REPUBLIQUE DU CAMEROUN REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON Paix – Travail – Patrie Peace - Work - Fatherland ------
ACTIVITY REPORT
2014
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... i ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...... iii LIST OF FIGURES ...... iv LIST OF TABLES ...... v Summary ...... vi INTRODUCTION ...... 1 BACKGROUND ...... 2 1. OVERVIEW OF THE MAIN MISSIONS OF ARSEL ...... 3 2. ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL REGULATION ...... 4 2.1. Economic and financial viability of the sector ...... 4 2.2. Auditing the capital asset spreadsheet update ...... 4 2.3. Complimentary audit of the development and construction cost of the Dibamba power plant and audit of the DPDC company ...... 4 2.4. Tariff structure study ...... 5 2.5. Transfer of the shares of AES Corp. in AES-SONEL...... 5 2.6. Price regulation ...... 5 3. LEGAL AND STATUTORY REGULATION ...... 6 3.1 Protection of consumers' rights and interests ...... 6 3.2 Statistics of the call center's activities ...... 7 3.3 Legal Matters ...... 8 3.4 Attribution of permits ...... 9 4. TECHNICAL REGULATION ...... 11 4.1 Energy efficiency ...... 11 4.2. Monitoring projects in the sector ...... 12 4.3. Projects follow-up matrix ...... 19 4.4. Control of the quality of technical service ...... 21 4.5. Preparation for low water ...... 23 4.6. Contractual incentives ...... 26 5. INTER-RELATED ACTIVITIES OF REGULATION ...... 29 6. COOPERATION ...... 32 7. INTERNAL ADMINISTRATION ...... 36
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7.1 Administrative account ...... 36 7.2 Electricity tower ...... 37 7.3 Works to extend the present headquarters of ARSEL: ...... 39 7.4 Social Activities ...... 40 GENERAL CONCLUSION ...... 41 APPENDIX ...... 43
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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
AER: Rural Electrification Agency ARSEL: Electricity Sector Regulatory Agency AES: Applied Energy Services AFARSEL: ARSEL Women Association ASCARSEL: ARSEL Sports and Cultural Association ADB: African Development Bank LV: Low Voltage CARPA: Partnership Contracts Implementation Support Council ECOWAS: Economic Community of West African States CEMAC: Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa DPDC: Dibamba Power Development Company EDC: Electricity Development Corporation ENEO: Energy of Cameroon ENF: Unsupplied Energy ERRA: Energy Regulators Regional Association EUEI-PDF: EU Energy Initiative - Partnership Dialogue Facility REF: Rural Energy Fund FEICOM: Special Council Support Fund GEF: Global Environment Facility FISUEL: International Federation for Safety of Electricity Users IMF: International Monetary Fund TSO: Transmission System Operator HV: High voltage INS: National Institute of Statistics KPDC: Kribi Power Development Company MINEE Ministry of Water and Energy MINMINDT: Ministry of Mines, Industry and Technological Development MV: Medium Voltage MUPARSEL: ARSEL Staff Association PDER: Rural Electrification Master Plan PDSEN: Energy Sector Development Project SME: Small and Medium-sized Enterprises NPDP: National Participatory Development Programme UNDP: United Nations Development Programme PNEE: National Energy Efficiency Plan PTU: Emergency Thermal Programme RIS: South Interconnected Network RIN: North Interconnected Network RE: Eastern Network SCADA: Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition SONATREL: National Electricity Transmission Company
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Three-year complaint processing evolution ...... 7 Figure 2: The Agency's resources ...... 36 Figure 3: Initial budget ...... 36 Figure 4: Collection of resources in relation to projections ...... 37
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Complaints registered by region ...... 6 Table 2: Summary of the processing of complaints registered in conciliation session ...... 7 Table 3: Statistics of the call center...... 7 Table 4: Inflow of calls made to the call center according to the nature of problems faced by consumers ...... 8 Table 5: Statistics on the permits granted since 2001 ...... 10 Table 6: Results of the study relating the establishment of the NEEP ...... 11 Table 7: Connection of 8 localities of the hydro cluster ...... 15 Table 8: Development of projects from 2013-2014 ...... 19 Table 9: Summary of penalties for unsupplied energy ...... 27 Table 10: Penalty amount relating to the objectives of the connection ...... 28 Table 11: Collection of resources ...... 37
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SUMMARY
For the purpose of public information, this activity report gives an account of regulatory activities carried out in 2014. The Agency's objective through this report is to ensure transparent and effective regulation of the electricity sector. Themes covered focus on core regulation occupations namely: (i) economic and financial regulation for all activities contributing to the determination of electricity rates, (ii) legal and statutory regulation for aspects which concern operators and the protection of consumers' interests, among others, (iii) technical regulation which deals with topics on the enhancement of the quality and quantity of electricity supply, and related technology options. In addition to these three main regulation areas, the report also addresses inter-related activities or "inter-related regulation" as well as social life at the Agency. These include the essential information system geared towards controlling information asymmetry between the Regulator and operators, communication which allows transparency in the activities of ARSEL.
The reader will appreciate growing efforts notably to control electricity pricing process, boost service quality control, protect consumers' rights and interests, and support project promoters and operators of the electricity sector.
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INTRODUCTION
This document is the Regulator's communication medium for the year 2014. The setting is stated in the chapter titled "background" below. This report is intended for the general public and all stakeholders of the electricity sector. The reader will find photographs, tables and graphs that serve as illustrations. As it is custom with previous reports, the writing plan remains structured on core occupations relating to regulation, while reviewing inter- related activities. This report rests on the following key concepts:
legal and statutory regulation; technical regulation; financial and economic regulation; activities inter-related with regulation; activities and responsibilities that complement regulation. The report contains general chapters in which the above-mentioned topics are structured as follows:
a summary; background elements and an overview of the statutory missions of ARSEL; a conclusion that lays emphases on the results of activities carried out; appendices that comprise accounts, observations, analyses or detailed statistics, etc.
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BACKGROUND
In 2014, ACTIS, a British investor took over the ex-AES-SONEL and renamed it ENEO.
Despite the noticeable resolve and commitment of public authorities materialized by ongoing hydroelectric infrastructure projects, such as the LOM-PANGAR dam, the MEKIN and MEMVE'ELE hydroelectric facilities as well as other projects in study phase, electrical power supply remains inadequate for consumers and even public authorities. This overall deficit is further compounded by the poor quality of service provided by AES-SONEL, the national operator now known as ENEO.
Beyond this resolve which has been clearly enunciated at the highest levels of government, the context is rather marked by delay in reviewing and signing addendum No 2 of ENEO's concession and licensing contract.
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1. OVERVIEW OF THE MAIN MISSIONS OF ARSEL
Law No. 2011/022 of 14 December 2011 governing the electricity sector in Cameroon clearly stipulates the missions of ARSEL as follows:
The Electricity Sector Regulatory Agency (ARSEL) shall regulate, control and monitor the activities of operators of the electricity sector.
As such, article 72 paragraph 1 of the above-mentioned law stipulates that ARSEL has among other mission: to ensure compliance with laws and regulations applicable to the electricity sector, as well as to concession contracts, licenses, authorizations and any other form of contract adopted within this framework; to ensure that access to the network is objective, transparent and non- discriminatory; protect consumers’ interests and rights relating to the price, supply and quality of electric power; to ensure honest and fair competition in the electricity sector; to implement, monitor and control the tariff system established in accordance with the methods and procedures laid down by the authority in charge of electricity; to grant authorisations. to process applications for licences and concessions; to settle disputes between operators in the electricity sector at the request of the parties; to contribute, on behalf of the State, to the performance of any public interest mission in the electricity sector assigned it by the Government.
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2. ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL REGULATION
2.1. Economic and financial viability of the sector Seeking to control the cost of services, the Regulator has pursued its monitoring and auditing efforts before and after investments, and on certain direct and indirect expenses of operators and projects in the electricity sector. The objectives pursued include among others: (i) promoting faire competition by determining the real cost of projects and investments, (ii) ensuring the calculation and application of fair and equitable rates; and (iii) if need be, objective assessment of any compensation.
Actions undertaken in the year 2014 include:
Audits on: updating the capital asset spreadsheet; auditing the costs and the development of the Dibamba thermal plant study of the tariff structure.
Others: reviewing the concession contract between the State and AES-Corp; assessing the transfer of the shares of AES Corp in AES-SONEL; price regulation; application of sanctions.
It is worthy of note that all projects are subject to a systematic principle of auditing established by the Regulator.
2.2. Auditing the capital asset spreadsheet update Results of the audit of AES-SONEL's capital asset spreadsheet revealed unjustified expenditures to the tune of 8.4 billion at the end of the physical review and 24.8 billion CFA francs after the accounting review in 2013.
As a matter of fact, AES-SONEL requested an extension of the audit service, but failed to provide supporting documents during the time allotted to this mission.
Thus, the complementary mission planned to audit the 33 billion CFA francs of capital asset is lagging due lack of funding in 2014.
2.3. Complimentary audit of the development and construction cost of the Dibamba power plant and audit of the DPDC company This audit involved an examination of additional supporting documents relating to expenditures incurred for the development and construction of the Dibamba plant provided by DPDC, as well as our expert opinion on the operating expenses of 2011, 2012 and 2013 in conformity with the estimates of the DPDC electricity company's financial model.
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Therefore, the observations reveal that:
unjustified and ineligible expenses lead to additional cost included to the development and construction cost of the 927 million CFA F worth plant; the operating expenses of DPDC excluding depreciation expenses and income taxes, in relation with estimates of the financial model reviewed by nature gave a favourable opinion on the charges of 9 015 million CFA, 5 337 million CFA and 4 200 million CFA for the year 2011, 2012 and 2013 respectively.
2.4. Tariff structure study The formula for determining Maximum Allowable Revenue (MAR) during the period 2014-2015 has been reviewed and adopted. It should be added as part of the amendments to the concession and licensing contract.
2.5. Transfer of the shares of AES Corp. in AES-SONEL It has been effective since May 23, 2014, by the redemption of AES Corp's shares of by ACTIS.
2.6. Price regulation In accordance with the contract provisions, ARSEL examined ENEO's tariff plan for 2014.
Following the Government's decision not to publish the tax-free sale rates of electricity for 2014, ARSEL, by decision No. 0084/ARSEL/DG/DCEC/TCB/SDAJ of 17 July 2014 noticed a profit loss by of 17 493 846 416 CFA F AES-SONEL.
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3. LEGAL AND STATUTORY REGULATION
3.1 Protection of consumers' rights and interests Pursuant to the provisions of sub paragraph 1 of article 85 of law No. 2011/022 of 14 December 2011 regulating the electricity sector in Cameroon which stipulates that: in case of conciliation proceedings, recourse can be made to ARSEL by any physical or legal person, any professional organization or association of users, for it to settle conflicts between users, on the one hand, and operators on the other; thus, through the mediation of its conciliation Commission, ARSEL held thirty-five (35) conciliation sessions in 2014.
During these thirty-five conciliation sessions which included thirty-two in Yaoundé and three in Douala, 679 complaints were registered and examined twice averagely before each record was closed.
These sessions in which presidents of electricity consumers associations often participate, representing their members on the one hand, and lawyers, who are often committed by plaintiffs on the other hand, are satisfactory to most stakeholders of the electricity sector.
The tables below provide a summary of statistics of complaints of some electricity consumers registered and processed in 2014.
Table 1: Complaints registered by region
Number of complaints Region registered LITTORAL 69 CENTER 565 ADAMAWA 2 FAR NORTH 4 NORTH 2 NORTH WEST 1 WEST 8 SOUTH WEST 5 EAST 3 SOUTH 20 TOTAL 679
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Table 2: Summary of the processing of complaints registered in conciliation session
Number of Number of Number of files Number cases Number of Matrix Rate of conciliation closed, pending of resolved minimum percentage of resolutions period sessions review and in complaint including 46 review of each examination of favouring including 12 process of being s received by the call- complaint complaints subscribers site inspections resolved. centre
Jan to Dec. 2014 679 35 441 238 2 94.40% 61.21%
Figure 1: Three-year complaint processing evolution
Three-year complaint processing evolution 800
600
400
200
0 niveau 2012 2013 2014 référence
At the end of that year's conciliation sessions, the commission annulled a cumulative amount of 36 273 388 F CFA following overbilling.
3.2 Statistics of the call center's activities
Table 3: Statistics of the call center
Supply Unimplemented Unimplemented bad quality Incorrect Case Miscellaneous Total interruptions connections subscriptions of current billing ADAMAWA 10 0 0 0 0 0 10 CENTER 909 12 1 3 2 22 949 EAST 3 0 0 0 0 0 3 FAR NORTH 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 LITTORAL 46 1 0 2 6 12 67 NORTH 57 0 0 0 0 0 57 NORTH 3 0 0 0 0 2 5 WEST WEST 18 1 0 0 0 0 19 SOUTH 41 0 0 0 0 3 44 SOUTH WEST 14 0 0 1 0 0 15 TOTAL 1102 14 1 6 8 39 1170
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Table 4: Inflow of calls made to the call center according to the nature of problems faced by consumers
Far North South Adamawa Centre East Littoral North West South North West West interruption of 10 965 4 1 55 59 4 19 42 14 supply Poor electricity 0 123 0 1 11 0 0 1 0 1 quality Unimplemented Subscription and 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 connection Contested bill 0 16 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 Various calls 0 22 0 0 15 0 2 0 3 0 Total/region 10 1173 4 3 83 59 6 20 45 16
It is worth noting that modernizing the call center and switchboard equipments would go a long way to enable ARSEL to intervene more efficiently in the resolution of problems faced by stakeholders of this sector.
3.3 Legal Matters During the past year, the Agency ensured legal compliance as well as the follow-up of litigations and the dissemination of laws that govern the electricity industry. Essentially, it issued legal opinion on: . applications for advancements tendered by certain staff of the Agency, . advancement and reclassification at ARSEL, . regularization of temporary workers, . compensation rate, . the low-cost subscription campaign launched by ENEO Cameroon S.A.
Other activities included: o carrying out the study for the drafting of ARSEL's conciliation Regulation o participating in the effort to sell AES Corp's shares to ACTIS, o partaking in the workshop for the validation of the MINJUSTICE report on the state of human rights in Cameroon in 2012, o issue opinions on applications for permits.
