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As the Basic Concept of the Enets Language
Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanities & Social Sciences 4 (2018 11) 602-614 ~ ~ ~ УДК 397.4; 811.511.24 “Deer” as the Basic Concept of the Enets Language Ksenia V. Reznikova* Siberian Federal University 79 Svobodny, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia Received 06.03.2018, received in revised form 06.04.2018, accepted 10.04.2018 The article analyses the actual state of the Enets language that most likely risks to extinct in the context of globalization. The situation with the Enets language is one of the most disturbing not only because there are a little more than two hundred representatives of this ethnos left, where less than fifty people speak the Enets language, but also because the Enets language is a non-written language. This article considers ethno-social processes that are characteristic of Enets, analyses the prevalence of the Enets language provided by different sources in several time samples in the period from 1992 to 2017. The article also determines features of the Enets language and the role of the concept “deer” in the forest dialect of the Enets language; and it draws attention to the rights of the Enets in the language sphere that are guaranteed by the regional legislation. The study is summarized by several conclusions that predict the prompt disappearance of the Enets language and assume that without the restoration of reindeer breeding the revival of the Enets language is practically impossible. Keywords: the Enets, Enets language, non-written languages, deer. The reported study was funded by Krasnoyarsk Regional Fund of Science according to the research project: «Development of scientific and methodological support for the preservation of a unique cultural heritage for the Ket and Enets ethno-cultural groups of indigenous small peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East living on the territory of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. -
Enets Language in the Studies of Domestic and Foreign Scientists
Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanities & Social Sciences 4 (2018 11) 546-560 ~ ~ ~ УДК 304.2; 811.511.24 Enets Language in the Studies of Domestic and Foreign Scientists Maria A. Kolesnik, Natalia M. Libakova and Ekaterina A. Sertakova* Siberian Federal University 79 Svobodny, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia Received 06.03.2018, received in revised form 05.04.2018, accepted 09.04.2018 The article presents a historiographical review of foreign and domestic research literature devoted to the Enets language. The analysis of publications made it possible to identify general tendencies in the study of the Enets language, the indigenous minorities of the North, and also the vector of modern research. Modern cultural processes in the global space form and make an inexhaustible interest in the traditional cultures and, especially, in the cultures of small-numbered peoples urgent. The study of the languages of these ethnic groups appears as one of the tasks, the solution of which will allow revitalizing native languages, as well as the values of traditional culture as a whole. Keywords: The Enets, indigenous minorities of the North, traditional culture, language studies. The reported study was funded by Krasnoyarsk Regional Fund of Science according to the research project: «Development of scientific and methodological support for the preservation of a unique cultural heritage for the Ket and Enets ethno-cultural groups of indigenous small peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East living on the territory of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. DOI: 10.17516/1997-1370-0248. Research area: culturology. Introduction practices of speech behaviors are constantly Language determines the thinking of a appearing. -
Materials on Forest Enets, an Indigenous Language of Northern Siberia
