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Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-13756-1 - A History of Twentieth-Century American Women’s Poetry Edited by Linda A. Kinnahan Index More information

Index

A Book of Women’s Verse, 188 Aldington, Richard, 175, 275 Adam, Helen, 246 Alexander, Elizabeth, 53, 133, 134, 135, 338n33 Adams, Marina, 356 “Praise Song for the Day”, 135 Adorno, Theodore, 360 The Venus Hottentot, 134 African American anthologies Alexander, Meena, 95 Black Fire, 129 Allen, Donald Black Nature: Four Centuries of African- The New American Poetry: 1945–1960 (ed.), 67, American Nature Poetry, 233 245, 246, 247, 248, 330 Caroling Dusk, 125, 178, 179, 181 Allen, Paula Gunn, 88 The Black Aesthetic, 129 “Some Like Indians Endure”, 88 The Negro Caravan: Writings by American Alta, 92, 194, 196, 198, 199 Negroes, 127 Alurista, 112 The New Negro, 125, 126, 178, 182, 183 Return: Alurista Poems Collected and New, 115 Understanding the New Black Poetry, 129 Alvarez, Julia, 270 African American women’s anthologies An Anthology of New York Poets, 249 Black Sister, 199 Anderson, Margaret, 42, 171, 336 Home Girls: A Black Feminist Anthology, Andrews, Jennifer, 14 164 Angelou, Maya, 128, 132, 133 Shadowed Dreams:Women’s Poetry of the “On the Pulse of Morning”, 135 Harlem Renaissance, 125 Ankerson, Ingrid The Black Woman, 129, 130, 265 Cruising, 370 Women of the Harlem Renaissance, 125 anthologies. Agostini de del Río, Amelia, 110, 116, 117–118 cultural work of, 241–256, 386–388 Con el duelo de mi corazón (Insomnios) [With See African American anthologies, African Sorrow in My Heart (Insomnia)], 118 American women’s anthologies, Asian Song to San Juan, Purerto Rico, and Other American anthologies, Asian American Poems, 118 women’s anthologies, Beat-era anthologies, Vignettes of Puerto Rico, 118 early anthologies, feminist anthologies, Agrarianism, 242, 243, 255 Jewish women’s anthologies, lesbian/gay Ai, 95, 132 anthologies, Native American anthologies, Cruelty, 186 Native American women’s anthologies, Vice: New and Selected Poems, 133 women of color anthologies, twenty-ﬁrst- AIDS, 57 century anthologies Akiko, Yosano, 193 Anthropocene, 224 Alaimo, Stacy, 226 Anzaldúa, Gloria, 65, 165, 301, 353, 354 Alarcón, Norma, 111 Borderlands/La Frontera, 37, 165, 285, 354 Writing Self, Writing Nation, 96 “Interface”, 65 Aldan, Daisy, 335 Making Face, Making Soul / Haciendo Caras A New Folder (ed.), 335 (ed.), 65, 164 “Once Upon an El”, 336 This Bridge Called My Back (ed.), 65, 111, 164 translation of Mallarmé’s Un coup de dés Apollinaire, 345 (A Roll of the Dice), 336 “calligrammes”, 340 437

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-13756-1 - A History of Twentieth-Century American Women’s Poetry Edited by Linda A. Kinnahan Index More information

438 Index

Aristotle, 98 Baraka, Amiri, 64, 190, 247, See also LeRoi Jones Armantrout, Rae, 34, 165, 341, 383, 403 Black Fire (ed.), 129 Armini, Johari, 131 Barba, Sharon Arnold, Mary-Kim Rising Tides (ed.), 195 Lust, 370 Barnes, Djuna, 171, 277, 328 Ashbery, John, 43, 249 Book of Repulsive Women, 333 Ashton, Jennifer, 198, 386, 389 Barney, Natalie, 276, 277, 278 “Our Bodies Our Poems”, 386 “Double Being”, 277 Asian American anthologies Poems and Poèmes: autres alliances, 277 Asian-American Heritage, 95 Barton, Clara Virginia, 217 Ayumi ( Japanese American), 95 Bass, Ellen Counterpoint, 95 No More Masks! (ed.), 197 Liwanag (Filipino American), 95 Baudelaire, Charles, 143, 316 May Sky (Japanese American), 93, 97 Beach, Sylvia, 171 Roots, 95 Beat poetry, 60, 69, 269, 355 Time to Greez!, 95 Beat/Beats, 66, 190, 245, 260, 328, 354 Yellow Pearl, 95 Beat-era anthologies Asian American movement, 93, 95, 282 Four Young Lady Poets, 189, 190 Asian American women poets, 90–104 Four Young Women, 189, 190, 191, 195, Angel Island, 94 196 Asian American women’s anthologies Belieu, Erin, 200 Breaking Silence, 95 Belin, Esther, 89 The Forbidden Stitch, 95 Benét, Laura, 204 The Very Inside, 95 Bennett, Gwendolyn, 49, 125, 179, 183 assimilation, 77, 92, 100, 281 “Advice”, 180 Atwood, Margaret, 194, 198 “Fantasy”, 181, 182 Aunt Lute, 165, 394 and little magazines, 171 autobiography, 34, 77, 81, 85, 134, 330, 333 “Street Lamps in Early Spring”, 364 avant-garde, the, 48, 135, 166, 225, 243–254, 266, “The Ebony Flute”, 179 323–336, 378, 381, 386 “To a Dark Girl”, 10, 181 avantgardism, 66–69 “To Usward”, 179 and Asian American women’s poetry, Bergé, Carol, 190 96–97 Bergvall, Caroline and class, 328 I’ll Drown My Book: Conceptual Writing by and gender, 258, 327, 328, 332, 333, Women (ed.), 358n40, 387–388 339, 345 Berke, Nancy, 17, 279, 316 and race, 327, 328 Berlant, Lauren, 319 and sexual identity, 328 The Female Complaint, 320 Awiakata, Marilou, 89 Bernikow, Louise Ayscough, Florence, 275 The World Split Open (ed.), 156–162, 168n7, 197, 199 Baartman, Saartjie, 134 Bernstein, Charles, 276 Back, Rachel Tzvia, 149 “Poetics of the Americas”, 286 ballad, 34, 181, 231, 232, 324, 332, Berssenbrugge, Mei-Mei, 90, 95, 96, 98, Bambara, Toni Cade, 130, 133, 265 349 The Black Woman (ed.), 129, 130, 265 Hello, the Roses, 230 Bang, Mary Jo, 380–381 Bertram, Vicki, 194 “A Sonata for Four Hands”, 381 Bervin, Jen “And as in Alice”, 380 Nets, 388 Elegy, 381 “Silverettes”, 388 “No More”, 381 Bessa, A. S., 346 The Bride of E, 380 Bhabha, Homi, 276 The Eye Like a Strange Balloon, 380 biblical allusions/references, 51, 54, 85, 86, 126, “The Role of Elegy”, 381 143, 145, 146, 181, 297 Banggo, Kathy Dee Kaleokealoha, 284 Binyon, Laurence, 275

Index 439

Bird, Gloria, 89, 271 poetry editor of the New Yorker, 311 Reinventing the Enemy’s Language (ed.), Bontemps, Arna, 8 75, 82 The Negro Caravan: Writings by American bisexual, 49, 88, 277 Negroes (ed.), 127 Bishop, Elizabeth, 28, 41, 43, 47, 53, 195, 198, Boultenhouse, Charles, 335 199, 231, 242, 262, 263, 264, 279, 331 Bowles, Gloria, 312 “Arrival at Santos”, 280 Boyle, Kay, 279 “Crusoe in England”, 280 “The United States”, 279 “Florida”, 53 “To America”, 279 Geography III, 53 Bradstreet, Anne, 4, 107, 188, 198, 323 “Jerónimo’s House”, 53 “The Prologue”, 188 North and South, 53 The Tenth Muse, 107 “North Haven”, 263 Braithwaite, William Stanley, 170, 178, 180 “Over 2,000 Illustrations and a Complete Brant, Molly, 88 Concordance”, 280 Bray, Joe The Routledge Companion to “Paris, 7 A.M.”, 53 Experimental Literature (ed.), 324 “Questions of Travel”, 280 Bridge, 95 Questions of Travel, 53 Broadside Press, 129 “Roosters”, 54 Brodine, Karen, 162 “Seascape”, 53 Brontë, Emily, 188 “Squatter’s Children”, 61 Brooks, Cleanth, 317 “The Fish”, 54 Brooks, Gwendolyn, 8, 31, 41, 52, 53, 59, 60, “The Man Moth”, 57 127–129, 134, 161, 195, 198, 231, 244, 264, 265, “The Map”, 53 270, 313, 320 Black Arts movement, 52, 56, 60, 64, 65, 67, 123, “A Bronzeville Mother Loiters in Mississippi. 124, 127, 128–132, 133, 134, 190, 250, 252, 265, Meanwhile, A Mississippi Mother Burns 350, 353 Bacon”, 332 Black aesthetic, 128 A Street in Bronzeville, 52, 128, 231 Black Arts canon, 128 Annie Allen, 35, 52, 53, 128, 231 Black Arts poetics, 131 “Beverly Hills, Chicago”, 231 Black Arts women poets, 128–132 “Gay Chaps at the Bar”, 53 Black Dialogue, 129 In the Mecca, 59–60, 232, 270 black female body, 134 “Kitchenette Building”, 53, 128 Black Mountain school, 66, 190, 242, 245, 247, Maud Martha, 232 249, 252, 253, 377 “Negro Hero”, 53 Black nationalism, 64, 131 “Riot”, 128 Black Opals, 171, 179 “The Anniad”, 53, 128, 270 Black Power movement, 56, 64, 127, 128, 129, The Bean Eaters, 59 136, 265 “The Last Quatrain of Emmett Till”, 332 Blaeser, Kimberly, 81, 83–84, 86 “The Lovers of the Poor”, 231 Absentee Indians & Other Poems, 83 “the mother”, 52, 161 Apprenticed to Justice, 83 “The Preacher Ruminates Behind the “Living History”, 83 Sermon”, 301 “Sewing Memories”, 83 “The Sundays of Satin-Legs Smith”, 52 Trailing You, 83 Broom, 171, 278, 279 “Y2K Indian”, 84 Brown, Rita Mae, 199 Bloch, Chana, 149 Brown, Sterling 136n2 Bloom, Harold, 260, 291 The Negro Caravan: Writings by American blues, 34, 52, 56, 67, 69, 124, 135, 157, 161, 172, 180, Negroes (ed.), 127 183, 231 Browne, Laynie, 380, 387 female blues singers, 49, 50, 135, 159 Daily Sonnets, 380 Bogan, Louise, 6–8, 34, 64, 264, 268, 270, 307, I’ll Drown My Book:Conceptual Writing 309–315, 316, 319 By Women (ed.), 387–388 Achievement in American Poetry, 6, 311 Browning, Elizabeth Barrett, 78, 188, Body of This Death, 314 258, 259

