INDEX

7-Eleven, 163 decision-making, 78, 195 Aw Kim Chen, 151, 154 Aberdeen Asset Management, 195 ABI-Inform database, 94 Baat, 223 Academic publications: Bank Central Asia, 217 Southeast Asia, 95–7 Batavia: Acer Computers, 30, 60, 116–119, massacre of Overseas Chinese, 72 123, 182, 193, 206, 233 Beijing World Trade Center, 76 Adaptive-Action Road Map, 224–7 Benefi ts: Alderman, Arnold, 228 Japanese and Chinese expectations Alinabal Corporation, 228 compared, 84–5 Ambrose, Gerry, 195 BenQ Group, 118 Anagenesis Inc, 228 Bergami, Sam, 228 Analects, 38, 47, 48, 51 Bidaya, Thanong, 19, 20 Apple, 17–18, 233 BNP Prime Peregrine Capital Ltd., 193 ARM, 224, 228 Bonuses, 188, 208 Asia-Pacifi COPYRIGHTEDc Economic Co-operation Boon MATERIAL Siew Group, 64 (APEC), 119, 172 Boston Consulting Group, 164, 179 Asian Financial Crisis, 171-3 Bowie, Jim, 28 Association of South East Asian Brand names, 116, 125 Nations (ASEAN), 101, 164, 170, Breach of faith, 19 180, 186 Buddha 35, 41–2 Astors and Rothschilds, 28 Buddhism, 35–7, 40, 54 Authoritarianism, 43 ethical behavior, 54

bbindex.inddindex.indd 247247 33/3/09/3/09 9:21:289:21:28 AAMM 248 index

Bumiputra, 114 Clientela, 24–25 Bundesbank, 211 Cojuangco, Antonio, 70 Business culture: Coke, 30, 194 Japanese and Overseas Chinese Colonialist infl uences, 72 compared, 79–85 Compaq, 117 Business education: Competitive advantage, 16, 18, 125 Overseas Chinese, 69, 122 control of information, 183–4 Business publications: guanxi, 185–6 closely held information,185 Overseas Chinese, 180–90 Southeast Asia, 185 speed in decision-making, 182–3, Butt Lau, 208 200 Competitive disadvantages: Cambodia: blind-siding, 192–3 Overseas Chinese, 11 family limits, 194–6 Carnegie foundation, 233 home turf only, 190–1 CEMEX, 229 Overseas Chinese, 190–7 Chan, Steven 134 poor proprietary capabilities, 193–4 Chan, C.O., 165, 193 Confucianism, 27, 33–60 Chan, K.B., 69, 154, 223 ethical behavior, 51, 54–7 Charan, Ram, 16–19, 21, 220 infl uence on Overseas Chinese trade Charitable activities, 27 and economics, 42–5 Charoen Pokphand (CP Croup), 121, Confucius, 33–36, 38–9, 42, 46–9, 129, 160–4, 178, 195, 217, 233 52–3, 58–9 Charoen Pokphand Feedmill, 163 Contract fl exibility, 211–12 Chearavanont, Dhanin, 163, 164 Contracts, 7, 60, 159 Chearavanont family, 70, 129, 160 Coolies, 7, 69 Chen Shui-bian, 119 Core competency, 144 Cheng, A.T., 158 control of information, 160–1, 183 Cheng Ho, 12–13 decision-making style, 159–60 Cheung Kim Hung, 91 networks, 161–2, 185 Cheung Kong Business School, 228 Overseas Chinese, 158–62 Cheung Kong Holdings, 230, 233 speed in decision-making, 159, Chiang, C, 69, 154, 223 182–3, 200, 202 China Building, 223 Costa Del Sol, 231 China: Creative Technology, 30, 116, 191 intellectual property rights, 210–11 Criminal networks, 24 the Overseas Chinese, 186–7 Culture, 7, 33, 78 Chiu, Justin, 230 differences, 80 Christensen, Clayton, 230 Cyber Business Network, 66–77, 215 Chu, T.C., 81, 124, 129, 159 Chung Khiaw Bank, 152 Daimler-Benz, 30–31 Chye Kuok Khoon Ho, 221 Danamon Group, 73 CISI Raya Utama, 214 Dao Heng Bank, 30 CITIC Pacifi c, 76 Daorueng, P., 214 Citizen, 38 DBS Bank, 121, 152 Clans, 15–17 DBS Holdings, 121

