IEMed. Mediterranean Yearbook 2018 428 Mediterranean Electoral Observatory Appendices 11 Legislative Elections This Observatory Electoral Mediterranean Chronologies 23 Presidential Elections France ticular sults held cludes Mediterranean tions Previous other pendent Previous 17 6 term, Bicameral elections Semi-presidential 348 (Assemblée The suffrage which (Socialist Hamon Benoit Mélenchon Jean-Luc Fillon Franciois round) (2nd 66.0% and (1st round) 75.8% Turnout: (National Pen Le Marine (On Macron Emmanuel Candidates May Party) Front) (Left (LR)) Party (Republican Front) Move) the June April June 577 chapter seats of in renewable that relevant political 2012 are presidential referenda autonomous 2017 2017 2012 seats for states, elections: elections: took for elected legislature. renewed a Nationale) provides nine-year a of territory and and significance. order. place once five-year the presented Republic. and by

18 7 and 10 22 every National May entities indirect in details only. The The June those that June April legislative are term, round 2017 % 1st 1st % 20.01 19.58 24.01 21.30 6.36 2017 presidential three Senate list elected are 2017 Two-round in 2012 2012 Assembly of or elections a universal in also circum- third % 2nd round of the 33.90 in 66.10 years. inde- elec- par- and and has any re- for in- of

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2017

liberal)

Party elections: after term,

a

the

unicameral left

The both total each

round % 1st 1st % 28.21 13.20 15.77 11.03 election 3.03 0.90 0.47 1.60 2.72 2.76 7.44 9 0.19 4.12 rounds. number from March % 2nd round Assembly 43.06 22.23 a 3.04 4.86 0.36 6.06 5.68 1.45 8.75 1.68 1.20 0.76 0.13 consists single-seat 2013 of seats Seats 308 112 30 42 18 10 12 17 5 3 6 6 8 (Il- of is

22 Presidential Elections Slovenia for Previous 2017 elections Parliamentary and year representation single The Kamra Tad-Deputati) Popovi Boris (United Šiško Andrej (New Novak Ljudmila Tomc (Slovenian Romana Sarec Marjan Bren Makovec Maja Party Nationalist Party Labour Parties Pahor Borut Candidates 92.6% Turnout: Democratic Slovenia Slovenia) SDS) Party, Democratic Marjan of List (Independent; Forever) Party) Centre (Modern conservative. (Christian-democrat, Centre-left) (social-democrat. Centre-right) (Independent) Centre-left) politics. (green a October 2 term. deputies five-year December transferable

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term. are system, Republic.

2012 to č i č 11 elected and

choose

vote November with to 12 round % 1st 1st % 13.68 24.76 47.21 43.68 55.04 proportional % serve 2.21 1.80 7.24 1.74 0.80 Two-round a November through 67 President % 2nd round Seats a seats. 53.09 46.91 2012 30 37 five- a

portional serve seats system community deputies public. 11 Legislative elections Resolution 1244 Kosovo underUNSecurityCouncil majority The May 2 Presidential Elections Serbia newable minorities. Kosovo Previous Previous Resolution Likov Angelca Luka Boško Radical (Serbian Šešelj Vojislav Aleksandar Jeremi Vuk Jaukovi Sasa Parovi Miroslav (1st round) 54.36% Turnout: Vu Aleksandar Candidates round) 42.13% (2nd and (1st round) 44.24% Turnout: Krause Lara Suzana Milan Radulovi Saša Nenad April Party) Families) and Children for (Voice right) far SRS, Party, -left) centre regionalist, Vojvodina, of Democrats pro-Europe) conservatism SNS, Party, Progressive Freedom conservatism, DSS, Serbia, of Party (Slovenian Enough, right) far to wing June President 2012

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is with of by term, Council Serbian and round % 1st 1st % estab-

55.06 16.35 those other 4.48 5.65 0.32 2.28 9.42 on 1.04 1.41 1.15 1.12 pro- 120 re- re- 20 to a

25 Legislative elections Republic ofAlbania administrative the The of stituency, partiesmustmeetathreshold Previous lished for list (Kuvendi years meet cies There democracy. of Party Democratic Albania of Party Socialist Justice, for Party The Parties Socialist 41.2% Turnout: Self-Determination Coalition PANA Parties (Minority (SL) List Serbian of League Democratic Parties Minority Other (Bosnian Coalition Vakat Party Democratic Turkish Centre-left) Europeanism. democrat, Centre-right) (conservative. Albania Centre-left) pro-Europeanism. (social-democrat, Integration Centre-right) (Albanian Unity and Integration (Nationalism) (LV) Movement Kosovo for Initiative (Conservatism) (AAK) Kosovo of Future the for Alliance (Liberalism) (PDK) Kosovo of Party Democratic nationalism) interests, Conservatism) (LDK) Kosovo minority) minority) (Turkish Kosovo of 3%, June the proportional Albanian Albanian corresponding a to are for and threshold minorities. a