As concerns the dissemination of laws on the electricity sector, the Agency has drafted an addendum of the compilation of laws governing the electricity industry.
3.3.1 Review of AES-SONEL's concession framework contract and licensing
On 16 December 2013, the review culminated in the signing of the Protocol of amendments. The Agency participated in the continuation of negotiations relating to the review of the concession and licensing contracts between ENEO and the Government. The amendments remained pending until 31 December 2014.
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3.3.2 Application of sanctions provided for by law In accordance with article 97 subsection 2 of Law No. 2011/022 of 14 December 2011 governing the electricity sector in Cameroon, the Electricity Sector Regulatory Agency may impose civil penalties on offenders.
Thus penalties for unsupplied energy imposed an amount of 3 587 266 784 CFAF on AES-SONEL in 2014.
3.3.3 Arbitration of disputes Following a call for tender that was launched, Jean Claude AWANA, a consultant was selected for the feasibility study relating to the implementation of the arbitration center of the Electricity Sector Regulatory Agency.
3.4 Attribution of permits In accordance with the regulation, applications for permits start being processed after the complete file has been received and transmitted to ARSEL by the promoter. That is why statistics on the attribution of reference permits are based on complete files transmitted by the promoters. It is quite clear that in 2014, seven (7) permits were attributed, including four (4) independent electric energy producers (GUINNESS Cameroon, SCTB, ICRAFON and CAMLAIT) and three (3) producers in rural areas who have the competence to distribute and sell in accordance with the provisions of articles 60 and 61 of the Law governing the sector (IED INVEST, GDFEE, and SUNERGY).
Furthermore, an application submitted in view of obtaining a production license for the GRENOR Company is being finalized, including an authorization for the Kedjom Power Project Company, for production, distribution and sale in rural areas in its assignment for 2015.
The table below shows the number of permits granted from 2001 to 2014.
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Table 5: Statistics on the permits granted since 2001
% of processed Complet Concession scheme Licensing scheme Authorisation scheme Declaration system Free system applications Total e Formal received permits applicati Years Production / application attribute ons produ trans distrib produc distrib produc distrib Auto- distribution/s produc distrib produc s sale sale sale sale d received ction port ution tion ution tion ution production ale tion ution tion
rural area 2001 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 100% 2010 1 1 2 5 2 100% 2012 1 1 2 7 2 100% 2013 3 3 11 4 75% 2014 4 3 7 14 7 100% 41 19 Total 1 1 1 2 3 4 3 3 18
Concessions: signed by MINEE Total Complete Formal % of processed Licences: signed Years permits applications by MINEE applications applications received Freedom: granted granted received by the DG / ARSEL
Attribution 2001 4 4 4 100% of permits 2010 2 5 2 100% 2012 2 7 2 100% 2013 3 11 4 75%
Authorisations: Authorisations: signed by the signed by the 2014 7 14 7 100% DG/ARSEL DG/ARSEL TOTAL 18 41 19
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4. TECHNICAL REGULATION
4.1 Energy efficiency Between 2013 and early 2014, ARSEL conducted a study for the establishment of the National Energy Efficiency Plan (NEEP) with the support of the European Union through one of its organs known as EUEI-PDF. The final report of this study was submitted to the Government for approval. This permitted the elaboration of a policy, strategy and action plan on energy efficiency, in line with other existing public policies in the country that aim to reduce electricity consumption by 25% by 2025, based on four (04) major points: reduce electricity bills in public buildings; improve energy efficiency in industries and services; raise awareness amongst households on the possibility of saving electricity; adapt the institutional and regulatory framework to the current situation in the electricity sector. This approach should be considered as an attempt among others to find a solution to the imbalance that exists between demand and supply of electricity. It should therefore be included to the numerous ongoing projects, the outcome of which is expected in the medium and long term. The results of the study show that 2 250 GWh could be saved, equivalent to a production capacity of 450 MW (equal to the installed power of Song Loulou, which is the largest plant in the country), as shown in the table below:
Table 6: Results of the study relating the establishment of the NEEP
Equivalent Avoided cost in the Energy Investments to Savings production construction of saving achieve savings (Euros) capacity equivalent capacity (GWh) (Euros) (MW) (Euros)
Industries 1 165 139 550 000 149 187 000 233 582 500 000
Commercial 505 28 950 000 64 669 000 101 252 500 000 buildings
Residential and 280 18 400 000 35 856 000 56 140 000 000 end-users
Electrical system 300 37 000 000 38 438 000 60 150 081 000
TOTAL 2 250 223 900 000 288 150 000 450 1 125 081 000
So far, ARSEL has undertaken steps to implement without delay, measures recommended by the NEEP, particularly among the most appropriate executing agencies for the coordination of each action of the NEEP.
However, load management (demand management or "demand response") which turns out to be a key element of energy efficiency is not addressed in the National Energy Efficiency Plan. In a bid to have a complete document on energy efficiency in Cameroon, the Agency has
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drafted the terms of reference for a follow-up study on national strategy, policy development and the development of a national plan of action concerning load management. For this purpose, ARSEL once more requested the support of EUEI-PDF for the corresponding follow- up study.
4.2. Monitoring projects in the sector
4.2.1 Project funding On 12 December 2014, the General Manager of ARSEL sent a request for funding to the "Project Manager" of "Energy Initiative Partnership Dialogue Facility (EUEI PDF)" of the European Union in Yaoundé. In the correspondence, ARSEL saluted the constant support given by EUEI PDF for the capacity-building of Cameroon's regulation sector as part of funds distributed to public and private organizations in addition to the 'Country' cooperation. This involves the support the Agency received to conduct the study on the National Policy, Strategy and Action Plan for Energy Efficiency in the electricity sector of Cameroon, making it possible today, for the country to have a useful referential system which is unique in Central Africa. In its request, ARSEL expressed its desire to complete the plethora of renewable energy and energy efficiency regulation tools, which aim to maximize the availability of electricity supply by taking inter-sectoral measures, while seeking ways and means to reduce tariffs through the following ways:
conduct a study for the elaboration and application of instruments for the implementation of Government policies on renewable energy, etc; support the implementation of the study on the National Policy, Strategy and Action Plan for Energy Efficiency in the electricity sector of Cameroon; elaborate scenarios relating to energy, while highlighting the potential contribution of renewable energy in the energy mix, based on various hypotheses. set a tariff structure of renewable energy and establish appropriate remuneration levels, taking into account various levels of possible compensation and connection diagrams for independent producers and auto- producers connected to the network; seek ways to build ARSEL's capacity such that in future, it is able to reiterate scenarios and proceed with the assessment, monitoring and adaptation of appropriate remuneration systems for renewable energy; elaborate model contracts for electricity purchase; seek for means to build capacity for launching calls for offers as specified in law 2011/022/ of 14 December 2011 governing the electricity sector.
As concerns support for the implementation of the study on the National Policy, Strategy and Action Plan for Energy Efficiency in the electricity sector of Cameroon, it involves beginning the implementation of the Action Plan proposed after completion of the baseline study.
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4.2.2 Assessment of deteriorated poles at the MT lots 1 & 2 sites of the ERD-RUMPI project in August 2014 As part of monitoring the ERD-RUMPI project, a mission group from ARSEL went to KUMBA from 07 to 10 August 2014, then from 04 to 08 December 2014 to assess the condition of the MT lots no 1 & 2 networks built and handed over since 2013. The objective was to assess the present condition of networks which have to do with:
the MT lots n° 1 & 2 networks handed over in 18 localities, most especially the assessment of the number of rotten poles indicated so as to request stakeholders to restore the faulty networks; the MT/BT hydro cluster networks and connections in 08 localities; submerged MT and BT networks in 03 localities; the PCH; the MT/MT station; photovoltaic solar installations. Considering the degradations, the following recommendations were made:
implement a communication and public awareness-raising strategy; encourage the production of energy from biomass; inculcate the culture of energy efficiency in the people; publicize the success of voltaic solar energy; optimize the project implementation time, particularly for the PCH; ARSEL will send a correspondence to AER bemoaning the degraded state of the networks (rotten and fallen wooden poles, transformers and cables); ARSEL draws the attention of the IED project supervisor to the loss of time in kick-starting the PCH, which may be financed by the EU; ARSEL will draw the Government's attention to the necessity to urgently mobilize funds in time for the implementation of the PCH or else lose the funding of the European Union which comes to an end on December 31, 2015. EIA shall use the success achieved with the photovoltaic kits to promote the use of photovoltaic solar energy for national rural electrification among municipalities; AER will assess the number of other poles that fell after the audit mission carried out in the meantime.
4.2.3 Small hydro power plant (2, 9MW) Falls 210 The construction work of the small hydroelectric plant (2, 9MW) 210 Falls is underway. Activities that are preliminary to the work have been carried. They involved:
submitting the construction documents; constructing the group's camp. opening and developing access roads right up to Boa Camp;
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laying out the 2nd and 3rd equipment storage areas; excavating the bypass threshold; the cofferdam has been completed, additional backfilling work is yet to be done in order to fill the gap; pipeline excavation 2600; excavation for the head pond has been completed. start concreting work concrete blinding; small plant: excavation and platform platform, earthworks and construction of the armour stone wall.
4.2.4 Supply, installation and after sales service of PV solar kits in 32 localities isolated in the RUMPI area The supply, installation and after sale service of photovoltaic solar kits for community infrastructure in 32 remote area localities in the Rumpi area has been completed. Altogether, 128 solar kits have been installed including: 34 kits in 12 primary schools; 9 kits in 4 secondary schools; 9 kits in 6 health centres and; 93 public lighting points.
The provisional acceptance took place on 31 December 2013. The after sales service which corresponds to the warranty period runs until 31 December 2014. The final acceptance of the works was done on 14 January 2015. The process of reconveying constructed facilities to decentralized local authorities is ongoing. The works completed in 26 localities with a potential of approximately 5000 connections are distributed as follows: . 87 km of three-phase 54.6 mm² MV network; . 9 km of three-phase 93.3 mm² MV network; . 56 km three-phase LV network; . 44 km of single-phase network; . 0.7 km of submerged LV network 3x70 + 70 mm²; . 15 transformers of 100kVA; . 16 transformers of 50 kVA.
4.2.5 Connection of 8 localities of the hydro cluster The connection of 08 localities of the hydro cluster was completed. The technical visit prior to the provisional acceptance of the work took place from 08 to18 March 2105. The number of connections done is 1 215 out of a total of 1 281 contract connections, a rate of 94.92%. All of these achievements by locality is presented in the table below:
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Table 7: Connection of 8 localities of the hydro cluster
Survey of 8 localities of the hydro cluster Division Sub-division Region Locality Implemented Implementation . .. Contract quantity quantity rate South West Meme Mbongue Boa Bakundu 313 290 92.65% South West Meme Mbongue Bombanda 131 122 93.13% South West Meme Mbongue Bombelé 140 121 86.43% South West Meme Mbongue Kumukumu 53 52 98.11% South West Meme Mbongue Dienyi 147 149 101.36% South West Meme Mbongue Boa Camp 16 9 56.25% South West Meme Mbongue Big Massaka 153 127 83.01% Kombone South West Meme Mbongue 328 345 105.18% Mission TOTAL 08 1.281 1 215 94.92%
4.2.6 Standardization of 30kV MV networks built in 18 localities Rehabilitation of the 30kV MV network implemented in 18 locality in the Rumpi area is ongoing: the pruning and felling of trees in order to free the line carried out on a distance of 10 km; digging is done in all localities for the implantation of 327 poles; all fallen poles have been transported to and stored at a site designated by the contractor ; the removal of 16 transformers is effective in all the localities so as to prevent any damage; a total of 197 posts have been received on the site and dispatched to some localities.
4.2.7 Invest'Elec project The last year was particularly marked by the completion of training workshops into school-training site (Bamenda, Bertoua, and Nkongsamba sessions), the drafting of a guide for promoting investment in renewable energy and the sub-sector of rural electrification, the Organization of the International Invest'Elec Fair, study tour: study tour to Madagascar, the mission of Paris and Amsterdam, Brussels and Lyon, the setting up of the Invest'Elec Unit, the meeting of the Invest'Elec project Steering Committee and the Invest'Elec pre-closing seminar.
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Among results of the training workshops into school-training site on the Preliminary Design Study (PDS) which took place between October and December 2014, six (6) PDS are already available, as well as executives of Small and Medium-size Enterprises (SMEs) and Decentralised Local Authorities (DLA) who were sufficiently informed on the implementation of the actual structures on the identified sites. The investment promotion guide makes it very easy to give necessary information to operators desirous of investing in Cameroon, particularly in renewable energy and in the sub- sector of rural electrification. In order to effectively organize the International Invest'Elec Fair, a team working on the project carried out a mission to Brussels and Lyon from 23 November to 06 December 2014. The Invest'Elec project included in its agreement a training for the Director and the Project Manager on the promotion of investment and the organisation of an International Fair. Unable to find a training in keeping with the terms of the convention, the Director and the Project Manager identified an activity that constituted a solution to the two actions to be implemented, namely the promotion of investments and organization of the International Invest'Elec Fair. It is this context that the two above-mentioned officials of Invest'Elec project attended the EURAFRIC PARTNERS Forum; they met the ARE and participated in the November 23- December 06, 2014 meeting.
4.2.8 Project for the expansion 5000 MW in Cameroon's Power park The project has been studied throughout the year and proposals made have the following objectives: increase the national offer of electricity in order to resolve energy deficit which is a prerequisite for a sustained economic growth. to take advantage of the existence of a regional electricity market to make Cameroon an exporter of electric energy in the subregion (PEAC) and in the West African Power Pool (WAPP) across Nigeria.
The project was submitted to the Director General for approval and all staff copied in view of them suggesting a few amendments. A strategic committee has was programmed for this purpose.
4.2.9 Smart Meters As part of the implementation of a smart metering system in Cameroon, pilot programme activities on smart metering were conducted in the course of the year 2014. They included: consumer awareness on smart meters; participating in the presentations of offers from a few interested service providers; preparing the draft law changing the metering system of Cameroon into a smart metering system. capacity building of the Committee in this field, especially the experienced garnered from France that has already led a similar project; requesting funding for the project from the AfDB and MINEE;
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following-up the results of the call for expression of interest launched in July 2013. holding three meetings of the operational Committee ; transmitting the draft law extra earlier mentioned to the Ministry of Water and Energy and to a member of Parliament who made the request. ARSEL effectively submitted a draft law to the Ministry of Water and Energy in December 2014 following an inquiry of the Prime Minister's Cabinet on the issue. The Operational Committee on smart metering met on 2 December 2014 in order to examine the draft law, its explanatory statement as well as its presentation note.
