. Comparisons made in same pay whatever the living costs may therefore request the support of my col­ 24 major cities show that police patrol­ be in the area in which he works. Pri­ leagues for H.R. 17070 as now written. men reach the top of their grade in 3.6 vate industry long has recognized the I include the following tabulation:

CHART I-MAXIMUM SALARIES IN 1969 AND YEARS OF PROGRESSION TO REACH MAXIMUM FOR LETTER CARRIERS AND FOR POLICE PATROLMEN IN MAJOR CITIES

Previous Most Current Years of Previous Most Current Years of maximum recent maximum progression maximum recent maximum progression City salary increase salary to maximum City salary increase salary to maximum

Indianapolis. ______$7,000 $300 $7, 300 12 San Francisco ______$9,564 $972 $10,536 3 Atlanta ______------______15 New York 2 ______Houston u ______7, 046 610 7, 656 9, 384 1, 041 10,425 13 6, 762 1,416 8, 178 13 Los Angeles ______9, 564 540 10,104 13 Seattle. ______Boston 2------­ 7,305 1,105 8,320 3 8, 400 1, 200 9, 600 2 ~~ Pittsburgh ~------7, 400 1, 300 8, 700 3 8, 088 1,200 9, 288 I 5 Cincinnati. _____ ------______727 8, 807 13 Milwaukee ______8, 080 ======7, 285 1, 940 9, 225 14 8, 700 500 9, 200 4 Baltimore~~1t~r:~~~~~--~~~ 2______------8,640 444 Washington, D.C ______Denver ______9, 084 5 8, 400 880 9, 280 t7 7, 752 1, 8, 760 14 8,934 492 12 Philadelphia 2______ggg SanCleveland. Diego ______------_ 9,426 7,429 8, 329 2 9, 432 468 9,900 3 St. Louis •------7, 670 611 8, 281 15 Detroit'------______8, 335 1, 965 10,300 12 7, 392 756 8,148 5 9, 000 1, 500 10,500 3~ {! ~=n~~-~~~~-~~~ ~ ======6, 888 588 7, 476 13 ~~~~e~:ttercarriiir·(======8, 520 426 8,946 21

1 Longevity increases are granted beyond the maximum salary. • Salaries shown for PFS-5 letter carriers are present maximum salary. 'Cities for which higher maximum salaries have already been announced. a Current maximum salary has been in effect for more than 1 year. Source: Salary surveys of Fraternal Order of Police (1968 and 1969); International City Managers' Association; and civil service or police departments of each of the cities.

CHART 2.-MAXIMUM SALARIES IN 1969 AND YEARS OF PROGRESSION TO REACH MAXIMUM FOR LETTER CARRIERS AND FOR FIREFIGHTERS IN MAJOR CITIES

Previous Most Current Years of Previous Most Current Years of maximum recent maximum progression maximum recent maximum progression City salary increase salary to maximum City salary increase salary to maximum

Kansas City, Mo ______Chicago 2______$7,044 $348 $7,392 3 $9,000 $1,500 $10,500 3~ Atlanta ______15 St. Louis ______7, 046 610 7,656 Detroit 2------8, 335 1, 965 10,300 14 7, 593 635 8,228 5 Los Angeles 2______9, 564 540 10,104 3 Denver------Boston ______7, 752 1, 008 8, 760 14 San Diego_------9,204 456 9,660 3 7,670 1,146 8, 816 3 Washington, D.C______8,400 880 9,280 17 8,640 444 9, 084 5 Pittsburgh ______Baltimore 2_ ------Milwaukee ______7,400 1, 800 9,200 3 Buffalo'------7,285 1,940 9, 225 14 8, 510 400 8,910 4 Minneapolis ___ ------8, 088 1,200 9,288 15 Cincinnati._------8,080 727 8,807 13 Philadelphia 2 ______SeattleCleveland ______------8,864 562 9,426 12 7,429 900 8,329 2 8,400 1, 200 Houston 2______New York 2 ______9,600 2~ 6, 762 1,416 8,178 13 9,348 1, 041 10,425 13 Dallas ______13 San Francisco ______6,888 588 7,476 9,564 972 10,536 3 Indianapolis_------6, 600 100 6, 700 12 PFS-5 letter carriers 3______8, 520 426 8,946 21

I Longevity increases are aranted beyond the maximum salary. Source: Salary surveys of the International Association of Fire Fighters (1968 and 1969) Inter· 'Cities for which higher maximum salaries have already been announced. national City Manaaers Association; and the civil service or fire departments of each of the cities. •Salaries shown for PFS-5 letter carriers are present maximum salary. \ ( 19798 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1970 CHART 3-FAMJLY BUDGET COSTS FOR A MODERATE President of the United States to direct Enclosed you will also find a copy of H. STANDARD OF LIVING IN MAJOR METROPOLITAN AREAS world opinion to the denial of the rights Con. Res. 416, unanimously adopted by the j IN 1969, AND MAXIMUM ANNUAL SALARY OF LETTER of self-determination for the Baltic House and the Senate, which calls for free­ CARRIERS States and urged restoration of their dom for Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia. In PFS- 5 carrier after 21 years: rights. your rem~rks please urge the U.S. Presi­ Present______------$8, 946 dent to implement this very important leg­ Budget costs in major metropolitan areas: Inasmuch as today marks the 30th year islation by bringing the issue of the libera­ Houston, Tex______9, 235 of the brutal invasion by the U.S.S.R. of Dallas, Tex______9, 305 tion of the Baltic States to the Unit ed Atlanta, Ga ______9, 327 these three once great and independent Nations. Baltimore, Md ______9, 716 nations, I invite the attention of my col­ Would you be kind enough to insert H. leagues in the Congress to the words of Con. Res. 416 in the Congressional Record, bi~~i~~~~~Kansas City: b~fo.-i!lfitan areas ______10~~,; 3~~l06 The resolution reads as follows: to us in this crusade to free the Baltic Mmneapohs-St. Paul, Mmn ______10,386 Washington, D.C______10, 397 H. CON. RES. 416 St ates. Thank you. Chicago, Ill., northwestern ln~iana ______10, 430 Whereas the subjection of peoples to alien Los Angeles, Long Beach, Cahf ______10,457 subjugation, domination, and exploitation With kindest personal wishes and regards, constitutes a denial of fundamental human Sincerely, Seattle~~~~~~~e.o~\~== Everett, Wash======______10,576~~ : ~~ rights, is contrary to the Charter of the LEONARD VALIUKAS, United Nations, and is an impediment to the President, Executive Committee. San~~~~~~; Francisco, ~3~5======Oakland , Calif______11,008~~: ~~~ promotion of world peace and cooperation; New York, northeastern New Jersey ______11,174 and Whereas all peoples have the right to self­ Source: "3 Standards of living for an Urban Family of 4 NEGOTIATING WITH COMMUNISTS Persons, Spring 1967," U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Updated determination; by virtue of that right they to 1st quarter of 1969. freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social, cultural, and religious development; and HON. LOUIS C. WYMAN Whereas the Baltic peoples of Estonia, Lat­ OF NEW HAMPSHIRE FOCUS ON THE BALTIC COUNTRIES via, and Lithuania have been forcibly de­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ESTONIA-LATVIA-LITHUANIA prived of these rights by the Government of the Soviet Union; and Monday, June 15, 1970 Whereas the Government of the Soviet Mr. WYMAN. Mr. Speaker, we always HON. SAMUEL N. FRIEDEL Union, through a program of deportations seem to come out on the short end when OF MARYLAND and resettlement of peoples, continues in its it comes to negotiating with Commu­ efforts to change the ethnic character of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES populations of the Baltic States; and nists to end conflicts they started. The Monday, June 15, 1970 Whereas it has been the firm and consist­ concessions-meaningful ones that is­ ent policy of the Government of the United always seem to come from us, starting Mr. FRIEDEL. Mr. Speaker, over the States to support the aspirations of Baltic right off with where the meetings are years this historic Chamber has been the peoples for self-determin ation and national held. scene where our distinguished colleagues independence; and As the following interesting editorial speak on vital topics. We have been Whereas there exist many historical, cul­ appearing a while back in the Manches­ stirred by eloquent words when they tural, and fa'lnily ties between the peoples of ter, N.H., Union-Leader indicates, Mr. pointed with pride to some accomplish­ the Baltic States and the American people: Be it George Naum, a former official U.S. ment or viewed with alarm some prob­ R esolv ed by t h e House of Repr esentatives photographer who covered the Korean lems. (the Senate concurring), That the House of peace negotiations reports that the site Today, I wish to speak about a tragic Representatives of the United Stat es urge of Kaesong-inside enemy territory­ event that took place 30 years ago. I do the President of the United States- caused us to proceed there with white so for several good reasons. First and (a) to direct the attention of world opin­ :fiags flying. This was the wrong way to foremost,. because we all feel a kinship ion at the United Nations and at other ap­ start out. And as Mr. Naum so well points with our fellow human beings and com­ propriate international forums and by such means as he deems appropriate, to the denial out, Helsinki is not much better for miserate with those who have been hurt, of t he rights of self-determination for the SALT, another location chosen by the injured, unjustly deprived of their God­ peoples of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, Communists. given freedom or been murdered. and Whether at Paris or Helsinki, negotia­ The event I recall today is the sad 30th (b) to bring the force of world opinion to tions ought to be required to develop anniversary when the people of Lithu­ bear on behalf of the restoration of these some meaningful concessions from the ania, Latvia, and Estonia-all Baltic na­ rights to the Baltic peoples. enemy within a designated time limit, or tions lost their freedom and independ­ Passed by the House of Representatives June 21, 1965. the delay can only operate prejudicially ence. The hordes of Soviets invaded to the United States. It is unlikely that those countries during June 1940, and Attest: RALPH R. ROBERTS. Clerk. concessions will be made unless it is to enslaved their populations and started the enemy's advantage to make them, a vicious process of deportation, exter­ AMERICANS FOR CONGRESSIONAL which means he must be facing serious mination, and annihilation. These gen­ ACTION To FREE THE BALTIC STATES, losses if hostilities continue. To date this ocidal operations continued unabated Los Angeles, June 5, 1970. has not been the situation, and in the with the result that one-fourth of the Hon. SAMUEL N. FRIEDEL, presently prevailing atmosphere in the entire population of these once proud House Office Bui lding, Washington, D.C. u_ .. ited States, including such develop­ and independent nations are now lost. ments as the grossly distorted "Amend­ If ever there were people that deserved MY DEAR REPRESENTATIVE: The Baltic peo­ ples have been suffering in the Soviet captiv­ ment To End the War" proposed by cer­ the tributes of mankind, it is the men ity for 30 years. Lithuania, Latvia and Es­ tain U.S. Senators, there is bound to be and women of Lithuania, Latvia, and tonia lost their freedom and independence even less inducement to negotiate. After Estonia who have, and are, waging an when the Soviets invaded and occupied these all, why should the Communists make intensive fight for their freedom. We three peace-loving countries on June 15, concessions if the United States is going should not forget them. 1940. to withdraw under fire anyway? The United States has absolutely re­ In a little more than one week the U.S. The editorial follows: fused to recognize the unlawful seizure Congress will mark this sad anniversary. I and forced "incorporation" of these na­ kindly ask you to take part in this sorrow­ WHITE FLAGS OF SURRENDER tions by the Communists into the Union ful commemoration in the House. Enclosed I recently got to thinking about what of Soviet Socialist Republics. you wlll find a copy of a two-page essay former Ambassador Taylor had to say about prepared by us on the question of the Baltic conceding a point to the Communists and On June 21, 1963, House Concurrent States. This will serve you as a good source about the meeting in Helsinki, a location Resolution 416 was adopted. It urged the for your remarks. picked out by the Communists. June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19799 I had the opportunity of covering the in­ solescence and rottenness of our society course, and the interdiction of objective dis­ itial meeting of the Korean peace talks and institutions," engage in only so much cussion of certain problems that they have (July 10, 1951). Now, at that time, the UN vilification and slandering of our lead­ increasingly tolerated. forces (mostly us) had stopped cold the I write from the vantage point of a uni­ much heralded spring offensive by nearly ers, and toss out only so many suggestions versity-Yale-that has by and large kept its 500,000 Chinese "volunteers" and North Ko­ that tragic but aberrant events like head. Violence and disruption are not a reg­ reans. The Communists needed a "time out" those of Kent State and Jackson, Miss., ular feature of our lives. No Nobel Prize­ and needed it badly. They were on the represent an incipient state of repres­ winner has been forcibly denied access to his ropes. General Ridgeway was running them sion or fascism and rampages, trash­ laboratory, as was Dr. Isador Rabi at Colum­ northward so fast they would have been ings, rioting, and bombings are likely to bia recently. There has been only one sig­ pushed back to the Yalu River in a short be the result. nificant seizure of a building, and that last time. If Professor Bickel is correct, then fall and very brief. Students were more or less Peace feelers were sent out by the enemy on strike for a few weeks this spring, but through diplomatic channels. more harsh and repressive laws, more many parts of the university continued nor­ They needed that breather! menacing rhetoric from Government offi­ mally in session just the same, and all parts Our military people had suggested the cials, and more interventions of police were open. No students will receive credit for meeting take place on board a Danish (neu­ and National Guard forces on the cam­ work that has not been evaluated. tral) ship in Wanson Harbor (enemy terri­ puses will not restore peace and order Since the move into Cambodia, numerous tory). This would have permitted the mili­ to our universities. In fact, they will students have put all they have of dedica­ tary action to continue-something like a have the opposite effect by providing tion, energy and talent-and they have football game being played wit h the talks breathtaking much-into political action. symbolic reinforcement and confirma­ They have organized a lobbying effort and being held on the sidelines. tion of already exaggerated fears and Well, this wasn't acceptable to the enemy. executed it soberly and with high intelli­ Imagine! suspicions. Rather, the responsibility for gence. They have committed themselves to the nitty-gritty work of campaigning this The State Department finally agreed to the restoring order, sanity, and civility to· enemy•s proposal to meet in Kaesong. Score the universities rests with the academic summer and fall. And at the law school, they community itself. have labored day and night over legal mem­ one point for the Communists! oranda. dealing with the constitutional di­ The convoy we traveled in was held up for This means first of all, that it must vision of war-making power between Presi­ better light so the Communist movie cam­ develop and strictly enforce its own in­ dent and Congress. eramen could get better pictures of all ternal mechanisms of discipline and or­ Yet here is what happened at Yale in the vehicles fiying white fiags (Surrender!). Score der; society will not long forbear an in­ weeks immediately before. Some blacks, mem­ another point for the enemy! stitution which allows itself to be used bers of the Panther Party, including Bobby The whole world knows what happened as a staging area for violent attacks on Seale, the party's chairman, are under arrest after that. At least, people should remem­ in New Haven, charged with murder. The ber. the very hand that feeds it. But more important it must clean up and restore trial has not yet begun. Preliminary motions The talks dragged on until, finally, an are being heard and decided. So much of agreement was reached two years later a semblance of reason, balance, and per­ the evidence as has emerged in the course (July 27, 1953). I think it just about killed spective to its own discourse and rhetoric. of these preliminary hearings indicates that the chief UN negotiator, Admiral C. Turner For it is angry, exaggerated, hyper-pas­ a brutal murder has indeed been committed. Joy. sionate words and habits of mind which While the accused are of course to be Now we have the Paris peace talks. Months breed deeds of violence and destructive pr~sumed innocent, the state has made out dragged by trying to agree on the size and nihilism. enough of a case against them to obtain an shape of the table! We who are charged with making the indictment, and to convince a judge to hold You know, people should realize by now all but one of them without ball, as in a that these North Koreans, Chinese and Viet laws of the land have the responsibility capital case he may. Two of the accused have Cong are sharper than any riverboat gam­ to exhibit an extra measure of forbear­ pleaded guilty to second-degree murder. bler. One can come away from the "table" ance and patience where political ex­ Proceedings thus far have raised some legal minus shirt, pants, shoes, socks and draw­ pediency might suggest otherwise; but if issues-most cases do--but there has been no ers-and that's exactly the way they plan the university community cannot sum­ showing of gross or plain violation of any­ it. mon the courage, will, and commonsense one's rights. The American people, I think, are generally to set its own internal affairs in order, There was one minor disturbance in the placing too much faith in these talks. Past courtroom, and the presiding judge sum­ performance indicates that we are going to then the repression which many of its marily imposed six-months contempt sen­ come away from that table with less than members so foolishly imagine may well tences on two members of the Black Panther we sat down with. be the bitter harvest of its own indul­ Party who were in court as spectators and on gence and irresponsibility. At this point whom the disturbance centered. This was, in in the RECORD I would like to include the the view of many impartial observers, a grave full text of the article to which I have overreaction. Within a few days, the judge referred: corrected himself and commuted the sen­ WE HAVE SHOUTED DOWN OUR tences. Everything else has gone along regu­ SENSE OF BALANCE WE' VE SHOUTED DOWN OUR SENSE OF BALANCE larly, peaceably and with decorum. (By Alexander M. Bickel) A CALL TO VIOLENCE HON. JOHN B. ANDERSON Among academics and other intellectuals, Nonetheless, The Movement, and amor­ let alone "poets, yeggs and thirsties,'' it is phous collection of radicals, SDS, Yippies, OF ILLINOIS not merely fashionable, it is required to speak IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES whathaveyou, pressing an alliance with the apocalyptically of the country in crisis. Black Panthers which the latter accept ap­ Monday, June 15, 1970 There is a crisis and it went from bad to parently only on occasion, mounted an agi­ worse this spring. But it is not only, it is tation to stop the trial and free the accused. Mr. ANDERSON of Illinois. Mr. not even chiefiy, the crisis that fashion re­ The call went out to come to New Haven Speaker, the disorder and violence that quires us to shake our heads about. The war for a May Day demonstration. marred many of our campuses this past has got to stop, the march into Cambodia Many of the groups or grouplets from whom spring has been a cause of alarm and is a gruesome error, the cities are a mess, our the call issued or to whom it went took it as concern among all of us. Yesterday, the rivers and our air smell awful and the blacks a call to bring Yale to its knees by violence: Washington Post carried an article by will not and ought not stand for being for­ Come to New Haven and see it burn. Very gotten again. few if any of Yale's students and faculty ac­ Prof. Alexander Bickel of Yale which But there is another crisis that will in­ struck on a point of extremely critical cepted the call to violence. capacitate us from dealing with the ones I For a dominant portion of the student importance in regard to this matter. He have just mentioned. It is not the crisis of body, however, the issue was not the violence suggests the responsibility for the rising allegiance on the part of downtrodden blacks th81t was offered the city and the university disorder and increasingly violent ex­ and not the tinderbox of confiict between by thousands of people about to descend on pressions of dissent on many of our cam­ them and the lower-class whites who con­ them. The issue was the trial as an instance puses rests with the "incivility and even front them, but the crisis of the abandon­ of repression. The crisis was not the open violence of rhetoric and action that aca­ ment of reason, of standards, of measure, the threat of fire, death and destruction to a loss of balance and judgment by intellectuals university and a city. The crisis was a trial demics and other intellectuals have do­ and their audiences. mesticated into their universe of dis­ for murder, even though there's no doubt course." One needs to feed young, inex­ The symptoms of this crisis are the inci­ a crime has been committed, no basis what­ vility and even violence of rhetoric and ac­ ever at this stage for the surmise that the perienced, imaginative minds, he argues, tion that academics and other intellectuals trial will be unfair, and no possibility other with only so much loose talk of the "ob- have domesticated into their universe of dis- than the trial of dealing with an occur- { I 1 19800 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 1970 \ 15, \ renee-the murder-which would be mon­ action that a new national administration analysis; in which passionate assertion is not J strous to ignore. thinks it has a mandate to take, and to every automatically seen as highminded and pre­ Over this trumped-up crisis of the trial type Of institution, including universities. sumptively right, while dispassionate judg­ ( hundreds upon hundreds of students A LOSS OF PROPORTION ment is denounced as insensitive and pre­ whipped themselves to a pitch of hysteria, Everything can be improved, even radically sumptively immoral. finally voting to strike. Interestingly enough, The young are right about the war in the passions raged in the college and in some improved, and change is the law of life. But not everything can be improved in­ Indochina, because the majoritarian politi­ measure in the graduate school. The law cal process alone does not legitimate a war. school--'training still tells a little--was vir­ stantly, and not all change is good. And de­ structive nihilism is evil no matter how The President must stop it, and Congress tually untouched. On April 23, the faculty of must make him stop it. The young are Yale College met, and having heard the pres­ motivated. These things it is now unfashion­ able for intellectuals and their audiences right too about a great deal of racism, and ident of the university express his skepticism about the debasement of values by com­ that black revolutionaries can get a fair trial to say and hear (What is fashionable is the apocalypse and filthy and violent rhetoric.) mercialism. But many of the young are anywhere in the United States, voted to wrong about repression. The society is free countenance the strike. I was at the meeting We listen to the rhetoric as if it were the statement of a position of one side of an and open, if flawed and gravely troubled. and so voted, and did not really feel ashamed What repression there is is imposed, as until I walked out through the crowd of issue, and we respond by disagreeing perhaps, but by accepting the premise of apocalyptic often as not, by the young in the universi· students who we had known were out there, ties, where their pressure for ideological whom we had heard, and who now cheered crisis. The reward we hope for is not too much violence. orthodoxy and a kind of emotional solidar­ us. ity threaten to achieve what Joe McCarthy We did not call off school. Most faculty In New Haven there were three small fires, obviously set, in the law school, and a bomb­ never did. and many students continued to attend Our domestic problems can be solved or class, and there was little attempt to bring ing in Ingalls Rink. But the peace was kept, by speakers who advised the crowd that the alleviated only through the democratic po­ pressure on them. Nothing we could have litical process, which is slow, and out of done would ha.ve likely dispelled the hysteria time was not ripe for violence, yet. The uni­ versity is full of slogans painted and stenciled which no one gets all he wants. The politi­ of a large mass of undergraduates, and many cal process is not only slow, it is prone to things we might have done would have all over it. These stenciled and spoken slo­ gans and threats are called dissent. But they error, and it carries a high frustration fac­ heightened it. The difference between recog­ tor. But revolution would produce only nizing the situation, as we could not but do, are in truth vandalism, a kind of aggression almost physical, in content most often a something less responsive to claims of so­ and countenancing it, as we did, can be cial justice and infinitely more coercive and seen as minor. To countenance the condi­ series of curses which do not pretend any attempt at persuasion. oppressive. tion that prevailed among our students All this many of the young may not be­ might spare the university the kind of ex­ No principle of a free society requires pub­ lic, let alone private, institutions to allow lieve, but it is not disproved by epithets perience that Harvard had last spring and and demonstrations. Of course, the objec­ that come to other places. this sort of verbal violence to take place on their walls or orally within their pre­ tive situation in the United States, as the "TRUTH • • • IS mRELEVANT" cincts. Yet we observe it and listen to it Marxists would say, and as the true Marx­ We were spared. But there is cause to be respectfully, and thus legitimate it. Nothing ists probably do say, is such that violent ashamed. We did not return a rational an­ is unspeakable, and hence nothing is really repression is much more likely than violent swer to our students, because we were too undoable. The university, we hear it said revolution. But if we are to have neither alone and it was too late. If we had said and assented to, is thoroughly unworthy, and we must have order--order under law, which what is true, that the trial was no crisis, that so is the entire legal order. Therefore the means freedom to question the law and test it was inconceivable not to let it proceed, university and the society may not use force it and freedom to seek a higher justice than and that there is no reason to equate the to protect themselves against violence, let the law may embody; but which means also police in Chicago with the courts in New alone the threat of it, but force may justly freedom from coercion and violence, physi­ Haven and with the state and federal courts be used against them. cal or verbal. that sit to correct the errors of courts in The place to begin restoring order in speech New Haven; and if we had added that the EQUATION OF VIOLENCE and action is the university. No single uni­ university would continue to function, its There has been an appalling use of deadly versity can do it, and virtually all have slid members being held to no more than their force at Kent State, in Augusta, Ga. and in so far into disorder that they must in fair­ normal duties (which do not include con­ Jackson, Miss., which we must punish as ness give notice of intention to return to stant attendance at class) and no less-if we criminal and which we must bend every effort earlier ways before acting to do so. had said all that we would have been de­ to prevent in the future. The heads of leading universities should nounced as rigid, unresponsive, authoritar­ The President was rightly criticized for re­ convene publicly and reassert standards of ian; we would have risked riots and destruc­ acting to the Kent State killings by saying civility of speech and conduct. Instead of tion, and been saddled with responsibility for in effect that violence will breed violence. commiserating with each other under various possible police overreaction. To have said only that was not enough and pious auspices about a supposed crisis of ir­ That is what it has come to. Truth and the is not the whole truth. But what the Pres­ relevance in higher education, they should function of the university are irrelevant and ident did say was nevertheless true. It is announce their intention to institute a re­ dangerous. They are pitfalls. I have to be probable statable in the form of an equation form which is the precondition of all other grateful, and I am grateful, that we avoided that so many rampages, so many bricks and reforms: the use of disciplinary power to these pitfalls, and that we had steady and bottles thrown and even so many epithets keep discourse and action within the bounds shrewd leadership which saved us whole. hurled will eventually, in one or another cor­ of order. No more vandalism; no more as­ But we should realize where we have ar­ ner of the country, produce so many inno­ sultive, vicious speech; no more incitement rived, and try to know how and why. I sug­ cent victims. It is probably also statable in to violent action; no more bullying, simu­ gest we have listened and talked ourselves the form of an equation that so much talk lated or actual. into the situation we are in. We have lis­ o! the rottenness and sickness of men and in­ I! the reassertion of this minimum of au­ tened-quietly, even solemnly, as if it were stitutions, solemnly countenanced by so thority should bring strife and violence in the rational-to incredibly loose talk about the many apparently rational people, will pro­ short term, as it may, it will be less strife and obsolescence and rottenness of our society duce so many rampages and bottles and less violence than is otherwise in store for us. and all our institutions, and have come to rocks, and so much incendiary counter-rhe­ parrot it in order to propitiate a sizable num­ toric like the Vice President's, as well as ber of young people. some counter-rampages. It all started with the war, which does No sane person can condone riots by con­ BALTIC STATES represent a malfunction Of the system, be­ struction workers or by police, and certainly cause a democracy must not wage wars with not killings. But a price is inevitably going the assent merely Of a simple majority. Large to be paid for destroying the order of society. HON. THOMAS J. MESKILL and intense minorities have, and of right I! the streets belong to the people, they are OF CONNECTICUT should have a veto against war, and there is going to belong to all the people, not just IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES no higher national interest than the speedy young radicals. If all we say about Kent liquidation of a war that has been so vetoed. State is that it is an instance of brutal re­ Monday, June 15, 1970 Lyndon Johnson never understood that, and pression for which the Vice President and Mr. MESKILL. Mr. Speaker, this week Mr. Nixon's understanding of it has been the Attorney General and an isolated and in­ marks the infamous anniversary of the revealed as imperfect. Hence the insufferable sensitive President are responsible, we are war continues, and leads quite naturally and not telling the truth, and by not doing so we Soviet invasion and occupation of the reasonably to talk of systemic crisis. will help bring on more Kent States. Baltic States of Estonia, Latvia, and But it is not reasonable to extend a systemic What, in the title of one of Lenin's pam­ Lithuania. At this time it is fitting for indictment to the entire structure o! govern­ phlets, is to be done? We must restore con­ the 9lst Congress to reaffirm our dedi­ ment, to the electoral process itself, to the ditions in which slogans and mass emotions cation to the principles expressed in administration of justice, to every debatable do not drown out and drive out reasoned House Concurrent Resolution 416, call- June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19801 ing for the freedom of these three en­ should tell you, however, that I view you as ing questions of today have been put into an slaved states. I urge the President to im­ a group of my fellow Americans who feel and historical perspective by no means all has share the concerns of the day; indeed, as been said." Interestingly, and in order to plement this legislation by bringing the fellow citizens who, either already, or may drive home the necessity for historical per­ issue of the liberation of the Baltic States in the very near predictable future, entertain spective, he suggested that this class atten­ to the United Nations. These peoples rea.l doubts and even fears about man's ability tion be called to the 18th chapter of Ezekiel must be freed from Soviet domination so to cope with the problems which, like it or in which the House of Israel was challenged that they may shape their own destinies not, we are all forced to face. by the Lord for attempting to use the prov­ once again. If this were a. graduating class from a. law erb ~' The fathers have eaten sour grapes, In June 1940, the Soviets presented school, my task of communication would not and the children's teeth are set on edge." Lithuania with an ultimatum in which be as difficult a.s I consider it to be today. My Ezekiel had the Lord's word that "ye shall confidence in being able to communicate not have occasion any more to use this prov­ they charged that the three Baltic States with law students would rest upon the fact erb" because, as was the message throughout had transformed the Baltic Entente into that I know they would have had a. concen­ the chapter, father and son were to be a military alliance directed against the trated exposure to the tradition of the com­ equally and independently judged as to Soviets and demanded the formation of mon law and its a.ccumula,ted wisdom based whether either father or son "hath oppressed a friendly government. The ultimatum on the literally centuries of Anglo-Ameri­ none, hath spoiled none by violence, hath was followed by invasion, and by June can experience with the difficulties which given his bread to the hungry, and hath 15, 1940, the Soviets fully occupied complicate the most sincere efforts to ad­ covered the naked with a garment . . . and Lithuania. minister equal justice for all persons. hath executed true judgment between man But this is not a. class graduating from law and man." And Ezekiel said that because Shortly after the annexation of the school. And times have changed since I grad­ "every one ... would be judged ... accord­ Baltic States, the Soviets perpetrated one uated. The year 1930 was a time of relative ing to his ways" all who made up the House of history's great frauds and held "elec­ calm. In those days a commencement speak­ of Israel "must turn yourselves from all tions" under Red army guns followed by er could tell a joke or two, throw in some your transgressions ... make you a. new heart the incorporation of these nations as onward and upward talk, and bid the gradu­ and a new splrit ... wherefore turn your- constituent republics in the Soviet Union. ates on their merry way. If this graduating selves, and live." A year later, thousands of Baltic citizens class is anything like the high school class I do not think that this Nation needs a with which our youngest son graduated ear­ new heart and a new spirit. I think we were deported to various parts of the lier this week, you will agree that the times desperately need to use the ones we have Soviet Union, mainly Siberia. Since June call for something more than that sort of a. always had. I also think we need to recognize 15, 1940, these three nations have lost speech. that most of our troubles and concerns more than one-fourth of their entire As my time to speak approached, I found it spring from the very strength of her heart, population. Supplementing the deporta­ extremely difficult to decide what should be which produces a spirit, while it is never tion, the Soviets pursued a policy of said and how I should try to say it. I sense quite realized, nevertheless, will not be colonization of the three Baltic States that a great many people in this country are denied. with persons of Russian stock. This deeply troubled and that young people are Can anyone reasonably doubt that the served as a method of changing the eth­ more troubled than most because they are heart and spirit of this country is best ex­ having their first experience with what older pressed in the Declaration of Independence? nic composition of the area and replacing people recognize as a rather constant condi­ Lincoln, as he so frequently did, spoke for the cost of labor and resulted in the crea­ tion of our national life. This is not to say all of us when, a.s he said on February 22, tion of economically dependent indus­ that we have seen times exactly like this be­ 1861, while on his way to Washington to trial melting pots in the Baltic States. fore. It is to say that at difl'erent times in assume the Presidency, that "I have never The Soviets have not succeeded, how­ our past we have experienced some things had a feeling politically that did not spring ever, in weakening the ethnic and cul­ not totally dissimilar from what we see to­ from the sentiments embodied in the Dec­ tural identity of the Baits, nor have they day. laration of Independence.... [The] great been able to change the priority of loyal­ Our eldest son knows much more than I do principle or idea ... that kept this Con­ about how young people feel and what and federacy so long together ... was . . . that ties from native to Russian. how they think. Although he is once again sentiment ... which gave liberty, not alone Despite the captivity in which they live a student, he has had the experience of teach­ to the people of this country, but, I hope, and despite the hardships which they ing high school students. I therefore sought to the world, for all future time. It was that have endured, the Baltic peoples remain his help. He suggested, and I follow his sug­ which gave promise that in due time the dedicated to the cause of the restoration gestion because I love him dearly and respect weight would be lifted from the shoulders of their self-determination. Armed guer­ him highly, that this graduating class be of all men." And when Lincoln spoke at rilla warfare has been replaced by pas­ asked, as Robert Cross, the President of Gettysburg, the bedrock upon which he based Swarthmore College from which John grad­ his case was that this Nation, conceived in sive resistance. Thirty years of Soviet uated, recently asked other high school gr81d­ Liberty, was "dedicated to the proposition domination has not crushed the spirit uates, to exercise their imaginations and to that all men are created equal." of these dauntless people. They deserve think what one might see if he were sitting It is one thing to agree upon the statement not only our admiration but our whole­ on a reasonably distant star looking at the of a principle. It is quite another to agree hearted support of their efforts to free United States. Robert Cross said that: upon the application of that principle to their homeland. "He'd see a. country that was wracked by a. particular state of facts. Even agreement violence and distress . . . A country where that an apparently acceptable principle young people were being conscripted into a. should be applied to a. particular state of military service by a process which they had facts produced disagreement in regard to COMMENCEMENT ADDRESS OF U.S. very little to say about ... A country in which how such an application should be made gross injustices in race relations prevailed, and the speed with which it should be DISTRICT JUDGE JOHN W. OLIVER especially between white and black, but also applied. between other ethnic groups .· .. A country There are all kinds of examples which come HON. RICHARD BOLLING experiencing an incredibly rapid growth in immediately to mind. The Sixth Amendment population, so vast that no one could to the Constitution provides, among other OF MISSOUIU t ell what the end result would be. He things, that "In all criminal prosecutions, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES might see . . . great concentrations of the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy Monday, June 15, 1970 population in the cities [which] posed prob­ and public trial ... and to have the Assist­ lems to which no one had satisfactory an­ ance of Counsel for his defense." That prin­ Mr. BOLLING. Mr. Speaker, I :find in swers, and he might be dismayed by the ciple was agreed upon when we first began the recent commencement address of complacency of those who did not live in the our experiment with representative govern­ U.S. District Judge John W. Oliver, for cities about what was going on ... He would ment. But the Supreme Court of the United be struck, I think, by the immense uncer­ States was not called upon to decide whether the western district of Missouri, interest­ tainties of young people about their personal one convicted in a State court without any ing historical references as well as wise identity, their relationships with each other, counsel at all was deprived of a. federally counsel that deserves attention beyond particularly their relationships with mem­ protected constitutional right until 1963. the graduating seniors who heard it. bers of the opposite sex. Such a.n observer When the Court predictably decided that The address, delivered to the graduating might despair and might say such a world the Constitution meant exactly what it said, class of Central High School at Cape was ... not a. civilized place at all." and that one who was convicted without any Girardeau, Mo., follows: But Robert Cross added: counsel was entitled to a new trial, a. con­ siderable howl went up throughout the land ADDRESS BY JOHN W. OLIVER "Yet a person who is looking from that because it must be recognized that we have I am grateful to the Senior Class for the star today and seeing those phenomena always had among us a. substantial number honor of having been chosen as your Com­ would, my scientist friends tell me, be seeing, of very noisy people who really have never mencement speaker. This is your graduation not the world of 1969, but the world of 1864." accepted the very heart of American day and your commencement address. I Our eldest suggested that "once the burn- democracy. 