Materials on Forest Enets, an Indigenous Language of Northern Siberia SUOMALAIS-UGRILAISEN SEURAN TOIMITUKSIA MÉMOIRES DE LA SOCIÉTÉ FINNO-OUGRIENNE ❋ 267 ❋ Florian Siegl Materials on Forest Enets, an Indigenous Language of Northern Siberia SOCIÉTÉ FINNO-OUGRIENNE HELSINKI 2013 Florian Siegl: Materials on Forest Enets, an Indigenous Language of Northern Siberia Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Toimituksia Mémoires de la Société Finno-Ougrienne 267 Copyright © 2013 Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura — Société Finno-Ougrienne — Finno-Ugrian Society & Florian Siegl Layout Anna Kurvinen, Niko Partanen Language supervision Alexandra Kellner This study has been supported by Volkswagen Foundation. ISBN 978-952-5667-45-5 (print) MÉMOIRES DE LA SOCIÉTÉ FINNO-OUGRIENNE ISBN 978-952-5667-46-2 (online) SUOMALAIS-UGRILAISEN SEURAN TOIMITUKSIA ISSN 0355-0230 Editor-in-chief Riho Grünthal (Helsinki) Vammalan Kirjapaino Oy Editorial board Sastamala 2013 Marianne Bakró-Nagy (Szeged), Márta Csepregi (Budapest), Ulla-Maija Forsberg (Helsinki), Kaisa Häkkinen (Turku), Tilaukset — Orders Gerson Klumpp (Tartu), Johanna Laakso (Wien), Tiedekirja Lars-Gunnar Larsson (Uppsala), Kirkkokatu 14 Matti Miestamo (Stockholm), FI-00170 Helsinki Sirkka Saarinen (Turku), www.tiedekirja.fi Elena Skribnik (München), Trond Trosterud (Tromsø), [email protected] Berhard Wälchli (Stockholm), FAX +358 9 635 017 Jussi Ylikoski (Kautokeino) He used often to say there was only one Road; that it was like a great river: its springs were at every doorstep, and every path was its tributary. “It’s a dangerous business, Frodo, going out of your door,” he used to say. “You step into the Road, and if you don’t keep your feet, there is no knowing where you might be swept off to […]” (The Fellowship of the Ring, New York: Ballantine Books, 1982, 102). -
[.35 **Natural Language Processing Class Here Computational Linguistics See Manual at 006.35 Vs
006 006 006 DeweyiDecimaliClassification006 006 [.35 **Natural language processing Class here computational linguistics See Manual at 006.35 vs. 410.285 *Use notation 019 from Table 1 as modified at 004.019 400 DeweyiDecimaliClassification 400 400 DeweyiDecimali400Classification Language 400 [400 [400 *‡Language Class here interdisciplinary works on language and literature For literature, see 800; for rhetoric, see 808. For the language of a specific discipline or subject, see the discipline or subject, plus notation 014 from Table 1, e.g., language of science 501.4 (Option A: To give local emphasis or a shorter number to a specific language, class in 410, where full instructions appear (Option B: To give local emphasis or a shorter number to a specific language, place before 420 through use of a letter or other symbol. Full instructions appear under 420–490) 400 DeweyiDecimali400Classification Language 400 SUMMARY [401–409 Standard subdivisions and bilingualism [410 Linguistics [420 English and Old English (Anglo-Saxon) [430 German and related languages [440 French and related Romance languages [450 Italian, Dalmatian, Romanian, Rhaetian, Sardinian, Corsican [460 Spanish, Portuguese, Galician [470 Latin and related Italic languages [480 Classical Greek and related Hellenic languages [490 Other languages 401 DeweyiDecimali401Classification Language 401 [401 *‡Philosophy and theory See Manual at 401 vs. 121.68, 149.94, 410.1 401 DeweyiDecimali401Classification Language 401 [.3 *‡International languages Class here universal languages; general -
Multilingual Facilitation
Multilingual Facilitation Honoring the career of Jack Rueter Mika Hämäläinen, Niko Partanen and Khalid Alnajjar (eds.) Multilingual Facilitation This book has been authored for Jack Rueter in honor of his 60th birthday. Mika Hämäläinen, Niko Partanen and Khalid Alnajjar (eds.) All papers accepted to appear in this book have undergone a rigorous peer review to ensure high scientific quality. The call for papers has been open to anyone interested. We have accepted submissions in any language that Jack Rueter speaks. Hämäläinen, M., Partanen N., & Alnajjar K. (eds.) (2021) Multilingual Facilitation. University of Helsinki Library. ISBN (print) 979-871-33-6227-0 (Independently published) ISBN (electronic) 978-951-51-5025-7 (University of Helsinki Library) DOI: https://doi.org/10.31885/9789515150257 The contents of this book have been published under the CC BY 4.0 license1. 