4.2.10 LEGAL METROLOGY AND VERIFICATION OF ELECTRICITY METERS The Cameroonian company AMLA MECTRICS that is engaged in legal metrology in Cameroon, in collaboration with its German partners ZERA has requested an audience with the General Directorate of ARSEL relating to the testing of instruments for verification and calibration of electricity meters offered by the companies. A study tour on measurement instruments of electric meters will be held for this purpose in the year 2015.
With the presence of its German partner ZERA in Cameroon, a meeting was held on 27 November 2014 at ARSEL to discuss on these instruments used to control electric meters. During the meeting, AMLA presented the project for the control and verification of electricity meters in Cameroon for which ARSEL's General Directorate showed interest. the main elements of the project were:
the selection of about a hundred companies that will work in this sector; the training these companies as part of a cooperation programme between MINCOMMERCE and Higher Teachers' Training College (ENS) drafting terms of reference for the capacity building of the selected companies; complete transfer of technology; the deployment of the companies on the field. It is also a permanent activity and the project is ongoing given its importance.
4.2.11 Study tour on renewable energy In view of the multi-sectoral nature inherent to the development and promotion of renewable energy, particularly in regard to: the specific legal framework, energy and environmental policies, incentives, the subsequent impact on social economy, decentralized energy production, several Cameroonian administrations and institutions have been approached to participate in the study mission on renewable energy held
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from 30 August to 15 September 2014 in Europe. It was presided over by Mr. KEDI Jean Pierre, ARSEL's Director General. It took place in two phases, the first from 30 August to 7 September 2014 in Germany, and the second phase from 07 to 15 September 2014 in France.
Preparations for the study visit included meetings with GIZ in order to set the objectives of the trip, determine the date and the number of participants who can be supported by GIZ.
As concerns the second phase of the study visit in France, negotiations were done by email correspondences between ARSEL and executives of Enercoop and the Régie Communale d’électricité (Communal Electricity Authorities) of Montdidier.
The following administrations and institutions participated in the mission: SENATE, MINEPDED, MINFOF, MINPMEESA, MINFI, MINATD, ARSEL, ANOR, FEICOM, Mayors (Akom II and Mayo-Baleo).
Its objective was to allow the Cameroonian delegation to know: the status and operating mode of the various institutions and councils involved with renewable energy; the specifications and collaboration schemes between the institutions or councils, Regulators and other operators; reports and research contributions and potential development in renewable energy; the structure of feed-in tariffs and sale/redemption applied for the various productions of renewable energy: Wind turbine photovoltaic produced by third parties; other forms (biomass, wood energy, etc.). incentives for the promotion of renewable energy in both countries; modalities for the interconnection and connection of renewable energy sources to public transmission and distribution
electricity networks.
This trip revealed that the development of renewable energy requires a good organization of the sector, notably by establishing a specific legal framework with emphasis on: - priority access to the grid for renewable electricity in the zones, sites, or facilities where its cost is more competitive than that of fossil origin; - Feed-in-tariffs (‘FITs’) for producers of renewable energy; - an intensive awareness-raising campaign targeting policy-makers, consumers and communities on the benefits of decentralised energy production and the need to support the injection of renewable energy in the network. 18
As a result of this trip, several recommendations were made to stakeholders of the electricity sector, of decentralization, the environment, social economy, for the development of renewable energy, notably: - drawing up a legal framework for renewable energy; - developing a local mapping of the potential of renewable energy and conducting a feasibility study of clusters by energy-efficient zones in Cameroon; - implementing smart metering systems in Cameroon; - Capacity building of stakeholders; - supporting decentralized local authorities in the implementation of decentralized energy production systems from agricultural waste and the forestry industry; - promoting citizen participation and cooperation between local authorities for the development of renewable energy; - identifying endogenous solutions of mobilization of funding for the purposes of generalizing production systems, and accelerating the development of standards and certification processes in the renewable energy sector; - systematizing the requirement of conformity evaluation prior to the loading of materials and imported equipment of the renewable energy sector, for the Cameroonian market; - setting up a multi-sectoral task force to examine the possibility of implementing project ideas suggested at the end of the study tour; - elaborating Cameroon's strategy for renewable energy and necessary laws after being edified on the existing strategic process at the UN, AU and EU, in order not to aggravate the delay vis-a-vis African countries that are pioneers of renewable energy.
4.3. Projects follow-up matrix
Table 8: Development of projects from 2013-2014
NO Title Status Follow-up of the Kribi - The construction of a gas-fired plant with a capacity of 216 MW in Kribi and the Edea- 1 gas-fired thermal plant Kribi 225 kV double ground transmission line with a length of 100 km has been completed. (KPDC) - Gas will be available during the 1st quarter of 2013 Preparatory works financed by the 2011 bond have completed, particularly the Prject Owner's village and the access road; - the World Bank has approved its share of the funding - the ground-breaking ceremony was chaired by the Head of State. -the work is proceeding normally.
3 Follow-up of the LOM- ARSEL's mission from 15 to 17 December 2014: PANGAR dam project - structures constructed in conformity with rules and regulations on the safety and protection of the environment; - ARSEL's concern on the contractual aspect, about risk of delay in delivery of the work, due to difficulties in the process of removing equipment at the Douala port, on the one hand, and the impact of non-removal of forest biomass upon impoundment of the dam's reservoirs, on the other. Follow-up of the -The contract for the dam construction works has been signed. 4 MEMVE’ELE hydro- - The ground-breaking ceremony was chaired by the Head of State. electric development - The work is proceeding normally.
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NO Title Status project 2nd phase of ARSEL Mission project follow-up 1.12.2014 - - structures constructed in conformity with rules and regulations on the safety and protection of the environment; - ARSEL's concern on the contractual aspect, about risk of delay in delivery of the work, due to difficulties in the process of removing equipment at the Douala port, on the one hand, and the impact of non-removal of forest biomass upon impoundment of the dam's reservoirs, on the other. - The work that begun in November 2011 is already about 50% completed in late 2012. - Preparations for the ground-breaking ceremony are underway. 2nd phase of ARSEL Mission project follow-up 27.11.2014 - effectiveness work on the field; Follow-up of the - - structures are constructed in conformity with rules and regulations on the safety and 5 MEKIN hydro-electric protection of the environment and engineering practices; development project ARSEL's concern on the contractual aspect, about risk of delay in delivery of the work, due to difficulties in the process of removing equipment at the Douala port, on the one hand, and the impact of non-removal of forest biomass upon impoundment of the dam's reservoirs on the other, and the chaotic collaboration between the CNEC company and the CIMA contractor. Follow-up of the Noun Following difficulties to establish an MoU with the original developer, a call for 6 Wouri hydro-electric expressions of interest is being prepared at ARSEL development project Follow-up of the BINI 7 à WARAK hydro- Following approval of the environmental impact study report by DELPHOS the sponsor, electric development preparations for to launch of the call for tender started began. project - Designed to work between 3 and 6 hours per day, EDC announced that the PTU worked most of the time between 10 and 14 hours a day, Thermal Emergency -All expenses relating to the PTU were supported by the State to a tune of 52 billion 8 Project (PTU) annually (annuities, fuel, maintenance, rents for the AHALA plant); monitoring - Negotiations were held during the year between EDC and AES-SONEL for its retrocession; - Most of the generators are off due to lack of fuel. Follow-up of the Rio Working sessions were held at ARSEL to discuss on water rights and model contracts for 9 Tinto Alcan, industrial purposes. ALUCAM projects 10 Follow-up of the Chad- Cameroun Diplomatic efforts are underway.
interconnection project Follow-up of the A mission team composed of members of the National Coordination Unit and AES-SONEL 11 CEMAC peri-urban visited four (4) Regions (NO, AD, Fa-NO & ES). electrification project 42 zones were approved with a minimum of 10 860 targeted households. Follow-up of the SCADA project and 12 Waiting ART's response on the cost of fibre optics AES-SONEL fibre optics Follow-up of the 13 Cameroon-Nigeria Diplomatic efforts are underway. interconnection project Follow-up of the - During discussions between the Sponsor, ARSEL and MINEE, the Sponsor failed to 14 Menchum provide credible guarantee on the project funding. hydroelectric project: - Launching a call for tenders is envisaged for this project;
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NO Title Status 65 MW - A Steering Committee has been set up and TORs for the hiring of Consultants have been prepared.
Nationalised, and all preliminary Studies transferred to (CCWE) project Menchum, power project limited actually claiming compensation for studies done the site EUR 5.25 million, equivalence of 3 438 750 gold 000cfa - This project falls within the framework of sites to develop. - The process of attributing the site to IED has been finalized, the latter having submitted Follow-up of the license attribution file for review. (2012): 15 MBAKAOU * authorization for production, distribution and sale granted in 2014; CARRIERE project * the Sponsor rejects the PPA with ENEO to sell the totality of its produced energy; * a letter was sent to the sponsor by ARSEL. - The gas plant and the pipeline have been completed. - The Sponsor approached ARSEL to inquire about regulations on auto-production. This effort was in the perspective of better advising potential clients. Follow-up of the - The sponsor also submitted a request for auto-production in its gas processing plant site 16 LOGBABA thermal (2012) gas plant * gaz du Cameroon is following-up the issuance of authorization and auto-production permits for 4 customers, notably: Guinness Cameroon SA, SCTB SA , ICRAFON and Camlait SA; * All the permits were issued in 2014. 17 The SONG NDONG Implementation of the Song Dong hydroelectric development project Tiver Sanaga. project
4.4. Control of the quality of technical service In the perspective of monitoring and controlling the quality of technical services provided by AES SONEL to its consumers, ARSEL was deployed on the field from 10 to 22 February 2014 in an effort to ascertain the operating status of isolated thermal plants, to monitor the status of electric energy transmission and distribution lines, to evaluate the amount of energy not supplied to consumers in localities supplied by isolated thermal plants from 2007 to 2013, and to control environmental aspects. The overall objective of the mission was to allow ARSEL to control, monitor the quality of service provided by operators on the one hand, and inform the Government of Cameroon on the situation of the electricity sector, on the other. The main facilities target in this mission were electricity-generation plants and transformation stations:
the Lagdo hydroelectric plant; the isolated thermal plants of: 21
Ambam, Banyo, Bengbis, Bertoua, Garoua-Boulai, Ngaoundal, Olamze, Meyomessala, Djoum, Tibati, Touboro, Lomié, Betaré-Oya, Yokadouma, Poli, Bamendjin, Mbakaou, Campo, Tignere, Mapé, Mundemba, Nkondjock, Yoko, Mouanko, Moloundou;
the Ngaoundere, Garoua and Guider stations.
During the mission, ARSEL's team observed that: efforts had been made to equip the thermal plants compared with the previous situation in 2012 in some plants; in the 26 isolated thermal plants, 50% did load-shedding during peak hours (18H - 22H); isolated thermal plants were operating without any power reserves. the specific consumption average was identical to that of 2012, 0.30 L/kWh; the installed capacity of isolated thermal plants in February 2014 was 37.982 MW for a total of 87 generators; there is a glaring lack of staff at the plants; ARSEL's team visiting isolated plants. They included: Ambam, Banyo, Bengbis, Bertoua, Garoua-Boulai, Ngaoundal, Olamze, Meyomessala, Djoum, Tibati, Touboro, Lomié, Bétaré-Oya at that period produced 68270.72 MWh for 19 550 428 litres of fuel consumed in 2013; Notwithstanding the construction of decanters in the thermal plants, waste of oil products were dumped in nature; very few plants have new genarators; corridors were the lines pass had not been adequately cleaned; only a few sections were pruned; transformers of the Djamboutou and Guider stations operated at more than 100% of their capacity; in isolated plants that were visited, unsupplied energy was 5.82 GWh in 2010;
5.33 GWh in 2011; 2. 21GWh in 2012 and 10.9 GWh in September 2012.
Based these results, the following recommendations were made to ENEO: continue and finalize the enhancement of the installed capacities available in isolated thermal plants; provide sufficient and quality workforce for the plants; conduct an audit on fuel consumed in the Olamze plant during the months of February and March 2013; consider the gradual connection of areas covered by isolated thermal plants to interconnected networks in its future investment programmes. The dismantling of isolated plants must therefore become a priority of the next investment programmes;
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consider, in its future investment programmes, purchasing transformers in order to reduce the loads of existing ones in stations that operate at more than 100% of their capacity; It should be noted that the Government is conducting a study on the siltation of the Lagdo hydroelectric plant's reservoir.
4.5. Preparation for low water During the period of December to June, Cameroon experiences a dry season which leads to water level decrease in watersheds. Electricity production in Cameroon is largely based on hydropower. More precisely it represents 55.4% of the national production in Cameroon. During that period, the two hydroelectric plants (Song loulou and Edea) and installed on the Sanaga River basin had difficulties to produce at full capacity because of considerable reduction of water level in the basin. This makes it difficult to meet the electricity demand in South Interconnected network. This period is known in
Cameroon low-flow period.
In preparation for the low-flow period of 2015, ARSEL carried out a mission from 17 to 24 November 2014 in electricity production plants of the South Interconnected network, in order to monitor and control activities of operators in terms of managing storage dams, hydroelectric plants, connected thermal plants one the one hand, and to inform the Government
of Cameroon on the situation of the electricity sector on the other.
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The objectives of this mission included: knowing and controlling the aspects listed below in the Edea and Song-loulou (SLL) hydroelectric plants and in the Kribi Dibamba, Logbaba, Bafoussam, Bassa, Oyomabang thermal plants: the operating status of power generating plants; the availability rate of generators; the maintenance programme for 2015; fuel consumption in thermal plants; the performance of plants; energy consumed by auxiliaries of the plant as well as those supplied to the network; level of compliance with environmental protection legislation; the implementation level of preventive and corrective maintenance operations in 2014. check the condition of corridors through which electrical energy lines transmission and distribution pass; monitor and assess the following in Mapé and Bamendjin storage dams: filling volume ; water realease flow the implementation level of maintenance operations; the implementation level of the
investment program.