19802 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1970 Those howls died down because, generally But it is difficult to think of any two men to be permitted to speak their minds and speaking, the people of the United States who occupied the Presidency who held more others are to listen. have learned, sometimes the hard way, to radically different views in regard to the par­ OUr system is based upon the assumption respect the Supreme Court of the United ticular means by which justice was to be that one's view is subject to change and States. They recognize that, in a very high established, how domestic tranquility was to· that no person, regardless of his position, is 1 percentage of the time, history has been on be preserved, how we should provide for the infallible. The spirit of the process is well the side of the Court regardless of how tem­ common defense, how the general welfare illustrated by Benjamin Franklin's plea to ' porarily painful its decisions might have been should be promoted, and how the blessings of the members of the Constitutional Conven­ at the time. Once the principle is accepted liberty should be secured for themselves and tion in 1789 when he urged his colleagues to that all persons accused in a criminal prose­ their posterity. It was, of course, for those approve that document. He confessed that cution, the rich and the poor alike, are going broad purposes and objectives stated in the there were several parts of the Constitution to have the assistance of counsel in their Preamble to the Constitution that We, the which he did not presently approve but he defense, sharp disagreement then arises as People, ordained and established our present stated that he had found from experience to how this is going to be accomplished. form of representative government. that he had frequently changed his opinion Should the State have a Public Defenders When it got down to the implementation on many important subjects. Typically, he office? Should the problem be handled in of the broad principles stated in the Con­ lightened his argument with recalling "a each individual court? Or should the cities stitution, both men were undoubtedly certain French lady, who, in dispute with her establish and pay for their own programs? shocked by many things the other said and sister, said, 'I don't know how it happens, Those, and many more questions, must be did. Imagine, for example, what Mr. Jeffer­ Sister, that I meet with nobody but myself, decided. And what is at the heart of how son thought when he learned that John that is always in the right.'" He asked every Americans decide questions? Adams had suggested that President Wash­ member of the Convention not to be like From the time every student (and ex­ ington should be called "His Highness, the that lady but he hoped they would join with student) in this room began to participate President of the United States." And what him and "doubt a little of his own infal­ in the making of group decisions you were do you suppose Mr. Adams thought when libility,'' to the end that the Constitution be taught, primarily by example, that the only he read that Thomas Jefferson had written approved. rational and peaceful way to decide who was a preface to Tom Paine's Rights of Man. When the prerequisites of our system of going to be president of your home room, It was simply inevitable that the political self government are present it is possible to for example, was to have an election. He who philosophies of these two men in regard to change the course of any administration by received a majority of the votes was declared the means and priorities of governmental ballots rather than bullets. This means, of the choice. Those disappointed in the result action would eventually clash. That is exact­ course, that concerned people of different came to understand that there would be an­ ly what happened. Jefferson eventually re­ viewpoints take to the streets for purposes other year and that your view of whom signed from his post as Secretary of State other than mounting barricades. It also should have been elected might prevail the in Washington's Cabinet, and returned to means that they pound the pavements for next time out. And, most important, you Monticello. Adams was not at all sorry to see purposes other than mere demonstrations. It learned to wait until the next election. him leave. Indeed, the depth of his emo­ means that people seek and find candidates There is every evidence that the American tional feeling was so strong, he wrote his who reflect their point of view. It means that people have learned that lesson well because, wife that "I am not sorry for it on the like minded people seek out their neighbors, except in one instance, the election of 1860, whole. . . . His mind is now poisoned with seeking their votes. In short, it means that we have peaceably accepted the results of passion, prejudice, and factions." one participates in the democratic process our national elections. In 1960 John Kennedy The two men, however, were thrown back rather than mouth meaningless slogans about defeated Richard Nixon by an eyelash. And together when John Adams was elected to "participatory democracy." in 1968 Richard Nixon defeated Hubert Hum­ succeed Washington as President and Jeffer­ Participation in such a process by young phrey in an equally close election. No ra­ son was elected Adams' Vice-President. Any or by old involves hard, intelligent, and some­ tional person dreamed of attempting to say apparent respect for or tolerance of the oth­ times frustrating work. To say that such work that the people of the United States had not er's viewpoint became totally ruptured dur­ is not worth the candle is arrogantly to deny spoken. ing Adams' Presidency. The conflict over how our heritage as a free people. To say that You learned before you started high school the agreed objectives of government were to people today feel so strongly and adamantly the theory of representative government and be implemented and carried out led to the about their particular positions that they how persons are elected to represent the peo­ inevitable and nec~ssary development of po­ are not amenable to any possible change or ple residing in their particular areas. That litical parties. It was also inevitable that reconciliation is no more than still another system contemplated that if a representative Adams would become the leader of the Fed­ denial of our heritage. elected by the people did not cast his vote eralists and Jefferson the leader of the op­ Thomas Jefferson and John Adams and in accordance with the views of a majority posing party which eventually acquired the the many, many people who agreed with each of the people whom he represents that those name Democratic. Adams and his party fa­ were at least as far apart politically as any people will elect someone else to replace him. vored one kind of legislation to accomplish persons or groups which could be named It was that principle that Lincoln was talk­ the broad objectives stated in the Consti­ today. John Adams and most of the high ing about when he argued for patience in his tution, while Jefferson and his party favored ranking leaders of the Federalist party left First Inaugural address by saying in 1861 another. The intensity with which each held Washington and refused to return even for that "while the people retain their virtue and their respective views cannot be overstated. Jefferson's inauguration in 1800. vigilance, no administration, by any extreme Adams and Jefferson, during the time each But the climate of that time was becoming of wickedness or folly, can very seriously was President, undoubtedly looked upon the comparable to the time in which we live. injure the government in the short span of other as truly a dangerous menace and that Hawks and Doves of that day were then fight­ four vears." the ideas each represented were a threat to ing each other throughout the land. The ow= arguments and difficulties as a self­ the very life of the Republic. country was divided as it had never been governing people arise not so much from an Under these circumstances of extremes and before, and the War of 1812 was just around inability to agree on how broad principles fundamental disagreement what happens the corner. should be stated but rather they arise from next? In France, at about the same period of It was under those circumstances that John how those principles are to be applied to time, the notion that tocsins should be Adams, on New Year's Day, 1812, wrote particular problems which substantial num­ sounded, barricades should be mounted, and Thomas Jefferson a letter. Adams suggested bers of people believe is the business of that the people should take to the streets he believed that they should attempt to ex­ America to do something about. If we depart was accepted and acted upon as an appro- - plain themselves to each other. Both men very far from firm and patient reliance upon priate means to attain the declared French obviously felt and recognized that some­ the fundamental principle of majority rule ideals of liberty, equality and fraternity. All thing had gone wrong somewhere. They then we wander into areas which, in my that noise and violence, of course, produced therefore commenced what, to me, is one of judgment, are quite dangerous. first, the Reign of Terror; and second, a dic­ the most beautiful correspondence in all There can be no reasonable doubt that tatorship of the Right. American history. From 1812 to 1826 they both John Adams and Thomas Jefferson were Our American experience was fundamen­ found they were able to speak, to listen, and deeply committed to the basic truths which tally different. We borrowed heavily from the to explain themselves to each other. Adams they declared were self evident, that all men English experience and from our own Co­ was eventually able to write Jefferson that are created equal, that all men are endowed lonial experience with self-government to "I admire your Navigation and should like with certain unalienable rights, among which the end that we developed a patience and a to sail with you either in your Bark, or my are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. confidence in the basic soundness of the own along side of yours; Hope with her gay Those two men labored side by side through principle of majority rule. But our experi­ ensign displayed at the prow; Fear with her the Revolution. They later were completely ence of a hundred years ago establishes that Hobgoblins behind the Stern." And this ex­ agreed on the broad principles stated in the the basic principle of representative govern­ pression was from a man who had earlier Constitution and its Bill of Rights. There ment completely breaks down unless the cli­ said that "I am sometimes Cassandra enough simply can be no reasonable doubt that these mate in which it is expected to operate is to dream that another Hamilton, another two men were in solid agreement in regard such that certain prerequisites are permitted Burr might rend this mlg'hty Fabric in to how the broad general principles of our to exist. The underlying assumption upon twain." government should be stated. which our system is based is that people are You are familiar With how the corre- June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19803 spondence came to an end. Legend has it are being realized and executed, rather than volvement in Cambodia. He continued to that the Liberty Bell received its famous about the validity of those principles which press for integration in schools, even though crack on July 4, 1826. It is a matter of his­ represent the heart and spirit of our country. it be brought about by busing. tory that Jefferson died early in the morning But I fear for our condition unless all of us It must be noted that Dr. Allen's admin­ ! of that Fourth of July and that John Adams begin to recognize that if the process of ex­ istrative difficulties resulted in substantial died late the same afternoon. Adams' last planation of ourselves to each other is not measure from his inability to recruit aids. words were reported to have been: "Thomas given top priority and that if we do not He complained, on one occasion, that pros­ Jefferson survives." learn to listen to each other, we are in deep pective aids could not meet White House ap­ There can be no doubt that the heart and trouble. proval for political reasons. the spirit of the Declaration for which Jef­ Let us therefore cast away our transgres­ It most certainly is the President's pre­ ferson was primarily responsible still sur­ sions against the always old and always new rogative to have men about him who can vives. Those who deny that fact of our politi­ heart and spirit of our country so that we work with him. But that does not mean they cal life do so at their peril. Jefferson was not only turn ourselves and live, but that must be subservient to him in a slave-and­ probably dead when the message he wrote in due time we shall come closer to the master role. Dr. Allen would be no man's for the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Declara­ promise of the American dream that the slave. tion of Independence was read at the cele­ weight shall be lifted from the shoulders And so James E. Allen, Jr. has become a bration in Philadelphia on July 4, 1826. He of all mankind. victim, a victim of-among other things­ expressed the hope that the Declaration Administrative double-talk. Oh, no, the Ad­ would "be to the world . . . the signal for ministration would not ask :for his resigna­ arousing men to burst the chains which tion for his Cambodia stand. Oh, yes, it liked monkish ignorance and superstition had per­ COMMISSIONER ALLEN'S RESIGNA­ men of independence among its officials. Most suaded them to bind themselves, and to as­ TION REGRETTED certainly it expected him to remain. sume the blessings and security of self­ Then the cruelty. That Administration government." fired him. Our entire national experience establishes HON. DANIEL E. BUTTON A BLOW TO EDUCATION that all governmental proposals and actions OF NEW YORK The abrupt dismissal of Dr. James E. Allen are somehow instinctively measured against Jr. from the key post of United States Com­ the consistent challenge and the hopes of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES missioner of Education is a reflection not on the Declaration. OUr history also establishes Monday, June 15, 1970 his leadership capacity but on disorderly that the only viable way that disagreement governing procedures of this Administration. about whether a proposal or a course of ac­ Mr. BUTTON. Mr. Speaker, the de­ Leaked insinuations that Dr. Allen, like tion squares with the heart and spirit of parture from the U.S. Office of Educa­ his immediate superior ex-Secretary Finch, America is to put the propositions before the tion of its distinguished Commissioner had been a poor administrator are part of people in order that they may cast their is a source of regret to many Americans, those by now routine attempts to justify votes for representatives who will reflect the especially to those-the teachers and high-level firings. Such charges would be articulated majority of the governed. But their pupils-whose interests he had more convincing in Dr. Allen's case had he this not uncomplicated process simply will been given an opportunity to administer not work unless concerned people of all ages sought so earnestly to serve and whose much of anything. The fact is that "the in­ become active participants in that process cause now is blighted by the untimely, ordinate influence of partisan political con­ and unless all of us are willing to doubt our unseemly, and ill-advised action of his siderations"-to use Dr. Allen's own words­ own infallibility at least to the extent that departing superior in the Department, has persistently prevented him for more all persons shall be guaranteed their right Secretary Finch. than one year from making key appoint­ to speak and their right to be heard. And Commissioner Allen was my constitu­ ments without which the huge and unwieldy all of us, of all ages and in all walks of life, departmental apparatus simply cannot be must learn to listen. ent in the 29th district of New York before he resigned his position as com­ made to function. But it is very hard for anyone to doubt his It was a mark of a loyal official that, trying own infallibility if he cannot hear what rea­ missioner of education in New York to live with such demeaning frustrations, sonable people have to say. We simply can­ State to come to Washington at this Dr. Allen repeatedly brushed aside sugges­ not listen to each other when voices get as administration's request. I have known tions that he protest interference by the shrill and strident as many of the voices we him well for nearly two decades, and President's political watchdogs. hear today. And it is even more difficult to have shared the respect and admiration But Dr. Allen's silently borne limitations listen when persons, both young and old, which his associates, other educators, were more than procedural. His long-stand­ undertake by provocative violence to estab­ ing commitment to school integration was lish confrontations which are calculated to and millions of residents of New York produce even more violence. Those tactics have given him in response to his faith­ repeatedly ignored, as his policies were un­ are designedly in the exact pattern of the dermined by the Southern strategists in the ful and effective service. Justice Department and the President's en­ tocsin sounders who urged the French people Many others, as I suggested, also de­ tourage. Despite Dr. Allen's refusal to take to take to the streets two hundred years ago. plore Commissioner Allen's unfortunate Verbal encouragement to violence or to his case to the public, it had become an counter-violence, in my judgment, increases departure from the Office of Education. open secret that Mr. Nixon prepared his con­ the chances that we may never be able to At this time, I wish to bring to my troversial school desegregation statement explain ourselves to each other. But I think colleagues' attention the views of some without either the advice or the consent of what probably disturbs me the most is the of those who have commented on this his chief education official. la.pparent approval Of violence and counter­ unhappy development. These include an The President is, of course, entitled to seek violence, the 1lluslon of which is created by counsel from those who reflect his own out­ editorial, "Political Victim," from the look. But when he chose his commissioner the silence of many people. The silence of the Albany Knickerbocker News; an edito­ young is sometimes rationalized by their ap­ to preside over the Administration's educa­ parent acceptance of the notion that every­ rial, "A Blow to Education," from the tion policies, Dr. Allen's views were an open one is entitled to do their own thing. The New York Times; a third editorial, book. His liberal and integrationlst convic­ silence of the young, and much more impor­ "HEW: Commissioner Allen as a Case tions had made him a nationally recognized tant, their failure to take appropriate action, Study," from the Washington Post; and force for progress, far in advance of the ma­ means that many other people may errone­ a recent column by Carl Rowan wP.ich Jority of the nation's public school officials. ously be led to believe that the young have appeared in the Albany Times-Union The integrity that marked his long career accepted as their leaders the anarchists who before Dr. Allen's enforced resignation: made it unlikely he would let himself be are in their age group. used as mere window-dressing. There are similar risks incident to the si­ PoLITICAL VICTIM The breaking point appears to have come lence of all groups in our society, other than "He wasn't a good administrator," says the with Dr. Allen's characteristically straight­ the young. Silence on their part may give Nixon Administration in explanation o:f the forward criticism of the President's Cam­ the impression that they believe something firing of Dr. James E. Allen, Jr. as the U.S. bodian adventure and the wa.r In Vietnam in which may well be exactly the opposite of Commissioner o:f Education. general. Considering the depth of the aca­ their actual views. can anyone doubt, :for Maybe so, although his tenure as New York demic community's anti-war feelings, espe­ example, that many, i:f not most, of us were State Commissioner of Education for 14 years cially among the nation's youth, to have ex­ surprised when both young and old began would seem to belie that statement. pected the Federal spokesman for education to say out loud what they had long been Perhaps the fundamental and true reason to equivocate on this issue would have been silently thinking in regard to this country's :for the firing of Dr. Allen was that he was to ask him to lose all self-respect, as well as involvement in Asia? his own man-a compassionate man, a cou­ the respect of his constituency. I hope the disagreements that trouble our rageous man, a man who followed his con­ The fact that acquiescence in politics and country today are con1lned in the main to science in preference to following a political priorities which cut deeply into the support arguments about how our declared principles banner. Thus, he spoke out against the in- of education was apparently a requirement \ 19804 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1970 l shift of command there, which will see ·in a multi-racial world and the school is a ' for continued tenure will not make it easier to find a m.an of strong sense of purpose to Under Secretary of State Elllot Richardson natural place in which to introduce them take Dr. Allen's place. take over as Secretary of HEW while Robert to that world." Finch goes on to become a White House Allen wanted to implore educators to "help HEW: CoMMISSIONER ALLEN AS A CASE STUDY counselor. Theoretically the case could be the public to understand . • . the harinful made that everyone involved, plus govern­ educational effects of segregation on all our In its way the Department of Health, Edu­ ment itself, will profit from the change. Mr. people." cation and Welfare is like the Pentagon or Richardson, after all, iS a man of impres­ "It is the educator," he said, "who must New York City, easy to run (if you don't sive talents, known not just for his quick see to it that debates about means such as mind its running itself) but exceedingly mind and broad social sympathies, but hard to govern. Because the so-called "new·• busing, neighborhood schools, district bound­ also-and perhaps more importantly in this aries, etc., are not allowed to obscure the agency was never new at all, but rather, case-for his capacity to deal with and ends being sought." from the beginning, a collection of well­ master the problexns of bureaucratic sprawl. Allen's statement said: "I shall continue established bureaucratic fiefdoms and bar­ Moreover, he and HEW could be expected to to emphasize the educational value of inte­ onies, each with its special connections have an experienced friend in court in the gration, and the educational deprivation of among the lobbies and on the Hill, no talent person of Mr. Finch. But Mr. Allen's fate is segregation regardless of cause." for civil administration short of Henry n•s yet another development that puts all this Who knows how long James Allen can sur­ has seemed able to bring it lasting order or in the realm of speculation, raising further vive in Washington? He may be trudging in organization. To thiS built-in problem was questions about Mr. Finch's strength and the footsteps of Panetta moments after this added another in the early and mid-sixties commitments as an advocate and about the column iS read in the White House. Or Allen with the passage of innovative legislation­ capacity of any administrator-never mind may not wait to be fired. for schools, civil rights, health care, and so how good-to do a good job under hopeless But it· is a comfort to note that while he on-which HEW was to administer and circumstances. which put the department and its top offi­ does not run, he does not buckle under. In the name of decency, justice, better educa­ cials smack in the middle of any number JAMES E. ALLEN: A COMFORT IN WASHINGTON of political controversies. So it was never tion-for all children-he perseveres. easy to make the department work in an (By Carl T . Rowan) And in a sadly glorious way he reminds effective way. But the Nixon administration, WASHINGTON .-Much has been written you and me that they also serve who only over the past year and a half, has made it all about Leon Panetta and other government stay and fight. but impossible to do so, and the case of the officials who have resigned or been fired be­ missing Education Commissioner-James E. cause of their opposition to "Southern Allen Jr.-goes a certain way to explaining strategy" educational policies. why. In the center of many a dramatic conflict HOW A SENATOR DELIVE~OR IS To be sure, there are "Washington rea­ over racial policies has been James E. Allen, THE PENTAGON FOR REAL? sons" that can be invoked for the unceremo­ Jr., the commissioner of education. nious dumping of this distinguished edu­ This noted educator has seen the Nixon cator from New York. Even under the Nixon administration ignore him, sneak around HON. LIONEL VAN DEERLIN Doctrine (by which we mean the President's him and do a hundred things that run OF CALIFORNIA self-described policy of not "censoring" the counter to his beliefs. But he hangs in there, views of Vice President Agnew or Mr. Hickel fighting to get American educators to do IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES or any of the other cross-speakers in his ad­ what he believes is best for the nation-and Monday, June 15, 1970 ministration--see press conference of May all its children. 8), you could say that Commissioner Allen In his recent speech on school desegrega­ Mr. VAN DEERLIN. Mr. Speaker, was bound to give some offense by failing to tion, President Nixon almost completely ig· along with my fellow Californians of conceal hiS dissent from administration pol­ nored warnings from Allen, the top educa­ both political parties, I cheered a recent icy on Cambodia. And there is no question tion official in government, that "the elim· announcement that North American that Mr. Nixon had every right to dismiss a ination . . . of racial segregation in educa­ Aviation had been awarded a Govern­ man who served at his pleasure and who, tion is . . . the most important educational while doing so, was under some obligation challenge of our time." ment contract to start work on the B-1 to follow the official line. But these are Two weeks before Mr. Nixon's March 24 bomber. minor matters in relation to what Commis­ speech, Allen sent the President a memoran­ I accepted at face value the explana­ sioner Allen's saga was all about from the dum and a proposed message from Allen im­ tion Pentagon officials offered in support beginning, and the same may be said of the ploring the American educator to "do every­ of the award-that the Southern Cali­ explanations for his dismissal that have thing he can to achieve educational integra­ fornia firm made the strongest presen­ been emanating from higher up in the past tion." tation, and that contract award would day, explanations that are not only trivial Certain of the President's more segrega­ but in some respects grotesque. tionist advisors were angered. Allen's pro­ help keep together the Nation's most To argue, for instance, as Mr. Ziegler has, posed message was scuttled, and the Presi­ efficient team of aerospace designers, that the President was profoundly disap­ dent proceeded to issue that unfortunate engineers, and assemblers. point ed in Commissioner Allen's failure to statement in which he opposed government­ Imagine my surprise, Mr. Speaker, get the "right to read" program off the imposed (de jure) segregation but proposed upon learning-from the Governor of ground is to assume a great national for­ to coexist with "de facto" segregation that California, no less-that we owe this getting of the fact that Commissioner Allen supposedly just sort of arises out of segre­ multibillion-dollar contract to the per­ thought this one up himself and floated it gated housing patterns. first as a trial balloon, managed-once he "Segregation in our schools simply makes a suasive power of Senator GEORGE had done so--to get a warm presidential en­ mockery of the concept of equal educational MURPHY. dorsement, and then saw the whole thing opportunity," Allen's memorandum said. I have for years labored under the slighted in the budget and left to the realm "There is ... no sophistry or evasion whereby apparent delusion that merit was the of fancy rhetoric. The other argument, that the principle of equality of educational op­ overriding consideration in making Commissioner Allen was a poor administra­ portunity can be made to accommodate the these awards, involving as they do such tor, wm hardly do either. It is as if the ad­ continuing existence of segregated schools in enormous amounts of the taxpayers' ministration had complained after the fact a democratic society-no matter how diffi­ that Leon Panetta was a. poor enforcer of cult the problexns involved in eliminating money. the desegregation guidelines: The White them may be." So that our colleagues may share my House consistently refused to grant political Allen took his gagging like a good, faith­ new sense of enlightenment, I place clearance to would-be appointees to Com­ ful servant-but one who was determined at this point in the RECORD Governor miSsioner Allen's staff with the result that that American educators would hear from Reagan's press release of June 5 setting the Office of Education was severely under­ him, rather than someone like a G. Harrold manned; it visited any number of humili­ matters straight: Carswell, who might get his job if he walked GOVERNOR REAGAN'S PJtESS RELEASE ations upon him-from closing him out of out. its deliberations on an education message to Well, last week Allen finally got a slightly The award of the B-1 contract to a Cali­ publicly stating that his testimony on the revised version of his suppressed appeal to fornia firm was hailed today by Governor Hill did not represent the administration educators into the public arena. He put it Ronald Reagan as a "strong example of what view; and, having thus thoroughly demon­ into the record of hearings before a Senate men like Sene.tor George Murphy can mean strated to his subordinates at HEW that appropriations subcommittee. to our state. Commissioner Allen counted for little, the Allen, who was New York State commis­ "Senator Murphy worked vigorously to adminiStration wonders why he was unable sioner of education before Nixon brought point out to the Administration that Cali­ to run his jurisdiction better. him into the Administration amidst glowing fornia's aerospace industry is the most tal­ All this iS anything but untypical of the praiSe and promiSes, wanted to say that "con­ ented in the United States and would be state of affairs at HEW, and it bears directly tinued segregation can only weaken the fab­ the logical choice for developing and manu­ on the meaning that can be read into the ric of our society. All our children must live facturing this new aircraft. ( ( June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19805 "He held long discussions with top offi­ Other birds also are affected by this pesti­ our product line (55.7 per cent to be exact). ! cials in Washington to secure this award. cide. Patuxent reports that an osprey re­ The average additional reduction, as a result ( As a member of the Senate Armed Services cently found dead in Connecticut had 8 parts of the Separate Package, worked out to 47.3 1, Committee, Senator Murphy's value to Cali­ per million dieldrin in the brain. per cent. fornia is again demonstrated by the award The remaining one-half of our manufac­ of this contract to our state. tured product line is made up of specialty "I am, of course, extremely pleased that items that are not presently manufactured California has been selected. CHEMICAL MANUFACTURER OP­ abroad. But they could be, and we believe "The 43,000 new jobs this important con­ that if they were, the same discouraging tract will bring our people will provide a POSES ELIMINATION OF ASP statistics would apply. strong shot in the arm to california's econ­ If the Separate Package is enacted, our omy. HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. company would be critically affected. We "Working with Senator Murphy, members would be forced to substitute imported prod­ of the nations! Republican administration, OF NEW JERSEY ucts in semi-finished stages for our own and the Department of Defense, we have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES manufactured products, causing us to dis­ long stressed that California's aerospace in­ Monday, June 15, 1970 continue some of our present manufacturing dustry meri:ted strong consideration in thC~Se operations. Based on current estimates, we deliberations which led to the award of the Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, Dr. Ernest would discont1nue about one-half of our B-1 contract. May, president of Otto B. May, Inc., present manufacturing operations. This cur­ "California has led the way in aerospace Newark, N.J., recently testified before tailment would mean the elimination of jobs, and military technology for many years. To­ the Ways and Means Committee regard­ primarily among hourly-rated workers. day's decision bears out the deserving rec­ ing his opposition to the elimination of At our Newark plant, we employ 218 peo­ ognition Olllr aerospace industry has re­ plP.. Our average annual pay in 1969 was ceived by our nation's leaders in Washing­ the American selling price system of val­ $8,711 per employee. ton. . uation. His testimony is of great impor­ Of our work force, 77 per cent is black, and "~even more important, the decision tance to the people of my congressional of this number 36 per cent is part of our demonstrates the value of the close working district and to the entire State of New salaried, supervisory work force. Thanks to relationship between our state administra­ Jersey and I would like to bring it to on-the-job training received in our plant, tion, Senator Murphy and the national ad­ the attention of my colleagues: these people have advanced to responsible ministration." positions in manufacturing, production con­ The material follows: trol and supervision. . STATEMENT IN OPPOSITION TO THE ELIMINA­ The nation, the state of New Jersey, and TION OF THE AMERICAN SELLING PRICE the city of Newark in particular, cannot af­ INCREASING NUMBER OF BALD METHOD OF VAL"UATION ON BENZENOID ford the loss of these jobs by these men. CHEMICALS We do not think it is fair, moreover, to call EAGLE DEATHS (By Ernest M. May) upon us to accept a duty cut of nearly 50 I am Ernest M. May, President of Otto B. per cent on top of a 50 per cent cut which May, Inc., a dyestuff manufacturing concern has already been achieved under the Ken­ HON. JOHN D. DINGELL founded by my father. Our plant is in New­ nedy Round. OF MICHIGAN ark, New Jersey, where we have been active The volume of imports is increasing in our IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in business and community affairs since field and will continue to increase until the last of the duty cuts becomes effective in Monday, June 15, 1970 1920. I was technical adviser for the dye in­ 1972. At this point, competitors abroad will Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, the De­ dustry to the Office of Special Representative merely have to decide which of our products partment of the Interior issued a news for Trade Negotiations and provided that they want to replace, and knock them off one release under date of June 5, 1970, re­ office with a complete analysis of the dye 1n..: by one, as their production capacity is in­ porting on findings that the pesticide dustry here and abroad, including projec­ creased. tions of production and import-export Imports and foreign controlled manufac­ dieldrins is causing an increasing num­ trends. ture already account for 50 per cent of dye ber of Bald Eagle deaths. Our principal product is vat dyes for cot­ consumption in the United States. So that my colleagues may be aware ton. It is an extremely labor-intensive fam­ Isn't this enough? It is more than enough! of this disturbing report, I include the ily of dyes, the fastest available for cotton What this country needs today is not a text of the Department of the Interior textile fabrics. "Second" giveaway package but a second look news release at this point in the REcoRD: Although small, our company has been at its foreign trade policy and the determina­ innovative in product development and pro­ tion to bring it in line with the realities of DIELDRIN PESTICIDE CAUSING INCREASING duction methods. We pride ourselves on the international competition in the world NUMBER OF BALD EAGLE DEATHS quality of service we provide our customers, marketplace. Commissioner Charles H. Meacham of the the Blue Book of the textile industry. We Interior Department's Fish and Wildlife have, for example, designed, built and placed Service reported today that scientists at in operation the world's only travelling tech­ Patuxent Wildlife Research Center in Laurel, nical service laboratory to solve problems Md., have detected pesticide poisoning from THE 30 YEARS OF SUFFERING BY at customers' plants. THE BALTIC STATES dieldrin in growing numbers of bald eagles We are here to oppose the Separate Pack­ found dead in the United States. age proposal because it would have a tre­ Dieldrin is a persistent pesticide like DDT, mendously adverse impact on our company, HON. ROBERT 0. TIERNAN but considerably more toxic. Residue analy­ innovative and enterprising though we are, ses are performed 8Jt the Patuxent Center, and because there is no equitable or work­ OF RHODE ISLAND operated by Interior's Bureau of Sport Fish­ able substitute for American Selling Price IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES eries and Wildlife, for all bald eagles found valuation. Monday, June 15, 1970 dead in the United States by cooperators. For the products that we manufacture, the The national bird is declining in numbers Separate Package actually provides for an Mr. TIEltNAN. Mr. Speaker, today in most parts of the country except Alaska, average additional reduction of 47.3 per cent marks the sad anniversary of 30 years where about 7,000 bald eagles remain. beyond the 50 per cent duty cuts agreed to of suffering by the Baltic States of Lat­ Commissioner Meacham said that in 1968, in the Kennedy Round. the last year for which research results have via, Lithuania, and Estonia under Soviet Our basis for this statement is simple. captivity. The people of these states have been completed, 7 of 26 bald eagles exam­ We have received written quotations from ined had high levels of dieldrin in the brain. manufacturers abroad for our line of been denied all of their basic human Two of these birds also were diseased, but products. rights of self-determination and the right dieldrin was the only apparent cause of death We first calculated in cents-per-pound the to freely choose their political states. The in the remaining five. The dieldrin victims duty that would be applicable under Ameri­ Baltic people have been dominated, sub­ came from Florida, Wisconsin, Maryland, Mis­ can Selling Price after the full 50 per cent jugated, and exploited by the Soviets and souri, and South carolina. Kennedy Round cut is operative. forcibly deprived of their God-given Of the 22 bald eagles found dead in 1967, Then, using the bonafide price quotations rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of one from Minnesota had a lethal dosage-9.5 which we obtained from abroad, we calcu­ parts per million. Of 21 found dead in 1966, lated the duty in cents-per-pound that would happiness. none had lethal levels of dieldrin. be applicable if the Separate Package were I believe that all of the Members of Commissioner Meacham said research at implemented. Congress and all freedom-loving peoples Patuxent indicates that dieldrin is hazardous The duties calculated !or American Selling support the Baltic States of Latvia, to eagles when residues in the brain approach Price and Separate Package were averaged Lithuania, and Estonia in their drive for about 4 parts per milllon. out for the dyes that comprise one-half ot self-determination rights. Today I am 19806 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1970 w·ging the President of the United I like to think, to dream, and to plan. In IS HARVARD AWAKENING? States to implement House Concurrent what other country could you think, dream, Resolution 416 which was unanimously and plan a future like you can in this coun­ adopted by the Congress in 1966. try? The world has literally been placed at HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL my feet. I will be free to work, eat, sleep, I hope all of us will bring the force of speak, pray, and live as I desire. I can choose OF ILLINOIS world opinion to bear on behalf of the my field of work and get the necessary edu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES restoration of these rights to the Baltic cation to accomplish my goal. If my parents Monday, June 15, 1970 people. cannot financially cover the cost of my edu­ cation, the government will again be there Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, there has with a helping hand in the form of loans and been a good deal of discussion in recent THIS IS MY COUNTRY grants. It's almost like a dream-a beautiful weeks of a plan which I believe origi­ dream. nated at Princeton University that The United States of America is my Coun­ try. Thank God. would permit classes to be suspended for HON. JOHN W. BYRNES 2 weeks next fall so that students might OF WISCONSIN campaign for "antiwar" candidates be­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AUTHORIZING U.S. FLAGS FOR fore the election. Monday, June 15, 1970 PRESENTATION TO PARENTS OF While Princeton and a few other DECEASED SERVICEMEN schools are adopting this program, it is Mr. BYRNES of Wisconsin. Mr. interesting to see that Harvard Univer­ Speaker, at a time when youthful dis­ sity is not going along and the faculty, senters are monopolizing the newspaper · HON. JAMES F. HASTINGS by an overwhelming vote, has rejected headlines, it is a pleasure to read the OF NEW YORK the whole idea. words of a young man who appreciates IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES An editorial appearing in the Sun­ the many benefits of our form of govern­ Monday, June 15, 1970 day, June 14, 1970, edition of the Chi­ ment. cago Tribune discusses the Harvard de­ A young constituent of mine, Peter Mr. HASTINGS. Mr. Speaker, my cision and I ask that it be placed in the Bierstecker of Combined Locks, 'Vis., bill authorizing the presentation of RECORD at this point. the U.S. flag to parents of deceased serv­ wrote the winning essay in the 1970 Is HARVARD A WAKENING? Americanism essay contest sponsored by icemen comes before the House today, and I would earnestly urge its quick Harvard University, which has done so the Ame1ican Legion Auxiliary of the much to make dissent fashionable, may now State of Wisconsin. Peter is a ninth­ adoption. be realizing that dissent can be carried too grade student at J. R. Gerritts Junior Some time ago I faced the sad task, far. On Monday, by an overwhelming vote, High School of Kimberly, Wis. as have we all, of arranging for the pres­ the faculty rejected a proposal to suspend It is with great pride that I include entation of a U.S. flag to the wife of a classes for two weeks next tall so that stu­ his winning essay: serviceman from my district who had dents (and no doubt faculty members, too] been killed in the fighting in Vietnam. might campaign for anti-war candidates be­ THIS Is MY COUNTRY I also desired to make a similar pres­ fore the ~lection. I do not have the &nswers to the Vietnam entation to the parents, but found that The faculty approved a motion declaring War, air and stream pollution, population that the university's function is learning explosion, or the equal rights movement. I no provisions existed in the law permit- _ and scholarship, not politics, and that po­ only know how I feel about living in the ting such. The current regulation states litical decisions "must be individual, not United States of America. that the U.S. flag shall be presented to institutional." It said that when a faculty As a pre-schooler I accepted without ques­ the surviving spouse or next-of-kin only. or a university "accommodates its work or tion all the wonderful things around me. My bill would amend the rule so that reshapes -its goals to political purposes, how­ I took for granted the comfort and safety of a second fiag may be provided for the ever worthy, its function will be jeopardized, my home, and the joys out-doors. Then I parents or persons who have served in its quality eroded, and its existence ulti­ learned to read and started to study history. a parental capacity. I think that this mately brought into question." The word "regulation" kept popping up. My The faculty was not even in a mood for government had protected the animals in is only fitting since the flag has an equal­ compromise. It rejected a resolution pro­ the woods, the fish in the water, and the ly precious meaning to the parents as well viding that while classes should be held as birds in the sky. It set aside parks to pre­ as to the widow. usual, students who departed for the cam­ serve their natural beauty. Through laws There can be no real understanding paign should not be penalized for the work they tried to maintain peace and safety for by others of the deep grief which en­ they missed. us all whether we were at home or away, on gulfs a family when the grim word comes The faculty which has now condemned the the road, in the air, or on the water. It was that a loved one has died in the serv­ intrusion of politics inoo academic affairs at this point that I began to think of my is the same fe.culty, curiously enough, which government as a sort of guardian angel-a ice of his country. The presentation of only last year voted for purely political rea­ figure who was always present to guard and the flag can .serve in some small way sons to deprive R.O.T.C of its academic protect my rights and freedoms. to speak for the rest of us in the Na­ standing. Today, I realize that all the wonderful tion, letting the parents as well as the It had begun to look as if Harvard, the things I have around me are gifts, and that widow, know that we share in their sor­ most prestigious university in the country, a great price has been paid for these gifts. row and join in their prayers. were becoming a sort of Berkeley East where The cost list is long-Lexington, Valley There are many others here, I know, the venerable ,motto of "Veritas" (Truth] Forge, Fort Sumter, Gettysburg, Marne, Ar­ who join me in these feelings. Sixty was being battered about by transitory and gonne Forest, Salerno, Normandy, Okinawa, emotional winds. Harvard has given a cer­ Old Baldy, Pork Chop Hill, Heartbreak Ridge, Members of Congress have cospon­ tain academic respectability to student Korea and Vietnam. Yes, my ancestors left sored the bill or have t_>roposed similar strikes and riots, faculty participation and their blood at these places along with their pieces of legislation. The measure has encouragement, and administrative submis­ hopes and desires for the future. I hope they the unanimous endorsement of the House sion. all know that their dreams have come true. Committee on Armed Services. It is Steven Kelman, a Harvard senior [just Because of them I am being offered all the strongly recommended by the Depart­ graduated], described in his book, "Push stepping stones that lead to a promising ment of Defense, and there is no op­ Comes to Shove," how Harvard has been po­ future. I walk into a library and know that position to its passage by the Bureau larized by a handful of agitators. Later, vis­ anything and everything I want to read and iting Northwestern University for The Trib­ learn about is available for the asking. I of the Budget. une, he found once again that the instiga­ walk into school and know that our educa­ It is appropriate that this proposal tors of violence were a small group-and that tion system has been geared to giving me the come before the House on the day after almost every one of them came from the best. I go camping in the summer time at Flag Day, a time when all join in pay­ east or west coasts. Harvard and the Univer­ State and Federal Parks that offer beautiful ing honor to the stars and stripes as a sity of California at Berk.