FLORENCE, 15TH DECEMBER 2020 MECHANICAL EXCAVATIONS OF URBAN RAIL TUNNELS
ROME SUBWAY LINE “C” Ing. Andrea SCIOTTI TECHNICAL DIRECTOR OF ROMA METROPOLITANE S.R.L.
15th december 2020 General Contractor Line C - the third Subway Line in Rome Metro C ScpA Total lenght: 25,5 km 17,3 km underground (within the Great Road Ring - GRA) 8,2 km above ground underpass of the (suburban stretch) GREAT ROAD RING
Number of Stations: 30 19 underground (within the Great Road Ring - GRA) 11 above ground (suburban stretch)
System Features: high capacity and low headway, based on standard rail and completely driverless (without Driver on Board)
15/12/2020 “Rome Subway Line C” I Ing. A. Sciotti 2 Line C - the on-going works in operation (18, 5 km and 22 stations)
on going design review (4 km and 6 stations)
work in progress (3 km and 2 stations)
15/12/2020 “Rome Subway Line C” I Ing. A. Sciotti 3 Line C – T3 stretch – the underpass of historic city center
The T3 Stretch is currently under construction and it runs under historic city center, an area with a high density of of monuments and archaeological buildings, above and below ground level. T3 section starts from S. Giovanni Station (in operation) and it is about 3 km long. It includes 2 stations (Amba Aradam and Fori Imperiali) and 2 shafts with ventilation systems (3.2 and 3.3). The tunnels run under Aurelian Walls near Porta Metronia, under the Churches of Santo Stefano Rotondo and S. Maria in Domnica, very close to Colosseo, under existing Line B Station and very close to Basilica di Massenzio
15/12/2020 “Rome Subway Line C” I Ing. A. Sciotti 4 Line C – T3 stretch – geological and geotechnical profile
15/12/2020 “Rome Subway Line C” I Ing. A. Sciotti 5 Line C – T3 stretch – geological and geotechnical profile
Romani E. e altri – «Metro C Line in Rome: results of soil-structure interation studies compared with monitoring observations» - Gallerie e Grandi Opere in Sotterraneo - to be printed - 2021
15/12/2020 “Rome Subway Line C” I Ing. A. Sciotti 6 Line C – T3 stretch – the Scientific Technical Committee (STC)
UNESCO HERITAGE - Interaction between Line C and Monuments - Section T3 of Line C passes beneath and close to important monuments within the center of the city that are part of the UNESCO Heritage. Therefore it is necessary to study interaction between monuments/historical buildings and Line C construction.
A SPECIFIC COMMITTEE, denominated Multidisciplinary Scientific Technical Committee (STC) has therefore been created to study this subject.
15/12/2020 “Rome Subway Line C” I Ing. A. Sciotti 7 Line C – T3 stretch – the Scientific Technical Committee (STC) STC The STC coordinates and controls 5 work teams formed by university professors and specialists
Geomatics/Geology Prof. M. JAMIOLKOWSKI Building features and history Prof. G. CARBONARA geotechnical structural Geotechnical Engineering Prof. A. BURGHIGNOLI Prof. K. KOVARI engineering engineering Structural Engineering Prof. G. MACCHI
geology
monitoring restoration preservation system
15/12/2020 “Rome Subway Line C” I Ing. A. Sciotti 8 Line C – T3 stretch – Line-Monuments interaction studies
Methodological Approach • Historical study - with identification of critical
y estensione della v conca di cedimento construction phases u w • Identification of typology, materials and x wmax geometry of the foundations
zo preventive studies • Identification of material characteristics and executive technologies z • Structural and crack relief • Geometric relief • Geotechnical Level Analysis 1 (green field) and INTERACTION Level Analysis 2 (soil-structure interaction) ANALYSIS • Structural Analysis 2D and/or 3D
GUIDELINES FOR • Safeguard interventions DESIGN • Monitoring system
DESIGN
15/12/2020 “Rome Subway Line C” I Ing. A. Sciotti 9 Line C – T3 stretch – Line-Monuments interaction studies
y estensione della v conca di cedimento u w x wmax
zo
z
15/12/2020 “Rome Subway Line C” I Ing. A. Sciotti 10 Line C – T3 stretch – Line-Monuments interaction studies
distanza (m)
-180 -160 -140 -120 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 Colosseo Colosseo
30 0 p. c. (23.7 m s.l.m.) 20 10 z0=20.26 m 10 20 p. fond. (9.2 m s.l.m) ced. (mm) ced. 30 0 Quote m s.l.m m Quote -10 F.E.M. Plaxis -20 Green field K=0.4 al p.c.