bbindex.inddindex.indd 248248 33/3/09/3/09 9:21:299:21:29 AMAM index 249

Decision-making, 123–35 Far Eastern Economic Review, 184 action-driven, 132–3 Fathers, 40, 47, 51–2 184, hands-on experience, 127–8 Federal Flour Mills Bhd, 161 holistic information processing, 132 Federation of Hokkien Associations of qualitative information, 130–1 Malaysia, 64 speed, 159, 182–3, 200, 202 Fei, Xiaotong, 58, 59, 62, 57–9 transfer of knowledge, 128–30 Fengshui, 224 Dharmala Group, 73 Feudal system, 25 Digital Data, 94 Filial piety, 51, 53, 80 Discontinuities, 62–3, 145, 148, 151 First Pacifi c Company, 217 Distribution, 26–7, 212–13 First Pacifi c Group, 224 Diversifi cation, 75, 76, 119, 129, 152, Fok, Canning K.N., 49 158, 159, 160, 163, 164, 195, 213 Fok, Henry, 81 Due diligence, 201–2 Fok, Ian, 81 DuPont, 233 Fok, Timothy, 81 Duty, 47–8, 51, 54 Forbes, 70, 71, 122 Ford Foundation, 233 Economic infl uence of Overseas Formosa Chemical and Fiber Chinese, 14 Corporation, 87 Education: Formosa Fairway Corporation, 87 Overseas Chinese, 63, 69, 71, 122, Formosa Heavy Industry, 87 150 Formosa Petrochemical Corporation, 87 Embarrassment, 17, 20 Formosa Plastics, 28, 87 EMC, 94 Formosa Plastics Group, 30, 86–7, Empowerment, 73, 133, 182, 188, 116, 233 226 Fortune, 164 Entertainment Building, 224 Freeport, 205 Ethical behavior, 54–7 Fukuyama, F., 85, 86, 192 Japanese and Chinese culture Fung, Victor, 134, 155, 189, 209, 228 compared, 83–4 Fung, William, 134, 156, 209 Exports: Southeast Asia, 92, 179 Gadjah Tunggal Group, 73 Gates Foundation, 233 Faat, 223 Gemala Group, 73 “Face”, 17 General Electric (GE), 207, 228, 233 losing, 18 General Motors, 18, 233 Family, 15–17, 47, 50–2, 61, 82 Genting Group, 64 Indonesian conglomerates, 72–6 Ghosh, B.C., 165, 193 Overseas Chinese business Gilley, B., 214 networks, 69–71 Global trade, 173, 213 Family businesses: Goh Cheng Liang, 71, 119, 120–2 Overseas Chinese, 61, 116 Goh Hup Jin, 121, 127, 128, Family limits: 222, 232 competitive disadvantage, 194–6 Gokongwei, John, 70 Far East Group, 77 Gongsi, 187 Far Eastern Bank, 152 Governance, 196, 214

bbindex.inddindex.indd 249249 33/3/09/3/09 9:21:299:21:29 AMAM 250 index

Government-linked corporations (GLCs): IBM, 17, 117, 206, 233 Southeast Asia, 114–15 ID SoftCapital, 119 Grand Bahama Airport, 205 Immigration to Southeast Asia, 8 Grand Hyatt, 182 Imports: Gross Domestic Product (GDP), 92, Southeast Asia, 92 102, 103 Inchcape, 134, 155 Gross National Product (GNP), 14, Indians: 15, 186 networks, 23, 75 Guanxi, 162, 185–6, 197, 205, 207 Overseas Indian family businesses, 114 Gunung Sewu Group, 73 Indofood, 217 Indonesia: Hamel, Gary, 144, 159, 162 family conglomerates, 72–6 Hamilton, G.G., 33, 34, 85, 220 fl ight of Overseas Chinese, 214–15 Hands-on experience, 127–8, 153–4 Overseas Chinese, 13 Overseas Chinese, 160 Indonesian Bank Restructuring Agency Harvard University, 155 (IBRA), 216 Heilbroner, R.L., 76, 210 Industrial Commercial Bank, 152 Hewlett-Packard, 117, 122 Information Technology, 190, 196 Hispanic grupos: Informational void: networks, 23 Southeast Asia, 91–135, 160 Ho, Stanley, 71 Insider information, 133, 150, 160 Hofer, Charles, 142, 144 Instituto Tecnologico y de Estudios Hofstede, G., 125 Superiores (ITESM), 229 Hokkaido Takushoku, 172 Intellectual property, 210 Holistic information processing, 132, Intellectual property rights, 60, 156–7 209–10, 211 Hon Hai, 87 International Monetary Fund (IMF), Honda, 24 171, 172, 176 Hong Kong, 49, 77, 78, 155, 174 International presence of Overseas Hong Kong Telecom, 55 Chinese, 22 Hong Kong Trade Development Islamic clans, 25 Council, 155 Hong Leong Bank, 30 Japan, 24, 79, 80, 81, 82, 84–5, 92 Hong Leong Group, 182, 208, 209 business culture compared with Howqua, 28, 29, 211 Overseas Chinese, 79–85 HSBC, 179 Keiretsu, 24, 82 Hsu Yu Ziang, 71 networks, 23–4 Huaqiao, 186, 187 JC Penney, 229 Human resource practices: Jobs, Steve, 17 multinational companies, 206–7 John D. Rockefeller Foundation, 233 Husky Oil Ltd, 116, 191, 205 John Wayne structure, 189 Hutapea, Eva, 217 Hutchinson: K-Mart, 212 Whampoa/Cheung Kong Holdings, Kamp, Jake van der, 129 195 Kanjanapas family, 70 Hutchison Whampoa, 49, 205, 228 Kao, 194