~ley have become camp sites; guided nature hikes; and clear symbol of the freedom we enjoy in this models of disruption to be emulated by dis­ lakes for swimming, boating, and fishing. I Nation. The flag is also a symbol of the senters all over the country. have written to many departments of our In the light of all this, it is encouraging government, and have always received all the sacrifices made by our sons and daugh­ that Harvard seems to be reversing the trend; help I've asked for. It seems that the govern­ ters in preserving that freedom. Adop­ that while Princeton and other universities ment has "left no stone unturned" in its tion of this bill today will be another are bending to the demand for time off for attempt to give me every chance for success way of showing our deep gratitude for electioneering, or giving academic credit to and happiness. their sacrifices. students who have done little to deserve it, t I I 1 I June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19807 ) ,( Harvard seems to be moving back onto the cage and pushed him through it so he could THE ART OF RED BARN academic reservation. reach the chamber. CAMPAIGNING Nor is it wholly irrelevant to note that When his daughter, Lucinda, was born ~ Vice President Agnew has chosen as his chief seven years ago, Bennett took his wife to the ) speech writer J. C. Helms, 29 years old, who hospital in early morning and waited with her HON. HOWARD W. ROBISON :· attended Harvard as an undergraduate and until mid-afternoon. OF NEW YORK has just received a. Harvard graduate degree "The doctor told me it would be late that in philosophy. Mr. Helms attracted attention night before the baby would be born so I de­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES last summer when, testifying before a Senate cided to drive to the Capitol and see what Monday, June 15, 1970 subcommittee, he delivered what one senator was doing. I walked in in the midst of an un­ called "a ringing indictment of the Harvard expected roll call. Even if they had alerted Mr. ROBISON. Mr. Speaker, for some administration" for capitulating to violence. me at the hospital when a vote was called I years now, those of us from the south­ Fads come and go quickly, fortunately, and would have been too far away to have arrived ern tier of New York State have had the if Harvard shows that it is no longer willing in time," he said. pleasure of reading the caustic wit and to play along with the present fad of mixing SPENDING WEEKEND AT HOME wisdom of the "Bard of Binghamton," politics and education, it will redeem its worthy reputation and serve as a good ex­ Bennett recalls the Sunday night he was Tom Cawley. Mr. Cawley's column regu­ ample for weaker university administrations spending a weekend in his Jacksonville home larly appears in the Binghamton Evening elsewhere. when he learned that flights to Washington Press; and his field of vision has extended had been cancelled because of snow. to a wide variety of matters. He is un­ "The train for Washington had already doubtedly the principal authority on lo­ TWENTY-SIX YEARS OF OBSTACLES left. But I knew that another train from cal lore and history, he is an expert on South Florida passed through a town not too far from Jacksonville. So I raced to that the species "man," and his observations HON. ROBERT L. F. SIKES community, flagged the train and bought my on the gyrations of people both famous OF FLORIDA ticket on board," he said. and infamous have made him widely read IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Once he broke a leg and his doctor would and widely appreciated. not allow him to leave the hospital when a Last week, the New York Times printed Monday, June 15, 1970 vote was expected because the cast had not a column by Tow Cawley which first ap­ hardened. peared in the Evening Press. The column Mr. SIKES. Mr. Speaker, I was very "I telephoned the floor manager of the bill, pleased to note an article which ap­ told him how anxious I was to keep my voting reveals the keen eye which has made him peared in the Evening Star recently laud­ record intact and asked him to delay the vote a great reporter; and it reveals also the ing the exemplary voting record of our until the next day. This required unanimous sharp, but warm humor which has made distinguished colleague, the Honorable consent of the House but the floor manager him such an outstanding person. I in­ CHARLES E. BENNETT. I want to bring this asked for and received it. sert the full column, which takes a hu­ article to the particular attention of my "I was on hand to vote the next day," he morous look at downstate campaigners colleagues for I am certain there are none said. adjusting to the upstate constituency, be­ among us who have not admired the full cause I know it is bound to be enjoyed extent of Congressman BENNETT's able DAY OF MOURNING IN BALTICS by many of my colleagues. and dedicated efforts on behalf of his (From the New York Times, June 6, 1970] Florida constituents and our country. He HON. EDWARD J. PATTEN TOPICS: THE ART OF RED BARN CAMPAIGNING is a longtime, serious, and devoted public (By Tom Cawley) OF NEW JERSEY servant, and those whom he represents BINGHAMTON, N.Y.-In the 1966 campaign in the Congress are indeed fortunate. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for Governor, Frank O'Connor of New York I submit the article for reprinting in Monday, June 15, 1970 City stepped out of an airplane at Bingham­ the RECORD: ton, ready to read a statement carefully BENNETT'S VOTE RECORD: 20 YEARS OF Mr. PATTEN. Mr. Speaker, yesterday prepared for the occasion. It was a lyrical OBSTACLES was a day of mourning in the Baltic tribute to Broome County, queen of dairy­ (By Dillon Graham) States of Europe for it brought to mind land. that night in 1941 when 60,000 men, A local political reporter glanced through Rep. Charles E. Bennett overcame broken women, and children were arrested, the text swiftly and muttered to a city boy limbs, grounded planes, snowstorms and dragged from their homes, herded into from the New York Times who had accom­ stalled elevators to capture the longest con­ panied O'Connor on his upstate grope, "There secutive voting record in congressional his­ cattle cars and shipped like freight to haven't been any cows around here since tory. the most forbidding regions of the So­ Mrs. O'Leary ruined their image." The word The Florida Democrat has cast 2,467 con­ viet Union. This was the first mass de­ got back to the Democratic nominee. His secutive roll call votes in a series that started portation, followed by others in 1945 and advisers suppressed the statement immedi­ June 5, 1951. He broke former Rep. Paul 1949, in which over half a million Baltic ately and Mr. O'Connor ad libbed something Brown's record of 16 years, seven months and people eventually perished. or other. 27 days. These wonderful people had lived in His confusion was no less than that of What was Bennett's closest squeak? peace for 22 years under the peace treaty Averell Harriman, who is at home in New He thinks it was the time he started driv­ Delhi, Paris and Sun Valley, but, like most ing from his Falls Church, Va., home in a of 1920 and the League of Nations. They politicians from the big city, awash in dis­ snowstorm at 7 a.m. and skidded into a had built their hospitals and schools, orientation upstate. During a campaign, on ditch. He walked to a bus stop but the bus and their individual economies on a the eve of Election Day, Mr. Harriman made a took three hours for a normal 45 minute basis of peace and freedom. The Soviet brief appearance at the door of his aJ.rplane run. Union, however, did not honor this at Binghamton and murmured how delighted HE WALKED ALL THE WAY peace, and these tiny nations were over­ he was to find himself once again in Elmira. 'That left me more than a dozen blocks run. For almost 30 years now the Rus­ It is a political axiom to all residents of from the Capitol with no buses or cabs in sions have been trying to wipe out any the vast upstate spaces that all candidates sight. I walked all the way, falling twice. trace of the Baltic States, but they can for public office live in Manhattan, the Bronx, "I walked up those long snow-covered steps Brooklyn or Long Island. Every four years, on the West Front of the Capitol and into never erase the memories of freedom with their regalia clanking, their press aides the House where a roll call was in process and that still dwell in the hearts of the Bal­ whispering hoarsely, "No, not Binningtin, almost ended. A few minutes more and I tic people everywhere. Many Latvians, it's Bing-ham-ton!," their outriders alert for would have been too late," he said. Estonians, and Lithuanians who fied Indian raiding parties, the candidates ven­ His record is all the more remarkable their homelands during the last 30 years ture north of Riverdale to distribute trinkets because he has to wear a long brace on his have settled in my congressional district. to the natives. right leg and walk with a cane. He contracted It is through them that I have come to HORSES AND HIGHWAYS polio while a guerrilla fighter in the Philip­ know how precious is the freedom we as pines during World War II. They strive wistfully to identify with the a Nation take so for granted. picture their speech writers paint. They are He has kept his record going despite break­ Mr. Speaker, I ask my colleagues to briefed on new-mown hay. The children in ing one leg four times and both arms. In the big centralized school districts of the 1968, when he had a broken leg, he went to look upon June 14 not as a day of to sprawling suburbs around the industrial cen­ the House in a wheelchair to vote. mourning, but as a day of dedication ters occasionally do get to see new-mown Once he was in an elevator in the Capitol freedom, a day on which we all rededi­ hay in a TV educational film given over to with other congressmen when it stalled dur­ cate ourselves to the cause of peace the quaint old practice of farming, feP..turtng ing a roll call. They opened the top of the everywhere. posed hayseeds. 19808 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1970 They are filed in on red-painted barns. Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia by the ties and far below the salary level they There are so few operable barns that a horse's Soviet Union. Further, the memory of \ neigh scares the drag racers off the four-lane had been receiving. The purchasing highways that crisscross upstate. They are this tragedy should encourage action in­ power in several areas of the country, } given the picture of bewhiskered old Yorkers suring against yet another. such as Michigan and southern Califor­ ' whose conversation consists of "Yup." Tbe It is with this in mind that we must nia, will be lowered more significantly only beards to be found upstate are on the work to build a world in which small na­ than the present unemployment figures 45-odd huge State University campuses that tions can retain their individuality and would indicate. This will be followed by gradually are pushing the Adirondack Moun­ where self-determination can mean more unemployment in other segments once tains back into Canada, and where conversa­ than mere words. tion has graduated beyond one clean syllable. the effects of this reduction in spendable The Red Barn Syndrome is the fault of In observing this anniversary, we ex­ income in these specific areas begins to the New York City political reporters. At least tend our expression of concern to peo­ reach out. It is a grave error to cover once during every statewide campaign, every ple of Lithuanian, Latvian, and Estonian these facts with the national figures, New York writer is required to write one descent in our land and about the globe, because their specific serious nature will misty, Iroquois-smoke-tinted mood piece assuring them we have not forgotten. eventually affect the national picture. about the new red paint on the barns along I predict that the administration will Broome County roads, or lose his franchise. The fact is that public safety experts have immediately pick up attention to and ex­ tabooed red as a color for roadside objects press concern for legislation aimed at al­ because at night the human eye has great THE ADMINISTRATION MUST GIVE leviating the pangs of unemployment. difficulty detecting anything painted red. MORE EFFORT TO THE FUTURE The Youth Conservation Corps is a like­ This is known as Perkinje's Shift, the discov­ ly candidate for this crisis attention. It ery of Dr. J. E. Perkinje (1787-1869). It is be­ HON. RICHARD T. HANNA will not, nor do I expect other like meas­ cause of Perkinje's Shift that upstate fire ures, to bring effective solution to our trucks are being painted yellow, but that's OF CALIFORNIA basic problems. another story. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES As I have said before, the real answer IN THE STICKS Monday, June 15, 1970 is in developing new thrusts for the use The New York politicians try so strenu­ ously to relate to the sticks that they overdo Mr. HANNA. Mr. Speaker, ·last week of our industrial complex and its tech­ it. The late Senator Robert F. Kennedy (who I warned this House that the adminis­ nological and scientific skills. A directed delighted in saying, "I'm off to Johnson City" tration's "fire bridgade" technique on flow of both manpower resources and to the confusion of his advisers, who thought the economy would push them from capital resources to a dynamic new as­ the only Johnson City was along the Peder­ crisis crisis. The newest crisis is "il­ sault on transportation; an innovative nales River) took upstate to his bosom. to and carefully executed plan for water In a rush of affection, he got thu·teen of liquidity.'' Corporations, governments, and individuals are :finding it increas­ reclamation and pollution control; a its counties, gleaming with industrial plants sensible and well-financed effort in re­ and bursting with a:tnuence, declared as part ingly difficult to have and hold on hand of Appalachia. This still has the boards cf sufficient money to service their cash habilitation of old cities and location directors in the country clubs of Broome flow requirements. Pressure predictably and induced building of new cities; and County fidgeting as they hoist their bunded will now mount for the Federal Reserve an· organized program for long-range whisky and toast the ways of downstat e to increase the money supply above 4 ocean research and ocean resource campaigners. percent. This will give us no end of ago­ expansion. nizing, for industrial output for May fell Without a new set of goals and pro­ by 0.8 percent, the largest decline in 10 grams sensibly funded to attain such months of steadily reduced production. goals, we will not be creating acceptable COMMEMORATING CAPTIVITY OF wealth in consort with the new values BALTIC STATES Since production is the indicator for new wealth and new wealth is the sup­ and standards which really give people porter of new money, you do not have to the confidence they now lack in both our HON. CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI economy and in our money. be a graduate economist to see that this The administration must give more OF WISCONSIN situation is not a comfortable one. effort to the future and less to :fire:fight­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I predict, however, that the money ing. They need to stop fiddling and start Monday, June 15, 1970 supply will be increased. This will be composing. Our people need the new accepted domestically but will increase Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Speaker, today is themes to march by and they are getting the already perceived rumblings from in­ the ricky-ticky tunes of the past played indeed a sad day in the history of free­ ternational quarters about the sound­ more for diversion than for direction. dom and independence. ness of the dollar. We can anticipate a It was on this day 30 years ago that the new play by the "gold group" to replay peace-loving peoples of the Baltic States the whole scenario on the drive for gold CAPTIVE NATIONS were forced under the domination of So­ reserves and an accompanying pressure viet rule. We commemorate this tragic on the dollar. Fighting the gold group is anniversary as an unfortunate example like battling crabgrass-any letup or HON. SILVIO 0. CONTE of man's occasional inhumanity to his any opportunities are quickly exploited OF liiASSACHUSE'rl'S fellow man in the hope that the people and gains are immediately threatened. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia will In short, then, attention to the internal once again enjoy the freedom they once crisis of illiquidity will rekindle the dual Monday, June 15, 1970 knew. external crises of gold flow and attacks Mr. CONTE. Mr. Speaker, on June 15, The Baltic States have sought peace on the American dollar. 1940-30 years ago today-Lithuania, throughout their history. But geography On another front, the truly effective Latvia, and Estonia were invaded and placed them in a vulnerable position: weapon against inflation is increasingly occupied. That of small states resting in the shadow evident-unemployment. The latest fig­ The Baits are proud peoples who have of a giant nation, Russia. ures show another marked increase. Five lived peacefully on the shores of the Russian Communism did not reach percent will soon be giving way to a Baltic from time immemorial. For in­ Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia through prediction of 6 percent as the deteriora­ stance, this year marks the 719th anni­ legal or democratic processes although tion effects in the economy take hold. versary of the formation of the Lithu­ the Kremlin likes to claim that the Baits Although the Wall Street Journal had an anian state when Mindaugas the Great voted for inclusion into the Soviet realm. article on today's front page explaining unified all Lithuanian principalities into This incorporation brought with it a why the present :figures were not all that one kingdom in 1251. brutal occupation, costing these people bad, the full story is more complex and The Lithuanians, Latvians, and Es­ nearly one-quarter of their population less favorable. Many persons in the work tonians have suffered for centuries from and endangering the survival of Baltic force are becoming underemployed. That the "accident of geography." From the culture and traditions. is to say, engineers, draftsmen, produc­ west they were invaded by the Teutonic The United States has refused to rec­ tion specialists, and even scientists are Knights and from the east by the Rus­ ognize this seizure and subjugation of taking jobs far beneath their capabili- sians. June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19809 Since the beginning of Soviet occupa­ DDT: A DECISION FROM THE MADI­ the reproductive processes of fish eating birds. tion, the Baits have waged an intensive SON HEARING Because of this Van Susteren said, DDT fight for freedom. The U.S. Government and one or more of its related chemicals was has refused to recognize the "incorpora­ HON. DAVID R. OBEY an environmental pollutant under the law. tion" of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia The hearing was held on a petition of the into the Soviet Union. We maintain dip­ OF WISCONSIN Citizens Natural P..esources Association and lomatic relations with the former free IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Wisconsin Izaak Walton League for a declar­ Monday, June 15, 1970 atory ruling on whether DDT could be Governments of the Baltic States. Since banned as pollutant. June 1940, all the Presidents of this Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, in December The hearing began Dec. 2, 1968, and lasted country have stated our nonrecognition 1968, extensive hearings by the Wiscon­ several weeks. Testimony filled 2,811 pages policy. sin Department of Natural Resources of transcript and the exhibits filled another In 1966, the Congress adopted House were initiated on the subject of DDT. 1,690 pageE<. Concurrent Resolution 416 which calls Those hearings, held in Madison, were to SALE, USE NOW BANNED for freedom for Lithuania, Latvia, and determine whether DDT should be classi­ The Industry Task Force for DDT of the Estonia. I would like to conclude my re­ fied as a water pollutant and, therefore, National Agricultural Chemicals Association marks with a copy of that resolution. I subject to regulation under the State defended the chemical. Victor J. Yannacone, hope my colleagues and the American Jr., Patchogue, N.Y., acted as "prosecutor" Water Quality Act. for the Environmental Defense Fund that op­ people will read it closely on this 30th Those hearings went on for many anniversary of occupation: posed DDT. weeks and resulting testimony filled Since the hearing, the Wisconsin Legisla­ H. CoN. RES. 416 thousands of pages. This was the first as­ ture banned the sale or use of DDT in Wis­ Whereas the subjection of peoples to alien sault on the merits and demerits of this consin. However, the petitioners were anx­ subjugation, domination, and exploitation chemical, and many persons have anx­ ious to get Van Susteren's ruling as precedent continues a denial of fundamental human iously been awaiting the results of that for use in other states. rights, is contrary to the Charter of the EDF and Sen. Gaylord Nelson (D-Wis.) United Nations, and is an impediment to hearing for some time. h ave been seeking a national ban. the promotion of world peace and coopera­ A ruling on this case has been made, The defenders of DDT can appeal the rul­ tion; and Mr. Speaker, and it is most gratifying for ing to Natural Resources Secretary L. P. Whereas all peoples have the right to self­ those who have been pleading the case Voight and then to Dane County Circuit determination; by virtue of that right they against DDT for many years. Court under administrative review. freely determine their political status and After reviewing the thousands of pages BENEFITS NOT AN ISSUE freely pursue their economic, social, cultural, of hearing testimony, the hearing ex­ and religious development; and Van Susteren quoted liberally from the voluminous testimony in his ruling. Whereas the Baltic peoples of Estonia, Lat­ aminer for the State Department of Nat­ via, and Lithuania have been forcibly de­ ural Resources has reported the follow­ - He noted the great economic benefits from ing regarding DDT: DDT in agriculture and pest control and prived of these rights by the Government added: "Without doubt, DDT has provided of the Soviet Union; and Its ingestion and dosage therefore cannot enormous economic benefits, but economic Whereas the Government of the Soviet be controlled ... a n d minute amounts of the benefits are not an issue or part of any Union, through a program of deportations chemical, while not producing observable issue in this case." and resettlement of peoples, continues in its clinical effects, do have biochemical, pharma­ He said in his opinion: efiort to change the ethnic character of the cological and neurophysiological effects of "Clinically observable toxic effects of DDT populations of the Baltic States; and public health significance. in humans are obtained only with extremely Whereas it has been the firm and consis­ In short, Mr. Speaker, he has ruled large dosages by sudden extreme exposure. tent policy of the Government of the United ... Clinically observable efiects are evident States to support the aspirations of Baltic after much consideration that DDT is injury, illness, loss of body function which peoples for self-determination and national harmful to humans as well as to fish and directly inconveniences a person at work and independence; and wildlife. As a result, the examiner has at play. Toxicity, as the word is ordinarily Whereas there exist many historical, cul­ ruled that this chemical and one or more expressed, is related to dosage, which in turn tural, and family ties between the peoples of its related chemicals is an environ­ is related to storage. of the Baltic States and the American peo­ mental pollutant under State law. FOUND EVERYWHERE ple: Be it Resolved by the House of Representatives This decision is one of the most signifi­ "DDT is ubiquitous. It is found in the at­ (the Senate concurring), That the House of cant to date regarding pesticides and the mosphere, soil, water and in food in what Representatives of the United States urge environment. Most significant is the fact might be considered minute amounts. The the President of the United States- that it is a decision based not on emotion, chemical property of being soluble in lipid or (a) to direct the attention of world opin­ but on facts. It is a welcome decision and fat tissue results in storage primarily in the ion at the United Nations and at other appro­ will certainly be considered when States body fat and nervous systems in all orga­ priate international forums and by such other than Wisconsin establish water nisms in all levels of food chains. It is there­ means as he deems appropriate, to the denial fore impossible to establish levels, tolerances of the rights of self-determination for the quality standards. or concentrations at which DDT is toxic or peoples of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, and A newspaper article announcing the harmful to human, animal and aquatic life. (b) to bring the force of world opinion to decision appears below: bear on behalf of the .restoration of these DDT RULED DANGEROUS FOR HUMANS rights to the Baltic peoples. MADISON, Wxs.-The hearing examiner in Wisconsin's famed DDT inquiry has ruled ISRAELIS FEAR WAR OF ATTRITION that DDT is harmful to humans and subject AS SOLDIER DEATHS MOUNT to regulation under the state water quality MAN'S INHUMANITY TO MAN­ act. HOW LONG? Maurice Van Susteren said in a 29 page HON. BOB WILSON ruling mailed out last week that it was not OF CALIFORNIA possible to set tolerance levels for DDT be­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cause it had the characteristic of being ac­ HON. WILLIAM J. SCHERLE Monday, June 15, 1970 OF IOWA cumulated and stored in the human body and the food chain of aquatic life and some IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. BOB Wll.SON. Mr. Speaker, amid animals. mounting Russian-ins::ired agitation Monday, June 15, 1970 He added: and violence, Israel has been trying val­ "Its ingestion and dosage therefore cannot Mr. SCHERLE. Mr. Speaker, a child be controlled . . . and minute amounts of iantly to maintain its independence and asks: "Where is daddy?" A mother asks: the chemical, while not producing observ­ equilibrium in the troubled Middle East. "How is my son?" A wife asks: "Is my able clinical effects, do have biochemical, In this small beleaguered country, each husband alive or dead?" pharmacological and neurophysiological ef­ terrorist bombing and death is a very Communist North Vietnam is sadisti­ fects Of public health significance." personal thing. The casualty may well be cally practicing spiritual and mental gen­ HURTS FISH, BIRDS a relative or the child next door. Ray ocide on over 1,500 American prisoners In addition, he said, DDT at chronic low McHugh of the Copley News Service has of war and their families. levels was harmful to fish by reducing their captured a part of the spirit of Israel in How long? resistance to stress and it interfered with the following June 4 feature story from CXVI--la49-Part 15 19810 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1970 \ the San Diego Union and I am pleased to She still tells the story of an older sister, able William S. Moorhead, of the 14th Dis­ ) share it with my House colleagues: marked by experiences in Russia, who ran trict of Pennsylvania, and the Honorable screaming from a Milwaukee parade when Joseph Gaydos, of the 2oth District of Penn­ { ISRAELIS FEAR WAR OF ATTRITION AS she saw mounted policemen who she thought sylvania. -! SOLDIER DEATHS MOUNT were "Cossacks." Now, therefore, be it resolved that this \ (By Ray McHugh) Eshkol, in an interview before his death in Board of Commissioners of Allegheny County l 1969, told this writer about spending weeks commend these Representatives and make \ JERUSALEM.-The little procession of sol­ \ diers, led by a rabbi, walked at slow cadence locked in his home in what was Lithuania known our total support of such legislation; through the Jersualem street and busy as the czar's police searched for Jews. and crowds grew silent. In another interview, Ben-Gurion spoke al­ Be it further resolved that this Board Men bared their heads and twisted their most wistfully of the 3 million Jews still liv­ strongly urge the Congress of the United hats awkwardly in their fingers. ¥ 7 Jmen ing in the Soviet Union and of the contri­ States to enact into law without delay a bowed their heads. A few sobbed and the bution they could make to his little country. measure which will provide our working words of ancient Hebrew prayers hung in the None of this is lost on the Israelis. people the safeguards which are no more warm afternoon air. Doubt and disappointment have tempered than their just due. War is a strangely personal thing in this the excitement that followed the six-day Resolved and enacted this 7th day of May, little country. war of 1967. The peace they thought they had 1970. Each victim of Egyptian artillery along the won has slowly slipped like sand through LEONARD STAISEY, Suez Canal or El Fatah mines along the Jor­ their fingers. But hope lives almost fiercely THOMAS J. FOERSTER, danian, Syrian and Lebanese bo!"-'. "rs is lit­ in these people. WILLIAM HUNT, erally "the boy next door." "Give peace a chance to breathe," pleads B oard of County Commissioners. Evening newscasts lead off with the names Eban. Att est: and addresses of any soldiers killed that day. THOMAS B. CARPENTER, "To delay even a few minutes would pro­ Chief Clerk. voke thousands of telephone call: from anx­ RESOLUTION SUPPORTING SAFETY ious mothers, sai~: a radio newsman. AND HEALTH STANDARDS This family concept may have an impor­ tant bearing on Israel's policies in this period BALTIC PEOPLES LOST THEffi of diplomatic impasse and rising casualties. HON. WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD FREEDOM 30 YEARS AGO "We are not prepared, physically or emo­ OF PENNSYLVANIA tionally, for a long drawn-out war of r.ttri­ tion, said a university professor. "We lost 30 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. GLENN CUNNINGHAM to 35 men killed in May. We cannot afford Monday, June 15, 1970 OF NEBRASKA such losses. We will have to take some kind IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of action." Mr. MOORHEAD. Mr. Speaker, the Israel has less than 3 million people-only dignity and importance of the American Monday, June 15, 1970 2.5 milllon Jews-and they are knitted to:. workingman has been attested to time gether by adversity. Those of middle age and and time again by this Congress. Mr. CUNNINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, this older remember the horrors of World War II Currently, the House Education and week marks the 30th anniversary of the in Europe, the persecutions and ostracism Labor Committee is considering legisla­ loss of independence by the Baltic States of hostile Arab lands like Yemen, Morocco, tion which I, and a number of others, of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania and Iraq, or the struggle in Palestine, first to have introduced, the Occupational their absorption into the Soviet Union. build homes, then to claim independence Estonia and Latvia were independent from the British mandate and encircling Safety and Health Act of 1969. This legislation would establish safety nations until the 13th century and Lith­ Moslem nations. uania remained independent until 1386, Younger adults are veterans of the 1956 and health standards for all American and 1967 wars and the years of privation that workers in all industries and work areas. when it established a union with Poland have turned Israel, despite its confiicts, into The conumsswners of Allegheny that lasted until the Russian partition a garden spot in the largely arid Middle East. County, where my city of Pittsburgh is of Poland in 1795. During World War I, Some are prone to dismiss the development located, have issued a resolution urging patriots in the three nations took ad­ of Israel as a product of the financial back­ passage of this bill. vantage of the weakening of the czarist ing by American and Western European Jews As Commissioners Staisey, Foerster, regime in Russia and declared themselves Bitter Arabs will charge that the Israelis independent nations. "stole" the rich soil of Palestine and drove and Hunt say of workingmen, these off Arabs whose roots here were 5,000 years safety standards represent their just Attempts by the Russian Red army to old. Some say the Israelis inherited and im­ due. In other words, we owe this legis­ destroy the new states proved futile and proved an already well-organized British lation to the working American. the countries entered into peace treaties administration. I would like to introduce this resolu­ with the Soviet Union guaranteeing the In each point there is a seed of truth, but tion into the RECORD and urge my col­ independence and sovereignty of Estonia, even put together they do not explain or Latvia, and Lithuania "voluntarily and diminish the accomplishments of Israel. leagues to vote for the establishment of national safety and health standards: forever." The Baltic States were admitted Now faced with direct Soviet participation to membership in the League of Nations on the side of Egypt, many commentators RESOLUTION OF ALLEGHENY COUNTY BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS in 1921. say Israel is living in its "darkest hour." During World War II, however, the Foreign Minister Abba Eban refuses to use Whereas, this nation owes its undisputed such dramatic terms. position as the greatest and most powerful Soviets charged these three countries "I do not deal in comparisons," he said. civilization the world has ever seen to the with forming a military alliance against "Suffice it to say that the situation is more limitless skills and driving energies of its Russia and demanded the establishment dangerous than it was a month ago." work force; and of friendly governments. This ultimatwn The average Israeli in the street, however, Whereas, the daily toil of this work force was followed by invasion of Lithuania does not always share the quiet confidence of men and women has generated the great 30 years ago today-June 15, 1940-and of the urbane minister. bounty of peace and prosperity as well as the Estonia and Latvia 2 days later. "It is a tragic comedy," said a Romanian­ military might needed to defend our free­ born taxi driver who fied Bucharest and the doms; and Mr. Speaker, the United States never Russians more than 20 years ago and who Whereas, safe and healthful working con­ has recognized the incorporation of the now has a 21-year-old son serving on the ditions for this work force is a. fundamental Baltic area into the Soviet Union. House Suez fronrt. · necessity if our national growth is to con­ Concurrent Resolution 416, passed on "It is as if the Russians were pursuing us, tinue and our resources are to be utilized June 21, 1965, in this body and on Octo­ determined to destroy us." fully; and ber 22, 1966, by the Senate, urged the Oddly enough, the three prime ministers Whereas, legislation on a national scale is President to direct the attention of the who have led Israel since it declared its in­ the logical means to ensure such safe and United Nations to the fact that the Soviet dependence in 1948 were all born in Russia. healthful conditions in order to prevent a Union has violated the United Nations David Ben-Gurion and the late Levi Eshkol hodgepodge of state and local laws which Charter by occupying Estonia, Latvia, fted the pogroms of the czars and ca.tne to could bring chaos without federal law to Palestine before World War I. Golda Meir provide meaningful standards; and and Lithuania. was taken to America as a girl of 5 and Whereas, legislation to ensure the required On this 30th anniversary of the con­ raised in Milwaukee where she became a federal standards for health and safety for quest of the Baltic nations, let us re­ schoolteacher before emigrating to Palestine our workers has been introduced into the member that people of Estonian, Lat­ in the 1920s. U.S. House of Representatives by the Honor- vian, and Lithuanian ancestry through- June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19811 out the world look forward to the day our country's nonrecognition policy of the Whereas the Government of the Soviet occupation of the Baltic States by the Krem­ Union, through a program of deportations when they can return to their home­ lin dictators. However, our country has done and resettlement of peoples, continues in its lands in freedom. very little, if anything, to help the suffering effort to change the ethnic character of the Mr. Speaker, I am indeed proud to be Baltic peoples to get rid of the Communist populations of the Baltic States; and a member of the Honorary Committee regimes in their countries. Whereas it has been the firm and consist­ of Americans for Congressional Action The case of the Baltic States is not a ques­ ent policy of the Government of the United to Free the Baltic States. I call to my tion about the rights of self-rule of Lithu­ States to support the aspirations of Baltic colleagues' attention the following ma­ ari.ia, Latvia and Estonia, since this is estab­ peoples for self-determination and national terial prepared by this organization and lished beyond any reasonable doubt, but the independence; and question is how to stop the Soviet crime and Whereas there exist many historical, cul­ House Concurrent Resolution 416: restore the freedom and independence of tural, and family ties between the peoples of RED TERROR IN LITHUANIA, LATVIA, AND these countries. The Select Committee of the the Baltic States and the American people: ESTONIA House of Representatives to Investigate the Be it The Kremlin is fond of saying that Rus­ Incorporation of the Baltic States into the Resolved by the House of Representatives sian imperialism died with the czar. But the U.S.S.R., created by the 83rd Congress, after (the Senate concurring), That the House of fate of the Baltic nations--Lithuania, Latvia having held 50 public hearings during which Representatives of the United States urge and Estonia-shows this to be a cruel fiction. the testimony of 335 persons was taken, made the President of the United States- The Communist regime did not come to a number of recommendations to our Gov­ (a) to direct the attention of world opin­ power in the Baltic States by legal or demo­ ernment pertaining to the whole question of ion at the United Nations and at other ap­ cratic process. The Soviet Union took over liberation of the Baltic States. According to propriate international forums and by such Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia by force of the findings of this House committee, "no means as he deems appropriate, to the denial arms. The Soviets invaded and occupied the nation, including the Russian Federated So­ of the rights of self-determination for the Baltic States in June of 1940, and the Baltic viet Republic, has ever voluntarily adopted peoples of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, peoples have been suffering in Russian-Com­ communism." All of them were enslaved by and munist slavery for 30 years. the use of infiltration, subversion, and force. (b) to bring the force of world opinion The Baits are proud peoples who have lived The American foreign policy toward the Com­ to bear on behalf of the restoration of these peacefully on the shores of the Baltic from munist enslaved nations, the aforesaid House rights to the Baltic peoples. time immemorial. For instance, this year committee stated, must be guided by "the marks the 719th anniversary of the forma­ moral and political principles of the Ameri­ tion of the Lithuanian state when Mindau­ can Declaration of Independence." The pres­ gas the Great- unified all Lithuanian prin­ ent generation of Americans, this commit­ MEMORIAL DAY SPEECH BY CHAP­ cipalities into one kingdom in 1251. tee suggested, should recognize that the LAIN MAJ. LAWRENCE B. GRAHAM The Lithuanians, Latvians