15/12/2020 “Rome Subway Line C” I Ing. A. Sciotti 11 Line C – T3 stretch – Monitoring
• 7 Tilt beam sensor • 12 accelerometers • 22 crackmeters and jointmeters • 2 total stations with 130 mini prisms • 31 levelling reading points • 12 strain gauges
12 Line C – T3 stretch – Monitoring
13 Line C – T3 stretch – Monitoring
A. DATA ACQUISITION
manual reading remotized tools data logger tools tools B. DATA TRANSFER Manual Automatic transfer Transfer through transcription after through UAD-STR Data Logger data reading SOP: Preliminary check procedures
RAW SOP: Procedures for MASTER Data Base checking consistency Data Base C. DATA PROCESSING and integrity (RDB) (MDB)
Reports / Graphs / Maps
Digital platform SDD System SOP: Validation DATA EXPORT procedures Distribution Workstation CED Data
CRITICALITY MANAGEMENT Web GIS
14 Line C – T3 stretch – construction methods
15/12/2020 “Rome Subway Line C” I Ing. A. Sciotti 15 Line C – T3 stretch – construction methods
operating TBM features
excavation diam. 6,71 m installed power 2.500 kW maximum torque 7.000 kNm (9.000 kNm only for limited time application) total thrust 50.000 kN working pressure up to 5,5 bar epb sensors 6 erector with vacuum system conditioning through 10 injection points backfilling through 6 indipendent injection lines with a binary component system
15/12/2020 “Rome Subway Line C” I Ing. A. Sciotti 16 Line C – T3 stretch – TBM tunnel construction phases
TBM excavation started from shaft 3.3 toward Amba Aradam Station. Once completed this first gallery track – for a length of about 400 m each tunnel - the TBM job site was relocated to the Amba Aradam Station construction area to complete the mechanised excavation as far as the end of the stretch, for a total lenght of about 2,4 km for each tunnel.
15/12/2020 “Rome Subway Line C” I Ing. A. Sciotti 17 Line C – T3 stretch – TBM working steps
stand-by for design modification stand-by to wait the completion of the Amba Aradam station excavation
stand-by for contractual modification
15/12/2020 “Rome Subway Line C” I Ing. A. Sciotti 18 Line C – T3 stretch – TBM advance data
Re1
15/12/2020 “Rome Subway Line C” I Ing. A. Sciotti 19 Diapositiva 19
Re1 Romani eliano; 22/09/2020 Line C – T3 stretch – TBM advance data
Re1
15/12/2020 “Rome Subway Line C” I Ing. A. Sciotti 20 Diapositiva 20
Re1 Romani eliano; 22/09/2020 Line C – T3 stretch – TBM advance data
21 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Aurelian Walls near Porta Metronia
The geotechnical section is orthogonal to the tunnels of the Line and located at the minimum distance from the Colosseum. The running tunnels are sub-parallel to the Colosseum, with an average distance between the axes equal to 24 m and the axis of the South Tunnel, the closest to the monument, 13 m from it. The tunnel axes are about 30-35 m below ground level.