bbindex.inddindex.indd 250250 33/3/09/3/09 9:21:299:21:29 AMAM index 251

Kay Kuok Oon Kwong, 221 Liquid assets, 74, 84 Keiretsu, 24, 82 Lobbying, 157 Khanna, T., 33 Loh Boon Siew, 64 Koh Boon Hwee, 61, 121 Lorenzo Zambrano, 229 Kohut, J., 158 Lotus Supercenter, 163 Kong Fanyin, 33 Loyalty, 15, 48, 49, 51, 52, 80, 82 Koo family, 71 Japanese and Chinese culture Kristof, N.D., 221 compared, 82 Kuok Brothers, 28 Kuok Group, 160 MacMurray, T., 81, 124, 129, 159 Kuok Khoon Chen, Beau, 221 Magnus Dei, 24 Kuok Khoon Ean, 221 Mahathir Mohamad, 171, 181 Kuok Khoon Loong, Edward, 221 Malaysia, 10, 14, 15, 63, 70, 103, Kuok, Robert, 30, 34, 38, 57, 70, 76–7, 157, 174 78, 119, 122, 157–8, 160–1, 184, Federal Land Development 221, 233 Authority, 157 Kwek Leng Beng, 71, 182, 208, 209 Federation of Hokkien Associations of Malaysia, 64 Labor Productivity, 196 Hoklian Holdings, 64 Laborers, 7 intellectual property rights, 211 Lam, Colin, 49 Overseas Chinese, 27 Lamsam family, 70 Malaysian Sugar Manufacturing, 157 Language, 7 Mandarin Oriental Hotel Group, 78 Lao Tzu, 35, 38, 39, 56, 57–8, 190 Mao Tse-tung, 6 Lee Kuan Yew, 31, 66 Market research: Lee Seng Wee, 71 Overseas Chinese businesses, 123 Lee Shau-Kee, 49, 71 Western multinational Lee Wah Bank, 152 companies, 125 Lenovo Computers, 206 Marketing, 101, 194, 231 Leung, Francis, 193 Masonic Order, 24 Levi Strauss, 156 McDonald’s, 194 Li & Fung, 30, 154–6, 189, 190, McKinsey & Company, 180 197, 209 Mencius, 33, 34–5, 38, 39, 40, 42, 43, Li, Richard, 55 45, 47, 52–3 Li Ka-shing, 38, 44, 49, 55, 75, Merchants: 116, 117, 127, 129, 191, 205, Japanese and Chinese business 222, 223 culture compared, 80–1 Liem Sioe Liong, 70, 73, 81, 216 Microsoft, 233 Lifelong employment, 188 Migration of the Chinese, 6–8 Lim Chei Wei, 217 prohibitive measures through history, Lim Goh Tong, 64, 81 5–6 Lim Kok Thay, 70, 81 Mintzberg, Henry, 133, 134, 135, 143, Lim, Siew Hua, 207, 231 151, 153, 156, 157 Linguistic groups: Mitsubishi, 81 Southeast Asia, 10 Mizruchi, M.S., 220 Lippo Group, 73, 128, 188 Mo Tzu, 40, 53