and Estonians bonds which many Americans have with en­ have suffered for centuries from the "acci­ slaved lands of their ancestry are a great as­ dent of geography." From the West they were set to the struggle against communism and HON. WATKINS M. ABBITT invaded by the Teutonic Knights, 'from the that, furthermore, the Communist danger OF VIRGINIA East by the Russians. It took remarkable should be abolished during the present gen­ spiritual and ethnic strength to survive the eration. The only hope of avoiding a new IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pressures from both sides. The Baits, it world war, according to this committee, is a Monday, June 15, 1970 should be kept in mind, are ethnically re­ "bold, positive political offensive by the lated neither to the Germans nor the Rus­ United States and the entire free world."' The Mr. ABBI'IT. Mr. Speaker, Memorial sians. committee included a declaration of the U.S. Day is always a time of reflection and After the Nazis and Soviets smashed Po­ Congress which states that the eventual soul searching which causes each of us land in September of 1939, the Kremlin liberation and self-determination of nations not only to reaffirm our opposition to moved troops into the Baltic republics and are "firm and unchanging parts of our pol­ conflict among nations but also to pay annexed them in June of 1940. In one of his­ icy." homage to those who have given their tory's greatest frauds, "elections" were held At a time when the Western powers have under Red army guns. The Kremlin then granted freedom and independence to many lives in defense of freedom. claimed that Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia nations in Africa, Asia and other parts of Many fine addresses were made on voted for inclusion in the Soviet empire. the world, we must insist that the Commu­ Saturday, May 30, and I had the privi­ Then began one of the most brutal occupa­ nist colonial empire likewise extends free­ lege of attending one at City Point Na­ tions of all time. Hundreds of thousands of dom and independence to the peoples of tional Cemetery in Hopewell, Va., at Baits were dragged off to trains and jammed Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia whose lands which Chaplain Maj. Lawrence B. Gra­ into cars without food or water. Many died have been unjustly occupied and whose ham, of Fort Lee, was the speaker. I do from suffocation. The pitiful survivors were rightful place among the nations of the dumped out in the Arctic or Siberia. The world is being denied. Today and not tomor­ not believe that I have heard a more Baltic peoples have never experienced such row is the time to brand the Kremlin dicta­ challenging address than the one made an extermination and annihilation of their tors as the largest colonial empire in the by Chaplain Graham on that occasion. I people in their long history through cen­ world. By timidity, we invite further Com­ was so much impressed with it that I turies as during the last three decades. Since munist aggression. have asked him for permission to insert Recently the U.S. Congress has made June 15, 1940, these three nations have lost a it in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD SO that more than one fourth of their entire popu­ right direction by adopting H. Con. Res. 416 it can be read by not only other Mem­ lation. The genocidal operations and prac­ that calls for freedom for Lithuania, Latvia tices being carried out by the Soviets con­ and Estonia. All freedom-loving Americans bers of Congress but by the public at tinue with no end in sight. should urge the President of the United large. Since the very beginning of Soviet Russian States to implement this legislation by bring­ I take pleasure in inserting this speech occupation, however, the Baits have waged ing the issue of the liberation of the Baltic in the RECORD and commend it to the an intensive fight :tor freedom. During the States to the United Nations. We should have reading of the Members of the House. period between 1940 and 1952 alone, some a single standard for freedom. Its denl9.1 in The speech follows: 30,000 Lithuanian freedom fighters lost their the whole or in part, any place in the world, lives in an organized resistance movement including the Soviet Union is surely intoler­ MEMORIAL DAY SPEECH BY CHAPLAIN against the invaders. The cessation of armed able. MAJ. LAWRENCE B. GRAHAM guerrilla warfare in 1952 did not spell the Each year at this time we, individually and end of the Baltic resistance against Soviet H. CoN. RES. 416 collectively, honor those men of combat domination. On the contrary, resistance by Whereas the subjection of peoples to alien who in the common defense have made the passive means gained a new impetus. subjugation, domination, and exploitation supreme sacrifice-a sacrifice which cannot The Government of the United States of constitutes a denial of fundamental human be bought by all the resources known to America has refused to recognize the seizure rights, is contrary to the Charter of the man-a sacrifice that transcends the great­ and forced "incorporation" of Lithuania, United Nations, and is an impediment to ness of all that is great---e. sacrifice so unique Latvia and a-tonia by the Communists into the promotion of world peace and coopera­ that scientists over the centuries are still the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Our tion; and trying to understand it: The sacrifice of life Government maintains diplomatic relations Whereas all peoples have the right to self­ itself. with the former free Governments of the determination; by virtue of that right they To most of us, this commemoration is Baltic States. Since June of 1940, when the freely determine their political status and traditionally depicted by scenes of the quiet Soviet Union took over Lithuania, Latvia and freely pursue their economic, social, cultural, cemetery up on the hill outside of town. It Estonia, all of the Presidents of the United and religious development; and is hopefully a bright sunny day with a gentle States (Franklin D. Roosevelt, Harry S. Tru­ Whereas the Baltic peoples of Estonia, breeze tufting the grass blades and bending man, Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Ken­ Latvia, and Lithuania have been forcibly de­ the shade trees ever so slightly. The off-white nedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, and Richard M. prived of these rights by the Government of tombstones stand 1n proportioned lines, look­ Nixon) have stated, restated and confirmed the Soviet Union; and ing somewhat like m111tary forces in battle 19812 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1970 array. Here and there gravesites are watched national ideals inspired them, and the power dedication to simple challenges of "duty, over by small American flags. There are of the national spirit moved them to great honor, country" can inspire men to deeds be­ speeches and remembrance ceremonies con­ deeds of valor. yond their normal strength and courage. This ducted in big and little places on this day. Thus it is fitting on this day that we re­ is the spirit which protects the dream, and There is the music and the lonely sound call clearly the exclusive brotherhood of this is the dream for which men will face of "taps." Then everyone goes home. these honored heroes and what they died fire. This traditional scene, however, is far re­ for. So as we prepare to leave this ground where moved from the way m'bst of these men died. It is also fitting on this day to ask why sleep the brave, remember that the price of For these men, and for those who were fortu­ America has had to fight wars. A great freedom will never be cheap. Our presence tunate to live through it, war was a special American, General of the Army Omar Brad­ here emphasizes that the purchase price is province in which the Gods of chance rose to ley, had one answer. Listen to his words often life itself. full stature. They came to know that uncer­ spoken on another Memorial Day, in 1948, at However, 1f we raise our children with the tainty and confusion were inseparable from Longmeadow, Massachusetts: high ideals, dedication and determination of combat. That every action produced an en­ "This lad we buried today is partly the vic­ those patriots who have gone before us, we emy counteraction. That every action pro­ tim of your folly. He is the victim of your cannot fail. duced thousands of interlocking actions folly and the folly of all the pooce-loving If we firmly demonstrate to all who which created millions of smaller frictions, peoples who turned their backs on the ills threaten freedom that we will pay the price, ac<>idents and chances. They knew the un­ of the world. For at the very time those we increase the probability that the lives of known as the first-born son of combat and aggressors, at whose hands he met his death, Americans in the future will not be lost as uncertainty as its other self. conspired against the peace of the world, we they have been in the past. Yet they were not lacking in the resolve blinded ourselves to their threats and by If the world's aggressors are given pause by and determination necessary to withstand our shameful inaction countenanced their our steadfast refusal to compromise on free­ these pressures. On the contrary, they mani­ starting attacK. dom, these heroes we honor today may sleep fested an aura of confidence which is hard "Secure in distant and peaceful towns like peacefully, knowing they have not died in to put into words. It was confidence in their these, clinging to comforts, refusing risks, vain. ability to fight, and fight well. It was confi­ seeking safety in refuge and refuge in words, dence in the importance of themselves as we recanted power and conscience to side individuals-as men. It was confidence in with those who sought peace at any price. UNIONS AGAINST THE WAR themselves as a group-a mutual dependence Too late we discovered the price was too and respect of buddies in an outfit. And it high; and to keep our freedom we paid in was the firm belief that their country stood the bodies of our young sons. HON. DON EDWARDS behind them and backed them up in what "If the United States ever again stoops to OF CALIFQRNIA they had to do. expedients to avoid the difficult decisions This is not to say that they did not expe­ that come with leadership, the heavy bur­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES rience fear, for they most certainly did. They dens that come with defense, we shall once Monday, June 15, 1970 knew it intimately. They knew the violent more run the dangers of all half-way meas­ pounding of the heart; the sinking, sicken­ ures and waste our strength and conscience Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. ing feeling in the pit of the stomach; the as a weather vane rather than a force. Speaker, recent headlines about prowar cold sweat; the shaking of the hands and "If we cringe from the necessity of meet­ demonstrations by hard-fisted, hard-hat­ trembling of the body-much as does the ing issues boldly with principle, resolution, ted union members may lead some to athlete before the starting gun. And yet, and strength, then we shall simply hurdle believe this hawkish disposition is char­ with the bitter dryness of fear in their along from crisis to crisis, improvising with acteristic of union members everywhere. mouth, they went forward against enemy fire expedients, seeking inoffensive solutions, -sometimes not just once but many times. drugging the nation with an illusion of se­ To counteract that impression, I would Their world shrank to the immediacies of curity which under those conditions cannot like to enter in the RECORD two recent staying alive and destroying the enemy. exist. If we are to scamper from crisis to articles, one from the San Francisco These men did not voice tender expressions crisis, fixing principles and policies to the Chronicle and one from the New York of idealism, for on the field of battle, actions change of each day, we shall place ourselves Times, which give the other side of the spoke louder than words. supinely and helplessly at the mercy of any In aggressor who might play on our public picture. a full-page advertisement in Then why, we may ask, did these men, as opinion and decimate our forces at will. the Chronicle, several hundred northern individuals, give so much of themselves? "To live bravely by convictions from which California union leaders renounced the · Were they truly aware of what they were the free peoples of this world can take heart, war and the invasion of Cambodia in no doing? Could they conceive of the enormity the American people must put their faith in uncertain terms. "We've had it!" de­ of the sacrifice their nation called upon them stable, long range policies-political, eco­ clared the May 18 advertisement, which to make? The boy fresh from the farm or the nomic, and military-programs that will not factory--did he know what his country was contained the names of leaders of some be heated and cooled with the brightening unions which were previously among the asking? The youth from the ghetto street-­ and waning of tension. was he switched off when he entered the "The United States has matured to world stanchest supporters of the war. The darkness of the pit? The young father who leadership; it is time we steered by the stars, advertisement is a welcome fissure in the had known the fullness of life so briefly­ not by the light of each passing ship. facade of prowar union sentiment and could he imagine that an implacable destiny "On this Memorial Day . . . we pay hom­ suggests that facade may be more frag­ might forbid him to see his family forever? age . . . to all . . . fallen comrades . . . to ile than the administration would like Those cynics who deride patriotism and the strong, the weak; the leaders, the led; the to believe. The articles follow: faith tell us no. They seek to convince us brave, the fearful; to all who perished where that these men went blindly and fought [From the San Francisco Chronicle, only God could witness their charity to their May 19, 1970] blindly while they cursed the impersonal fate fellow man. which led them inexorably through the dark­ "Proudly-but reverently, sadly-we honor PEACE An BY BAY UNION OFFICIALS ness of combat. them. We pray they will ever rest in peace." A cross-section of Bay Area union lead­ I have never believed this; I never shall. These perspective observations by General ers, including some of the most conservative, No American worthy of the name can accept Bradley are just as true and timely today as spoke out strongly yesterday against Amer­ this cynical counsel of despair. We know that they were over twenty years ago. ican military involvement in Southeast Asia. when men have been long in battle and have True and timely also is the meaning of the "We want out of Cambodiar-now! We want thought deeply about their situation, there words in the West Point motto, "duty, honor, out of Vietnam-now! We've had it!" they comes at last the awareness of ultimate re­ country," these high ideals are as inspiring declared in a full-page newspaper advertise­ sponsibility-that one man must go ahe~ so to true Americans today as they were in an ment signed by 336 leaders. that a nation may live. earlier, less sophisticated time when our The signers ranged in political outlook Today it is sometimes unfashionable to forefathers struggled to create a way of life from President Harry Bridges of the Inter­ speak of patriotism and idealism, to fiy the new to the world. A life in which "freedom" national Longshoremen's and Warehouse­ flag, to proclaim in depth what America was paramount. The world scoffed at this im­ men's Union, which long has opposed the stands for and what our freedoms cost us. possible dream. Yet imperfect though we Vietnam war, to such men as Secretary Dan Nevertheless, we believe in the meaning of may be, it grows toward fulfillment. On the Del Carlo of the local building trades coun­ all these, and it was this deep belief that road, ·we have found many times that the cil of the AFL-CIO, which has been one of motivated those we honor today. choices were few-fight or forget it, but each the staunchest supporters nationally of the I do not mean to say that all our men success brings us a step closer to a full re­ war. could precisely articulate what they felt. alization of what began nearly 200 years ago. Other signers included leaders from the But make no mistake! They all knew what Today our genius and resources have put a International Typograp·hical Union, News­ they were fighting for and why. They knew man on the moon, created equipment of al­ paper Guild, Auto Workers, Electrical Work­ their own llves might well be the price of most unbelievable sophistication and pro­ ers, Social Workers, Carpenters, Teamsters, victory. They sensed this with a sensitivity vided well-being beyond most of the world's Teachers, Painters, Watchmakers, Commu­ which surpassed mere understanding. Our belief. Today it is well to remember that nication Workers, Iron Workers, Laborers, June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19813 Lithographers, Office Employees, Bartenders, during the long years he spent in Folsom with the current emphasis on the expansion Hospital Workers, Boilermakers, Laundry Prison. of recreational areas near the big cities. In Workers, Clothing Workers, City Employees, The advertisement was prepared by liberal the past Megalopolis has been denied its Machinists, Broadcasters, Cemetery Workers, union members whose previous antiwar at­ share of federal funds for open space and re­ Bottle Blowers, Oil Workers, Cooks, Retail titudes were intensified a.fter four students juvenative environment. The C. & 0. Canal Clerks, Service Employees, Culinary Workers, were killed by National Guardsmen at Kent may well become an important demonstra­ Barbers, Butchers, hodcarriers and pile­ State University in Ohio. tion of what can be done with scenic re­ drivers. sources close to central population areas. We Among the most prominent AFL-CIO hope that Congress will not miss the op- signers were Harry Bigarani, secretary of the portunity. · Painters District Council here; Thomas Ro­ C. & 0. HISTORICAL PARK AT LAST? ten, head of the Metal Trades Council here; Secretary Art Carter of the Contra Costa ADMIRE County Labor Council; Secretary Richard HON. ROGERS C. B. MORTON Groulx of the Alameda County Council and OF MARYLAND Secretary Charles Weir of the Marin County HON. WILLIAM L. DICKINSON IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Council. OF ALABAMA Among the Teamsters leaders were Joseph Monday, June 15, 1970 Diviny, the union's first vice president na­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tionally and head of its joint council in the Mr. MORTON. Mr. Speaker, the edi­ Monday, June 15, 1970 Bay Area, and Director Einar Mohn of the torial "C. & 0. Historical Park at Last?" union's Western Conference. appearing recently in the Washington Mr. DICKINSON. Mr. Speaker, I wish The signers accused President Nixon of Post, expresses clearly my view concern­ to call attention to a most unique inter­ violating the Constitution by expanding the national scientific, educational and fun ing the development of the C. & 0. Canal war into Cambodia, said the American troops event. It is ADMIRE, an international being killed there "are our sons," and charged and its banks. The time has long since paper airplane contest. ADMffiE is an there is no reason to believe Mr. Nixon's passed when we should take a firm posi­ acronym for: Airplane derby means in­ promise to withdraw U.S. men from Cam­ tion in the spending of park moneys so terest, research, enjoyment. The com­ bodia by June 80. that they can, to the highest degree pos­ petition calls for people of all ages (By Wallace Turner) sible, serve the needs of urban peoples. throughout the free world to make and SAN FRANCISCO, May 19.-The shattering I commend the editorial to my collea­ enter paper airplanes for the interna­ of labor union support in this area for Pres­ gues, but more than this, I urge their full tional fty-offs in Columbus, Ohio. ident Nixon's Indochina policies was sig­ support and that of the administration ADMIRE is sponsored by the Colum­ naled yesterday in full-page advertisements to expand and develop the C. & 0. Canal bus, Ohio, Dispatch and the Center of in both The San Francisco Chronicle and National Historical Park. Science and Industry of the Franklin The Examiner. County, Ohio, Historical Society, with The names of 451 labor union officers were C. & 0. HISTORICAL PARK AT LAsT? signed to the advertisement. It was cap­ Secretary Hickel's endorsement of the bill the full cooperation of Lockbourne Air tioned: "We've had it!" to convert the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Force Base, Ohio, Navy recruiting, edu­ The text said that "working people and into a national historical park is a bow to cational, and scientific groups. their families, are deeply disturbed at your the art of the possible. The secretary has in­ The contest is a distinct step in man's explanation of the war into Cambodia," add­ dicated on various occasions that he has a giant leap into the realm of higher sci­ ing that Mr. Nixon had "further divided great interest in cleaning up the Potomac ence and in the study of aeronautics. this country" by his move. River and dedication of its shores to scenic ADMffiE is wholesome recreation and Addressing itself to the President, the ad and recreational use. No doubt the tempta­ tion was strong to ask Congress for funds to will bring families together in a spirit of said: fun and unity. "You have created a credibility gap of in­ buy all the land that will be needed in the credible proportions. The economy of our future for a major park along the Potomac. Focusing attention on flight is a valu­ country is steadily being eroded, your prom­ But the secretary was well aware of the op­ able contribution because the aero­ ises to stabilize the economy and control in­ position to such a project at this time and dynamics of paper airplanes are much flation have become meaningless." of the apathy in Congress. He has sensibly the same as aerodynamics for jet­ chosen to take a step at a time, and the A SHIFT IN POLICY logical first step is the enactment of the powered crafts. While the sentiments expressed in the c. & o. canal bill. Interest in the contest has been advertisement are not new, the signatures to Washington is fortunate in having this spurred by a galaxy of outstanding prizes such a document of the names of many thread-like park which stretches from including an 8-day Florida vacation for leaders of conservative unions constitutes a Georgetown to Cumberland. It is an open a family of five to be won by a youth departure from national labor policy. Behind door to green space, to woods and streams, to younger than 18. Other prizes include President George Meany, most of the old­ the habitat of birds and deer, to pleasant optics, scientific instruments, electronics, line unions in the American Federation of skies and a seemingly interminable winding Labor and Congress of Industrial Organiza­ trail-the towpath. In an era when we are athletic equipment, and home acces­ tions have consistently supported Mr. Nix­ increasingly concerned about our natural en­ sories. on's war policies. vironment, it links the ghetto, the business There are no fees or gimmicks But the signatures to the antiwar adver­ district and the suburbs to the best wilder­ involved. tisement include those of the ironworkers, ness that can be found in these parts. Most Mr. Speaker, the response stretches carpenters, boilermakers, painters, commu­ of what it has to o1Ier is relief from hot from Ethiopia to Japan and many areas nications workers, lithographers and butch­ streets and urban congestion, but the scenery in between. Significantly, a friendly ap­ ers unions. at Great Falls and the region of the Paw Paw proach was made by many Governors. More predictably, there are also signatures Tunnel bring it well within the national park of officers of the more liberal unions, such category. Gov. Claude Kirk, of Florida, entered an as the auto workers, longshoremen, led by What is now proposed is that this National alligator with wings, complete with the Harry Bridges; the American Federation of Monument be given the additional space seal of Florida and a map of the State. Teachers, and the farm workers. and facilities needed to make it useful and Gov. Marvin Mandel, of Maryland, is­ Some of the signatures that stand out are enjoyable on a large scale. The 185-mile rib­ sued a public statement to all Mary­ of Einar 0. Mohn, head of the Western Con­ bon of land, including the old canal, now landers to enter airplanes for screening ference of Teamsters; Joseph Diviny, first constitutes only 5,250 acres. The Mathias­ by his office. The best will be entered as vice president of the International Brother­ Gude-Beall bill, now approved by the ad­ Maryland's official entry. Outstanding hood of Teamsters; Richard Groulx, execu­ ministration, with amendments, would ex­ tive secretary of the Alameda County Labor pand the park to more than 20,000 acres, in­ crafts were entered by Gov. Lester Mad­ Council in oakland; and Larry Vail, secre­ cluding 12,156 acres now in private owner­ dox, of Georgia, and Gov. Winthrop tary of the State Retail Clerks Union. ship. The additional space is urgently re­ Rockefeller, of Arkansas. Gov. Linwood quired for picnicking, camping, parking, hik­ WAR I CRITIC SIGNS Holton, of Virginia, consulted the Com­ ing and protection of scenic and recreational monwealth's aviation division, as One note from the long past was the sig­ values. If this park can be brought to a high nature of Warren K. Billings, listed as a state of usefulness for an estimated outlay of ADMIRE rules permit, to design an air­ member of the executive board of Watch­ $19,472,605 for land acquisition and $47 mil­ plane calculated to sweep top honors. makers Local Union 101. lion for development, it will be a bargain of Several other Governors have indicated Mr. "Billings was convicted with Tom Moo­ great significance to the community. that their State airplanes will be in the ney of bombing the Preparedness Day pa­ Enactment of the C. & 0. Canal park bill contest shortly. rade here in 1917. He learned watchmaking at this session of Congress would be in line The Vatican Secretary of State advised 1981( EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1970 that Pope Paul prays for ADMffiE's suc­ istics possessed by the overwhelming eurity, should be clearly marked "Top Se­ cess and heavenly favors. majority of American citizens. I hope cret." Logistical advice on the movement of The Honorable Walter J. Hickel, Sec­ my colleagues on both sides of the aisle the paper aircraft from abroad or from re­ ~ mote parts of the United States, may be l retary of the Interior, used the ADMIRE will enter ADMIRE. ! obtained from the Honorable Victor Bodish, contest as a means of conveying an eco­ ~ I am inserting contest rules and other Postmaster, Columbus, Ohio or from Profes­ logical message to the people of the Unit­ specifics for your information at this sor COSI. \ ed States. His entry is made entirely of time. Test pilots will fly airplanes for contestants "reconstituted" garbage; his letter was ADMIRE-AIRPLANE DERBY MEANS INTEREST, unable to appear at a Fly Off. Lt. Commander on reconstituted paper; the shipping box RESEARCH, ENJOYMENT ••• Pat Gallagher, USN, (Naval Plant Rep's Of­ is to be recycled, as is the plane which is Who: Everybody. Young and old. Central fice, North American Rockwell Corp.) is Chief named "The Environmentalist." News­ Ohio residents or people from other states Test Pilot. Another Chief Test Pilot is Sister papers all over the United States re­ or countries. Civilians and service people at Suzanne, O.P. President. Ohio Dominican ported Secretary Hickel's message about home or abroad. Heads of foreign nations College. other outstanding Test Pilots or Sky and people with aspirations. Pilots will fly the avalanche of foreign improving the ecology-another indica­ entries. What: A Paper Airplane Derby. Every air­ tion of how something as inconspicuous If you are in the Mid-Ohio Area, or can as a paper airplane can be used to em­ plane must be constructed solely of paper, glue, or tape. No metal. No plastic. No wood. arrange a visit, bring your airplane. So phasize a vital theme. When: Take-off to Lockbourne Alr Force we can look for you, why not drop a card Mr. Speaker, as a member of the Armed Base, Sunday, June 21, for a mammoth Open of intentions to Air Boss, Public Service De­ Services Committee of the House of Rep­ House during the hours of noon to 5:00 partment, The Columbus (Ohio) Dispatch? resentatives, I am delighted with the in­ p .m. Children may participate in using the SPONSORS terest and participation of men and Kiddie Jump Tower, a simulated parachute This contest is jointly sponsorect by: Co­ women in uniform. The NavY Nurse Jump of 100 feet. See a huge KC135 Ta.nker lumbus Dispatch (Ohio's Greatest Home Corps entered an airplane shaped like a craft refuel a B52 Bomber in the air. Climb Newspaper); Center of Science and Indus­ hypodermic needle and used the entry as aboard every type of aircraft used by the try (of the Franklin County Historical So­ Tactical Air Command. Experience the thrill an incentive in ljavY nurse recruiting. ciety); with the cooperation of: Lockbourne of free-fall parachute jumping. Meet and Air Force Base; Department of Aviation, The The U.S.S. Columbus, a guided missile see the world's greatest precision pilots, the Ohio State University; Department of Aero­ cruiser at sea, entered a skillfully de­ renowned Thunderbirds, as they fly paper space Stud-ies, Air Force R.O.T.C. and The signed airfoil airplane. When the all­ airplanes and then put on a thrill-a-second Angel Flight of The Ohio State University; paper airplane arrived in Columbus, airborne demonstration with their brand­ Educators; Airlines; Scientists; Judges; many Ohio, the city for which U.S.S. Columbus new F4E Phantom Jets. Be a guest of Colonel distinguished people and organizations. was named, the air boss of ADMIRE lo­ Richard J. Downs, USAF, and all of the men See details in this brochure !or further in­ cated Mrs. Edward Meyers who christ­ and women under his command at Lock­ structions, eligibility and technical advice on bourne. You'll be in the mood to launch your the construction o! paper airplanes for ened and launched U.S.S. Columbus back own paper aircraft when the Derby starts the in April 1944. Mrs. Meyers volunteered to ADMIRE. next day, June 22. VOLARE AD GAUDIUM fly the U.S.S. Columbus entry in the AD­ Where: With the Jet-Assisted-Take-Off Who flies harder, faster, longer and higher !rom the Lockbourne Air Force Base Open MffiE contest for the men of her ship. A than the U.S. Air Force? The answer is easy story in the Columbus Dispatch reported Rouse, actual flying for young people starts •.. nobody. Monday, June 22, at the Center of Science that Mrs. Meyers had been selected as That's why Lockbourne Air Force Base is and Industry, 280 East Broad S.treet, Colum­ "Mother of the Year" in 1944 and chosen calling your attention to "ADMIRE," the In­ bus, Ohio, USA. Children should enter the ternational Paper Airplane Contest. We urge to sponsor U.S.S. Columbus because she proper age group. Accompanying parents had lost two sons in the World War II may also fly. each U.S. Air Force installation to senct an Army service. Again, a patriotic message, entry and help prove that "we fly harder." Adult Fly-Offs will be held in the Nell Officers and airmen are encouraged to sub­ badly needed in these times, evolved from Rouse Ballroom commencing Monday eve­ mit individual paper planes in the competi­ something as remote as a paper airplane ning, June 29. Children with parents may tion, in addition to an entry from each in­ contest. fly. Jumbo aircraft (more than two feet stallation. Name your plane. Decorate it. Lockbourne Air Force Base, Ohio, is long) will fly at the Naval Reserve Training To insure considerate and careful handling holding an open house on June 21 an­ Center, 85 North Yearling Road, Columbus, of your craft, send each entry to captain Bill ticipating an overflow crowd of 200,000 Ohio, Sunday, July 12, commencing at 1:00 Johnson, USAF, Information Officer, Lock­ p .m. Paper airplanes longer than 20 feet will bourne AFB, Ohio 43217. YoU!' immediate enthusiastic spectators. Many will :fly not be eligible. paper airplanes as the :first phase of the action would be appreciated. Help us prove Why: Advance science. Contribute to that the USAF iS "TOP DOG" in. the air ... ADMIRE contest and as a prelude to a man's knowledge of flight. Discover undis­ regardless of the type of aircraft. demonstration by the Air Force Thun­ covered aeronautical geniuses. Guide the We'll provide Ac.e Test Pilots to fly your derbirds. Air Force equipment will be engineers who labor over the draWing boards. craft publicly. on display but even more important, so Help in mankind's leap into higher science. GROUP ENTRIES will the men and women of the Air Force Prepare yourself for the time when families will have their own airplanes for picnics and A group may participate with one entry and other military and naval services. travel to the office. Re-live history with if certified by an executive officer as authen­ Mr. Speaker, I would like to offer my classic airplane models of yesteryear. Unite tic. A member of the group may fly the craft congratulations to Col. Richard J. the family in a Fun Break • . . when it is or it may be entered in the "foreign" category Downs, commander of the 317th Tactical most needed. for flying by a Test Pilot. Groups offer­ Airlift Wing at Lockbourne, and to his How: Attend a scheduled Fly-Off bring­ ing an entry might be: civic clubs, PTAs, ing your paper airplane. If you are the head patriotic organizations, book clubs, garden capable public information officer, Capt. clubs, Boy Scouts, Girl Scouts, Camp Fire William H. Johnson, Jr., who is inciden­ of a foreign nation, live abroad or in a sec­ tion of the United States which makes it in­ Girls, in-dividual school classes, the school tally one of my constituents. Both men as a whole, fraternities, sororities, dance convenient to attend a Fly-Off, ship your clubs. have worked long and hard on the plan­ paper airplane to Professor COSI; see page ning of this tremendous air show and the 4 for details. If you wish to attend a Fly-Off A corporation, partnership or sole propri­ day's related events. My reports indicate as a participant do not ship your airplane; etor may enter his business establishment. that their work will pay o:fi with an even bring it with you to the Fly-Off. Sections and departments of the establish­ greater success than expected. ment may enter a craft. OTHER INFORMATION Individual states may enter. So may for­ I think it is commendatory that the No airplane will be returned. After display eign nations or political divisions thereof. Columbus Dispatch, commonly referred at the Center of Science and Industry, air­ In the instance of a foreign country, certi­ to as "Ohio's Greatest Home News­ planes will be used for research and study by fication by the President, King, or Dictator paper," has arranged to use the AD­ scientists. Crafts may later be turned over to is recommended, although the Minister for MmE paper airplane program as a the Department of Aeronautical and Astro­ Foreign Affairs may sign for the Executive bridge to bring citizens into closer and nautical Engineering of the Ohio State Head. harmonious contact with the dedicated University, the U.S. A1r Force, or the Smith­ Efforts to improve the ecology suggest that sonian Institution. Consideration will be paper items slated fo.r disposal might be used men and women who provide our coun­ given to applications from other recognized for aircraft construction. Doctors may con­ try's defenses. It is salutary that Ameri­ educational and scientific centers. struct aircraft from old prescription blanks. cans in uniform are being presented to Caution: Any aircraft employing advanced unpaid bills or outdated medical literature. the publlc in a very human way, as in­ aerodynamic principles which should be clas­ Lawyers might use Wills, deeds a.nd sub­ dividuals with the same fine character- sified in. the interests of international se- poenas. Educators in their crea.tivity, and June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19815 reach for academic freedom, might make a real contribution to the community. I defense is vital to our national interest airplanes using examination papers, attend­ know that she will continue her exem­ and fundamental to the establishment ance registers or pages from books made ob­ plary record of achievement at Pembroke of permanent world peace, in the face solete in the "knowledge explosion." College in the fall and I am convinced of the menacing presence of Soviet arms Engineers are encouraged to make air­ planes from drawings and blue prints of un­ that as long as our educational system and personnel. With the Soviet buildup patented inventions. Airline employees may can continue to produce students of of Arab military power, the probability use timetables and route information. Bank­ Jeanne Black's quality and determina­ of war and the risk to Israel's survival ers are reminded that "money :flies" ancl tion, our Nation's future will be that is great, unless the United States takes consideration should be given to construct­ much more secure. positive action to assure a degree of bal­ ing paper airplanes from "long green" with ance of power. It is my conviction that the $5.00 denomination being preferred. Bear the United States should continue to in mind federal regulations protecting furnish adequate military equipment money from mutilation. Foreign currency is PLANES TO ISRAEL acceptable. and aircraft to the Israelis to provide JUMBO AIRPLANE Israel with a deterrent force capable of Jumbos, the airplanes of the future, have HON. THOMAS S. FOLEY preventing future aggression. their place in ADMIRE and will be flown at OF WASHINGTON the Naval Reserve Training Center, 85 North Yearling Road, on July 12, from 1:00 p.m. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES until 5:00p.m. Tuesday, June 9, 1970 A LESSON FOR REVOLUTIONARIES Airplanes eligible are those more than two feet from nose to tail but not exceeding 20 Mr. FOLEY. Mr. Speaker, under the feet. Construction must be entirely of paper, leave afforded by Representative LESTER HON. JIM WRIGHT glue and tape. No wood, metal or plastics. WoLFF of New York, I wish to take this OF TEXAS No age groups. Everyone enjoys equal terms. opportunity to announce my association IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Each craft will be judged as to dis­ and agreement with all my colleagues tance . . . Duration . . . Originality of De­ who signed and sent the letter of Monday, June 15, 1970 sign. One flight per craft. One entry per Mr. person. June 10, 1970, to the President. Mr. WRIGHT. Speaker, many of A separate category of aerobatics is open I am in finn agreement with the sen­ today's self-styled revolutionaries live to all including those who participated in timent to hasten the immediate sale of in a superficial, shallow "now" world, the open contest. An additional airplane supersonic jet planes to Israel which is arrogantly dismissing as irrelevant any­ must be used. so essential to the preservation of the thing that happened before 8 o'clock this Air Marshal: Captain James Blazek, USN, precarious balance of peace in the Mid­ morning. Director, Navy Recruiting, 4th Area, 85 Mar­ dle East. I feel it my responsibility to It is a shame that they hold history in coni, Columbus, Ohio 469-7410 denounce the continual flow of sophisti­ such contempt, because it cou1d teach cated offensive arms from the Soviet them a lot. One notable example was Union to Arab nations, and to strive per­ cited in the June 13, 1970, morning edi­ PRESIDENTIAL SCHOLAR sistently for the preservation of the last tion of the Fort Worth Star-Telegram. stronghold of democracy in the Middle In an editorial, the Star-Telegram re­ East. minded us of what happened to the late HON. F. BRADFORD MORSE The sale of additional jet planes to Alexander F. Kerensky, a leader of the OF !dASSACEnJSETTS Israel can no longer be postponed or 1917 effort to reform the czarist govern­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES overlooked, when one realizes the fact ment of Russia, who died last week. that the Soviet-Arab aircraft strength is Himself earnest and idealistic, Mr. Ker­ Monday, June 15, 1970 four times the strength of that of Israel. ensky was forced to watch helplessly Mr. MORSE. Mr. Speaker, in 1964, the The United States must react affirma­ as more militant radicals seized control presidential scholars program was estab­ tively to the widespread influx of Soviet of the movement he helped set in mo­ lished to identify and honor the most aircraft, missiles, tanks, boats, guns, and tion. The result was the totalitarian outstanding young men and women high supporting military equipment to the regime which remains in power to this school graduates in the country. Clearly, United Arab Republic and her neigh­ day. One can but ponder how vastly dif­ to be chosen as a presidential scholar bors. The restraint on American sales of ferent the history of our times might is the highest possible honor for an jet planes to Israel has failed in its in­ have been had Alexander Kerensky and American high school graduate. tent of encouraging a deceleration of the forces of reason and moderation Two presidential scholars are chosen the Russian military commitment to the prevailed. from each State, the District of Colum­ Arab nations. Inaction has resulted only To share this perceptive editorial with bia, and Puerto Rico, and an additional in the growing dominance of Russia in my colleagues, I include it in the RECORD 15 are chosen at large. This year, I had the Middle East. The Soviets have shown at this point: the great pleasure of meeting and talking no evidence of objectively seeking peace, KERENSKY'S EXAMPLE WARNING TO REBELS with Miss Jeanne T. Black, of Lexington, and have openly displayed their reluc­ Many of those on college and university Mass., who was selected, through the tance to consider any arms limitations campuses who cry out for revolution in this most rigorous of procedures, as one of in the Arab-Israeli conflict. The in­ country dismiss history as having no mean­ two young scholars from Massachusetts creased involvement of Russian pilots, ing. What has happened in the past, they say, is irrelevant. Only what is happening to­ to be so honored. technicians, and advisers in Egypt has day is worthy of notice--•l:.md most of that Of the nearly 3 million students who only aggravated the tension steadily they want radically changed or instantly graduate from high school each year, mounting since the 1967 conflict. destroyed. only 119 are chosen as presidential It is my hope that u1timately all of the Though it is a current happening, the scholars. They represent the highest nations of the Middle East will be able death of Alexander F. Kerensky in New York standards of intellectual excellence as to achieve peace and stability through Thursday may not gain the attention of well as leadership capabilities and per­ these campus revolutionaries, but it should. a face-to-face confrontation across the His moment of power and glory-a brief sonal achievement. Jeanne Black fu1- bargaining table in direct negotiations. one-was more than half a century ago, but filled all these requirements of excel­ Although I am optimistic that many his whole career is a reminder that revolu­ Jence. Throughout her career at Lexing­ Arabs are ready to embrace a lasting tions, once launched, seem always to get out ton High School, Jeanne was an out­ and genuine peace with their Israeli of hand and go to ruthless excesses far be­ standing student, becoming valedic­ neighbors and are presently channeling yond anything the authors intended. torian of her class and participating ac­ their efforts toward this goal, I feel that Kerensky himself was a product of the tively in positions of responsibility in the unwarranted major building of the campus movement for social betterment, a school-related programs. arms race by the Soviet Union consti­ genuine opponent of czarist absolutism but I was most impressed with Jeanne's tutes a real danger to the Arab-Israeli more a champion of reform than of a<}tual revolution. In the anarchy that followed a intellect, her poise, and her genuine in­ cooperation. two-headed upriSing in RusSiia. in early 1917, terest, and concern in pursuing the best I strongly believe that the main­ he became for a brief moment in history the possible education so that she can make tenance of a secure and effective Israeli supreme ruler of all Russia. 