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CONNECT TO BETTER New Civil Engineer WHAT ARE OUR BIGGEST INFRASTRUCTURE CHALLENGES?

MARK HANSFORD EDITOR

hat is the single biggest challenge faced by infrastruc- to home, hosepipe bans declared in north west England, the impacts of ture clients today? And how can the civil engineering climate change are there for all to see. profession help overcome it? Redoubling our efforts to decarbonise our infrastructure must be a W Is it funding? That’s always a big one, and the big chal- high priority, which makes the publication of the long-awaited National lenges being faced by the big clients such as Transport Infrastructure Assessment from Sir John Armitt’s National Infrastruc- for London, as we report this month, suggest that is a major problem ture Commission that little bit more disappointing. Yes, it talks of a for us all. Part of the answer to that one could be affordability, and moratorium on new nuclear and a focus on renewables, but it has little bringing schemes in at a lower, more reliable cost. or nothing to say on tidal. And in the month that the government has But as we have also revealed online in the last month, the biggest finally pulled the plug on the Swansea Bay Tidal Lagoon project, it feels scheme of all – High Speed 2 (HS2) – is already struggling, with bids like a real opportunity has been missed. coming in substantially over budget. Crossrail, meanwhile, continues to edge close to the limits of its “funding envelope”. Now, from the rail the roads regulator we learn that Highways England’s first two funding The delivery of several periods are running £2.9bn over budget . Indeed, the delivery of several major government projects including major government projects HS2 are now “in doubt”, according to the government’s Infrastructure & Projects Authority. HS2, the Great Western route modernisation, the including HS2 are now ‘in doubt’, Lower Thames Crossing and East West Rail have all been given amber according to the government’s delivery confidence ratings, meaning that completion of these projects is in doubt unless “urgent action” is taken. Infrastructure & Projects Authority While industry change initiatives such as the ICE’s Project 13 are definitely a good thing, some real solutions are needed. “ Another big challenge is technology, and the rapid changes expected So what do we do? Well, we at New Civil Engineer want to take some to take place in the way we travel and use our infrastructure. Are we decisive action. So we have teamed up with Costain to create the NCE equipped to offer the right solutions there? Accelerator as a platform for firms to pitch their solution to the biggest This month we report on the conclusions of an ICE skills review that of these issues. The focal point of the Accelerator is a competition that downplays the need for engineers to buff up their technology knowl- will be run at our Festival of Innovation and Technology, TechFest, in edge in the near-term, with its members expressing more concern September. We are chiefly looking to provide a stage for the smaller about technical knowledge and skills. firms with big ideas, as they are the ones who often struggle to get their That could well be the right approach, but it does beg the question: voices heard. who is going to provide the technology-led answers that are sure to be But which question most needs answering? We’re not promising mir- needed? acles but we’re convening a steering group of clients later this month And then what about climate? As the UK basks in a glorious once-in-a to decide. Watch this space and get ready to help us help our clients to -generation summer it is easy to ignore the root cause of this prolonged solve one of these very real problems. weather. But, with more than 200 killed by floods in Japan and, closer l Mark Hansford is New Civil Engineer’s editor

AUGUST 2018 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 3 Contents NEW CIVIL ENGINEER AUGUST 2018 MAGAZINE OF THE INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS

03 Comment, 33 World View Report: Analysis & News Hot Hubs

06 Lighthouse: Thinking about inclusive infrastructure

08 100-plus ideas submitted for Heathrow Expansion programme

12 Analysis: Infrastructure assessment

14 Analysis: Tidal lagoons

16 Special report: The story behind the She eld tree felling row

20 Your View: Water resilience, design competitions; steel and concrete dependence

18 The Interview

New interchanges for projects like Crossrail and High Speed 2 are at the centre of integrated transport investment that will drive growth in cities and regions in the UK and across the globe. This report examines some key examples

34 Overview: Linking High Speed 2 44 Some examples of successful with the centres of Birmingham interchange projects from around and Manchester the world are examined

38 London Underground is getting 18 James Price of Transport for ready to open new interchanges Wales on the Wales & Borders railway with Crossrail’s Elizabeth Line improvement plan

4 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER AUGUST 2018 New Civil Engineer Get news delivered daily Weekly Wrap and analysis delivered weekly with our newsletters. Sign-up at newcivilengineer.com

22 Business 28 Engineering EDITORIAL TEAM Culture Equality EDITORIAL ENQUIRIES Email: [email protected]

Editor Mark Hansford (020) 3953 2821 mark.hansford

Deputy Editor Alexandra Wynne (020) 3953 2822 alexandra.wynne

Contributing Editor Jackie Whitelaw [email protected]

Associate Editor Emily Ashwell (020) 3953 2094 emily.ashwell

22 New CPD rules will make engineers 28 The recent New Civil Engineer News Editor Rob Horgan more accountable for their training Recognising Women in Civil (020) 3953 2087 rob.horgan Engineering event highlighted 24 SME Profi le: Dr Sauer inspirational women engineers Technical Reporter Katherine Smale (020) 3953 2044 katherine.smale

48 Tech 52 Tech Insight Reporter Fiona McIntyre Excellence Excellence (020) 3953 2870 fi ona.mcintyre

News Reporter Jess Clark (020) 3953 2876 jess.clark

Chief Sub Editor Andy Bolton (020) 3953 2823 | andy.bolton

Designer James McCarthy [email protected]

Graphic Artist Anthea Carter [email protected]

Technical Editor Emeritus Dave Parker 48 Exacting designs and a two year 52 New internet technology is dave.parker warranty challenged engineers connecting sites and improving their CUSTOMER SERVICES building Muscat’s new airport ability to use smart technology [email protected]

AUGUST 2018 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 5 Lighthouse ICE VIEWPOINT Thinking about an inclusive infrastructure future

aterloo Station, an Helen Pankhurst, grand-daughter of icon of Victorian the suffragette Emmeline Pankhurst, We should design and a as part of the ICE Thinks Inclusive always look W stalwart of transport Cities work strand. She outlined the infrastructure in point that “feminist cities” should to recalibrate our London and the South East, reached be about making accessible public its 170th anniversary this month. infrastructure safer for women and thinking to meet The longevity and consistency of how we can overturn the notion of such a station illustrates powerfully BY ART WE women occupying a “hand-me-down present needs and the importance of transport MASTER world”. “anticipate those of interchanges. WHAT WOULD It benefits everyone that modern It also shows the long-standing MASTER US infrastructure design – be the future and life-changing impact that the it interchanges or any other project individual engineers who worked on that you may be working on – is fit the station have had for millions of for all users as well as fit for people. the future. The work currently being The challenge for built feminist outlook. undertaken to increase capacity environment professionals is to Women make up half of the at Britain’s busiest station will ensure greater female representation population and 70% of people aged allow the work of a new generation throughout the sector – whether between 16 and 64 are in work. An of engineers to make their mark. this means ensuring more women infrastructure network which does With passenger numbers having are consulted on projects, or not work for women, and meet their increased 100% in the past 20 directly trained and employed in needs, only suppresses productivity, years, there is no doubt that engineering – so that the needs of social equality and efforts to end millions of people will benefit from women are properly considered and gender pay inequality. the innovation and skill of civil addressed. This is not to denigrate the engineers for generations to come. Through this kind of broad and masterful projects that have However, in 1848, the city and the inclusive representation, we can come before us. The ICE has been culture were significantly different. ensure the projects that we are celebrating such projects for the The ICE had only existed for 30 engaged in now will remain useful, past six months through its People years, and women were still 70 years relevant and responsive to the and Projects work and recognising away from partial enfranchisement. infrastructure users of the future. how they have served the people for While it is important to As we see early adopters taking whom they were built. understand the value of previous on the principles of Project 13 for We should, however, always look design and understand the impact some of the major infrastructure to recalibrate our thinking to meet it has had, we must also accept that projects in the UK, there is a present needs and anticipate those there are additional considerations perfect opportunity to start to of the future. By doing so, we can that come with designing and embed outcome-based thinking and ensure that our legacy is as long- building modern infrastructure for a inclusivity in the way we conceive lasting and important as Waterloo modern world. and deliver projects. Station. In July, the All Party Parliamentary More prosaically, there is also an l Send comments on the Group for Infrastructure heard from economic imperative to embracing a Lighthouse to [email protected]

6 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | AUGUST 2018 NO GREEN WITHOUT BLUE

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Pre-register to reserve your copy of our Design Guide at: polypipe.com/greeninfrastructure MORE NEWS STRUCTURES DECK OVER More WATERLOO SAYS The Edit coverage NETWORK RAIL BOSS ESSENTIAL NEWS & INFORMATION online at FROM NEWCIVILENGINEER.COM newcivil London’s Waterloo Station should be engineer.com decked over to solve its capacity problem, a Network Rail boss has said. Network Rail stations director Norrie Courts said the current £800M expansion programme would only solve its capacity problems for 15 to 20 years. Courts said the solution to increase capacity in the short term was to bring the five mothballed platforms in the Waterloo International terminal back into use. But in the long term he said he wanted to see a massive deck built over the station to increase development opportunities, and the station below “cleaned out”. He added: “Do a London Bridge type scheme and clear out all the arches and create an at grade concourse so you can walk all the way through to the Thames to the north through to Lower Marsh on the south east side.”

More than 100 expansion TRANSPORT KEY STATS RACE IS ON FOR ideas are submitted to LONDON CITY £14bn AIRPORT EXPANSION Heathrow Airport bosses Value of CONTRACTS Heathrow London City Airport is seeking Airport contractors for piling, substructure TRANSPORT opportunity to pitch their ideas to and concrete works as part of its More than 100 firms and individuals airport bosses later this year. HAL’s expansion £480M development programme. have told Heathrow bosses how expansion masterplan will be published programme Between four and six successful expansion could be delivered for a public consultation early next year. bidders will deliver design and build following the airport’s call for ideas. In Heathrow expansion programme services for the western energy April, Heathrow Airport Ltd (HAL) director Phil Wilbraham said ideas had centre, main terminal and terminal opened up the £14bn expansion come from property developers, extensions. Bam Nuttall is already process, launching a call for fresh architects and software firms. building an £85M, 75,000m² concrete ideas about how to keep expansion deck extension as part of the £480M costs down, improve building designs, capacity boost. The airport’s revamp and increase capacity sustainably. will involve the construction of seven Successful applicants will become new aircraft stands, a parallel taxiway, innovation partners with HAL as it Five London a 40,000m² terminal extension, and the looks to build the third runway by UK’s first digital air traffic control 2026. Heathrow expansion was boroughs tower, which will be in use by 2019. approved by Parliament last month, Prequalification documents show although five London boroughs and and City Hall have contractors will install 300mm to City Hall have mounted a legal 600mm diameter piles on land with challenge against the scheme. After mounted a legal several 1,200mm diameter steel- receiving more than 100 expressions challenge against the sleeved, piles in water. The of interest, HAL will assess ideas substructure includes ground beams before applicants have the “ and concrete deck reconstruction. scheme

8 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | AUGUST 2018 STRUCTURES TINTAGEL BRIDGE ROW

Final plans for the Tintagel Castle footbridge show that the bridge is a single span with pinned movement joint, not two separate bridges as claimed. The plans describe “two 30m cantilevers reaching out and almost touching in the middle”. They claim “the new crossing is not a single bridge but two independent bridges ... almost touching in the middle”. The final plans say that “a pair of 40mm diameter pins between each half ensure that the bridge halves are aligned vertically and laterally”.

TRANSPORT TRANSPORT TRANSPORT HIGHWAYS ENGLAND BRISTOL AIRPORT KEY STATS AECOM WANTS £2.9BN OVER BUDGET PLANS FOR £2.5BN WORK ON SCOTTISH IN FIRST-EVER MASS TRANSIT £2.5bn SPACEPORT FUNDING PERIODS RAIL SYSTEM Value of PROGRAMME Highways England’s first two funding Bristol Airport is planning for Bristol’s Aecom has put itself in the running for periods, RIS1 and RIS2, are currently construction of a £2.5bn mass transit work on the first UK spaceport, which running £2.9bn over budget. The system as part of a drive to improve proposed is expected to start launching roads watchdog has warned that a surface access transport links mass transit satellites off the north coast of number of schemes are now at risk of between the airport and the city Scotland in the early 2020s. The being delayed, due to overspend. centre. Bristol Airport planning and rail system consultant said it would develop its According to the Office for Rail & sustainability director Simon Earles UK capability and re-skill resources Road, Highways England’s forecast said Bristol must improve its public from the Dounrey Nuclear plant to total costs for its RIS1 major schemes transport if it is going to expand. The make sure a trained workforce is is now £2.9bn higher in Road Period 1 airport wants to double its annual ready to support the space launch and Road Period 2 than the original passenger numbers by 2040 and is industry. It has appointed Aecom estimate of £14.76bn. The increase is preparing a plan to set out how it will Aerospace Enterprise Services vice due to underestimated costs for major accommodate that growth. A joint president Doug Johnson to take the schemes at the beginning of RIS1, and transport plan is being developed by lead on the Sutherland port. The UK more work being added to existing Bristol local authorities and once that Space Agency has pledged £23.5M to project scopes. Last year a number of is in place, the Treasury will be United States aerospace firm schemes were either cancelled, approached with a funding request for Lockheed Martin to establish vertical paused or pushed back into RIS2, local transport improvements. These launch operations at Sutherland in which has increased pressure on could include a mass transit rail Scotland. The government said it is Highway’s England’s budget for the system with underground sections. the first step towards a Space Sector next funding period. Out of 112 Bristol mayor Marvin Rees publicly Deal and the development of a national planned projects at the beginning of backed the plans last December. The space programme. Spaceports are also RIS1, 85 are now expected to have plans would include three lines through planned for Cornwall, Glasgow and started by March 2020. the city and one out to the airport. Snowdonia.