1 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Tabula Gratulatoria Jack Rueter has been in an important figure in our academic lives and we would like to congratulate him on his 60th birthday. Mika Hämäläinen, University of Helsinki Niko Partanen, University of Helsinki Khalid Alnajjar, University of Helsinki Alexandra Kellner, Valtioneuvoston kanslia Anssi Yli-Jyrä, University of Helsinki Cornelius Hasselblatt Elena Skribnik, LMU München Eric & Joel Rueter Heidi Jauhiainen, University of Helsinki Helene Sterr Henry Ivan Rueter Irma Reijonen, Kansalliskirjasto Janne Saarikivi, Helsingin yliopisto Jeremy Bradley, University of Vienna Jörg Tiedemann, University of Helsinki Joshua Wilbur, Tartu Ülikool Juha Kuokkala, Helsingin yliopisto Jukka Mettovaara, Oulun yliopisto Jussi-Pekka Hakkarainen, Kansalliskirjasto Jussi Ylikoski, University of Oulu Kaisla Kaheinen, Helsingin yliopisto Karina Lukin, University of Helsinki Larry Rueter LI Līvõd institūt Lotta Jalava, Kotimaisten kielten keskus Mans Hulden, University of Colorado Marcus & Jackie James Mari Siiroinen, Helsingin yliopisto Marja Lappalainen, M. -
Angol-Magyar Nyelvészeti Szakszótár
PORKOLÁB - FEKETE ANGOL- MAGYAR NYELVÉSZETI SZAKSZÓTÁR SZERZŐI KIADÁS, PÉCS 2021 Porkoláb Ádám - Fekete Tamás Angol-magyar nyelvészeti szakszótár Szerzői kiadás Pécs, 2021 Összeállították, szerkesztették és tördelték: Porkoláb Ádám Fekete Tamás Borítóterv: Porkoláb Ádám A tördelés LaTeX rendszer szerint, az Overleaf online tördelőrendszerével készült. A felhasznált sablon Vel ([email protected]) munkája. https://www.latextemplates.com/template/dictionary A szótárhoz nyújtott segítő szándékú megjegyzéseket, hibajelentéseket, javaslatokat, illetve felajánlásokat a szótár hagyományos, nyomdai úton történő előállítására vonatkozóan az [email protected] illetve a [email protected] e-mail címekre várjuk. Köszönjük szépen! 1. kiadás Szerzői, elektronikus kiadás ISBN 978-615-01-1075-2 El˝oszóaz els˝okiadáshoz Üdvözöljük az Olvasót! Magyar nyelven már az érdekl˝od˝oközönség hozzáférhet német–magyar, orosz–magyar nyelvészeti szakszótárakhoz, ám a modern id˝ok tudományos világnyelvéhez, az angolhoz még nem készült nyelvészeti célú szak- szótár. Ennek a több évtizedes hiánynak a leküzdésére vállalkoztunk. A nyelvtudo- mány rohamos fejl˝odéseés differenciálódása tovább sürgette, hogy elkészítsük az els˝omagyar-angol és angol-magyar nyelvészeti szakszótárakat. Jelen kötetben a kétnyelv˝unyelvészeti szakszótárunk angol-magyar részét veheti kezébe az Olvasó. Tervünk azonban nem el˝odöknélküli vállalkozás: tudomásunk szerint két nyelvészeti csoport kísérelt meg a miénkhez hasonló angol-magyar nyelvészeti szakszótárat létrehozni. Az els˝opróbálkozás -
Contact-Driven Multilingual Practices (Helsinki, 1‒2 June 2017) Book of Abstracts
Contact-Driven Multilingual Practices (Helsinki, 1‒2 June 2017) Book of abstracts Evgeniya Aleshinskaya ..................................................................................................................... 2 Jenni Alisaari, Leena Maria Heikkola, Emmanuel Opoku Acquah ..................................................... 3 Djegdjiga Amazouz, Martine Adda-Decker ........................................................................................ 4 Timofey Arkhangelskiy, Maria Usacheva .......................................................................................... 6 Hiwa Asadpour ................................................................................................................................. 7 Victor Bayda ..................................................................................................................................... 8 Ingeborg Birnie ................................................................................................................................. 8 Urjani Chakravarty ............................................................................................................................ 9 Svetlana Edygarova ........................................................................................................................ 10 Martin Ehala ................................................................................................................................... 11 M. M. Jocelyne Fernandez-Vest .................................................................................................... -