19816 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS J'l!-ne 15, 1970 This lasted 3 'h months. KerenskJ was too And the radicals-who take credit for send­ "Burn, baby, burn" is the slogan of the moderate, and he made the mistake of be­ ing Lyndon Johnson into retirement-now New Left. lieving that other revolutionaries shared his openly boast they will do the same to his suc­ Prior to every major civil disorder since the attitudes. One of his mistakes was bringing cessor. Berkeley riots in September of 1964 the back from exile or releasing from prison such Mark this well, it was not Johnson the major radical leaders have made trips to hard-bitten revolutionary :figures as Leon man nor Nixon the man the radicals dislike. communist countries: Trotsky, Nikolai Lenin and Josef Stalin. It is the office of President they seek to de­ Jerry Rubin-the same Jerry Rubin who They took over from him in the bloody revo­ stroy and with it, the Republic itself. told the kids at Kent State to kill their par­ lution of November 1917, still celebrated For the President alone is the spokesman ents BEFORE the Guard was ordered in­ as the triumph of communism in Russia, for the nation. The President symbolizes our Jerry Rubin went to Cuba before Berkeley in and began the totalitarian regime that has national unity as a people. 1964 and 1965. r.ontinued to this day. The President is not the only target of the Tom Hayden went to Hanoi before the Kerensky was a brilliant orator, as elo­ Left, of course. Those anywhere who dare to Newark riots of 1967. quent as any who now sway student audd­ speak out, who challenge the dogmas of com­ David Dellinger went to Czechoslovakia ences with their demands for instant change munism are marked for extinction sooner or before the march on the Pentagon in 1967. and-the more radical of them-with their later including, I do not doubt, your speaker. Mark Rudd went to Cuba before the Co­ cries for overthrow of the system. He was They destroyed Senator Joe McCarthy, they lumbia University take-over and riots in 1968. idealistic in the same way that the young brought pressure on President Truman to Coincidence? What do you think? today are idealistic, and he was battling sack Douglas MacArthur because MacArthur That phase of the Revolution that is most agalinst far more patent evils. In the convul­ dared to try and win a war against commu­ on our minds these days is the Revolution on sive upheaval he helped to start, he learned nism. campus. that those who initiate revolutions seldom They have discredited Senator Dodd. They Professor Ernest Blanco, who fled Castro are able to shape the results. keep up a constant attack on J. Edgar Hoover Cuba, was in Havana when the communists The death of the exiled Kerensky at 89 and they have never forgiven Richard Nixon seized that city's once great university. makes his fate, and the fate a! his ideals, for insisting that the investigation of Alger But the communist influence there, he tells contemporary enough that the campus ad­ Hiss continue in the face of tremendous pres­ us, began back in the 1920's among the vocates of revolution ought to take heed. sure to drop it all. respectable socialists. They might profit especially from some of They have succeeded in getting the Bible Blanco saw the clenched fists on campus the writings of Kerensky about what has out of the schools and the communists in. and heard them shout "We shall Overcome." befallen his country since the revolution he They have mounted an unceasing and un­ Here are the 8 steps the communists took helped to create, even if they read no more relenting attack upon the Christian Faith to seize power at the University Of Havana in than the title of a book he wrote in 1934. aided-ironically-by a goodly number of the February 1959: It is called "The Crucifixion of Liberty." so-called Men of God. 1. The administration and faculty-the so­ And here it is appropriate to recall the called "Establishment" were discredited by words of the Prophet Jeremiah who said­ revolutionary students and propaganda in "An appalling thing, an outrage, has ap­ the leftist press. REVOLUTION 1970 peared in this land-prophets prophesy lies 2. Patriotic professors were accused of in­ and priests go hand in hand with them and competence or charged with collaborating my people love to have it so.... " with Batista who was, after all, the legiti­ HON. JAMES H. (JIMMY) QUILLEN We are told that the ancient and immu­ mate head of state. OF TENNESSEE table Law given by God Almighty Himself to 3. Pro-communist newspapers attacked the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Moses on Mount Sinai no longer applied to University as corrupt, turning public opinion Modern Man. against it. Monday, June 15, 1970 Today there ARE no absolutes. Do that 4. Students demanded absolute control of which you think is good. policy and curricula, the hiring and :firing of Mr. QUn..LEN. Mr. Speaker, a very Adultery, homo-sexuality, fornication-the professors-and were backed up in these de­ gifted and talented writer and speaker crimes of which the Apostle Paul speaks mands by Marxists on the faculty itself. and a close friend of mine, Mr. Bill Free­ against with such venom are now common­ 5. The administration yielded to student hoff of Kingsport, Tenn., recently spoke place and the laws against them are grad­ demands. Purge tribunals were established to to members of the Delphian Club at their ually being repealed. punish the anti-communist students and meeting in Kingsport on a very impor­ The Left tells us that while it is morally professors. tant subject to me and millions of other wrong to take the life of a degenerate on 6. Kangaroo courts, operating under Cas­ death row, it is permissible to murder an in­ tro's in:fluence, got rid of the so-called "reac- Americans. nocent babe in the mother's womb simply if tionaries''. · Mr. Freehoff spoke on "Revolution that mother does not want to bear that child 7. The student government organization 1970" and it is certainly apparent that at that time. was taken over by communists. Goon squads his remarks were most well-timed in to­ Gross immorality floods the news-stands terrorized anti-communist students. Faculty day's society, especially when violent rev­ and :fills the screens of the movie houses and members who were still around and who were olution is sweeping across this country the picture that was chosen the best of all is not communists were threatened. Finally, in almost uncontrollable surges. devoted to the very vilest kind of people total communist control was established. using language that is even yet, illegal on the 8. Incompetent but communist professors Mr. Freehoff speaks of the radicals, the streets of our city. were named to key faculty positions, the cur­ left wingers, and the Communists who In my youth, a broad minded person was ricula was restructured along communist are seeking to destroy our Nation. How one who was willing to look at all sides of lines and academic freedom was destroyed. true are his assertions. an issue. After Professor Blanco came to this coun­ So the readers of the RECORD may en­ Today, you are broad minded if you laugh try, he got a job at Tufts, one of those pres­ joy his speech, I submit the text as fol­ at a :filthy joke. tige colleges in the East. lows: Revolution, 1970? He began making speeches, however, off­ REVOLUTION 1970 Look around. The symbols are here-the campus about what had happened in Cuba clenched fist-supposedly the symbol a! and he was dropped from the faculty at (By Bill Freehoff) "black power"-is actually the traditional Tufts. Do you recall hearing or reading This is the centennial of the birth of communist salute, as distinctive as the raised where the American Association of Profes­ Nikolai Lenin, Lenin who said ••• "The sup­ hand of Hitler's nazis. sors or the Civil Liberties Union or Profes­ pression of the bourgeois state by the pro­ "We Shall Overcome," the battle hymn of sor Schlesinger ever made any demands that letarian state is impossible without a violent the Civil Rights Movement, was re-written he be rehired? Do you recall hearing of any revolution." by a communist folk singer from the old demonstrations at Tufts because Blanco was Lenin also said the purpose of the revolu­ spiritual, "We Shall Overcome Some Day" :fired? tion is not to seize control of the state, but and was used, in the Spanish, by the commu­ You bet your life you didn't! to destroy the state. nist under Castro when--as a minority­ But .•. when admitted communist Angela Well, let's see how the Revolution is com­ they seized power in Cuba. Davis was about to be :fired from the faculty ing along in America, the last bastion against The slogan-"All power to the people" used at UCLA-That was a different story wasn't the communist seizure of the world itself by today's mdical youth is but an up-dated it? and if the world, next the moon a.nd-who version of Lenin's slogan of half a. century Professor Blanco has warned us. If it could knows-the universe itself! ago--"All power to the Soviets." happen in Cuba, it could happen here and­ Revolution? Yes, Revolution. You see TV, The so-called "peace Symbol" used even as he points out-the Cuban communist stu­ hear the radio, and read the papers. a pectoral cross by the new Bishop of New dents did not even have LSD or marijuana. There is vi<>lence-a.lmost incredible vio­ York is actually the ancient symbol of the to use as weapons in their take-over I lence in the streets of our cities, on the cam­ anti-Christ. So much for the universities-which are puses of our colleges. Revolution, 1970? already alienated from the mainStream. of Bombs are tossed into buildings. The purpose of the Radical Left is not sim­ American life. The First La.dy of the Land dare not visit ply to "protest" grievances, real or imaginary. What now of the remnants of the old Civil a historic place in Virginia. The President The purpose of the Left is to destroy this Rights Movement, a movement which from Himself hesitates to speak in certain places. republic and all that it has ever stood for. the :first was penetrated by communists? ) June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19817 There are the Black Panthers-defended day I wish to join with other colleagues Congress gave formal expression to this at Yale, defended at the nation's largest in the Congress in observing the anniver­ concern in 1966 with the passage of Protestant seminary in New York, wined and sary of such a loss of freedom by the House Concurrent Resolution 416, which dined by Leonard Bernstein. reaffirms the support of the U.S. Govern­ There is "Snick" and Stokely Carmichael people of the Baltic States of Lithuania, and James Foreman and Marxist demand on Latvia, and Estonia. The Baltic peoples ment for the aspiration of the Baltic the churches to pay up or else because the lost their freedom and independence 30 peoples of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania ancestors of some of the blacks sold some of years ago when the Soviet Union invaded for self-determination and national in­ their ancestors into slavery to New England and occupied these three peace-loving dependence. In this resolution, the Con­ ship captains. countries on June 15, 1940. gress urges the President to bring the Remember this when you hear about slav­ This invasion and occupation was fol­ force of world opinion to bear on behalf ery-where there was a buyer, there had to lowed by incorporation of these nations of the restoration of these rights to the be a seller and the sellers were the black Es­ Baltic peoples. tablishment of the 17th Century Africa­ as constituent republics in the Soviet the powerful chiefs. Union. A year later, within a few days This resolution follows herewith: Then there is the Republic of New Africa centering around June 14, 1941, thou­ H. CON RES. 416 with HQ in Detroit and with consulates in sands of Estonian, Latvian, and Lithu­ Whereas the subjection of peoples to alien 8 major American cities. anian citizens were deported to various subjugation, domination, and exploitation The stated objective of the RNA is to es­ parts of the Soviet Union, mainly Siberia. constitutes a denial of fundamental human tablish a Negro Republic in the Black Belt After a long history of fighting for rights, is contrary to the Charter of the of the South, in an area that would include United Nations, and is an impediment to the a part of Tennessee. their freedom and intermittent domina­ promotion of world peace and cooperation; There is the Nations of Islam with HQ in tion by other nations, patriots in the and Chicago and which teaches dogma, the three Baltic States seized the opportunity Whereas all peoples have the right to self­ hatred of the white race and denies any al­ presented by the conflict between Ger­ determination; by virtue of that right they legiance to the United States. The Nations many and Russia during the First World freely. determine their political status and of Islam, which the FBI says is the largest War to reassert national independence. freely pursue their economic, social, cultural, black militant group in the country. Lithuania officially declared its independ­ and religious development; and There is the Revolutionary Action Move­ Whereas the Baltic peoples of Estonia, Lat­ ment-the RAM--oriented toward Red ence on February 16, 1918; Estonia on via, and Lithuania have been forcibly de­ China and which is training agents in Cuba February 24, 1918, and Latvia on Novem­ prived of these rights by the Government of in guerrilla warfare. ber 18, 1918. The Russian Red Army at­ the Soviet Union; and So much then for the Radical Blacks. tempted to destroy the new states and in­ Whereas the Government of the Soviet What of the Radical whites--the so-called vaded them, occupying most of Latvia Union, through a program of deportations New Left which brags it is further to the and Estonia and approximately four­ and resettlement of peoples, continues in its left than the Communist Party itself? fifths of Lithuania in 1919. The small effort to change the ethnic character of the There is the SDB-the Students for a armies of the three states succeeded, populations of the Baltic States; and Democratic Society with at least 250 chap­ Whereas it has been the firm and consist­ ters and 40,000 members and which is reach­ however, in clearing the Baltic lands by ent policy of the Government of the United ing into high schools. J. Edgar Hoover calls the end of 1919. States to support the aspirations of Baltic the SDB-in his words--"a communist anar­ The next year, in 1920, the three Baltic peoples for self-determination and national chist group ...." States entered into peace treaties with independence; and Then there is the Young Socialist Alli­ Soviet Russia. In these treaties the in­ Whereas there exist many historical, cul­ ance, claiming 10,000 members which says it dependence and sovereignty of Lithuania, tural, and family ties between the peoples of is Trotskyite-Marxist and whose objective is Latvia, and Estonia was recognized by the the Baltic States and the American people: the seizure of the control of student bodies. Be it One of the newest of the groups is the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Re­ Resolved by the House of Representatives Young Workers Liberation League, set up in public. The latter, in these treaties, re­ (the Senate concurring), That the House of February of this year in Chicago by commu­ nounced all sovereign rights over the peo­ Representatives of the United States urge the nist youth groups and which claims a mem­ ple and territory of the BaWc States. President of the United States-- bership of 800 including college and high Between the two World Wars, the three (a) to direct the attention of world opin­ school students. Baltic States enjoyed two decades of na­ ion at the United Nations and at other ap­ Qne of the officials of this group is Mike propriate international forums and by such tional independence accompanied by do­ means as he deems appropriate, to the denial Zagarelli who spoke at Vanderbilt in May of mestic progress and international co­ 1967. of the rights of self-dete:rnnination for the I would go on but my time is running out. operation. As already indicated, however, peoples of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, My time, and yours and maybe our re­ this situation was abruptly and tragically and public's time is running out. changed by the Soviet invasion of June (b) to bring the force of world opinion to We are, I suggest, in the middle of a 1940. bear on behalf of the restoration of these Revolution, a revolution for real and upon This was the beginning of an even more rights to the Baltic peoples. the outcome of this revolution even more Passed the House of Representatives June tragic and brutal occupation, which has 21, 1965. than the Revolution of 1776 rests the fu­ resulted in the loss by these three nations ture-not alone of the United States--but Attest: of Western Civilization itself. of more than a fourth of their entire RALPH R. ROBERTS. The Barbarians are no longer at the gates. population since June 15, 1940. Since the Clerk. They are in our very midst. very beginning of this occupation, how­ It is my profound hope that through Now what are we going to do about it? ever, the Baltic peoples have waged an our expressions of support these proud I have presented the challenge. The re­ intensive fight for freedom-first through peoples of the Baltic States will be en­ sponse I leave to you. armed resistance and then by passive couraged in their struggle and that free­ As we say a.t my place of business . . . means. Think about it! dom and independence for them will The United States extended full rec­ become a reality. ognition to Estonia, Latvia, and Li­ thuania in 1922 and has never recognized the incorporation of the Baltic States COMMEMORATION OF THE BALTIC into the Soviet Union. Since June of 1940 VETERAN'S BENEFITS STATES' LOSS OF FREEDOM all the Presidents of the United States have restated and confirmed our coun­ HON. ROBERT PRICE HON. JOHN BUCHANAN try's nonrecognition policy of the oc­ OF TEXAS OF ALABAMA cupation of the Baltic States by the So­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES viets. I would like to express my strong sup­ Monday, June 15, 1970 Monday, June 15, 1970 port for the brave peoples of the Baltic Mr. PRICE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, to­ Mr. BUCHANAN. Mr. Speaker, it is States in their struggle for freedom, and day Flag Day ceremonies are being held always with a mixture of sadness and in this I know I am joined by millions of across the land. I believe it is most ap­ hope that those of us who are privileged Americans and freedom-loving people propriate for the House to consider legis­ to live in this great and free Nation com­ everywhere. The repression to which lation to provide service-connected com­ memorate events whereby others have these brave people are subject is a very pensation increases for veterans, for it lost their freedom and independence. To- deep source of concern to us all. The u.s. is only through the sacrifices of those 19818 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1970 valiant men and their fallen comrades at resolution declaring it to be the sense cer in animals and have some evidence arms that our Nation has been secured of the Congress that cancer research be that they do in man. This year we are and our freedoms preserved. made a national crusade and that all stepping up the research program in To put matters squarely in perspective, the necessary resources of the Nation viruses but we are tardy and inadequate there is no known way to adequately com­ be marshaled to find the cure and pre­ and need to do more here as we do in pensate a veteran who has suffered irrep­ vention of this dreaded disease. I urge the other fields of cancer. We should erable physical or psychological inju­ that a supreme effort be made in the have a vaccine by now and be able to ries while in service to our country. This course of the next 6 years so that in prevent this kind of cancer as we do notwithstanding, however, society has 1976 we might commemorate the 200th smallpox, measles, and poliomyelitis. tried to compensate our veterans in such anniversary of independence of this Na­ There are no limits to what we can do amounts so as to enable them to live with tion with the demise of cancer. as a nation if we have sufficient dedica­ the dignity they have so costly earned There has been a good deal of discus­ tion and dispose our talents and resources and so justly deserve. sion in this Congress and throughout the to a given goal. In World War II we de­ The last increase in service-connected country, on the need for reordering our veloped the atom bomb and we did it veterans' compensation rates occurred in national priorities. I am one of those with an incredible concentration of man­ the 90th Congress. Since that time, how­ who believe that this needs to be done. agement, money, and brains. ever, the ravages of inflation have greatly The Nation has several problems which In more recent times we sent a man eroded that increase. As a result, our have come to the point of crisis. Some to the moon and our approach in the N~tion's veterans stand in sore need of need immediate action and a massive space program was very much like the legislative assistance. national effort to prevent disaster. Oth­ Manhattan project. I ask now that we do Earlier in this Congress I introduced ers, given constructive programs and the same thing in cancer and I assure two bills relating to this general area. dedicated effort over a long period of you that if we do, we shall find the same One would increase the rates of compen­ years, approach a point of breakthrough success as we did in the A-bomb and the sation for veterans with service-con­ and need a massive effort to bring them moonshot and we shall have the grati­ nected disabilities; the other would in­ to a triumphant conclusion. tude not just of our own Nation but of crease payments for veterans and widows This, Mr. Speaker, is the position in all mankind. who receive non-service-connected pen­ which cancer is to be found today. It has The resolution referred to follows: sions. The latter would also increase pay­ been with us from time immemorial, but H. RES. 999 ments for dependent parents receiving until 25 years ago, almost no progress Whereas cancer takes the lives of more dependency and indemnity compensa­ had been made against it. Now we find than three hundred thousand Americans tif.~n. that although the death rate from can­ each year; and The House Veterans' Committee has cer is as high as ever, some forms of the Whereas the death rate from cancer is held hearings on these and other vet­ disease at long last have begun to yield steadily increasing as our population grows; to the scientific skill of the medical and erans' benefits proposals. The committee Whereas more than one million Americans has now requested the House to confine men who have devoted their lives to the are currently under treatment for this dread its attention at this time to increasing problem. disease; and rates of disability compensation for serv­ Twenty-five years ago when a patient Whereas it is clearly in the interests o! ice-connected disabilities and loosening was discovered to have cancer, there was mankind that this disease be cured and con­ certain criteria for determining the eli­ one chance in five that he would be alive trolled; and gibility of widows' benefits. 5 years after treatment began. Today, Whereas prominent medical authorities I implore my colleagues to approve when a patient is diagnosed and the have indicated that cancer can be cured and controlled if the necessary funds are made these proposals. The increases which treatment is begun, there are two chances available; and vary from a low of 8 percent to a high of in five that he will live for more than 5 Whereas current appropriations are inade­ 12 percent, depending on the extent of an years. This is progress, but it is not quate to accomplish this task; and individual's impairment, will certainly enough progress for a nation such as Whereas it is both necessary and desirable go a long way toward restoring the eco­ ours against a disease such as cancer. that a national commitment be immediately nomic security of those veterans pos­ There is no reason why this Nation, undertaken to achieve a cure and control for sessing service-connected disabilities. with its medical minds and medical re­ cancer within this decade: It is hereby sources, backed up by Federal funds in Resolved, That it is the sense of the House Standards for determining widows' bene­ of Representatives that no less than $650,- fits should have been changed years ago a total national effort, cannot solve the 000,000 be appropriated annually over the to bring the standards more into line mystery of cancer, not only to cure every next ten fiscal years for the national cancer with the case law and present day reali­ patient who gets the disease, but to pre­ research program; and be it further ties; for at present, they reflect neither vent the disease as well and bring to an Resolved, That no less than $250,000,000 of the law nor reality. end its great cost in money, suffering and this appropriation be utilized to construct I also implore my colleagues not to loss of life. five new cancer research institutes in the The prospects of an early break­ United States during the first two years of turn their heads away from the problems the new appropriations. of our Nation's veterans once this legisla­ through in cancer are very real. There tion is passed. Increasing veterans' bene­ are imminent innovations due in the fits is an important matter, but it in no fields of surgery and radiotherapy. Even way cures major veterans' problems such more promising is the field of chemo­ GUIDELINES FOR THE $150 MIL­ as inadequate medical care and rehabili­ therapy where a great fund of knowl­ LION SCHOOL ASSISTANCE AP­ tation. These are areas in which grave edge in the treatment of advanced, dis­ PROPRIATION and unconscionable problems exist. seminated cancers has been developed. These are problems that must be rectified In leukemia, enormous progress has been by appropriate legislation if we, as a so­ made in the last 20 years. It was about HON. ROMAN C. PUCINSKI ciety, truly expect to discharge our obli­ 20 years ago that chemicals were used OF XLLINOIS gations to our disabled veterans of mili­ successfully in a patient for the first IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tary service. time to bring about a complete but tern­ porary remission. Today, it is possible to Monday, June 15, 1970 gain complete though temporary remis­ Mr. PUCINSKI. Mr. Speaker, on May TRIUMPH OVER CANCERr-A CRU­ sions in more than 90 percent of the 21, President Nixon sent Congress ames­ cases in one form of leukemia. What has sage on school desegregation in which he CIAL CRUSADE been learned in the treatment of cancer requested an immediate appropriation of cells in leukemia is now being used $150 million and passage of his desegre­ HON. JOHN M. MURPHY against solid cancers, those of the lung gation bill which authorizes another $1.3 OF NEW YORK and the thoracic cavity, and it is clear billion. Last week my subcommittee IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that this chemical approach is on the began hearings on Mr. Nixon's Emer­ verge of dramatic results. gency School Aid Act of 1970. Monday, June 15, 1970 Another field of cancer in which there At the same time, the Senate Appro­ Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr. is great hope for the immediate future priations Committee reported a supple­ Speaker, I have recently introduced a is in viruses which we know cause can- mental appropriations bill containing the June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19819 $150 million. The Senate will consider tion during the desegregation process. Ex­ Projects for introduction of inll"vative in­ amples of such activities a.re the following: structional methodologies which will improve this appropriation within a few weeks. 1. Special educational personnel and stu­ the quality of education in the desegregated During my subcommittee's considera­ dent progra.ms: school: tion of Mr. Nixon's bill, Secretary Finch (a) Special personnel: Individualized instruction. provided us with HEW's draft guidelines Temporary teachers-to provide release Master teachers. for the expenditure of the $150 million. time for regular instructional personnel to Team teaching. Since local school control is a major na­ participate in desegregation workshop activi­ Non-graded programs. tional issue, I would like to share this in­ ties. Special projects involving community agen­ Teacher aides-to reduce pupil-teacher cies and parents-to develop joint projects formation with my colleagues. ratios in order to give more attention to in­ between special-interest and civic groups, I believe it should be of interest to all dividual students. parents and the schools which would promote Members of Congress how the admin­ Special guidance and counseling and test­ understanding among citizens. Such projects istration plans to distribute this money. ing staff-to assist and counsel principals, could include sponsoring citywide and coun­ It should also be of deep concern to all teachers, and students in order to provide tywide art and music festivals, public meet­ Members that these guidelines put the educational programs that will remedy stu­ ings on relevant school problems (drug abuse, Federal Government more into the oper­ dent deficiencies. behavior. etc.). ation of local school districts than any Monitors-parents in the school com­ Exemplary instructional practices-to op­ munity to perform services that will reduce erate pilot projects which would demon­ other school bill enacted by Congress. potential behavioral problems on school strate exemplary instructional practices suit­ These guidelines completely negate as­ buses and school grounds. able for systemwide replication and for other surances by the Federal Government Crossing guards--to provide staff that will school districts involved in the desegrega­ that Federal aid does not mean Federal maximize safety precautions for children tion process. control. I hope my colleagues will care­ who may be taking new and different routes (f) State and local planning and adminis­ fully read these guidelines before they to school. tration: approve this appropriation. Administrative and clerical staff-to pro­ Expand technical assistance capabilities at vide additional personnel and time for im­ the State education agency level-to provide The guidelines follow: plementation of desegregation plans, e.g., ad­ additional personnel to assist the local edu­ DRAFT OF BASIC POLICIES FOR ADMINISTERING ditional month of employment during the cation agency in planning for desegregation. THE EMERGENCY ScHOOL ASSISTANCE APPRO­ summer for principals. Temporary staff at the local level to handle PRIATION OF $150 MILLION Now UNDER PRE­ (b) Student services: administrative details and clerical duties­ LIMINARY CONSIDERATION BY DHEW Remedial programs-to provide specialists, to provide additional temporary staff to deal I. Eligibility criteria: books and supplies for remediation in all sub­ with the logistics of changing from a dual 1. Eligibility for sponsorship: ject areas in which students are deficient. to a unitary system. For example, resched­ (a) Eligibility for sponsoring of project is Guidance and counseling-to provide ade­ uling of students and teachers, redrawing limited to local education agencies (LEA's) quate guidance and counseling staff in order transportation routes, supervision of neces­ which are implementing a court ordered to deal with student adjustment problems sary physical changes (moving equipment, or HEW approved plan of desegregation for resulting from the desegregation process. building renovation, etc.). September 1970 or which have implemented Diagnostic evaluation and testing pro­ Staff at the local level for planning and a plan of desegregation during the school grams-to provide diagnosticians trained to supervising the implementation of the de­ year 1968-69 or 1969-70. evaluate special sight, hearing and psycholog­ segregation plan. (b) Public or private "community or civic ical problems of students. 2. Community participation programs: organization," other than LEA's which are Work-study programs-to provide children (a) Public information activities: assisting a local school system in imple­ from poverty level families with specially-de­ Community information programs for par­ menting a court ordered or HEW approved signed school programs that would afford ents, teachers, and students-to provide fac­ plan of desegregation for September 1970 or them financial assistance so as to continue tual information about the desegregation which have implemented a plan of desegre­ their education. plan and school programs. gation during the school year 1968-69 or Health and nutrition services-to provide (b) Community programs: 1969-70. specialized personnel and services for stu­ School-home visitation programs-an ac­ 2. Eligibility for receipt of funds: dents having health and nutrition defi­ tivity to be performed by educational person­ (a) The application must submit a proj­ ciencies. nel to assist with dissemination of informa­ ect which is of sufficient comprehensiveness, Dropout prevention programs. tion about school programs and student prog­ size, and scope to offer reasonable assurance Student relations-to provide special pro­ ress in the desegregated school. that it will succeed in meeting the problems grams designed to assist students on prob­ Special parent programs-to provide pro­ incident to implementation of the appli­ lems such as acceptance, behavior, dress grams designed to increase parents' involve­ cant's desegregation plan. codes, etc. ment with the schools' programs, i.e., PTA, (b) An application must provide assurance (c) Educational personnel development: Education Emphasis Week, etc. that Federal funds made available for any Seminars on problems incident to desegre­ 3. Equipment and minor remodeling: fiscal year will be used so a.s to supplement gation-to provide training with skills ex­ Procurement and relocation of temporary and increase the level of funds that would, perts in the area of human relations so as classrooms (trailers, mobile facilities and in the absence of such Federal funds, be to minimize problems incident to desegrega­ demountables). available to the applicant from non-Federal tion. Procurement and relocation of equipment sources for purposes which meet the require­ Seminars on teacher interpersonal rela­ and classroom furniture, including replace­ ments of this authorization, and in no case tionships-to facilitate positive interpersonal ment of obsolete items. as to supplant such .funds from non-Federal relations among educational personnel Minor building renovation and remodeling sources. through training by skilled professionals in for general upgrading of a facility. (c) Sponsors of projects will be expected an intercultural understanding. to demonstrate that provision has been made Utilization of university expertise through for minority groups, parents, members of the institutes and inservice programs to deal community and others at interest to par­ with such problems as: POSTAL ACADEMY PROGRAM ticipate in an organized way in the develop­ Teaching bilingual children ment, review and evaluation of the project. Teaching children with speech and dialect (NoTE.-These draft criteria are being con­ deficiencies HON. HOWARD W. ROBISON sidered for purposes Of administering the Attitudes and problems of teachers, par­ OF NEW YORK ents and students involved in the desegrega­ special $150 million appropriation requested IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and are subject to change. They have not tion process yet been reviewed by all who might be able Upgrading basic skills and instructional Monday, June 15, 1970 to contribute ideas and useful suggestions. methodologies of teachers in English, math, They do not represent the same criteria, science, social sciences, language, arts, read­ Mr. ROBISON. Mr. Speaker, I was in whole or in part, that may be developed to ing, etc. glad to read in a recent Telease from the implement the Emergency School Aid Act of (d) Curriculum development: Post Office Department that its efforts 1970 or similar legislation now under con­ Utilization of expert consultants to shape to establish the postal academy program sideration by the Congress.) and design new curricula approaches and to for disadvantaged youth was proceeding (d) In the case of sponsorship by public or introduce curriculum innovations that would serve children with multi-ethnic back­ on schedule. Postmaster General Win­ private community or civic organizations ton M. Blount has announced that 52 other than an LEA, a project will be funded grounds. only when lt is clearly in support of the LEA New and varied i.nstructional materials. postal volunteers will begin training for plan. Improved evaluation and assessment of their September assignments at an inac­ n. Funds may be used for activities that student progress. tive Job Corps center. The Postmaster maintain and improve the quality of educa.- (e) Special demonstration projects: General should be commended not only 19820. EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1970 \ \ for keeping this program on schedule, misleading, I believe, because to compare ington to the residents of California's l but also for his economical use of an <.. Federal military expenditures only with 30th Congressional District, "Spring } inactive facility. total Federal expenditures it;nores out­ 1970," highlighting some of the major ) The text of the release follows for lays by State and local governments, both accomplishments and significant legisla­ those of my colleagues who did not see it: of which are vital parts of the total na­ tive issues considered during the early WASHINGTON, D.C.-Postma.ster General tionwide Government spending effort. months of the 91st Congress, second Winton M. Blount today announced that an The Federal Government bears pri­ session. inactive job corps center in Mountainair, mary responsibility for providing na­ In addition to this series of regular re­ New Mexico, is being converted into a "multi­ tional defense, whereas State and local ports, I have also sent out 16 special re­ purpose training facility" for the Post Office governments share major financial re­ Department. ports to cover topics and events in the The site will become operational June 7 sponsibility in such areas as education Nation's Capital of particular interest when 52 postal volunteers begin training for and welfare. Taking such State and lo­ to the citizens of our Metropolitan Los teaching and counseling positions in the cal expenditures into account, a more Angeles area. Postal Academy Program for disadvantaged accurate perc _nk,ge of direct miiitary The report follows: youths. expenditures to total Government ex­ CONGRESSMAN ED ROYBAL REPORTS FROM Last month, pilot academy programs began penditures is 29.4 percen~see below. WASHINGTON in five cities: Chicago, Detroit, San Fran­ While we may still debate whether this EDUCATION cisco, Atlanta and Washington, D.C. is an appropriate share of Government The aim of the academy program is to One of the highlights of the 91st Congress expenditures to devote to military pur­ is our success in asserting a leadership role motivate, educate and train school drop­ poses, we should at least wortt from an outs, aged 16 to 21, as well as postal em­ in beginning the process of reordering our ployees who have been unable to qualify for accurate base. national priorities to focus more directly on advancement within the Post Office Depart­ ·I have purposely avoided adding in­ the many urgent domestic challenges facing direct military expendituret-such as in­ the United States today-such as the present ment. education crisis. The eight-week session beginning next terest on the national debt, Veterans' Ad­ Because of inadequate local tax reve­ week in Mountainair is designed to cultivate ministration costs, and so forth-to my nues, plus failure of many of the state basic skills for understanding and expand­ calculations since they would only muddy governments to bear a proportionate share of ing the limited backgrounds of potential the waters and take our eyes off an ac­ the financial burden of providing every child academy trainees. curate percentage that we can analyze a quality education, school systems have In September, the program candidates will come to rely increasingly on federal assist­ staff additional academies scheduled to open rationally in ordering our priorities. The figures follow: ance to assure full educational opportunity in the five pilot cities, as well as Newark, New for all our citizens-especially in larger ur­ Jersey. The Department is considering fur­ DmECT MILITARY EXPENDITURES AS A PERCENT­ ban areas like Los Angeles, where an infla­ ther expansion of the academy concept be­ AGE OF ALL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES FOR tionary cost spiral, plus an ever-increasing ginning in January of next year. FISCAL YEAR 1969 demand for more schools and teachers has In addition to training academy staff [Fiscal year 1969, in billions. placed an impossible strain on existing fund­ members, Mountainair will become another Total Federal expendituresl______$184.6 ing capacities. management training center for the postal Total State a:;J.d local government I am proud to have taken part in this service. 2 Congressional initiative, and to have voted According to Mr. Blount, the new :--.Jte is expenditures ------92.3 for an education appropriation that would easily accessible to the western postal re­ Total Federal, State, and local have meant more than $150 million in addi­ ~ions, and offers an abundance of utiliza­ government expenditures___ 276.9 tional funds for the State of California, and tion possibilities. He said the facility will Total Federal military expenditures__ $81.2 would have benefited our financially hard­ soon become a vital link in the overall train­ Total State and local military ex- pressed Los Angeles Unified School District ing operations of the postal system. by some $15 million-a real help to the over­ The Postal Inspection Service is studying penditures3 ------.1 burdened property taxpayers of our com­ the feasibility of maintaining a training Total Federal, State, and local munity. center for all new inspectors at Mountainair. military expenditures______81. 3 I also voted to override the President's veto The facility is also a potential site for vari­ of this vital education bill, because I do not ous postmaster and supervisor training ses­ $81.3 divided by $276.9 equals 29.4 percent. think that America's urgent domestic needs can be handled on a "business as usual" basis sions. 1 Bureau of the Budget. "Budget of the The Postmaster General expressed his any longer. United States Government, FY ending 1971, CAMBODIA thanks to the citizens and community lead­ p. 591. ers of Mountainair for their cooperation in 2 I strongly opposed the President's recent Department of Commerce, Bureau of the unilateral decision to send American ground helping bring the Post Office Department to Census, "Economic Report of the President, their area. combat troops into neutralist Cambodia, February 1970, Table c-70, p. 259, prelimi­ thereby expanding the tragic Vietnamese The former job corps center opened in 1965 nary figures for FY 1968. Yearly growth pat­ and remained operational until last sum­ conflict into what now appears to be fast tern of 10 percent added to preliminary becoming a full-fledged regional war engulf­ mer. Since that time, the facility has been FY 1968 figure of $102.4 billion, less esti­ inactive. ing the entire Indochinese peninsula. mated $20.3 billion in direct Federal pay­ Because of my concern, I sent the Presi­ ments to state and local governments, "Spe­ dent the following telegram: cial Analyses, Budget of the United States Such involvement runs counter to your ex­ AN ACCURATE PICTURE OF DIRECT Government, FY ending 1971, p. 226). pressed purpose of reducing our commit­ MILITARY EXPENDITURES AS A a Expenditures on National Guard. In FY ments in Southeast Asia. After five years o! PERCENTAGE OF ALL DIRECT 1969, according to the National Guard Asso­ futility in Vietnam, what policy lures us to GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES ciation, Federal expenditures for all Guard intervene in Cambodia? This decision will re­ FISCAL YEAR 1969 units totaled $994.67 mill1on. Based on yearly sult in increased suffering and loss o! life, estimates by the NGA over the last 15 years, and will also increase the tensions and divi­ state and local governments spend from sions within our own country.... It is HON. R. LAWRENCE COUGHLIN their own fiscal sources approximately 10 clear that the end-solution in Southeast Asia OF PENNSYLVANIA percent more than the federal figure (for can only be one that is worked out by the certain operations, maintenance and person­ Asians themselves, not an American settle­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nel costs). ment. Monday, June 15, 1970 I subsequently introduced House Resolu­ tion 986: Resolved, that, in the absence of a Mr. COUGHLIN. Mr. Speaker, I be­ REPORT FROM WASHINGTON declaration of war, it is the policy of the lieve my colleagues would be interested in House of Representatives that fiscal year 1971 figures compiled at my request by the defense expenditures in South Vietnam Legislative Reference Service which re­ HON. EDWARD R. ROYBAL should be limited to only that amount re­ flect an accur::tte percentage of our entire OF CALIFORNIA quired to carry out the safe and orderly with­ drawal of all American combat and support Government expenditures spent directly IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES on military affairs. troops from South Vietnam by the end o! Monday, June 15, 1970 fiscal year 1971 (June 30, 1971): and be it We have often heard figures quoted further Resolved, that no funds in the &cal as high as 60, 67, and 70 percent as rep­ Mr. ROYBAL. Mr. Speaker, I am happy year 1971 defense budget are to be used to resentative of the military share of our to include in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD finance the operation of any American com­ yearly expenditures. These figures are the text of my 22d Report From Wash- bat or support troops in Cambodia or Laos. June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19821