440 Index

Browning, Robert, 370 “Uncle’s First Rabbit”, 113 Bruce-Novoa, Juan, 285 Cha, Theresa Hak Kyung, 96, 98, 102, 283, 285 Bryant, Marsha, 18 DICTEE, 37, 68, 96, 102, 270, 283, 330, 355 Women’s Poetry and Popular Culture, 217 “Gratuity”, 68 Bryher, 47, 171, 357 “Love Poetry”, 68 Bulosan, Carlos, 94 Challenge, 125, 171 Burke, Carolyn, 293 Chang, Diana Burlak, Ann, 162 The Frontiers of Love, 94 Bush-Banks, Olivia Ward Chang, Juliana, 15 “On the Long Island Indian”, 78 Chasar, Mike, 18 Buss, Kate, 177 Chester, Laura Butler, Judith, 390 Rising Tides (ed.), 195 Gender Trouble, 386 Chiang, Fay, 95 Butler, Octavia, 133 Chicago Women’s Liberation Rock Band, 193 Chicana/Latina women poets, 106–120 CALYX, 167, 196 Chicano movement, 110, 111, 115 Campbell, Anne, 204, 211, 212, 216, 219, 220 Chi-Ha, Kim, 144, 286 “And So Are You”, 214, 216 Child, Abigail, 357 “Visitin’ the “School”, 209 Chin, Marilyn, 95, 96, 268 Candelaria, Cordelia Chávez, 15, 109 Christianity, 77, 85, 86, 126, 143, 290, 293, Canyon Sam, 95 294, 299 Carmody, Teresa Chrystos, 88 I’ll Drown My Book:Conceptual Writing Not Vanishing, 88 By Women (ed.), 387–388 “O Honeysuckle Woman”, 88 Carson, Rachel Chung, Frances Silent Spring, 224 Crazy Melon and Chinese Apple, 93 Casals, Lourdes, 106, 120 Churchill, Suzanne, 17, 125 Castellanos, Rosario, 106, 120 cinepoetry, 357 Castillo, Ana, 109, 110, 111, 115 Civil Rights movement, 56, 91, 92, 118, 129, 136, “El Sueño”, 110 162, 231, 326, 385 I Ask the Impossible, 111 Clairvoyant Journal, 349, 350 I Close My Eyes to See, 110 Clark, Suzanne, 320 Love Like an Onion, 111 Sentimental Modernism, 318 Massacre of the Dreamers, 111 Clarke, Helen, 41 My Father Was a Toltec and Selected Poems class, xiv, 8, 56, 99, 126, 128, 129, 140, 158, 159, 161, 1973–1988, 111 164, 165, 180, 245, 270, 279, 285, 316, 331, 354, Otro Canto, 110 See also intersectionality Psst– I have something to tell you, mi amor: two Clausen, Jan, 162 plays, 111 Cleaver, Kathleen, 333 Sapogonia:An Anti-Romance in 3/8 Meter, 111 Clifton, Lucille, 128, 129, 132, 268, 285, 353 So Far from God, 111 Blessing the Boats: New and Selected Poems, The Mixquiahuala Letters, 111 1988–2000, 133 Cecire, Natalia, 229 Close Up, 171 Cervantes, Lorna Dee, 109, 110, 112, 115 Coatsworth, Elizabeth, 204 “Beneath the Shadow of the Freeway”, 113, The Cat Who Went to Heaven, 204 114 Cobb, Allison Bird Avenue, 113 Green-Wood, 225 Ciento: 100 100-Word Love Poems, 115 Coblentz, Catherine Cate, 204 Emplumada, 112 code-switching, 38, 119, 353, 354 “Emplumada”, 114 Cofer, Judith Ortiz, 116, 285 From the Cables of Genocide, 113 “El Olvido”, 285 “Oranges”, 114 The Latin Deli, 285 “Poem for the Young White Man”, 113 Coke, Allison Adelle Hedge, 89 “Refugee Ship”, 114 Cole, Norma, 342, 357 “The Levee: Letter to No One”, 114 Coleman, Ornette, 67

Index 441

Coleman, Wanda, 132, 270 Dahlen, Beverly, 40n15, 165, 166, 342 Colette, 194 Daly, Mary, Collins, Martha Beyond God the Father: Toward a Philosophy of Blue Front, 385 Women’s Liberation, 186 Collins, Patricia Hill, 134 Damon, Maria, 140 colonialism, 50, 77, 78, 80, 82, 85, 86, 101, 106, “Kozmic Reappraisals”, 102 108, 284 Daniels, Kate, 255 Coltrane, Alice, 192 Danner, Margaret, 129 Coltrane, John, 65, 130 Darragh, Tina, 348 concrete poems, 223, 333 Dauenhauer, Nora Marks, 79 Concretism, 345, 346, 348 “Cross Talk”, 80 An Anthology of Concrete Poetry, 345 “Genocide”, 80 Concrete Poetry: A World View, 345 Life Woven with Song, 80 Conditions, 165 The Droning Shaman, 80 Coniﬀ, Brian, 252 Davidson, Michael, 340, 383 Constructivism, 326 Davies, Mary Carolyn, 173, 203 Cook-Lynn, Elizabeth, 79 “Love Songs of a Girl”, 173 Corbin, Alice, 171 Davis, Angela, 191, 137n25 “Indian Songs”, 176 Davis, Thulani, 102 “Songs of the Coast-Dwellers”, 176 de Burgos, Julia, 109, 110, 116–117, 118, 119 Corpi, Lucha, 110, 115 El mar y tú, y otros poemas (The Sea and You and “Marina Poems”, 110 Other Poems), 116 Variaciones Sobre una Tempestad, 110 “Río Grande de Loiza”, 116 Cortez, Jayne, 37, 67, 128, 129, 225, 350 Poemas en veinte surcos (Poems in Twenty “How Long Has Trane Been Gone”, 130 Furrows), 116 “Phraseology”, 68 de Cristoforo, Violet Kazue Scariﬁcations, 68 May Sky (ed.), 97 Costello, Bonnie, 262 de Gourmont, Remy Coultas, Brenda, 354, 391 The Natural Philosophy of Love, 5 Court Green, 255, 268 de Hirsch, Storm, 335 Coverly, M. D. de Hoyos, Angela, 106, 120 Accounts of the Glass Sky, 371 de la Cruz, Sor Juana Inés, 107, 111, 115, 117 Cowdery, Mae, 125, 126 de Zayas, Marius, 362 Cox, Ida, 49 Debo, Annette, 275 “One-Hour Mama”, 50 Debord, Guy, 364 “Wild Women Don’t Have the Blues”, 50 Decadence, 48 Crane, Hart, 363, 365 Deed, Martha The Bridge, 363 “Morningside Vector Space”, 370 Creeley, Robert, 247, 249 “No War”, 370 Crisis, The, 125, 171, 176, 178, 179, 180, 182, Oilupoems, 370 264, 265 “Poggle”, 370 Crosby, Caresse, 171 “Sundays in the Park”, 370 Portfolio, 335 “The Electronic Muse, 370 Cruz, Victor Hernandez, 102 Deford, Miriam Allen Cubism, 140, 340, 341 “Love Chants”, 177 Cullen, Countee Delany, Clara Scott Caroling Dusk (ed.), 125, 178, 181 “The Mask”, 180 cultural appropriation by white poets, 176, 276 Densmore, Frances, 76 cummings, e.e., 142, 341, 346 Derricotte, Toi, 132, 133, 136 Cunard, Nancy, 171 Dhompa, Tsering Wangmo, 233 Curie, Marie, 163 di Prima, Diane, 190, 196, 244, 333 Dial, The, 43, 50, 171, 308 D’Orge, Jeanne dialect, 38, 107, 138, 274, 285 “The Meat Press”, 174 Dickinson, Emily, 31, 41, 42, 43, 114, 188, 198, 200, Dada, 48, 141, 278, 326, 362 204, 218, 219, 241, 258, 259, 266, 290, 291,

442 Index

292, 295, 298, 300, 320, 323, 325, 330, 332, The Consequence of Innovation: 21st Century 334, 371 Poetics, 377 A Single Hound, 310 Dyer, Richard “Route of Evanescence”, 114 White, 175 Divakaruni, Chitra, 95, 97 “Yuba City School”, 101 early anthologies The Reason for Nasturtiums, 96 Gems from American Female Poets, 4 Dlugoszewski, Lucia, 335 The Poets and Poetry of America, 4 Doolittle, Hilda. See H.D. (Eastman), Elaine Goodale, 41 Dos Passos, John, 278 ecopoetics, 225, 235, 331 Doubiago, Sharon, 267 Egoist, 171 Hard Country, 270 Eichhorn, Kate double consciousness, 123, 181 Prismatic Poetics (ed.), 387 Dove, Rita, 132, 133, 135 Eiselein, Gregory, 139 Grace Notes, 133 elegy, 224, 324, 332, 381 Mother Love, 133 Eliot, George, 188 Museum, 133 Eliot, T. S., 45, 261, 308, 313, 317, 318, 361 “Nestor’s Bathtub”, 133 Prufrock and Other Observations, 308 On the Bus with Rosa Parks, 133 The Waste Land, 293 “Pastoral”, 133 Elmslie, Kenward, 335 The Yellow House on the Corner, 133 Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 42, 65, 110 Thomas and Beulah, 133, 134 Emmanuel, Lynn Dragomoshchenko, Arkadii, 286 “The Planet Krypton”, 365 Drake, William, 310 Eng, Gay, 99 Dropkin, Celia, 142, 143 “My Mama”, 99 “The Circus Lady”, 143 epic, 35–36, 47, 53, 58, 59, 60, 128, 134, 135, 231, Drucker, Johanna, 261, 340, 348, 355 270, 324, 330, 332, 334, 343, 349, 363 Du Bois, W.E.B., 64, 117 Epilogue, 171 The Souls of Black Folk, 123, 181 Erdrich, Heid E., 89 Duchamp, Marcel, 326 Erdrich, Louise, 76, 85–86, 271 duCille, Ann, 184 Baptism of Desire, 85 Dudley, Helen “Birth”, 86 “To One Unknown”, 173 Jacklight, 85 Dunbar, Paul Laurence, 125 “The Potchikoo Stories”, 85 “Sympathy”, 127 Erickson, Bruce Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, 31, 41, 125 Queer Ecologies: Sex, Nature, Politics, Desire Duncan, Robert, 247, 299, 342 (ed.), 223 Dungy, Camille Esteves, Sandra María, 109, 118–120 Black Nature: Four Centuries of African “A Julia y a mí”, 119 American Nature Poetry (ed.), 233 Tropical Rains: A Bilingual Downpour, 119 DuPlessis, Rachel Blau, 13, 23, 65–66, 149, 165, Yerba Buena: dibujos y poemas (Spearmint: 241, 251, 252, 267, 271, 293, 301, 329, 337, 339, Sketches and Poems), 119 341, 342–345, 348, 349, 388 Evans, Mari, 129 Blue Studios, 39n1, 241, 257n39, 337n18 Expressionism, 326 The Collage Poems of Drafts, 357n11 Drafts, 40n15, 65, 66, 343–344 Fabio, Sarah Webster Graphic Novella, 357n11 “Tripping with Black Writing”, 129 H.D.: The Career of that Struggle, 70n2 Falk, Marcia, 148–149 The Objectivist Nexus (ed.), 251 “Kaddish: Beauty of the World”, 148 The Pink Guitar: Writing as Feminist Practice, The Book of Blessings, 148 37, 40n12, 66, 169, 392n17 The Days Between, 148 “Writing”, 66, 343–344 The Song of Songs (transl.), 149 Dworkin, Craig Far, Sui Sin, 90 Against Expression (ed.), 387 Fauset, Jessie Redmon, 171, 176, 179, 182, 264, 265