AUGUST 2018 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 9 The Edit

TRANSPORT TRANSPORT BUSINESS SCRAPPED MAJOR CIVILS AND KEY STATS EU REJECTS AUSTRIAN ELECTRIFICATION ELECTRIFICATION CHALLENGE TO WORK TO DERAIL WORK FOR TRANS- £3bn HINKLEY POINT C SOUTH WALES METRO PENNINE UPGRADE Value of FUNDING trans- Plans for the South Wales Metro Major civil engineering and Austria’s bid to block state funding network could be jeopardised by the electrifi cation works will be up for Pennine rail for Hinkley Point C has failed government’s decision to axe a key grabs on the £3bn Trans-Pennine rail upgrade at the European Union’s (EU’s) electrifi cation project, according to upgrade, transport secretary Chris second-highest court. The Austrian Transport for Wales chief executive Grayling has told the Railway Industry government said it would appeal James Price. He told New Civil Engineer Association (RIA). It will account for against the “regrettable decision” . that the Department for Transport’s one third of spending on The General Court rejected its claim, decision to cancel the upgrade between enhancements in Control Period 6. backed by Luxembourg, that the Swansea and Cardiff would make it Grayling wrote: “Unlike some other £19bn power plant should not receive more diffi cult to link Ebbw Vale and investment projects, the Trans-pennine UK state aid. In 2015 the Austrian Maesteg on the South Wales Metro. The upgrade will be a rolling programme of government launched the legal line is to run through Cardiff Central enhancements, including major civil challenge on the grounds that the UK station and Bridgend along the stretch engineering projects and government should not subsidise a of the Great Western Mainline that was electrifi cation.” RIA chief executive nuclear plant, as it goes against the set to be electrifi ed before the project Darren Chaplain said the confi rmation EU’s push for renewable power. But transport secretary Chris Grayling will give suppliers certainty about the the General Court has ruled that the scrapped the project last year. He said: scheme. Network Rail is working on European Commission was right to “We will deliver what politicians ask us proposals with the Department for allow state aid for the scheme. Austria to deliver, but Welsh ministers and Transport and Transport for the is also taking legal action to prevent politicians are disappointed [about the North. A fi nal project plan is expected construction of new nuclear reactors decision].” later this year. at the Paks II nuclear plant in Hungary.

STRUCTURES RUSSIA STADIUM DAMAGED

A landslide has damaged one of Russia’s World Cup stadiums. Heavy rain also damaged roads created outside another stadium for the tournament. An earth embankment separating the 45,000-seat Volgograd Arena from the Volga River collapsed on the same day that France beat Croatia in the World Cup fi nal in Moscow. Meanwhile the Nizhny Novgorod stadium, near Moscow, was damaged when a road and a path collapsed.

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T: 0870 850 3358 E: [email protected] Groundforce Shorco W: www.vpgroundforce.com/shoring Major Projects Infrastructure Assessment Analysis KATHERINE SMALE First infrastructure assessment unveils renewables vision

ritain should only first-ever National Infrastructure build one more Assessment is to think beyond the nuclear power 50% technologies of today and to ensure B station after Hinkley Goal for the we can make the most of future Point C, says a report amount of innovations. from the National Infrastructure “It’s why it’s not just a one-off, Commission (NIC). energy from but something we will be repeating In its first National Infrastructure renewables by every five years to ensure we remain Assessment, the NIC cautioned on the front foot. against a rush to agree support for 2030 “This is not some unaffordable multiple new nuclear power stations wish list of projects: it sets a clear and proposed the government direction for how to meet the should only support Hinkley Point C country’s future infrastructure and one other nuclear power station needs, and makes a realistic before 2025. assessment of what can and should It said that in the longer term, be delivered within the stated aim of Britain has renewables and new technologies ministers for steady and continued “may prove cheaper” than new investment over the coming years,” a ‘golden nuclear plants as the cost of the said Armitt. technologies was “far more likely to “I therefore look forward to opportunity’ to switch fall, and at a faster rate”. the government’s response to The assessment said the new our report, and seeing how our to new, lower carbon approach would give flexibility to recommendations can become sources move towards newer low carbon reality.” energy sources in future, while at Alongside Hinkley Point C, other “ the same time, maintaining the UK’s nuclear power projects include one digital technology, waste, flood nuclear power supply chain and at Wylfa in Anglesey and another management, water supplies – and skills base. at Oldbury, Gloucestershire, which the energy network. The NIC said Britain has a could possibly be built in the late It also provides recommendations “golden opportunity” to switch to 2020s, as well as Bradwell B in Essex for delivering improvements to the low carbon and renewable sources and Sizewell C in Suffolk. Plans being country’s infrastructure network up without increasing bills. But it said developed by NuGen for a new to 2050. that ministers must act now to make nuclear power plant at Moorside in Other key recommendations the most of the opportunities. Cumbria are currently under review. include a call for the government It said the government should The new assessment is a key to devise a national broadband push to increase the amount of part of the NIC’s work to provide plan by Spring 2019 and deliver a energy from renewable sources, the government with independent national network of charging points rising from 30% to 50% by 2030. advice about how to meet the for electric vehicles. It has also This could be done by investing in country’s long-term infrastructure suggested that cities be given stable solar and wind technologies. needs. five year budgets, with spending NIC chairman Sir John Armitt said: The assessment spans a range proposals including Crossrail 2 and “The whole purpose of the UK’s of sectors including transport, Northern Powerhouse Rail.

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he government’s three times as much as new decision to scrap Hinkley Point C nuclear power For the time the £1.3bn Swansea station its 120-year lifecycle being, the T Bay tidal lagoon – he explained that the risks project has been outweighed the rewards of opportunity to create met by anger and frustration in a home-grown tidal energy many corners. industry. Developer Tidal Lagoon something ground With developers of a number Power (TLP) has disputed this of other tidal lagoon projects claim, citing the lagoon’s longer breaking and world hoping Swansea Bay could asset life. “ spark their projects into life, the It meant the five full-scale leading in energy has government’s decision to axe the lagoons planned to follow project has understandably left pathfinder project were also been lost many questioning the future of swept off the table, as Clark told tidal lagoons in the UK. MPs it would be “irresponsible” However, backers of the for the government to support of one of the highest tidal ranges beleaguered £1.3bn Swansea Bay them. in the world.” tidal lagoon pathfinder scheme But ICE Wales Cymru director Clark hinted that even have insisted it is not the end of Keith Jones is already hoping though the government had the road for UK lagoons, despite to meet with Welsh secretary withdrawn funding, the door losing their prolonged argument Alun Cairns to explore other was still open to tidal power, with the government. tidal options after the summer confirming he has been “in At the end of June, business parliamentary recess. receipt of proposals” for secretary Greg Clark put to bed Jones said: “For the time being, alternative schemes. But he the question of whether the UK the opportunity to do something stressed that any new project should try to develop a tidal ground breaking and world “must be able credibly to lagoon industry by withdrawing leading in energy and create a demonstrate value for money” government support for the legacy for future generations has for taxpayers. pathfinder scheme. been lost. Now we need to move TLP chief executive Mark Citing concerns about high on and look for other, perhaps Shorrock warned that TLP will costs for taxpayers – Clark different opportunities so that take its technology – and cash – stripclaimed ad ideas_Layout the lagoon 1 would 6/7/18 cost11:47 AM Page 2 Wales can maximise the potential to Europe.

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allplan.com Special Report BY JESS CLARK The story behind Sheffield’s street tree row

n Bannerdale Road trees] as a solution, they say it is a management programme at a rate in suburban Sheffield KEY STATS healthy tree and therefore it should of no less than 200 per year so that – a quiet street lined remain,” Sheffield City Council head 17,000 highway trees are replaced O with cherry trees – a of highways Phil Beecroft explains. by the end of the term” the contract resident comes out to £2.2bn “But a lot of the time a healthy says. see what is going on. In a city that has tree might be damaging the highway The council counter that this is an hit the headlines about its street tree Value of or the footway, or you can’t get a “incorrect interpretation”, saying the felling programme, three strangers Sheffield’s wheelchair or pram past. A one size figure is an allowance not a target. inspecting a specimen could be a highways fits all solution does not work. “We need to complete the work, cause for concern. “But in the long term, the tree will but it is impossible where the protest As it happens, this tree will not be maintenance continue to grow and at some point it groups are very organised,” says cut down – a decision the resident is contract will damage the network.” Beecroft. happy with. However, she does want “In the current financial climate “But we have to maintain the the Amey Sheffield Streets Ahead which the council does not have the highway, and achieve overall uplift team to fell a tree down the road that includes tree wherewithal to start adding more in the network condition. At the obstructs the pavement and makes it felling engineering solutions to the moment Amey has gone away to find dangerous for elderly people walking contract”, he adds. a solution. to church. More than half of Sheffield’s street “The protestors were This is the root of the dispute 80,000 trees are heading for the chop if endangering themselves so the about a £2.2bn highways contract documents published online work had to stop, and the city then maintenance contract that has led to Number of are to be taken at face value. is not benefiting from the uplift in the arrests of protestors and a Green potholes Amey “shall replace highway trees road conditions.” councillor being taken to court. replaced in accordance with the annual tree Sheffield was known as “Pothole Campaigners say perfectly healthy City” after 30 years of highways trees are being cut down. during the neglect. In the first five years of The council admits this is true, first five the £2.2bn contract Amey had to but only if the tree is “damaging improve the state of the network or discriminatory”, for example if years of Every tree that and the next 20 years are about it is blocking wheelchairs or Amey’s is cut down is maintenance. damaging a road. contract Chesterfield Road, a key route Demonstrators say engineering south of the city centre, has not been solutions are an alternative to replaced, although resurfaced yet and it is clear where chopping down trees, but the Labour- the nickname came from. run council insists there is no money they are younger and But on a recently upgraded to fund work outside the PFI scheme. may be replanted in a road it is obvious that the Streets “People suggest build-outs Ahead scheme has made marked [creating protective space around “ improvements. different location

16 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | AUGUST 2018 They don’t want to admit it is about money, do they? That makes “them look bad. But it is about money

That story is evident in public Protesters The battle over lime trees on protest that we saw in the first few satisfaction with the condition of attempting Rustlings Road marked a turning months of this year”. highways. Before the contract it was to stop Amey point in the dispute after Amey At the height of the protests in at 27.5%, according to the National workers felling workers woke residents of the March up to 30 police officers were Highways & Transport Network. a tree leafy south Sheffield street at 5am dispatched to one incident. By 2015 it was 43%, and last year it in November 2016 to begin felling Teal continues: “People are not reached 49%. without warning. going to stand for trees being felled In the first five years of the contract It was “something you’d expect to for these ridiculous reasons or to Amey has resurfaced more than see in Putin’s Russia, rather than a reduce the maintenance costs of 2,333km of pavement and 1,115km of Sheffield suburb,” said Nick Clegg, the multinational companies. road, replaced 3,208 drainage gullies, then Sheffield Hallam MP, as locals “It is just going to get worse and installed more than 64,600 new LED were woken with bangs on the door ultimately, they’re going have to take streetlights, and repaired almost to move cars. a different approach.” 80,000 potholes. Eight trees were felled on the road Sheffield City Council’s Beecroft Sheffield is widely described but Amey Streets Ahead account is adamant that work will eventually as “Europe’s greenest city”, and director Darren Butt says that “more continue, but adds: “We’ve become uproar over the tree felling has will have to come down”. He sees it as entrenched, we have to find a way overshadowed the much-needed an “opportunity to invest in our tree forward.” highways improvements. stock”. Sheffield City Council cabinet Green party councillor Alison Every tree that is cut down is member for the environment and Teal, who was taken to court by the replaced, although they are younger street scene councillor Lewis Dagnall council, does not accept reasons and may be replanted in a different is responsible for trying to find a for the tree felling programme put location. resolution. forward by the council. Felling work has been paused “It won’t be straight forward and “Other cities are perfectly capable since March, but it will restart, and the views of residents from across of solving those issues,” she says. protestors are unlikely to give up. the whole city have to remain a “We’ve had people on scooters, in South Yorkshire Police has also priority, but I fully accept that there wheelchairs, parents with buggies come under fire for its approach to needs to be compromise from all and they have all been most insistent policing the protests. An advisory sides,” he said. that they don’t want the trees to be panel to the force has said that Amey “What I do know is that the Streets felled.” and Sheffield City Council relied on Ahead programme is enabling us to “The actual reason is because the level of police involvement to have a highway infrastructure that they want to reduce the long term carry out the felling. we can all be proud of for the next 20 maintenance costs,” she adds. “They The South Yorkshire Police and years. don’t want to admit it is about money, crime commissioner Alan Billings “That means better roads, do they? That makes them look bad. said a way forward should be found pavements and street lighting with an But it is about money.” that “will not result in the type of increased street tree stock.”