2017 Movement i elections: unicameral political Shqipërisë) 12

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140-seat

are through is and the Within June a coalitions held 48.34 25.53 28.85 14.28 27.49 parliamentary representing no country’s 0.89 2.06 33.7 1.08 4.81 % 6.12 % constituen- 2013 threshold every a any chamber system. closed- Seats Seats 39 29 32 43 must 19 74 con- 7 2 2 9 3 four 12

(AKP) 16 Referendum Turkey 4 Legislative Elections Algeria coup was Party Previous erning A living laire Nationale) al-Sha’abi al-Watani/Assemblé Popu- the on Semi-presidential throughout legalized tors referendum. of held dential eightseats and means People’s amendments legislature. that coercion spread and part international an of 46.8% Turnout: Party Democratic Social 58.9% Turnout: No Yes May democracy, of constitutional government electoral executive April whether Prime

Albania were the said declared in from under attempt (MHP). abroad. Options 2017 Justice and the of system. prior 2017 existing elections: of the National by brought Minister proportional

multi-seat elections. (social- 462 are ‘No’ the a

the centre-left) misconduct, to standards. European the to referendum presidency to, If state in following 17 and would

reserved approved, approve the Nationalist supporters seats July for The referendum campaign parliamentary Interior during new Assembly forward republic. would Development 10 Turkish of five-year 2016.

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IEMed. Mediterranean Yearbook 2018 429 Mediterranean Electoral Observatory Appendices IEMed. Mediterranean Yearbook 2018 430 Mediterranean Electoral Observatory Appendices for Rally National Front Liberation National Algeria for Hope for Rally for Society of Movement Front Forces Socialist Justice for Front Ennahda- Front Democratic Free Front Struggle National (MEI, Movement El-Infitah Rally Patriotic Republican (nationalist) 54 AHD young Youth (PJ, of Party (“Dignity,” Party Karama El National of Movement (FM, Front Moustakbel El National and Culture for Rally (PT, Party Worker’s Popular Algerian Democracy (FLN) coalition) Islamist (MSP-FC, Change of -Front Peace democrat) social (FFS, Addala, (FJD, Development and (FND) “Opening,” (RPR) democrats) conservatism) Understanding Alliance “Future,” Democracy communists) democrat) (MPA, Movement

Republican

Parties Islamist)

centrist)

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25.99 14.91 2.36 0.80 6.09 0.54 0.45 0.98 0.59 0.63 0.65 2.97 3.73 3.70 1.26 1.02 1.87 4.18 4.11 % Seats 100 164 33 15 19 13 14 14 11 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 4 6 9 of national red two change tional The the reforms The 5 Referendum Mauritania cils, planned A budsman, Senate, on Islamic Independents Parties Other Party Justice and Freedom Against Neutral For Solidarity for Party National 53.72. and 53.75% Turnout: Turnout Options August centrist) (PNSD, Development and constitutional the 5 stripes ‘Supreme first as questions second August

37.37% symbols, national well Council flag, proposed the the for dealt 2017 giving Constitutional Constitutional at reforms (%) 15 creation as 2017, national as question the with 85.61 anthem Council the including were well July 4.40 9.99 and referendum way top by having merger the In as the and of to asked flag, the the the referred abolition

regional the of National a bottom government. symbols (%) symbols initially referendum, modification 0.44 1.37 adding proposal the of National creation about 85.67 10.02 was the 4.31 Fatwa.’ to coun- of of been 28 High 13 Om- held 2 2 two na- the the the to of

International www.electionguide.org Systems International asp www.ipu.org/parline-e/parlinesearch. database Inter-Parliamentary https://freedomhouse.org Freedom www.robert-schuman.eu Fondation www.electoralgeography.com/new/en/ Parties www.opemam.org the Observatory www.ndi.org National www.idea.int and Electoral www.mherrera.org/elections.html Electoral Sources Psephos www.parties-and-elections.eu Project http://psephos.adam-carr.net http://pomed.org Arab Electoral and on and Democratic (IFES) Geography Calendar Adam House on Robert Middle Elections on national Muslim Foundation Institute Assistance Politics Carr’s – Schuman Election East Union World Institute 2.0 parliaments in Election for and Democracy Europe for – Democracy Guide (OPEMAM) Elections PARLINE Electoral Archive in