During the mission, ARSEL's team found out that: Despite the fact that the available capacity of the Edea hydroelectric plant is 100%, its maximum production in November 2014 was limited because the downstream water level was very high, thereby limiting the turbinated flow; the implementation of the three-year program for securing the SLL hydroelectric structure will require that 2 generators be switched off for a period of about 6 months in 2015. Faced with this capacity deficit related to the implementation of these works, temporary production from rented generators is being envisaged, including the provision of gas for a capacity of 50 MW by a company called Gaz du Cameroun in mid-January 2015; a project is recorded in Capex 2015 for the rehabilitation of the non-submersible dike, the elevation and strengthening of the dike overhanging from the station to the Edea plant in order to optimize the water supply of Lom Pangar;
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calculating demand and supply made it possible notice to a deficit of 20 MW in January 2015. Thus, measures will have to be taken in 2015, including the commissioning of the Ahala thermal plant to solve: the energy deficit in January 2015; the problem of voltage variation beyond the contractual limit. 10% main cause of the dropping of production plants which very often leads to a total collapse of the SIN. the total production of plants increased from 4 031 918.2 MWh between January and October 2013 to 4 673 497.4 MWh over the same period in 2014; thermal plants of the SIN were less solicited by the network conductor since January 2014; water volumes recorded during the months of January to October 2014 in Mapé, Bamendjin and Mbakaou storage dams significantly increased compared to the volumes recorded in the same period in 2013; the fill rates of the three storage dams on 16 November 2014 is good news for low 2015, notably 69% for Mapé, 90% for Bamendjin and 100% for Mbakaou; the operator announces the beginning of the water release as from the month of January 2015, unlike the previous years when it started in December; the operator has announced several measures to improve the quality of technical services provided to consumers; 07 New transformers of 30 MVA, that will be distributed in 3 stations of Douala, 2 in Yaoundé and that of of Djamboutou were acquired to reduce the loads of transformers;
Based on these results, and in order to better face the low-flow period of 2015, the mission recommends that: . measures be taken by the Government for the commissioning of the Ahala thermal plant before the low water level period; . operators (ENEO, KPDC and DPDC) should take measures for ensure availability of adequate and quality fuel in thermal plants, notably the SNH for the Kribi gas- fired plant; . the ARSEL should establish a schedule for the follow-up works announced by ENEO; . ARSEL should contact: o MINFI to solve the problem of procedure and time taken to remove equipment destined for the Kribi gas plant out of the Douala port in order to reduce the plants response time and hence its unavailability; o ENEO in order to inform them on the content of the interruption logbook; . ENEO should transmit to ARSEL: o the interruptions news every semester to avoid inconsistencies observed in the annual file transmitted to the ARSEL. o the state of non-distributed energy and sales for the calculation of contractual incentives in the tariff of the following year.
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4.6. Contractual incentives Non-distributed energy (%) The use of different data (interruptions logbook, the activity report, the report of the INS, etc.) and the application of provisions of the framework contract as well as terns of references gave values of contractual incentives relating to non-distributed energy indicated in the table below.
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Table 9: Summary of penalties for unsupplied energy
SUMMARY OF PENALTIES FOR UNSUPPLIED ENERGY 2011 2012 2013 2014 BT MT BT MT BT MT BT MT EV (GWh) 1 501.50 582.60 1 575.88 601.89 1 645.34 644.45 1 721.15 682.06 NENF (GWh) 7.51 2.91 7.88 3.01 8.23 3.22 8.61 3.41 ENF (GWh) 6.59 11.19 15.69 26.90 19.82 24.30 10.04 18.26 ENF isolated thermal plant (GWh) 3.96 0 1.86 0.00 2.87 0.00 6.21 0.00 Total ENF (GWh) 10.54 11.19 17.55 26.90 22.70 24.30 16.25 18.26 Harmonized Consumer Price Index 2.9 2.4 2.1 2.0 (%) VENF (FCFA) 720.12 717.03 714.47 714.00 PENALTY = VENF * MAX (ENF-NENF; 0) * 1000000 2 185 780 777 5 960 755 240 6 935 477 547 17 131 575 939 10 337 455 799 15 058 777 122 5 455 433 302 10 600 012 724 (FCFA) Total Penality (BT+MT) 8 146 536 018 24 067 053 487 25 396 232 922 16 055 446 026 Turnover 116 348 515 400 42 016 632 981 128 578 663 953 49 388 941 213 135 797 998 959 54 096 398 762 141 031 569 109 80 625 703 373 Compensation from the State 13 413 757 911 4 844 075 072 0 0 0 0 12,441,455,482 5,052,390,936 PENALTY = 1.5% x CA (FCFA) 1 946 434 100 702 910 621 1 928 679 959 740 834 118 2 036 969 984 811 445 981 2 302 095 369 1 285 171 415 MINIMUM PENALTY (FCFA) 1 946 434 100 702 910 621 1 928 679 959 740 834 118 2 036 969 984 811 445 981 2 302 095 369 1 285 171 415 2 649 344 720 2 669 514 077 2 848 415 966 3 587 266 784 PENALTIES (FCFA) 11 754 541 547
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Objectives of the connection
In view of the low error margin found by ARSEL during the technical inspection mission of the transmission objectives, data given by ENEO for the calculation of the penalty for the objectives of connections during the period 2006-2010 can be validated. Thus the table below
Table 10: Penalty amount relating to the objectives of the connection
Contractual Non- Total five-year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2 010 realization Regions implementation Penalties goal rate (%) ADAMAWA 9 737 149 2 440 1 641 1 502 1 422 7 154 26.53 47 569 299 CENTRE 71 330 1 744 11 365 14 633 17 901 17 379 63 022 11.65 34 731 825 EAST 8 709 494 916 819 937 1 065 4 231 51.42 106 622 269 FAR 13 665 2 658 4 382 3374 2 900 2 379 15 693 -14.84 - NORTH LITORAL 77 308 724 16 636 14420 16 716 15 535 64 031 17.17 163 940 126 NORTH 13 030 1 935 2 496 2884 1 896 1 591 10 802 17.10 27 342 075 NORTH 14 659 1 734 3 139 3028 3 399 3 690 14 990 -2.26 - WEST WEST 30 637 3 440 7 216 6856 6 894 6 805 31 211 -1.87 - SOUTH 6 412 1 003 1 151 743 1 614 1 228 5 739 10.50 939 976 SOUTH 20 613 1 557 3 891 4075 4 585 4 798 18 906 8.28 - WEST
266 100 15 438 53 632 52 473 58 344 55 892 235 779 381 145 570 TOTAL
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5. INTER-RELATED ACTIVITIES OF REGULATION
1.1 Communication Communication activities of the Agency during the year 2014 are summarized as follows:
a) Elaboration and implementation of a policy on internal and external communication within the Agency. a corporate communication plan which presents a coherent and strategic policy for internal and external communication has been elaborated and implemented; a new "banner-message" for the Agency's letterhead and the "Call-Center" has been set up; subscribing to 4 types of daily newspapers and 2 types of weekly newspapers, including "Cameroon Tribune" "Le Jour", "Mutations", "Quotidien de l'Economie", "Repères", and "L’Action".
b) Publication of the Agency's internal journal 11 monthly editions of the Agency's internal journal have been produced ;
c) Promotion of the Agency's image Radio programmes like "ARSEL at your service" with Radio Environnement. The second has been completely performed with 10 live broadcasts while the third contract was signed. These programmes were recorded on CD and they are available at media at the Agency's Media Unit in charge of Communication. recording and broadcasting the television programme “Droit au Clair’’ with the CRTV. " The second contract was equally entirely implemented with 22 programmes recorded and 20 broadcasts and rebroadcasts. A draft amendment to the contract was submitted to the hierarchy for approval and transmission to CRTV. Production of communication gadgets: A4 (220) & A5 (330) diaries, table calendars (700), ARSEL loincloths 482, and 600 greeting cards. flyers and brochures for the Invest'Elec project, 1 flyers at the front and rear of the conciliation platform and Call-center; 2 "kakimonos" (respectively with information on the Call-center and the conciliation platform), 1 track on the Call-center, 1 banner, brochure design containing information on ARSEL. a sign board and a banner for the celebration of the International Women's Day, as well as designing a logo for AFARSEL; a logbook for the Agency's drivers; posters for the Agency's anti-corruption Unit and a display of the Agency's signage along the main road.
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d) Preparation and implementation of activities having as objective to raise awareness and inform the public on the Agency's activities. These include:
publishing 6 editions of the internal communication journal "ARSEL Newsletter" and various announcements and regulatory press-releases through the written media, radio and TV; updating the Agency's web site (10 updates carried out); conceiving the first design of the Invest'Elec project web site.
e) Organization of meetings and receptions. The Agency participated in the organisation of the Invest'Elec seminar in Douala (from 7 to 17 April 2014) and the TOUREL project press conference on 24 April 2014.
It protocol service during the meeting with consumers' associations, the installation of the anti-corruption committee, the International Women's Day, and during ARSEL’s Board of Directors meeting.
f) Strengthening relations with other national organizations The Agency has contributed to the strengthening of partnerships through the renegotiation of partnership agreements with Radio Environnement and the CRTV and the negotiation of 2 partnership agreements for ASCARSEL (Sports and Cultural Association of ARSEL) with the INJS JUDO Club and BAFIA Volleyball.
1.2 Information Technology As concerns IT, activities carried out in 2014 led to a significant step forward in strengthening and modernizing the Agency's computer system on the one hand, and in the rational use of its resources on the other. As such, many projects were completed, others initiated and are currently being finalized.
These activities are a continuation of the three-year programme 2013-2015. They represent a summary of the level of achievement of the above-mentioned Unit's annual targets. Among the projects implemented, there are among others:
the project for the optimization and establishment of a telephone tax system, which helped to reduce the Agency's telephone expenses by 50%. the acquisition and distribution of new computers and other hardware in the Agency's stock; the deployment, configuration, and implementation of an e-learning platform; the Agency's cyber security monitoring; the follow-up and monitoring of the computer system; the development of a software solution to backup computer data; revision of the IT Procedures Handbook; drafting the Agency's computer security guide; study for the extension of the biometric access system; functional testing of the computer platform for the defence of consumers' rights; study for the development of a distributed system of energy saving;
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acquisition and deployment of authentic application software; implementation of the new telephone numbering plan in the branch exchange and in smartphones of the Agency's staff. The year 2014 was consistent the continuation of modernization and rationalization (dematerialization) actions initiated in 2012. It was marked by the completion of the above- mentioned large-scale projects. It can be said without risk of error that a giant step toward modernization and securing conditions, methods and working tools of the Agency was accomplished.
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6. Cooperation
1.3 European Union The European Union is currently funding the INVEST'ELEC and ERD RUMPI projects. The level of assessment of each of these projects was made clear in the previous chapters.
1.4 ERRA ERRA is an Association of Regulators in the sectors of Electricity, Gas and Water. It was created in December 2000. Its headquarters is in Budapest, Hungary.
The Association's aim is to: - improve national regulation in the sector of energy among members, especially allow them to acquire the best regulatory practices; - encourage the stability of regulators, particularly their autonomy and authority; - improve cooperation between regulators.
The Association's objectives include: - increasing communication and information exchange, research and experience sharing among members; - increasing information on energy regulation, global experience sharing and promoting training opportunities; - providing education and training programmes relating to the Association's purpose.
1.5 FISUEL The International Federation for the Safety of Electricity users (FISUEL) is an association that includes several structures responsible for the verifying the conformity of domestic electrical facilities in Africa, Europe, Asia and in America. Its goal is to promote electrical safety at the international level and to promote contacts and experience sharing between countries.
Major activities carried out by FISUEL in 2014 include: the General Assembly in Senegal and the international Forum in Northern Ireland.
6.3.1. General Assembly
On 20 and 21 may 2014, in DAKAR (Senegal), the Symposium and General Assembly of FISUEL was held. These were by preceded by meetings of the 3 working groups (Africa, Asia and Europe) and of the Board of Directors held held earlier on the 19th.
The event was held under the theme « ensuring a reliable and efficient access to electricity for users ».
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During this symposium, about thirty presentations were made by members and expert guests in their fields. These presentations were organized around 5 main themes: Electrical safety and statistics, reliable and efficient electrification of peri-urban areas, counterfeit, communication and testimonies
Electrical safety and statistics Many testimonies and examples helped to demonstrate the degree of risk and accidents related to poor mastery of electrical safety. 70% of fire incidents in the ECOWAS region (Economic Community of West African States) are of electrical origin. In Senegal alone, 55 people died in such fire incidents in 2013. The main cause is non-compliance with installation rules (93% of non–compliance in Senegal).
Thus, the first priority is to enforce mandatory control of facilities before connection to the electric network. There are real opportunities to develop common rules within ECOWAS. The safety barometer (www.safetybarometer.org) is a reference tool for verifying the security status of a country. Therefore authorities and various stakeholders should be encouraged to take appropriate measures to set electrical safety at the right standard.
Each Member of FISUEL, and any other person who is competent in this field is encouraged to contribute to the enhancement of this tool to make it more reliable and up-to-date as possible.
Reliable and efficient electrification in peri-urban areas "Electrification is not just about technical issues." This statement made at the symposium, sums up all stakes involved in the electrification of peri-urban and rural areas. Beyond the technical aspect, social, human, environmental stakes must be taken into account in such an approach. Many testimonies have underscored the need to take these into account. The mastery of this electrification, which carries out a large-scale implementation of renewable energy will lead to the improvement of living conditions of all. Meeting this challenge, will require imagination, creativity and adaptation to needs and practices at the local level.
Counterfeit Counterfeiting of electrical products which is worldwide scourge is taking dramatic proportions in Africa. More than 50% of products sold in Africa illegitimate. In some countries, it is almost 85%. The security of users cannot be ensured with these dangerous products. Despite these unanimous findings which have remained the same for several years, the situation has hardly changed.
Some countries lack regulations to qualify counterfeiting, market surveillance does not measure up to the challenge posed by this phenomenon. A question thus arises: What event, what factor would trigger a real "containment" of counterfeiting and how can it be demonstrated that its usage is a crime?