AUGUST 2018 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 17 James Price BY JESS CLARK Delivering transport improvements for Wales

he road to the unusual as it includes the require- creation of a modern ment for a construction partner to Welsh transport deliver the South Wales Metro, as T system has been far well as run train services across from smooth. In the Wales. past year two bidders suddenly The headline announcement from pulled out of the race for a major KeolisAmey’s plans which were rail franchise and central govern- announced in June was that Cardiff ment axed an electrifi cation scheme will get four new railway stations, between Wales’ two biggest cities. every station in Wales will be mod-

The Interview The But Transport for Wales chief ernised and the Core Valley lines executive James Price believes will be upgraded. This includes the plans for the £5bn Wales and electrifi cation of 172km of track. Borders rail franchise, including Where do people live? Where a capital works framework worth do people work? How do they get £700M to develop the South Wales can innovate,” says Price, citing the there? These are the questions that Metro, has set Wales on a “journey wide range of options the franchise must be asked when planning new of transformation”. bidders put forward. transport infrastructure, Price says. The Wales and Borders franchise “The problem with the rail The main drive behind Transport includes the design and build of industry is that there is no con- for Wales’ strategy is the need to a metro-style service on the Core trolling mind and the industry is not connect workers to jobs. Valleys Lines and subsequent infra- allowed to work together to come “Transport is a means to an structure management. Responsibil- up with new ideas.” end, not transport for the sake of ity for these lines will transfer from The organisation awarded the 15 transport.” Network Rail to TfW, though heavy year contract to a joint venture Only KeolisAmey and MTR Corpo- rail infrastructure outside of the between French transport giant ration (Cymru), which was working Core Valley lines will remain with Keolis and Spanish-owned infra- with Bam Nuttall, were left in the Network Rail. structure consultant Amey. The JV running after Arriva Trains Wales Price, formerly Welsh permanent will take over rail services from Arri- pulled out of the procurement pro- secretary for economy, skills and va Trains Wales on 14 October. cess last year. Another bidder, and natural resources, explains that The rail franchise contract was Abellio Rail Cymru, dropped out the procurement process was following the collapse of its partner outcome-led. Carillion in January. “We told the bidders ‘we don’t “Everybody is saying we are care how you do it’,” he says. The doing something no one else has response from the industry was to Everyone is done. The high-level challenge is provide solutions across the “whole saying we are making it work economically and spectrum” to produce the desired socially. If it doesn’t deliver on result. doing something no- economics then there is kind of no “It indicates that when it is point,” says Price. allowed to, the rail industry really one else has done He echoes Welsh transport and 18 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER AUGUST 2018 “ The Wales & Borders franchise incudes the development of a metro service for South Wales environment secretary Ken Skates We can design economic connection between North who said that Transport for Wales East Wales and North-West England. KEY FACTS had “focused on outcomes” and contracts to get “We are still at a really early stage “achieving value for money” instead on that and working really closely of “rewarding bidders who put for- £700M more SMEs involved with local authorities,” Price says. ward unsustainable fi nancial offers”. “The stuff we have seen to date is One of the main challenges is deliv- Value of and still drive down nothing like what we will see in the ering quickly for a public that wants South Wales end. The South Wales Metro was 10 to see immediate change, he says. costs years in the making, [the North Wales Metro project “How do we deliver for an impatient “ Metro] is maybe in year three.” public, when lots of the industry is say that.” Although, “collaboration Improving bus services is the other getting things wrong?” 15 years doesn’t mean we lay down” he adds. focus for Transport for Wales. It is One hold-up could be the cancella- He is also keen to involve more grappling with the best way to serve tion of electrifi cation work between Length of small and medium enterprises in the rural areas where routes could be Cardiff and Swansea, Price explains. Wales and work (SMEs) and divide up large infra- deemed unviable due to low passen- Transport secretary Chris Grayling’s structure contracts where possible. ger numbers, even if they are essen- decision to scrap the scheme last Borders rail “We can design contracts to get tial for residents. summer will make it harder to fulfi ll franchise more SMEs involved and still drive Transport for Wales is exploring the promise to get four trains an hour down costs,” he says. how to use technology to make the to Ebbw Vale in the Welsh valleys. “That does put more of a require- service fi t the needs of the public, “We will deliver what politicians ment on us as a client to be a smart and expects to be offered the chance ask us to deliver, but Welsh ministers client. To be more commercial than to run the service. and politicians are disappointed we have been in the past, and more An Über-style, demand responsive [about the decision]. There’s a risk of technically savvy than we have been bus service could be the answer, communities feeling disconnected.” in the past.” Price explains. The Wales and Borders contract Transport for Wales is wholly The on-demand service, which can aims to deliver an extra 294 train owned by the Welsh government be ordered via a mobile app, would be services across Wales on Sundays – with a remit to advise and carry out cheaper than a taxi and only slightly an increase of 61% – and an extra 285 projects. more expensive than a regular bus and services on weekdays by the end of It is not just South Wales that is set would not be restricted by routes. 2023. to get a metro service, and Transport Separate trials of the technology Six hundred new jobs will be creat- for Wales is planning for the future as are underway in Oxford and sched- ed to deliver the work and 30 appren- early stage plans for the North Wales uled to start in Liverpool this year. tices will be taken on each year. Metro are in the pipeline. Echoing previous statements on Transport for Wales will work with Transport for Wales will invest in becoming a “smarter” client he says, contractors “in a grown up and col- Wrexham General and Shotton Station “Quite often the public sector does laborative way,” says Price. to enable the project in the future, not use technology as well as the pri- “If we have specifi ed something it revealed in the Wales and Borders vate sector, so trials have often been that is going to cause a real problem announcement. quite clunky. and not benefi t the customer then our Early proposals show the metro “But why can’t we be even better contractor ought to feel confi dent to will be cross-border, refl ecting the than Über?” says Price.

AUGUST 2018 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 19 outset (D&F Estates Ltd v Church Commissioners for England). In both Anns and Murphy the product at the centre of the case was the building structure. This appears to lead to the position that building a tower block Your View with highly inflammable cladding will not give grounds for tort LETTERS TO THE EDITOR against the regulating authority, AND COMMENTS ONLINE while destroying the integrity of an existing structure’s fire protection by applying the same cladding will. DR Carruthers (F) STRUCTURES of the planning application, is the [email protected] FLAWED DESIGN statement that “a pair of 40mm diameter pins between each half LOW CARBON COMPETITIONS @ ensure that the bridge halves are aligned vertically and laterally”. So WHY ARE WE SO STEEL For several years you have reported in spite of all the hype and all of the AND CONCRETE on the design competition, then publicity the bridge is actually a the winning entry and finally the single span with a pinned movement DEPENDENT? successful planning application joint, and is not two independent for the new footbridge at Tintagel Read more bridges at all. Castle. The winning entry has been letters at It is a salutary reminder that described in adulatory tones as “two www.newcivil architects are not engineers 30m cantilevers reaching out and engineer.com and should not be allowed almost touching in the middle....” to misunderstand, and more and the planning submission written importantly misrepresent, the by the architect states that “the new fundamentals of bridge design. crossing is not a single bridge but John Roberts (F), johnm two independent bridges springing [email protected] from either bank and almost touching in the middle”. FIRE This feature was clearly one of the key reasons why the design was CLADDING selected as the winning entry – the RESPONSIBILITY competition entry said that there would be a clear joint between the I must warn that Lord Denning’s mainland and island halves and that the comments on the responsibility FRP could replace steel and concrete narrow gap between them represents of local authority building control the transition between the mainland officers were not overturned by the I was very interested to read the and the island, here and there, the House of Lords, contrary to what is debate about the construction present and the past, the known and often said by lawyers, and repeated industry’s carbon footprint (New the unknown, reality and legend. in Peter Williams’ letter (New Civil Civil Engineer, last month). All I From the very first time I read Engineer last month). can say is that until the industry this description it was immediately The belief that the House of Lords reduces its dependency on steel and obvious that it would not work overruled its decision in Anns v concrete, no significant reductions and it would not be built with this Merton by its judgement in Murphy can be achieved. All other industries design feature. A gap that opens up v Brentwood District Council arises have stopped using these materials horizontally from 5mm in extreme from the inability of most lawyers in favour of fibre reinforced plastic summer to 85mm in extreme winter to understand soil mechanics. In (FRP) composites decades ago for is only the starting point of the Anns v Merton, trenches for the pure commercial reasons. practical problems. The real issue strip foundations were not dug deep We need universities to add is the fact that the two halves move enough, so the soil foundation failed this subject to their courses and laterally and vertically apart when causing the structural foundation to structural engineers to develop their one span is loaded and the other is The Editor, fail (ie the structure itself was not skills in FRP composite design. not and this would be a significant New Civil defective, the soil resistance was too We have just delivered our tenth health and safety risk to users. It is low). In Murphy the structural raft FRP composite footbridge deck and Engineer, also bound to be far more flexible failed, not the soil (ie the structure the demand from local authorities Telephone as two independent cantilevers and itself was defective at the outset). is growing rapidly as they recognise would no doubt encourage some House, In law, “damage to property” can the significant benefits in terms of members of the public to see how 69-77 Paul lead to damages in tort, whilst “pure cost, durability, speed of installation much they could make it “move” in Street, London, economic loss” cannot. “Damage and sustainability. the middle. EC2A 4NQ to property” means damage to John Drewett, Lifespan Structures, Why am I therefore not surprised Email: nceedit@ other property, not to the very Basepoint Havant,Harts Farm Way, to find that, buried in the fine print emap.com product which was defective at the Havant, Hampshire, PO9 1HS

20 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | AUGUST 2018 MAIN POINT WHAT IS THE WATERYOUR VIEWS AND OPINIONSSUPPLY PROBLEM?

