Extension and Promotion of an Information System for Tropical Timber Properties to Encourage the Appropriate Use of More Species

ITTO Project PD 27/92 Rev. 1 (M,J)

Final Report

Oxford Forestry Institute 1995

THE PROSPECT DATABASE

Mr V. Burclaff Miss C. Dorey Mrs J. Smith

CD\CD\.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE 1.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 2.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3. Project Objectives 3. Results 4. Conclusions 5.

PROGRAM DEVELOPMENTS 6. Comparing Species 6. Definitions, supplementary data, aesthetics 8. Conclusions 9.

DATA ADDITION 10. Species 10. End-uses and properties 10. References 11. Conclusions 11.

APPENDIX 1 PROSPECT Species List i.

APPENDIX 2 PROSPECT Species Distribution ii.

APPENDIX 3 PROSPECT Data Addition iii.

page 1. PREFACE

This final report is concerned with providing the reader with a full account of the implementation of the International Tropical Timber Organisations (ITTO) two year project, PD 27/92 REV.l (M,I), "Extension and Promotion of an Information System for Tropical Timber Properties to Encourage the Appropriate Use of More Species". The project commenced on 17 July 1993 and was completed on 17 July 1995.

The project was implemented by the University of Oxford (the implementing agency), and executed by the Oxford Forestry Institute (the executing agency).

The primary purpose of this project was to continue developing and updating the computer program known as the PROSPECT database. (Programmed Retrieval of Species by the Property and End-use Classification of their Timbers). This report will concentrate on providing an account of PROSPECT's functions, capabilities and improvements during the course of this project; it will be of interest and relevance to those involved with all aspects of wood utilization and forest management, as well as to all concerned with the wise use of tropical timbers.

Three interim progress reports were submitted at six monthly intervals by the executing agency to the Permanent Committee on Economic Information and Market Intelligence (PCM) of the ITTO. These reports are published under: "Project Work in Progress" and can be found within the following documents.

1. Document: PCM (XIV)/5 pp.4 - 7. 14th Session of PC M, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, 16 - 23 May 1994.

2. Document: PCM (XV)/9 pp.3. 15th Session of PC M, Yokohama, Japan, 8 - 16 November 1994.

3. Document: PCM (XVI)/6 pp. 3 - 4. 16th Session of PCM, Accra, Ghana, 10 - 18th May 1995.

Elements of the above documents are relevant to this final report, and achievements and recommendations contained therein will be referred to and discussed where appropriate. PROSPECT: ITTO completion report page 2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The successful completion of ITTO project: "Extension and Promotion of an Information System for Tropical Timber Properties to Encourage the Appropriate Use of More Species" would not have been possible without the dedicated help and assistance of a wide number of individuals and organisations. The authors wish to acknowledge their contribution towards ensuring the success of this project; we thank them for their expertise, advice and guidance, and for their timely encouragement and support at those times when it was most needed. Much of what has been achieved would not have been possible their experience and kindness.

A special thanks is also extended to all those organisations and individuals, too numerous to list here, who submitted data on specific species and end­ uses; we hope that their efforts will ultimately result in the appropriate and efficient use of the world's tropical timber species. The authors also recognise the valuable contribution made by many ITTO member country delegates who freely gave of their time and advice, and whose comments helped develop the database so that it could be of most use to accommodate their specific country or geographical requirements.

In particular, the authors wish to extend their thanks to the following individuals whose contribution during the course of this project, undoubtedly ensured its success:-

Mr Bob Plumptre, Research Officer, Oxford Forestry Institute. Dr. John Brazier, Project Consultant. Mr Ian Symonds, Overseas Development Administration. British Government. Dr Steven Johnson, Statistician, ITTO Secretariat. Ir. Hans Polman, Department of Forestry, Wageningen Agricultural University. Ir. Maarten Zijp, Department of Forestry, Wageningen Agricultural University. Jan Nico van de Stadt, Consultant. Mr Malcom Allison.

The development of the PROSPECT database has been financed since its inception by the Overseas Development Administration of the British Government, without whose financial support, this project would not have been possible. page 3. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Introduction

This report is the end of project report for the International Tropical Timber Organisations project: "Extension and Promotion of an Information System for Tropical Timber Properties to Encourage the Appropriate Use of More Species". PD 27/92 REV.l (M,I). The name given to this computer information system is PROSPECT, which is an acronym for: Programmed Retrieval of Species by the Property and End-use Classification of their Timbers. PROSPECT's principal function is to provide tropical foresters, research scientists, and those involved with wood utilization with a means of accessing data on tropical timber species. The database concentrates on providing information on those species commonly known or regarded as being lesser used. The main objective of including lesser used species (LUS) on PROSPECT is to increase their economic value and market acceptance, as well as to promote their appropriate use in favour of those species which are deemed to have been over exploited or 'creamed' from the forest.

It should be stated at the outset, that unlike most ITTO projects, the principal result of this project is a usable product. Consequently, although a written report may indicate the quantity of achievements it cannot adequately convey the quality of the database, or how effective it is in use. Only through using or seeing the database can one judge how successful this project has been. Consequently, this report is intentionally concise, (and hopefully devoid of jargon), so that it can be disseminated and understood as internationally as possible.

Project Objectives

The PROSPECT database has been steadily developed since its inception in 1983. The rapid growth in the sophistication and availability of computer systems world-wide has meant that software developers can continually reflect this increased capacity and speed by improving their programs to match. The PROSPECT database is no exception, and it has been suggested for some time that it should be upgraded to enable analytical and evaluative programming techniques to be employed so that end-uses for tropical timber species can be more accurately assessed.

There were two main objectives ofthis two year project:

1. To develop the database so that different woods (essentially physical properties) could be compared. It had been recognised that the need to provide this facility has increased over the past few years because of the tendency within the timber trade to seek alternative species for products, either because of the increasing cost and the declining availability of some species, or because of concerns over the lack of effective forest management to protect PROSPECT: ITTO completion report page 4. forest biodiversity and the environment. Also, timber export agencies wishing to promote 'new' species can often do so successfully by comparing them with common or well known species.

2. To increase the number of species on the database by 440. At the start of the project there were 940 species on the database and on completion 1400 - an addition of 460 species. Appendix 1, lists all species included on version 1.2 of the database by name and distribution, with those added during the course of this project highlighted with an asterisk.

A number of subsidiary objectives have also been achieved:

• Review of recent literature and subsequent data collection from useful publications.

• Visits to, and dissemination of the database, within selected tropical timber producing countries, as well as lectures, talks, and data collection.

• Continuation of data collection to fill in missing data and increase information content for existing species.

• Review of additional species for inclusion in PROSPECT and subsequent data gathering (including 'benchmark' or 'reference' species for purposes of comparison).

• Development of discussions between O.F.I. and Wageningen to avoid duplication of work between PROSPECT and the "MoreLKS" database.

Results

All project objectives have been achieved within the agreed time scale and budget. No difficulties were experienced in either developing version 1.2 or adding the required number of species. Some difficulties were experienced in prioritising species to include on the database. Some had very little technical data available, yet were becoming increasingly important in niche markets because of the "sustainable" manner in which they were being exploited, or because they had a "green" label. It is generally considered however, that of the 460 species added to the database, most had good reason to be included.

In addition, all member countries have been provided with a copy of version 1.1 of the database, addressed to their head delegate at the XVII Session of the ITTC in November 1994. Each copy of the database had an enclosed registration card requesting the eventual recipient of the database to complete and return the card to the Oxford Forestry Institute. The registration form also page 5. explained that this would ensure that version 1.2 (the final product of this project) could be forwarded and correctly addressed to bona fide users free of charge. Various steps have been taken to notify and remind individuals and organisations that version 1.2 is ready for dispatch. Therefore, if users have a copy of the PROSPECT database and registration form clearly marked as a "Complimentary Copy", they should return this form to receive their update version 1.2 of PROSPECT. Instructions as to how to do this appear on the form itself.

At the XVI Session of the International Timber Council in May 1994 (Cartagena) it was agreed by Council that the Oxford Forestry Institute could levy a charge for the PROSPECT database, provided that each member country received a complimentary copy. In this respect, the project staff are committed to ensuring that all complimentary copies of 1.1 are updated with version 1.2, but this is obviously dependant on these versions being registered.

Discussion and collaboration with colleagues developing the 'MoreLKS' database at Wageningen were most helpful and constructive, and many improvements to our respective databases were made possible through the mutual exchange of concepts and ideas.

Conclusions

The objectives of the project have been fulfilled without omission, and although the final figure has yet to be confirmed, the project has been completed within budget. Given the variety of reasons that users may have to compare species for end-uses, the method used to guide the user through the program menu options so that the optimum path is selected, without undue complication or difficulty, is considered the best possible.

The species added to the database reflect the increasing interest in lesser used species which are becoming available because of the way in which they are being harvested, marketed, or because they carry a 'green label'. It is assumed that the preference for certain LDS is likely to continue, although the actual species in favour may vary as availability, fashion, and market forces change. As producer countries strive to develop their secondary wood processing industries, databases such as PROSPECT should continue to be developed so as to reflect the needs of these industries, whilst also allowing consumer countries access to relevant information so that species can be assessed for product suitability and compliance with local conditions of service. PROSPECT: ITTO completion report page 6. PROGRAM DEVELOPMENTS

Comparing Species

Version 1.1 of the PROSPECT database enabled users to search stored data on 1050 species lesser-known, mainly tropical timber species, from all areas of the world. It recorded information on taxonomy and distribution for each species as well as data on some 91 timber properties and 175 end-uses. The features of the timber were defined by a list of possible descriptions for each characteristic. The system had the capability to record up to 20 different data sources for each timber property as well as the relevant conditions under which they were evaluated. These multiple data entries could be displayed to illustrate any variation of opinion in the published literature and allowed users to make their own interpretation of the data. As well as providing data from some 1600 references, the database also allowed species to be evaluated for a given end-use, or end-uses could be evaluated for a given species.

This direct analysis of species and end-uses has proved to be a valuable tool in providing users with the information necessary to improve the efficiency with which wood can be used. However, the one limitation of this version was that species could not be directly compared.

If the use of a wider range of species is to be encouraged, then LUS are likely to be used as alternatives for the more common species, whose behavioural and technical properties are generally well documented. The reluctance to use new species is often based on the fear of the unknown, and one of the best ways of encouraging the use of more species is to compare them with those that are tried and tested so that the effects of their limitations (if any), can be assessed and quantified.

Although version 1.2 of PROSPECT contains many of the features found in version 1.1, the methods used to search and display data have been changed, primarily to improve ease of use. Developing a facility to compare species properties directly may at first sight seem to be a relatively straight forward exercise. It is fairly obvious however, that a species suitability is end-use dependant, and as there are 175 end-uses recorded on PROSPECT, (each with a number of property requirements used to determine suitability), then it becomes apparent that to achieve this objective it is also necessary to include a method of comparing properties related to end-uses. This makes the process of comparing species significantly more difficult, when in addition, the reasons for wanting to compare species are also taken into account.

The easiest way of clarifying these inter-relationships is to explain the options available to the user in the section of the database concerned with evaluating and comparing species. page 7. The comparison of species is based on the relationship between the physical properties of a species (with which the user mayor may not be familiar), and the physical properties of other species. The properties selected are usually based on those considered important for a product or end-use. This method of comparing species is essentially a process which is subsequent to that of evaluating species for an end-use, in other words, an evaluation is undertaken (which may involve one or more species), and it is then, that these species can be sequentially compared with each other.

The user must essentially construct a list of search properties for which specific descriptors (property levels) may be specified. In version 1.2, these search criteria may be defined in one of the four ways indicated on the display in Fig. 1, which are described below.

After having made the selection: Species evaluation and comparison from the main menu, the following options appear.