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6.3.2 INTERNATIONAL FORUM
The International Forum of FISUEL held in Belfast, Northern Ireland on 21 and 22 October 2014 under the sponsorship of BI Electrical Services and Invest Northern Ireland. This forum was preceded by meetings of Europe and Asia working groups, of the Board of Directors and was closed by the tour of the Antrim coast and especially the visit to the Giant's Causeway.
Key messages‐from the 22 presentations focused on the following topics: statistics, access to electricity, communication, electrical security, counterfeit and the reports of the 3 working groups include the following:
Quality The quality of an electrical installation ensures the safety of electricity users, if it is done by qualified professionals who use reliable products, apply the best practice, respect norms and regulations.
Statistics Statistics are important elements of comparison inasmuch as they are consistent and credible. It is the purpose of technical report ISO.TR 17755. They should be constantly updated and included in messages of socio–economic nature. A trend within FISUEL that seems to be shared. The number of fire incidents originating from electrical faults is situated between 20 and 30% of the causes determined.
Communication, education These are two very strong axes to raise awareness, inform the public and to change attitudes, especially young people, in terms of electrical safety.
Counterfeit, doubtful products These products and electric materials constitute a serious threat to the safety of electricity users. The importance of this issue has been demonstrated while its far-reaching impact on electrical security has been highlighted.
Electrical security Once again, the motivation of FISUEL members to promote best practices throughout the world has been demonstrated. This was for example:
results of the assessment (initial and periodic inspection) of electrical installations in European countries; the organization of initial and periodic inspection in Japan; the risk analysis mentioned on existing electric installations; transparency on skills of professionals via internet; consideration of natural hazards (earthquakes) to ensure electrical safety.
Access to electricity A systematic scoring is done on this topic during every forum. A scoring was done on progress relating electrification works in the per-iurban areas of Cape Verde and in the slums in Côte d'Ivoire.
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Summary The Belfast forum also resulted in the proposal of 4 great ideas:
the training and education of all stakeholders (authorities, professionals, consumers, youths,...) on the proper use of facilities and electricity security; sharing FISUEL's information by allowing the general public to access its website; FISUEL's participation in some international events for better visibility; communication on statistics using socio-economic messages. For example, by highlighting the impacts (human, material/goods, economic) house fire incidents of electrical origin; electrical accidents (electric shock, electrocution); absence of initial and periodic inspection; presence of doubtful and counterfeit products.
Regulations, publications and local communications helped strengthen the mission of FISUEL working groups. Moreover, a agreement between FISUEL and CENELEC (European standardisation organisation) was signed in December 2014.
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7. INTERNAL ADMINISTRATION
7.1 Administrative account
the budget approved at the 30th session of the Board of Directors of ARSEL held on 3 January 2014 was balanced into resources and uses to the tune of 2 billion five hundred and nineteen thousand one hundred thousand (2 519 100 000) CFAF, on an anticipated sum for certain resources which stood at 1 billion nine hundred and fifty-three million five hundred thousand (1 953 500 000) CFAF and contingent resources that stand at five hundred and sixty-five million six hundred thousand (565 600 000) CFAF.
Figure 2: The Agency's resources
565,600,000 , 22%
Ressources certaines 1,953,500,000 , 78% Ressources conditionnelles
The initial budget for the 2014 fiscal year allocated three hundred and forty-nine million seventy thousand sixty (349 070 060) CFAF in investment and 2 billion one hundred and seventy million twenty-nine thousand nine hundred and forty (2 170 029 940) CFAF in operation.
Figure 3: Initial budget
349,070,060 , 14%
Investissement 2,170,029,940 , 86% fonctionnement
The 30th ordinary session of the Board of Directors, held on 1St August 2014 authorized the budgeting of an additional resource which amounted to one hundred and ninety three million one hundred and seventy-four thousand two hundred and thirty one (193 174 231) CFAF.
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The 2014 Finance Law and the Circular implementing the budget of the State and of Public Administrative Institutions give the leeway to draw up an additional budget during the fiscal year in order to take into account the collection of unanticipated and non-budgeted resources. ARSEL's consolidated budget for the 2014 fiscal year was therefore balanced under resources and uses, amounting to the overall sum of two billion seven hundred and twelve million two hundred and seventy-four thousand two hundred and thirty one (2 712 274 231) CFAF.
Collection of resources Resources budgeted and adopted by the Board of Directors have not been completely collected. The state of collection of these resources is as follows:
Table 11: Collection of resources
Description total forecast collection % Total subsidies 379 500 000 330 000 000 86.96% Total charges on operators 1 308 500 000 1 250 817 796 95.59% Total charges for contract studies 823 600 000 50 700 000 6.16% Total other products and various 200 674 231 179 224 507 profits 89.31% 2 712 274 231 1 810 742 303 66.76%
Figure 4: Collection of resources in relation to projections
1,500,000,000 95,59% 6,16% 1,000,000,000 86.96% 89,31% 500,000,000 prévisions totales
0 recouvrement
If the operating grant has been recovered at 100% of its forecasts, the recovery of the investment subsidy hasn't been done (0). 95.59% of the amount planned to be collected as royalties from the operators has been recovered while 6.16% of the processing and contract charges have been recovered. This is due to delay in the implementation of certain projects such as LOM PANGAR, MEMVE'ELE ' ELE, MEKIN... In all, 66.76% of sure resources were recovered out of the projected global resources and 84.35% of identified sure resources, while conditional resources were not recovered.
7.2 Electricity tower Seeking to provide accommodation for their respective institutions, the Managing Directors of the Electricity Sector Regulatory Agency (ARSEL), the Rural Electrification
37
Agency (AER) and the Electricity Development Corporation (EDC), signed on 23 September 2010, at the behest of ARSEL and in the presence of the Minister of Energy and Water, a letter of intent for the construction of a jointly-owned Electricity Tower on the administrative property situated in the Yaoundé central hospital neighbourhood. This property was transferred to ARSEL by a Decree of the Prime Minister, head of Government. It's a BOT project for which the selected private partner will be in charge of designing, funding, constructing as well as operating and managing the edifice during the 15 years of the partnership contract. This duration should be sufficient and necessary to allow it to recover the invested funds and to achieve the margin which will be negotiated in the contract, through income made by renting the built areas to users.
a. Project description
Located in the city of Yaoundé, Central Region, the project includes: i) a Tower comprising of 41 floors, with 30 floors dedicated to office rental, 5 underground floors for parking, 3 floors for first-class shopping centres, 2 technical floors, 1 floor for a restaurant with a panoramic and an overhung heliport, for the first phase of the project; ii) the second phase of the project comprises of an 18 floor residential building of exceptional standard, impracticable to a certain category of visitors, which the electricity sector's great achievements unit has begun setting; iii) a resettlement building in compensation for the administrative property that has been assigned to the project site. MINDCAF has already designated lands intended for said relocation in the hippodrome neighbourhood. b. Project objectives
The TOUREL project objectives include:
provide accommodation for the offices of ARSEL/AER/EDC, as well as to any other stakeholder the electricity domain; promote one-stop shop in the electricity sector; embellish the city of Yaoundé; provide the political capital with a professional multifunctional and comprehensive environment; erect a symbol of the imposing national electric potential called to soon establish a connection between the WAPP (West African Power Pool) and the CAPP (Central African Power Pool). c. Project progress
The TOUREL project will be implemented through a partnership contract by a private partner known as UMNOMBO Consortium Partners (UCP) awardee by the Prime Minister, head of Government. After all legal and regulatory procedures for partnership agreements were followed by the Government Institution, the Prime Minister, head of Government awarded this contract to the South African Consortium UCP.
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The UCP and CARPA partners made their final comments on the third and final draft of the partnership agreement draft resulting from negotiations between the Government Institution and the contractor. The session for adoption is still waiting for the results of the audit of the financial model of the project MINFI wanted to finance to guarantee its reliability. But the non-disbursement of allocated funds by Directorate General of Treasury despite MINFI's instructions hampers the partial payment awaited by the American firm SYNERGY CONSULTING in order to travel to Yaoundé to officially submit the study and allow the conclusion of the partnership agreement. This delay has a ripple effect on the signing of contracts for the project's funding, insurance and re-insurance, implementation, operation and follow-up studies. This situation delays the start of work which was planned for the beginning of the dry season.
7.3 Works to extend the present headquarters of ARSEL: The service order to begin the renovation works of ARSEL's main building was served to the contractor on 27 March 2014 for a period of 3 months. These contract was hampered by several complications, the main ones being the following events: Events that occurred ever since the contract was awarded to Ets TECTEL which was at the origin of the expiration of implementation deadlines; inadequacy of the envelope allocated for the project; notification of the contract to the contractor prior to the signing of the financial controller, due to a misunderstanding at the mail service which delayed the effective start of work; delay in implementation; failure of the Agency's staff to leave the site and remove their furniture during the works; irregularity of the control mission on the site; implementation of additional tasks; delay on the part of the project manager as concerns studies related to additional works; non-payment of the contractor financial dues for which the transfer order was submitted to the treasury since 17 November 2014. Despite these problems, the percentage of completion of the work is 93%. The 7% difference represents certain tasks that were annulled by the project owner. Given the delays and the contractor's lack of financial means due to pending payment from the treasury, the project owner, the project manager and the contractor unanimously agreed to stop the project at its present level of implementation and to give the contractor, an amendment that includes: (i) essentially additional work that were actually performed and (ii) correction of errors made during the preparation of the contract by the CIPM; an additional sum of 6 855 468 CFAF Tax included, representing 26.3% of the initial contract amount.
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7.4 Social Activities
7.4.1 AFARSEL ASREL's Women Association participated in the celebration of the Internal Women's Day;
7.4.2 MUPARSEL ARSEL Staff Association continued with its activities to improve the advancement of its members (additional contributions for retirement, support for the personal contribution for health insurance etc.). The activities of MUPARSEL for 2014 were focused on three points, namely: - following-up additional retirement contributions for its members at the ACTIVA life insurance company where the members save 3% of their gross monthly wages; - following-up and reimbursing case management by the association under the additional health insurance policy ; - supporting members during significant events in their lives.
For the additional retirement benefit: MUPARSEL subscribed for "additional pension" insurance policy with the best conditions possible at the ACTIVA Life insurance company including two (02) guarantees: provision of retirement Assistance; the payment of a death benefit to the beneficiaries in the event of death of a member before retirement Also, MUPARSEL received from ACTIVA Life insurance company the contribution history of the association members on 31 December 2013, and handed it to every interested person for individual follow-up after verification by the Management Committee. Furthermore, a mission led by Mr. MPINA Jean Pierre went to Directorate General of ACTIVA Life for an assessment of the additional retirement bonus. As concerns the association support for addition to the insurance policy, i.e. 20% of expenditures supported by AXA, the association has regularly performed the task. Regarding other activities, including support in case of events marking the life of members, eighteen (18) members have each received the sum of 100,000 CFAF, a total of 1 800 000 CFAF, after receiving the Honour Medal of Work, MUPARSEL has also witnessed a marriage celebration. Mrs OBAM received the sum of 150 000 CFAF. These support is provided by through an account opened by the association at Credit Foncier.
7.4.3 ASCARSEL ARSEL Sports and Cultural Association has organized several events having contributed to the development of the Agency's staff.
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GENERAL CONCLUSION
The year 2014 was marked by the intensification of negotiations for the review of the concession and license contract between ENEO and the Government with the active participation of ARSEL. Problems of shortage of energy supply and poor quality of service have not really been satisfactorily resolved. The repurchase of shares by ACTIS roused more scepticism than assurance or hope in consumers Activities at the Agency led to the following results: financial and economic regulation; Results of the audit of AES-SONEL's assets revealed unjustified expenditures to the tune of 33 billion amounts. The formula for determining Maximum Authorized Income (RMA) in the period 2014- 2015 has been reviewed and set and will be added as part of the amendments to the concession and license. In accordance with the contractual provisions, ARSEL reviewed ENEO's 2014 tariff file and by decision n ° 0084/ARSEL/DG/DCEC/TCB/SDAJ of 17 July 2014 disclosed a loss of profit by AES-SONEL the tune of 17 493 846 416 F CFA.
Legal and statutory regulation ARSEL’s Conciliation Commission held thirty-five (35) conciliation sessions including 32 in Yaoundé and three in Douala in 2014. Overall, 679 claims have been enlisted and examined twice averagely before ant file is closed. At the end of the conciliation sessions, the commission annulled a cumulative amount of 36 273 388 F CFA following the overbilling. The Call center recorded a total of 1170 claims In 2014, seven (7) permits were attributed, including four (4) independent electric energy producers (GUINNESS Cameroon, SCTB, ICRAFON and CAMLAIT) and three (3) producers in rural areas who have the ability to distribute and sell in accordance with the provisions of articles 60 and 61 of the Law governing the sector (IED INVEST, GDFEE, and SUNERGY). An application for a production license for GRENOR is being finalized, including an authorization for the production, distribution and sale in rural zones for the company known as Kedjom Power Project, in their 2015 assignment.
Technical regulation Activities carried in 2014 by ARSEL for technical control of service quality revealed among other things that: The number of connections carried out is 1 215 out of a total of 1 281 contractual connections, a rate of 94.92%. As concerns project monitoring, the rehabilitation of the 30kV MV network built in 18 communities in the Rumpi area is ongoing. Finalizing training workshops into school-training sites on the Preliminary Design Studies (PDS) which enabled the availability of Six (6) PDS, the elaboration of an investment promotion guide in renewable energy and the rural electrification sub-sector, the Organization of the International Invest'Elec Fair. The mission carried out from 10 to 22 February 2014 by ARSEL in an effort to know the operating status of isolated plants revealed that: among the 26 isolated thermal plants operating
41
without power reserve, 50% do load-shedding during peak hours (6 PM to 10PM). The installed capacity of isolated thermal plants in February 2014 was 37.982 MW for a total of 87 generators. In preparing for the 2015 low-flow, ARSEL's mission carried out from 17 to 24 November 2014 in the SIN electricity generation plants reveals that despite the available capacity of the Edea hydroelectric plant of 100%, its maximum production in November 2014 was limited because of the high level of water downstream, limiting turbinated flows. The amount of contractual incentives (penalties) relating to renewable energy in 2014 in LV and MV rises to the tune of 3 587 266 784 F CFA.