Total water supply (including leakage) in England and Wales It was with a feeling of déjà vu that I opened the feature on is only around 7% of the average water resource. Virtually water resilience (New Civil Engineer, last month). There are so all of that 7% is returned, either as leakage or after use. many parallels with the 2012 drought, and so much of the same We just move water around, in time and place. There are language. In 2012 the ICE State of Nation: Water reported environmental gains and losses depending on the where and that on a scale of one to 10, UK’s water security was only 4; when of abstraction and the where and when of returns. But a rating that reflected direct water use in UK, and indirect there is no question of any absolute shortage of water – just water use embedded in food and goods imports. The ICE went shortage of enough storage to sustain supply through the dry on to recommend universal metering (at the time said by times. government to be unnecessary), raised awareness in society Meanwhile, leakage control is expensive, never-ending, and of the role played by water, and development of new supply suffers diminishing returns. There will always be a financial schemes for households, industry and agriculture. The report optimum where it starts to be cheaper to provide “new” water was reviewed by the government but the response given to the than to reduce leakage. This would be Ofwat’s ideal target – ICE was essentially “we’ll call you”. A wet autumn and winter but of course it needs adjusting for environmental effects. followed and all thoughts of water security were replaced by So what are those effects? those of the impacts of flooding. In the dry South East, most of London’s water and about two So here we are again with the National Infrastructure thirds of Anglia’s comes from river abstractions at or near their Commission (NIC) referring to the “limited ambition” of our tidal limits. Tidal limit abstraction has zero effect on the fresh regulators and water companies to improve water security, water environment, and wherever water is returned upstream and promoting a suite of storage, transfer, and re-use schemes. (by leakage or after use) the result is environmental gain, Globally, the results of Nasa’s research from the Gravity Recovery increasing low flows in the receiving river. In such cases why and Climate Experiment show what is described as “major on earth would we want to drive leakage below the financial hydrological change” as precipitation and river flows become optimum? more variable, and as ground water depletion accelerates. In stark contrast, groundwater abstractions are intrinsically I ponder, though, whether anything game-changing can damaging – witness the state of many chalk streams. In happen when our nation, through its water regulators, groundwater dependant areas, such as much of the Southern continues to focus on keeping the price of drinking water as region, there is a real case for greater spending on leakage low as possible, and as we continue to depend on water across – but even here, might it not be cheaper, as well as more the globe to support our food and other import needs. The reliable, to substitute winter water via reservoirs for the water discourse in the UK remains largely one related to water offending groundwater abstractions? company ownership, domestic water prices, and drinking And in general, why are we in such resolute denial of the water system leakage. While I welcome the NIC’s views, I value of returning flows, including leakage? suspect that the Treasury’s mantra to keep the domestic water David Evans (M), Worcester, [email protected] price low, and the arrival of autumn rainfall, will mean that we will continue to sleep-walk into an insecure water future. Your feature on water resilience (New Civil Engineer, last Michael Norton (F), [email protected] month) is welcome but surely incomplete. For England and Wales, it concentrates only on domestic/household use, say While your editorial is spot on in its thinking about water 3bn.m3 per annum. It omits industry and direct abstraction. resources, especially in the South East of England, the more The Department for Environment Food & Rural Affairs’ detailed articles and associated diagram simply illustrate figures for 2006/07 in millions of cubic metres per year are the narrowness of the thought processes involved (New Civil (approximately): Engineer, last month). l Industry including agriculture commerce, power and Leakage does not always affect the available resource; in manufacturing – 1,300m3 inland areas it simply recharges the groundwater and in some l Leakage – 1,250m3 coastal settlements it is the only barrier to saline intrusion. l Direct abstraction across all sectors – 6,500m3 (of which a Meanwhile demand management is unlikely to solve the large amount is probably returned to the river system, for problem within any reasonable timescale. And, with the example cooling water from the power industry). exception of Thames’ proposed reservoir at Abingdon, there is So concentration on domestic use/waste is important but no need for new reservoirs in England; reliability can be more misses the whole picture. economically achieved by inter-catchment raw water transfers It should also not be forgotten that the worldwide water which, in any case, are more flexible. required to produce England’s imports of food and goods is The potential costs (at £20bn) are grossly overstated. A estimated to be very much higher than, and in addition to, functional water grid could be built for not much more than these figures. Thames Water is about to spend on its Tideway project. Edward Hepper (F), Uplands 61 Queens Road Alton Hants GU34 Peter Styles, Kingsbury, [email protected]

AUGUST 2018 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 21 Business Culture Skills & Learning CHECKS AND BALANCES Changes to the ICE’s Continuous Professional Development regime will make engineers more accountable for the training they do. Alexandra Wynne reports.

ow good are civil and run further with it. and urgently review its professional engineers at their “The assumption that a accreditation process, the panel jobs? And how easily KEY FACT professional qualification once behind the report insisted. can each of them attained qualifies a civil engineer to While the panel did not go so far prove they have the 54,197 practice for life is simply untenable as to offer specific solutions to the skills and training to Number of in a fast-changing world, with greater potential problems thrown up by enable them to practice today? expectations by clients and the the changes, ICE vice-president Ed HThese are questions that will practicing ICE public of up-to-date professional McCann, who led the review, says that soon require more care and thought members competence,” says the just-published the way training is undertaken must as engineers seek to comply with ICE-commissioned ICE Professional now be scrutinised. upcoming changes to the ICE’s Skills report. “One of the key things I find professional review process. “In our view, the ICE’s current unconvincing about CPD is that for Last month ICE members voted to voluntary CPD model is not an most people, a couple of weeks after back a move to make recording of adequate means of assurance.” a training day, they’ll have forgotten continuing professional development And so, the ICE must go further what they’ve learned,” he says. (CPD) compulsory – currently it is only A simple certificate issued on completed on a voluntary basis – in attendance at any such event is line with recommendations from the meaningless when it comes to what is Engineering Council. The changes acted on. Instead, people should be also mean that civil engineers will be The assumption more accountable for their learning, obligated to record any CPD they have that a according to McCann. undertaken, so that it can be audited. “I’m a big advocate of people being On the one hand, the proposals professional tested [after the training],” he says. “It could be seen as an enforced move shouldn’t be just an attendance thing.” toward greater regulation of existing qualification once He says the panel believes that procedures. Something that is in its the difficulty will come in delivering own right “a challenge”, says ICE attained qualifies these changes without greater membership director Seán Harris. “ resource deployed at any level – for On the other hand, influential a civil engineer to which there is no appetite. Instead industry figureheads are calling on it should be a case of employers the ICE to embrace this top-down practice for life is adapting existing mechanisms, and Engineering Council recommendation simply untenable working with the ICE to determine

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In our view, the ICE’s current voluntary CPD model is not an adequate “means of assurance deployed by the vast number of civil engineers in operating and maintaining, renewing and adapting, and decommissioning existing infrastructure, it points out. The failing is not limited to the world of academia, however, and the review panel urges the ICE to develop and implement a plan to improve all civil engineers’ skills related to these specific areas. Part of the answer will come in how effectively the ICE co-ordinates with academia – and ultimately employers – on the initial qualification, and subsequent training, of engineers. The panel says it hopes the ICE will take the lead and convene meetings how auditing will be conducted. Engineers are because members were responding involving all parties at a national and This should be achievable given that coming under on improvements in skills needed for strategic level to effect curriculum the “vast majority” of engineers are increasing today’s challenges, rather than in the and training changes, as industry employed in big corporates which pressure to future,” the report says. needs adapt. already have adaptable systems in demonstrate their Employers ranked judgement and In the meantime, High Speed 2 place, McCann elaborates. competence decision making, critical thinking design director Kate Hall has raised At the report’s launch, ICE and time management higher in the possibility that the ICE could director general Nick Baveystock importance than traditional “science” make moves to effect change more said that alongside the procedural skills, says the report. informally and could branch out in changes, now was the right time to “We were struck by the relatively its efforts to connect renowned and take a closer look at the profession, low importance given to science … revered engineering figureheads with particularly given the concurrent which seems in stark contrast to the academia. Without getting bogged reviews of the profession being importance given to these activities down in bureaucratic curriculum undertaken by Dame Hackitt and ICE in formal education both at school changes, eminent professionals could past president Peter Hansford. and in universities,” says the review. do visiting professorships and touring “The nature of the engineer may So, while the profession faces lectures to impart unique industry or may not be changing,” said the challenge of how to prove to experience and help develop the Baveystock. “But we, at least, needed clients and the wider world that broadest range of skills required of to do some analysis.” practising engineers are qualified and new engineers. That analysis – contributed to by competent, the gauntlet has also been Harris said that while there are the results of a members’ survey – thrown down for academia. mechanisms to connect leading threw up some interesting results; “In general, the education system engineers with academia for special namely, that concerns about a treats soft skills as complementary lectures, there was sometimes little perceived lack of digital and technical and less important than technical appetite to take up the offer by skills in the industry were less skills,” says the report. It goes academics. prominent than fears that there is a further, levelling criticism at The worry for some is that dearth of the less engineering-centric the overwhelming bias within while reviews often give insight into soft skills that are also critical to undergraduate degrees toward civil problems in the industry’s skills base, today’s civils businesses. engineering for the construction of their solutions are less evident. And “Perhaps surprisingly, lack of digital large pieces of infrastructure. while everyone tries to figure out what skills was seen as a much smaller area By contrast little is being taught to do, technologies and the work of of concern: this may have been partly about the specific skills that are civil engineers, continue to evolve. N

AUGUST 2018 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 23 Business Culture Dr Sauer & Partners SIZING UP FOR GROWTH Staff retention and close work with contractors underpin Dr Sauer & Partners’ success, enabling it to punch above its weight on major projects. Emily Ashwell reports.

ew engineering firms have It’s striving for that balance of the big presence on some major projects. as strong a heritage as Dr Austrian heritage and the realities of Building on the success of its work on Sauer & Partners. KEY FACT the UK market.” Crossrail and Transport for London With a mission Lyons, a civil engineer, started (TfL) projects, including the current statement that says £3M as the firm’s managing director in Bank Station capacity upgrade, the “passion for perfection”, February, having previously worked firm is also working for Arup on its Austrian founder Dr Gerhard Sauer, Dr Sauer’s UK with the firm for several years as a Crossrail 2 and on the Euston Station Fa pioneer of sprayed concrete linings turnover project manager. He took over from designs to make it High Speed 2 (HS2) in tunnels, has created a firm which Gerald Skalla, who headed up the UK ready. lives up to the Germanic stereotype 25 division before heading to Toronto “It’s amazing how, for a relatively of engineering excellence. Number of to grow one of the firm’s overseas small company, the profile of some Sauer’s work with Austrian UK staff operations. of the projects we get involved in is academics was pivotal in the For a small firm - the headcount of quite disproportionate. It is because development of the New Austrian its permanent technical staff is less of the type of tunnelling we do,” says Tunnelling Method, now one of the than 100 – Dr Sauer & Partners has a Lyons. “Because we have worked on most widely-used tunnelling methods London Underground (LU) we have worldwide. Sauer was involved in its been able to bring innovation from first application in Frankfurt in 1970. project to project and lessons learned But does its new UK managing We know with the client have grown with time.” director, Brian Lyons, see this One key element of the firm’s heritage as a help or hindrance? how to speak working style is to get contractors on “Both,” he says. “My job is to board with plans and designs as soon harness all that is good about the contractor, how to as possible. logical, rigorous, structured and their “We know how to speak contractor, passion for perfection – that’s the communicate with how to communicate with mission statement of the company, contractors, so what we deliver is and I think that’s true, but I’d like to contractors, so what we very efficient and very constructable. temper that a bit with the realities “ “We do a lot of co-location, go and deliver is very efficient of running a business with multiple sit with contractors, bring our team clients and multiple work areas. and very constructable with them and then spend a lot of

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We like permanent employees. We like long term relationships “so we really have a very low turnover of staff

cutting edge of technical innovation, how does Lyons foster that sort of thinking at a management level? “One thing we never do is have a ‘typical detail’, we don’t believe in that,” he says. “We believe in looking at every problem on its own merits and working through it until you come up with the optimal solution. My job is to get the right people and foster the right environment.” Lyons says the ethos at the firm is one of respect and through its recruitment process it works hard to find people who are delivering high quality products. Dr Sauer has a diverse workforce, with a high proportion of international time before construction, planning Dr Sauer UK which saw the firm make the staff and more than half of its staff the best way to fit their plant, their managing director Trending20 list in this year’s NCE100. are women. methods into the design and then Brian Lyons takes What caught the panellists’ “We like permanent employees. making sure it’s a safe quick, lean, stock of progress attention was the collaboration We like long term relationships so we design, and that sets us apart from at Bank Station between LU, Dragados and Dr Sauer really have a very low turnover [of the market.” at the Bank Station capacity upgrade, staff], and we see some of the large Before work started on the Bank where primary and secondary tunnel companies have very high turnovers upgrade, a team from Dr Sauer would linings designed in combination led to and just can’t see how they can go up to the Crossrail site where the significantly reduced excavation and possibly give clients confidence or construction manager who was lined concrete volumes. deliver continuity in the product, so up for the Bank job was working. The firm also worked on the we work very hard, once it’s the right They would meet with him, his development of a new radial joint person, to make sure that lasts.” foreman and even the plant fitter. design which eliminated the need On his plate for the foreseeable The firm invested money in building for entry to the area of freshly future are the firm’s first information modelling so it could sprayed concrete, ultimately making apprenticeships, as well as plans to give contractors and clients the best tunnelling at Bank a safer process. An take on more work in areas such as picture of what it planned to do. operative was killed in such an area geotechnical and temporary works. “It took a bit of commitment on the Crossrail project, so the risk at Like many SMEs he says the traipsing out there every week... but Bank was very real. procurement process can be the more work you do with contractors “Up till the Bank station project, cumbersome and costly, but there is and clients showing them what you’re operatives would have had to go plenty of work on the horizon. going to do, that’s how you get the best into the face underneath the freshly There are some big London out of contractors, get what’s in their sprayed concrete and the excavation Underground projects ahead, head and work it through to a buildable face, and physically install a former at including upgrades at Holborn and solution,” he says. the joint location,” says Lyons. Camden Town stations, which it is “It makes sense. Why would you “We have taken that element of bidding for. But Lyons would like to not spend time working through work out by mechanising that joint work more outside London, and has the finer details rather than being formation and spending some time on an eye on the Stonehenge tunnel adversarial? It is just the way we work.” the detail of that joint.” – Lyons will only say the firm is It was this collaborative working With a reputation for being at the “teaming up” at this stage. N