16111 SEARCH 1111 L.!o=II ==searC=h Search CriteriaCrit=eria =~IIIBI properties manually selected levels manually selected

no property requirements defined ~; '~~

use END to append properties manually I~I use F4 to read previously saved criteriac~ite~ia from file ~ use F5 to read end-use-related crlterlacriteria 1i use F6 to set properties from prime list .'r ~& ~ :.,!

L,~""",,",I~.i'~""'""~"""'~""'";-:V""·M:i""~""··~"""~""";ilt""u;;;;IIW~"'"~""~~"'.~!ill"~.i'~~M:i~'#w'~~~~({~'i"~~~;';~~""'·""""'·""'E·'·-""·"·""··i:~""··""''''·'''''·"'i:'''''··~r~''''~'''''"'l?~"'"""··""·::::.~~""····""···i~""·--;-~~~·~

tt=;=move,t~=move, INS=insert, END=append, DEL=remove, F2=print, F3=clear, ESC=done F4=read file, F5=read end-use, F6=prime props, F7=levels from data, F8=levels off

FIG. 1 Species evaluation and comparison

1. Append properties manually: Allows the user to select a range of properties (from a list of 91). The levels of each property can then be defined by selection to suit requirements, or can be selected from the system for a species with which the user is familiar. Likewise, property criteria for a specific end-use can also be defined, again - based either on user familiarity and entered manually, or on pre-defined 'system' criteria.

2. Read criteria from previously saved file. Selected properties and levels can be retrieved from files saved from previous work sessions and applied as described above.

3. Read enduse-related criteria. Properties and levels can be end-use related because they are considered necessary for that end-use or to make a product. In this option, the user selects an end-use and the properties and levels can be used as "extracted" or edited further before the species search is initiated. PROSPECT [ITO completion report page 8.

4. Set properties from prime list: As there are 91 properties on PROSPECT, the user may find that the same selection of properties are often used for comparisons. These selected properties are classed as prime properties, and can be retrieved from a sub-menu as such. A pre-defined list of prime properties is supplied with PROSPECT, and this can be edited to suit user requirements. Once retrieved, levels for these properties are then set and the search performed as described previously.

These four options allows the user to 'customise' the comparison of species in a manner which is flexible and constructive. Furthermore, criteria defined by the user, can be saved to file for subsequent retrieval and editing thus allowing evaluations and comparisons to be 'fine tuned'.

These property criteria can then be used to compare any two species from the resulting evaluation. The result of comparing the modulus of elasticity of two species: Nauclea diderrichii and Hymenaea courbaril is shown below (Fig.2). The selected levels of this property are indicated by flashing arrows.

1 Comparison 11 11~IIII SEARCH 11 ~II===:==:===:=s=:====Peci=:===;=es species c=;:=ompar=:=;=ison=====:=:=;:===::!...I11 '------'------­ ~ modulus of elasticity/bendingelast1c1. . ty/bending stiffness Nauclea Hymenaea diderrichii courbaril

very low 111 I

low 133 000 13:3 IIII11 B medium » 1151_11_1.[Ioooo0JJOooIJ00151_1.1_I.J:J.0000DJJQooIJ00 1._1[j000[j __ high »3» :3 "Q _ 122 00 very high » ~------~------~ o unspecified I green 012% to 15% m.c.

tPgUp=prev, f'2=print, Fll=def,Fl1=def, other=next, ESC=quit

Fig. 2. Nauclea diderrichii and Hymenaea courbaril: comparing M.o.E.

Definitions, supplementary textual data, aesthetics.

The program developer has implemented a number of improvements to the system so that data can be accessed and presented in a more 'user friendly' manner. This general objective was realised as becoming increasingly important as the sophistication of the program and data addition progressed. The evaluation of species for uses and uses for species is a fairly complicated procedure, and no matter how effectively undertaken, needs to be accomplished with the users understanding and participation. Accordingly, the 'on line' help facility has been extended so that the user can access explanation, instruction, and definitions at all points of the program by pressing the 'Fl' key (function key number 1). page 9.

Consideration has been given to program aesthetics, as user involvement with the system is more likely to be achieved if the system 'looks good' and 'behaves well'. Layout, (in terms of menu selection and data output) is now presented in a simple, but well structured manner.

The system can now be configured to suit individual display requirements; a range of colour options can be selected for evaluation display results.

In addition, two facilities exist for entering and accessing textual data:

(i) comments on a specific property related to a specific species.

(ii) comments on a specific property, (usually a definition of the property, how the data should be interpreted, and which other related properties may provide additional information).

These additional facilities have proved to be of considerable benefit where authors have clarified and explained, (for example), what at first sight may appear to be contradictory data. The user is reminded by the message line at the bottom of the screen that such textual data is available.

Conclusions

The addition of the facility to compare species directly has significantly improved the usefulness of the PROSPECT database. Furthermore, by improving the overall aesthetics in terms of ease of use and presentation, a 'substantial developmental step has been taken to ensure that the system will provide a large variety of users with a considerable volume of information on 1400 of the world's tropical timber species. PROSPECT: ITTO completion report page 10. DATA ADDITION

Species

Appendix 1 lists all 1400 species on the PROSPECT database by botanical name and authority. The 460 species which have been added to the database since the start of this ITTO project are marked with an asterisk. The distribution code number following each species refers to the species geographical distribution as defined in Appendix 2.

Most of the 460 species added to the database have merited inclusion by request or recommendation. Some species had sufficient data recorded for instant addition, but most required literature searches and data abstraction before addition.

Further analysis reveals that the species added are evenly distributed with respect to their occurrence from the three main tropical timber regions of the world. Most species have sufficient physical property data to enable evaluations to be undertaken with reasonable accuracy, but this depends on the specific set of properties selected.

Data on taxonomy, common names, trade names, and distribution are generally readily available, although their accuracy requires tedious confirmation which was not always possible. Consequently, the accuracy of such information is eontinually under review, and thus amended as appropriate.

End-uses and physical properties

There are now 175 end-uses recorded on PROSPECT, 52 of these have had their property requirements defined, and are termed "system defined criteria". These end-use criteria can be used as templates to establish "user defined criteria" which reflect the specific requirements of the database user, thus enabling species to be more accurately evaluated for a product or end-use. Likewise, end-uses or products can be evaluated for a species. The remaining 123 end-uses have not had criteria pre-defined because of the variation (and thus applicability) of such a definition being of sufficient accuracy to be of use. Agricultural implements would be such an end-use, where the range of possible products is so immense that pre-defining property requirements would be of little help. In such cases, the database user (via on-line help), is encouraged and aided to establish property requirements which not just reflect the specific agricultural implement, but also local conditions of service.

Although the obvious method to assess the amount of data added to PROSPECT during the two year term of this project is to concentrate on the number of species added, a considerable volume of supplementary data has been included to improve the status of the other 940 species. Appendix 3, page 11. Tables 1 and 2, compares the volume of data on the system before and after the term of this project. These tables clearly show that although the number of species added increased by almost 50% the number of data items more than doubled. In other words, as much data were added to the existing species on the database as were added by way of new species. This additional data has been sourced because it was recognised that several significant texts and other publications had not been previously included. This has improved the overall status and performance of the system as much as the addition of the 460 specIes.

References

All data used to evaluate and compare species, as well as recorded end-uses, are related to the literature. This facility has been improved during the term of this project by the addition of a further 148 references, providing a total of 1748 literature sources. Many of these additions comprise of more recent publications which have been added to the Oxford Forestry Institute's Library over the past five years.

Conclusions

The information added to the PROSPECT database has exceeded project objectives. A total of 460 species has been added to the system, and total data items have more than doubled, indicating that as much data has been added to supplement existing species as has been added in the form of additional speCIes.

~ ~ 0 rJl ~ > ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ rJl "'C ~ ~ ....~ S< ~ ~ rI.l ....r ...... rI.l