bbindex.inddindex.indd 251251 33/3/09/3/09 9:21:309:21:30 AMAM 252 index

Monopolies, 157, 184 Overseas Chinese Banking Corporation Monterrey Group, 23 (OCBC), 30, 179 Moral duty, 48 Overseas Indians, 23 Morgan-Grenfell, 208 Overseas Union Enterprise, 188 Mount Elizabeth Hospital, 121 Multinational companies: Palepu, K., 33 decision-making in the West, 124–5 Panama Canal, 205 human resource practices, 206–8 Pangestu, Prajogo, 70 implications of competitive Pangilinan, Manuel V, 224 advantage of Overseas Chinese, Panin Bank, 73 200–3 Pao family, 71 Southeast Asia, 116 Paternalism, 51, 119, 188 strategic competitiveness, 204–6 Patriotism, 47, 49 Multitech, 117 Japanese and Chinese compared, 82 Mutuality: People, 3–4 of benefi t, 19 Pepsi, 194 of interest, 19, 21 Peregrine Investments, 172, 173 Myanmar: Perlis Plantations, 158, 161 Overseas Chinese, 11, 13 Philanthropy, 27 Myapada Group, 73 Philippines, 10, 14, 15, 72, 102, 113–14 Nababan, Wilson, 214 massacre of Overseas Chinese, 72 Nakamura, G.I., 79, 85, 221 Philips, 201 Nan Ya Plastic Corporation, 87 Phratry, 24 NEC, 117 Phylae, 24 Neo-Confucianism, 39 Pigeon Brand Paint, 121 Networks, 15–25, 62–8, 68, 76–7, Plato, 38 85–8, 141, 157, 161, 162–4, 186, Pol Pot, 11 207, 218 Polanyi, Michael, 138–140 core competency, 185, 192 Porter, Michael, 142, 195 hierarchy, 64–5 Prahalad, C.K., 144, 159, 162 Hispanic grupos, 23 Pribumi, 74 Islamic clans, 25 Pricing, 213 Japan, 23–4 discriminatory, 213 old school tie, 23 Primogeniture: Overseas Chinese, 62–8, 162, 183, Chinese culture, 222 186–7 Japanese and Chinese business Overseas Indians, 23, 75 culture compared, 81 New entrants, 124 Privacy, 160, 185 Ng Teng Fong, 51, 71, 76 Procedural controls, 196 Nippon Paint, 121 Proctor & Gamble, 194 Product development, 194 Oei Hong Leong, 71 Product management: Ometraco Group, 73 intellectual property rights, Opium Wars, 28 209–11 Orange, 163 Professionalization, 120, 196–7

bbindex.inddindex.indd 252252 33/3/09/3/09 9:21:309:21:30 AMAM index 253

Promotion, 213 Shih, Stan, 71, 117–19, 123, 182, 183, PT Holdiko Perkasa, 216 193, 209 Public Bank, 179 Silk Road, 15 Published research: Sim Lim Group, 121 Southeast Asia, 95–114 Singapore, 10, 14, 15, 28–9, 51, 67, 71, Pyramid structure, 86, 87 77, 94, 102, 103, 134, 174, 177, 218–19 Qualitative information, 130–1 business research, 96, 97, 100 Quek Leng Chan, 70 Economic Development Board (EDB), 218–19 Rabbit, 191 Institute of Systems Science and Ratanarak family, 70 Netcenter, 66 Redding, S.G., 33, 35, 84, 85, 149, intellectual property rights, 211 159, 165, 220 National Science and Technology Regional governments, 175, 187, Board, 66 213–19 Singapore Airlines, 178 Relativism, 48 Singapore Chinese Chamber of Research: Commerce and Industry Overseas Chinese business, 219–21 (SCCCI), 66, 153 RGM, 192, 205, 207, 209, 215, 228, Singapore Hokkien Huay Kuan, 153 231 Singer, A., 76, 210 Riady Mochtar, 70 Sinoland, 51, 77 Riady, Stephen, 128, 130, 131, 205, 208 Slywotzky, A.J., 201 Richard, Li, 55 Socialism, 40 Rick Schart, 229 Sony, 24 Riley, Robert, 78 Sophonpanich family, 70 Rimbunan Hijau, 64 Soros, George, 171 South China Morning Post, 76 Salim, Anthony, 70, 73, 81, 216–18 Southeast Asia: Salim Group, 73, 158–9, 178, 180, immigration, 8 192, 215–17 informational void, 91–135, 160, San Miguel, 30, 195 201–2 Sanyo Securities, 172 role of Overseas Chinese, 3–30 SARS, 4, 113, 137, 165, 169–176, Sparkice, 93 179, 204 Staff morale, 207–8 Sateri International, 207, 231 Staff: Savings, 26, 38 bonuses, 188 Schendel, Dan, 142, 144, 179–180 human resource practices, 206–8 Schools, 7, 23 Standard Chartered Bank, 179 Schwartz, M., 220 State-owned corporations: Secrecy, 160, 161, 184 Southeast Asia, 114 Secret societies, 24 State-owned enterprises (SOEs), 177 Shangri-La Hotels, 30, 77, 116, 161 Steady safe, 192, 193 Shantou University, 187, 228 Strategic management, 137–65 Shapiro, B.P., 201 Overseas Chinese, 148–65 Shigematsu, 33 Strategic mistakes, 18