AUGUST 2018 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 25 ADVERTISEMENT COLAS: Cleared for take off Colas is competing WE complain so much about them, you Colas has now brought these Continental globally for major aviation could be forgiven for thinking no one likes techniques and materials to the UK market airports. But whatever people may say, the including the French national standard infrastructure projects. truth is: we cannot get enough of air travel. aviation asphalt BBA ((Béton Bitumineux From an ambitious air hub in In the UK alone there are 40 commercial pour chaussées Aéronautiques) within the Uganda to a new UK runway airports. This year, more than 4.3 billion latest issue of BS EN 13108-1. - with no fl ight cancellations - passengers internationally are expected This specialist runway material, out of to take off, while consumer demand and the French lab, is critical. More than a Colas Ltd is challenging growing e-commerce has been driving air decade ago, Colas UK brought BBA to this conventional thinking on freight. country and it has been used at numerous airport delivery So really we love airports – to the point commercial airports. The material’s that they are struggling to keep up with unique macrostructure makes it possible demand. However, the need to enhance for runways to be laid more quickly and and develop aviation infrastructure remains effi ciently, with less material and without controversial, as decades of debate over time-consuming grooving. It means fewer Heathrow demonstrate. disrupted fl ights, leaving happier clients Each airport presents its own range and customers. of challenges and diffi culties such as As a Tier-One contractor, Colas has community acceptance, environmental undertaken signifi cant projects at home and issues and local design codes. These must overseas, directing operations and working be overcome if critics and passengers are with subsidiary contractors. Currently, the to be satisfi ed. But whether it is creating fi rm is carrying out runway renewal schemes UK – Birmingham Airport extension project an 8,000-mile long supply chain, diverting at Airbus in Cheshire. This project builds a major arterial route or working around a on the fi rm’s long association with the fl ying schedule without cancellations, Colas aircraft manufacturer, which began with provides effi cient, intelligent technical BBA at Airbus’s home airport in Toulouse. solutions tailor-made to each situation BBA has also proved critical in the current - leaving clients free to focus on their works. It was selected because of the need business. to limit full runway closure in the summer. On the Continent, the Colas group is It has traditional higher friction values than already an acknowledged market leader in conventional Marshall Asphalts, making it a major airport construction. It recently led clear choice. the way on large-scale projects at Orly and Client focus is at the heart of Colas’s France – Orly Airport Roissy Charles de Gaulle, Europe’s second approach both at home and internationally. biggest airport. Colas’s mass approach, And key to the burgeoning success of its renowned productivity, precision planning airports work is the Colas group’s technical and state of the art materials, saw the group know-how, highly-productive approach and win both projects and deliver high quality effi cient planning. bespoke works around the needs of the Various projects over the years at RAF busy airports. Mount Pleasant on the Falkland Islands, In the UK, Colas Ltd has a 20-year underline Colas’s meticulous attention reputation in aviation infrastructure. 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The UK business extended the runway, moved the A45 and the technical strength behind the materials. Plus, it is a showcase project for the UK resurfaced – without disruption to fl ights. It is our USP. The benefi ts of BBA are clear Government export strategy as it clearly Adopting its parent company’s mass – the speed at which it can be laid and the illustrates support for exporters. approach, Colas Ltd works on a scale surface performance is equal to or better According to Mr Fergusson, Colas UK will ‘unknown in the UK’ to deliver what the than any other. We continue to develop be undertaking group-wide responsibility client wants, according to Peter Bamfi eld, innovative solutions backed by our group for building in English-speaking parts of Colas Ltd’s Aviation Director, Airfi elds R&D capability.’ the BIMEA region – Britain, Ireland, Middle and Infrastructure. Some 50,000 tonnes It is an approach underlined by Carl East and Africa. He maintained: ‘Uganda is of material were laid in 5 weekends at Fergusson, Colas Ltd’s Chief Executive- our springboard into Africa. We’re pursuing one enormous airport project in the UK – designate. The Colas group’s large-scale and developing our role within the BIMEA minimising disruption to fl ights and bringing projects and dynamic working methods region of Colas SA. We will be leading in the project in on time. Mr Bamfi eld goes on inform and underlie the methods now English-speaking areas.’ to say ‘We deliver all our projects in a safe driving the UK business and which is seeing Mr Fergusson said: ‘We’re working at manner and are proud to maintain our 13 it take on overseas projects. scale in very challenging conditions. It gives year record in Airfi elds without a lost time Globally, Colas began working this year us the insight and expertise to reinforce our injury.’ on a massive project to build a brand new capability in the UK.’ Mr Bamfi eld said: ‘We offer innovation international airport at Kabaale, Uganda. He emphasised that the UK will see the and signifi cant buildability advice. We The ambitious undertaking sees Colas benefi ts: ‘Overseas infrastructure contracts know how to work with minimum disruption constructing runways, taxiways and all offer opportunities for more complex scale and our proven track record of delivering necessary infrastructure to create what projects and we’ll be bringing our new is testimony to our materials and the will be the country’s second airport. It direction in experience and knowledge innovation and capability we have shown at also highlights the UK-led company’s back to the UK.’ all levels.’ Mr Bamfi eld concluded: ‘We have international role within the Colas group. www.colas.co.uk/diamond

UK – East Midlands airport Business Culture Equality SOMETHING TO SHOUT ABOUT Women engineers with inspirational stories were recognised at a recent New Civil Engineer event. Emily Ashwell reports.

ew Civil Engineer Building networks honoured six female was a key part of engineers at its the event inaugural Recognising Women in Engineering event in June. The event, held in association Nwith consultant Curtins, aims to drive home the fact that gender diversity is good for business and to recognise the value women bring to engineering. The six are: Sellafield lead structural engineer Victoria Craig; Mott MacDonald projects principal Rosa Diez; Amey head of business improvement Lisa Ingram; Northern Ireland Department for Infrastructure principal engineer (roads) Cindy Noble; Farrans senior site engineer Amy Wright; Canal and River Trust project team manager Antonia Zotali. They were honoured at a dinner in London in June, ahead of International Women in Engineering day on 23 June. The event recognised a diverse range of women working in the civil engineering sector, some directly as a civil engineer, others in technical or supporting functions. Entrants were asked to demonstrate how they had

28 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | AUGUST 2018 FOR MORE DATA ON CIVILS FIRMS GO TO NEWCIVILENGINEER.COM

INSPIRATIONAL WOMEN

The six women recognised at the even came from across the industry. Here are their stories.

VICTORIA CRAIG ROSA DIEZ LISA INGRAM Sellafield lead structural engineer Mott MacDonald projects principal Amey head of business improvement Victoria Craig’s technical work shows the After she had worked on several big Lisa Ingram started at Amey as a receptionist ability to tackle design challenges and a projects, Mott MacDonald bosses put – she is now its head of business improvement. demanding schedule head on. Rosa Diez on their Crossrail team to lead a Lisa Ingram is currently leading the service Recent work includes responsibility for team of 60, which had been struggling to improvement programme for its Birmingham delivering the structural and architectural meet key deadlines and which had several contract where she has delivered innovation design for a new process facility at critical long standing unresolved design and sustainable improvement. She has Sellafield. She is also a science, issues. Performance under Diez improved developed the Amey Challenge Cup, technology, engineering and maths dramatically. She is now technical lead for which showcases engineering as an exciting (STEM) ambassador, putting her own time tunnels for the £2bn north contracts for High career option, and has taken a lead role in into managing and leading local events Speed 2. Only around one in 20 of the firm’s its Educating the Educators programme, encouraging children and teenagers into tunnelling workforce are women, and as a delivering STEM education in schools that engineering. All this is done while managing working mother, leaders at Mott MacDonald are normally considered no-go for businesses a young family. say that Rosa has broken down barriers. As – genuinely making a difference to children’s a result its Crossrail team had around 25% lives. female design engineers – a ratio previously unheard of.

CINDY NOBLE AMY WRIGHT ANTONIA ZOTALI Northern Ireland Infrastructure Department Farrans senior site engineer Canal and River Trust project team manager principal engineer (roads) Amy Wright has been working on the Zotali has developed a scheduling tool to Strong leadership, outstanding commitments technically demanding Northern Spire project, monitor projects which has been rolled to public service and promoting women in where she is responsible for a number of out nationwide. She also pioneered the engineering shone from Cindy Noble’s entry. large, high value sections of work. As well as development of a stakeholder engagement She leads a team of 33 with a £20M budget. mentoring internally at Farrans, her outreach toolkit to encourage collaborative working. Whether dealing with large scale emergency work is significant. She is regional education Zotali acts as a mentor for colleagues, weather related events, such as 2014’s tidal coordinator for ICE North East where she including some from different teams, and surge, or managing public events such as the created the zombie apocalypse workshop undertakes schools outreach including career Irish Open, Noble is at the forefront of roads and the Inspire competition. She also found speed-dating events and working with students management. She also chairs the judges at time to manage a charity initiative in Malawi, on placements. Her boss says she goes above the Big Bang Northern Ireland Event, where providing a remote village with a solar and and beyond in her support for colleagues. 4,000 students take part. hydropower scheme.

AUGUST 2018 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 29 Business Culture Equality

We are Event sponsor of Engineering diversity and inclusion steering group member INTERNATIONAL absolutely and chief executive of Iand, Elspeth Finch, as well as Curtins head of WOMEN IN delighted to be communications Rhiannon Carss and ENGINEERING DAY New Civil Engineer associate editor involved in such Emily Ashwell. International Women in Engineering The judges were not looking for Day is an international awareness an exciting and people to fit specific categories or rank campaign to show the work women “ entrants, they were simply looking for in engineering do and showcase important event for inspiring stories from women who are engineering careers to girls. our industry excelling in the workplace. “We are absolutely delighted In the UK, the Women’s Engineering to be involved in such an exciting Society recognised 50 female contributed to the successful and important event for our industry,” engineers, who were nominated under outcome of a project their firm has said Carss. “Shining a the theme returners or transferrers undertaken. This work could be light on the incredible and talented – women who are working within engineering, but it could also cover women in engineering that are the engineering sector who have other disciplines within the firm such all around us is key to encouraging come into engineering from another as transport planning or community more to choose to enter or discipline or returned to work after outreach. They were also asked to return to this career. I was blown away a career break of at least 18 months. show how they furthered the values by the exceptional individuals we The list included Cairns Consultancy of their firm or contributed to its recognised on the night; founder Kate Cairns, Waterco project success. each woman was absolutely deserving engineer Louisa King and Arup senior The judges were Utterberry of the accolade and an inspiration to engineer Isobel Byrne Hill. founder Heba Bevan, Royal Academy us all.” N

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HIGH SPEED 2 STATIONS WILL BE KEY TRANSPORT HUBS / PAGE 34 FIVE CROSSRAIL INTERCHANGES FOR LONDON UNDERGROUND / PAGE 38 OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES AROUND THE WORLD/ PAGE 44

AUGUST 2018 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 33 WEST MIDLANDS – METRO EXTENSION PROGRAMME

Wolverhampton Piper’s Row Line One Park and Ride St George’s Wolverhampton Station Tram stops Rail connection

Extensions under construction Bus connection

The Royal Tram stops under construction Airport connection Priestfield Not to Scale Lines under development

JOINED UP Wednesbury Bilston Central Great Western Wednesbury Parkway Street

Black Lake Dudley Port West Dudley Town Bromwich Centre Central Merry Hill The Hawthorns Brierley Hill THINKING BirmBirminghaminghg am Interchanges for HS2 are at the centre of InterchaInterchangenge HS2 integrated transport investment that will Jewelleryewellery QQuarteruarter High Street drive growth in the West Midlands and St Chads Deritrend Lea NEC Heartlands Hall Chelmsley Greater Manchester, reports Jackie Whitelaw. New Canal Hospital Wood Street HS2 St Bull Street Andrews (for Snow Hill Birmingham Centenary Square Station) Business Park