Appendix 1 : PROSPECT species list pagei. Species name Distribution code Species name Distribution code Amyris elemifera L. 2 9 19 Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del. 3 4 6 8 14 16 18 Amyris simplicifolia Karst. 2 12 Balanocarpus heimii King 11 13 *Anacardium excelsum (Bert & Balb) Skeels 2 12 19 Balfourodendron riedelianum Engl. 12 Anacardium occidentale L. 2 6 7 9 12 16 19 Balsamodendron mukul Hook. ex Stocks 16 Anadenanthera macrocarpa (Benth.) Brenan 12 Banara guianensis Aubl. 2 12 18 *Andira coriacea 2 12 19 Baphia nitida Lodd. 2 6 18 *Andira inermis (H.B.K.) (Wright) D.C. 2 8 12 18 19 Baphia pubescens Hook. f. 6 12 18 *Andira surinamensis (Bondt) Splitg. ex Pulle 12 Barringtonia acutangula Gaertn. 1 13 16 Androstachys johnsonii Prain 3 15 Barringtonia scortechinii King 13 Angelesia splendens Korth. 13 Barringtonia speciosa Forst. 13 16 Aniba ovalifolia Mez 12 Bastardiopsis densiflora Hassl. 12 *Aningeria adolfi-friederici Robyns & Gilbert 3 4 *Beilschmiedia kweo (Mildbr.) Robyns & Wilczek 4 Aningeria altissima (A.Chev.) Aubr. & Pellegr. 4 6 8 18 Beilschmiedia mannii (Meissn.) Benth. & Hook. f. 6 18 Anisophyllea laurina R.Br. 12 18 Beilschmiedia mexicana (Mez) Kosterm. 2 12 *Anisoptera costata Korth. 1 13 Beilschmiedia spp. 4 6 18 Anisoptera curtisii Dyer ex King 13 Beilschmiedia tawa (A.Cunn.) Kirk 1 Anogeissus acuminata Wall. 13 16 Bellucia costaricensis 2 Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC.) Guill. & Perr. 4 6 8 18 Belotia panamensis pitt. 2 Anona glabra L. 9 19 Berlinia auriculata Benth. 18 Anona squamosa L. 12 16 19 Berlinia bracteosa Benth. 6 18 *Anopyxis kleineana (Pierre) Engl. 6 18 Berlinia grandiflora (Vahl) Hutch. & Dalz. 18 Anthocephalus chinensis (Lam.) A.Rich. ex Walp. 1 5 11 13 16 Berrya cordifolia (willd.) Burret 1 11 13 16 Antiaris africana Engl. 4 6 8 18 *Bersama abyssinica Fres. 3 4 18 Antiaris spp. 4 6 18 Bertiera guianensis Aubl. 12 Antidesma ghaesembilla Gaertn. 13 16 Betula alnoides Ham. 13 16 Antrocaryon micraster A.Chev. & Guill. 4 6 18 Billia columbiana Planch. & Lind. 2 12 Apeiba aspera Aubl. 2 12 Bischofia javanica Blume 1 4 5 11 13 16 Aphanamixis rohituka Pierre 5 13 16 Bixa orellana L. 2 9 12 19 Aphananthe philippinensis Planch. 1 13 Blastemanthus grandiflorus Spruce 12 *Apodytes dimidiata E.Mey ex Bernh. 7- 4 13 15 *Blepharocarya involucrigera F.Muell. 1 Aporosa aurea Hook. f. 13 Blighia sapida Koenig 2 6 16 18 19 Aporosa maingayi Hook. f. 13 *Blighia unijugata Bak. 4 18 Aporosa nigricans Hook. f. 13 Boehmeria rugulosa Wedd. 13 16 *Aporrhiza talbotii Bak.f 18 Bombacopsis quinata (Jacq.) Dugand 2 12 Apuleia leiocarpa (Vog.) Macbride 12 Bombacopsis sepium pitt. 12 Aquilaria malaccensis Lam. 13 16 Bombax ceiba L. 1 5 13 16 18 Aralidium pinnatifidum Miq. 13 16 Bonyunia aquatica Ducke 12 Arbutus unedo L. 16 17 Boschia griffithii Mast. 13 16 Ardisia lanceolata Roxb. 13 Bouea burmanica Griff. 13 16 Aromadendron elegans Bl. 13 Bouea macrophylla Griff. 13 Arthrophyllum diversifolium Blume 13 Bourreria ovata Miers 2 19 Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg 1 2 7 11 13 16 18 19 Bowdichia nitida Spruce ex Benth. 12 Artocarpus bracteata Hook. f 13 Brachylaena hutchinsii Hutch. 4 Artocarpus calophylla Kurz 16 Brachystegia cynometroides Harms 6 18 Artocarpus gomeziana Wall. 13 16 Brachystegia eurycoma Harms 6 18 *Aspidosperma album (Vahl) R.Ben ex P. 12 Brachystegia mildbraedii Harms 3 4 6 *Aspidosperma megalocarpon Mull. Arg 2 12 Brachystegia spiciformis Benth. 3 4 6 Aspidosperma peroba S.da Gama. 12 Brassaiopsis hainla Seem. 13 16 Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco Schl. 12 Bravaisia integerrima Standl. 2 12 19 Asteriastigma macrocarpa Bedd. 16 *Bridelia micrantha (Hochst.) Baill. 6 15 18 Asteropeia rhopaloides Bak. 6 7 *Brosimum alicastrum Sw. 2 12 19 *Astronium fraxinifolium Schott. 12 Brosimum caloxylon Standl. 2 *Astronium graveolens Jacq. 2 12 19 Brosimum costaricanum Liebm. 2 Astronium le-cointei Ducke 12 Brosimum paraense Hub. 2 12 Atamisquea emarginata Miers 2 12 *Brosimum utile (HBK) Pittier 2 12 Atherosperma moschatum Labill. 1 Broussonetia papyrifera Vent. 1 5 11 13 16 Aucoumea klaineana Pierre 6 Brya ebenus DC. 19 Autranella congolensis (De wild.) A.Chev. 6 15 18 Buchanania lancifolia Roxb. 13 16 Averrhoa bilimbi L. 13 16 Buchanania lanzan Spreng. 13 16 Averrhoa carambola L. 13 16 Buchenavia capitata (Vahl) Eichl. 2 12 19 *Avicennia nitida Jacq 2 9 12 13 18 19 *Bucida buceras L. 2 12 19 Azadirachta indica A.Juss. 4 8 11 13 14 16 Bucklandia populnea R.Br. 13 16 Baccaurea motleyana Muell.Arg. 13 Bulnesia arborea Engl. 12 Bagassa guianensis Aubl. 12 Bumelia obtusifolia R.& Sch. 12 *Baikiaea insignis Benth. 4 Burkea africana Hook. 3 4 8 15 18 Baikiaea plurijuga Harms 3 15 *Bursera simaruba (L.) Sarg. 2 9 12 19 Baillonella toxisperma Pierre 3 6 18 Bussea occidentalis Hutch. 3 15 18 Appendix 1: PROSPECT species list page ii. Species name Distribution code Species name Distribution code Butea monosperma (Lamk.) Taub. 13 16 *Castanospermum australe Cunn. & Fraser 1 11 13 16 Butea superba Roxb. 16 Castela coccinea Griseb. 12 Byrsonima coriacea (Sw.) DC. 2 12 19 *Castilla elastica Cerv. 2 9 12 19 Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) H.B.K. 2 9 12 19 Castilla fallax Cook 2 Byrsonima spicata (Cav.) DC. 2 12 19 *Casuarina equisetifolia Forst. 1 4 13 Cabralea cangerana SaId. 12 Casuarina litorea L. 1 5 11 12 13 14 15 16 18 Cabralea oblongifoliola C.DC. 12 Casuarina torulosa Dryand. ex Ait. 1 Cadaba trifoliata W.& A. 16 Catalpa longissima Jacq. 19 *Caesalpinia coriaria (Jacq.) Willd. 2 6 12 16 19 *Catostemma fragrans Benth. 12 Caesalpinia granadillo Pittier 2 12 Cavanillesia platanifolia H.B.K. 2 12 Caesalpinia sappan L. 13 16 Cecropia juranyana A.Rich. 12 Calatola costaricensis StandI. 2 Cecropia obtusifolia Bertol. 2 Caldcluvia paniculata Don 12 *Cecropia peltata L. 12 19 Calliandra guildingii Benth. 19 *Cedrela fissilis VeIl. 12 Callicarpa arborea Roxb. 13 16 *Cedrela odorata L. 2 12 19 Calodendrum capense (L.f.) Thunb. 1 3 4 15 *Cedrela toona Roxb. 1 13 16 Caloncoba brevi pes Gilg 18 *Cedrelinga catanaeformis Ducke 12 Calophyllum brasiliense Camb. 2 9 10 12 19 *Ceiba occidentalis Burk. 12 19 Calophyllum costatum F.M.Bail. 1 Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. 1 2 6 11 12 13 15 16 18 19 *Calophyllum kajewskii A.C. Smith 111 Celtis adolfi-friderici Engl. 4 6 8 18 *Calophyllum leucocarpum A.C.Smith 11 *Celtis africana Burm. f. 3 4 6 8 15 18 *Calophyllum vitiense Turr. 1 11 Celtis australis L. 16 17 Calpocalyx brevibracteatus Harms 6 18 Celtis durandii Engl. 3 4 6 18 Calycolpus glaber (Benth.) Berg 12 Celtis mildbraedii Engl. 3 4 6 8 18 Calycophyllum candidissimum (Vahl) DC. 2 12 19 Celtis philippensis Blanco 1 6 11 13 18 *Calycophyllum spruceanum (Benth.) Hook 12 Celtis prantlii Priemer ex Engl. 6 18 Calyptranthes pallens Griseb. 9 19 Celtis zenkeri Engl. 3 4 6 8 18 Calyptranthes zuzygium (L.) Sw. 19 Centrolobilim paraense Tul. 12 Calyptrella cucullata Triana 12 Centrolobium patinense Pittier 2 12 Campnosperma auriculata (Bl.) Hook. f. 13 Centronia excelsa (Bonpl.) Triana 12 Camptostemon philippinense (vidal) Beccari 13 Cephalosphaera usambarensis (Warb.) Warb. 3 4 Canangium odoratum (Lam.) Baill. 1 11 13 16 Ceratonia siliqua L. 8 14 17 19 Canarium euphyllum Kurz 11 13 16 18 Ceratopetalum apetalum D.Don 1 Canarium schweinfurthii Engl. 3 4 6 8 18 Cerbera odollam Gaertn. 11 13 16 Canella winterana (L.) Gaertn. 9 12 19 Cercidiphyllum japonicum S.& Z. 5 Canotia holacantha Torr. 2 9 Cercidium praecox (R. & P.) Harms 2 12 *Canthium rubrocostatum Robyns 4 Cercis canadensis L. 2 9 Capparis cynophallophora L. 2 9 19 Ceriops tagal C.B.Rob. 1 4 7 11 13 Carallia calycina Thw. 16 Cervantesia colombiana A.C.Smith 12 *Carapa guianensis Aubl. 2 12 19 Cestrum macrophyllum Vent. 2 Carapa procera DC. 2 3 6 12 18 19 Cestrum panamense StandI. 2 Carapa slateri StandI. 2 12 Chaetocarpus castanocarpus Thw. 13 16 Cardwellia sublimis F.Muell. 1 Chilopsis linearis P.DC. 2 9 Careya arborea Roxb. 13 16 Chlorocardium rodiaei 12 19 Cariniana excelsa Casar. 12 Chlorophora tinctoria (L.) Gaud. 2 12 19 Cariniana legalis (Mart.) Kuntze 12 *Chloroxylon swietenia (B.C.) 16 Carissa spp. 3 4 15 18 *Chorisia insignis H.B.K. 12 Carpodiptera cubensis Griseb. 19 *Chorisia speciosa St Hill. 12 Caryocar costaricense Donn.Sm. 2 12 Christiania africana DC. 3 6 8 12 18 *Caryocar glabrum Pers. 12 18 Chrysochlamys membranacea Tr. & PI. 2 12 *Caryocar villosum Pers. 12 *Chrysophyllum albidum G.Don 4 14 18 *Casearia battiscombei R.E.Fries 3 4 Chrysophyllum cainito L. 2 9 12 19 Casearia dinklagei Gilg 18 Chrysophyllum oliviforme L. 2 9 19 *Casearia engleri Gilg. 4 *Chrysophyllum perpulchrum Mildr. ex Hutch & Dalz. 4 18 *Cassia nodosa (Roxb.) K & S.Larsen 5 11 13 16 Chrysophyllum sanguinolentum (Pierre) Monach. 12 Cassia siamea Lamk. 1 4 5 11 13 16 18 19 Chukrasia tabularis A.Juss. 5 13 16 Cassia timoriensis DC. 13 16 Chytroma idatimon Miers 12 19 *Cassine buchananii Loes. 4 7 15 Cinchona ledgeriana Moens ex Trimen 12 Cassine crocea O.Ktze 7 15 Cinnamomum camphora Nees. & Eberm. 5 13 15 16 Cassipourea afzelii (Oliv.) Alston 18 Cinnamomum iners Reinw. 13 Cassipourea elliptica Poir. 19 Cinnamomum parthenoxylon Meissn. 5 13 Cassipourea malosana (Bak.) Alston 4 15 Cipadessa fruticosa Bl. 13 16 Cassipourea verticil lata N.E.Br. 3 Citharexylum caudatum L. 2 9 12 19 Castanopsis cuspidata Schott 5 Citharexylum fruticosum L. 19 Castanopsis junghuhnii (Miq.) Hayata 1 Citharexylum macradenium Greenm. 