Structural Case and Objective Conjugation in Northern Samoyedic Melani Wratil University of Düsseldorf
Chapter 12 Structural case and objective conjugation in Northern Samoyedic Melani Wratil University of Düsseldorf In Samoyedic syntactic objects and, to a much lesser extent, syntactic subjects are morpho- logically marked in some way if they pragmatically deviate from the prototypical grammat- ical relation they represent. The present paper focuses on the Northern Samoyedic branch in this respect, where morphological case and possessive marking, the selection of conju- gational patterns and even argument drop is employed to a variable extent in order toas- sign grammatical functions and to distinguish between the involved arguments and their semantic and pragmatic characteristics. It provides evidence for the fact that the synchronic variation in the manifestation and application of these means in the Northern Samoyedic languages Nganasan, Tundra Nenets and Forest Enets can be explained by the interrelation between the individual developmental paths that specific nominal, pronominal and verbal markers have followed. Whereas in Nganasan the morphophonemic change of number and accusative case markers in conjunction with possessive morphemes and moreover the gram- maticalization of the latter to definiteness markers has resulted in a system of differential object marking (DOM) that exclusively applies to nouns, in Tundra Nenets and Forest Enets DOM is implemented by the verbal morphology. This variation in differential marking is attributable to the fact that the agreement suffixes of the objective conjugation inTundra Nenets and in Forest Enets – but not in Nganasan – have adopted substantial functional features of ambiguous object agreement suffixes and at the same time of topic markers. An instance of differential subject marking (DSM) only exists in Nganasan. -
Erzya E-Learning Course, Grammatical Description
ERZYA E-LEARNING COURSE, GRAMMATICAL DESCRIPTION Sirkka Saarinen The European Commission support for the production of this publication does not constitute an endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. Sirkka Saarinen E-learning course: Erzya THE MORDVINS Moksha Mordvin girls Flag of the Mordvin Republic Erzya Mordvin women Mordvins = Erzyas and Mokshas The Mordvins are divided into two ethnic groups, Erzyas and Mokshas. The Mordvins reside in their own republic which is part of the Russian Federation (25,266 km2), in the territory between the Volga tributaries, the Oka and the Sura. Only 27% of the Mordvins dwell in the titular republic; the majority live in scattered enclaves over a very extensive area to the north and south of the borders of the republic as well as widely in the zone reaching to the Ural Mountains. According to the last Soviet census (1989) there were 1,154,000 Mordvins, although of these only 67% spoke their mother tongue Erzya or Moksha. The second Russian census (2010) estimated the number of Mordvins to have decreased by over 30 %, that is, to 806,000. About two-thirds of the Mordvins speak Erzya and one-third Moksha, which to some extent are mutually understandable. Literary languages for both groups were developed in the 1920s. The Mordvin languages belong to the Volgaic branch of the Finno-Ugric languages. The Russians began converting the Mordvins to the Orthodox faith as early as the 15th century. -
Book of Abstracts
Congressus Duodecimus Internationalis Fenno-Ugristarum, Oulu 2015 Book of Abstracts Edited by Harri Mantila Jari Sivonen Sisko Brunni Kaisa Leinonen Santeri Palviainen University of Oulu, 2015 Oulun yliopisto, 2015 Photographs: © Oulun kaupunki ja Oulun yliopisto ISBN: 978-952-62-0851-0 Juvenes Print This book of abstracts contains all the abstracts of CIFU XII presentations that were accepted. Chapter 1 includes the abstracts of the plenary presentations, chapter 2 the abstracts of the general session papers and chapter 3 the abstracts of the papers submitted to the symposia. The abstracts are presented in alphabetical order by authors' last names except the plenary abstracts, which are in the order of their presentation in the Congress. The abstracts are in English. Titles in the language of presentation are given in brackets. We have retained the transliteration of the names from Cyrillic to Latin script as it was in the original papers. Table of Contents 1 Plenary presentations 7 2 Section presentations 19 3 Symposia 199 Symp. 1. Change of Finnic languages in a multilinguistic environment .......................................................................... 201 Symp. 2. Multilingual practices and code-switching in Finno-Ugric communities .......................................................................... 215 Symp. 3. From spoken Baltic-Finnic vernaculars to their national standardizations and new literary languages – cancelled ...... 233 Symp. 4. The syntax of Samoyedic and Ob-Ugric languages ...... 233 Symp. 5. The development -