The internal administration The consolidated budget of the ARSEL for the year 2014, was balanced into resources and the overall sum of F CFA two billion seven hundred and twelve million two hundred seventy-four thousand two hundred and thirty one (2 712 274 231). 95.59% of operators' royalty was recovered out of the planned amount while 6.16% of study and contracts charges were recovered In total, 66.76% of certain resources were recovered out of the overall planned resources.
Related activities The Agency's communication activities focused on: drafting and implementing a policy on the internal and external communication of the Agency (subscription to daily and weekly newspapers); promoting the Agency's image (radio and television programmes); public information and awareness-raising "ARSEL newsletter". As concerns the IT programme for 2014, it was marked by the modernization of the Agency's computer system and the rational use of resources. In terms of results, it can be noted among other things that: considerable reduction of the Agency's telephone expenses by 50% alongside a project for the optimization and establishment of a telephone tax system, the acquisition and distribution of new computers and other hardware in the Agency, the deployment, configuration and implementation of an e-learning platform, the establishment of a software solution for saving computer data. Cooperation and social activities were not neglected.
Prospects for 2015 remain focused on: - The announcement made by ENEO to inject new investments with sensitive impacts on the quality of service; - the effort to strengthen the financial and material resources of ARSEL in line with the evolution of the electricity sector.
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APPENDIX
43
STATISTICS OF THE ELECTRICITY SECTOR
1. Activities in the electricity sector during the period 2002 to 2014: 1.1 Production 1.1.1 Installed capacity Electricity in Cameroon is generated from various primary energy sources, including hydropower, HFO, LFO and gas-fired thermal plants, (since 2013). The capacities installed and operated by the various operators in charge of electricity generation in Cameroon are grouped as follows:
1.1.1.1 ENEO-Cameroon The plants operated by ENEO-Cameroon since it was taken over by ACTIS in July 2014 are represented by the tables below and summarized in the subsequent graphs.
Table 1: isolated thermal plant in February 2014 Number of Installed power Commissioning N° Plants Combustible generators (kW) date 01 BANYO Diesel 3 1328 1980 02 BERTOUA Diesel 11 17600 1989 03 GAROUA-BOULAI Diesel 3 1128 1997 04 NGAOUNDAL Diesel 2 880 2003 05 TIBATI Diesel 4 1124 1981 06 TOUBORO Diesel 2 430 1983 07 BETARE OYA Diesel 3 500 1991 08 OLAMZE Diesel 3 196 09 AMBAM Diesel 5 1728 1976 10 BENGBIS Diesel 2 184 1998 11 LOMIE Diesel 3 617 1991 12 DJOUM Diesel 3 934 1998 13 MEYOMESSALA Diesel 3 1358 14 BAMENDJIN Diesel 1 53 15 CAMPO Diesel 2 253 1998 16 MAPE Diesel 4 1100 1993 17 MOUANKO Diesel 3 480 1999 18 MUNDEMBA Diesel 3 445 19 NKONDJOCK Diesel 3 282 1997 20 YOKO Diesel 3 293 21 YOKADOUMA Diesel 3 984 1994 22 MOLOUNDOU Diesel 3 320 1983 23 KOUSSERI 1 Diesel 3 4400 1973 24 POLI Diesel 3 500 1980 25 TIGNERE Diesel 4 705 1982 26 MBAKAOU Diesel 2 160 1967 Total 84 37 982
1 The town of Kousséri has been connected to the North interconnected network ever since the commissioning of the 30 kV line between Waza and Kousséri in November 2011. 1
Table 1 shows that Cameroon has 26 thermal plants insulated by installed 84 generators and a capacity of 37.982 MW installed in February 2014.
Table 2: Thermal power plants connected in August 2014 Number of Installed Year of entry NO Plants Combustible generators capacity (MW) into service 01 LIMBE HFO 5 85 2004 02 LOGBABA LFO2 2 12 2007 03 BASSA 3 LFO 3 9 1979 04 OYOMABANG 1 HFO 3 18 2000 05 OYOMABANG 2 LFO 5 7.5 2002 06 BAFOUSSAM LFO 3 13 1986 TOTAL 23 144.5
The emergency thermal power plants built by the State of Cameroon (managed by EDC between 2011 and February 2014) and later reconveyed to ENEO-Cameroon, the licensee in February 2014 are shown in table 3 below.
Table 3: Emergency thermal plants
Number of Installed Year of entry NO Plants Combustible generators capacity (MW) into service 01 Mbalmayo LFO 9 10 2011 02 Ebolowa LFO 9 10 2011 03 Bamenda LFO 18 20 2011 04 Ahala3 LFO 72 60 2012 TOTAL 108 100
It must be pointed out that the plants listed in table 3 are also connected to the South interconnected network.
The total capacity installed in thermal plants of the Grid operated by the ENEO in October 2014 is 184.5 MW.
Table 4: Hydroelectric Power Plant
Number of Installed Year of entry NO Plants Observations generators capacity (MW) into service Has a daily modulation 01 Song-loulou 8 388 1981-88 basin 02 Edéa4 14 276.2 1950-55 Stream flow 03 Lagdo 4 72 1983-84 Headwaters reservoir Total 26 736.2
2 Plant constructed to operate HFO with, but following an incident in April 2012, the plant has been operating with LFO 3 The Ahala plant is being from the British company called Aggreko, by the Cameroonian government is currently following a process to own it. 4 The construction of a new spillway in 2010 and the renovation of the Edéa 3 plant helped increase the capacity of the plant to about 16MW. 2
The total installed capacity of electricity power plants exploited by ENEO-Cameroon in 2014 is estimated at 959.7 MW5, including 736.2 MW in hydroelectricity, 37.982 MW for insulated thermal plants and 184.5 MW for power stations connected to the SIN.
The distribution of installed capacities according to primary electricity sources is presented in figure 1.
Figure 1: Distribution of ENEO's production capacity
4.0%
19.2%
hydroélectrique thermique du Grid 76.8% thermique isolée
1.1.1.2 Other producers Apart from the licensee ENEO-Cameroon, Cameroon has two major independent producers, namely Kribi Power Development Company (KPDC) and Dibamba Power Development Company (DPDC). The peculiarity of these two producers reside in the fuel used for production of electricity. Table 5 below summarizes the installations of these producers.
Table 5: Independent production
Plant installation Number of Installed Year of entry Operators Combustible location generators capacity (MW) into service DPDC: Dibamba HFO 8 86 2009 KPDC Kribi Gas 13 216 2013 TOTAL 21 302
The total installed capacity of electricity production in Cameroon geared towards public use is 1329.08 MW, distributed according to figure 2 below.
5 This power does not include the installed capacity of the Ahala power plant (60MW). 3
Figure 2: Distribution of the production capacity i Cameroon by operator
4.5% 6%
16% 72.8% DPDC KPDC ENEO-Cameroun Centrale Ahala
The chart below indicates the percentage of primary sources of electricity production in Cameroon in the month of October 2014.
Figure 3: Breakdown of the production capacity in Cameroon by source
28.4%
Hydroélectricité 55.4% Thermique à gaz
Thermique à fuel (HFO & LFO) 16.3%
1.1.2 Production and sale of energy The energy produced and sold over the period 2002 to 2013 are grouped in table 6 below.
Figure 4: Energy produced from 2002 to 2013 (GWh) 6000 5442 4,983 4,955 5000 4,503 4,452 4,630 4147 4,257 3,920 4004 4000 3686 3299 3000
2000
1000
0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
4
According to the chart above (figure 5), there is an increase in energy produced over the period 2002-2013. This can be justified by new investments made in the sector. They include: for the licensee: the acquisition of new generators for the isolated plants, the commissioning of the Limbe thermal power plants in 2004, and that of Logbaba in 2009. for other producers: commissioning of the PTU plants in 2011, that of Dibamba (DPDC) in 2009 and the Kribi gas plant (KPDC) in 2013.
Table 6: Energy sold over the period 2002 to 2013
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Special 1118 1257 1393 1444 1439 1444 1498 1 303 1 330 1 246 1011 1 306 Sold customers6 energy Public 1394 1556 1703 1820 1935 1916 2014 2060 2252 2412 2544 2 604 (GWh) sector7
Total 2512 2813 3096 3264 3374 3360 3512 3363 3582 3658 3555 3910
From the data in table 6 above, figure 6 was elaborated for a better analysis of the said data.
Figure 5: Energy sold over the period 2002 to 2013 4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Energie vendue (GWh) Clients spéciaux[1] Energie vendue (GWh) Secteur public[2] Energie vendue (GWh) Total
Global sales volume increased between 2002 and 2013. There is a growth in energy sales to the public sector (MV and LV customers). This is explained by an effect size of 7 to 8% (demand growth) which is also characterized by the growing number of new connections made by the distribution licensee.
As concerns special customers, there has been a decrease of energy sold from 2009 to 2012. This is due to maintenance works that exceed planned deadlines, but most especially because the loads of Alucam had decreased to meet the energy needs of the public sector. The energy sold to Alucam represent about 89% of the annual sales made to special customers.
6 Special customers include: Alucam, Socatral, Cimencam Bonaberi, Cimencam Figuil, Cicam. 7 Public sector customers include both BT and MT customers. 5
Table 7 and figure 7 displayed below show the disparity between energy production and the sale of energy.
Table 7: Energy production / sale disparity
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Power produced 3299 3686 3 920 4004 4147 4 257 4 503 4 452 4 630 4 983 4 955 5442 (GWh) Sold energy (GWh) 2512 2813 3096 3264 3374 3360 3512 3363 3582 3658 3555 3910 Differential 24% 24% 21% 18% 19% 21% 22% 24% 23% 27% 28% 28%
Figure 6: Comparison between the production of power and sale of power. 6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Energie produite (GWh) Energie vendue (GWh)
The analysis of table 8 reveals a significant gap between energy produced and that sold to customers (an average of 23% over the period 2002-2013). This gap can be explained by high technical losses in the transmission and distribution networks due to low investments in this segment, and also by non-technical losses characterized by energy fraud and the dilapidated condition of transmission and distribution equipment. However, it should be noted that the consumption of plant auxiliaries is equally included in this interval.
1.1.3 Storage dams While waiting for the commissioning of the Lom Pangar storage dam which has an electricity production plant of 30 MW at face value, Cameroon currently has three storage dams with a total storage capacity of 7300 hm3 to regularize the Sanaga River. They include the Mbakaou, Bamendjin and Mape storage dams. They ensure the regulation of water flow on the Sanaga River during the low water period.
The main characteristics of these three storage dams on the Sanaga and their operating instructions are summarized in Table 8.
6
Table 8: Characteristics of the regulating dams on the Sanaga Storage dams Mapé Bamendjin Mbakaou
Commissioning date July 1988 July 1968 May 1974
River Mapé Noun Djérem Drainage basin size 3 760 km² 2 190 km² 20 200 km² Flow rates 97 m 3/s 53 m 3/s 355 m 3/s Reservoir size 530 km² 250 km² 348 km² Maximum water level: 715.5 1151 846 Hmax Average depth at Hmax 6.25m 7.5m 7.5m Maximum filling volume 3 313 hm3 1 875 hm3 2 600 hm3 Useful operating volume 3 113 hm3 1 675 hm3 2 500 hm3 Maximum instream flow 400 m 3/s 200 m 3/s 400 m 3/s release Minimum instream flow 25 m3 /s 15 m3 /s 25/50 m3 /s release Maximum side fill 715.5 m 1151 m 846 m Propagation time to 6 days 5 days 7 days Song-Loulou Distance to Song-Loulou 420 km 360 km 740 km Average turnover time 1.08 year 1.13 year 0.23 year Maximum flow rate that can be evacuated (at 1 000 m 3/s 300 m3 /s 900 m3 /s flood)
Figure 7: Mapé storage dam
During the months from January to December 2006 to 2012, the volume of water stored in Mape, Bamendjin and Mbakaou storage dams is represented in figures 9, 10, and 11 below.
7
Figure 8: Mapé storage dam filling volume (× 106 m3) 3500
3000 2006 2500 2007 2000 2008
1500 2009 2010 1000 2011 500 2012 0 JAN FEV MARS AVRIL MAI JUIN JUIL AOUT SEPT OCT NOV DEC
Figure 9: Bamendjin storage dam filling volume (× 106 m3) 2000 1800 1600 2006 1400 2007 1200 2008 1000 2009 800 2010 600 2011 400 200 2012 0 JAN FEV MARS AVRIL MAI JUIN JUIL AOUT SEPT OCT NOV DEC
Figure 10: Mbakaou storage dam filling volume (× 106 m3) 3000
2500 2006 2000 2007 2008 1500 2009
1000 2010 2011 500 2012
0 JAN FEV MARS AVR MAI JUIN JUIL AOUT OCT NOV DEC
During the period from December to June, Cameroon experienced a dry season which contributed to the decrease of the water level in the Sanaga River basin. This period is known in 8
Cameroon as low-flow period. During this period, the three water storage dams supply the Edea and Song Loulou hydroelectric plants installed on the Sanaga River basin. This explains the decrease of the water level in the storage dams in figures 9, 10 and 11 from January to June. The dams start being filled in the rainy season, especially from the months of July to November.
1.2 Transmission Cameroon currently has two main interconnected networks, the South Interconnected Network (SIN) which supplies electricity to the southern part of the country, specifically six regions (Centre, Littoral, South, South-West, West, North-West) and the Northern Interconnected Network (NIN) which supplies electricity to the northern part, that is the Adamawa, the Far-North and the North regions . In Cameroon, electricity transmission is done following three voltage levels: 225 kV only in the SIN; 110 kV in the NIN 90 kV in the the SIN and the NIN In 2013, the lengths of lines corresponding to the various levels of voltage above were quantified as presented in table 9 below: Table 9: Transmission line Estimated linear Type of line (Km) 225 KV line 720.79 110 KV line 356.67 90 KV line 1 159.81
1.2.1 North Interconnected Network The configuration of the NIN is represented in figure 12 below. Figure 11: Configuration of the NIN in 2013
Characteristics of the North Interconnected Network lines are summarized in table 10 below. 9
Table 10: Characteristics of NIN lines
Number Allowa Commis Capacity Maximum Section Voltage Length Lines Transit of Cable type sioning (MW) (mm2) ble (kV) (km) power (MW) pylons date Imax (A)
August- Lagdo - Ngaoundéré 79.2 77 228 728 875 110 237.825 ALMELEC 92 March- Lagdo - Garoua 1 60 34 150 138 386.36 110 49.817 ALU + ZINC 83 March- Lagdo - Garoua 2 60 34 150 137 386.36 110 49.985 ALU + ZINC 83
Garoua - Guide 64.8 63 228 275 715.91 90 101.871 ALMELEC Nov - 82 March- Guider - Maroua 64.8 63 228 269 715.91 90 99.33 ALMELEC 83
According to table 10 above, there has been no extension on the NIN ever since the construction of the 110 kV line which connects the Lagdo hydroelectric plant to the city of Ngaoundéré in 1992.