2 Castanopsis kawakamii Hayata 5 Citrus aurantium L. 2 5 9 10 12 13 19 Castanopsis sumatrana A.DC. 16 Citrus medica L. 2 12 16 19 Appendix l: .. P ROSPECT species list page iii. Species name Distribution code Species name Distribution code Clarisia racemosa R.& P. 2 12 Croton oblongifolius Roxb. 13 16 *Clathrotropis brachypetala 12 19 Croton robustus Kurz 13 *Clathrotropis macrocarpa Ducke 12 Crudia obliqua Griseb. 12 Cleistanthus collinus Benth. 16 Crypteronia paniculata Blume. 13 16 Cleistanthus myrianthus Kurz 13 16 Cryptocarya chinensis Hemsl. 5 Cleistopholis glauca Pierre ex Engl. & Diels 6 18 Ctenolophon englerianus Mildbr. 6 18 Cleistopholis patens (Benth.) Engl. & Diels. 3 4 6 18 Ctenolophon grandifolius Oliv. 13 Clerodendron disparifolium BI. 13 Cuervea kappleriana (Miq.) A.C.Smith 2 Clethra lanata Mart. & Gal. 2 Cullenia exarillata A.Robyns 16 Clidemia naevula (Naud.) Triana 12 Cunonia capensis L. 15 *Clusia rosea 2 12 19 Curtisia faginea Ait. 3 15 Cneorum trimerum (Urb.) Chod. 19 Cussonia arborea Hochst. ex A.Rich. 3 4 6 18 Cochlospermum orinoccense Steud. 12 Cyclobalanopsis gilva Oerst. 5 Coelocaryon oxycarpum Stapf 18 Cyclobalanopsis morii (Hayata) Hayata 5 *Coelocaryon preussii Warb. 6 18 Cylicodiscus gabunensis (Taub.) Harms 6 18 Coelostegia griffithii Benth. 13 16 Cynometra alexandri C.H.Wright 4 6 15 18 Cola acuminata (P.Beauv.) Schott & Endl. 3 18 *Cynometra insularis A.C. Smith 11 Cola spp. 4 18 Cynometra megalophylla Harms 18 Colophospermum mopane (J.Kirk ex Benth.) J.Leonard 3 4 15 16 Cynometra polyandra Roxb. 1 5 13 16 Colubrina arborescens (Mill.) Sarg. 2 9 19 Cynometra ramiflora L. 1 11 13 16 Colubrina cubensis (Jacq.) Brongn. 9 19 Cyrilla racemiflora L. 2 9 12 19 Colubrina reclinata (L'Her.) Brongn. 2 9 19 Dacryodes buettneri (Engl.) J.H.Lam. 6 Columbia floribunda Kurz 13 Dacryodes edulis (G.Don) H.J.Lam 3 18 Combretum binderianum Kotschy 4 6 8 18 *Dacryodes igaganga Aubr. & Pell. 6 18 Combretum lamprocarpum Diels 6 8 18 Dactylocladus stenostachys Oliv. 13 *Combretum schumannii Engl. 4 Dalbergia cearensis Ducke 12 Compsoneura sprucei (A.DC.) Warb. 2 12 Dalbergia frutescens Britton 12 Condalia lineata A.Gray 12 Dalbe·cgia latifolia Roxb. 13 16 Condalia obovata Hook. 2 9 Dalbergia melanoxylon Guill. & Perr. 3 4 6 8 15 16 18 Conocarpus erectus L. 2 9 10 12 18 19 Dalbergia nigra Fr.Allem. 12 Conopharyngia durissima Stapf 18 Dalbergia oliveri Gamble 13 16 Conostegia xalapensis (Bonpl.) D.Don 2 Dalbergia retusa Hemsl. 2 12 Copaifera mildbraedii Harms 6 18 *Dalbergia sissoo DC. 13 14 16 Copaifera panamensis (Britton) Standley 2 Dalbergia stevensonii StandI. 2 *Cordia africana Lam. 3 4 8 18 *Daniellia klainei A.Chev. 6 *Cordia alliodora Oken 2 12 19 *Daniellia ogea (Harms) Holland 6 18 Cordia caffra Sond. 15 *Daniellia oliveri (Rolfe) Hutch. & Dalziel 3 4 6 8 18 Cordia dichotoma Forst. f. 1 5 11 13 16 *Daniellia thurifera Bennett 6 18 Cordia dodecandra DC. 2 12 Daphnandra micrantha Benth. 1 Cordia gerascanthus L. 2 9 12 19 Daphniphyllum lancifolium Hook. 13 Cordia goeldiana Hub. 12 Daphniphyllum macropodium Miq. 5 *Cordia millenii Bak. 4 18 Daphnopsis macrophylla Gilg 2 6 12 19 Cordia obliqua willd. 16 19 Daphnopsis philippiana Krug & Urban 19 Cordia spp. (African) 4 6 18 Dehaasia curtisii Gamble 13 Cordia trichotoma VeIl. ex Steud. 12 *Delonix regia (Hook.)Raf. 2 7 9 10 12 19 Cordyla africana Lour. 3 4 6 8 15 18 Deplanchea bancana V.Steenis 13 Cornus macrophylla Wall. 16 Dermatocalyx parviflora Oerst. 2 Cornus peruviana Macbride 12 Desbordesia glaucescens (Engl.) Van Tiegh. 6 18 Cornus sanguinea L. 16 17 Desmostachys vogelii Stapf 18 Cosmocalyx spectabilis Standley 2 *Detarium senegalense J.Gmelin 6 8 18 Cotylelobium malayanum V.SI. 13 *Dialium guianense willd. 2 12 Coula edulis Baill. 6 18 Dialium spp. 3 4 5 6 13 18 Coumarouna oleifera (Benth.) Taub. 2 Dialyanthera otoba Warb. 2 12 Couratari panamensis Standley 2 Dichrostachys glomerata (Forsk.) Chiov. 3 4 6 15 18 19 Couroupita darienensis Pittier 2 Dicorynia guianensis Amsh. 12 Couroupita odoratissima Seem. 2 *Didymopanax morototoni (Aubl) Dene et Planch. 2 12 19 Coutarea hexandra K.Schum. 2 12 Dillenia reticulata King 13 Craibiodendron shanicum w.W.Smith 16 Dimorphocalyx malayanus Hook. 13 Crataegus oxyacantha L. 6 Dinizia excelsa Ducke 12 Cratoxylon arborescens (Vahl) BI. 13 Diospyros abyssinica (Hiern.) F.White 3 4 6 8 18 *Crescentia cujete L. 2 9 12 19 Diospyros alboflavescens (Gurke) F.White 18 Crinodendron tucumanum Lillo 12 Diospyros atropurpurea Gurke 6 18 Croton argyratus BI. 13 16 Diospyros batocana Hiern 3 6 Croton glabellus Linn. 2 12 19 Diospyros bipindensis Gurke 18 Croton joufra Roxb. 13 16 Diospyros brachiata King & Gamble 13 16 *Croton macrostachyus Hochst. ex Rich. 4 6 Diospyros burmanica Kurz 13 16 Croton megalocarpus Hutch. 3 4 6 Diospyros confertiflora (Hiern) Bakh. 13 18 Appendix 1: PROSPECT species list page iv. Species name Distribution code Species name Distribution code Diospyros crassiflora Hiern. 6 18 Endospermum malaccense Muell.Arg. 13 Diospyros ehretioides Wall. 13 16 Engelhardtia formosana Hayata 5 Diospyros ferrea (Willd.) Bakh. 1 4 5 11 13 16 18 Engelhardtia nudiflora Hook. 1 13 Diospyros gabunensis Gurke 3 6 18 Engelhardtia pterocarpa (Oerst.) StandI. 2 Diospyros hoyleana F.White 3 6 18 Engelhardtia roxburghiana Lindl. 5 13 16 Diospyros insculpta Hutch. & Dalz. 18 Engelhardtia spicata BI. 5 13 16 Diospyros kaki L. f. 5 Enicosanthum fuscum (King) Airy-Shaw. 13 Diospyros kamerunensis Gurke 6 18 Entada abyssinica Steud. ex A.Rich. 3 4 6 8 18 Diospyros mannii Hiern 6 18 Entandrophragma angolense (Welw.) C.DC. 3 4 6 15 18 *Diospyros marmorata Parker 13 Entandrophragma candollei Harms 3 6 18 Diospyros melanida Poir. 4 7 Entandrophragma cylindricum Sprague 4 6 15 18 Diospyros mespiliformis (Hochst.) ex A.DC. 3 4 14 15 18 Entandrophragma utile (Dawe & Sprague) Sprague 4 6 15 18 *Diospyros sanza-minika (A. Chev.) 6 18 *Enterolobium cyclocarpum (Jacq.) Griseb. 2 12 19 Diospyros senensis Klotzsch 6 *Enterolobium schomburgkii Benth. 12 Diospyros soyauxii Gurke et K.Schum. 18 Eperua falcata Aubl. 12 *Diospyros spp. 4 7 13 18 *Eperua grandiflora (Aubl.) Benth. 12 Diospyros squarrosa Klotzsch 4 Erblichia odorata Seem. 2 Diospyros suaveolens Guerke 6 18 Eremophila bignoniflora F.Muell. 1 Diospyros tesselaria Poir. 4 7 Eremophila mitchellii Benth. 1 Diospyros thomasii Hutch. & Dalz. 18 Erinocarpus nimmoanus Grah. 16 Diospyros xanthochlamys Gurke 18 Eriobotrya bengalensis Hook. f. 13 16 *Dipholis salicifolia (L) ADC. 2 9 19 Eriolaena candollei Wall. 13 16 Diphysa robinioides Benth. 2 9 12 Eriolaena quinquelocularis Wight 16 Diplodiscus paniculatus Turczaninow 13 Eriolaena spectabilis Planch. 16 Diplorhynchus condylocarpon (Muell. Arg.) Pichon 3 Erithalis fruticosa L. 19 *Diplotropis martiusii Benth. 12 Ervatamia corymbosa King & Gamble 13 Diplotropis purpurea (Rich.) Amsh. 12 Erythrina berteroana Urb. 2 9 12 19 Dipteroca:cpus rotundifolius Foxworthy 13 *Erythrina glauca willd. 2 12 19 *Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. 5 13 16 Erythrina mildbraedii Harms 4 6 18 Dipterodendron costaricense Radlk. 2 Erythrophleum africanum (Benth.) Harms 3 4 6 15 18 *Dipteryx odorata Willd. 2 12 19 *Erythrophleum guineense G.Don 4 6 15 18 Discoglypremna caloneura (Pax) Prain 4 6 18 Erythrophleum ivorense A.Chev. 3 4 6 18 Discophora panamensis Standley 2 12 *Erythrophleum suaveolens (Guill. & Perr.) Brenan 3 4 6 18 Distemonanthus benthamianus Baill. 6 18 Erythrospermum phytolaccoides Gard. 16 Distylium racemosum S. & z. 5 Erythroxylum mannii Oliv. 6 18 Doerpfeldia cubensis Urb. 19 Escallonia micrantha Mattf. 12 *Dombeya goetzenii K.Schum 4 Escallonia myrtillioides L. 12 Doona trapezifolia Thw. 16 Eschweilera amara (Aubl.) Ndz. 12 *Dorstenia kameruniana Engl. 2 3 4 6 18 Eschweilera calyculata pitt. 12 *Doryphora sassafras Endl. 1 *Eschweilera longpipes Miers 12 *Dracontomelon mangiferum Blume 1 13 *Eschweilera odora (Poepp.) Miers 12 Drimys granatensis L. f. 2 12 *Eschweilera sagotiana Miers 12 Dryobalanops aromatica Gaertn. f. 13 *Eschweilera subglandulosa Miers. 12 19 *Drypetes brownii StandI. 2 Esenbeckia alata (Karst. & Tr.) Tr. & PI. 12 Drypetes diversifolia Krug & Urb. 19 Esenbeckia atata pitt. 12 Drypetes lateriflora (Sw.) Krug & Urb. 9 19 Esenbeckia pilocarpoides H.B.K. 9 12 19 Drypetes macrophylla Pax & K.Hoffm. 13 Esenbeckia spp. 2 9 12 Drypetes principum (Muell.Arg.) Hutch. 6 18 *Eucalyptus botryoides Srn. 1 Duabanga grandiflora (Roxb. ex DC.) Walp. 13 16 Eucalyptus calophylla R.Br. 1 15 16 18 Duboisia myoporoides R.Br. 1 11 *Eucalyptus camaldulensis 1 Dyera costulata Hook. f. 13 *Eucalyptus citriodora Hook 1 11 Dysoxylum fraseranum Benth. 1 *Eucalyptus corymbosa Srn. 1 *Dysoxylum richii C.DC 1 11 13 *Eucalyptus deglupta BI. 1 11 13 Ehretia acuminata R.Br. 1 5 13 16 *Eucalyptus delegatensis R.T. Bak. 1 Ehretia anacuna (Berl.) Johnston 2 9 *Eucalyptus diversicolor F.v.M. 1 Ehretia cymosa Thonn. 3 18 Eucalyptus globulus Labill. 1 4 9 11 12 15 16 Ehretia tinifolia L. 2 19 *Eucalyptus grandis Maid. 1 Ekebergia capensis Sparrm. 3 15 *Eucalyptus maculata Hook. 1 *Ekebergia rueppelliana (Fresen) A.Rich 4 *Eucalyptus maidenii F.Muell. 1 Ekmanianthe actinophylla (Gris.) Urb. 19 *Eucalyptus marginata Srn. 1 Elaeocarpus floribundus BI. 13 16 Eucalyptus melliodora A.Cunn. 1 3 4 15 16 17 Elateriospermum tapos BI. 13 Eucalyptus microcarpa Maiden 1 3 15 17 Embothrium coccineum Forst. 12 Eucalyptus microcorys F.Muell. 1 4 15 16 Enallagma latifolia (Mill.) Srn. 2 9 12 19 *Eucalyptus obliqua L.Herit. 