WILSHmE CENTER services field. Many enrollees have been hired issues of special interest to Los Angeles, the Joining with William Critchfield, Presi­ in departments of the Los Angeles County State of California, and the Na tion. dent of the Wilshire Center Chamber of Com­ Government, as well as the California Youth Like the encouraging experience with my merce, in celebrating the Chamber's 50th an­ Authority, community service centers, local previous Congressional Polls, I was highly niversary during the annual Wilshire Cen­ hospitals and school districts. pleased at the overwhelming response to t his t er Day parade. It is encouraging to see the success of the opportunity to participate in the affairs of The Southern California Congressional New Careerists, who have gained permanent government by indicating your opinion on Delegation also welcomed the officers, direc­ employment in the agencies in which they these vital issues. tors and committee chairmen from the Los have trained, and who are continuing to The tabulated results will be made avail­ Angeles Chamber during their Spring meet­ serve the needs of the community as capable able in my next newsletter report from ing in Washington to discuss topics of con­ and worthwhile employees. Washington. cern to all area residents, such as airport VETERANS ASSISTANCE CALIFORNIA'S EXPANDING ECONOMY development, the California Water Plan, aid Showing me a copy of the Los Angeles Dr. Robert Connor, Director of Product Re­ to education and mass transit assistance. County proposal for a unique, new Veterans search & Development, and Senior Chemist Chamber leaders emphasized the urgent Assistance Center to be located in Los Art Sutton, demonstrate a new piece of need for all elements of the urban commu­ Angeles are (1 tor): Bill Leone, Chief of the laboratory equipment at the internationally­ nity to work closely together to help solve County's Special Services Division; Joe Pol­ known, Los Angeles-based cosmetics firm the growing social and economic problems lard, County Supervisors' Legislative Con­ of Max Factor & Co. that confront the United States, particularly sultant in Washington; Arnold Martinez, The firm, celebrating its 60th year in busi­ in our major metropolitan population centers Field Representative for Supervisor Ernest ness and providing steady employment for like Los Angeles. Debs; and Carols Ruiz, wLth the newly more than 1500 people locally, won the top MALABAR READING PROGRAM created federal Cabinet Committee on Op­ achievement award of the Los Angeles Area One of the most successful education proj­ portunities for the Spanish Speaking. Chamber of Commerce for "significant con­ ects in America, funded through the federal We succeeded in obtaining federal agency tributions oo Southern California's economic Elementary and Secondary Education Act, is approval of the project, and secured pledges growth," thereby helping develop a more now being conducted at Los Angeles' Mala­ of cooperation and funding support from the broadly based industry to assure the future bar Street Elementary School. Veterans Administration, the Departments of prosperity of our entire State. Demonstrating highly effective techniques Labor, and Health, Education & Welfare, and A highlight of my visit was talking with for dramatically improving reading, arith­ the Office of Economic Opportunity. Davis Factor, Chairman of the Board, who, metic, vocabulary, and IQ scores of children, When fully operating, the Los Angeles like myself, was reared in Boyle Heights. We the Malabar Reading Program is listed by Veterans Assistance Center will be one of the discussed the history of that area, the prom­ the U.S. Office of Education as being rated first of its kind in the nation designed spe­ inent men it has produced, and the out­ among the top 3 percent of the 1300 educa­ cifically to provide returning Vietnam serv­ standing contribution that many of its resi­ tion programs selected as the best in the icemen with a new concept of personal­ dents, both past and present, have made in United States on the basis of an intensive ized outreach services-to insure that all every field of endeavor. veterans, especially those recently separated, 2-year nationwide survey. ETHNIC STUDIES I am delighted to have had the opportu­ receive comprehensive educational, vocation­ al, counseling, social services, and job train­ As recent guest speaker for the Asian Amer­ nity of playing an important role in the ican Studies Class of Pasadena City College; success of the Malabar project since the ing and placement assistance tailored to the individual needs of the veteran-to help him I discussed with Harry Kawahara, course early 1960s, when the program was started instructor, and students Agnes Suzuki as an experimental pilot project. make a successful readjustment to civilian life, take full advantage of all government and Jane Kawahara, details of my bill, H.R. After helping secure initial federal fund­ 14910, the Ethnic Heritage Studies Act, which ing from the Office of Education's Bureau benefits available to him, and become a pro­ ductive, self-supporting member of the would assist in developing educational pro­ of Research, I headed a 20-member biparti­ grams to provide elementary and high school san California Congressional Delegation community. As a member of the House Veterans Affairs students an opportunity to learn more about which succeeded in obtaining federal oper­ the unique cultural contributions of ating support to continue the project-by Committee, I was also happy to have been able to help secure enactment this year of America's major ethnic groups in building getting education officials in Washington to our national heritage. re~·erse their original decision against con­ Public Law 91-219, which provides an aver­ tinued funding. age overall increase of 35% in veterans ed­ The bill would establish a number of ucation and training allowances. Ethnic Heritage Studies Centers, each de­ This year, some 1400 children in pre-school voted to development of curriculum materials through sixth grade at the Malabar School WELFARE REFORM dealing with one ethnic group, or a regional are participating in the program, which has I joined with a bipartisan majority of 243 group of ethnic cultures, as well as the train­ raised the academic performance of the stu­ to 155 in the House to approve a long-over­ ing of teachers to utilize these curriculum dents significantly, including those children due effort to reform the nation's public as­ with limited English language ability. packages as study units in their regular sistance programs. classes. Besides concentrating on developing read­ By recognizing that welfare is a national, The studies would pertain to a particualr ing and language skills, the Malabar project not a purely local problem, the measure is a stressed individualized as well as self-in­ group's history, geography, society, literature, step in the direction of relieving state and art, music, language, drama, economy, and struction; curriculum change; extensive par­ local taxpayers of the major financial burden ent participation; emphasis on the child's general culture, and encourage a greater of supporting the country's fast-growing awareness and appreciation of the group's own organizing abilities; promoting healthy public assistance programs, while attempt­ self-concepts to encourage the student to importance as a contributor to the rich di­ ing to establish a national minimum tloor versity of our American way of life. view himself as a success in the school en­ for family assistance, combined with work vironment; plus a wide range of cultural and incentive and job training features. AT YOUR SERVICE extra-curricular activities. The bill is now being considered by the The members of my Congressional office It is hoped that officials in other school Senate, with final details remaining to be staff in Washington, as well as those in our systems will be able to use the Malabar pro­ worked out. Los Angeles District Office, are anxious to gram as a model to upgrade the level of But, in my opinion, national welfare re­ help you in any way they can. Please continue achievement in their own schools. form is must legislation, if property taxpay­ to make full use of the many services avail­ JOB TRAINING ers in metropolitan centers like Los Angeles able through our offices by contacting us Trying my hand at carpentry at the fed­ are ever to be able to look forward to mean­ whenever you feel we can be of personal erally-funded Youth Training & Employment ingful tax relief. assistance. Project, where several enrollees are shown YOUNG SAINTS IN WASHINGTON assisting in construction of additional class­ California's famous Young Saints musical rooms and office space. The majority of these group gave a benefit performance for serv­ BRUNSWICK, GA., A GOOD PLACE youths are high school dropouts. But at icemen at Walter Reed Army Hospital during TO LIVE AND WORK YTEP, they receive counseling, remedial edu­ their recent East Coast tour. cation in basic skills, and vocational train­ I was glad to work out details of this bene­ ing to prepare them for placement in pro­ fit, as well as help arrange for their appear­ HON. W. S. (BILL) STUCKEY ductive jobs. ance at the White House dinner honoring the OF GEORGIA I was also happy to announce a $700,000 Duke and Duchess of Windsor. It is a pleas­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES job training award from the U.S. Depart­ ure to encourage the development of youth­ ment of Labor to continue the 150-trainee ful talent from our Los Angeles community. Monday, June 15, 1970 "New Careers" project operated by the Mexi­ can American Opportunity Foundation in LEGISLATIVE QUESTIONNAmE Mr. STUCKEY. Mr. Speaker, we all East Los Angeles. This innovative program, Again this year, I sent out a questionnaire take pride in progress in our country o1fers skill training and work experience to soliciting the views of the residents of the and as a Member of this Congress I take low-income persons primarily in the social 3oth District on some of the major legislative particular pride in growth and progress \ 19822 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1970 l, ') o! those cities and counties located in For more than 50 years lt was their private of certain insurance companies which went playground. Then in 1942 German sub­ / the Eighth Congressional District of a bankrupt while they held policies with them. \. , Georgia. marine torpedoed a tanker near Jekyll Is­ The companies involved are of the I would like to include at this point an land. U.S. military leaders feared the Nazis "mutual'' type, generally ones offering cov­ article which appeared in the Genera­ might try to capture the island~ The Jekyll erage at lesser costs than other companies, Island Club was close.d, and the Coast Guard but who hold policyholders liable for any tor the employee publication of Bab­ moved in. debts incurred. coc'k & Wilcox Power Generation Divi­ After the war the state of Georgia bought The situation came into focus last week sion in Brunswick, Ga. the island, built a bridge to the mainland when the department notified 96,000 policy­ This article points out that progress and opened the island to the public as a year­ holders of the bankrupt Commonwealth can be made and industry can grow round resort. Today, thousands of visitors Mutual Insurance Co. that it was lnitiating without ruining the surrounding en­ enjoy golf, swimming, fishing, bicycling, assessment action against the policyholders. miniature golf and tennis at the former mil­ vironment. People can work and rest and lionaires' playground. RASH OF COMPLAINTS enjoy recreational activities in pleasant Between Brunswick and the Golden Isles The notices brought a rash of complaints, surroundings that are at the same time are the fabled Marshes of Glynn immortal­ leading the department to conclude that productive. ized by Sidney Lanier. Less than a mile from most of the policyholders had no idea of The article follows: B&W's Brunswick works 1s Lanier's Oak, their responsibilities. where the poet was inspired to some of his Altogether, the department has the task BRUNSWICK, GA., A GOOD PLACE TO of collecting money from holders ot 389,884 LivE AND WORK most famous poetry. At Glynco, United States Naval Air Station, six miles north of Bruns­ policies written by companies over the past "I am convinced that God meant this land wick, is the largest naval radar operators two decades. Only about 300,000 persons are for people to rest in-not to work in." That's school in the world. - involved because some hold more than one what Sidney Lanier, Georgia's great poet, policy. wrote about Brunswick, Ga., nearly 100 years To travelers heading to Florida along U.S. 17, Brunswick may be just another city along In many cases, the task of finding policy­ ago. holders is complicated by deaths, new ad­ Today, Brunswick is not exactly a rest area. the way. To the people in the B&W works on U.S. 17, Brunswick is a great place to work dresses and phone numbers, and similar It has an estimated population of 25,500, and and rest. things. Often, cost of the dunning process is the home of more than 70 manufacturing is more than the debt sought. and processing companies. B&W's Power Gen­ rrE~S BA~OGGED eration division works ls the third largest in­ dustrial plant in town, outranked only by POLICYHOLDERS SOUGHT ON The situation 1s the result of years of Hercules Powder Company and Brunswick INSURANCE DEBTS neglect in collecting such assessments. When Pulp & Paper Corporation. former Insurance Commissioner David 0. Because of the rapidly expanding market Maxwell took office in 1967, he ordered an for its products in the South and South­ HON. WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD immediate effort to clean up the records west, B&W in 1952 purchased outright from and collect all backlogged assessments. OF PENNSYLVANU The problem is compounded by the fact the Brunswick Port Authority a 110-acre IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES former shipyard, with a two-bay fabricating many of the policy holders are in low in­ shop, on the harbor side of the city. Monday, June 15, 1970 come groups who grabbed up the cheaper Mean annual temperature in the area of rates offered by the mutual companies, with­ 68.4 degrees permits both indoor and outdoor Mr. MOORHEAD. Mr. Speaker, earlier out closely reading the contracts. work year-round. this year I introduced legislation to cre­ In addition to heavy industry, Brunswick ate a Federal Insurance Guaranty Cor­ boasts some of the largest shrimp and crab poration. processing plants in the United States. More This agency would protect insurance TRIDUTE TO THE HONORABLE than 10 million pounds of shrimp are taken policyholders against insurance com­ CLIFFORD DAVIS from Brunswick waters each year. Shrimp pany insolvencies and certain other in­ boats usually begin coming in with their catches around 3 P.M. each day, and visitors surance company practices which escape the censure of State insurance officials. HON. ROBERT L. F. SIKES to the city gather along Bay Street in down­ OF FLORIDA town Brunswick to watch them unload. The analogy between my FIGC con­ The first settlement in the area grew cept and the FDIC cannot be drawn too IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES around Fort Frederica, which General James strongly. The Federal Insurance Guar­ Monday, June 15, 1970 Oglethorpe established on St. Simons Island anty Corporation would function to pro­ in 1736. At its peak, Frederica had a popula­ Mr. SIKES. Mr. Speaker, I am honored tion of about 1,500 and the fort claimed the tect insurance consumers in the same to join with my colleagues in paying distinction of being "the largest, most regu­ manner the Federal Deposit Insurance special tribute to our esteemed friend and lar, and perhaps most costly" British fortifi­ Corporation watches our banking prac­ distinguished former colleague, the late cation in North America. It was General Ogle­ tices. Clifford Davis, who passed away on thorpe's military headquarter~ for op~rations The problem of insurance companies June 8. He was one of those people who against the Spanish in Flonda durmg the going under is ominous. It means peo­ once met is always remembered. He had War of Jenkins' Ear (1739-48). Military op­ ple left without coverage, claims and erations in the Georgia-Florida area culmi­ a talent for friendship. He had a talent nated in the Battle of Bloody Marsh on St. claimants unsatisfied, and too often, in­ for leadership and a unique talent for Simons Island where Oglethorpe's outnum­ nocent policyholders stuck with the bills being a wonderfully warm human being. bered troops defeated a Spanish invasion of the failing companies. I have lost a friend and I shall miss Cliff force on July 7, 1742. Never again was Spain The Senate Commerce Committee will Davis. a major threat to Georgia. shortly report out legislation dealing After a successful career in Memphis, The Colonial Council of the Royal Province with this and other insurance problems. of Georgia, at a meeting in 1771, laid out the Tenn., as a municipal court judge, vice Hearings have not been held in the mayor and commissioner of public safety, city of Brunswick and name.d the streets and House on my legislation. parks. The city was named 1n honor of King he was elected to the House of Repre­ George III of England, who was of the House I am sure all of my colleagues have sentatives in 1940. This was the same of Hanover or Brunswick. Glynn County, of received constituen-t complaints on in­ year I was elected to the House and it which Brunswick is the county seat, was surance issues. Many of these problems was my privilege to enjoy his friendship named in honor of John Glynn, a member would cease to exist if we could set some throughout his service in Washington. of Parliament who sympathized with the strong national guidelines for the in­ He served with distinction through 1964, colonists in their struggle for independence. surance industry. The FIGC legislation Although Brunswick is a bustling hub of will do this. a period of 24 years. During his service industry and commerce the adjacent Golden here he accomplished many important Isles of Georgia are ideal spots to rest. Also I would like to introduce an article objectives. He was chairman of the Sub­ called "Sea Islands," this chain of lush, sub­ from the June 1 Pittsburgh Press which committee on Flood Control, chairman tropical islands stretches from Savannah explores one facet of the insurance com­ of the Select Subcommittee on Real south to Brunswick. Best known of the group pany insolvency problem. Property Acquisition of the Committee are Sea Island, St. Silnons and Jekyll, all of The article follows : which can be reached by bridge or causeway on Public Works, and was appointed by from Brunswick. POLICYHOLDERS SOUGHT ON INSURANCE DEBTS the Speaker of the House to serve as In the 1880's a group of millionaires, look­ HAluusBURG, May 31.-The state Insurance chairman of the Special Committee To ing for a private winter resort away from it Department is trying to collect more than Investigate Campaign Expenditures for an, bought Jekyll Island and built homes $22 million from some 300,000 Pennsyl­ the House of Representatives for five there. vanians who are responsible for the debts consecutive terms. June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19823 Cliff's contribution to our country's Cpl. Berning had spent more than 10 treatment of prisoners taken in armed con­ months in Vietnam. flict which, by its terms, specifically covered development can also be seen in many "Tom was supposed to come home July all such conflicts whether in declared wars fine projects built across this country by 30," Mrs. Berning said. "And he was always or not; and the Corps of Engineers. They have pro­ looking forward to it in his letters." Whereas, This Convention covered, among vided safety, insured progress, and im­ The family had received two letters from other points, provisions guaranteeing; proved recreation for millions of our him Monday. 1. The identification of prisoners held cap­ citizens. It was Cli:ff Davis' vision and "He said he had been made a squad leader tive. foresight and diligence and hard work several weeks ago. Otherwise, he said there 2. The release of prisoners seriously wasn't much to write aboUt ... it was the wounded or ill. that helped to make possible the mag­ same old thing." 3. The allowance of a proper flow of letters nificent flood control protection which Cpl. Berning had enlisted in the Marines in and packages to and from prisoners. now prevails throughout the Mississippi February, 1969, and trained at Camp Pendle­ 4. The protection of prisoners from injury River system. His contributions ca~ be ton, Cal. or abuse by the public. seen in the Appalachia program, in its A 1967 graduate of Newport Catholic High 5. The prohibition of the use of prisoners development, and in the help it has given School, he was employed at the Frank Tea & for propaganda purposes. and the hope it has created in the hearts Spice Co., Cincinnati, until his enlistment. 6. The provision of adequate food and He is the 112th area casualty of Southeast shelter. of millions of our citizens in these poverty Asia and the 29th Campbell Countian to 7. Access to prisoners and inspection of stricken areas. die. the conditions of their confinement by the Cliff and his wonderful wife, Carrie, Army Pfc. Robert R. Berning, 20, of High­ International Red Cross, and were a very significant part of the com­ land Heights, was killed last week in Cam­ Whereas, The government of North Viet­ munity life of Washington and their bodia. The two are not related. nam and its lackeys, the Viet Cong and own city of Memphis. Both contributed Besides his parents, Cpl. Berning leaves Pathet Lao, have systematically violated each significantly to the strength of the Demo­ two sisters, Mrs. Larry (Mary) Rininger of and every one of the above mentioned rules Newport, and Miss Debbie Berning, at home; of civilized warfare, even refusing the uni­ cratic Party. The work they did will live two brothers, John and Greg, at home, and versally accepted right of the International long in the memories of those who have maternal grandparents, Mr. and Mrs. Henry Red Cross to have access to such prisoners known and loved them. Sandfoss, Newport. and to report on and work for their welfare; To Mrs. Davis, to Cliff's sons, Clifford, His father is employed at the Lord Balti­ and Jr., and Ray, and to his daughter, Mrs. more Press Division of International Paper Whereas, It is now definitely established George Chauncey, Mrs. Sikes and I ex­ Co. that prtsoners have been humiliated, starved tend our deepest sympathy. Radel Funeral Home, Newport, is in charge and grossly abused physically and mentally. of arrangements. Furthermore, the lack of identification and mail has resulted in great mental torture, NORTHERN KENTUCKY MARINE not only to these prisoners, but to their KILLED IN VIETNAM AMERICAN LEGION RESOLUTION ON dependents and loved ones in this country; POW'S and now, therefore, be it Resolved, By the National Executive Com­ HON. M. G. (GENE) SNYDER mittee of The American Legion, in regular HON. CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI meeting assembled at Indianapolis, Indiana, OF KENTUCKY OF WISCONSIN May 6-7, 1970, that The American Legion con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES demns the brutal treatment of prisoners by IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Monday, June 15, 1970 their Communist captors in Southeast Asia Monday, June 15, 1970 and demands that said Communist entities, Mr. SNYDER. Mr. Speaker, I rise to­ governments, and juntas comply with re­ day to pay tribute to L. Cpl. Thomas J. Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Speaker, at its quests for inspection by the International Berning, who was killed on a combat national executive committee meeting Red Cross and afford to all prisoners in mission in Quang Nam Province, on May 6 and 7, the American Legion passed their hands the rights guaranteed under the Tuesday, June 2, 1970. a resolution on the subject of American Geneva Convention; and be it further. Tom was the 112th northern Ken­ servicemen who are prisoners of war in Resolved, That the American Legion, its tucky fighting man to give his life for Asia. Departments and Posts embark on a satura­ The resolution condemns the brutal tion campaign, including but not limited to his country in Southeast Asia. rallies, petitions, letter writing and tele­ Though the Nation is experiencing dis­ treatment of prisoners by the North Viet­ grams in order that the American Public sent over America's commitment, Tom namese and NLF, calls for an expression may be fully informed about the status of Berning answered the call to duty. He of public indignation by all Americans, these "Forgotten Americans" and to the end paid the supreme sacrifice for his coun­ and requests that the United Nations ap­ that public indignation be thunderously ex­ try and for those of us whom he died point an independent commission to in­ pressed not only to the Communist captors defending. vestigate the status of prisoners. but throughout the civilized world that Na­ For their positive action on behalf of tional Headquarters advise the Posts, Tom Berning died that others could through the Departments, of proper tech­ live-and remain free. I know I speak our POW's, the American Legion is to niques for implementing such campaigns; for the people of the Fourth District of be commended highly. A r- it has so many and be it further Kentucky-and for all Americans-when times in the past, that organization is Resolved, that the President of the United I convey my deep sense of sympathy to acting in the best tradition of humani­ States through our representation in the the Berning family. tarianism and patriotism. United Nations seek the appointment by The front page story reporting Tom's I am sure that the efforts of the Amer­ that body of an independent commission to loss, which appeared in the June 4 Ken­ ican Legion, coupled with the many other investigate the status of prisoners held by tucky Post, by Howard Raver, follows: organizations which are seeking to en­ Communist entities in Southeast Asia; and list public interest and concern for our be it finally DUE HOME IN JULY--CORPORAL Dn:s IN Resolved, That a copy of t his resolution be VIETNAM captured and missing servicemen, will forwarded to the President of the United (By Howard Raver) be helpful in gaining some measure of States, to each member of the Congress of the A 20-year-old Newport boy, Thomas J. relief for our men and their loved ones United States and to each foreign embassy Berning, has given his life in the Vietnam here at home. and consulate in this count ry. war. Mr. Speaker, I believe the American Berning, a lance corporal in the Martnes, Legion resolution deserves the attention was killed Tuesday on a combat mission in of all Members of Congress and it is my Quang Nam Province. privilege to place it in the RECORD at THE BALTIC PEOPLES MARK A He was the son of Mr. and Mrs. Fred SAD ANNIVERSARY Berning of 123 W. 13th street, Newport. this point: The Bernings have learned only sketchy NATIONAL EXECUTIVE CoMMITTEE MEETING OF details of what happened. They were told THE AMERICAN LEGION HELD MAY 6-7, HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. Tom had suffered "penetrating head and 1970-REsoLUTION No. 8 chest injuries from explosives" on the mis­ Committee: Foreign Relations. OF NEW JERSEY sion. Subject: American Servicemen-Prisoners of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "The Marine officers came to the house War. Monday, June 15, 1970 with the news Tuesday afternoon," the young Whereas, the government of North Viet­ victim's mother said. "Then a telegram came nam was one of 126 signatories to the Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, it is in a Wednesday morning from the Marine Corps." Geneva Convention of 1949 on the humane sombre mood that the Baltic peoples \ 19824 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1970 \ \ mark the anniversary of their Soviet oc­ can Hungarian Federation, realizing the The American Hungarian Federation cau­ ) cupation and the cessation of their inde­ value of freedom and the right to dis­ tions bOth students and faculties and the pendence as free peoples. agree, perhaps more poignantly than agencies of the local, State and Federal gov­ ernments. that the tactics used by many of Those of us who are the custodians of many of today's students, warns that the "New I:.eft" groups closely parallel Com­ a democratic way of life, who fortu­ "utopian concern for social reform can munist Party- tactics and rhetoric used after nately experience the precious essence and has been used as an effective smoke­ World War ll in Hungary and other East Cen­ of liberty, also have an awesome respon­ screen for spreading communism." tral European countries. The American Hun­ sibility to those whose plight is less for­ Mr. Speaker, I share with my col­ garian Federation, therefore, calls. for in­ tunate. leagues the full text of the Hungarian creased vigilance and exposure of these sub­ I salute the people of Latvia, Lithu­ resolution: versive tactics and the rhetoric by faculty, ania, and Estonia who, despite their op­ RESOLUTION writers and government agencies as well. Be it resolved that the American Hungarian RT. REV. ZOLTAN BEKY, D.D., pressive occupation, continue to strive Bishop emeritus, Chairman of the and support and sustain a free spirit. Federation's Board of Directors meeting Board. I share their faith and trust that they strongly condemns the present violent pro­ tests on the several campuses of the nation Dr. LOUIS FUR-v ARNOLD, once again will be blessed with the lib­ in regard to the President's limited inter­ National Secretary. erty which is the right of all mankind vention in Communist-invaded Cambodia for Prof. Z. MICHAEL SZAZ, Ph. D., and that their hopes for their unique the purpose of protecting American armed Secretary of International Rela­ identities will come to fruition. forces in South Viet Nam. tions~ Mr. Speaker, I am proud to be as­ The American Hungarian Federation con­ NEw YoRK, May 16, 1970. sociated with the cause of the Baltic siders such protests unpatriotic.. seditious and peoples, for I share their goals and potentially- subversive and calls upon com­ petent university, local, State and Federal ideals. officials and agencies to undertake a compre­ U.S. FLAG FLIES AGAIN IN The following resolution passed in hensive investigation into these violent pro­ RHODESIA 1965 expresses the sentiment of the U.S. tests with particular emphasis on (a) sources Congress: of financing; (b) Communist ideological and HOUSE CONFERENCE RESOLUTION 416 organizational infiltration; (c) seditious and HON. H._ R. GROSS revolutionary intent of their leadership and OF IOWA Whereas the subjection of peoples to alien to recommend legislative, executive and ad­ subjugation, domination, and exploitation ministrative actions needed to prevent and/ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES constitutes a denial of fundamental human or to control effectively any subversive, sedi­ Monday, June 15, 1970 rights, is contrary to the Charter of the tious and violent groups in the nation bOth United Nations, and is an impediment to on and off-crunpus. Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, it is entirely the promotion of world peace and coopera­ The American Hungarian Federation con­ fitting that on this observance of Flag tion; and demns in strongest terinS the continued cod­ Day in the House of Representatives that Whereas all peoples have the right to self­ dling of the protest movement by various TV we should learn that once again Old determination; by virtue of that right they and radio networks giving unduly wide and freely determine their political status and Glory has been raised in the Republic generally sympathetic coverage to subver­ of Rhodesia. freely pursue their economic, social, cultural, sive and seditious groups and individuals at­ and religious development; and tacking our political and social system and It was a sad day in the affairs of the Whereas the Baltic peoples of Estonia, the Constitution. United States when President Lyndon Latvia, and Lithuania have been forcibly de­ It commends the attitude of the majority Johnson joined in the boycott of Rho­ prived of these rights by the Government of of college and graduate students for their desia and severed diplomatic relations the Soviet Union; and non-participation in the violent protests and with those friendly peoples, and no credit Whereas the Government of the Soviet student strikes which a determined and sub­ is to be extended to President Nixon for Union, through a program of deportations versive minority tries to foist upon some of continuing the boycott. and resettlement of peoples, continues in the universities of the nation. its effort to change the ethnic character of But to know that the American­ It calls upon the presidents of the univer­ the populations of the Baltic States; and sities of the nation not to permit interrup­ Southern Africa Council has again raised Whereas it has been the firm and consistent tion of the learning process for the sake of the U.S. flag in Rhodesia gives us hope policy of the Government of the United protest and to face up to the necessity of that the misguided in this country may States to support the aspirations of Baltic expelling rebellious and anarchistic students yet acknowledge the error of their ways. peoples for self-determination and national and non-tenure faculty despite the monetary Let Old Glory, as it flutters in the independence; and inconveniences this may impose upon them. Whereas there exist many historical, and breeze in Salisbw:y, carry the message The American-Hungarian Federation sug­ to Rhodesians that millions of Americans family ties between the peoples of the Baltic gests that expulsion and dismissal procedures States and the American people: Be it be strengthened and rigorously enforced by support them in severing their relations Resolved by the House of Representatives university authorities. It deplores the deci­ with Britain and in the establishment of (the Senate concurring), That the House of sion taken by a score of universities, mostly their young Republic. Representatives of the United States urge in the northeast, to suspend classes until the Following is an article from the the President of the. United States- fall. Rhodesian Herald: (a) to direct the attention of world opin­ In condemning violent protest and un­ [From the Rhodesia Herald, May 29, 1970} ion at the United Nations and at other ap­ patriotic attitudes toward the President and propriate international foruinS and by such the armed forces of the United States and UNITED STATES FLAG FLIEs AGAIN IN SALISBURY means as he deems appropriate, to the denial the police of the various states and cities, An American flag which a month ago flew of the rights of self-determination for the the American Hungarian Federation recog­ over the Capitol in Washington yesterday peoples of Estonia, Lativa, and Lithuania, nizes the legitimate interest of student bodies fluttered from a building in Manica Road, and and faculties in promoting social progress salisbury, to mark the opening of the Amer­ (b) to bring the force of world opinion to and academic reform and involvement into ican-Southern Africa Council's Rhodesian bear on behalf of the restoration of these the political process. It emphasizes, however, office. rights to the Baltic peoples. that such goals are in reality defeated by The Right-wing Washington-based Council violence, lowering the quality of education has set up its Salisbury office to keep an by "open admissions" and adoption of ideol­ "American presence" here after the closure ogies alien and hostile to the laws and Con­ of the U.S. Consulate and to signify friend­ AMERICAN HUNGARIAN stitution of the United States and calls upon ship between the United States and Rhodesia. FEDERATION WARNS reform-minded youth to work within the A former Rhodesian Cabinet Minister, Lord established political processes and to respect Graham, was guest of honour a.t a. party after the laws and ordinances of local, State and the opening by an American lawyer, Dr. Rich­ HON. DONALD E. LUKENS Federal governments. ard van Buskirk, who has been in Rhodesia OF OHIO The American Hungarian Federation warns for the past month setting up the office. At 6:45 p.m. Dr. van Buskirk telephoned IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that alleged or utopian concern for social re­ form can and has been used a.s a.n etfective the Council's American headquarters to an­ Monday, June 15, 1970 smoke-screen for spreading Communist prop­ nounce the opening of the omce. aganda whether of Russian or Chinese va­ Hanging from the walls of the office are Mr. LUKENS. Mr. Speaker, many have riety and calls upon the Congress of the four pictures of the Rhodesian Priine Min­ deplored and condemned the violence United States to declare the Red Flag, the ister, Mr. Ian Smith-including one of Mr. and illegal protest that has erupted Viet Cong :flag, the black fiag of anarchism Smith and his Ministers signing Rhodesia's across many of our college campuses. One and the use of clenched fist greetings illegal Declaration of Independence in 1965--a.nd a patriotic group of Americans, the Ameri- and punishable as a. Federal offense. copy of a letter to President Nixon signed by June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19825