1.2.2 South Interconnected Network The configuration of the SIN in 2013 is presented in figure 13 below.
Figure 12: Configuration of the SIN in 2013
Characteristics of the South Interconnected Network lines are summarized in table 11 below.
10
Table 11: Characteristics of SIN lines PYLON Order Commissioning Region TRANSMISSION LINES TYPE Length (Km) SECTION (mm²) NATURE No. o To date Of N No
1 SONGLOULOU - MANGOMBE No 1 line 225 KV Aerial 1 147 61.55 3 X 366 ALMELEC 12/12/1980 2 SONGLOULOU - MANGOMBE No 2 line 225 KV Aerial 1 150 61.61 3 X 366 ALMELEC 12/12/1980 3 KRIBI - MANGOMBE line 225 KV Aerial 1 280 98.55
4 SONGLOULOU - LOGBABA line 225 KV Aerial 1 236 96.49 3 X 366 ALMELEC 19/08/1986 5 SONGLOULOU - LOGBABA line 225 KV Aerial 1 161 64.35 3 X 366 ALMELEC 15/10/1980 6 MANGOMBE - EDEA No. 1 line 90 KV Aerial 1 9 2.927 3 X 366 ALMELEC 07/06/1953 7 MANGOMBE - EDEA No. 2 line 90 KV Aerial 1 9 2.551 3 X 366 ALMELEC 21/07/1974 8 SONGLOULOU - LOGBABA line 90 KV Aerial 1 16 4.873 3 X 366 ALMELEC 11/10/1980 9 EDEA III - ALUCAM Line 90 KV Aerial 1 5 0.677 3 X 366 ALMELEC
10 EDEA III - ALUCAM Line 90 KV Aerial 1 274 111.7 3 X 232 ACSR alu
11 MANGOMBE - EDEA No. 1 line 90 KV Aerial 13 254 70.54 3 X (173 + 228) Alu 07/06/1953 LITORAL Aerial 33 181 57.40 3 X 366 ALMELEC 21/07/1974 12 SONGLOULOU - LOGBABA line 90 KV Aerial 1 11 2.192
Aerial 1 11 2.192
13 DIBAMBA - Charles BAKOKO Line 90 KV Aerial 32 33 0.466 3 X 366 ALMELEC 21/07/1974 Aerial 1 12 1.718 3 X 366 ALMELEC
Aerial 13 32 6.806 14 Charles BAKOKO - LOGBABA 2 line 90 KV Aerial 1 12 1.718 3 X 366 ALMELEC 21/07/1974 Aerial and 15 LOGBABA - Kumassi Line 90 KV 1 47 8.776 3 X (366 + 800) Almel + Alu 16/12/1983 underground 16 LOGBABA - BASSA No. 1 line 90 KV Underground 1 16 3.749 3 X (173 + 228) Alu 07/06/1953 17 LOGBABA - BASSA No. 2 line 90 KV Underground 1 12 2.790 3 X 366 ALMELEC 21/07/1974
11
18 BASSA - DEIDO line 90 KV Underground 5.347 3 X 228 ALMELEC 11/09/1969
19 BASSA - MAKEPE line 90 KV Aerial 1 22 5.625 3 X 366 ALMELEC
20 DEIDO - BONABÉRI line 90 KV Aerial 1 13 3.108 3 X 366 ALMELEC 17/08/1976 21 BONABERI - BEKOKO line 90 KV Aerial 1 64 18.84 3 X 366 ALMELEC 17/08/1976 22 BONABERI - CIMENCAM line 90 KV Underground 0.350 3 X 240 Alu 00/09/1982
1 MANGOMBE - OYOMABANG line 225 KV Aerial 1 414 176.4 3 X 366 ALU - Aster 25/05/1979 2 EDEA III - NDJOCK NKONG line 90 KV Aerial 1 225 83.39 3 X 228 ALU - Aster 19/07/1968 3 OYOMABANG - NJOCK NKONG line 90 KV Aerial 225 474 86.85 3 X 228 ALU - steel 19/07/1968 4 OYOMABANG - BRGM No. 1 line 90 KV Aerial 1 12 4.043 3 X 228 ALU - steel 19/07/1968 5 OYOMABANG - BRGM No. 2 line 90 KV Aerial 1 12 3.947 3 X 366 ALMELEC 25/02/1979
Centre 6 OYOMABANG - NGOUSSO line 90 KV Aerial 1 67 24.47 3 X 366 ALU - Aster 27/11/1987 South 7 NGOUSSO - KONDENGUI line 90 KV Aerial 1 45 11.94 3 X 366 ALU - Aster
Aerial 1 66 15.25 3 X 370 AASC - Alu 05/09/1986 8 OYOMABANG - AHALA 2 line 90 KV Aerial 1 11 6.202 3 X 228 Alu
Aerial 1 11 6.202 3 X 228 Alu
9 AHALA 2 - NSIMALEN - MBALMAYO line 90 KV Aerial 66 162 30.59 3 X 370 AASC - Alu 05/09/1986 Aerial 1 14 3.964 3 X 228 Alu
1 LOGBABA - BEKOKO line 225 KV Aerial 1 99 43.36 3 X 570 ALMELEC 22/01/1983 2 BEKOKO - NKONGSAMBA line 225KV Aerial 1 290 118.5 3 X 366 Alu 22/12/2011
WEST 3 BEKOKO - NKONGSAMBA line 90 KV Aerial 1 327 119.1 3 X 228 ALMELEC 07/09/1976 NORTHWEST 4 BEKOKO - LIMBE line 90 KV Aerial 1 160 50.54 3 X 228 ALMELEC 14/05/1977 SOUTHWEST 5 LIMBE - SONARA line 90 KV Aerial 1 41 12.20 3 X 366 ALMELEC
6 NKONGSAMBA - BAFOUSSAM Line 90 KV Aerial 1 250 97.59 3 X 228 ALMELEC 22/04/1977 7 BAFOUSSAM - BAMENDA Line 90 KV Aerial 1 184 73.39 3 X 366 ALMELEC 24/11/1989
12
The 225 kV and 90 KV lines of the SIN have been subject to several extensions as indicated in table 12 below.
Table 12: Line extension in the SIN
Length in 2000 Length in 2013 Line type Evolution (Km) (km) (Km) 225 kV line 480 720.79 +240.79 90 kV line 1 064 1 159.81 +95.81
1.3 Distribution network The low and medium voltage network provides power for homes and businesses. The main characteristics of Cameroon's distribution network are:
Network MT Voltage (kV) Section (mm2) Materials 148 30 93 Almalec 15 54 Copper (grounding) 10 34
BT network Voltage (V) Section (mm2) Materials 3240 (souterrain) + N (92mm2) 370 + N (92mm2) Aluminum 380 3 50 + N Steel (neutral) 220 334
425 (twisted) 416 (twisted)
The allowable tolerance limit in Cameroon is 10% for voltage and 5% for frequency fixed throughout the country at 50Hz.
In 2010, the total length of MV and LV lines were 12 844 km and 13 845 km and 10 392 km (MV) and 10 116 km (LV) respectively in 2000.
Extensions within the distribution network allowed the dismantling of several isolated plants, including the connection of the NIN to the isolated network of Kousséri. These include the Bakebe, Ekok, Ekondo-Titi, Eyoumodjock and the Endom plants.
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1.4 Performance indicators 1.4.1 In the production segment Figure 14 below represents performance indicators of the 2004-2013 period.
Figure 13: changes in the availability rate of plants
100 91.37 91.12 87.85 88.5 90 84.86 84.99 86.08 86.16 78 79.7 80 76 79.2 79.78 75.13 71.96 72.06 68.31 70.63 70 63.55 59.72 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Taux de disponibilité production hydraulique (%) Taux de disponibilité production thermique (%)
The availability of hydroelectric plants increased from 2004 to 2011. This is due to the renovation of the Edéa I and III generators and the construction of a new spillway in replacement of mobile fusegates. However in 2012, the availability rate of water slightly decreased due to:
programmes for the replacement of the control mechanisms of generators and auxiliaries of Song - Loulou (SLL). unreliability and power limitation of the Edea II generators
As concerns the availability rate of thermal production, a decrease was noticed since 2006. This is because of the lack of preventative maintenance on the generators. The availability rate of generators and demand coverage in isolated thermal plants in February 2014 were respectively 71% and 105% (see charts below). Nothwithstanding these high rates, several isolated plants do load-shedding, especially at peak hours (6 to 9 PM).
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Figure 14: availability rate of generators and demand coverage rate in isolated thermal plants 160% 140% 120% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0%
Taux de couverture de la demande Taux de disponibilité des groupes
250% 200% 150% 100% 50% 0%
Taux de couverture de la demande Taux de disponibilité des groupes
1.4.2 The transportation segment Changes of performance indicators in the transportation segment are presented in table 13 below.
Table 13: Performance indicators in the transport segment
Indicator 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Transmission loss (%) 5.57 6.14 6.55 6.58 6.82 6.28 6.09 6.03
Non-distributed energy in transmission (%) 2.95 1.15 0.25 0.19 0.15 0.36 0.37 0.73 1.31 1.74
The chart below shows the evolution of transport performance.
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Figure 15: Evolution of transport performance 95.5 94.88 95 94.43 94.5 94 93.97 94 93.46 93.45 93.42 93.51 93.4 93.5 92.91 93 92.5 92 91.5 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Transport performance increased significantly between 2004 and 2005, then a decreased from 2006 to 2012. This shows a reduction of AES SONEL's investment in this segment. However, there is a slight increase in 2013.
The diagram below represents the evolution of losses in the transmission network and non-distributed energy.
Figure 16: evolution of losses in the transmission network and non-distributed energy
8
6
4
2
0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Perte de transport (%) Energie non distribuée en transport (%)
There is a considerable decrease of the rate of non-distributed energy in 2007-2008 due to the fact that at the time, AES SONEL failed to take into account interruptions below 24 hours duration. It later on increased until 2013. The noticed increase in non-distributed energy can be justified by the lack of investment in this sector, or the dilapidated state of the transport network equipment. The rate of loss recorded in 2012 remains substantially higher than that recorded in 2006.
The situation of the transmission network remains a cause for concern (see table 14 below). Overload of stations and transport lines continues to be a major problem. In 2011, 29% of stations had a load greater than the maximum safe working load.
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The findings of the mission carried out by ARSEL in February 2014 on the NIN and the results of the IFPE Firm in 2014 on the SIN made it possible identify the load level of the lines and transformers in both networks.
Table 14: Load road of lines maximum Peak load in 2013 Load rate in Transmission REGION Lines load (MW) 2013 loss Song loulou - Logbaba 234 224 95.9% 2.35% Edea 3 - Njock Nkong 77 59 76.3% 3.71% Mangombe - Oyomabang 234 201 86.1% 4.69% Edea 3 - Njock Nkong 77 59 76.3% 3.71% Oyomabang - BRGM N°2 77 25 32.6% 6.61% Oyomabang - Ngousso 94 112 119.2% 2.91% Mangombe - Logbaba 234 226 96.7% 1.85% Song Loulou - Logbaba 234 224 95.9% 2.35% Mangombe - Logbaba N°1 56 68 121.9% 13.23% SIN Mangombe - Dibamba 94 67 71.4% 3.68% Dibamba - Ngodi Bakoko 94 119 127.3% 0.12% Ngodi Bakoko - Logbaba 94 106 113.1% 0.35% Logbaba - Bassa N°1 77 100 129.5% 0.13% Logbaba - Bassa N°2 77 102 131.8% 10.62% Bassa - Deido 77 83 106.9% 13.27% Deido - Bonabéri 77 68 88.1% 3.45% Logbaba - Kumasi 94 79 84.0% 1.26% Nkongsamba - Bafoussam 77 78 101.1% 7.94%
The two lines of Mangombe - Oyomabang and Édéa - Njock Nkong - Oyomabang are respectively overloaded at 86.1% and 76.3% of their load limit with distribution losses of about 4.69% and 3.71%. Although the Kribi power plant (with its 216 MW) has been operational since 2013, it hasn't contributed to the capacity of the Centre and South regions in 2015 and 2016, due to the lack of an evacuation line.
The 90 kV line of Oyomabang - Ngousso and 225 kV lines of Mangombe - Logbaba No 1, Dibamba - Ngodi Bakoko and Ngodi Bakoko - Logbaba are loaded at more than 100% of their capacity. There is also a concern regarding the loss rates on lines of Oyomabang - BRGM No. 2 and Mangombe - Logbaba No. 1. Table 15 below shows that the transformers of the SIN and NIN stations are operated at over 100% of their operation capacity.