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ESUKA – JEFUL 2020, 11–2: 119–136 THE NORTH SAMOYEDIC INTERROGATIVE VERB Nikolett Mus THE NORTH SAMOYEDIC INTERROGATIVE VERB MEANING ‘SAY WHAT’ Nikolett Mus MTA Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungary Abstract: A cross-linguistically rare interrogative category (i.e., an interrogative verb with the meaning ‘say what’) is observed in the North Samoyedic (Uralic) languages. The interrogative verb in these languages is used in content questions, and functions as the predicate of the main or the embedded clause. It takes the regular verb morphemes with two exceptions: it (i) does not display object agreement, and (ii) cannot combine with the regular past tense morpheme. Furthermore, there is also an ordering restric- tion on multiple questions containing the interrogative verb. The morphosyntactic evi- dence suggests that the North Samoyedic interrogative verb is analyzed as a result of a wh-object incorporation. Keywords: interrogative verb, wh-object incorporation, object agreement, interrogative mood, multiple question, North Samoyedic languages DOI: https://doi.org/10.12697/jeful.2020.11.2.05 1. Introduction Cross-linguistic studies report on a rare interrogative category (i.e., the category of the interrogative verb), which (i) is exclusively used in a content question; (ii) functions as the predicate of the main or sub ordinate clause; and (iii) combines with any of the morphemes available for verbs in the given language (cf. van der Auwera and Idiatov 2004, Cysouw 2004, Idiatov 2006, Hagège 2008). Grammars of the North Samoyedic languages (henceforth NS languages) usually mention an interrogative verb with the meaning ‘say what’ (i.e., Nenets xaɁmanź (1); Enets kođumaď 1; Nganasan kumunsa (2)), but lack of giving a precise description of it (Tereščenko 1973, Nikolaeva 2014, Wagner-Nagy 2019). -
Documenting a Language with Phonemic and Phonetic Variation: the Case of Enets
Vol. 12 (2018), pp. 430–460 http://nflrc.hawaii.edu/ldc http://hdl.handle.net/10125/24772 Revised Version Received: 17 Jan 2018 Documenting a language with phonemic and phonetic variation: the case of Enets Olesya Khanina Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow, Russia) This paper describes phonemic and phonetic variation attested in Enets, a highly endangered Uralic language of Northern Siberia. This variation is worth describ- ing for three reasons. First of all, it is a part of documenting phonology of this disappearing language. Second, it is extremely frequent and widespread, includ- ing most words of the lexicon, but at the same time it does not visibly correlate with any social parameters, so this is one more case study in the vein of the soci- olinguistic agenda set by Dorian (2001; 2010). Third, the Enets variation presents a challenge for consistent transcription, let alone an orthography design. These three reasons structure the paper: after an introductory section on the Enets com- munity, languages used in the community in past and present, methodology of this study, and phonological profile of Enets, I proceed to a phonological description of the variation (§2), to sociolinguistic details of this variation (§3), and finally to issues of representation of the Enets data in a vain search for a perfect orthogra- phy for the language (§4). Crucially, the last reason was the driving force for this research in the first place, as “[c]reating a phonemic orthography implies at least a basic phonological analysis preceding its design” (Jany 2010:234) and “faulty phonological analyses give rise to faulty orthographies” (Rehg 2004:506).