bbindex.inddindex.indd 253253 33/3/09/3/09 9:21:319:21:31 AMAM 254 index

Strategic planning, 141–8 intellectual property rights, 211 hands-on experience, 145–8 Thio Gim Hock, 188 holistic information processing, 149 Tiger Balm, 30 Overseas Chinese, 148–65 Tiger Medical, 30 qualitative information, 130–1 Tiong Hiew King, 64 transfer of knowledge, 128–30, 149 Tose, Philip, 193 Studwell, Joe, 184 Toyota, 24 Stumpf, S.A., 125 Tradesmen, 6 Successions, 208–9 Transfer of knowledge, 128–30 Suhargo Gondokusumo, 70 Trust, 19, 65, 83, 186, 192 Suharto, President of Indonesia, 73, blind-siding, 192 74, 216 Japanese and Chinese culture Sukanto Tanoto, 70, 192, 208, 209, compared, 83–5 215, 228 Tsai family, 71 Sun Yat Sen, 6, 40 Superior Multi-Packaging, 134 Unilever, 194 Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, 73 United Overseas Bank, 30, 130–1, Sy, Henry, 70 151–3, 195, 209, 223 Uprightness, 65 Tacit Knowledge, 138–41 Tai Su Formosa Plastic Transportation Vatikiotis, M., 214, 217 Corporation, 87 Viravan, Amnuay, 20 Taiwan: Acer Computers, 60, 206 Wada, Kazuo, 127 Tan, C.T., 79, 84, 91, 93, 101, 125, Wall Street, 171 126, 148, 149, 151, 153, 155, Wal-Mart, 163 156, 157, 159, 165, 170, 173, Wang, Winston, 87 176, 220, 224, 228, 232 Wang, Y.C., 86 Tan, Vincent, 70 Wang family, 71 Tan Kah Kee, 133 Wang Gung Wu, 187 Tan, Lucio, 70, 160 Wang Jui-hua, 87 Tan Siew-wang, 137 Wang Jui-yu, 87 Tan Suang U, 169 Wang Wen-hsiang, 87 Tao Te Ching (Book of Tao), 38, 39, Wanglee, 195 50, 56 Wanglee, Vuttichai, 137 Taoism, 35, 36, 37–39, 49 Waters, J., 133, 145, 147, 149 economic philosophy, 37 Wealth, 50, 74 ethical behavior, 54, 56 Wee Cho Yaw, 71, 131, 132, 151–153, Technology: 223 intellectual property rights, 209–11 Wee Ee Cheong, 130, 131, 153, 209, Tesco, 163 223 Thai Central Bank, 19, 20 Wences, Reinaldo, 201 Thai Military Bank, 20 Wessex Water, 181 Thailand, 10, 14, 15, 19, 103, 174, 177 Wilkinson, Robert, 45 collapse of Baht, 19 Wings, 218 fi nancial crisis, 170, 173 Wistron Group, 118

bbindex.inddindex.indd 254254 33/3/09/3/09 9:21:319:21:31 AMAM index 255

World Bank, 173, 176, 186 Yenom, 122 World Chinese Business Network Yeo, George, 66 (WCBN), 66, 67, 215 Yeo Hiap Seng, 52 World Trade Organization, 173 Yeo Thian In, 52 World Training Center, 228 Yeoh, Francis, 181 Wu Ping-Chien (Howqua), 28–29 Yeoh Tiong Lay, 181 Wu Tung Chin, 71 Yong, C.F., 133 Wuthelam Group, 119, 120–122, 127, Yongchaiyudh, Chavalit, 20 135, 150, 222, 232 YTL, 181 Yuchengco, Alfonso, 70 Yamaichi Securities, 172 Yamashita, S., 79 Zambrano, Lorenzo, 229 Yang Chu, 39, 40, 53, 56 Zeng, Edward, 93

bbindex.inddindex.indd 255255 33/3/09/3/09 9:21:329:21:32 AMAM bbindex.inddindex.indd 256256 33/3/09/3/09 9:21:329:21:32 AMAM