Brindley Place Birmingham Midlands which are already well International Inspiring Victoria ahead in the strategy of connecting Square KEY STATS public transport and growth. Their Interchanges Five Ways key to success is to integrate public Grand Central Edgbaston (New Street Station) transport systems via attractive, user he National Infrastructure £43bn friendly interchange destinations that Commission’s (NIC’s) first Amount of can in their own right act as catalysts national assessment of transport for investment in regeneration, the nation’s infrastructure housing and jobs. needs was published in funding the It helps that both have their eyes July. It made the point National on the place-making revolution that that regional cities should be the will be able to be delivered alongside Tpriority for integrated future transport Infra- High Speed 2 (HS2). investment to improve productivity, structure The £58bn high speed, high reduce congestion and underpin Commission capacity railway will have two stations growth in housing and business. in the West Midlands – one near the The NIC recommended to the says should airport and National Exhibition Centre government that it commit £43bn of be allocated known as Birmingham Interchange stable long term transport funding and one at Curzon Street in the centre £43bn for regional cities. It also urged metro to regional of Birmingham. Greater Manchester mayors and city leaders to develop cities too, will have a duo of HS2 stops – FundingFunding needneededed long term integrated strategies for one at Piccadilly in the centre of the transport, employment and housing city and one at the airport, which is by 2021. currently undergoing a £1bn upgrade. 2026 “Government and cities need HS2 trains arrive to act now to ensure that space in cities is used effectively, with room in Birmingham allocated for fast, frequent public transport systems, well-connected Interchanges and affordable housing and pleasant are the key 2 x HS2stations public space,” the NIC said. in Birmingham and Manchester The NIC’s assessment was welcome to the switch from support for the city conurbations of Greater Manchester and the West the car 34 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | AUGUST 2018 “ The HS2 trains are due to arrive in We have the WEST MIDLANDS – METRO EXTENSION PROGRAMME Birmingham in 2026 and Manchester in 2033. Journey times from city opportunity to centre to London are 49mins for Wolverhampton Piper’s Row Line One Park and Ride Birmingham, down from one hour 21 St George’s benefit enormously Wolverhampton mins; and one hour eight minutes for Station Tram stops Rail connection Manchester, down from two hours from HS2 and we Extensions under construction Bus connection eight minutes. HS2 will be a transport revolution want to make sure we The Royal Tram stops under construction Airport connection Priestfield for the country but for the areas it Not to Scale “ Lines under development serves directly the associated homes have everything in and employment opportunities Wednesbury are immense as long as people in place to get the most Bilston Central Great Western the regions are able to access the Wednesbury Parkway Street stations. out of it To that end Transport for the West Black Midlands (TfWM) and Transport for Midlands currently, to 35% to 45% of Lake Greater Manchester (TfGM) both have all journeys. Dudley Port West strategies in place with HS2 at their “Interchanges are the key to the Dudley Town Bromwich heart. switch from the car,” Waters says – Central Centre “We have the opportunity to benefit ease of movement between modes Merry Hill enormously from HS2 and we want such as train, metro, Sprint rapid The Hawthorns Brierley Hill to make sure we have everything in buses and bike hire, and equally, ease place to get the most out of it,” says of paying for them via smart ticketing BirminghamBirminghg am InterchangeInterchange TfWM director of policy, strategy and options. HS2 innovation Mike Waters. “We have to change behaviours, Jewelleryewellery QQuarteruarter TfWM’s Movement for Growth hearts and minds, and use technology High Street delivery plan puts a strategy in to communicate with the traveller. St Chads Deritrend Lea NEC Heartlands Hall Chelmsley place to 2026 with two over-arching So we are investing around mobility New Canal Hospital Wood principles. One is to ensure that as a service. Rather than presenting Street HS2 all parts of the West Midlands are a blunt wall of information, we will St Bull Street Andrews plugged in to the two high speed rail convey real choices to people and (for Snow Hill Birmingham stations and the significant growth Centenary Square Station) Business Park the consequences of those choices and development that is already in terms of cost, environment and Brindley Place Birmingham International happening at their locations. The health. It gives us an opportunity Victoria Square other is to steer transport investment to start to have an influence and into priority corridors for new jobs dialogue directly with passengers Five Ways Grand Central and homes, providing a joined up about when they travel and how, not Edgbaston (New Street Station) land use/transport planning approach just how much time it might take.” to support the aims of the West The interchanges themselves are Midlands Combined Authority’s being made more user friendly as well. strategic economic plan. “We are making sure our bus As the HS2 start date approaches, stations have a sense of place, for Waters has two other deadlines to example, with parcel collection prepare for that add extra impetus services, lockers and community to the work. In 2021 Coventry is the centres, so they are not just there UK City of Culture and the following to transport passengers but are a year, in 2022, Birmingham hosts the cohesive part of the area.” Commonwealth Games. Alongside heavy rail and buses, The extra visitors will be joining Metro tram extensions will be an the throngs in what is already a huge important part of the investment urban conurbation, Waters explains. plans with a £1.2bn programme of £43bn “We have over 2.8M people, the work over the next decade. largest city region outside London and Tracks are already being laid for the FundingFunding needneededed over the next 20 to 30 years we have extension from central Birmingham to accommodate growth of a city the to Edgbaston Five Ways along with size of Bristol. It is a huge challenge, work to take the line to Hagley Road. 2026 and to cope we have to build and By 2023 the tram will have an extra 17 HS2 trains arrive improve our public transport stops on an 11km extension through radically.” Dudley to Brierly Hill, much of it along in Birmingham Over the years to 2026, TfWM plans disused railway. to invest £7.3bn. So far there are An ambitious part of the 77 committed schemes with a total interconnected transport strategy 2 x HS2stations capital cost of £5.1bn, with 61% of the is to develop something called Very in Birmingham and Manchester funding – £3.1bn – already identified. Light Rail as an affordable alternative The ambition is to shift the emphasis to conventional road running tram of travel from the car, which accounts systems which require all services for 63% of journeys in the West in the road to be relocated and often

AUGUST 2018 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 35 Inspiring Interchanges Overview

city centre and placed it next to the railway station as part of a broader regeneration plan. The land vacated by the bus station was used for new housing.” Like the West Midlands, Greater Manchester is on the journey to universal smart ticketing and integrated travel information which advises people about the best combination of journeys to make. Central to the city’s growth has been the Metrolink tram – the largest light rail network in the UK with services on seven lines to 93 stops covering 96km. Work is well underway to extend Metrolink to Trafford Park by 2020 and to build a western loop to Manchester airport. It has just been agreed to dedicate £83M of Transforming Cities funding to a £100M programme to add an extra 27 trams to the network to deal with overcrowding. Integrated multi-modal transport is at the centre of Greater Manchester’s strategy There are also ambitions to introduce tram-trains – where Metrolink can complex overhead wiring. The idea Manchester Transport Strategy share lines with conventional trains. is to use lightweight technology, 2040 “to enable customers to move Routes identified with potential include which has been successfully used KEY STATS seamlessly between services and Manchester to Wigan and Stockport to in the automotive sector; and the modes of transport on a single, high Manchester Airport. latest propulsion technology to quality, high capacity transport But to bring us back to where we create low cost, lightweight tramline £100M network that is easy to use and started, it is the opportunities created vehicles capable of running on-street Funding to connects areas of new development”. by HS2 that make eyes light up. and negotiating tight corners. The It is just now engaging in talks with “We have set out our plans for one centre for the research is the new add an extra central government ahead of the integrated interchange station at Very Light Rail Innovation Centre in 27 trams to spending review of funding for all the Piccadilly for HS2 and the east-west Dudley; while a link from Coventry Manchester proposals. Northern Powerhouse rail link along railway station, via the city centre to “We have had a place-based with additional plans for Metrolink the University of Warwick is a potential Metrolink approach to transport planning capability,” says Warburton. first route. for the last 20 years,” says TfGM “Our vision is that these (Piccadilly “Ultimately, the aim would be to transport strategy director Simon and Manchester Airport HS2) stations connect Coventry’s growth areas to Warburton. “We don’t start with will become interchange facilities, HS2 and the wider conventional tram the transport mode, but by creating an integrated transport network via VLR,” says Waters. understanding the potential for system between HS2, Northern Meanwhile further north, TfGM improved connections which allows Powerhouse Rail (NPR) ail, local has ambitious plans in its Greater us to determine priorities.” rail, Metrolink, bus transport and Part of that is understanding that intercontinental air connections,” says “an integrated offer allows integrated the Stops are just the start strategy choices so people can easily use more launched earlier this year.” The HS2 than one mode to make a complex The redevelopment of Piccadilly journey.” would require the NPR lines to come Piccadilly “Over the last 10 years, one of the in through a tunnel so as to leave land things we focused on was the renewal free for a new commercial district . interchange would be of traditional bus stations. Now they Metrolink could also be tunnelled as are multi modal, we have relocated well – the start perhaps of long term a once in a century them so they sit with rail stations and plans to put more of it underground are designed to physically integrate.” that are being considered. opportunity to Bolton Bus Station which opened “The HS2 Piccadilly interchange “ last year is a good example, he says. would be a once in a century regenerate the area “We did a very simple thing, we took opportunity to regenerate the area around the station the bus station from one side of the around the station”, the strategy says. N

36 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | AUGUST 2018 “ESSENTIAL READING FOR CIVIL ENGINEERS”

GEORGE MCFADZEN MORGAN SINDALL

New Civil Engineer

PUT YOURSELF IN FRONT OF 48,000 INDUSTRY PROFESSIONALS CONTACT FRANCIS BARHAM 020 3953 2912 | [email protected] ELIZABETH LINE – PHASED OPENING

Currently TFL Rail is operating Elizabeth Line OPENING bn £14.8 overground services between Shenfield and May 2019 2 PADDINGTON – SHENFIELD 2 Funding Liverpool Street and Paddington and Heathrow. BRENTWOOD ENFIELDENFIELD EPPING FOREST

The big di‰erence will be when trains can run od Wo direct through the central tunnels connecting BARNET ark rold

2019 east and west of the capital. HARROW Ha REDBRIDGE SHENFIELD ngs Y entwood Gidea P Br ROMFORD

December Opening dates start in December 2018. WA Chadwell Heath Goodmayes Seven Ki ford

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SOUTH BUCKS rest Gate ryland Manor Park Fo Ma STRATFORD HAVERING BRENT

EALING WHITECHAPEL LIVERPOOL STREET ayton plow

TENHAM COURT ROAD BARKING &

SOUTH Ta Burnham

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OXFORDSHIRE nwell PADDINGTON EALING BROAD Acton Main Line TOT BOND STREET SLOUGH WEST EALING NEWHAM Ha West Dr West Iver Langley Southall SLOUGH & HARLINGTON HAYES

THURROCK yford Tw HOUNSLOW WINDSOR & T123 READING T5 WICH BEXLEY

MAIDENHEAD MAIDENHEAD T4 READING

RICHMOCHMOND CUSTOM HOUSE WOOL UPONO THAMES CANARY WHARF ABBEY WOOD

BRACKNELL THROW FOREST DARTFORD WOKINGHAM OPENING HEA Dec 2018 1 HEATHROW – ABBEY WOOD 1

OPENING 3 Dec 2019 THE ELIZABETH LINE - FULL OPERATION 3

Final preparations are underway for the opening of Bond Street Elizabeth line station

38 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | AUGUST 2018 INTEGRATED OPERATION London Underground is preparing to operate five new interchanges from December this year when the Elizabeth line platforms built by Crossrail come into operation. By Jackie Whitelaw.

to the numbers using the stations. Inspiring Tottenham Court Road station, Interchanges KEY STATS for example, will experience a 50% increase to 200M passengers a year. 200M Kim Kapur, programme manager for the London Underground interface n just four months time on Number of with the Elizabeth line, is currently a date yet to be specified in passengers preparing for the big moment in December, London will start December. It is her job to make to really appreciate the per year to sure the stations operate safely and £14.8bn that has been invested pass through efficiently from day one. in constructing the Elizabeth Tottenham “Crossrail is building massive new line. That is when the central section stations, which, when integrated with Iof the Crossrail project will open Court Road London Underground, will create to passengers, joining 10 new when the mega- complexes that have to be stations between Paddington operated and maintained as one and Abbey Wood, south of the Elizabeth line station,” she says. Thames. is open Kapur is very aware that the By May next year, direct services integration end of a construction will operate from Paddington to project is one of the toughest. Shenfield in Essex. Ask anyone in the sector about The Elizabeth line will fully open project closure and operational in December 2019, with services readiness and they all look warily running from Reading and Heathrow over their shoulder at the spectre of in the west through the central Heathrow Terminal 5 (T5). That mega- tunnels to Shenfield and Abbey Wood project was beautifully planned and in the east. built but memorably fell on its face The management of five central London stations – Bond Street, Tottenham Court Road, Farringdon, Liverpool Street and Whitechapel – Crossrail falls to London Underground (LU), whose staff are preparing for the first is bringing new underground railway through the centre for nearly 40 years. the assets into use The new line will add 10% to London’s rail capacity and millions in stages AUGUST“ 2018 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 39 Inspiring Interchanges Crossrail