1 Enantia chlorantha Oliv. 3 6 18 *Eucalyptus paniculata Srn. 1 Endiandra palmerstonii (F.M.Bail.) C.T.White 1 Eucalyptus pilularis Smith 1 4 7 11 12 15 16 18 *Endospermum macrophyllum Pax et Hoffm. 11 *Eucalyptus resinfera Srn. 1 Appendix 1: PROSPECT species list pagev. Species name Distribution code Species name Distribution code *Eucalyptus robusta Srn. 1 Goethalsia meiantha (D.Sm.) Burret 2 12 Eucalyptus saligna Smith 1 4 7 11 12 15 16 Gomidesia lindeniana Berg. 12 19 *Eucalyptus tereticornis Srn. 1 Gonioma kamassi (Eckl. ) E.Mey. 15 *Eucalyptus viminalis Labill. 1 Goniothalamus griffithii Hook. f. & Th. 13 Eucalyptus wandoo Blakely 1 4 15 16 17 Gonocaryum calleryanum (Baill. ) Becc. 13 Euclea lanceolata E.Mey. 4 15 Gonystylus bancanus (Miq.) Kurz 13 *Eucryphia cordifolia Cav. 12 Gonystylus macrophyllus (Miq.) A.Shaw. 1 11 13 Eucryphia lucida Druce 1 *Gonystylus punctatus A.C.Smith 11 Eugenia axillaris (Sw.) willd. 9 10 19 Gordonia papuana Kobuski 1 11 Eugenia confusa DC. 9 19 Gossweilerodendron balsamiferum (Verm.) Harms 3 6 18 Eugenia fragrans (Sw.) willd. 19 Gossypiospermum praecox (Gris. ) P.Wils. 12 19 Euphorbia antiquorum L. 16 Goupia glabra Aubl. 12 Euphorbia tirucalli L. 3 5 16 *Grevillea robusta A.Cunn. 1 Euptelea pleiosperma Hook. f. & Th. 5 16 Grewia microcos L. 13 16 Euroschinus falcatus Hook. f. 1 Grias fendleri Seem. 2 Eusideroxylon zwageri T. & B. 13 Grislea secunda Loefl. 2 12 Euxylophora paraensis Hub. 12 *Guaiacum officinale L. 2 9 12 19 Evodia glabra Blume 13 *Guaiacum sanctum L. 2 9 12 19 Excoecaria agallocha L. 1 4 5 11 13 16 Guarea cedrata (A.Chev. ) Pell. 4 6 18 Exocarpos latifolia 13 *Guarea glabra Vahl. 2 19 Exostema caribaeum (Jacq.) R. & S. 2 9 19 Guarea thompsonii Sprague & Hutch. 3 6 18 *Fagara amaniensis Engl. 4 *Guarea trichilioides L. 2 12 19 Fagara brieyi Vermoesen & Gilbert 6 Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. 2 12 19 Fagara flava Krug & Urb. 9 10 19 *Guettarda combsii 2 Fagara heitzii Aubrev. & Pellegr. 3 6 18 Guevina avellana Mol. 12 Fagara leprieurii Engl. 3 4 6 15 18 Guibourtia arnoldiana (De Wild.& Th.Dur.) J.Leonard 3 6 15 Fagaropsis angolensis (Engl. ) Dale 3 4 Guibourtia coleosperma (Benth. ) J.';:"eonard 3 6 15 Fagraea fragrans Roxb. 11 13 16 Guibourtia demeusei (Harms) J. Leolliird 6 15 18 Fagraea gigantea Ridl. 13 Guibourtia pelligriniana J.Leonard 6 18 *Fagraea gracilipes A.Gray 11 Guibourtia spp. 6 18 *Faidherbia albida (Del. ) A.Chev. 3 4 8 14 18 Guibourtia tessmannii (Harms) J.Leonard 6 Faramea accidental is (L.) A.Rich. 2 12 19 Guilandina echinata (Lam.) Spreng. 12 Faurea macnaughtonii Phill. 3 15 Gymnacranthera farquhariana Warb. 13 *Faurea saligna Harv. 15 Gymnanthes lucida Sw. 2 9 19 Ficalhoa laurifolia Hiern. 3 4 Gynocardia odorata R.Br. 13 16 Ficus aurea Nutt. 9 19 Gynotroches axillaris BI. 1 13 *Ficus glabrata 2 12 Gyrocarpus jaquinii Gaertn. 4 Ficus glaucescens Miq. 12 Haematoxylon campechianum L. 2 12 19 Ficus laevigata vahl 9 19 Hagenia abyssinica (Bruce) J.F.Gmel. 4 6 Fillaeopsis discophora Harms 3 6 18 Haldina cordifolia (Roxb.) Ridsd. 5 13 16 Firmiana simplex W.F.Wight 5 Halfordia scleroxyloa F.Muell. 1 Flacourtia cataphracta Roxb. 13 16 *Hallea ledermannii 3 6 18 Flindersia brayleyana F.Muell. 1 15 *Hallea stipulosa 4 6 8 18 Forestiera acuminata Pair. 2 9 12 19 Halleria lucida L. 3 15 Funtumia africana (Benth.) Stapf 3 4 6 18 Haloxylon ammodendron Boiss. 16 Gaertnera cooperi Hutch. & M.B. Moss 18 Hampea panamensis StandI. 2 12 Gallesia scorododendrum Casar. 12 Hannoa klaineana Pierre & Engl. 6 18 Gambeya lacourtiana (De wild.) Aubr. & Pell. 6 18 Haplormosia monophylla (Harms) Harms 6 18 Gamblea ciliata Clarke 16 Hardwickia binata Roxb. 14 16 Ganua motleyana Pierre 13 Harungana madagascarensis Lam. ex Pair. 3 4 6 7 18 Garcinia cowa Roxb. 13 16 Hasseltiopsis dioica (Benth. ) Sleumer 2 *Garcinia gerrardii Harv. 4 15 Heinsia crinata (Afzel. ) G.Taylor 3 4 6 18 Garcinia kola Heckel 3 6 18 Heisteria macrophylla Oerst. 2 12 *Garcinia myrtifolia A.C.Smith 11 Heisteria parvifolia Smith 3 4 6 8 18 Gardenia coronaria Ham. 13 16 Helicostylis latifolia Pittier 2 Gardenia latifolia Ait. 16 Helietta cuspidata (Engl.) Chad. & Hassl. 12 Gavarretia terminalis Baill. 12 Heliocarpus popayanensis H.B.K. 2 12 Geissois benthami F.Muell. 1 *Heritiera javanica 13 Genipa americana L. 2 12 19 Heritiera littoralis (Dryand. ) Ait. 1 4 5 7 11 13 16 *Gilbertiodendron dewevrei J.Leonard 6 18 Heritiera macrophylla Wall. 13 16 Gironniera nervosa Planch. 1 13 *Heritiera ornithocephala Kosterm. 11 Gironniera reticulata Thw. 13 16 *Heritiera utilis (Sprague) Sprague 6 18 Glandonia macrocarpa Gris. 12 Hernandia guianensis Aubl. 12 19 *Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Walp. 2 3 4 12 13 19 Hernandia ovigera L. 1 13 Gluta elegans (Wall.) Hook. f. 1 11 13 Hernandia sonora L. 2 9 12 19 Glycosmis pentaphylla Correa 13 16 19 Heterophragma adenophyllum Seem. 13 16 Gmelina arborea Roxb. 1 2 4 5 12 13 14 16 18 Heterotrichum cymosum (Wendl. ) Urb. 19 Appendix 1: PROSPECT species list page vi. Species name Distribution code Species name Distribution code *Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg. 12 Jacaranda copaia (Aubl.) D.Don 2 12 Hevea guyanensis Aubl. 12 Jacaranda rhombifolia G.F.W. Mey. 2 12 Heynea trijuga Roxb. 5 13 16 Jackia ornata Wall. 13 Hibiscus elatus Sw. 2 9 12 19 Jacquinia keyensis Mez 19 Hibiscus floccosus Mast. 13 Joannesia heveoides Ducke. 12 Hibiscus macrophyllus Roxb. 13 16 Jodina rhombifolia Hook. & Arn. 12 Hibiscus mutabilis Linn. 5 16 Juglans mandshurica Maxim. 5 *Hibiscus tiliaceus L. 2 13 19 Juglans sieboldiana Maxim. 5 *Hieronyma alchorneoides Fr. AU. 2 12 19 *Julbernardia globiflora (Benth.) Troupin 3 4 *Hieronyma laxiflora M.Arg. 12 Julbernardia pellegriniana Troupin 6 Himatanthus articulata (Vahl) Woodson 2 12 *Juniperus procera Hochst. 4 Hippomane mancinella L. 2 9 12 19 Kalopanax pictus Nakai 5 Hippophae rhamnoides L. 16 Kandelia rheedii W. & A. 5 13 16 Hippophae salicifolia Don 16 *Kermadecia vitiensis Turr. 11 Holigarna helferi Hook. f. 13 16 Khaya anthotheca (Welw.) C.DC. 3 4 6 18 Holoptelea grandis (Hutch.) Mildbr. 4 6 8 16 18 Khaya grandifoliola C.DC. 4 6 8 18 Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch. 13 16 Khaya ivorensis A.Chev. 6 18 Homalium angustistipulatum Keay 18 *Khaya nyasica Stapf. ex E.G. Baker 3 4 6 15 18 Homalium aylmeri Hutch. & Dalz. 18 Khaya senegalensis (Desr.) A.Juss. 4 6 8 18 *Homalium foetidum (Roxb.) Benth 1 13 Khaya spp. 4 18 Homalium letestui Pellegr. 3 6 18 Kigelia pinnata (Jacq.) DC. 3 18 Homalium longifolium Benth. 13 Kiggelaria africana L. 3 15 Homalium tomentosum Benth. 13 16 Kirkia acuminata Oliv. 3 15 Homalium zeylanicum Benth. 16 Klainedoxa gabonensis Pierre ex Engl. 3 4 6 8 18 Hopea beccariana Burck. 13 Kleinhovia hospita L. 4 6 11 13 16 Hopea ferrea Lanessan 13 Knema furfuracea Warb. 13 Hopea odorata Ro,~. 5 13 16 *Koompassia excelsa (Becc) Taub. 13 *Hopea papuana 1 13 *Koompassia malaccensis Maing. ex Benth. 13 Hovenia dulcis Thumb. 5 16 *Krugiodendron ferreum (Vahl) Urb. 2 9 19 Hua gabonii Pierre ex De wild. *Kurrimia paniculata Hall 13 16 Huberia semiserrata DC. 12 *Kurrimia pulcherrima Wall 16 Humboldtia bourdilloni Prain 16 *Kydia calycina Roxb. 13 16 Humiria balsamifera (Aubl.) St. Hil. 12 Lachnopylis floribunda (Benth.) C.A.Sm. 15 Humiria floribunda Mart. 12 Lacistema aggregatum (Berg) Rusby 2 12 19 Humiria procera Little 12 Laetia procera (Poepp & Endl.) Eichl. 12 Hunteria corymbosa Roxb. 4 13 16 Lagerstroemia calyculata Kurz 13 16 *Hura crepitans L. 2 12 19 Lagerstroemia hypoleuca Kurz 13 *Hydnocarpus alpina Wight. 13 16 Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers. 5 13 16 *Hydnocarpus castanea 13 16 Lagerstroemia subcostata Loehne 5 *Hymenaea courbaril Linn 2 12 19 Lagerstroemia tomentosa Presl. 13 16 *Hymenodictyon excelsum (Roxb) Wall. 13 16 *Lagetta lintearia Lam 19 *Hymenolobium excelsum Ducke 12 Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn. 2 9 12 18 19 *Hymenostegia afzelii Harms. 3 6 18 Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merrill 13 16 *Hypelate trifoiata Sw. 19 Lannea kerstingii Engl. & Krause 4 6 8 Ichthyomethia piscipula (L.) Hitchcock 2 9 19 Lannea welwitschii (Hiern.) Engl. 3 4 6 18 *Ilex belizensis 2 Lansium domesticum Jack 1 13 Ilex casiquiarensis Loes. 12 Laplacea fruticosa (Schrad.) Kobuski 2 12 Ilex cymosa BI. 13 Laurelia sempervirens (R. & P.) Tul. 12 Ilex mitis (L.) Radlk. 3 4 6 7 15 18 Laurelia serrata Bert. 12 Ilex panamensis Standley 12 *Lecythis paraensis (Huber) Ducke 2 12 Ilex paraguensis St. Hil. 12 *Leucaena glauca (L) Benth 1 2 9 12 13 18 19 *Ilex repanda Griseb. 19 *Leucaena trichodes (Jacq) Benth. 12 Ilex sideroxyloides Griseb. 19 *Licania buxiflora Sandw. 12 *Inga alba willd. 12 *Licania densiflora 12 Inga edulis Mart. 2 12 19 *Licania heteromorpha Benth. 12 *Intsia bijuga (Cole BR.) O.Ktze. 1 7 11 13 *Licania hypoleouca Benth 2 12 *Intsia palembanica Miq. 1 11 13 16 *Licania macrophylla Benth. 12 *Intsia retusa (Kurz) Merr 13 *Licania micrantha Miq. 12 *Irvingia gabonensis Baillon 3 6 18 *Licania mollis Benth. 12 *Irvingia grandifolia Engl. 6 18 *Licania persaudii Fanshawe & Maguire 12 *Irvingia oliveri Pierre 13 16 *Licania platypus 2 *Iryanthera lancifolia Ducke 12 *Licania venosa Rusby. 12 *Isoberlinia scheffleri (Harms) Greenway 4 *Licaria canella (Meissn) Kosterm. 12 19 *Isoberlinia tomentosa Craib & Stapf. 