Index 443

“Looking Glass”, 176, 179, 182 Fabulas de la garza desangrada (Fables of the Feinstein, Amy, 140 Bleeding Heron), 118 female body, 134, 159, 174, 175, 196, 225–228, 361, Papeles de Pandora (Pandora’s Papers), 118 368, 370, 384, 388, 389 Field, Edward, 335 feminism, 30, 36, 39, 65, 95, 117, 131, 133, 139, Fields, Julia, 350 155–167, 197, 243–256, 331, 357, 361, 370, 386, Finch, Annie, 200, 263, 312 389, See also intersectionality Preface to Letters to the World, 200 Black feminism, 131, 132, 135, 159, 353 Finkelstein, Norman, 291 Chicana/Latina feminism, 110, 354 Finlay, Ian Hamilton, 345 Christian feminism, 131 Finney, Nikky, 136 ecofeminism, 225, 227, 228, 332 Fire!!, 125, 171, 178, 179 exclusion of women writers of color, 164 Firebrand, 165 “feminism of reception”, 26 Fitzgerald, F. Scott, 140 feminist avant-garde, 166 Flarf collective, 391 feminist canon, 158 Flaubert, Gustave, 101 feminist criticism/scholarship, 9, 12, 29, 31, 34, Flint, R.W., 8 166, 199, 241–256, 318, 342, 354, 379–380 Folder magazine, 335 feminist poetry movement, 27, 28, 32, 57, 156, Folder poets, 328, 334–336 162, 164, 167 Forché, Carolyn, 267 ﬁrst-wave feminism, 10, 17, 47, 50, 159, 160, “The Colonel”, 61 214, 316, 326 Foucault, Michel, 277 French feminism, 197 Francisco, Nia, 89 international feminism, 116 Franken, Claudia, 297 Native American Christian feminism, 87 Franklin, Viola Price, 203 and poetry, 66, 145, 165, 195, 254, 311–312, 313, Fraser, Kathleen, 67, 165–166, 196, 244, 245, 249, 320, 343, 346, 349, 386–388 250, 251, 253, 254, 259, 265, 267, 336, second-wave feminism, 17, 56, 57, 63–64, 65, 342–345, 353 92, 95, 97, 111, 132, 145, 164, 186, 187, 193, 326 “Etruscan Pages”, 67, 344, 357 third-wave feminism, 389–391 “Poem in Which My Legs Are and visual poetics, 339 Accepted”, 196 feminist anthologies “Tradition of Marginality”, 253 A Fierce Brightness, 197 Translating the Unspeakable, 37, 243, 253 A Megaphone, 386 when new time folds up, 67 Anthology of Women Poets, 187, 189, 192, 195 WING, 344 Four Young Women, 187, 191 Fredman, Stephen, 290 Gurlesque: The New Grrly, Grotesque, free verse, 42, 49, 50, 52, 53, 127, 173, 174, 175, 177, Burlesque Poetics, 387, 389–391 180, 278, 323, 332, 340, 357 Home Girls: A Black Feminist Anthology, 164 Freewoman, 171 Mountain Moving Day, 187, 191, 193–197 Freud, 293, 297, 301 No More Masks!, 187, 190, 192, 194, 195, Freytag-Loringhoven, Elsa von, 274, 278, 341 197–200, 260 “readymades”, 333 Psyche, 187, 188, 189, 195, 197–200 Friedan, Betty Rising Tides, 187, 190, 193–197, 198, 199 The Feminine Mystique, 56, 64 The Bloodaxe Book of Contemporary Women Friedman, Susan Stanford, 270 Poets, 199 Frost, Elisabeth, 22, 63, 252, 253, 327, 331 The Extraordinary Tide, 197, 200, 260 Innovative Women Poets:An Anthology of The World Split Open, 162, 199 Contemporary Poetry and Interviews This Bridge Called My Back: Writings by (ed.), 250 Radical Women of Color, 65, 164 The Feminist Avant-Garde in American Poetry, Women’s Liberation and Literature, 195 66, 169n30, 252, 337n6 Women’s Work, 196 Frost, Frances, 204 Fenollosa, Mary McNeil, 41 Fugitive poets, 242, 255 Ferré, Rosario, 109, 116, 118 Fujita, Jim, 94 “La muñeca menor” (“The Youngest Fuller, Ethel Romig, 202–204, 212, 213, 214, Doll”), 118 216, 219

444 Index

Fuller, Ethel Romig, (cont.) Goldsmith, Kenny “On Air”, 217 Against Expression (ed.), 387 “Garden Bells”, 202 Gómez deAvellaneda, Gertrudis, 106 “Proof ?”, 203, 205, 217, 218, 219 González, César, 112 Fulton, Alice Goody, Alex, 22 “Give: A Sequence Reimagining Daphne and Gordon, Nada, 391 Apollo”, 59 Gould, Janice, 75 Futurism, 48, 141, 258, 278, 326, 341, 362 Gould, Joy, 335 Gould, Tiffany Midge García Márquez, Gabriel, 111 Outlaws, Renegades and Saints, 89 Garrigue, Jean, 335 Graham, Jorie, 59, 267, 282, 383 Gaspar de Alba, Alicia, 106, 120 “I Was Taught Three”, 282 Gates, Jr., Henry Louis, 123 Grahn, Judy, 165, 199, 254 The Signifying Monkey: A Theory of African A Woman Is Talking to Death, 37, 61, 165 American Literary Tradition, 124 Really Reading Gertrude Stein, 267 gay, 64, 88 “The Queen of Swords”, 270 Gayle, Jr., Addison Gray, Jeffrey, 385 The Black Aesthetic (ed.), 129 The New American Poetry of Engagement gaze, the, 34, 194, 196, 333, 357, 389 (ed.), 382 gender roles, 117, 126, 132, 145, 146, 148, 159, 285, Great Depression, the, 50, 161, 183 326, 354, 361, 368, 387, 388, See also Greenberg, Arielle, 256, 264, 389 intersectionality Gurlesque: The New Grrly, Grotesque, Gibbons, Alison Burlesque Poetics (ed.), 387, 389–391 The Routledge Companion to Experimental “Some Notes on the Origin of the (Term) Literature (ed.), 324 Gurlesque,”, 389 Gibbs, Willard, 371 Women Poets on Mentorship (ed.), 264 Gill, Elaine, 193, 194, 393 Greenfield Review Press, 79 Gilman, Charlotte Perkins, 155 Gregor, Arthur, 335 Giovanni, Nikki, 128, 129, 136, 187, 195, 198, Grenier, Robert, 349 199, 265 Griffin, Susan, 92, 187 “For Saundra”, 198 “An Answer to a Man’s Question, “Revolutionary Music”, 130 ‘What Can I Do about Women’s “Woman Poem”, 198 Liberation?’”, 194 Girard, Melissa, 21 “Prayer for Continuation”, 364 Glancy, Diane, 79, 86–87, 271 Women and Nature: The Roaring Inside Her, 37 (Ado)ration, 86 Grimké, Angelina Weld, 41, 125, 159 “A Confession or Apology for Christian Rachel, 314 Faith”, 86 Griswold, Rufus, 4 “A Hogan in Bethlehem”, 86 Grove Press, 246 “Caint Aint Abel”, 86 Guest, Barbara, 35, 67, 242, 244, 246, 249, 251, Claiming Breath, A Primer of the 253, 255, 256n29, 334, 349, 357 Obsolete, 86 Confetti Trees, 333, 367 The Closets of Dorcas, 86 “Parachutes My Love Could Carry Gleason, Madeline, 246 Us Higher”, 67 Glen, Emilie, 335 “The Aromas”, 367 Glenum, Laura, 389 The Blue Stairs, 336 Gurlesque: The New Grrly, Grotesque, The Open Skies, 336 Burlesque Poetics (ed.), 387, 389–391 Guest, Edgar, 211 Glissant, Édouard, 286 Glück, Louise, 28, 149 H.D. (Hilda Doolittle), 31, 34, 300 Going, Dale, 342 and Imagism, 47, 174 Golding, Alan and little magazines, 171 From Outlaw to Classic: Canons in American Borderline, 47 Poetry, 245 Close Up, 47, 330, 357 Goldman, Emma, 160, 171, 316 Helen in Egypt, 36, 47, 53, 58, 270