I’m often asked if I’m losing STATION DESIGN

sleep. But I am not. It is not only London Tottenham Court THE STATIONS Underground staff Road station for instance I’ve a team of 80 and who will be learning will have two new exits The eastern 1 how to use the stations from the Elizabeth line entrance to the an entire organisation incorporating the concourse, one in the Liverpool Street Elizabeth “ Elizabeth line. Passengers east near Centre Point line station at Broadgate backing me up will also be looking to and the other on Dean will be signposted by artist find their way about. Street in Soho in the Yayoi Kusama’s “Infinite west. “We wanted to Accumulation” mirrored on opening day when the baggage Signage and wayfinding keep the station in the steel sculptures. system failed. No one wants to repeat will be very important. east light, bright and that, ever. “The platforms are modern to fit with the The black Dean “We have expertise in the business 235m long, if you get on daytime economy of 2 Street concourse from the Jubilee line extension and at the wrong end of the business and shopping. at Tottenham Court Road T5 and they are helping me make sure train that will annoy you Soho is more edgy, more will help indicate the route we don’t hit similar problems,” Kapur far more than it does on nocturnal so we’ve used out to Soho. says. the normal Tube,” Kapur black precast polished “Crossrail is bringing the assets says. “There will be audio concrete for the station Preparations into use in stages,” Kapur explains. visual signs on the trains and the integral over-site 3 are underway at “And I have engineers embedded to help people work out building,” says Hawkins Farringdon to install the in Crossrail. That has served us where they should go Brown senior partner and Avalanche art work by well. Crossrail wants beautiful when they alight.” head of infrastructure and Simon Periton, which will stations but ultimately we at London Architectural design transport Harbinder Birdi. help indicate the eastern Underground need to move people so and art will also play a role Passengers will glimpse exit. our knowledge and expertise in that in giving people subliminal white or black and know capacity is integral. The knowledge signals as to which routes which way to head, he and experience of my operations to follow. explains. people has been focused on making sure the design is operable.” In a sense, she says, the addition of the Elizabeth line stations into LU’s Line the Follow 2 existing interchanges is “more of the same, just a lot more”. “There will be the same common components – the same lifts, escalators, communications and fire systems,” for example. Trial operations start in October when the stations practice running as one big complex, including a full scale fire evacuation from trains and stations. Experienced extra staff are being allocated from the network “which de-risks things massively,” Kapur says. “People are nominating themselves to come to work at the stations; our first operators at Farringdon arrived in July for example. “I’m often asked if I am losing sleep over the opening,” she says. “But no, I’m not. London Underground has over 150 years of rail experience; I have a team of 80 people with the entire organisation backing us up. I call it in as and when I need it and I’ll get the support I need to make it happen.” N

40 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | AUGUST 2018 1

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AUGUST 2018 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 41 ❙ Costain, The Network Rail Thameslink Programme ❙ Quintain, Wembley Park Contractor Partnership Framework ❙ Environment Agency, Boston Barrier Transport & Works Act Order Delivery ❙ Sir Robert McAlpine, Backward Integration with Collaborative Forward Thinking ❙ Essex Highways, A sustainable transport future for all: Chelmsford City Growth ❙ Wessex Capacity Alliance, The Wessex Capacity Alliance delivering upgrade works Package at London Waterloo, Vauxhall and along the Wessex route ❙ John Sisk & Son, Continuous Sponsorship and Support of Sufra (local food bank), E03 Canada Gardens PRODUCTIVITY IN CONSTRUCTION INITIATIVE OF THE YEAR ❙ Morgan Sindall, Community Excellence on the A1 Leeming to Barton ❙ B&K Structures, Cross-laminated timber at Dalston Lane 10 October | Grosvenor House Hotel, London ❙ Mott MacDonald, Hook and Johnston Wastewater Treatment Works ❙ Balfour Beatty Ground Engineering, Innovation in Diaphragm Wall Construction – ❙ Wessex Capacity Alliance, Waterloo Capacity Improvement Programme Marble Arch Place ❙ TITAN Preventer System means no dewatering in Dubai hotel DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION INITIATIVE OF THE YEAR Ischebeck Titan, and serviced apartments SPONSORED BY: COSTAIN ❙ JN Bentley, A ‘product-based approach’ at Hanchurch Distribution Service Reservoir ❙ 3D Repo and Canary Wharf Contractors, Building a City in the Cloud applied ❙ Kingspan Insulation, Kingspan OPTIM-R E – Tulloch Primary School on the Wood Wharf Project at Canary Wharf ❙ Mace, Rising factory on East Village project ❙ A14 Integrated Delivery Team, Dynamic Project Data Platform – A14 C2H ❙ Tide Construction, Welcome to Europe’s Tallest Modular Building - Apex House Improvement Scheme ❙ REVEALING THE 2018 SHORTLIST ❙ Willmott Dixon Construction, Operational Excellence Model at Romford Arup, Digital Efficiency at Dubai International (DXB) Leisure Centre ❙ Jacobs, Thames Estuary Asset Management 2100 (TEAM2100) SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT OF THE YEAR ❙ Mott MacDonald, Digital delivery on HS2 Phase 2B Lot 1 SKILLS IMPACT INITIATIVE OF THE YEAR ❙ Robert Bird Group, Erection Stress Analysis of Midfield Terminal Feature Roof ❙ Big Data Institute ❙ Atkins, The Atkins Epsom STEMLab Project Categories ❙ Seequent, Innovating together to deliver a digital, 3D geological modelling solution ❙ Connswater Community Greenway Phase 2 ❙ Costain, Vinci Construction Grands Projets and Bachy Soletanche (CVB, Tideway ❙ on the Upper Chelburn Impounding Reservoir COMMERCIAL PROPERTY PROJECT OF THE YEAR Marlborough Primary School East) with Diversity Hut and the LDE UTC, Changing the face of Construction ❙ ❙ Sir Robert McAlpine, Stakeholder Communications and Engagement ❙ 25 Wilton Nucleus, The Nuclear Decommissioning Authority and Caithness Archive ❙ Galliford Try, Industrial Cadets, A45/A46 Tollbar End Improvement ❙ – The Broadgate Construction app ❙ Bloomberg, London Prior’s Court – The Seasons Children’s Homes ❙ HS2 and NCHSR, Future-proofing the Workforce: BIM and digital transformation, ❙ ❙ Transport Scotland, A9 Dualling: Highland Discovery Tourism App ❙ Four Pancras Square Royal Birmingham Conservatoire High Speed 2 (HS2) and National College for High Speed Rail (NCHSR) ❙ ❙ London Wall Place University of Roehampton Library EXPORTING EXPERTISE INITIATIVE OF THE YEAR ❙ Morgan Sindall, A1 Leeming to Barton – Skills Regeneration and Enhancement ❙ ❙ Worcester College, The Sultan Nazrin Shah Centre R7, King’s Cross ❙ Galliford Try, Construction of healtcare centre on Tristan da Cunha ❙ Network Rail, Star Track – Building Track Design Engineering Capability ❙ Two St Peter’s Square TRANSPORT PROJECT OF THE YEAR ❙ HKS Architects, Development and construction of a new Maternity Unit, ❙ Taylor Woodrow, Crossrail West Stations – Engineering Education Scheme ❙ Westgate Oxford ❙ ❙ Chester Bus Interchange Kachumbala Heath Centre 3, in rural NE Uganda Transport Scotland, A9 Dualling Programme – Academy9: Building a Legacy ❙ White Collar Factory ❙ ❙ London Bridge Station Redevelopment Mangera Yvars Architects, Education City Mosque and College of Islamic Studies ❙ TEMPORARY WORKS INITIATIVE OF THE YEAR (BUILDING) CULTURAL & LEISURE PROJECT OF THE YEAR ❙ Mersey Gateway Bridge Mott MacDonald, Dubai Roads & Transport Authority Strategic BIM Consultancy ❙ ❙ Newtecnic, King Abdullah Financial District Metro Hub (KAFD) SPONSORED BY: GROUNDFORCE SHORCO ❙ Hull City Centre Public Realm Regeneration Project Queensferry Crossing ❙ ❙ ❙ Quantum Geotechnical, Mount Coffee Project – Grout Curtain Design and BBMV, Crossrail Whitechapel Station – Escalator Barrel Travelling Scaffold ❙ IOU Arts Venue Somers Town Bridge ❙ Construction ❙ Kingscote Design, Integrated Concrete Frame Design at MP3 H04 ❙ National Army Museum The Ordsall Chord ❙ ❙ SimpsonHaugh, Queen Elisabeth Hall, Antwerp ❙ Robert Bird Group/Rise, Royal Opera House – Opening up works ❙ Royal Academy of Music Victoria Station Upgrade ❙ ❙ Robert Bird Group, 21 Moorfields – Piling Grillage above Moorgate Station Roof ❙ Sportscotland Inverclyde National Sports Training Centre Wessex Capacity Alliance – August Part Closure of Waterloo Station HEALTH, SAFETY & WELLBEING INITIATIVE OF THE YEAR ❙ Scudder Demolition, Bringing the outside in at Lots Road Power Station ❙ Storyhouse, Chester UTILITY PROJECT OF THE YEAR ❙ 8build, Imperial College London, Weeks Hall ❙ Sir Robert McAlpine, Tower Crane Strategy at Wimbledon Court One ❙ Television Centre ❙ ❙ Allerton Waste Recovery Park Balfour Beatty Skanska Joint Venture, Safe to the Finish Campaign applied on the Redevelopment ❙ The Ned ❙ Battersea Cable Tunnel M25 Junction 30/A13 Corridor Relieving Congestion Scheme ❙ Swanton Consulting, Basement Lowering and Facade Monitoring for Cleveland ❙ CLIMATE RESILIENCE PROJECT OF THE YEAR ❙ Highbury Corner Bridge – Utilities Diversion Project CMDP, Tunbridge Wells North Health Maturity Matrix Clinic London ❙ ❙ Costain, Thameslink London Bridge Station Redevelopment SHE Impact Day SPONSORED BY: WAVIN London Power Tunnels Project ❙ Wentworth House Partnership, Earls Court Bridge 19 and Main Roof Deconstruction ❙ ❙ Galliford Try, Virtual reality safety training initially applied at the Stanton Cross rail ❙ HAR2 Kingsmoor Flood Alleviation Scheme Initiative Categories and civils scheme in Northamptonshire TEMPORARY WORKS INITIATIVE OF THE YEAR (CIVIL ENGINEERING) ❙ Leeds Flood Alleviation Scheme ❙ JN Bentley, H&S Strategy – Service Avoidance – Delivered at Chester WwTW ❙ Milford on Sea Beach Hut Replacement Scheme SPONSORED BY: GROUNDFORCE SHORCO ❙ Multiplex Construction Europe, Plumtree Court Development ❙ Much Wenlock Flood Alleviation Scheme ❙ BAM Nuttall, Kirtling Street Temporary Marine Facility ❙ Tideway, in partnership with Active Training Team (ATT), EPIC Initiative Categories ❙ BAM Nuttall, Hollow gravity base foundations, ‘Float and Submerge’ design HOUSING PROJECT OF THE YEAR ❙ CARBON REDUCTION INITIATIVE OF THE YEAR PARTNERSHIP INITIATIVE OF THE YEAR COWI, Mersey Gateway Bridge ❙ Dollar Bay ❙ ❙ A14 Integrated Delivery Team, Mobilising the UK’s Largest Road Construction Dr Sauer & Partners, BSCU Northern Line Adit Construction – SCL Temporary Works ❙ New Mildmay SPONSORED BY: HALL FUELS Project – A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon Improvement Scheme ❙ Fairhurst and Flo, Counter’s Creek Flume Works – Cremorne Wharf Depot, Tideway ❙ Rehearsal Rooms ❙ Costain, Solatainer – Solar Powered Hybrid Electricity Generator, Cholsey STW ❙ Infrastructure Strategic Alliance (Sellafield working with Morgan Sindall and Arup), ❙ Farrans Construction Victor Buyck JV, Raising Sunderland’s Northern Spire ❙ Roussillon Park – Chichester ❙ Galliford Try, Tar-Bound Material Recycling – Muse Phases 2 & 3 Infrastructure Strategic Alliance (ISA) ❙ Kilnbridge Construction Services, Water Street Bridge – Canary Wharf Bridge ❙ ❙ Galliford Try, Waste Reduction, A611 Rolls Royce Access Scheme, Nottingham The Chocolate Works Phase One, York ❙ Abutment Lowering ❙ ❙ Multiplex Construction Europe, Verde SW1 JN Bentley, Rivelin WTW Sirofloc Replacement Weston Street ❙ ❙ ❙ Ramboll UK, Tall timber, low carbon development at Dalston Works Kier Construction, Early delivery team engagement at Project Capella Mabey Hire, Collaborative bridge lifting system innovation – River Artro Viaduct, ❙ INFRASTRUCTURE MAINTENANCE PROJECT OF THE YEAR ❙ Ramboll UK, Walthamstow Wetlands: Reed bed creation and dredging scheme Midland Metro Alliance, The Midland Metro Alliance: Transforming the West Gwynedd ❙ ❙ A1(M) Darrington to Dishforth DBFO Midlands by delivering light rail schemes through collaboration and alliancing Skanska, Launch Ramp Groundwater Protection System – Humber Gas Pipeline COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT INITIATIVE OF THE YEAR ❙ Bilston Road Track Upgrade Project ❙ Chapel Street Bridge upgrade, Salford ❙ A14 Integrated Delivery Team, A14 C2H – Exceeding Expectations To see who is responsible for these successful projects visit: ❙ Highbury Corner Bridge Replacement (A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon Improvement Scheme) ❙ M4 River Usk Bridge Strengthening and Rehabilitation ❙ Anglian Water, Community Regeneration in Wisbech ❙ Werrington Brook Improvement Scheme ❙ Arup, Connswater Community Greenway Phase 2 bcia.newcivilengineer.com