3 4 6 8 15 18 *Licaria triandra (Sw) Kostem 9 19 *Isolona campanulata Engl. & Diels 6 18 *Liquidambar styraciflua Linn. 2 9 15 *Isoptera borneensis Schieff 13 *Lithocarpus megalophylla Rehd. 13 *Ixora arborea Roxb ex Srn. 13 16 *Lithraea molleoides (VeIl) Engl. 12 Appendix 1 .. PROSPECT species list page vii. Species name Distribution code Species name Distribution code *Litsea sebifera Pers. 5 13 16 *Mezilauris itauba (Meissn.) Taub. 12 *Lonchocarpus castilloi 2 *Mezzetia leptopoda Oliv 13 *Lophira alata Banks ex Gaertn. 6 18 *Michelia champaca Linn 5 13 16 *Lophira spp. 18 *Michelia formosana Masamume 5 *Lophopetalum littorale Kurz 13 16 *Miconia argentia Swartz 2 *Lophopetalum maingayi Ridl 13 *Microberlinia bisulcata A. Chev. 6 *Lophopetalum wallichii Kurz 13 16 *Microberlinia brazzavillensis A. Chev 6 18 *Lovoa swynnertonii Bak f 4 *Microdesmis puberula Hook f. ex Planch 3 4 6 *Lovoa trichilioides Harms 3 6 18 *Micromelum pubescens BI 13 16 *Loxopterygium sagotii Hook f. 12 *Mildbraediodendron excel sum Harms 4 6 18 *Luehea divaricata Mart 12 *Milicia excelsa (Welw.) C.C. Berg 3 4 6 18 *Lumnitzera coccinea W et A 13 *Millettia laurentii de wild 6 *Lysiloma bahamensis Benth 2 9 19 *Millettia pendula Benth 13 16 *Lysiloma latisliqua (L) Benth 9 19 *Millettia rhodantha Baili 18 Maba cooperi Hutchinson & Dalziel 18 *Millettia stuhlmannii Taub. 3 4 6 *Macaranga conglomerata Brenan 4 *Mimusops dariensis Pitt 2 *Macaranga kilimandsharica Pax. 4 *Mimusops jaimiqui (C.Wright) Dub. 9 19 Macaranga puncticulata Gage 13 *Minquartia guianensis Aubl 2 12 Macoubea guianensis Aubl. 12 *Mitragyna parvifolia (Roxb) Korth. 13 16 *Macrolobium acaciaefolium Benth 12 *Mitragyna rubrostipulacea Havill 4 Macropanax oreophilum Miq. 13 16 *Monodora myristica Dunal 3 4 6 18 Madhuca latifolia (Roxb.) McBride 7 16 *Monopetalanthus letestui 6 18 Madhuca malaccensis H.J.Lam 13 *Monotes kerstingii Gilg. 6 8 18 Madhuca tomentosa H.J.Lam 13 *Mora excelsa Benth. 12 19 Madhuca utilis (Ridl.) H.J.Lam 13 *Mora gonggrijpii (Kleinh) Sandw 12 19 Maesa ramentacea A.DC. 13 16 *Mora megistosperma (Pittier) Britt & Rose 2 12 Maesopsis eminii Engl. 4 6 11 18 *Morelia senegalensis A.Rich 6 8 18 Malacantha alnifolia (Baker) Pierre. 4 18 *Moringa oleife.ra Lamk. 5 16 Malache scabra B.Vog. 12 19 *Morus alba L. 5 16 17 Mallot-.us macrostachyus Muell.Arg. 13 *Morus celtidifolia H.B.K 2 12 Mallotus muticus (Muell. Arg.) Airy Shaw 13 *Morus lactea Mildbr 3 4 Mallotus penangensis Muell.Arg. 13 *Morus laevigata Wall 13 16 Mallotus philippinensis Muell. Arg. 1 5 13 16 *Morus mezozygia (Stapf.) 3 6 8 18 *Mammea africana Sabine (G.Don) 3 6 7 18 *Mosquitoxylum jamaicense K & Urb. 2 19 *Mangifera foetida Lour. 13 *Mouriria parvifolia Benth 2 12 *Mangifera indicata Linn. 10 13 16 19 *Mouriria pseudo-geminata Pittier 2 12 *Manglietia fordiana Oliv 13 *Musanga cecropioides R.Br. 3 4 6 15 18 *Manihot glaziovii Muell Arg 2 12 19 *Myrianthus libericus Rendle 18 *Manilkara bidentata (A.Dc) Chev. 2 9 12 19 *Myrianthus serratus (Trecul) Benth & Hook f. 18 *Manilkara cuneifolia Dubard. 4 15 *Myrica cerifera L. 2 9 19 *Manilkara kauki Dubard 1 13 16 *Myristica castaneaefolia A.Gray 11 *Manilkara lacera Dubard. 18 *Myristica chartacea Gillespie 11 *Manilkara littoralis (Kurz) Dub 13 16 *Myrocarpus fastigiatus Fr All. 12 *Manilkara zapota (L) V. Royen 2 9 12 19 *Myrospermum frutescens Jacq 2 12 19 *Mansonia altissima A. Chev. 6 18 *Myroxylon balsamum (L) Harms 2 12 Mansonia gagei J.R.Drumm. 13 16 *Myrsine capitellata Wall. 16 *Mappia racemosa Jacq. 2 19 *Napoleonaea vogelii Hook. & Planch. 18 *Mareya micrantha (Benth) Muell.Arg. 6 18 Nauclea diderrichii (De Wild. ex Th. Dur.) Merr. 3 4 6 18 *Marila grandiflora Griseb. 19 Nauclea junghuhnii (Miq.) Merr. 1 13 16 *Markhamia hildebrandtii (Baker) Sprague 4 Nauclea maingayi Hook. f. 1 13 *Markhamia platycalyx Sprague 4 6 Nauclea pobeguinii (Pellegr.) Petit 3 18 *Marmaroxylon racemosum Killip 12 Naucleopsis macrophylla Miq. 12 *Marquesia macroura Gilg 3 4 6 Necepsia afzelii Prain 6 18 *Matayba scrobiculata (HBK) Radlk. 12 Neesia synandra Mast. 13 *Mauria birringo Tul. 2 12 *Neoboutonia macrocalyx Pax 3 4 6 *Meiogyne virgata 13 Neonauclea peduncularis Merrill 13 Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) S.T.Blake 1 2 3 9 11 12 13 16 19 Nephelium longana Camb. 5 13 16 *Melanorrhoea torquata King 1 13 Nesogordonia papaverifera (A.Chev.) R.Capuron 3 6 18 *Melanoxylon brauna Schott 12 Newtonia buchananii (Bak.) Gilb. & Bout. 3 4 6 15 *Melia azedarach Linn. 5 11 13 16 *Newtonia paucijuga (Harms) Brenan 4 *Melia composita Willd 16 Niemeyera prunifera F.Muell. 1 *Memecylon afzelii G.Don. 18 Norrisia malaccensis Gardn. 13 *Memecylon edule Roxb. 13 16 Nothofagus dombeyi Blume 12 *Mesua ferrea L. 13 16 Nothofagus moorei (F.Muell.) Krasser 1 *Metopium brownei (Jacq) Urban. 2 9 12 19 *Nothofagus procera (P. & E.) Oerst. 12 *Metrosideros collina A.Gray 11 Nothofagus truncata (Colenso) Cockayne 1 *Metrosideros robusta A Cinn 1 Nothopegia colebrookiana BI. 16 Appendix 1: PROSPECT species list page viii. Species name Distribution code Species name Distribution code Nuxia floribunda Benth. 3 Parkia javanica (Lam.) Merr. 1 13 16 Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn. 13 16 Parkinsonia aculeata L. 2 3 9 12 14 16 19 Nycticalanthus speciosus Ducke 12 Paropsia vareciformis Mast. 13 Ochanostachys amentacea Masters 13 Patagonula americana L. '12 Ochna arborea Burch. ex DC. 3 15 Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Steud. 5 12 *Ochna holstii Engl. 3 4 15 pausinystalia lane-poolei Hutch. 18 Ochna wallichii Planch. 13 16 Payena lucida A.DC. 13 16 Ochroma lagopus Sw. 1 2 11 12 13 16 19 Pelliciera rhizophorae Planch. & Triana 2 12 Ochthocosmus africanus Hook. f. 6 18 Peltogyne porphyrocardia Griseb. 12 19 Ocotea barcellensis Mez 12 19 Peltogyne pubescens Benth. 2 12 19 Ocotea bullata E.Mey. 15 *Peltogyne venosa Benth. 2 12 19 *Ocotea canaliculata (Rich) Mez. 12 19 Peltophorum dasyrachis Kurz ex Bak. 13 Ocotea coriacea (Sw.) Britt. 2 9 12 19 Pentace burmanica Kurz 13 *Ocotea leucoxylon Gomez de la Maza 19 Pentace triptera Mast. 13 Ocotea porosa L. Barroso 12 15 Pentaclethra macroloba (Willd.) Kuntze 2 12 19 Ocotea rubra Mez. 12 19 Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth. 3 6 18 Ocotea usambarensis Engl. 4 6 Pentadesma butyracea Sabine 6 18 *Ocotea wachenheimii R.Benoist 12 19 Pentaphylax arborea Ridley 13 Octoknema borealis Hutch. & Dalz. 18 Pentaspadon motleyi Hook. f. 11 13 Octomeles sumatrana Miq. 1 11 13 Perebea laevigata StandI. 2 *Odyendea zimmermannii Engl. 4 *Pericopsis angolensis (Baker) van Meeuwen 3 4 6 Oldfieldia africana Benth. & Hook. f. 6 18 Pericopsis elata (Harms) V~n Meeuwen 6 18 Olea capensis L. 6 15 Pericopsis mooniana Thw. 1 11 13 16 *Olea ferruginea Royle 16 *Pericopsis spp. 6 18 Olea hochstetteri (A.Chev. ) Bak. 4 6 8 Peronema canescens Jack. 13 Olea welwitschii (Knobl.) Gilg & Schell. 4 *Persea americana Mill 2 12 19 *Olinia cymosa Thunb. 15 *Persea lingue Nees. 12 *Olinia usambarensis Gilg 4 15 *Petersianthus macrocarpus (P.Beauv. ) Liben 3 6 18 *Olmedia aspera R & P 2 12 *Petitia domingensis Jacq. 19 *Omphaloc~rpum elatum Miers. 6 18 *Phoebe porphyria (Gris) Mez 12 *Omphalocarpum procerum P. de Beaux 6 18 *Phyllanthus discoideus (Baill.) Mull. Arg. 4 6 15 *Ongokea gore (Hua) Pierre 3 6 18 *Phyllostylon brasiliensis Cap. 2 12 19 *Orites excelsa R.Br. 1 *Picramnia pentandra Sw. 2 9 19 *Oroxylum indicum Benth 5 13 16 *picrasma quassioides Benn 16 *Osyris compressa (Berg) A.DC. 3 4 15 *Piptadenia rigida Benth 1 12 *Ougenia dalbergioides Benth 16 *Piptadeniastrum africanum (Hook. f. ) Brenan 3 4 6 15 18 *Oxandra lanceolata (Sw) Baill 12 19 *piratinera guianensis Aubl. 12 19 *Oxystigma oxyphyllum (Harms) J.Leonard 3 6 18 *Piscidia communis (Blake) LM. Johnst. 2 9 Pachira aquatica Aubl. 2 12 19 *Pistacia chinensis Bunge 13 Pachira insignis Sw. 12 19 *pithecellobium jupunba (Willd. ) Urb. 12 19 Pachyanthus cubensis A. Rich. 19 *pithecolobium arboreum 2 19 Pachypodanthium staudtii (Engl. & Diels) Engl. 6 18 *Pithecolobium dulce (Roxb) Benth. 2 12 16 Pahudia cochinchinensis Pierre ex Laness. 13 *Pittoniotis trichantha Gris 2 12 Pajanelia rheedii D.C. 13 16 *Planchonia papuana Knuth. 1 13 *Palaquium fidjiense Pierre ex Dubard 11 *Plathymenia reticulata Benth 12 *Palaquium galactoxylum (F.Muell) H.J.Lam 1 11 *Platonia insignis Mart. 12 *Palaquium hornei (Hartog ex Baker) Dubard 11 *Platymiscium pinnatum (Jacq) Dugand 2 12 19 Palicourea guianensis Aubl. 2 *Platymiscium trinitatis Benth 2 12 19 pangium edule Reinw. 1 11 13 *Platyophus trifoliatus D.Don 15 Parahancornea amapa (Huber) Ducke 12 *Platypodium elegans 2 12 Paramacherium schomburgkii (Benth. ) Ducke 12 *Plumeria sucuuba R. Spruce. 2 12 19 Parartocarpus triandrus J.J.Smith 13 *Poeciloneudron indicum Bedd. 13 16 Parartocarpus venenosus (Zoll.& Mor.) Becc. 1 11 13 *Poga oleo sa Pierre 6 18 Parashorea lucida (Miq.) Kurz 13 *Polyalthia oliveri Engl. & Diels 4 6 18 Parashorea plicata Brandis 13 *Polyscias ferruginea Harm 3 4 6 8 18 Parashorea stellata Kurz 13 *Polyscias kikuyuensis Summ. 4 6 Parastemon urophyllus A.DC. 13 16 *Pometia pinnata Jacobs 1 11 13 16 Paratecoma peroba (Record) Kuhlm. 12 *Pongamia pinnata (Linn) Pierre 1 5 7 11 13 16 Paratrophis glabra (Merrill) v.Steenis 13 *Poulsenia armata (Miq.) StandI. 2 12 *Parinari campestris Aublet 12 19 *Pouteria micropholis (Pierre) Baehni 11 Parinari excelsa Sabine 4 6 12 18 19 *Premna angolensis Gurke 4 *Parinari goetzeniana Engl. 15 *Premna maxima T.C.E. Fries 4 *Parinari insularum A.Gray 11 *Prioria copaifera Gris 2 12 19 Parinarium griffithianum Benth. 11 13 16 *Prosopis africana (Guill. & Perr.) Taubert 4 8 18 Parishia insignis Hook. f. 13 Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. 