Index 445

Notes on Thought and Vision, 55, 225, 341 Hartshorne, Mary Cornelia, 78 “Oread”, 216 Hay, Sara Henderson, 204 “Pear Tree”, 177 Hayles, N. Katherine, 361 Sea Garden, 275, 308 Heap, Jane, 42, 171, 336 “Sea Lily”, 275 Heartney, Eleanor, 290 “Sea Poppies”, 275 Hébert, Jean-Pierre, 371 “Sea Rose”, 47 Hebrew, 138, 149 “Sea Violet”, 275 Hedges, Ada Hastings, 203 “Sheltered Garden”, 47 Hedges, Clara Virginia Barton, 213 “The Wise Sappho”, 10 Heidegger, Martin, 290, 298, 300, 360 Trilogy, 36, 47–48, 341, 344 “The Question Concerning Technology”, 360 Hacker, Marilyn, 200, 270, 320 Heinen, Heinrich, 149 Hagedorn, Jessica, 95, 97, 102, 104, 191, 194 Hejinian, Lyn, 34, 68, 265, 266, 286, 381 “Autobiography Part One”, 191 Leningrad: American Writers in the Soviet “Epic Eulogy for Boy and Girl Who Almost Union, 286 Killed Each Other with Aspirin for Love My Life, 37, 68, 331 and Homosexuality and Pregnancy’s Oxota: A Short Russian Novel, 286 Sake”, 191 The Language of Inquiry, 37 I, That Am Ever Stranger: Poems on Woman’s “The Rejection of Closure”, 68 Experience, 192 Hellerstein, Kathryn, 16 “Sorcery,” 102 Hemings, Sarah ‘Sally’, 108 Hahn, Kimiko, 95, 97 Hemingway, Ernest, 140, 266, 313 “The Hemisphere: Kuchuk Hanem”, 101 Henderson, Alice Corbin, 171 The Unbearable Heart, 101 Henderson, Stephen, Understanding the New haiku, 93, 94, 97, 175, 232, 275 Black Poetry (ed.), 129, 130 Hale, Janet Campbell, 79 Heschel, Caroline, 163 Hall, Hazel, 213 heterosexism, 111 Hammond, Eleanor, 203 Heuving, Jeanne, 14 Hanem, Kuchuk, 101 Higginson, Ella, 204 Haraway, Donna, 361 Hill, Roberta, 79, 84 Harjo, Joy, 76, 80, 81–83, 270, 271, 300 Philadelphia Flowers, 84 “A Woman Hanging from the Thirteenth Star Quilt, 84 Floor Window”, 82 Hillman, Brenda, 222–224, 385 “Bleed Through”, 301 Cascadia, 223 Crazy Brave, 82 “Ecopoetics Minifesto: A Draft for Angie”, 235 In Mad Love and War, 82 Pieces of Air in the Epic, 223 Reinventing the Enemy’s Language (ed.), 75, 82 Practical Water, 222, 223, 224 “Returning from the Enemy”, 82 Seasonal Works with Letters on Fire, 223, 236 “Transformations”, 82 hip hop, 124, 167, 220 Harlem Renaissance, 179, 181, 183, 185, 279, Hobson, Suzanne, 294 See also New Negro Hogan, Linda, 84–85 canon, 172, 183 Calling Myself Home, 84 politics of women’s respectability, 8 Savings, 85 women poets, 49–50 The Book of Medicines, 85 Harlem Riots, 127 Hogue, Cynthia, 14, 267 Harper, Frances E. W., 324, 325, 332 Innovative Women Poets: An Anthology of “A Double Standard”, 124 Contemporary Poetry and Interviews (ed.), 250 Harryman, Carla Hollenberg, Donna Krolik, 267 Animal Instincts, 69 H.D. and Poets After (ed.), 267 “Toy Boats”, 69 Holmes, Janet, 371 Vice, 69 Holocaust, the, 144, 145, 146, 149, 281, 364, 367 Hartigan, Grace Holt, Nora Douglas, 171 Masquerade (painting), 336 Holy Cow! Press, 79 Hartmann, Anna, 192 homophobia, 61, 111, 130 Hartmann, Sadakichi, 94 homosexual, 301

446 Index

Honey, Maureen, 125, 126, 264 “Recovery”, 100 Shadowed Dreams: Women’s Poetry of the Ikon, 97 Harlem Renaissance, 125 Imagism, 42, 47, 50, 157, 174, 175, 241, 243, 275, Hong, Cathy Park, 327 310, 339, 340, 341 Horkheimer, Max, 360 immigration HOW(ever), 67, 166, 167, 244, 249, 250, 259, 265 U.S. exlusion of Asians, 93–94 HOW2, 67, 167, 245, 336 Inez, Colette, 282 Howe, Fanny, 289–290, 292, 300 “Meeting in Germany”, 282 Howe, Florence, 197, 198, 260 internet, 167, 368, 382, 383, 391 “A Note on Black Poets”, 199 intersectionality of identity categories, 10, 59, 64, and The Feminist Press, 197 65, 75, 90, 91, 96, 108, 123, 125, 132, 135, 165, No More Masks! (ed.), 197, 260 182, 266, 326, 385 Howe, LeAnne, 89 Inzikhistn (Introspectivists), 142 Howe, Marie Jenney, 155 Irigaray, Luce, 290 Howe, Susan, 62–63, 165, 265, 266, 329, 342, 344, I-To, Wen, 94 345, 371, 388 Articulation of Sound Forms in Time, 345 Jacket 2, 255 Birth-Mark, 63 Jackson, “Aunt” Molly, 161 My Emily Dickinson, 37, 329, 345 Jackson, Angela, 132 Singularities, 63 Jackson, Laura (Riding), 28, 31, 171, 242, 244, Sorting Facts, or Nineteen Ways of Looking at 252, 280 Marker, 344 “Grace”, 280 The Liberties, 37 “La Naissance des Bébés Morts”/“Dead Birth”, 280 The Midnight, 344 “Laura and Francisca”, 280 “Thorow”, 63 The Life of the Dead, 280 Hoyt, Helen, 28, 31, 33, 157, 177 “The Trinity”, 280 “Retort”, 28–31, 157, 177 Jackson, Shelley, 370 Huang, Yunte, 275 “my body – a Wunderkammer”, 378 Hudson Review, 246 Patchwork Girl, 370 Hughes, Langston, 326 Jacobs, Harriet, 108 “The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain”, Jaffer, Frances, 166, 267 127, 129 James, Henry Hughes, Rupert (Chelifer), 42 “Accent of the Future”, 142 Huk, Romana, 20 Jarrell, Randall, 7 Hull, Gloria jazz, 56, 67, 69, 124, 130, 193, 231, 278, 333 Color, Sex, and Poetry: Three Women Writers of Jeffers, Honorée Fanonne, 136 the Harlem Renaissance, 125 Jeffers, Robinson, 146 Hungerford, Amy, 290 Jeon, Joseph, 96, 97, 98 Hunt, Erica, 133, 136, 261 Jewish American women poets, 138–149 “Notes for an Oppositional Poetics”, 37 Jewish women’s anthologies Hurston, Zora Neale, 64, 117 The Tribe of Dina, 146 Their Eyes Were Watching God, 127 Johns, Margaret, 170 Johnson, E. Pauline, 41, 77, 78 identity, 20, 76, 106, 115, 116, 132, 163, 165, 198, “A Cry from an Indian Wife”, 77 241, 271, 282, 290, 297, 330, 354, 357, 387 “The Cattle Thief”, 77 African American, 10–11, 123, 182, 227 Johnson, Georgia Douglas, 10, 41, 49, 125, Asian American, 91, 96, 350 126–127, 159, 171, 179, 180, 183 Jewish, 139, 141, 144, 145, 146, 148 An Autumn Love Cycle, 49, 126 Native American, 81, 83, 86, 87 Bronze, 126 Nuyorican, 118 “Hegira”, 49 Puerto Rican, 118 “Heritage”, 181 identity politics, 45, 56–57, 166, 331 “Ivy”, 49 Iijima, Brenda Share My World, 126 If Not Metamorphic, 230 The Heart of a Woman and Other Poems, Ikeda, Patricia 126, 178

Index 447

“The Heart of a Woman”, 126 Dream of Rain, 370 “The Mother”, 181 Mothering, 370 “Wishes”, 179, 180 Kim, Elaine Johnson, Helene, 31, 49, 125, 127 Writing Self, Writing Nation, 96 “Bottled”, 127, 279 Kim, Myung Mi, 90, 95, 98, 102, 350 “Poem”, 127 Under Flag, 283, 350 “Regalia”, 127 Kingston, Maxine Hong “Sonnet to a Negro in Harlem”, 127 Tripmaster Monkey, 90 “What Do I Care for Morning”, 364 Kinnahan, Linda A., 67, 166, 196, 252, 253, 331 Johnson, James Weldon Lyric Interventions, 169n30, 251, 338n22 The Book of American Negro Poetry, 125 Poetics of the Feminine, 252 Jolas, Maria, 171 Kittler, Friedrich, 361, 363 Jones, Gayl, 133 Kizer, Carolyn, 198, 199, 244, 311–312, 317, 320 Jones, LeRoi. See also Amiri Baraka “Pro Femina”, 195, 311 Four Young Lady Poets (ed.), 190 Klepﬁsz, Irena, 146–147 Jong, Erica, 194, 198 A Few Words in the Mother Tongue, 146 “Alcestis”, 193 Diﬀerent Enclosures: Poetry and Prose, 146 Jordan, Judy, 255 Dreams of an Insomniac, 146 Jordan, June, 132, 135, 288n57, 353 Etlekhe verter oyf mame-loshn (A few words in “Meta-Rhetoric”, 132 the mother tongue), 147 North Star, 132 “Fradel Schtok”, 147 On Call, 132 The Tribe of Dina: A Jewish Women’s Anthology Passion, 132 (ed.), 146 “The Bombing of Baghdad”, 364 Koch, Kenneth, 335 Things I Do in the Dark, 132 Kollwitz, Kathe, 155, 162 Journal of Black Poetry, 129 Koshy, Susan Joyce, James “The Fiction of Asian American Ulysses, 293 Literature”, 97 Joysmith, Claire Kreymborg, Alfred, 30, 157, 171, 173 Cantar de espejos: Poesía testimonial chicana de Kristeva, Julia, 291, 297 mujeres, 106 Kuenz, Jane, 125 Judaism, 143, 144, 148, 149, 290, 293, 294, 298, 299 Kumin, Maxine, 31, 149 Juhasz, Suzanne Kyger, Joanne, 225 Naked and Fiery Forms, 198 L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E. See Language Poetry Kalliope: A Journal of Women’s Literature & La Malinche, 107, 108, 110, 111, 115, 117 Art, 188 La Revue du Monde Noir, 171 Kane, Daniel, 247 Language Poetry, 66, 67, 68, 135, 247, 250, 260, All Poets Welcome: The Lower East Side Poetry 265, 266, 349, 377, 390 Scene in the 1960s, 253 Larsen, Deena Kane, Julie, 194 Marble Springs, 369, 370 Kapil, Bhanu, 230, 354, 384, 388 Marble Springs 3.0, 369 Humanimal: A Project for Future Children, Larsen, Jeanne, 310 230, 388 Lasker-Schüler, Else, 143 Schizophrene, 388 Last Poets, 118 Karle, Alice, 191 Lau, Carolyn, 95 Kasischke, Laura Lauter, Paul Space in Chains, 381 Canons and Contexts, 137n12, 245 Katz, Lisa, 149 Lazarus, Emma, 41, 149 Kaufman, Shirley, 149 “In the Jewish Synagogue at Newport”, 139 Keller, Lynn, 252, 263 “The New Colossus”, 139 Keniston, Ann, 385 “The New Year: Rosh-Hashanah, 5643”, 139 The New American Poetry of Engagement Le Voix des Negres, 179 (ed.), 382 Lee, Borghild, 203, 213 Kerman, Judith Lee, Li-Young, 98