( 77 U.S. Congressmen protesting at the clo­ ring. Operated by Corsicans, it has been gang member had the misfortune to be ab­ sure of the U.S. Consulate. hardly scratched by police and narcotics sent from the heroin laboratory when nar­ { COMMITTEE agents' raids.) cotics agents smashed in. His body was found MARSEILLES, FRANCE.-As Chill night turned next day with six bullets in it. He had been 1. In an interview Dr. van Buskirk said the ! to dank dawn, the narcotics agents worked murdered by his fellow gangsters because I office would be run by a voluntary five-man their way through the French woods. they suspected him of having tipped off the I advisory committee of Rhodesians and would To ensure total surprise, they had left agents, and then evaded arrest. He was not, employ a full-time receptionist-secretary. their cars several miles away. in fact, the informant. The full composition of the local commit­ Now, through high-powered glasses, they When information is forthcoming from tee has not yet been decided but one mem­ had under observation the isolated villa within the ring it is usually from a gang ber is a. Salisbury businessman, Mr. Roy which was their target. member jealous over a stolen woman, or dis­ Boden who has been connected with the Inside the house they could see three men affected over some other affront, and bent American-southern Africa Council for the working amid all the paraphernalia of a on personal revenge. J)ast three years. chemical laboratory: gas burners, glass fiasks OPPORTUNITIES ABOUND Dr. van Buskirk said the Council had and tubes, suction pumps, scales, vials of budgeted for about $800 a month to run the chemicals. It is not difficuit to see why Marseille has office. The men wore white coats and rubber become the hub of the heroin-manufacturing "But we will and can expand that budget gloves. One thing more showed they were no industry. Even without the CorSican under­ if necessary," he said. ordinary chemists. Each of them wore a gas world community, it is a city renowned for Dr. van Buskirk who leaves Rhodesia at the mask. It was to protect them from the fumes its tough and bawdy waterfront dives where week-end, said his office had already dealt and effect of their product: heroin. any criminal transaction is eaSily arranged. with a number of inquiries ranging from For their highly profitable, but illegal ac­ It is a sprawling port, cluttered with miles travel and admission to American universi­ tivity, the heroin chemists had chosen their of gray derricks and cranes, which afford ties, to copyright on American publications. site well. Only 30 miles from the big French unlimited opportunity for smuggling. Ocean­ going ships of every kind, and !rom every TELEPHONE SERVICE seaport of Marseille, the village of Notre Dame des Anges is nevertheless off the country, load and unload here. In and out of "We also will run a 24-hour telephone serv­ the old harbor there are hundreds of motor ice so that any American--or anyone else­ beaten track. The villa the heroin chemists selected there was on a hill, reached by a cruisers, yachts, and fishing boats with a who is in any sort of difficulty here will be country road along which only one or two pattern of movement through coastal waters able to get in touch with someone who will cars traveled each day. impossible to track. help him." Even so, the heroin chemists were extra­ Under cover of darkness it is easy to take Pointing to the signatures of the Ameri­ cautious. Even now as the French and Amer­ delivery of a shipment of yellow morphine can Congressmen, Dr. van Buskirk added: ican agents positioned themselves, a rare car hidden abroad a ship just in from Turkey, "People will be able to see that what our passed by. Immediately the chemists stopped or to stash a parcel o! heroin abo&rd one Government does is not necessarily what our work. One came outside to check. Reassured, bound !or Mexico, Canada, or the United people want-the American people are solidly they continued. States. A gentle splash, as a waterproof with Rhodesia." bundle is dropped over a ship's side, or a As an example of "dishonest thinking, by POLICE RAIDS CURBED thud as a package is thrown from a dark the American State Department, Dr. van Carefully, the narcotics agents checked spot over the port fence, and the job is done. Buskirk said the Department had recently their time. (French law bars police raids on Marseille also is an easy delivery point advised two prospective tourists to Rhodesia a man's home between 9 o'clock at night and !or smugglers who move shipments or nar­ that in view of the "unsettled conditions" in 6 o'clock in the morning.) Then they rushed cotics overland from Turkey. It is linked the country they should not come as the the villa. to the road network which laces the French State Department could not guarantee their The three chemists caught now are serv­ Riviera. A truck or car carrying hidden mor­ safety. ing lengthy prison sentences. Their heroin phine merges easily with the traffic surging Arrangements for the Stars and Stripes was seized and is one batch which will never across southern France. now fiying in Salisbury to fly over the Capi­ be pumped into the veins of American ad­ An old World War II resistance center, tol were made by Lousiana Congressman Mr. dicts. Marseille is full of hiding places, criss­ John Rarick. This recent seizure is one of. the btighter crossed by drains and sewers. During the Asked if his Government disapproved of a chapters in the story of the war against the war, resistance fighters led allied agents U.S. tl.ag being flown in Salisbury, Dr. van international "junk," or narcotics, mer­ through this underground network and Buskirk said: "They do not approve of what chants. Another heroin laboratory was put whisked German prisoners and bodies away we are doing but we still have a considerable out of business about the same time. In this through it. Today these tunnels serve the amount of freedom." case, the illegal chemists were more junk merchants who use them to move nar­ brazen. They were working from a three­ cotics and the materials necessary to proc­ story house in the surburbs of Marseille ess heroin. itsel!. . For security, supplies are dispersed and RISKS GREATER BUT PROFITS Hidden behind high walls, this was a brought together only for the actual con­ FA'ITER house particularly diffi.cul t for surveillance. version. Once delivered in Marseille, mor­ But narcotics agents caught the heroin man­ phine is cached in one spot. The laborato.ry ufacturers in the act there, too. These chem­ is somewhere else. Acetic anhydride acid, HON. HOWARD W. ROBISON ists also are serving long prison terms. needed in substantial quantites to make OF NEW YORK Successful though these operations were, heroin, is stored elsewhere. Finished heroin they but scratched the surface of a highly is quickly moved out to yet another hiding IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES organized crime ring which makes Mar­ place. Monday, June 15, 1970 seille the center of the heroin-manufacturing Conversion o! morphine into heroin is industry. Eighty percent of the heroin used much more sophisticated than the rough­ Mr. ROBISON. Mr. Speaker, I am by addicts in the United States is produced and-ready process by which opium is turned placing in the RECORD the third in a in and around Marseille from morphine and into morphine. The heroin process demands series of articles concerning narcotics opium which originate in Turkey. chemical skills and is dangerous. which appeared in the Christian Science Controlling the ring are Corsican crimi­ The chemists risk addiction through nals of cunning and ruthlessness. Says one fumes and powdered heroin particles in the Monitor. This latest installment de­ crack American agent, grudgingly: scribes that stage of the illlicit heroin air. This is why they wear masks. Beyond "I guess they have to be rated the most this, a slip can cause fatal exploSion. traffic in which morphine is converted adept criminals in the world." to heroin, and the subsequent shipment But if the risks are high, so are the profits. INFORMATION IS THE KEY The Corsicans who run the business find of this refined drug to the United States. The Corsicans who mastermind this ugly little difficulty in acquiring chemists, either I commend this article to my col­ traffic in Marseille are tight-knit. Informa­ from their own ranks, or hired !rom outSide, leagues for their consideration: tion is the kept to successful antinarcotics to undertake the illicit operation. [From the Christian Science Monitor, operations, but from the Corsicans it is dif­ To elude detection, the heroin merchants June 5, 1970] ficult to acquire. A non-Corsican has little have developed many techniques. One clue MARSEILLE-HUB OF HEROIN INDUSTRY: RISKS hope of penetrating the organization. to the existence of a heroin laboratory is the GREATER BUT PROFITS FATTER For a Corsican to inform on his own gang vast amount of ele.ctric power it uses, far members there is little inducement, but more than would be normal in an ordinary (By John Hughes) great perU. The money narcotics agents of­ household. (Heroin chemists are extracautious peo­ fer in return for information is insignificant So the heroin chemists tap the main power ple-but they can afford to be in this compared with the money a gang member lines, stealing their electricity from the city. dirty, multimillion-dollar racket of convert­ makes from tra1Ilcking. And when a Corsi­ They are careful to pass a normal amount of ing morphine to the killer drug. Marseille, can 1s caught informing, gang retribution is electricity through the meter in their prem­ France, is the world's center for these men instant and final. ises. Police checking consumption thus find who are part of a highly organized crime In one of the raids mentioned earlier, one no unusual telltale usage. CXVI--125Q-Part 15 19826 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1970 WATER WASTE WATCHED Besides the Mafia, other buying rings have New York via the West Coast from Hong Kong ~ Another giveaway is water waste from the set up shop in southern France. They include included three former Australian police offi­ heroin laboratories. The chemists cannot Cubans, Puerto Ricans, and Negroes, and cers. Even a former "playmate" from Play­ ) dump it into city sewers for fear police wm "independent" buyers who run their own boy magazine is languishing in a Greek jail I detect, and trace, the large amount of acetic transit routes. When the Corsicans arrange for carrying narcotics. ) delivery of heroin in the United States, I anhydride acid in it. For every kilo of heroin SURVEILLANCE PURSUED \ produced, the chemists must use two kilos of rather than France, the price is much higher. Mafia narcotics-smuggling routes run via While transporting heroin, couriers are acid. Their usual disposal method is to run often under surveillance by other members it off, via long hoses, onto waste ground or, Canada and Mexico to the United States, and directly through American East Coast ports. of the underworld network. Tf a courier is in the case of a country villa, down the side "busted" (arrested), the junk merchants are of a hill or mountain. But there are many variations. Some air shipments are routed from France to the usually aware of it immediately. If the Police also try to keep an eye on unusually courier agrees to lead government agents to large purchases of acetic anhydride. But the Netherlands or Switzerland, then to the Caribbean, and into the States through his contact, by the time they get there the acid is bought for many legitimate purposes. trail is cold. It is used by fertilizer and plastic manufac­ Florida. Sometimes nax:cotics couriers stop off in the Republic of Ireland. An Irish air­ Aside from their own Sicilian dialect, turers. In the United States its sale is legal. Mafia junk merchants use a jargon almost Its purchase specifically for heroin manufac­ craft landing at Boston or New York tends to get more cursory examination than one incomprehensible to outsiders and eaves­ ture is difficult to trace. dropping narcotics agents. With money and organization and ruthless­ coming in from France. One heroin-smuggling ring used a Trans Says one Mafia member to another, in a ness on their side, the Corsicans are formi­ long-distance call from New York to Sicily: dable foes. In challenging them, the French World Airlines route from West Germany to Kansas City, Mo. The couriers carried their "I need a dozen white shirts. Tell Toto every­ pollee clearly face some genuine problems. thing's taken care of on the mountain." But in the view of many, the French Govern­ narcotics in ftight bags. Shortly before arrival in New York they hid their packages ln the Translated, that means: "Ship a dozen kilos ment's efforts to eliminate the Marsellle of heroin. Tell our Corsican supplier in Mar­ heroin business has tlll recently lacked ap­ aircraft's toilet. Then they went through New York customs confidently. seille that I've deposited the cash for them plication and serious effort. in the usual numbered Swiss b&nk account." The French narcotics bureau is under­ DOMESTIC FLIGHT TAKEN The American Mafia lean heavily on blood staffed and ill-equipped. For its whole opera­ After clearing customs and reboarding the ties in their native Sicily for logistical sup­ tion in southern France it has relied on 11 aircraft, they retrieved their heroin from the port in Europe. Thus some heroin shipments agents with three cars between them. Some toilet. From Kansas City they took a do­ are backtracked from France to Italy, and are deskbound. Manpower available for sur­ mestic fight back to New York, delivering then moved out to the United States. veillance and detection of narcotics traffick­ their wages with little risk. Experts say actual production of heroin ers has thus been negligible. In the French Their method was discovered when the in Italy now is rare. For helping stop Italian capital itself there have been hardly a dozen TWA ftight developed engine trouble on one production they give credit to former Amer­ narcotics agents at work. occasion in New York, and the company or­ ican Ambassador Clare Booth Luce. They Lately there have been indications that dered a plane ch&nge. The couriers panicked, also credit Italian authorities for cracking Paris is stirring on the narcotics problem. tried to get their heroin off the discarded air­ down on known Mafia members with sen­ In part this is due to unfavorable interna­ craft, and were caught red-handed by custom tences of "obligatory sojourn" in remote tional publicity about France•s role in heroin agents. areas. Under this system, a suspect is re­ production. In part it is due to sudden French Another smugeling route is from Europe moved from big-city contact and required to recognition that heroin addiction is not ex­ over the pole to the American West Coast, report daily at the police station in his area. clusively a foreign, and specifically American, then by domestic flight back to New York. Even so, the Mafiosi are wily, and the problem. Last year two French teen-agers There are 390 ports of entry in the United movement of narcotics in and out of Italy from middle-class famiUes died on the States. Through them pass 220 million travel­ continues. Riviera from overdoses of heroin. ers each year. Clearly, the smugglers' chances HONEYMOON IN SICILY BUREAU BOLSTERED of getting at least some of their merchandise In one case, an American of Sicilian origin With the resulting hullabaloo, and en­ through are good. The standard yardstick carried a large heroin consignment Tor his couragement from Washington, the French custom agents use is that they seize about family without ever knowing it. His father, have announced they will boost their anti­ one-tenth of the contraband funneling into a prominent New York Mafia member, sent narcotics effort. A new chief has taken over their country. him back to Sicily for his honeymoon. With the narcotics bureau in Marseille. New agents To move heroin into the United States, the the bridal couple went a handsome new are promised. junk merchants use scores of couriers who American car. Throughout the country some 350 narcotics carry packets taped to their legs, or concealed After a few days a relative in Sicily insisted specialists are supposed to have been as­ in special vests, bags, or false-bottomed suit­ on removing the car to get it washed and signed. But these "specialists" are regular cases. For the junk merchants it is a gamble, serviced. policemen who have been given short courses but one loaded with the odds in their favor. Overnight, Mafia members took the car in narcotics work. If, in the course of their They can afford to lose a large number of apart and fitted it with secret compartments duties, they run across a narcotics case, they couriers and still make vast profits out of full of heroin. Unknowing, the son shipped are better equipped to investigate it. They the shipments that get through. his car back to the States, passing unevent­ are not, however, narcotics experts in the OPERATORS PAY NO TAXES fully through custoxns. true sense, devoting their full time to nar­ Those that are lost are written off to oper­ A little later, his father asked to borrow cotics work. ating costs in a business in which the opera­ the car. The heroin was recovered by the The real question now is whether the tors pay no taxes anyway. Arrest of a courier American Mafia, the car returned, and the French are prepared to devote more than rarely imperils the big-time criminals behind innocent son took up his business unaware lip service to the elimination of the narcotics the traffic. Most couriers are given only the that for the price of a honeymoon in Sicily, traffic. At least six illicit heroin factories skimpiest information of the operation they the Mafia had imported a massive shipment are believed to be still in operation in the are involved in, and have Uttle to pass on to of heroin. vicinity of Marseille. Experts concede there custom and narcotics agents. Other bulk shipments come by diverse could be double that number. In one case, all eight couriers inv-lved in a routes. French and American agents broke Though Marsellle's Corsican underworld shipment of heroin were picked up by Ameri· one ring airfreighting heroin from Paris to runs the heroin racket, Corsicans are not can narcotics agents. None could pinpoint the New York hidden in electronic osc1lloscopes. basically in the business of transporting nar­ supplier or the addressee. Some heroin travels southward to Spain cotics to the United States. They prefer to from Marseille before being moved on to In another case a narcotics courier facing the United States. One big haul was made produce and sell. Principal buyer is the an Italian murder charge was desperate to American Mafia which also masterminds or­ in a shipment of canned fish imported from cooperate with narcotics agents in a bid to Spain by a Whitestone, N.Y., dealer. ganized smuggling of narcotics into the prevent his arraignment in an Italian court. United States. But he had no information of value. All he MAFIA "SCATTERS SHOT" UNITED STATES OFFICIAL COMMENTS could reveal was that he had been given the Earlier this year, American custom agents Says John T . Cusack, chief of the American narcotics to carry, in a room of Rome's Ex­ made the largest seizure of hashish in the antinarcotics network in Europe: "We're up celsior Hotel, by a man he had never seen history of the service at Boston's Logan Air­ against a hard-core, well-entrenched, afilu­ before and whose name he did not know. port. Inspectors found 600 pounds of hash­ ent, powerful criminal element." As couriers, the traffickers recruit seamen, ish in false bottoms of crates of musical Based in Paris as European regional di­ airline crew members (one Alitalia steward instruments from India This was a spot rector of the United States Bureau of Nar­ had direct links to the Mafiosi of Brooklyn), check, without any advance information cotics and Dangerous Drugs, Mr. Cusack is respectable-looking business executives, and from agents abroad. widely credited with having masterminded even diplomats. The latter are especially use­ Although the Mafia scatter their shot with the American role in persuading the Turkish ful. Their luggage is usually scrutiny free couriers on planes, cars are much favored Government to cut back on opium produp­ when it goes through customs. for smuggling narcotics. Thousands of them tion. One courier ring smuggling heroin into are brought in and out of the United States

. June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19827 each year. Though some are searched, the long ago violated by the VC/NVA as they I join with many of my colleagues in United States Is wooing foreign tourists, fought their guerrilla war. Their strategy was this memorial observance, not to mark and custom agents cannot tear every visitor's merely what Mao Tse Tung advocated, "The that event really, but to recognize a 30- car apart. people are the sea and revolutionaries are The advantage to the Mafia is that a car the fish that swim in the sea."' Thus bound­ year struggle for independence by the can tra:::lS.port a much larger heroin ship­ aries meant nothing to the enemy as they Baltic peoples. ment than can be concealed by a courier. were free to choose supply routes and lines Some 30,000 Lithuanian freedom fight­ One Volkswagen 1300 carried 54 kilos o! of communications. We were frustrated by ers have died during constant skirmishes heroin concealed in its door panels and in an imaginary line dividing swampy rice pad­ with the Russians that lasted until1952. special compartments under its seats-in dies where no natural geographical, physical, A long and valiant effort to regain their other words, a shipment about the size ot cultural, lingual, or religious boundaries freedom was waged despite mass de­ a small man. existed. Even with the Geneva Accords of portation of the Baltic peoples to Siberia. If agents seize an auto shipment, the loss 1954, Southeast Asia is still Southeast Asia, to the Mafia is much greater than loss of no nation is secure enough to call itself Laos, These people have paid a heavy price a two or three-kilo packet strapped to a Cambodia, or Viet·nam. for their refusal to submit to Russian­ courier's leg But the Mafia can afford to lose Having previously operated in VIet·nam Communist domination. Since June 15, several carloads and still make money on within easy morter range of Cambodia, I was 1940, these three nations have lost more the one that gets through. obviously very happy to participate in the than one-fourth of their entire popula­ From one French Citroen, agents extracted sweep to destroy the VC/NVA outposts, arms tion. 112 kilos o! heroin. That was a major haul. caches, and stagging areas. We will be with­ Resistance continues. It is no longer But the same car had successfully carried drawing our forces soon, having accomplished heroin shipments for five previous years. a crucial blow to the enemies' morale and the armed warfare that ended in 1952, With bigger shipments, the risks are supplies which will enable the South Viet­ but it is a resistance borne by pride and greater, but the profits are fatter. Such are namese to take over their part of the war love of country. the odds that keep the junk fiowing out much more easily and safely. Sitting Ducks As Americans. we can understand their of Marseille. only belong in carnivals. Even though some love of freedom. We salute their valiant feel this confiict is a real side-show, I'm over resistance and join with them in observ­ here and I don't like being handicapped by ance of this tragic date. REMARKS FROM A SERVICEMAN IN idealistic fantasies. CAMBODIA Enough of the rationalities behind the of­ The United States has refused to rec­ fensive, what bugs me is how the students ognize the Soviet-controlled government and many others have swallowed the news of the Baltic States and maintains dip­ HON. GLENN R. DAVIS reports and exaggeration by the press. By lomatic relations with the former free O:J' WISCONSIN hyperbollsms and capitalizing upon the mis­ governments of Lithuania, Latvia, and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fortunes of others, they report their opinions Estonia now exiled from their homeland. and sell stories. I've been photographed land­ These people have never given up hope Monday, June 15, 1970 ing marines, transporting refugees, and in­ of some day seeing their nations freed. Mr. DAVIS of Wisconsin. Mr. Speaker, terviewed by CBS and NBC who called us warmongers. Their negative ati-!tudes left The recognition given to this anniver­ in these days when it seems as if so many me very cold. Perhaps the silent majority has sary is part of their fight in a warfare of efforts are being made to belittle and something over the protesters, for as Abra­ conscience. History has shown that stigmatize the efforts of those who are ham Lincoln wrote, "It is better to remain where the memory survives, freedom al­ keeping our country strong and free. it silent and be thought a fool than to open ways triumphs over repression of the is heartening to receive a letter, sub­ one's mouth and remove all doubt." state. mitted here for the CONGRESSIONAL REC­ It all comes down to the point that wis­ Freedom is alive in the minds and ORD, expressing that fiber on which gen­ dom must be acquired through experience. Forma! education is a good start, but leaves hearts of the Baltic people. We join in erations of Americans have united as one with too idealistic an approach to life. this observance today with the fervent instruments for the right, with the cour­ This education has to be nourished by expe­ hope that one day their homeland will age and insight in the knowledge that rience to remove the overtones left by theory be free as well. freedom and peace cannot be attained and to restore the proper perspective of com­ by merely wishing for it. mon sense and the gross bare facts of life. The author of this letter, a Naval This brings me to the other harsh reality Academy graduate, is convinced that the o'f this war, the innocent suffering of the DR. FRANK LOWE OF SAN DIEGO, civilians. I'll never forget the fear and hun­ Cambodian effort is the right step for ger in the eyes of the children. Oh, the many CALIF. stability, self-determination and peace, things we take for granted! The very simple and significant in its implications for basic necessities of life took on the dimen· all areas of the world threatened by sions of being the most precious commodi­ HON. BOB WILSON aggression. He believes, as history has ties on earth for these refugees. OF CALIFORNIA shown us, that sometimes a man must We're not over here fighting for ideals, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES stand with his neighbor to help his we're fighting for these people's lives. How Monday, June 15, 1970 neighbor protect his home, lest he, at wrong our initial commitment might have the end, stand alone in protecting his been, we can't leave these people alone to Mr. BOB WTI..SON. Mr. Speaker, my own home; a fundamental rule of self­ suffer at the hands of a nation where human close personal friend and longtime San life has no value. Once these people can de­ Diegan, Dr. Frank Lowe, has excellent protection applicable to nations as well fend themselves, I'll be more than happy to as individuals. credentials in the field of education and call my job completed. young people. Dr. Lowe has served for The letter follows: Peace, pull out now, I 'll pack up as soon as MAY 22, 1970. I can to return to my beautiful family and many years on. the San Diego Board of DEAR MoM AND DAD: President Nixon cer­ joys of living in America. However, I've got a Education and has been very active in tainly didn't waste any time pulling me out job here and I can't advocate a hasty retreat. the "Laurels for Leaders" program of Viet-nam. I'd barely gotten settled into If this makes sense to you, why not pass which honors outstanding high school the routine of patroling canals on Barrier along this inside view. If not, drop me a line students each year on Lincoln's Birth­ Reef that I was sent with ten boats up the and perhaps I'll defect. Peace day. I know my House colleagues will Mekong into Ca.m.bodia. We were a very small find his observations on the background part of the Vietnamese contingent, but of youth unrest and dissent of particu­ played a very interesting role in the opera­ lar interest: tion. I've just returned from spending two A 30-YEAR FIGHT FOR FREEDOM weeks afioat off Neak Luong, the ferry land­ TRAVAILS TRACED TO EARLIER ERA ing, and have come to realize once again the EDITOR. This current orgy of protest, even sharp contrasts evident in this war. HON. DANIEL E. BUTTON the so·called "peaceful" kind, seems to be The two mLst dominant impressions were OF NEW YORK made up of those too excited and irrespon­ left by the newsmen and the refugees. Actual sible to stop long enough to face facts and encounters With the enemy were very light IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to debate differences. This only adds to the and we had secured the area rather easily. Monday, June 15, 1970 general frustration. To make themselves ef­ What astounded me was how the news media :rectively heard, these youthful agitators blew up our offensive. Mr. BUTTON. Mr. Speaker, today is must make themselves listen to reason and What they termed a gross extension of the the rather tragic 30th anniversary of the reality. war was actually a very simple, long·overdue Russian occupation of the Baltic States Actually, the total number involved in short cut to ending the confiict. Ideals were of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. these disturbances, gravely serious though \ 19828 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1970 l ) they be, is probably only a. small fra..otion of prayer can be leg·al in the halls of Congress the forum of the free world where the \ that age group. Besides, the truth is that it and out of place in the halls of learning. Soviets may be judged and held account­ is not their elders so much as it is these Speaking of the word "establishment"-as misguided youngsters themselves, who have a noun-it has suddenly become very popu­ able. lost contact, spurning the "due process of lar as referring to those who have authority. Mr. Speaker, I join with my colleagues law" which is our priceless Amerioan herit­ It seems to invite dissent. By it, "We, the Peo­ in the House today in paying tribute to age. ple" seem to be split into two camps. Much the gallant men and women of Lithuania, After all, however, these disturbers of our better, the time-honored "Government, of, Latvia, and Estonia on this 30th anniver­ peace are not entirely to blame. They are by and for the People," which symbolizes the sary of their enslavement. victims of influences byond them. The dis­ national unity. respect of the campus today had its begin­ Topping all this unintentional attack upon Mr. Speaker, I include pertinent ma­ ning in some classrooms a generation ago the morale of our precious young is their terial as follows: by a few over-sophisticated professors whose own version of the reason for their rebellion: [From the Chicago Latvian Community strange disrespect for patriotism unfortu­ disillusionment with the status quo, and Center] nately took root only too well. the hypocrisy of grownups about them who LATVIA But this was only the beginning. In the fail to practice what they profess. It is a grave (By Viktors Viksnins, President) meantime, incessantly gnawing at our vitals charge and, surely, many times a true .in­ has been communism. Matching this con­ dictment. ENDURE-1940-1970-HOW LONG? stant peril has been the sad breakdown in What a paradox! Through our preoccupa­ The deadly comb ran back and forth, and the unity of many families. tion with science, our "mechanics" has back again, through Estonia, Latvia, and It is the home which is the God-given sos.red to the moon; but through our neglect Lithuania. There were no doubts however bridge between the generations. Also vital of our "humanics," we have sunk to the mob. where the right lay. The Baltic States should in our birth and growth and stability has What shall it profit a nation if it gain the be sovereign independent peoples ... Win­ been religion; but now even prayer seems world and lose its own soul? ston S. Churchill. to have been declared unlawful in our Let's hope that through this horrible or­ TO REMAIN FmM UNDER schools. And "permissiveness" has been al­ deal may come repentence and renewal to us all, and with them the realization that The evidence is overwhelming and conclu­ lowed to corrode discipline and personal re­ sive that Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania were strain. freedom is not freedom from personal re­ No wonder that some of our youth are sponsibility, that liberty is never license but forcibly occupied and illegally annexed by is always limited-and preserved-by justice. the U.S.S.R. Any claims by the U.S.S.R. that confused and bafHed, and in their need seek the elections conducted in July, 1940 were more sincerity and moral strength and a free and voluntary or that the resolutions better example from their elders. adopted by the resulting parliament petition­ Out of the ordeal of these days, may we all ing for recognition as Soviet republics were rededicate ourselves. THE 30TH ANNIVERSARY OF SLAV­ legal are false and without foundation in God mend our every fiaw; confirm our ERY FOR BALTIC STATES fact." (Report of the Select committee to soul in self-control, our liberty in law. Investigate Communist Aggression and the Forced Incorporation of the Baltic states into [From the San Diego Union, May 26, 1970] HON. ROMAN C. PUCINSKI the U.S.S.R.... (House of Representatives PERTINENT AND PERCEPTIVE OF ILLINOIS 1954). • That Washington Peace Demonstration the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES TO BEAR WITH PATIENCE-SOVIET OCCUPATION other day demonstrated also something else: we face an epidemic of hysteria, and it is Monday, June 15, 1970 In the spring of 1940, after the fall of impossible to join issues with mob psychol­ France, Stalin, afraid of further German Con­ ogy. For example, that mass of bewildered Mr. PUCINSKI. Mr. Speaker, today quests, decided that the time was ripe to young people missed entirely a presidential marks the 30th anniversary of the forci­ throw off any pretense of defending the ble invasion and enslavement of the Baltic countries against foreign invasion. It news conference which they very much was the hour for outright aggression. On needed to hear. Baltic States of Latvia, Lithuania, and At the Lincoln Memorial, the President, in June 14, Soviet Foreign Minister Molotov pre­ Estonia. sented Lithuania with an ultimatum de­ person and at unwarranted risk, had a meet­ The Soviet terror which began on June manding unopposed admission of unli~i ted ing with youth-but not a meeting of minds. 15, 1940 continues to this day. Since 1940 Soviet armed forces and establishment of a Yet this grave national situation calls for these three small nations have lost more intelligent, sympathetic understanding, based new government "Friendly" to the Soviet on two-way communication. All protest, than a fourth of their entire population. Union. Next day the Red army invaded Lithu­ therefore, should be not only peaceful but Despite calculated terrorism and re­ ania by force. On June 16, similar demands pression, the people of Latvia, Lithuania, were made of Latvia and Estonia, and both reasonable and realistic. countries were occupied on June 17. The It is not their elders so much as it is the and Estonia have waged a compelling youth, or that fragment of our total youth struggle for their liberty. During the pe­ events which followed were identical in all involved, who have lost contact. They have three Baltic states. Although the entire pro­ riod between 1950 and 1952, 30,000 Lith­ cedure actually and legally violated the basic deliberately turned their backs on those uanian freedom ·fighters lost their lives priceless values which have made our nation laws then existing in the Baltic countries, the great and unique. In all this, however, these in an organized resistence movement Moscow Supreme Soviet hastily "admitted" temporarily misguided youngsters are not against the Soviet invaders. Even though Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia into the Soviet themselves most to blame. armed guerrilla warfare stopped in 1952, Union on August 3-6, 1940. The chief guilt for this present dilemma Baltic resistance strengthened under the TO SUFFER lies elsewhere. They are the unfortunate guise of "passive resistance." The rape of the Baltic republics by the product of forces at work long before their Our Government here in the United Kremlin was recognized by the Axis powers time. This lawless rebellion on the campus States has consistently refused to recog­ and a few neutrals. Most of the free western began a generation ago in a strange new nize the legitimacy of the Soviet take­ democracies, however, followed the lead of teaching in the classroom. the United States, which, on July 23, 1940, The forebear of the angry protestor was over of these small states and to this day we maintain diplomatic relations with issued a declaration by Sumner Welles, Under then that overzealous debunker, the college Secretary of State, declining recognition. teacher who considered it smart to deface the former free governments of the our revered national heroes, to bypass the Baltic countries. TO TOLERATE Oath of Allegiance, to refashion our history There can be no real freedom, any­ Wherever the Soviet regiine enters as in­ and to sneer at patriotism. where in the world, until all men are free vader or unwelcome guest, it inevitably intro­ At the elbow of the bebunker was the ever­ to determine their own destinies. Gov­ duces an "agrarian reform" as a stepping present and cunning Communist agent, then stone to ultimate collectivization. as now moving underground to weaken this ernment by repression may win the ini­ tial skirmish through sheer force of TO PUT UP WITH Republic. The first year of Soviet occupation will al­ Worst of all has been the decline in family arms. But the conscience of a great peo­ ple will never be captivated or controlled ways be remembered in Latvia's history as a solidarity. Its God-given mission seems to be year of horror because of the constant Red to bridge this dangerous age-gap in the place through force. The Soviet Union knows terror and the first mass deportation, which where it can best be prevented from starting: this. The free world knows this. And the was carried out by the Moscow regime shortly the home. people of the Baltic States know it. before the German invasion in June, 1941. No wonder there is youthful confusion. We in this great Congress pay tribute Even before then, thousands of Latvian And this is not all. Even the Supreme Court has taken a hand by its use of the word to the abiding strength of spirit which patriots, army officers and state officials, in­ "establishment" as verb instead of noun, nurtures the people of the Baltic States cluding President Ulmanis and members of as undoubtedly intended by the Founding in this dark year. We pledge ourselves to his Cs.binet, had been arrested and deported Fathers. Thus they raise the enigma of how help bring their plight and torment to to Russia. June 1.5, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19829

TO SUSTAIN Since the very beginning of Soviet Russian Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia. All freedom­ On June 14, however, 15,000 Latvian citi· occupation, however, the Baits have waged loving Americans should urge the Presiden~ zens ••• men, women, and children • • • an intensive fight for freedom. During the of the United States to implement this legis­ were rounded up at night by the secret period between 1940 and 1952 alone, some lation by bringing the issue of the liberation police and loaded into cattle trucks for de­ 30,000 Lithuanian freedom fighters lost their of the Baltic States to the United Nations. portation to slave labor in northeast Russia lives in an organized resistance movement We should have a single standard for free­ and Siberia. Altogether, 34,000 Latvians were against the invaders. The cessation of armed dom. Its dernal in whole or in part, any arrested, deported or killed during that yea.r guerrilla warfare in 1952 did not spell the place in the world, including the Soviet of Soviet occupation. The same fate befell end of the Baltic resistance against Soviet Union is surely intolerable. Estonians and Lithuan.rians. domination. On the contrary, resistance by passive means gained a new impetus. TO CONTINUE The Government of the United States of The rising crescendo of misery is voiced America has refused to recognize the seiz­ THINGS NEVER SO BAD IN AMER­ by writers and intellectuals who beg us to ure and forced "incorporation" of Lithuania, ICA? TAKE A LOOK AT HISTORY heed their words. Latvia and Estonia by the Communists in­ to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. BOOKS TO LAST Our Government maintains diplomatic rela­ "All of us • • • must be faithful to our tions with the former free Governments of conviction that peace in Europe can never the Baltic States. Since June of 1940, when HON. JIM WRIGHT be complete until everywhere in Europe men the Soviet Union took over Lithuania, Lat­ OF TEXAS can choose, in peace and freedom, bow their via and Estonia, all of the Presidents of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES countries shall be governed" •.• John F. the United States (Franklin D. Roosevelt, Kennedy. The Chicago Latvian Community Harry S. Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Monday, June 15, 1970 Center, is commemorating the anniversary of John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, and Mr. WRIGHT. Mr. Speaker, it would the Soviet occupation of the Latvian State, Richard M. Nixon) have stated, restated and be a tragic mistake to try to hide our suffering under the Communist yoke of op­ confirmed our country's nonrecognition pol­ pression. In honoring the memory of de­ icy of the occupation of the Baltic States heads like ostriches and pretend that our parted, and ·imprisoned patriots, we have de­ by the Kremlin dictators. However, our coun­ country does not face grave problems. signed a "Seal" to be displayed on all of the try has done very little, if anything, to Yet, it also would be unwise to fail to correspondence in use •.. as a reminder that help the suffering Baltic peoples to get rid see our present difliculties in historical people are still suffering under Communism. of the Communist regimes in their coun­ perspective. For the plain truth is that tries. crisis is no stranger to America. RED TERROR IN LITHUANIA, LATVIA AND ESTONIA The case of the Baltic States is not a ques­ We hear on every hand that America (Enslavement of the Baltic States by the tion wbout the rights of self-rule of Lith­ is a troubled land. Nightly in mournful Soviets for thirty years) uania, Latvia and Estonia, since this is es­ tablished beyond any reasonable doubt, but dirge the newscasts catalogue our dif­ The Kremlin is fond of saying that Russian the question is how to stop the Soviet crime ficulties. imperialism died with the czar. But the fate and restore the freedom and independence Tormented by the war in Vietnam, ap­ of the Baltic nations-Lithuania, Latvia and of these countries. The Select Committee prehensive about increasing crime, wor­ Estonia-shows this to be a cruel fiction. The of the House of Representatives to Investi­ Oommunist regime did not come to power ried about racial violence, high prices gate the Incorporation of the Baltic States and the plunging stock market, some in the Baltic States by legal or democratic into the U.S.S.R., created by the 83rd Con­ process. The Soviet Union took over Lith­ gress, after having held 50 public hearings Americans have approached the point uania, Latvia and Estonia by force of arms. during which the testimony of 335 persons of despair. The Soviets invaded and occupied the Baltic was taken, made a number of recommenda­ A few days ago, an old friend said in States in June of 1940, and the Baltic peoples tions to our Government pertaining to the a voice that conveyed utter hopelessness, have been su1fering in Russian-Communist whole question of liberation of the Baltic "Jim, things have never been as bad as slavery for 30 years. States. According to the findings of this they are now." The Baits are proud peoples who have House committee, "no nation, including the lived peacefully on the shores of the Baltic "America should hang its head in Russian Federated Soviet Republic, has ever shame," he said. "Lawlessness and vio­ from time immemorial. For instance, this voluntarily adopted communism." All of year marks the 719th anniversary of the them were enslaved by the use of infiltra­ lence are at an all-time high; nobody re­ formation of the Lithuanian state when tion, subversion, and force. spects the law; nobody supports the Mindaugas the Great unified all Lithuanian The American foreign policy toward the country. We just seem to be falling apart principalities into one kingdom in 1251. Communist enslaved nations, the aforesaid at the seams." The Lithuanians, Latvians and Estonians House committee stated, must be guided by Another friend recently echoed the have suffered for centuries from the "acci­ "the moral and political principles of the same theme. He shook his head sadly and dent of geography." From the West they were American Declaration of Independence." The somberly decried the loss of what he invaded by the Teutonic Knights, from the present generation of Americans, this com­ called ''old-fashioned patriotism." He East by the Russians. It took remarkable mittee suggested, should recognize that the spiritual and ethnic strength to survive the bonds which many Americans have with en­ said there had never been a time when pressures from both sides. The Baits, it slaved lands of their ancestry are a great Americans had failed so miserably to up­ should be kept in mind, are ethnically re­ asset to the struggle against communism and hold their country as they have in the lated neither to the Germans nor the Rus­ that, furthermore, the Communist danger Vietman war. sians. should be abolished during the present gen­ Historically, for whatever it is worth, After the Nazis and Soviets smashed eration. The only hope of avoiding a new both are mistaken. Poland in September of 1939, the Kremlin world war, according to this committee, is a From our vantage point of 1970, the moved troops into the Baltic republics and "bold, positive political offensive by the annexed them in June of 1940. In one of United States and the entire free world." The War of 1812 in retrospect takes on a rosy history's greatest frauds, "elections" were committee included a declaration of the U.S. glow of patriotism. It was, after all, the held under Red army guns. The Kremlin Congress which states that the eventual lib­ conflict that gave us our National An­ then claimed that Lithuania, Latvia and eration and self-determination of nations them and established the United States Estonia voted for inclusion in the Soviet are "firm and unchanging parts of our as one of the great powers of the world. empire. policy." But the War of 1812 was not all that Then began one of the most brutal occu­ At a t-ime when the Western powers have popular-in 1812. pations of all time. Hundreds of thousands granted freedom and independence to many of Balts were dragged off to trains and nations in Africa, Asia and other parts of the The British not only captured Wash­ jammed into cars without food or water. world, we must insist that the CoiD.plunist ington but literally burned both the Many died from suffocation. The pitiful sur­ colonial empire likewise extends freedom and Capitol and the White House. The Presi­ vivors were dumped out in the .Axctic or independence to the peoples of Lithuania, dent and other high Government officials Siberia. The Baltic peoples have never ex­ Latvia and Estonia whose lands have been fled for their lives. perienced such an extermination and an­ unjustly occupied and whose rightful place Today, some young people have taken nihilation of their people in their long his­ among the nations of the world is being tory through centuries as during the last denied. Today and not tomorrow is the time up the chant, "Hell no, we won't go." three decades. Since June 15, 1940, these to brand the Kremlin dictators as the largeSit In the War of 1812 the Government for­ three nations have lost more than one fourth colonial empire in the world. By timidity, mally called up the militia of 95,000 men of their entire population. The genocidal we invite further Communist aggression. and only 7,000 responded. Can you imag­ operations and practices being carried out Recently the U.S. Congress has made a ine calling up the National Guard to­ by the Soviets continue with no end in right step in the right direction by adopting day and having only one man out of sight. H. Con. Res. 416 that calls for freedom for every 12 show up for duty? 19830 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1970 The Massachusetts Legislature, re­ lash with attendant repressions of civil The 1970's, is launched in a sea of cently in the news for oflicially challeng­ liberties. As serious as this concern may troubles, are pregnant with unprece­ ing the Vietnam war, did the same thing be, there have been times in our history dented possibilities. One gains the feeling in the War of 1812. It even went so far when conditions were much worse. that we are in the process of ending an as to pass a measure urging creation of The year was 1877. Dr. Joseph A. epoch of history and beginning a new a peace party and formally declaring, Dacus, on the editorial staff of the St. one. "Let there be no volunteers" for milita!'1 Louis Republican, reported it this way: Before us is a vast panorama of un­ service. The tendency to complete anarchy has be­ filled hopes and new dreams-a new The Governors of Massachusetts, come so manifest that the Government at age struggling to be iJom. The diflicul­ Rhode Islan-d, and Connecticut :flatly re­ Washington is beginning to look at it in the ties of the present, like those of our event­ fused to call the State militia into Fed­ light of an insurrection of a most formidable ful past, can be surmounted if we but eral service. New England merchants re­ character-more dangerous indeed than would be a revolt of State governments.... keep our perspective--and above all, keep fused to buy war bonds. Robert Smith, a At a meeting of the Cabinet on the 25th, faith in ourselves, in our system of so­ former Secretary of State, issued a pub­ it was formally decided to treat the riotous ciety, and in our capacity to shape the lic statement condemning the war. demonstrations all over the country as an future. Or consider another con:fiict--the Mex­ insurrection, and to suppress n. History, of course, should not be read ican War, in 1846. Again we hear the selectively, nor distorted to prove an echo of an anguished cry from-as you The cause of this concern was a labor obscure point. It should be read as the might guess-the Legislature of Massa­ strike of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. continuing story of man's growing en­ chusetts. By formal declaration that On the 23d of July 1877, Gen. Frank lightenment, sometimes painfully slow august body condemned the Mexican Reeder of the Pennsylvania National but sometimes dramatic. And of his in­ War as a war against free states, un­ Guard was sent with two regiments to evitable triumph, in succeeding ages and constitutional and unsupportable by the little railroad town of Reading, Pa. succeeding stages, over the problems of honest men. Without one word of warning and with­ his society. Henry Thoreau protested the Mexican out orders, the nervous militiamen fired Seen in this perspective, our American War and went to jail for refusing to pay upon an assembled crowd in the very civilization emerges in bold and thrilling his taxes. After Thoreau's aunt paid his heart of the city, killing 13 people and colors. Imperfect though our society is, tax, Thoreau went back to his cabin at severely wounding 27 others. so are all others-and ours is demonstra­ Walden Pond and wrote an essay on civil Lamentable though it is to confess, bly less imperfect that most. Man's vir­ disobedience. Does any of this have a there have been dark moments in our tue----and he does have some--lies in familiar ring? history when human liberties truly were building not in destroying. In June of 1863, during the Civil War, suppressed. Following World War I, At­ Our strength, as always, lies not in Gen. Robert E. Lee was moving an army torney General A. Mitchell Palmer, fear but in faith, not in despair but in ominously northward toward Washing­ thirsting for the Presidency, sought per­ hope, not in hate but in love. ton. It appeared to many of Lincoln's sonal fame and power by capitalizing on generals that the Confederates would public uneasiness over the Bolsheviks and capture the Capital. The city at that time the Reds. was virtually unguarded by Union forces. For .5 months, the Attorney General AMERICANS OF MEXICAN DESCENT About the only military unit on hand instituted lawless raids on homes and the PETITION AGAINST INDOCHINA to protect the city was the 27th Maine headquarters of labor unions. On s. single WAR Infantry Regiment. Its members had night in January 1920, his agents arrest­ been conscripted for 9 months, and their ed more than 4,000 people in 33 cities enlistments were about to expire. In­ claiming them to be Communists. The HON. JOHN E. MOSS credible as it may seem to us today, these great majority of them were innocent. OF CALIFORNIA men merely shrugged their shoulders to In Detroit alone, 300 Americans were IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Lee's threatening advance and began arrested on false charges, held in jail Monday, June 15, 1970 packing their things to return home. for a week, denied food for 24 hours, only They would have gone, too, except for later to be freed as completely innocent. Mr. MOSS. Mr. Speaker, approxi­ one thing. Whiie crime and the erosion or re­ mately 600 Americans of Mexican de-· In wild desperation, the Adjutant Gen­ spect for law and order may be the sub­ scent in my congressional district have eral of the Army agreed to award the jects of increased attention today, the sent a petition to me expressing their Congressional Medal of Honor to every problem is not new. There have been opposition to the war in Indochina. man who would agree to stay. Only by times when it was much worse. The signers of the petition are parish­ Consider the 1920's. Never has there ioners of Iglesia de Nuestra Senora de this incredible bribe were 312 oflicers and Guadalupe, whose pastor is the Reverend men induced to remain and defend the been such wholesale contempt for law Capital of their country. and such a fantastic breeding grounds Keith B. Kenny. Rev. Kenny is con­ Less than a year before the end of that for crime of all sorts. vinced that the opinion of his parishion­ war, Lincoln was constantly bombarded In just 10 years, the Federal Govern­ ers represent the views of most Mexican­ by Senators criticizing his conduct of the ment alone arrested more than half a Americans. operation, gloomily forecasting that vic­ million Americans. Of them 300,000 As a Congressman who is proud to rep­ tory was impossible, and demanding that were convicted-mostly of crimes grow­ resent a large population of Americans of Lincoln sue for peace. ing out of the prohibition period. Mexican descent, I am inserting the text But not all criminals were convicted, of the petition because it definitely ca.r­ During the Spanish-American War, ries a message for all to read: certain Members of Congress loudly de­ even then. In one of the most notorious incidents in criminal annals-the St. We, the Council, the Priests, and the Pa­ nounced our intervention, declaring that Valentine's Day Massacre in ChicagO-­ rishioners of the Church of Our Lady of Gua­ it was no concern of ours and that we not a single person was ever punished. In dalupe, the Catholic Mexican church of were meddling in the affairs of another 4 years there were 215 unsolved murders Sacramento, California, affirm that we are country. opposed to the invasion of Cambodia by the in that city. armed forces of the United States, that we And lest we forget, World Wars I and II We have known grief and anguish and were not unmarred by protest. One of the are opposed to the assistance given by the frustration and fear, disappointment, United States to the South Vietnamese in­ protest songs of World War I was sung dismay, disgust, and disillusionment. No vasion of Laos, and tha-t we are opposed to to these lyrics. doubt we will know them again. the continuance of the war in Vietnam. This There would be no wa.r today, if mothers all This l'ecital of dark days of America's war has already been too costly in human would say, I didn't raise my boy to be a. past is not intended to minimize our lives-the lives of our sons of Mexican de­ soldier. scent and of so many of the young people of present problem no:.: to exonerate our this nation and of so very many lives of the Many thoughtful Americans are trou­ generation from the responsibility of Vietnamese of both South and North. We bled today by the wave of lawlessness solving the problems that confront us. demand this war be terminated in 1970 and which sweeps our land-and an appre­ Its purpose is to help us see ourselves we promise to work for and vote for only hension that it may invite a violent back- in clearer perspective. those candidates that oppose the war. June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19831 POSTAL WORKERS postal workers their due in hope of ex­ inconclusively for a month last spring, this tracting support for other legislative pro­ time there was an extra factor that made the renewed talks successful. In November, ( posals-as if a man's right to fair wages HON. ALLARD K. LOWENSTEIN in the Federal employ is dependent on at the request of both growers and union \ OF NEW YORK supporters, a group of five Roman Catholic I how he, or rather someone else, resolves bishops, headed by the Most Rev. Joseph IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES other issues. Donnelly of Hartford, Conn., intervened to Tuesday, June 9, 1970 appraise the issues. The prelates then took an active part in the discussions. That, said Mr. LOWENSTEIN. Mr. Speaker, we UFWOC Lawyer Jerome Cohen, "created an now find ourselves in the middle of the BUY UNION GRAPES atmosphere for conciliation." The union has third month since the Nation's postal yet to reach agreement with other Coachella workers went out on strike. We are growers or with any producers in the San headed again into what by now must be HON. PHILLIP BURTON Joaquin Valley, the state's principal table­ considered about as predictable a crisis OF CALIFORNIA grape region, but Donnelly said that he and as a crisis can be. I do not believe there IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES his fellow bishops were "confident that this breakthrough will serve as a pattern for is anyone left who has studied the merits Monday, June 15, 1970 others." of this situation who does not know Until that .happens, the strike will go on what we ought to do. Yet nothing hap­ Mr. BURTON of California. Mr. and the UFWOC will continue to push its pens. That is, nothing happens except Speaker, for far too long, those of us boycott of all table grapes--except those that the postal employees continue sort­ who are concerned about those who work bearing the union label of a stylized black ing, carrying, and delivering the mail in fields and on the farms of the Nation, eagle against a red background. Said Wil­ and the richest Nation in the world con­ urged all who shared the concern to join liam Kircher, national organization direc­ tinues to fail to give them enough money with us and boycott grapes. for the A.FL.-C.I.O.: "We are going to expect "Boycott grapes'' became the rallying every fair-minded citizen to have an awfully to live decently, let alone to compensate good appetite for grapes with this kind of them in a way that would be fair for the cry for those who sought social justice label, and an awfully bad appetite for the work they do or comparable to the pay and who still seek to extend to farm­ other kind." they could get elsewhere for performing workers the legal rights and protections that same work. enjoyed by those who work in other in­ [From the Los Angeles Times, Apr. 2, 1970] Now-finally, at last-there are signs dustry. Two COACHELLA VALLEY TABLE GRAPE GROWERS that we are moving to consider what to I am happy to be able to note a break­ SIGN UNION CONTRACTS-CATHOLIC BISHOPS do about these injustices. through in the long and arduous nego­ COMMITTEE INSTRUMENTAL IN ACHIEVING The delays since early April-not to tiation between the growers and the FIRST "MAJOR BREAKTHROUGH" IN PRo­ mention the delays for years that pre­ United Farm Workers organizing com­ LONGED STRIKE-BOYCOTT ceded early April-have been inexplica­ mittee. Beginnings have been made and (By Harry Bernstein) ble and inexcusable. Postal workers rec­ we need no longer simply boycott grapes. The substantial influence of the American ognize this and understand who is to We can now urge all concerned citizens hierarchy of the Catholic Church was instru­ to buy union grapes. mental Wednesday in bringing about what blame. If they must once again take their church leaders called a major breakthrough case to the people--as some groups in I am placing in the RECORD articles in the prolonged table grape strike-boycott. New York have decided to do by strik­ from Time magazine and the Los Angeles It was the first time that the nation's ing again if Congress does not keep its Times noting the first union contracts church hierarchy has ever intervened so di­ word soon-blame rests not with those signed in the table grape industry and rectly in a labor dispute, and Bishop Joseph who have kept the mail moving despite the role of Catholic Bishop's Committee F. Donnelly, of Hartford, Conn., and four pauper's wages, but rr..ther with those in this major breakthrough. The articles bishops working with him are "confident who have voiced, and then not fulfilled, follow: that this breakthrough will serve as a pat­ (From Time magazine, Apr. 13, 1970] tern for others ..." an apparently endless chain of prom­ The church leaders themselves took part ises. CONTRACTS IN THE COACHELLA in ceremonies Wednesday at the Catholic The public must understand that Since 1965, Cesar Chavez has been leading archdiocese offices here to witness the sign­ should the Nation find itself again in a la huelga (the strike) to unionize Califor­ ing of a three-year contract between the AFL­ mail crisis similar to the one of late nia's farm workers and win contracts from CIO United Farm Workers' Organizing Com­ March, they should point the finger of the state's powerful agricultural producers. mittee and two major Coachella Valley grow­ blame in the right direction, in the direc­ He has concentrated on growers of table ers. grapes, a product that requires intensive PUT WEIGHT BEHIND CHAVEZ tion of the President whose concern for labor and is difficult to mechanize. Last week justice for postal workers seems some­ Significance of the action was not just the Chavez's United Farm Workers Organizing impact of the two contracts alone, although where near the bottom of a long list of Committee finally dented the opposition. the Charles Freedman and the David Freed­ neglected social and economic needs, and Three Coachella Valley table-grape producers man ranches produce about 400,000 boxes of in the direction of those Senators and agreed to contracts with UFWOC raising grapes a year. Representatives who seem determined to wages 10¢ an hour, to $1.75, and adding 22¢­ It was also that church leaders includ­ play politics with the livelihoods of dedi­ an-hour worth of fringe benefits. Said ing Archbishop Timothy Manning, of Los cated public servants. Chavez: "This is a very important day." Angeles, have now thrown their weight be­ Central to the union's limited victory was hind Cesar Chavez' UFWOC and its efforts to I want to repeat again what I have the nationwide boycott of table grapes that said many times before: sign contracts with growers in California and Chavez organized two years ago. That source other agricultural states in the nation. Surely it is clear how much it would of pressure, plus rising production costs Last November, the National Conference of help at this point for the Government and a bumper 1969 crop that lowered prices, Bishops, pressed both by supporters of the to show some degree of good faith to the has driven more than one-third of the 85 union and the growers, named a five-man postal workers after so many years of Coachella Valley table-grape growers out of Bishops' Committee on Farm Labor to simply broken promises and buck-passing. And business; 1,000 of the valley's 7,800 grape­ look into the issues involved in the grape producing acres have been abandoned. The boycott. before anyone says we should not now three growers who reached agreem.ent with start to undo long-standing injustices The boycott, the most widespread and in­ Chavez last week have 1,100 acres of there­ tens! ve ever called by any union, pushed the because a strike constitutes blackmail, mainder, harvest 1% of California's total church leaders into further action, and in let us remember that the House adopted table grape crop. One of the three, Lionel February they quietly began a series of H.R. 13000 by an overwhelming vote last Steinberg, was guarded about his contract meetings with men like Lionel Steinberg, October--on its merits. The Senate wLth the UFWOC, which includes a union­ who represented the two Freedman ranches, passed a somewhat similar bill not long shop clause. "I have some concern that it and representatives of about 40 other large after that--on its merits. Is it not awk­ may not be completely workable," he said, and small growers in the San Joaquin and "but I am convinced that I wm try and Coachella valleys. ward to accuse someone of blackmail they will try." Steinberg added: "It is my for asking what you have long since said Bishop Donnelly said the contract signed hope that we have commenced a historic Wednesday will be "but the beginning of a is rightfully his? The blackmail, if breakthrough." chain of such contracts so that prosperity "blackmail" is an issue, lies with those Mixed Appetites. Though Chavez and a and peace can once more descend into our who would deny-who have denied-the group of Coachella growers had negotiated fields and our homes ..." 19832 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1970 \ I The church leaders left no doubt about Mr. Ral said the new mosquito was su­ cial, educational and millttary. Your Class, their admiration for Steinberg for breaking perior to insects sterilized by radiation and and others like it, seeks to improve the qual­ } the ranks of other grape growers who have then released to control pest populations. ity and the direction of American life, and The latter type is totally sterile and pro­ I respect you for the great concern this \ so far refused to recognize Chavez or his I union. duces no offspring, he said. Also, he said, shows for our country. But there is a righ:t l But the church officials also gave unstint­ such mosquitos are weakened by the radia­ way and a wrong way to proceed from here ing praise to Chavez, who, they said, is tion while his new strain is strong and and I would like to point out the difference. "totally dedicated to justice and sound labor active. WHERE WE ARE relations in agriculture." Chavez and William Kircher, AFL-CIO di­ First is the question of where we are. rector of organizing, said they are not call­ SECRETARY OF COMMERCE MAKES There are several answers. ing off the boycott of other grape growers. COMMENCEMENT ADDRESS Certainly we are in an age of dissent. We also face some of the greatest physical needs PUSH UNION LABEL in our history. We are in a time of un­ "We are going to use our worldwide boy­ HON. BOB WILSON precedented material progress. And we are in cott operations now to promote the sale of ·a time of tremendous promise. union-label grapes, which will be clearly OF CALIFORNIA Dissent ... need ... progress ... promise. marked on all boxes, and will press the boy­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Let me look brie:fly at each of these cott of nonunion grapes harder than ever," Monday, June 15, 1970 conditions. Kircher said. DISSENT The new contract provides for a. pay hike of Mr. BOB WILSON. Mr. Speaker, the First, dissent itself is clearly a healthy con­ 6%, or 10 cents an hour, whichever is greater, Secretary of Commerce, Maurice Stans, dition in a free society. The country thrives in the first year of the contract, with a. $1.75 spoke at the commencement ceremonies on honest disagreement and constructive hourly minimum wage, plus 25 cents a box; of the University of San Diego on May 29. criticism. a. 10-cent hourly contribution to a union His remarks were greeted with a But there are in the nation some who health and welfare fund; a 2-cent hourly transform disagreement into demands, and "economic development fund" to help jobless standing ovation. Because of their time­ liness, I insert them in the Extensions of criticism into confrontation. As they have farm workers; a union shop clause so that become loud and destructive, they have dam­ an employes must join the union. Remarks at this point: aged the confidence of one generation and Other members of the bishops' committee COMMENCEMENT ADDRESS the optimism of another. included Bishop Hugh A. Conohoe, of Fresno; (By Ron. Maurice H. Stans) Today we have all }leard their strident Bishop Walter W. Curtis, of Bridgeport, Your Excellency, Bishop Maher, Monsig­ voice of pessimism shouting across the land. Conn., and Bishop Humberto S. Medeiros, On the one hand we have heard a dis­ of Brownsville, Tex. nor Baer, members of the fooulty, distin­ quished guests, ladies and gentlemen of the tinguished but disspirlted public figure say Class of 1970. the country is disintegrating. On the other MISSION POSSIDLE: THE MOSQUI­ I am doubly honored to be here with you we have heard the Jerry Rubins and the today. David Dellingers cry for the destruction of TO MAY SHORTLY SELF-DE­ I am honored, first, to convey the greet­ the whole system. STRUCT ings and congratulations of President Nixon These apostles of violence insist that noth­ to the members of the Class of 1970. He ing is right with America, and everything is asked me to extend his best wishes to each wrong. They lean on simplistic slogans and HON. DAVID R. OBEY of you, and to commend this school as a they violate the right of dissent with intoler­ OF WISCONSIN whole for keeping its stability when most of ance and disorder. They would move our political process out of the law, out of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES those about you were losing theirs. The President has a warm personal feel­ legislatures, and into the streets. They would Monday, June 15, 1970 ing for the University of San Diego. As Vice substitute violence for voting, and would President of the United States he received replace institutions with anarchy. Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, last week dur­ an honorary degree here in 1959, and he told They would sweep aside knowledge and ing the debate on the Agriculture Appro­ me before I left Washington that it is one of order and decency. They would destroy in priations bill, I introduced an amend­ h'is proudest memories. the name of liberalism, in the style of Hitler. ment in this House to increase by $1.5 But those who loose riot and violence in million funds available for research in HONORARY DEGREE our cities and our colleges do not say what ·the nonchemical means of pest control, I am also honored to receive a similar de­ kind of an America they would try to build gree from this distinguished University. I in place of the one they abuse. They won't means which include the sterilization of will hold it in the highest regard and will be admit that they have nothing worth offering insects, and the use of light, sound, and forever proud of my identification with this in place of the system we have today. hormones for the destruction of insects great University and with the Class of 1970. The pages of history are strewn with the and pests. My only regret is that the degree cannot wreckage of nations where such men have A short article which appeared in the confer upon me the youth that ought to go had their way. New York Times on June 14, 1970, has with it. I would readily trade my position The overwhelming majority of my genera­ reported that advances in this type of and experience with any of you, considering tion knows these men represent a small Ini­ nonchemical research with regard to the the exciting future that is ahead. nority of yours. yellow fever and malaria carrying mos­ BREVITY The age of dissent has taught us that vio­ quito may prove to be the undoing of Now I know all of you have been sitting lence is not necessary to achieve solutions. this menacing pest. in school for sixteen years or xnore--and I do It cannot achieve them. Whether incited by not want to be the one to keep you sitting radicals or practiced by over-zealous agents It is another example, Mr. Speaker, of of authority, violence is counter-productive. the usefulness of this kind of research here much longer. One or the greatest men and an indication of its eventual worth of our time, the late President Eisenhower WITHIN THE SYSTEM once told me, "The only virtue thwt can be When we recognize our problexns, we can for the protection of the environment presented effectively in a commencement repair them within the system. The genius of and the public health and welfare as speech is brevity." the American system is that it works, well. So I shall be brief. If you will agree to whether the problem is political, economic The article follows: really listen for just about 15 minutes, I will or social. No system ever devised anywhere agree to talk no longer than that. A MosQUITO Is BRED To CuRB MosQuiTos has ever responded better to the needs or In that time, you may be happy to know, the wishes of more people than our democ­ SoUTH BEND, IND.-University of Notre I am not going to review the various crises racy, and no system has ever been more Dame biologists say they have developed a and turmoil of these past four years. Rather productive than our competitive process. new breed of mosquito that has a. fatal than look back, I prefer to discuss with you Change may not always come as quickly as :flaw in its heredity. It could wipe out infes­ where we were and where we are going, and we wish-but we will become a. collection of tations of normal mosquitos, they say. to offer some suggestions for you to think fools if we ever throw away our political and Dr. Kara.mjit S. Rial and Paul T. McDonald, over. economic systems in a blind drive for in­ a graduate student, say in the current issue of Of course, I do not intend to ignore the stant perfection in human society. Science magazine that they have bred a. va­ recent developments. Work within the system, build on what riety of the Aedes aegypti mosquito in which CLASS 01!' 1970 we have, and you can create the perfection the males leave 75 per cent of the female's which other generations have not achieved. eggs unfertilized. Across the country, the Class of 1970 rep­ Of the 25 per cent that hatch, about 80 resents the first four years of the age of PHYSICAL NEED per cent of the males inherit the same steril­ college confrontation. The second condition of America 1s the ity factor their fathers had. The voice of challenge has been heard with physical need growing in parts of our so­ The Aedes agyptl transmits yellow fever great impact on all of the institutions and ciety. and malaria. establishments of the nation-political, so- As a nation we have awakened to all the June 15, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19833 terrible problems of urban blight and so­ These are not boastful figures. They are The destroyers of today will not survive cial decay which exist now in many places. simple illustrations that what we have works any more than the witch burners of colonial We must become just as awake to the better than what anyone else has. They show New England or the book burners of Hitler's needs of the future. that our way delivers more for mankind than Germany. The flag burners of 1970 will be By 1985 we will add as many new people that of any other country. held in history's contempt with the cross­ to our country's population as we have today PROMISE burners of the Ku Klux Klan. in all the 24 states west of the Mississippi If you will deny the extremists-if you will River. Among those newcomers will be your There are many reasons why I feel we are in a time of promise. have faith in yourself and in America's insti­ own children. tutions-then in the days ahead you will get Just 30 years from now, when you will still Looking at the future from your side of the generation gap, the imperfections of our the greatest possible reward from the edu­ be younger than I am today, this nation will cation you have now completed and from have to accommodate perhaps 100 million time are very clear and the needs are very sharp. The veiwpoint from my side is en­ the great opportunities which await you. more people than it has at the present. And in playing your part, you can help to Eighty-five percent of them will be urban riched by the knowledge that the world does dwellers, perhaps living in solid cities hun­ indeed get better, and this country will con­ fulfill for your generation man's historic dreds of miles long, such as BosWash, from tinue to do so. dream of a world of comfort and well-being Boston to Washington--or ChiPitts, from Every generation has had its problems­ at home and peace and understanding around Chicago to Pittsburgh--or SanSan, from San but we have never had a generation enter­ the world! Francisco to San Diego--or JaM!, from Jack­ ing the age of responsible citizenship as con­ Congratulations-and my very best wishes sonville to Miami. cerned as yours with the moral and physical to each of you. If you want to talk about challenge, there condition of the country. it is. ~ollution, education, taxation, trans­ The future is unlimited so long as it is portatiOn, welfare, housing--all the ingredi­ fueled with high principle and sincere con­ ents of living aa-e wrapped up together. cern. You have both. These facts have the ominous potential of In addition, we all have a common in­ CONGRESSIONAL REPORT TO a time bomb. On the one hand we can build terest in the future of this country. Young NINTH DISTRICT RESIDENTS­ an anthill society, let the problems fester, and old alike, we share a love of our coun­ JUNE 8, 1970 and wait for the explosion of an unlivable try, a commitment to improve it, and a existence. dedication to achieve peace. But on the other, they offer unprecedented On the basis of what we have done, with HON. LEE H. HAMILTON opportunity. The possibility of achievements all its problems, there is every reason to be­ in planning, in building, in creating a quality lieve in the future. On the basis of the sys­ OF INDIANA of life, are unlimited. No generation has ever tem we have, there is every reason for con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES had a chance to do so much in so short a fidence. Monday, June 15, 1970 time for so many. SUGGESTIONS :MATERIAL PROGRESS So let me offer just these suggestions to Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, under Our third condition is unprecented ma­ help you seize the future with the optimism the leave to extend my remarks in the terial progress. it deserves: RECORD, I include the following: Through our economic system, we have be­ First, don't be discouraged by things as U.S. HEALTH CARE SYSTEM-PART II come the envy of mankind. It has given us they are. An unbelievably better world is coming, which you will help to build, and it In my last newsletter, I discussed several everything we have, and it can give us abun­ of the stresses and strains on our health care dance for all. can hold the promise of realizing man's deepest aspirations. system, particularly the spreading costs and Moreover, in unprecedented ways, the eco­ the involvement of the Federal government nomic resources of this system already have Second, don't downgrade the United States or its institutions. Challenge the critics and in the system. While there may be growing been brought to bear to produce an unbe­ dissatisfaction with health services in the lievably productive America. yourself to improve them but do not let them be destroyed, because there are none United States, alternatives to the current At a rate faster than our growth of popu­ system are not readily apparent. lation, we are achieving the spread of eco­ better in the world. Third, don't let others destroy our com­ The present medical care system is based nomic abundance, the growth of scientific on a fee-for-service arrangement. Although knowledge, and elimination of the ghettos petitive system of industry and enterprise. It is superior, it is effective, it is fair and this is a fine arrangement for episodic care of ignorance and poverty. for patients with sporadic illnesses or com­ For the first time in history, there is a it offers just incentives to those who con­ tribute most. plaints, it does not work as well for life­ productive partnership between government long programs of prevention, diagnosis, treat­ and our private economy to refurbish our PURSUIT OF FREEDOM cities. ment, and rehabilitation. In conclusion and in summary, let me put Fee-for-service medicine, and the health For the first time since the abolition of it all this way. insurance policies that are patterned after slavery we are making a practical effort to The price of freedom has always come it, mean that patients tend to avoid pre­ open the doors of economic opportunity to high. It begins with eternal vigilance, and ventive care, with the result that they are all the minority peoples of our country. sometimes includes the risk of death. later forced by serious illness into hospital For the :first time in the history of any It was achieved for America through treat ment. This treatment, billed on an nation, vast problems of the environment heavy sacrifice in the past. itemized basis, is also expensive because of have been identified, and we have made an Twice in my lifetime it has been threat­ higher wage demands by hospital workers, unprecedented national commitment to ened from outside, and two generations of and the high cost of medical manpower, eliminate the curse of pollution in all its Americans have had to fight to preserve it. forms. equipment and supplies. At the present rate Many times in this century it has been of increase, a hospital room will cost $100 Something called good corporate citizen­ lost, in many places in the world. per da y in fi ve years. ship is becoming a dedication in almost every Your generation, rich in the security of community in the country, and in many Another result of the present system is freedom won, has committed itself to the that physicians favor urba n areas, leaving areas around the world where Americans do next goal, the perfection of individual liberty. business. rural areas, like Southeastern Indiana, with This system is simply too good for all of You demand universal justice. You plead severe shortages of doctors. Doct ors under­ us to let it be destroyed. for equality. You curse the darkness of standably prefer to practice medicine where It is in harness to meet the needs of our intolerance and dishonesty. And you seek they have access to sophisticated medical people and the needs of our country, and it comfort and peace. technology and research facilities. Moreover, is a major reason for the tremendous promise Men have sought these goals throughout as a result of want ing to avoid the cost of which exists in America today. history-but never with the advantage you preventive care, pat ients gravitate toward Let me give you some simple statistical have today. You are strong materially. You the hospitals, which are usually in the dties. proof from official sources of what this sys­ are secure in our system of law. You have a Because of the great pressures on doctors, tem can do. workable society. especially the solo general pract itioner, more To buy a suit of clothes in Soviet Russia You have set the highest challenges for doctors are specializing and practicing in takes 183 hours of work. In France a com­ yourself. Our society encourages you to seek groups, a pattern that can be established parable suit takes 75 hours; in Great Britain your goals. But we also urge you not to do more easily in the populated cent er. 40 hours; and in the United States only 24 anything to kill the system which makes it Critics contend, then, that the U.S. h ealth hours of work is needed for the same item. possible. Do not be misled by the firebrands care system is weighted toward t he expen­ Or if you prefer to judge by another stand­ of your own generation who would dest roy sive t reatment of the hospital, and that the ard, in the United States one worker on a the fut ure for you. U.S. is the best country in the world in which farm now produces enough to feed 42 people. If there is one common denominat or to h ave a serious illness, but not the best In France, one worker can feed only approxi­ throughout the history of mankind, it is place for non-serious ailments. mat ely 6. The figure is about 5 in Italy, and this: Extremists are always overwhelmed in In t he growing debate over this count ry's it is one farm worker for only one other per­ time by the common sense of those who know healt h care syst em, increasing emphasis is son in China. there is no future in destruction. being placed on h ealth care rather t han sick 19834 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE June 16, 1970 care-on the keeping of people well rather technicans would be assigned more and more · vate insurance companies acting as insurers tha.n making them well after illness has of the health testing duties, involving the and using tax credits for financing. The na­ struck. Such a change, however, promises to chemical and electrical tests necessary for tional health insurance proposal would be be evolutionary rather than revolutionary. the doctor's examination and diagnosis. This compulsory, with a combination of private 1 ? Secretary Finch of the Department of would leave the doctors free to handle true insurance companies and the Federal gov­ \ Health, Education, and Welfare described sick care and to treat disorders that show up ernment as insurees, and using payroll taxes the likely course of change this way: "I can in periodic checkups, and could be handled and Federal revenues for financing. The costs \ see an increasing reliance on prepaid group on a community-wide basis. vary from $15 billion to $60 billion. medical practice where you pay a fixed sum Prepayment: Pass group practice savings The enactment of either of these plans, or for total medical care by a team of doctors on to patients through set, prepaid annual any combination of them, without changes and specialists." premiums which would eventually eliminate in the underlying system of delivery of The evolution could take the course of: itemized billing for each treatment as well as health care, would only feed the problem of Group practice: Instead of an individual third-party payment. rising costs. doctor operating his own practice, groups of It is not sm-prising, then, that proposals Whatever we do, we must focus on a doctors would pool their professional and are being made to revamp the present med­ health care system which utilizes and dis­ techological resources to provide a wide ical system. The plans vary widely in co9t, tributes medical manpower properly and effi­ range of health care, and at a lower overhead coverage, financing, extent of government ciently, and which concentrates on keeping cost. participation, and administration. The AMA people healthy rather than on making them Preventive care: Medical assistants and has proposed a voluntary system, with pri- well.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Tuesday, June 16, 1970 The House met at 12 o'clock noon. Georgia. Dr. Bradley accepted the pas­ "(c) The totaJ. sums authorized to be ap­ Rev. Lawrence V. Bradley, Jr., Curtis torate in 1960 and during the last 10 propriated by subsection (a) and subsection Baptist Church, Augusta, Ga., offered years has seen the membership almost (b) of this section shall be plus or minus double in size and its building programs such amounts, if any, as ma.y be required by the following prayer: reason of changes in the cost of construc­ Eternal God, our Heavenly Father: As and property values grow to nearly two tion work of the types involved therein as this august body convenes this day, we and a half million dollars. shown by engineering cost indexes, and, in pay homage to Thee, sovereign of all na­ It is a pleasure for me to welcome him addition thereto, such sums as may be re­ here from my district. Dr. Bradley, I quired to operate and maintain such divi­ tions; and ask Thy divine benedictions. sion: Provided, That funds appropriated Thy servants, here assembled, have hope you will enjoy being with us today. We welcome Mrs. Bradley, too. pursuant to the authority contained in sub­ been chosen to speak for the citizens of section (b) of this section shall be expended this great land-do Thou indue them only if the amount thereof is increased in with the spirit, the zeal, the courage, a.ny given fiscal year by a proportionate and the faith of our forefathers that CONFERENCE REPORT ON S. 743, amount appropriated pursuant to subsection their deliberations may strengthen the TOUCHET DIVISION, WALLA (a) of this section." foundations of our beloved Republic in WALLA PROJECT, OREGON-WASH­ And the House agree to the same. its domestic and international affairs. INGTON WAYNE N. ASPINALL, HAROLD T. JOHNSON, Be Thou, our Father, with the Presi­ Mr. ASPINALL submitted the follow­ THOMAS S. FOLEY, dent of these United States. Enable him ing conference report and statement on CRAIG HOSMER, with divine wisdom to meet the prob­ the bill