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Table 15: Transformers charging rate TRANSFORMERS Installed Network Primary Secondary Point 2013 POSTS power Charge rate voltage [kV] voltage [kV] (MW) MVA MW Oyomabang T1 225 93 105 89 107 120% Oyomabang T2 225 93 105 89 106 119% Ahala AT1 90 16.5 50 43 58 137% BRGM T1 90 16.5 36 31 32 104% BRGM T2 90 16.5 36 31 37 121% Ngousso T1 90 33.0 20 17 18 103% Ngousso T2 90 16.5 36 31 31 101% Ngousso T3 90 16.5 36 31 31 101% KODENGUI 90 16.5 36 31 44 145% Mbalmayo 90 33.0 20 17 17 102% NJOCK NKONG T1 90 16.5 20 17 9 55% NSIMALEN 90 33.0 10 9 8 93% MANGOMBE T1 225 93 105 89 45 51% MANGOMBE T1 225 93 105 89 110 123% LOGBABA T1 225 93 105 89 107 120% SIN BEKOKO T1 225 93 105 89 135 152% NGODI BAKOKO 90 16.5 50 43 58 136% BONABERI 90 16.5 36 31 43 140% BASSA T1 90 16.5 50 43 47 110% BASSA T2 90 16.5 50 43 46 107% BASSA T3 90 16.5 20 17 20 118% DEIDO T1 90 16.5 20 17 18 106% DEIDO T2 90 16.5 20 17 19 111% KOUMASSI T1 90 16.5 50 43 41 96% KOUMASSI T2 90 16.5 50 43 43 101% MAKEPE 90 16.5 36 31 38 124% BAFOUSSAM 30 90 33.0 36 31 36 116% BAFOUSSAM 15 90 16.5 20 17 15 86% BAMENDA 90 16.5 36 31 28 91% LIMBE 90 16.5 36 31 34 113% NKONGSAMBA 90 33.0 20 17 22 127% Ngaoundéré 110 15 20 16 11.11 69% Garoua T1 110 15 20 16 19.58 123% NIN Garoua T2 110 15 20 16 19.2 124% Guider T1 90 15 20 16 19.8 120% Guider T2 90 15 20 16 18.7 117%
The information in Tables 15 and 16 show necessity for investment in the electricity transmission segment in Cameroon.
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1.4.3 Distribution segment The evolution of performance indicators in the distribution segment is presented in table 16 and figures 18, 19 and 20 below.
Table 16: Performance indicators in the distribution segment
Indicator 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Distribution Loss (%) 20.35 26.17 29.47 29.13 29.16 30.30 29.76 Non-distributed 0.82 0.75 0.57 0.55 0.52 0.53 0.65 0.65 1.33 0.95 energy (%)
Figure 17: Evolution of distribution performance (%) 80 77.6 78 75.58 76 73.01 74.24 73.83 74 70.84 70.84 72 70.53 69.7 70.24 70 68 66 64 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Figure 19 above indicates an increase in the distribution performance from 2004 to 2006. But from 2007 to 2013, the distribution performance recorded a considerable decrease from 74.24% to70.24%. This is reflected by huge technical and non-technical losses, and also by the depreciation and overload of distribution equipment. The results of the survey conducted by ARSEL in 2012 on 10 000 AES SONEL subscribers revealed that 3% of the subscribers tap energy out of the metering system.
35 1.4 30.3 29.47 29.13 29.16 29.76 30 1.2 26.17 25 1 20.35 20 0.8 0.6 15 0.4 10 0.2 5 0 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Figure 18: Distribution Loss (%) Figure 19: Non-distributed energy in transmission (%) 19
Losses in the distribution network are steady between 2009 and 2011. In 2012, distribution losses increased before declining slightly in 2013.
Non-distributed energy on its part recorded a slight decrease between 2004 and 2009 but stayed above the rates allowable by the contractual clauses, that is 0.5% of energy sold in a year. Since 2010 and 2013, there has been a significant increase in the rate of unsupplied energy in the distribution network, thereby contributing to the degradation of the service quality.
These non-distributed energy rates are due to load-shedding, planned works, to incidents, etc. It should also be noted that inadequate pruning and cleaning of electricity transmission paths are major causes of interruptions in the distribution network.
1.4.4 Electricity subscribers The evolution of the numbers of subscribers is represented in table 17 below.
Table 17: Number of Subscribers Followers 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
BT 506621 526788 536974 570787 613785 659687 710965 755930 782334 887302
MT 1214 1258 1280 1312 1347 1368 1412 1424 1479 1539 VAT excl. 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 TOTAL 507838 528049 538257 572102 615135 661058 712380 757357 783816 888844
Figure 20: Evolution of the number of subscribers between 2004 and 2013
900000 800000 700000 600000 Abonnés BT 500000 Abonnés MT 400000 Abonnés HT 300000 TOTAL 200000 100000 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
From the data presented in table 19 and in figure 22 above, a considerable increase in LV subscribers is noticeable. They represent 99.79% of the total number of subscribers. The number of MV customers went from 1214 in 2004 to 1539 in 2013, representing an increase of 325 MV customers in 9 years. On their part, HV clients remained constant during these 9 years, including Alucam, Socatral, Distribitors Bonabéri.
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1.4.5 Coverage rate in Cameroon Table 18 presents an overview of the number of Divisions, Sub-divisions or Municipalities, Cities and Localities in each region that were electrified in 2013. It equally shows an estimate of the coverage rate by Region.
Table 18: Electrified localities all over Cameroon
Number of Number Number of Many Number of electrified Estimate of the locality Sub- localities coverage rate O of localities localities N Region divisions dIVISION in urban in rural of Urban Rural S areas areas Total Rural % Urban % Councils areas areas
1 ADAMAWA 5 21 21 1195 10 45 55 3.8 47.6 2 CENTER 10 70 70 6601 62 1445 1507 21.9 88.6 3 East 4 33 33 1948 19 127 146 6.5 57.6 4 FAR NORTH 6 47 47 7136 40 169 209 2.4 85.1 5 LITTORAL 4 35 35 1293 32 265 297 20.5 91.4 6 NORTH 4 21 21 3390 17 110 127 3.2 81 7 FAR NORTH 7 34 34 2642 26 585 611 22.1 76.5 8 WEST 8 40 40 2788 40 720 760 25.8 100 9 SOUTH 4 29 29 2963 27 1169 1196 39.6 93.1 10 SOUTH WEST 6 31 31 1177 26 186 212 15.8 83.9 TOTAL 58 361 361 31133 299 4821 5120 15.5 82.8 CAMEROON
By referring to table 18, Cameroon registered a coverage rate of 15.5% in rural areas and 82.8% in urban areas in 2013, as presented in figures 22 and 23 below.
Figure 21: Coverage rate of localities in urban areas in 2013 (%)
15.8 3.8 21.9 6.5 39.6 2.4
20.5
3.2
25.8 22.1
ADAMAOUA CENTRE EST EXTREME - NORD LITTORAL NORD NORD - OUEST OUEST SUD SUD - OUEST
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Figure 22: Coverage rate of localities in urban areas in 2013 (%)
83.9 47.6 88.6 93.1 57.6
100 85.1
76.5 91.4 81
ADAMAOUA CENTRE EST EXTREME - NORD LITTORAL
NORD NORD - OUEST OUEST SUD SUD - OUEST
1.4.6 Evolution of electricity tariffs The regulated tariff system in Cameroon applies to customers connected to the two voltage distribution levels (MV and LV) according to their energy consumption. As concerns HV customers, between 2002 and 2014, Cameroon experienced four changes in electricity tariffs, reflected by the following decisions of ARSEL:
decision No. 0017/DG/ARSEL of 25 January 2002 setting the tax-free electricity sale tariffs applicable by AES SONEL; decision No. 0057/DG/ARSEL of 21 October 2003 setting the tax-free electricity sale tariffs applicable by AES SONEL; decision No. 0041/DG/ARSEL of 10 April 2008 setting the tax-free electricity sale tariffs applicable by AES SONEL; decision No. 0096/DG/ARSEL/DCEC/TCB of 28 May 2012, setting the tax-free electricity sale tariffs applicable by AES SONEL.
Tables 19 and 20 show the tariffs applied in Cameroon from 2002 to 2014.
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Table 19: Tariffs applied to public lighting and LV customers from 2002 to 2014 Rate (F CFA / kWh)
Consumption kWh 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 200 8 01/07 01/01 01/07 01/01 01/07 01/01 01/07 01/01 01/07 01/01 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2 to to to to to to to to to to 31/12 30/06 31/12 30/06 31/12 30/06 31/12 30/06 31/12 30/06 Public C 33.6 40 46.5 40 46.5 40 46.5 40 46.5 40 46.5 55 55 55 55 66 66 66 lighting
0 ≤ C ≤ 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 51 ≤ C ≤ 110 60 67 60 67 60 67 60 67 60 67 111 ≤ C ≤ 200 Domestic 70 70 70 70 79 79 79 usage 201 ≤ C ≤ 400 60 401 ≤ C ≤ 800 65 75 65 75 65 75 65 75 65 75 80 80 80 80 94 94 94 800 ≤ C 85 85 85 85 99 99 99 fixed 0 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 premium 0 ≤ C ≤ 50 50 75 75 75 75 84 84 84 51 ≤ C ≤ 110 63 68 63 68 63 68 63 68 63 68 Other 111 ≤ C ≤ 180 usage 80 80 80 80 92 92 92 180 ≤ C ≤ 400
401 ≤ C ≤ 800 60 55 60 55 60 55 60 55 60 55 60 85 85 85 85 800 ≤ C ≤ 1000 99 99 99 1000 ≤ C 92 92 92 92
8 In 2010, AES SONEL unilaterally increased electricity tariffs without prior permission from the regulator. In disagreement this increment, the State of Cameroon supported every bill through a compensation system until the publication of ARSEL's tariff decision in may 2012. 23
Table 20: Tariffs applied to MV customers (General Scheme) from 2002 to 2014 Rate (F CFA / kWh)
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Cons hour. Time 2002 01/07 01/01 01/07 01/01 01/07 01/01 01/07 01/01 01/07 01/01 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 to to to to to to to to to to 31/12 30/06 31/12 30/06 31/12 30/06 31/12 30/06 31/12 30/06
0 to 200 H 2500 2500 2500 2500 2500 fixed 201 to 400 9125 3500 3500 3500 3500 3700 3700 3700 premium H 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 ≥ 400H
11pm to 6 pm 43 53.75 43 53.8 43 53.8 43 53.8 43 53.75 52 52 52 52 70 70 70 0 to 200 H 40.5 6pm to 11pm 54 67.5 54 67.5 54 67.5 54 67.5 54 67.5 70 70 70 70 85 85 85
11pm to 6 pm 40 50 40 50 40 50 40 50 40 50 50 50 50 50 65 65 65 201 to 325H 37 6pm to 11pm 49 61.25 49 61.3 49 61.3 49 61.3 49 61.25 70 70 70 70 85 85 85
Proportio 326 to 400 11pm to 6 pm 40 50 40 50 40 50 40 50 40 50 50 50 50 50 65 65 65 33.5 nal rate H 6pm to 11pm 49 61.25 49 61.3 49 61.3 49 61.3 49 61.25 70 70 70 70 85 85 85
400 to 450 11pm to 6 pm 40 50 40 50 40 50 40 50 40 50 48 48 48 48 60 60 60 33.5 H 6pm to 11pm 49 61.25 49 61.3 49 61.3 49 61.3 49 61.25 70 70 70 70 85 85 85
Beyond 11pm to 6 pm 40 50 40 50 40 50 40 50 40 50 48 48 48 48 60 60 60 31.2 450H 6pm to 11pm 49 61.25 49 61.3 49 61.3 49 61.3 49 61.25 70 70 70 70 85 85 85
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In 2003, the LV tariffs applied for domestic use were different from those applied for professional use. A fixed charge of 2000 CFAF per power level subscribed for was set on customers in the professional categories. Following review of the concession contract in 2006, new measures were taken to remove the fixed charge and apply proportional monthly tariffs that are strictly related to consumption.
As concerns the tariff evolution of MV customers (in the general scheme) table 20 reveals a variation in the fixed charge and the proportional rate. The tariff decision of 2002 had set the fixed charge at of 9 125 CFAF/kW. In 2003, the new tariff decision reduced it and set it on a monthly basis. However, was conditioned according to time intervals ranging from 12 AM to 200 AM, then 2:00 AM to 4:00 AM. In 2008, reduced from an average of 4 200 CFA F to 3 500 CFA F according to time slots. In the Regulator's decision of 2012 which set tariffs, time slots were removed and the monthly charge per kW of power subscribed for was set at 3700 CFA F.
Conclusion
There are noticeable traits in activities carried out in the electricity sector in Cameroon from 2002 to 2014. They include: 1. the total installed capacity of electricity production plants in Cameroon is 1329.08 MW distributed in 55.4% of hydroelectricity, 28.4% of fuel-fired thermal and 16.3% of gas- fired thermal. 2. an increase in energy produced from 3 299 GWh in 2002 to 5 442 GWh in 2013 which is justified by new investments in the production segment. 3. increase in energy sales to the public sector (MV and LV customers) from a volume of 7 to 8% (changes in demand) and 1 394 GWh in 2002 to 2 604 GWh in 2013; 4. an average disparity of 23% from 2002-2013 between the energy produced and that sold to customers; This disparity can be explained by consumption of power plant auxiliaries; significant technical losses in transport and distribution networks due to low investments in this segment but also non-technical losses and the dilapidation of transport and distribution equipment; 5. an increase in the lengths of the 225 kV and 90 kV lines, 213 km and 41.8 km respectively; 6. extensions within the distribution network led to the dismantling of several isolated thermal plants, including the connection of the NIN to the isolated network of Kousséri; 7. from 2004 to 2011, the availability of hydroelectric plants increased due to the renovation of the Edéa II and III generators and the construction of a new spillway in replacement of mobile fusegates; 8. from 2006 the availability rate of thermal production dropped due to lack of preventive maintenance on the generators; 9. Notwithstanding the high availability rate of generators, several isolated plants do load- shedding especially at peak hours (18 to 21 hours); 10. the plight of the transmission network remains alarming because of the overload of stations and transmission lines which continues to be a major problem. In 2013, 29% of stations had a load greater than 100% at the tip; 25
11. the performance of distribution registered a significant decrease from 74.24% in 2007 to 70.24% in 2013; 12. non-distributed energy decreased slightly between 2004 and 2009 but mostly remained above the rate allowable by contractual clauses, that is 0.5% of energy sold in a year. Since 2010 and 2013, there has been a sharp increase in the rate of unsupplied energy in the distribution network which has contributed to the deterioration of the quality of service; 13. LV subscribers represent 99.79% of the 888 844 subscribers in Cameroon's public sector; 14. the electrification rate of localities in Cameroon is estimated at 17.03%. Government actions in the electricity sector such as the construction of new hydropower plants, the expansion of the Kribi gas plant, the construction of new electricity transmission lines will guarantee in years to come, energy stability in the areas covered by the national network. It is necessary for rural areas to promote decentralised renewable electricity production. This will help increase the coverage rate of rural areas in Cameroon and foster its economic development.
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