448 Index

Lee, Seung Jae Coal, 132 “PARK”, 235 “Coal”, 227 Lerner, Ben, 383 From a Land Where Other People Live, lesbian, 28, 56, 64, 88, 145, 194, 270, 276 132 identity, 49, 111, 131–132, 146, 165 “Litany for Survival”, 163 poetry and writings, 11, 32, 42, 46, 61, 64, 88, “Never Take Fire from a Woman”, 132 95, 99, 112, 146, 147, 163, 197, 227, 267, New York Head Shop and Museum, 132 268, 301 Our Dead behind Us, 132 lesbian/gay anthologies “Poetry Is Not a Luxury”, 131 Amazon Poetry, 197 The Black Unicorn, 132, 163 Living the Spirit, 88 “The Black Unicorn”, 59 Naming the Waves, 197 The Cancer Journals, 227 Sovereign Erotics: A Collection of Two-Spirit love poetry, 45, 85, 88, 126, 143, 158, 160, 161, 258, Literature, 88 268, 307–321 The Very Inside, 95 Lowe, Lisa Levertov, Denise, 28, 61, 186, 187, 190, 198, 199, “ Heterogenety, Hybridity, Multiplicity: Asian 200, 234, 242, 244, 246, 247, 252, 253, 255, American Diﬀerences”, 91 264, 281, 282, 286, 298, 299–300, 335, 383 Lowell, Amy, 9, 31, 41, 42, 50, 157, 170, 172, 175, “A Map of the Western Part of the Country of 178, 187, 195, 197, 198, 213, 259, 264, 267, Essex in England”, 281 274, 275, 276, 308, 312, 317, 319, 320 “An English Field in the Nuclear Age”, 235 Can Grande’s Castle, 275 “During the Eichmann Trial”, 299 Fir-Flower Tablets, 275 “In California During the Gulf War”, 364 and Imagism, 42 “Matins”, 299 Pictures of the Floating World, 275 The Poet in the World, 186 “Patterns”, 42 “Two Threnodies and a Psalm”, 235 “Venus Transiens”, 42 “When We Look Up”, 300 “The Sisters”, 258 Levinas, Emmanuel, 298, 299 “The Weathercock Points South”, 42 Lewis, Wyndham, 341, 362 “Two Generations in American Poetry”, 258 Liberator, 129 What’sO’Clock, 42 Lincoln, Kenneth, 78 Lowry, Helen Bullitt, 170 Lister, Queene B., 203, 213 Loy, Mina, 7, 30, 31, 41, 48, 49, 50, 141–142, 160, little magazines, 41, 157, 167, 170–184, 217, 265, 161, 165, 173, 178, 225, 226, 241, 244, 274, 326, 334, 336 277, 278, 291, 292–296, 297, 299, 300, 301, African American women’s poetry, 178–183 341, 362, 364 and the avant-garde, 170, 172 “Anglo-Mongrels and the Rose”, 48, 49, 141, and class, 170 277, 293, 294 and cultural appropriation, 175 “Exodus”, 141, 293 and race, 170, 172 “Feminist Manifesto”, 314 white aesthetic of, 175 “Human Cylinders”, 362 white women’s poetry, 175–178 inﬂuence on modernists, 48 “women’s poetry” as category, 178 “Marriage and Love”, 160 Little Review, The, 42, 50, 157, 170, 171, 172, 176, 336 “Mass-Production on 14th Street”, 364 Locke, Alain “Modern Poetry”, 48, 142 The New Negro (ed.), 125, 126, 178, 182, 183 “Parturition”, 142, 225 Loftin, Elouise, 350 “Photo after Pogrom”, 364 long poem, xi, 11, 60, 65, 165, 232, 270, 293, “Songs to Joannes”, 30, 48, 160, 173, 277, 342, 365 330, 362 Long, Lily A., 173 “There Is No Love Alone”, 291 Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth “Virgins Plus Curtains Minus Dots”, 48 “The Jewish Cemetary at Newport”, 139 and technology, 362 Lorange, Astrid, 276 lyric “I”, 34, 191, 330 Lorde, Audre, 34, 64, 128, 129, 132, 135, 163–164, lyric poetry, 34, 35, 133, 173, 179, 196, 248, 252, 278, 165, 199, 226, 227, 228, 268, 300, 349 330, 332, 343, 379–382 Between Ourselves, 132 lyric tradition, 98, 166, 231, 232, 316

Index 449

Mackey, Nathaniel, 69, 350 Second April, 307 Macpherson, Kenneth, 47, 357 “Sonnets from an Ungrafted Tree”, 314 Madhubuti, Haki (Don. L. Lee), 131 “Spring”, 315 Making for the Open, 197 The Harp-Weaver and Other Poems, 307 Malcolm X, 130 The Murder of Lidice, 367 Mallarmé, Stéphane, 336, 340, 345 “The Pioneer”, 213 Un coup de dés (A Roll of the Dice), 336, 340, 348 Miller, Alice Duer, 157 Mango, 113 “Are Women People?”, 157 Mansﬁeld, Katherine, 171 Miller, Cristanne, 13, 41, 298 Marek, Jayne, 170 Miller, Nina, 316 Margolin, Anna, 143 Milne, Heather Lider, 143 Prismatic Poetics (ed.), 387 Marinetti, Filippo, 362 Milosz, Czeslow, 147 aeropoems, 365 Minnis, Chelsea Mark, Rebecca, 267 “Primrose”, 390 Marsden, Dora, 171 Zirconia, 390 Marshall, Paule, 133 Miranda, Deborah, 89 Martin, Agnes, 342 Mirikitani, Janice, 95, 96, 98, 102, 103–104 Martin, Dawn Lundy, 136 “Breaking Silence”, 283 Marvin, Cate, 200 “We, the Dangerous”, 103 Matisse, Henri, 140 misogyny, 36, 107, 118, 226, 227, 265, 317–318 Mayer, Bernadette, 34, 225 Mistral, Gabriela, 109 Midwinter Day, 333 Mix, Deborah, 20 Mayﬁeld, Suellen, 192 A Vocabulary of Thinking, 251 McAdam, Janet, 89 modernism, 5, 157, 183, 189, 293, 325, 361 McCombs, Judith, 192 modernism and gender, 5–6, 9–10, 11, 189, 241, McDougal, Elise Johnson 259, 260, 310, 341 “The Task of Negro Womanhood”, 10, 182 modernist canon, 172, 178, 184 McFarland, Elizabeth, 211 modernist movement/practices, 51, 224, 292, McGinley, Phyllis, 187, 204, 205 308–309, 315 McHale, Brian modernist poetry, 142, 170, 171, 178, 260, 298, The Routledge Companion to Experimental 308, 309, 317, 318 Literature (ed.), 324 Moïse, Penina, 139, 149 McKay, Claude, 319, 320 Fancy’s Sketch Book, 138 “America”, 319 Hymns Written for the Use of Hebrew McLane, Maureen Congregations, 138 Same Life, 381 Momaday, N. Scott Menken, Adah Isaacs, 139, 149 House Made of Dawn, 78 “Hear, O Israel!”, 138 Monro, Harold, 170 “Judith”, 139 Monroe, Harriet, 41, 42, 50, 170, 171, 176, 189, mestiza, 107, 165, 285, 301, 354 217, 274, 308 mestizaje, 106, 109, 115, 120 “At Noon”, 177 Metres, Philip, 388 “The Question”, 176 Meyer, Agnes Ernst “The Rose-Bush”, 175, 176 “Mental Reactions”, 362 Moore, Marianne, 7, 8, 31, 33, 34, 41, 43–45, 291, 362, 418 47, 48, 49, 51, 53, 125, 142, 158, 171, 178, 187, Middleton, Peter, 62 195, 197, 198, 199, 213, 229, 241, 244, 251, 259, Millay, Edna St. Vincent, 4, 8, 31, 34, 41, 42, 158, 262, 263, 264, 277, 278, 293, 298, 341, 160, 172, 178, 195, 198, 214, 216, 264, 268, 346, 364 270, 307, 309, 310, 311, 314–315, 316, “An Egyptian Pulled Glass Bottle in the Shape 317–321, 367 of a Fish”, 363 A Few Figs from Thistles, 307 “An Octopus”, 225 “I, being born a woman and distressed”, 42, environmental poetry, 45 160, 319 feminist, 45 and radio, 366 “Four Quartz Crystal Clocks”, 363