1 2 3 4 8 9 11 12 13 14 15 16 18 19 Parkia bicolor A.Chev. 6 18 *Protium crenatum 12 *Parkia filicoidea Welw. ex Oliv. 4 6 18 *Protium decandrum (Aublet) Marchand 12 Appendix 1 : PROSPECT species list page ix. Species name Distribution code Species name Distribution code *Protomegabaria stapfiana Hutch 6 18 *Schinopsis balanse Engl. 12 *Pseudocedrela kotschyi Harms 4 6 8 18 *Schinopsis lorentzii (Gris.) Engl. 12 *Pseudosindora palustris Sym 13 *Schizolobium parahybum (Vell.) Blake 2 12 *Pseudospondias microcarpa Engl. 3 4 6 8 18 *Schizomeria ovata D.Don 1 *Psidium guajava L. 2 9 12 19 *Schleichera oleo sa (Lour) Okan. 13 16 *Ptaeroxylon obliquum Radlk. 3 15 *Schrebera alata (Hochst) Welw. 4 *Pteleopsis hylodendron (Mildbr.) 6 18 *Sclerocarya birrea (A.Rich.) Hochst. 3 4 6 15 18 *Pteleopsis myrtifolia Engl. et Diels 3 4 *Sclerolobium melinonii Harms 12 *Pterocarpus angolensis D.C. 3 4 6 15 *Scorodocarpus borneensis (Bail) Becc 13 *Pterocarpus antunesii (Taub) Harms 3 *Scottellia coriacea A.Chev 6 18 *Pterocarpus dalbergioides Roxb. 1 7 11 13 16 *Scyphocephalium mannii (Benth) Warb. 6 18 *Pterocarpus macrocarpus Kurz. 13 *Scytopetalum tieghemii Hutch. et Dalz. 6 18 *Pterocarpus officinalis Jacq. 2 12 19 *Sebesten sebestena (L) Britton 9 19 *Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub. 3 6 18 *Serianthes melanesica Fosberg var. Melanesica 11 *Pterogyne nitens Tul 12 *Shorea balanocarpoides Sym 13 *Pterospermum acerifolium willd 13 16 *Shorea kunstleri King. 13 *Pycnanthus angolensis (Welw) Warb 3 4 6 18 *Shorea negrosensis Foxw. 13 *Pygeum africanum Hook f. 3 4 6 15 *Shorea polysperma Merr. 13 Qualea rosea Aubl. 12 *Shorea robusta Gaertn f 13 16 Quararibea asterolepis Pittier 2 12 *Shorea siamensis Miq 13 Quassia amara L. 2 12 19 *Sideroxylon foetidissimum Jacq. 9 19 Quassia indica (Gaertn.) Nooteboom 7 11 13 16 Simarouba amara Aubl. 2 12 19 Quercus dentata Thunb. 5 Simarouba glauca DC. 2 9 12 19 Quercus ilex L. 8 14 16 17 Siphonodon australis Benth. 1 Randia cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merrill 13 16 Siphonodon celastrineus Griff. 1 13 16 Randia exaltata Griff. 13 *Spirostachys africana Sond 3 4 15 Randia scortechinii King & Gamble 13 *Spondias mombin L. 2 12 18 19 Rapanea guianensis Aubl. 9 12 19 *Spondias pinnata (Linn.F.) Kurz 5 13 16 Rapanea laetevirens Mez 12 *Staudtia kamerunensis Warb. Rapanea melanophleos Mez 3 15 *St2udtia stipitata Warb. *Rapanea rhododendroides (Gilg.) Mez. 4 *Sterculia oblonga Mast. 4 6 18 Raputia magnifica Engl. 12 *Sterculia pruriens (Aublet) Schumann 12 Recordoxylon amazonicum Ducke 12 *Sterculia quinqueloba (Garcke) K.Schum 3 4 15 Reynosia septentrionalis Urb. 9 19 *Sterculia rhinopetala K.Schum. 6 18 Rhabdodendron macrophyllum (Spruce) Huber 12 *Stereospermum chelonoides (Linn F) DC 13 16 Rheedia edulus Planch. & Triana 2 12 *Stereospermum kunthianum Cham. 3 6 8 18 Rhizophora apiculata Bl. 1 7 11 13 16 *Strephonema pseudocola A Chev. 18 *Rhizophora mangle Linn. 123 6 9 10 11 12 16 18 19 *Strombosia glaucescens Engl. 6 18 Rhodamnia cinerea Jack 1 13 *Strombosia grandifolia Hook f ex Benth 4 6 18 Rhodamnia trinervia Blume 1 7 13 16 *Strombosia javanica Blume 13 16 Rhodoleia teysmannii Miq. 13 *Strombosia pustulata Oliv. 6 18 Rhus cotinus L. 5 14 16 17 *Strombosia scheffleri Engl. 3 4 6 Rhus semialata Murray 5 16 *Strychnos nux-vomica Linn. 13 16 Rhus succedanea L. 5 12 13 16 *Swartzia bannia Sandw. 12 19 Rhus typhina Torn. 2 9 *Swartzia fistuloides Harms. 3 6 18 Rhus wallichii Hook. f. 16 *Swartzia leiocalycina Benth. 12 Ribes glaciale Wall. 16 *Swartzia madagascariensis 3 4 8 18 *Ricinodendron heudolottii (Baill) Pierre 3 4 6 8 18 *Swietenia macrophylla King 2 4 7 11 12 13 16 18 19 *Ricinodendron rautanenii Schinz. 3 4 6 15 *Swietenia mahagoni Jacq. 9 19 Sabinea florida (Vahl) DC. 19 *Swintonia floribunda Griff 13 16 Saccopetalum unguiculatum C.E.C. Fischer 16 *Swintonia schwenkii Teysm. 13 Sacoglottis gabonensis (Baill.) Urb. 3 6 15 18 *Swintonia spicifera Hook f 13 Sacoglottis obovata Urb. 12 *Symphonia globulifera L.f. 2 3 4 6 12 18 19 Sageraea ellptica Hook. f. & Thomas 13 16 *Syncarpia glomulifera (Srn) Niedenzu 1 Sageretia oppositifolia Brongn. 16 *Syncarpia hillii Bailey 1 Sagotia racemosa Baill. 12 *Syzygium cordatum Hochst. 3 15 Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merrill. 2 11 12 13 15 19 *Syzygium guineense (Willd.) DC 4 8 15 Sandoricum indicum Cav. 13 16 Tabebuia Donnell-Smithii J.N.Rose 2 Santalum album L. 1 11 13 16 *Tabebuia guayacan Hemsl. 2 12 Sapindus detergens Roxb. 5 13 16 *Tabebuia heterophylla (DC.) Britton 19 Sapindus drummondii Hook. & Arn. 2 12 Tabebuia insignis (Miq.) Sandw. 12 Sapindus saponaria L. 2 9 12 19 Tabebuia rosea (Bertol.) DC. 2 7 12 19 Sapium baccatum ROxb. 5 13 16 *Tabebuia serratifolia Vahl. 2 12 19 *Sapium ellipticum (Hochst.) Pax 3 4 15 *Tabebuia stenocalyx Sprague & Stapf. 12 19 Sapium insigne Benth. 16 Tabernaemontana arborea Rose 2 *Schefflera paraensis Huber Apud Ducke 12 Tabernaemontana citrifolia L. 2 12 19 *Schima noronhae Reinw. 13 Talauma sambuensis Pit tier 2 Appendix 1: PROSPECT species list pagex. Species name Distribution code Species name Distribution code Tamarindus indica L. 3 4 7 8 13 14 16 18 Vateria indica L. 16 Tambourissa thouvenotii P.Dang. 7 Vatica cinerea King 13 *Tapirira guianensis Aubl. 2 12 19 Vatica heteroptera Symington 13 *Taralea oppositifolia Aubl. 12 Vatica stapfiana (King) V.SI. 13 *Teclea nobilis Del. 3 4 *ventilago madraspatana Gaertn. 13 16 *Tecoma stans (L.) H.B.K. 2 9 12 19 Vepris lanceolata (Lam.) G.Don 15 *Tectona grandis Linn.f. 4 13 15 16 18 Veronia arborea Ham. 13 16 *Terminalia aemula Diels. 4 villebrunea integrifolia Gaud. 13 16 *Terminalia amazonia (Gmel) Ecell. 2 12 19 *Virgilia divaricata Adamson 1 15 16 *Terminalia bialata Steudel 13 *Virola bicuhyba (Schott) Warb. 12 *Terminalia brassii Excell 1 11 *Virola koschnyi Warb 2 *Terminalia catappa Linn 1 7 11 13 14 16 19 *virola melinonii (Benoit) A.C. Smith 2 12 *Terminalia chebula (Gaertn) Retz 13 16 *virola surinamensis (Rol) Warb 12 19 *Terminalia ivorensis A. Chev. 6 18 *vitex cofassus Reinw. 1 11 13 Terminalia paniculata W.& A. 16 *vitex divaricata Sw. 12 19 *Terminalia procera Roxb. 13 16 *vitex doni ana Sweet. 3 4 8 18 *Terminalia prunioides Laws. 3 4 15 *Vitex gaumeri Greenm. 2 *Terminalia superba Engl. and Diels. 3 6 15 18 *Vitex quinata 13 *Terminalia tomentosa W et A 13 16 *Vochysia guianensis Aubl. 2 12 *Tessmannia africana (Harms) 6 *Vochysia hondurensis Sprague. 2 *Tessmannia anomala (Micheli) Harms. 6 *Vochysia surinamensis Stafl. 12 *Testulea gabonensis Pellegr. 6 15 *Vouacapoua americana Aubl. 12 *Tetraberlinia bifoliolata (Harms) 18 Wallaceodendron celebicum Koord. 13 *Tetraberlinia tubmaniana J.Leonard 18 Wallenia laurifolia (Jacq.) Sw. 19 *Tetractomia roxburghii Hook F 13 Walsura villosa Wall. 13 *Tetragastris balsamifera (Sw.) Kuntze 19 Waltheria americana L. 12 16 18 19 *Tetrameles nudiflora R.Br. ex Benn 1 13 16 18 Warburgia ugandensis Sprague 4 *Tetramerista glabra Miq. 13 Warscewiczia coccinea (Vahl) Klotsch 2 12 19 *Tetrapanax papyriferum K.Koch. 5 Weinmannia trichosperma Cav. 12 *Tetrapleura tetraptera (Schum. & Tho-m) Taub. 4 6 8 18 Wendlandia tinctoria DC. 13 16 *Theobroma bernouillii Pittier. 2 Wercklea insignis Pitt. & Stand. 2 *Theobroma subicanum 12 Wightia gigantea Wall. 16 *Thespesia populnea (L) Sol and ex Correa 7 11 13 14 16 Wormia pulchella Jack 13 *Tieghemella africana H.Chev 3 6 18 Wrightia tinctoria R.Br. 13 16 *Tieghemella heckelii Hutch. et Dalz 6 18 Wrightia tomentosa R. & Sch. 13 16 *Timonius wallichianus Valet 1 13 Xanthophyllum flavescens Roxb. 13 16 *Torrubia discolor (Spreng) Britton 19 *Ximenia arnericana L 4 13 16 19 *Tournifortia argentea Linn. 16 *Xylia xylocarpa (Roxb.) Taub. 13 16 *Touroulia guianensis Aubl. 12 Xylopia parviflora (A.Rich.) Benth. 3 4 6 8 18 *Trachylobium verrucosum Oliv 4 18 Xylopia parvifolia Hook. f. & Th. 16 *Trema micrantha (L) Blume. 1 2 9 12 14 19 Xylopia quintasii Engl. & Diels 6 18 *Trema oriental is (Linn) BI. 1 3 8 13 15 16 18 Xymalos monaspora (Harv.) Baill. 3 4 6 15 18 *Trewia nudiflora Linn. 13 16 Zanthoxylum elephantiasis McFad. 2 19 *Tricalysia singularis K Schum. 13 16 *Zanthoxylum fagara (L) Sarg. 2 12 *Trichadenia philippinensis Merr. 1 13 *Zanthoxylum gillettii (De Wild.) Waterman 3 4 6 18 *Trichilia emetica Vahl. 3 4 7 14 15 Zanthoxylum martinicense (Lam.) DC. 9 12 19 *Trichilia havanensis Jacq 2 Zelkova formosana Hayata 5 *Trichilia hirta L. 2 12 19 Zelkova serrata Makino 5 *Triganobalanus verticil latus 13 Zinowiewia integerrima Turcz. 2 *Trilepisium madagascariense DC. 3 4 6 18 Ziziphus jujuba Lamk. 1 4 5 13 16 *Triplaris surinamensis Cham. 12 Zollernia paraensis Hub. 12 *Triplochiton scleroxylon K. Schum 6 15 18 Zuelania guidonia (Sw.) Britt. & Millsp. 2 19 *Tristania conferta R.Br. 1 7 11 *Trochodendron aralioides Sieb. et Zucc. 5 *Trophis racemosa (L) Urb. 2 12 *Turraeanthus africanus (Welw. ex C.DC.) Pelergry 3 4 6 18 Uapaca guineensis (Don) Muell.Arg. 4 6 18 Uapaca kirkana Muell.Arg. 3 4 Ulmus mexicana Planch. 2 12 Ungnadia speciosa Endl. 2 Unona latifolia Hook. f. & Th. 13 Urophyllum corymbosum Korth. 13 vaccinium leschenaultii Wight 16 Vallesia glabra (Cav.) Link 2 9 12 19 * indicates species added during ITTO project Vangueriopsis discolor Robyns 18 *Vatairea lundellii (StandI.) Killip. 2 12 for distribution codes see Appendix 2. Vataireopsis araroba (Aguiar) Ducke 12 ~ ~ 0 00 ~ ~ ~ > ~ ~ 00 "'C ~ ~ ~ ....~ ~ ~ r.fl S< ~ 1-0( .... 1-0( r.fl...... ""'I 0" =...... =0