22 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Aurelian Walls near Porta Metronia
23 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Aurelian Walls near Porta Metronia
24 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Aurelian Walls near Porta Metronia
Ground level settlement monitoring section
25 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Aurelian Walls near Porta Metronia
Ground level settlement monitoring section
26 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Aurelian Walls near Porta Metronia
Ground level settlement monitoring section
27 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Aurelian Walls near Porta Metronia
Ground level settlement monitoring section
28 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Aurelian Walls near Porta Metronia
29 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Aurelian Walls near Porta Metronia
Ground level settlement monitoring section
30 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Aurelian Walls near Porta Metronia
Ground level settlement monitoring section
31 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Aurelian Walls near Porta Metronia
Monument settlement monitoring section - South side - Compensation grouting area
Drilling – June-October 2018
Topographic Level System Liquid Level System
32 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Aurelian Walls near Porta Metronia
Injection – January 2019
Injection – November 2018
33 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Aurelian Walls near Porta Metronia
North Tunnel excavation (+ compensation)
South Tunnel excavation (+ compensation)
34 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Aurelian Walls near Porta Metronia
Monitoring data analysis
despite the problems encountered in drilling and pre-treatment injection phase, the excavation of the tunnels had modest effects on the Aurelian Walls, in line with the results of the line- monument interaction studies
35 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with S. Stefano Rotondo Church
Geotechnical section traced on the minimum distance between line tunnels and the monument The axis of the North Tunnel, the closest to the Church, is at a minimum distance of about 22 m from the masonry structures. The tunnel axes are at about 55 m below ground level.
36 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with S. Stefano Rotondo Church
37 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with S. Stefano Rotondo Church
First order steel wire roops
Second order steel Third order steel wire roops wire roops
38 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with S. Stefano Rotondo Church Ground level settlement monitoring section
39 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with S. Stefano Rotondo Church Monument settlement monitoring section (levelling pins)
40 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Colosseum
41 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Colosseum
42 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Colosseum
The geotechnical section is orthogonal to the tunnels of the Line and located at the minimum distance from the Colosseum. The running tunnels are sub- parallel to the Colosseum, with an average distance between the axes equal to 24 m and the axis of the South Tunnel, the closest to the monument, 13 m from it. The tunnel axes are about 30-35 m below ground level.
43 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Colosseum
44 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Colosseum
Ground level settlement monitoring section
45 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Colosseum
Ground level settlement monitoring section
46 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Colosseum
Ground level settlement monitoring section
47 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Colosseum
Ground level settlement monitoring section
48 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Colosseum
Ground level settlement monitoring section
49 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Colosseum
Ground level settlement monitoring section
50 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Colosseum Monument settlement monitoring sections (levelling pins)
51 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Colosseum
Monument settlement monitoring sections (levelling pins)
52 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Colosseum Piezometric level monitoring sections
53 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Colosseum Piezometric level monitoring sections
54 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Colosseum
55 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Colosseum
56 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Colosseum
57 Line C – T3 stretch – interaction with Colosseum
58 Bibliografia: «Metro Line C in Rome: results of soil-structure interaction studies compared with monitoring observations» – Romani E. e altri – Gallerie e Grandi Opere in Sotterraneo n. 135-136 – to be printed (January 2021) «La Linea C della Metropolitana di Roma» – Romani E. Società Italiana Gallerie. Visita tecnica - Roma - September 2020 «The T3 stretch of Line C in Rome: TBM excavation» - Romani E. e altri – ITA-AITES – Napoli - World Tunnel Congress 2019 «Line C in Rome: the downtown section and the safeguard of the UNESCO World Heritage Area» - Romani E. e altri – ITA-AITES - World Tunnel Congress – Dubai - 2018 «The implementation of an underground infrastructure in a complex archaelogical context: some experiences from design and construction of the new Line C of the Roma Metro» - Sciotti A., Romani E., D’Angelo M. - Gallerie e Grandi Opere in Sotterraneo n. 122 – june 2017 «Working Underground in Rome: the ‘key challenges’ in the construction of the new Metro Lines» – Sciotti A. - Global Tunnelling Forum – Madrid – 2011
«The Underground Metro in Rome: a case-history» - Sciotti A. - Mechanized Tunnelling in Urban Areas. ITA-CET Training Course – Roma – 2010
Siti web: www.romametropolitane.it www.metrocspa.it
59 Thank you