450 Index

Moore, Marianne (cont.) Naranjo-Morse, Nora, 79 and gender equality, 44 “When the Clay Calls”, 81 “Granite and Steel”, 363 Women: Poems from the Clay, 81 “Humility, Concentration, and Gusto”, 44 Nardal, Paulette, 171 “Idiosyncrasy and Technique”, 44 National Black Theater, 118 “New York”, 44, 364 Native American anthologies Observations, 45 Carriers of the Dream Wheel, 79 “Peter”, 44 Changing Is Not Vanishing, 78 read as, 45 Come to Power, 79 “Reinforcements”, 363 Living the Spirit, 88 review of The New American Poetry, 330 Sovereign Erotics: A Collection of Two-Spirit “The Fish”, 363 Literature, 88 “The Jerboa”, 363 Voices of the Rainbow, 79 “The Monkeys”, 45 Native American Renaissance, 78 “The Pangolin”, 363 Native American women poets, 75–89 “The Steeple-Jack”, 297 tribal song, 76, 81 “The Student”, 363 Native American women’s anthologies and technology, 362–363 Reinventing the Enemy’s Language, 75, 82 and The Dial, 43, 158, 264 Naylor, Gloria, 133 use of quotation, 45 Neal, Larry “Virginia Britannia”, 45 Black Fire (ed.), 129 Mora, Pat, 285 “The Black Arts Movement”, 129 “Echoes”, 285 Nealson, Christopher, 383 Moraﬀ, Barbara, 190 Negro Digest, 129 Moraga, Cherríe, 106, 111, 120, 164, 165 Nekola, Charlotte, 161 This Bridge Called My Back (ed.), 111, 164 Nelson, Alice Dunbar, 126 Moriarty, Laura, 342 Nelson, Cary Morley, Hilda, 252 Repression and Recovery, 245 Morris, Tracie, 37, 136, 384, 388 Nelson, Marilyn, 133, 136 Morrison, Toni, 133, 134 Neruda, Pablo, 116 Mortimer-Sandilands, Catriona New American poetry, 66 Queer Ecologies: Sex, Nature, Politics, Desire New Challenge, 171 (ed.), 223 New Conceptualists, 341 Moss, Thylias, 133, 136 New Criticism, 5, 7, 172, 178, 190, 192, 242, 245, Mother Earth, 171 248, 255, 317, 318, 320 Moulton, Louise Chandler, 41 New Formalism, 377 Mullen, Harryette, 34, 69, 133, 135, 250, 252, 255, New Freewoman, 170, 171, 172 266, 325, 370 New Negro, 49, 124, 127, 129, 130, 158, 178, 179, Muse & Drudge, 69, 135 182, See also Harlem Renaissance S*PeRM**K*T, 135, 266 women poets, 123, 124, 125–128, 130, 134 Trimmings, 135, 266 women poets and politics of respectability, Urban Tumbleweed: Notes from a Tanka 49–50, 125, 127, 159, 180 Diary, 232 New Negro movement, 170, 172 multimedia poetry, 36, 63, 67, 225, 334 New Negro Renaissance, 124, 158, 159, 264 Mulvey, Laura, 357 New Negro Woman, 183 Mura, David, 96 New Poetry, 174, 205, 217, 218, 219 Music and Poetry, 171 New Poetry movement, 170, 203 Muskrat, Ruth Margaret New Poets of England and America, 248 “Nunih Waiyah”, 78 New Woman, 160, 174, 202, 216, 279, 308, 310 “Sonnets from the Cherokee”, 78 New York school, 60, 66, 67, 242, 243, 244, 249, Myles, Eileen, 327, 329 250, 253, 328, 329, 334, 377 “How to write an avant-garde poem”, 323 Newcomb, John Timberman How Did Poetry Survive?, 217 Nakatsuka, Mayumi Nguyen, Hoa “Introduction” in May Sky, 97 Red Juice, 227–228

Index 451

Niedecker, Lorine, 31, 41, 43, 47, 50, 51, 62, 231, Corporate Relations, 388 242, 244, 250, 251, 255, 264, 268, 269, 328, Public Figures, 37 341, 366 Ostriker, Alicia, 34, 149, 200, 267, 360 “Lake Superior”, 50, 62, 232 Stealing the Language, 37, 58, 198, 259 New Goose, 50, 232 The Book of Life: Selected Jewish Poems “Paean to Place”, 62, 232 1979–2011, 149 “Pioneers”, 50 The Mother/Child Papers, 61 “Wintergreen Ridge”, 62 The Nakedness of the Fathers, 58 Nielsen, Aldon, 350 Writing like a Woman, 37 Nin, Anaïs, 193, 195 Others, 28, 30, 141, 157, 170, 171, 172, 173, 177, 180 Niss, Millie “A Woman’s Number”, 28–31 “Morningside Vector Space”, 370 Our Bodies, Ourselves, 186 “No War”, 370 Owens, Rochelle, 190, 198 Oilupoems, 370 “Loon Lord and Master O Jack Pollock”, 190 “Poggle”, 370 Ozick, Cynthia “Sundays in the Park”, 370 Bloodshed and Three Novellas, 138 “The Electronic Muse”, 370 Noda, Barbara, 95 Pafunda, Danielle Strawberries, 95 “Advice Will Be Heeded Even as You Attempt Noguchi, Yone, 94 to Head”, 389 Noland, Carrie, 359 Palms, 157, 171 Noranjo-Morse, Nora, 80 Palumbo-Liu, David, 282 NorthSun, Nila, 79 Park, Josephine, 98 Norton Anthology of American Literature, 112 Parker, Dorothy, 42 Norton Anthology of Modern and Contemporary Parker, Pat, 92 Poetry, 171 Parker, Robert Dale Notley, Alice, 36, 60, 225, 357 Changing Is Not Vanishing: A Collection of Désamère, 60 Early Indian Poetry to 1930 (ed), 78 “poetics of disobedience”, 328 Pastan, Linda, 149 The Descent of Alette, 36, 61, 349 “At the Gynecologist’s”, 196 Nuyorican Poetry movement, 119 Pastrana, Julia, 87 Nuyorican poets, 353 Patton, Julie, 348 Nye, Naomi Shihab, 268 Paz, Octavio, 110 Peabody, Josephine, 41 O’Hara, Frank, 249, 326, 335 Pendleton, Conrad, 9 Objectivist movement, 43, 50, 51, 242, 249, 250, performance poetry, 36, 37, 167, 225, 235, 332 251, 260 Perloﬀ, Marjorie, 63, 328, 387 Okada, John, 90 Persian Gulf wars, 57, 364, 382, 383 Okihiro, Gary, 91 Philip, M. NourbeSe, 329 okpik, dk Picasso, Pablo, 140 corpse whale, 230 Piercy, Marge, 148, 187, 194, 196, 198 Olds, Sharon, 383 “Kaddish”, 148 Oliver, Kelly Small Changes, 186 bearing witness, 61 The Art of Blessing the Day, 148 Oliver, Mary, 28 Plant, Sadie Olsen, Tillie, 311 Zeros and Ones: Digital Women and the New Olson, Charles, 43, 247, 249, 250, 252, 330, 332, Technoculture, 368 336, 342–345 Plath, Sylvia, 34, 35, 187, 195, 197, 198, 199, 200, “Projective Verse”, 342 213, 242, 254, 255, 264, 268, 280, 311, 313 Oppen, George, 65, 249, 299 Ariel, 229 “Psalm”, 299 “Daddy”, 197, 281, 367 Opportunity, 25, 125, 171, 178, 179, 180, 182 “Getting There”, 367 Orientalism, 101, 176 “Lady Lazarus”, 58, 367 Origins, 250 “Poem for a Birthday”, 367 Osman, Jena, 348, 388 and technology, 369

452 Index

Plath, Sylvia, (cont.) Don’t Let Me Be Lonely, 37, 269, 355, 383, 384 “Thalidomide”, 367 Eleven More American Women Poets in the “The Applicant”, 198 Twenty-First Century, 387 “The Courage of Shutting Up”, 367 Nothing in Nature is Natural, 383 “The Detective”, 367 Plot, 383 “The Swarm”, 367 The End of the Alphabet, 383 “Three Women”, 367 Ransom, John Crowe, 6, 7, 195, 317, 318, 320 “Wintering”, 229 “The Poet as Woman”, 4, 317 “Words Heard by Accident over the rap, 53 Phone”, 367 Rasula, Jed, 332 Pocahontas, 88, 108 rawlings, a. Poe, Edgar Allen, 42, 204 Wide Slumber for Lepidopterists, 230 poetic essay, 37, 330 Reines, Ariana Poet-Lore: A Magazine of Letters, 42 The Cow, 230, Poetry, 42, 157, 170, 171, 172, 173, 177, 200, 202, Retallack, Joan, 325, 334, 371, 388 205, 211, 217, 251, 274, 308, 345 Afterrimages, 348 Poetry Journal, 170 The Poethical Wager, 37 Poetry Review, 170, 171 Rexroth, Kenneth, 190, 191, 192 poetry scrapbooks, 204, 205, 208, 213, 214 Rhythm, Blue Review, 171 Porter, Charlotte, 42 Rich, Adrienne, 32, 34, 37, 38, 63–64, 145–146, postcolonial, 91, 92 162–163, 166, 187, 195, 198, 199, 226, 227, posthuman, the, 225, 361 228, 264, 270, 311, 312, 313, 317, 320 Potter, Rachel, 274, 278 A Change of World, 63 Pound, Ezra, 5, 7, 10, 24, 43, 51, 140, 171, 175, 205, “A Communal Poetry”, 162 216, 241, 251, 266, 267, 275, 277, 293, 308, An Atlas of the Diﬃcult World, 64 341, 342, 361, 423 “Compulsory Heterosexuality and Lesbian “A Few Don’ts by an Imagiste”, 203, 362 Existence”, 163 “In a Station of the Metro”, 216 Diving into the Wreck, 64, 145, 186, 226 logopoeia, 43, 142 negative reviews by male critics, 8–9 Lustra, 308 “Paula Becker to Clara Westhoﬀ”, 163 The Cantos, 43, 65 “Phantasia for Elvira Shatayev”, 163 “Translator’s Postscript”, 5 “Planetarium”, 162 Press Gang Publishers, 79 “Power”, 163 Prevallet, Kristin, 355 refusal of National Book Award, 64, 163 Prida, Dolores, 106, 120 refusal of National Medal of the Arts, 64 projective verse, 67, 225, 330, 332, 336 Snapshots of a Daughter-in-Law, 8, 64 prose poem, 36, 37, 59, 86, 135, 330, 332, 368 “Snapshots of a Daughter-in-Law”, 312 Purnell, Idella, 171 “Someone is Writing a Poem”, 364 Telephone Ringing in the Labyrinth, 145 Quartermain, Peter The Dream of a Common Language., 163 The Objectivist Nexus (ed.), 251 “The Phenomenology of Anger”, 364 queer, 32, 45, 57, 65, 99, 146, 166, 223, 301, 328, “Twenty-One Love Poems”, 227 335, 354 “Trying to Talk with a Man”, 364 “Waking in the Dark”, 226 race, 78, 126, 132, 159, 164, 165, 181, 196, 245, 251, “When We Dead Awaken: Writing as 265, 277, 324, 331, 354, 388, See also Re-Vision”, 64 intersectionality “Yom Kippur 1984”, 146 racism, 10, 35, 44, 53, 61, 76, 77, 84, 89, 92, 100, Ridge, Lola, 10, 42, 158, 160, 163, 172, 178, 189, 103, 125, 126, 159, 183, 227, 231, 329, 384, 385 274, 278, 279 Rainey, Carol, 197, 198 and little magazines, 171 Rainey, Gertrude “Ma”, 49, 135, 159, 160 “Lullaby”, 42 “Prove It on Me”, 49 “Manhattan Lights”, 364 Ramazani, Jahan, 277 “Russian Women”, 158, 163 Rankine, Claudia, 133, 136, 330, 385 The Ghetto and Other Poems, 42, 278, 364 Citizen, 37, 269, 383, 388 “Woman and the Creative Will”, 10