Xl11

PROSPECT Species Distribution by Geographical Region

••• •.•.••• .••• ••••••••••••••••.•...... ···.7!ij4!~ij9#~~~.• ·.·.··...... JJ$9ij1J.i)).;~~~A$bii.!&-W~~twtH~ii .•• ..• .. .•• ·.~ .• .••.•.••..•~.··.· i.·~.· •••lAtiiitf~iisli(>(·.·.·.·.···(.·.7.tildiMioH~itrlAtiiitf~iis~~L< ·.i··.•.. i ...... ·...·...... ·.l....·.·.3.· •·.. • ·.8·.•·.1>.··. u··.• ·.j.·.·.h ..•.•• ·.E .•·.•·.a .. ·.··.s.. .• ·.Benin New Zealand Madagascar Borneo Burkina Papua New Guina Maldives Brunei Gambia West Irian Mauritius Burma Ghana Reunion Cambodia Guinea gq~ijtr~IWm~r~~)Seychelles Indonesia Guinea-Bissau Belize Laos Ivory Coast

Costa Rica .••••&N'~mm~ffJ9¥i&N'9.rmAff~9.~·.)·/} Malaysia Liberia El Salvador Algeria Philippines Mali Guatemala Egypt Sabah Mauritania Honduras Libya Sarawak Niger Mexico Morocco Sumatra Sao Tome & Principe Nicaragua Sudan Thailand Senegal Panama Tunisia Vietnam Sierre Leone Western Sahara Togo

••·.3d~htfil.sdtithefhArH~i)·······.3d~htflil.sdtithefhArH~i)······ 14Sh,1tbMMiitXiiM< Angola ...... •« .••...... •••.•.•.•.•.• « ...... •.•.•.• « .....•.• <<.««/.,<:N(;#b.. «« •••• ·9Mozambique Iraq Bahamas Zambia JQN9HhW#i#tJ9..i/..tQN9HhA;#i#~Jy.in..Israel Barbados Zimbabwe Bermuda Jordan Cuba Canary Islands Kuwait Dominica

••••• ••••••• ...... Cape Verde Islands Lebanon Dominican Rep.Rep . ·...••••-:::::::::::::::;.::::::::::::::::::::::::::;.;.:-:- 4EastAtHd{,.~#~~t\fr~ca ...... •••••••. ·.·.·.····>········}···········.·.·.····}····················· ...... Djibouti Madeira Oman Grenada Ethiopia Qutar Guadeloupe Kenya Saudi Arabia Haiti Somalia South Yemen Jamaica Tanzania French Polynesia Syria Martinique Uganda Hawaii Turkey Montserrat New Caledonia United Arab Emerites Netherlands Antilles Norfolk Island Yemen Puerto Rico Solomon Islands St. Kitts, Nevis & Anguilla Tonga St. Lucia Japan .....~$$§9~fi~d!!\fd(#t($$§9~fi~d!!\fd(#t •••••••••••·.?······· North Korea Vanuata Botswana St. Vincent South Korea Western Somoa Lesotho Trinidad & Tobago Taiwan Namibia Virgin Islands

•••t.z$9ij#i.4rn~fi~ijU South Africa

~¥.iiiij#~9r~#~!\.f.r~9#.}~¥.iiiij#~9r!~~!\'f.r~~~.)...... '.'Aigentfll.a···Aigenth1~··· Swaziland Burundi Bolivia

Cameroon Brazil .J~$Qijtb~fh4ii.M.!~$Qijjb~fhAii.~) Central African Republic Chile Afganistan Chad Colombia Bangladesh Congo Ecuador Bhutan Equatorial Guinea French Guiana India Gabon Guyana Nepal Rwanda Paraguay Pakistan Zaire Peru Sri Lanka Surinam

Uraguay nl7$@m~rij)i)ijr9P~//·i\.·.·.·· Venezuela

Appendix 3: PROSPECT data addition page xvii.

Numbers of individual data items added to the PROSPECT database during the ITTO project, in comparison to the original data content

Type of data Number of Number of All data, currently New data as % of individual data individual data in PROSPECT all data items prior to items added ITTO project during ITTO project

Property data 59617 76316 135933 56.14%

End-use data 20428 28308 48736 58.08%

Distribution data 3787 3704 7491 49.45

VemacularVernacular data 13256 13086 26342 49.68

Table 1.

Number of individual data items held in the Prospect database before and after the ITTO project

80000 - 76316

70000

60000 o data added during the project 50000 .original data Items of data 40000 30000

20000 13086 13256 10000 3704 3787 0 Property Use data Distribution Vernacular data data names Type of data

Table 2.

PROSPECT: CONTACT DETAILS

Version 1.2 of thethe PROSPECT database isis now available for immediateimmediate distribution. If you would likelike toto receive further informationinformation on how toto obtain a copy and be kept informedinformed of thethe latestlatest developments and current prices, thenthen we can be contacted as detailed below.

If you have a copy of version 1.1 of PROSPECT, and would likelike toto obtain version 1.2, then please contact us for further details on how to upgrade.

If you have a copy of version 1.1 of PROSPECT marked as a 'Complimentary'Complimentary Copy', then please complete and return the Registration Form, and you will be forwarded version 1.2.

ADDRESS: 'PROSPECT' The Oxford Forestry Institute Department of Plant Sciences South Parks Road OXFORD OXl 3RB U.K.

TELEPHONE: (44) 1865275068

FAX: (44) 1865275074

E-MAIL: [email protected]

The Oxford Forestry Institute has recently installed a 'Home Page' on the 'World Wide Web', where further information about the Institute can be accessed. It is our intention to provide information on PROSPECT via this facility in the near future. The address is:

ifs. plants.ox.ac.uk