Index 453

Rilke, Rainer Maria, 143 “The Poem as Mask”, 199 riot grrrl movement, 167 “The Road”, 366 Rittenhouse, Jessie, 214 “The Tunnel”, 365 Robinson, Edgar “The Witness”, 145 “Four Lady Poets”, 8 “To be a Jew in the twentieth century”, 52, 144, Rodgers, Carolyn, 129, 131, 135, 136, 199 298–299 how i got ovah, 131 Willard Gibbs, 365 “The Last M.F.”, 131 Rumens, Carol, 191 Roethke, Theodore, 7, 195 Rushin, Donna Kate, 164 Ronda, Margaret, 19 Rutter, Emily R., 16 Rose, Wendy, 79, 80, 87–88 Ryan, Evelyn, 212, 213, 214, 219, 220 Academic Squaw: Reports to the World from the The Prize Winner of Defiance, Ohio, 212 Ivory Tower, 87 “Excavation at Santa Barbara Mission”, 87 Sacajawea, 88, 108 Going to War with All of My Relations, 87 Said, Edward, 101 Itch Like Crazy, 87 San Francisco Renaissance, 162, 190, 245, 422 Long Division: A Tribal History, 87 Sanchez, Carol Lee, 79 The Halfbreed Chronicles, 87 Sanchez, Sonia, 37, 64–65, 128, 129, 130, 135, 136, What the Mohawk Made the Hopi Say, 87 196, 252, 265, 350, 353 Rosenbaum, Susan, 21 “A Poem for Ella Fitzgerald”, 65 Rosenthal, David, 345 Does Your House Have Lions?, 270 Rossetti, Christina, 188 Home Coming, 131, 353 Rowlandson, Mary, 85 Like the Singing Coming Off the Drums, 65 Rubin, Joan Shelley Love Poems, 186, 353 Songs of Ourselves: The Uses of Poetry in We a BaddDDD People, 131, 353 America, 216 Sand, Kaia Rukeyser, Muriel, 31, 34, 41, 47, 51, 144–145, 146, “Tiny Arctic Ice”, 235 155, 156, 161, 162, 199, 225, 234, 235, 264, 270, Remember to Wave, 225 286, 298, 299, 301, 320, 371, 383 Sanger, Margaret, 316 “Absalom”, 52 Sangster, Margaret, 204 “Akiba”, 145 Sapnar, Megan “Ann Burlak”, 161 Cruising, 370 Beast in View, 7 Sappho, 135, 226, 258, 259, 310 Breaking Open, 186 Savage, Elizabeth, 19 “Contact”, 365 Savageau, Cheryl, 89 and feminism, 52 Scalapino, Leslie, 69, 267, 282, 355 “Gauley Bridge”, 366 Crowd and not evening or light, 355, 356 “Gyroscope”, 365 How Phenomena Appear to Unfold, 37, 355 “Kathe Kollwitz”, 156 The Front Matter, Dead Souls, 69 “Letter to the Front”, 51, 298 The Return of Painting, The Pearl, and “Movie”, 366 Orion, 69 “Myth”, 59 The Tango, 355, 356 New Masses, 298 Scappetone, Jennifer “Night Flight: New York”, 365 “PARK”, 235 “Nine Poems for the Unborn Child”, 51 Schaeffer, Susan Fromberg, 192 “Poem Out of Childhood”, 51 Schweik, Susan and technology, 365–366 A Gulf So Deeply Cut, 99 “The Bonds”, 145 Segnitz, Barbara, 197, 198 The Book of the Dead, 51, 57, 61, 225, 234, 269, Seiffert, Marjorie Allen, 177 298, 332, 354, 365, 366 Sewell, Lisa, 23 The Daily Worker, 298 Eleven More American Women Poets in the “The End”, 366 Twenty-First Century (ed.), 386 The Gates, 144, 286 sexism, 10, 76, 89, 111, 118, 125, 132, 157, 171, 174, The Life of Poetry, 37, 52, 366 195, 205, 242, 243, 245, 329 “The Lynchings of Jesus”, 51 Sexton, Anne, 34, 187, 195, 198, 213, 311, 313

454 Index

Sexton, Anne, (cont.) Picture Bride, 96, 284 “In Celebration of My Uterus”, 196 “Spaces We Leave Empty”, 284 Transformations, 59 Song, Min Hyoung sexual orientation. See also intersectionality The Children of 1965, 90 sexual orientation/identity, 88, 91, 331 sonnet, 8, 34, 158, 180, 181, 231, 268, 270, 308, 316, sexuality, 135, 160, 225, 251, 276, 301, 319, 370, 389, 317, 319, 321, 332, 380 See also intersectionality Spahr, Juliana, 233, 276, 284, 330, 379–380, 381, expression of, 46, 126, 141, 142, 148, 173, 186, 382, 384, 418 199, 226, 267, 314, 362 A Megaphone (ed.), 386 free love, 160, 278, 316 “Foulipo”, 386 norms of, 132, 145, 326 “Numbers Trouble”, 386 Shameless Hussy Press, 92, 194 “Poem Written after September 11, 2001”, 381 Shange, Ntozake, 92, 102, 132, 265, 285, 353 “Poem Written from November 30, 2002 A Daughter’s Geography, 285 to March 27, 2003”, 382 “choreopoem”, 353 This Connection of Everyone with Lungs, 37, 233, “for colored girls who have considered 381, 382 suicide / when the rainbow is enuf”, 37 Spanish Civil War, 51 Shapiro, Bruce, 371 Sparks, Muriel, 171, 178 Shaugnessy, Brenda, 391 Spencer, Anne, 10, 49, 125, 126, 159 Our Andromeda, 381 “Lady, Lady”, 10, 126 Shepard, Reginald (ed.) spirituals, 124 Lyric Postmodernisms, 378 Spotted Elk, Molly, 78 Shiomi, Mieko Squire, J. D., 188 “Spatial Poem”, 333 Stein, Edith, 290 Shockley, Evie, 128, 136, 270, 325, 331 Stein, Gertrude, 31, 37, 41, 45, 46, 48, 49, 135, Showalter, Elaine 139–141, 142, 157, 165, 171, 195, 203, 213, 251, Women’s Liberation and Literature 259, 264, 266, 267, 276, 277, 278, 295, (ed.), 195 296–297, 313, 328, 333, 360, 381 Shreiber, Maeera, 292 “A Substance in a Cushion”, 46 Signature, 171 “A Petticoat”, 267 Silko, Leslie Marmon, 79, 81, 84, 271 “A Piece of Coﬀee”, 46 Ceremony, 81 “A Sonatina Followed by Another”, 141 Laguna Woman, 81 “A Time to Eat”, 46 Storyteller, 81, 82 “Book”, 46 Silliman, Ron, 248, 349, 381 Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas, 46 Sinister Wisdom, 165, 167 “Composition as Explanation”, 45 Sitwell, Edith, 171 Everybody’s Autobiography, 46 Façade, 333 Four Saints in Three Acts, 296 Skavlan, Margaret, 203 How to Write, 37 Skinner, Constance Lindsay, 176 inﬂuence on LANGUAGE poets, 46 “Song of Basket Weaving”, 177 Lifting Belly, 267 Smethurst, James, 131 “Lifting Belly”, 46 Smith, Bessie, 49, 50, 135, 159 and nature, 222–224 “I’ve Got What It Takes, But It Breaks “Patriarchal Poetry”, 11 My Heart to Give It Away”, 50 “Poetry and Grammar”, 45 Smith, Patricia poetry and Jewish identity, 141 Blood Dazzler, 269 “Potatoes”, 46 Smith, Tracy K., 136 Stanzas in Meditation, 46 Solt, Mary Ellen, 345, 346, 347, 348 Tender Buttons, 37, 46, 140, 187, 223, 276, 341 Concrete Poetry: A World View (ed.), 345 The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas, 140 Flowers in Concrete, xxi, 345 The Geographical History of America, 46, 222 “Forsythia”, 346 The Making of Americans, 140 Marriage-A Code Poem, 346 “The Revery of the Zionist”, 141 “Moon Shot Sonnet”, 347 Three Lives, 140 Song, Cathy, 95 Stetson, Erlene

Index 455

Black Sister, 199 “Love Songs”, 176 Stevens, Wallace, 251 “Riches”, 315 Stevenson, Anne, 200 The Answering Voice: Love Lyrics by Women: Strawberry Press, 79 (ed.), 189, 309 Stricker, Meredith, 342 “The Kiss”, 309, 315 Strickland, Stephanie, 371 “To E”, 176 The Ballad of Sand and Harry Soot, 371 Templeton, Fiona, 37 True North, 371 The Blue Cloud Quarterly, 79 subjectivity, 10, 29, 31, 33, 35, 162, 254, 293, 320, The Combahee River Collective Statement, 132 361, 362, 363, 381, 383, 389 The New Woman’s Survival Catalog, 186 Sun Tracks, 80 The Norton Anthology of Literature by Women: Sunbury, 95 The Tradition in English (1985), 109 Sunset, 203, 217, 218 Third World Press, 129, 131 Surrealism, 50, 278, 326, 328, 335 This, 349 Sutton, Lorraine, 353 Thomas, Lorenzo, 326 SAYcred LAYdy, 353 Tietjens, Eunice, 172 Suyemoto, Toyo, 94, 99 “To S”, 176 “Gain”, 99 Proﬁles from China, 274 Sweet, Denise, 89 Tinker, Carol, 191 Swensen, Cole, 336n2, 390 “thank you capitalism for the expanding Swenson, May, 187, 196, 198, 346 universe”, 191 “Bleeding”, 347 Toklas, Alice B., 46, 140, 141, 297 Iconographs, 346 Toomer, Jean, 326 “Orbiter 5 Shows How Earth Looks from the Tovar, Inez, 110 Moon”, 347 Townsend, Ann, 200 “Women”, 347 transition, 171 Szerlip, Barbara, 191 transsexual, 88 “your body is a wasteland”, 191 Trask, Haunani-Kay, 89, 284 Trethewey, Natasha, 136, 380, 384 Tafolla, Carmen, 106, 120 “Flounder”, 136 Taggard, Genevieve, 157, 158, 189, 268, 307, 309, 316 Native Guard, 380 “Everyday Alchemy”, 159, 315, 316 trickster narratives, 85 “Mill Town”, 42 Trigilio, Tony, 256 “Up State – Depression Summer”, 42 Truganinny, 87 “With Child”, 159 Tsiang, H. T., 94 Circumference: Varieties of Metaphysical Verse, Tsui, Kitty, 95, 99, 102 1456–1928, 430 “A Chinese Banquet”, 99 For Eager Lovers, 316 The Words of a Woman Who Breathes May Days (ed.), 42, 157 Fire, 95 The Life and Mind of Emily Dickinson, 317 Tubman, Harriet, 108 TallMountain, Mary, 79 Tuma, Keith, 293, 294, 295 tanka, 232, 275 Turner, Daniel Tanning, Dorothea, 331 Southern Crossings, 255 Tapahonso, Luci, 79, 81, 271 Turner, Nancy Byrd, 204 Blue Horses Rush In, 80, 101 Tussman, Malka Heifetz, 144 Sáanii Dahataal: The Women Are Singing, 81 “Duner mayn bruder” (Thunder, Tate, Allen, 317 My Brother), 144 Taylor, Catherine, 354 “I Am Woman”, 143, 148 Teasdale, Sara, 6, 50, 160, 172, 178, 264, 268, 307, Twain, Mark, 117 309–311, 312, 315, 316 twenty-ﬁrst-century anthologies “Barter”, 315 Against Expression, 387 “Central Park at Dusk”, 160 American Hybrid: A Norton Anthology of New “Debt”, 315 Poetry, 378 “Jewels”, 315, 316 Eleven More American Women Poets in the Love Songs, 42, 307–308 Twenty-First Century, 386

456 Index

twenty-first-century anthologies (cont.) and modernism, 340–342 Feminaissance, 387 performative poetic page, the, 350–354 Gurlesque: The New Grrly, Grotesque, photo texts and mixed media, 354–357 Burlesque Poetics, 387, 389–391 prismatic page, 348–350 I’ll Drown My Book, 387 Vizenor, Gerald, 83 Innovative Women Poets: An Anthology of Volkman, Karen Contemporary Poetry and Interviews, 250 Nomina, 380 Letters to the World, 200 Vorticism, 241, 258 Lyric Postmodernisms, 378 Voyce, Stephen Prismatic Poetics, 387 Poetic Community: Avant-Garde Activism and The New American Poetry of Engagement, 383 Cold War Culture, 253 Tyler-Bennett, Deborah, 188 Wagner, Catherine, 391 Uba, George, 96 Wakoski, Diane, 190, 195, 198 “Versions of Identity in Post-Activist Asian “Black Leather, Because Bumble Bees Look American Poetry”, 96 Like It”, 190 Uchida, Yoshiko George Washington Poems, 59 Desert Exile, 282 Waldman, Anne, 225, 269, 333, 354 Umpierre, Luz Maria, 116 “Fast Speaking Woman”, 37 Understanding Poetry, 245, 248 Iovis: All Is Full of Jove, 60 Untermeyer, Jean Manatee/Humanity, 230 “Old Man”, 214 The Iovis Trilogy, 36 Untermeyer, Louis, 278 Waldrop, Keith, 281 Waldrop, Rosmarie, 265, 281, 348 Vail, Lawrence, 142 “Between”, 281 Valentine, Jean, 28, 195 A Key into the Language of America, 37, 282 vernacular language/culture, 38, 59, 62, 92, 124, Lawn of Excluded Middle, 281 126, 127, 129, 133, 134, 135, 138, 139, 142, 149, The Reproduction of Profiles, 37, 69 179, 232, 274, 279, 284, 285, 384 Walker, Alice, 64, 128, 133, 163, 183, 199 Vickery, Ann, 20, 260, 261 Revolutionary Petunias and Other Poems, 186 Leaving Lines of Gender, 265 Walker, Cheryl, 24n1, 310 Victorine, Pamela, 192 Walker, Margaret, 129, 161 Anthology of Women Poets (ed.), 192 For My People, 233 Vicuña, Cecilia, 37 “For My People”, 128 VIDA: Women in Literary Arts, 39n3, 200 “Dark Blood”, 233 Women of Color VIDA Count, 200 “Lineage”, 161 Vietnam War, 57, 61–62, 118, 162, 186, 234, 282, “Sorrow Home”, 233 286, 364 “Southern Song”, 233 Vigil, Evangelina, 106, 120 Wall, Cheryl A. Villa, José Garcia, 94 “Histories and Heresies”, 184 Village Voice, The Women of the Harlem Renaissance (ed.), 125 “Vaginas, Politics, and Other Worrying the Line, 124 Causes”, 196 Wall-Romana, Christophe, 357 Villanueva, Alma, 110, 111, 115 Walton, Izaak Bloodroot, 111 The Compleat Angler, 45 “Dear World”, 112 Wang, Dorothy Desire, 112 Thinking Its Presence, 98 “La Chingada”, 112 Weaver, Harriet Shaw, 171 Life Span, 111 Weil, Simone, 290, 298 Mother May I?, 111 Weiner, Hannah, 349 Vida, 112 Clairvoyant Journal, 37 visual poetics Weiss, William, 335 compositions by field, 342–345 Welch, Julia Carter, 78 Concretism, 345–348 Welles, Winifred, 172 definition, 340 Welshimer, Helen, 204

Index 457

Werthheim, Christine women poets, 188 Feminaissance (ed.), 387 activism, 96, 116, 119, 144, 146, 158, 194, 286 West End Press, 79 activist poetry, 66, 126, 129, 130, 132, 133, 162, West, Cornel, 124 226, 234–236, 254, 299 West, Dorothy, 171 and the Chautauqua circuit, 211 West, Rebecca, 174 avant-garde poetry, 66–69, 96–97, 172, 180, Westwater, Kathy 184, 243–254, 323–336 “PARK”, 235 documentary poetry, 61–63, 225, 234, 332, 354, Whalen, Philip, 355 382–385 Wheatley, Phillis, 4, 108, 123, 124, 126, 188, and economic autonomy, 211–212 198, 323 ecopoetry, 45, 51, 62, 222–236 “On Being Brought from Africa to experimental poetry, 31, 32, 36, 43, 67, 69, 90, America”, 126 96, 97, 98, 135, 140, 157, 165, 170, 190, 232, Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and 251, 259, 266, 280, 289 Moral, 123 gendered criticism of, 3–9, 30, 171–178, 205, Wheels, 171 244, 254, 308, 311–312, 317–318, 345 Whitehead, Kim, 167n4, 168n19, 190 interactive (digital) hyperpoetry, 368–372 Whitman, Walt, 42, 44, 110, 142, 143, 323, 325, 331, and mass culture, 204–205 332, 365 mentoring relationships, 262–265 Leaves of Grass, 139 mythopoesis, 35, 57–61 Wiggins, Ella May, 161 place and language, 274–286 Wilcox, Ella Wheeler, 41, 204, 312 “poetry by women” as category, 26–39 Wilde, Oscar, 316 and popular culture, 193, 202–220 Williams, Emmett and scrapbooks, 215 An Anthology of Concrete Poetry (ed.), 345 and technology, 358n40, 359–373 Williams, Raymond, 33 tokenism, 241–256 “nature”, 222 and war technology, 364–365 Williams, Sherley Anne, 128, 132 Women’s Voices Williams, William Carlos, 45, 142, 251, 278, 293, Sharp, Elizabeth (ed.), 188 326, 332, 361 Wom-Po (A Women in Poetry Listserv), 200 Al Que Quiere!, 308 Wong, May Willis, Elizabeth, 247, 250, 254, 379–380 The Bad Girl’s Book of Animals, 94 Address, 381 Wong, Nellie, 95 Radical Vernacular (ed.), 251 Wong, Sun Shelley, 282 Turneresque, 368 Wong, Nellie, 95 Willyce, Kim, 95 Woo, Merle, 95 Eating Artichokes, 95 Woody, Elizabeth, 89 Wilner, Eleanor Woolf, Virginia, 111, 171, 290 The Extraordinary Tide (ed.), 260 World War I, 155, 267, 364 “The Lament of the Valkyrie”, 59 World War II, 53, 57, 99, 146, 282, 364 Wilson, Elizabeth, 167 internment of Japanese Americans, 92, 94, Winant, Fran, 194 100, 282 Winning, Joanne, 277 Wright, C. D., 355, 384 Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 69, 274 Just Whistle, 384 Wolﬀ, Janet, 260 “My American Scrawl”, 385 Wolﬀ, Rebecca One Big Self, 385 Fence, 378 One with Others, 385, 388 Wollstonecraft, Mary Rising Falling Hovering, 385 A Vindication of the Rights of Women, 56 String Light, 384 Wolosky, Shira, 145 Wright, Celeste Turner, 315 women of color anthologies Wylie, Elinor, 6, 187, 195, 198, 268, 278, 307, 309, Making Face, Making Soul / Haciendo Caras, 313–314, 315, 316 65, 164 Nets to Catch the Wind, 313 Third World Women, 191 “The Eagle and the Mole”, 313 This Bridge Called My Back, 65, 95, 164 “Wild Peaches”, 315

458 Index

Yamada, Mitsuye, 92, 93, 95 Zarco, Cyn., 95 Camp Notes and Other Poems, 92 Zepeda, Ophelia Yamanaka, Lois-Ann, 95, 117, 284 A Papago Grammar, 80 “Dead Dogs RIP”, 284 Jewed’I-Hoi/Earth Movements, 80 Yardbird Reader, 95 Ocean Power, 80 Yau, John, 96, 98 Where Clouds Are Formed, 80 Yeats, William Butler, 316 Zisquit, Linda Stern, 149 “Leda and the Swan”, 115 Zitkala-Ša, 76, 77 Yiddish, 38, 138, 142, 143, 144, 146, 147, 148 “A Sioux Woman’s Love for Her Yorck, Ruth, 335 Grandchild”, 78 Young, Stephanie “The Indian’s Awakening”, 77 A Megaphone (ed.), 386 “The Red Man’s America”, 78 “Foulipo”, 386 Zucker, Rachel, 264 “Numbers Trouble”, 386 Women Poets on Mentorship Yu, Timothy, 97, 98, 284, 331 (ed.), 264 Yunge (Young Upstarts), 142 Zukofsky, Louis, 50, 51, 62, 249, 251