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Shortlist DPS.indd 1-2 11/07/2018 11:29 ❙ Costain, The Network Rail Thameslink Programme ❙ Quintain, Wembley Park Contractor Partnership Framework ❙ Environment Agency, Boston Barrier Transport & Works Act Order Delivery ❙ Sir Robert McAlpine, Backward Integration with Collaborative Forward Thinking ❙ Essex Highways, A sustainable transport future for all: Chelmsford City Growth ❙ Wessex Capacity Alliance, The Wessex Capacity Alliance delivering upgrade works Package at London Waterloo, Vauxhall and along the Wessex route ❙ John Sisk & Son, Continuous Sponsorship and Support of Sufra (local food bank), E03 Canada Gardens PRODUCTIVITY IN CONSTRUCTION INITIATIVE OF THE YEAR ❙ Morgan Sindall, Community Excellence on the A1 Leeming to Barton ❙ B&K Structures, Cross-laminated timber at Dalston Lane 10 October | Grosvenor House Hotel, London ❙ Mott MacDonald, Hook and Johnston Wastewater Treatment Works ❙ Balfour Beatty Ground Engineering, Innovation in Diaphragm Wall Construction – ❙ Wessex Capacity Alliance, Waterloo Capacity Improvement Programme Marble Arch Place ❙ TITAN Preventer System means no dewatering in Dubai hotel DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION INITIATIVE OF THE YEAR Ischebeck Titan, and serviced apartments SPONSORED BY: COSTAIN ❙ JN Bentley, A ‘product-based approach’ at Hanchurch Distribution Service Reservoir ❙ 3D Repo and Canary Wharf Contractors, Building a City in the Cloud applied ❙ Kingspan Insulation, Kingspan OPTIM-R E – Tulloch Primary School on the Wood Wharf Project at Canary Wharf ❙ Mace, Rising factory on East Village project ❙ A14 Integrated Delivery Team, Dynamic Project Data Platform – A14 C2H ❙ Tide Construction, Welcome to Europe’s Tallest Modular Building - Apex House Improvement Scheme ❙ REVEALING THE 2018 SHORTLIST ❙ Willmott Dixon Construction, Operational Excellence Model at Romford Arup, Digital Efficiency at Dubai International (DXB) Leisure Centre ❙ Jacobs, Thames Estuary Asset Management 2100 (TEAM2100) SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT OF THE YEAR ❙ Mott MacDonald, Digital delivery on HS2 Phase 2B Lot 1 SKILLS IMPACT INITIATIVE OF THE YEAR ❙ Robert Bird Group, Erection Stress Analysis of Midfield Terminal Feature Roof ❙ Big Data Institute ❙ Atkins, The Atkins Epsom STEMLab Project Categories ❙ Seequent, Innovating together to deliver a digital, 3D geological modelling solution ❙ Connswater Community Greenway Phase 2 ❙ Costain, Vinci Construction Grands Projets and Bachy Soletanche (CVB, Tideway ❙ on the Upper Chelburn Impounding Reservoir COMMERCIAL PROPERTY PROJECT OF THE YEAR Marlborough Primary School East) with Diversity Hut and the LDE UTC, Changing the face of Construction ❙ ❙ Sir Robert McAlpine, Stakeholder Communications and Engagement ❙ 25 Wilton Nucleus, The Nuclear Decommissioning Authority and Caithness Archive ❙ Galliford Try, Industrial Cadets, A45/A46 Tollbar End Improvement ❙ – The Broadgate Construction app ❙ Bloomberg, London Prior’s Court – The Seasons Children’s Homes ❙ HS2 and NCHSR, Future-proofing the Workforce: BIM and digital transformation, ❙ ❙ Transport Scotland, A9 Dualling: Highland Discovery Tourism App ❙ Four Pancras Square Royal Birmingham Conservatoire High Speed 2 (HS2) and National College for High Speed Rail (NCHSR) ❙ ❙ London Wall Place University of Roehampton Library EXPORTING EXPERTISE INITIATIVE OF THE YEAR ❙ Morgan Sindall, A1 Leeming to Barton – Skills Regeneration and Enhancement ❙ ❙ Worcester College, The Sultan Nazrin Shah Centre R7, King’s Cross ❙ Galliford Try, Construction of healtcare centre on Tristan da Cunha ❙ Network Rail, Star Track – Building Track Design Engineering Capability ❙ Two St Peter’s Square TRANSPORT PROJECT OF THE YEAR ❙ HKS Architects, Development and construction of a new Maternity Unit, ❙ Taylor Woodrow, Crossrail West Stations – Engineering Education Scheme ❙ Westgate Oxford ❙ ❙ Chester Bus Interchange Kachumbala Heath Centre 3, in rural NE Uganda Transport Scotland, A9 Dualling Programme – Academy9: Building a Legacy ❙ White Collar Factory ❙ ❙ London Bridge Station Redevelopment Mangera Yvars Architects, Education City Mosque and College of Islamic Studies ❙ TEMPORARY WORKS INITIATIVE OF THE YEAR (BUILDING) CULTURAL & LEISURE PROJECT OF THE YEAR ❙ Mersey Gateway Bridge Mott MacDonald, Dubai Roads & Transport Authority Strategic BIM Consultancy ❙ ❙ Newtecnic, King Abdullah Financial District Metro Hub (KAFD) SPONSORED BY: GROUNDFORCE SHORCO ❙ Hull City Centre Public Realm Regeneration Project Queensferry Crossing ❙ ❙ ❙ Quantum Geotechnical, Mount Coffee Project – Grout Curtain Design and BBMV, Crossrail Whitechapel Station – Escalator Barrel Travelling Scaffold ❙ IOU Arts Venue Somers Town Bridge ❙ Construction ❙ Kingscote Design, Integrated Concrete Frame Design at MP3 H04 ❙ National Army Museum The Ordsall Chord ❙ ❙ SimpsonHaugh, Queen Elisabeth Hall, Antwerp ❙ Robert Bird Group/Rise, Royal Opera House – Opening up works ❙ Royal Academy of Music Victoria Station Upgrade ❙ ❙ Robert Bird Group, 21 Moorfields – Piling Grillage above Moorgate Station Roof ❙ Sportscotland Inverclyde National Sports Training Centre Wessex Capacity Alliance – August Part Closure of Waterloo Station HEALTH, SAFETY & WELLBEING INITIATIVE OF THE YEAR ❙ Scudder Demolition, Bringing the outside in at Lots Road Power Station ❙ Storyhouse, Chester UTILITY PROJECT OF THE YEAR ❙ 8build, Imperial College London, Weeks Hall ❙ Sir Robert McAlpine, Tower Crane Strategy at Wimbledon Court One ❙ Television Centre ❙ ❙ Allerton Waste Recovery Park Balfour Beatty Skanska Joint Venture, Safe to the Finish Campaign applied on the Redevelopment ❙ The Ned ❙ Battersea Cable Tunnel M25 Junction 30/A13 Corridor Relieving Congestion Scheme ❙ Swanton Consulting, Basement Lowering and Facade Monitoring for Cleveland ❙ CLIMATE RESILIENCE PROJECT OF THE YEAR ❙ Highbury Corner Bridge – Utilities Diversion Project CMDP, Tunbridge Wells North Health Maturity Matrix Clinic London ❙ ❙ Costain, Thameslink London Bridge Station Redevelopment SHE Impact Day SPONSORED BY: WAVIN London Power Tunnels Project ❙ Wentworth House Partnership, Earls Court Bridge 19 and Main Roof Deconstruction ❙ ❙ Galliford Try, Virtual reality safety training initially applied at the Stanton Cross rail ❙ HAR2 Kingsmoor Flood Alleviation Scheme Initiative Categories and civils scheme in Northamptonshire TEMPORARY WORKS INITIATIVE OF THE YEAR (CIVIL ENGINEERING) ❙ Leeds Flood Alleviation Scheme ❙ JN Bentley, H&S Strategy – Service Avoidance – Delivered at Chester WwTW ❙ Milford on Sea Beach Hut Replacement Scheme SPONSORED BY: GROUNDFORCE SHORCO ❙ Multiplex Construction Europe, Plumtree Court Development ❙ Much Wenlock Flood Alleviation Scheme ❙ BAM Nuttall, Kirtling Street Temporary Marine Facility ❙ Tideway, in partnership with Active Training Team (ATT), EPIC Initiative Categories ❙ BAM Nuttall, Hollow gravity base foundations, ‘Float and Submerge’ design HOUSING PROJECT OF THE YEAR ❙ CARBON REDUCTION INITIATIVE OF THE YEAR PARTNERSHIP INITIATIVE OF THE YEAR COWI, Mersey Gateway Bridge ❙ Dollar Bay ❙ ❙ A14 Integrated Delivery Team, Mobilising the UK’s Largest Road Construction Dr Sauer & Partners, BSCU Northern Line Adit Construction – SCL Temporary Works ❙ New Mildmay SPONSORED BY: HALL FUELS Project – A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon Improvement Scheme ❙ Fairhurst and Flo, Counter’s Creek Flume Works – Cremorne Wharf Depot, Tideway ❙ Rehearsal Rooms ❙ Costain, Solatainer – Solar Powered Hybrid Electricity Generator, Cholsey STW ❙ Infrastructure Strategic Alliance (Sellafield working with Morgan Sindall and Arup), ❙ Farrans Construction Victor Buyck JV, Raising Sunderland’s Northern Spire ❙ Roussillon Park – Chichester ❙ Galliford Try, Tar-Bound Material Recycling – Muse Phases 2 & 3 Infrastructure Strategic Alliance (ISA) ❙ Kilnbridge Construction Services, Water Street Bridge – Canary Wharf Bridge ❙ ❙ Galliford Try, Waste Reduction, A611 Rolls Royce Access Scheme, Nottingham The Chocolate Works Phase One, York ❙ Abutment Lowering ❙ ❙ Multiplex Construction Europe, Verde SW1 JN Bentley, Rivelin WTW Sirofloc Replacement Weston Street ❙ ❙ ❙ Ramboll UK, Tall timber, low carbon development at Dalston Works Kier Construction, Early delivery team engagement at Project Capella Mabey Hire, Collaborative bridge lifting system innovation – River Artro Viaduct, ❙ INFRASTRUCTURE MAINTENANCE PROJECT OF THE YEAR ❙ Ramboll UK, Walthamstow Wetlands: Reed bed creation and dredging scheme Midland Metro Alliance, The Midland Metro Alliance: Transforming the West Gwynedd ❙ ❙ A1(M) Darrington to Dishforth DBFO Midlands by delivering light rail schemes through collaboration and alliancing Skanska, Launch Ramp Groundwater Protection System – Humber Gas Pipeline COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT INITIATIVE OF THE YEAR ❙ Bilston Road Track Upgrade Project ❙ Chapel Street Bridge upgrade, Salford ❙ A14 Integrated Delivery Team, A14 C2H – Exceeding Expectations To see who is responsible for these successful projects visit: ❙ Highbury Corner Bridge Replacement (A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon Improvement Scheme) ❙ M4 River Usk Bridge Strengthening and Rehabilitation ❙ Anglian Water, Community Regeneration in Wisbech ❙ Werrington Brook Improvement Scheme ❙ Arup, Connswater Community Greenway Phase 2 bcia.newcivilengineer.com

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Shortlist DPS.indd 1-2 11/07/2018 11:29 GROWTH PLATFORMS Weston Williamson’s interchange developments include schemes for the Jubilee line extension, Docklands Light Railway, Elizabeth Line and High Speed 2. Founding partner Chris Williamson and senior partner Christian Bocci share their advice for what makes a successful interchange and where best practice has not always been exploited.

Inspiring REGENERATION Interchanges get people to consider KEY STATS Interchanges new options for a whole area. The MELBOURNE METRO development of the business district 5 of Canary Wharf in London, for OPPORTUNITIES instance, would not have happened Melbourne Australia is going all New without the Jubilee Line Extension out to create a step change in the POLYCENTRIC CITIES interchanges yet, when the Tube route was capacity of the city’s rail network Public transport interchanges, being built, the focus was all on on with construction of the £6bn usually focused on stations, where transporting people, rather than Metro Tunnel underground link people switch rail lines or change Melbourne’s building a destination. Thirty years with twin 9km tunnels beneath the mode of transport altogether are £6bn metro later High Speed 2 and Crossrail centre of the city and including far more than a device to connect 2 have business cases focused on five new interchange stations. different forms of travel. regeneration around the interchange A well designed interchange can hubs. regenerate or create new districts for growing cities. By maximising FUNDING the amount of residential, business Good interchanges will attract and leisure options within walking private capital. On the Jubilee Line distance they can change the focus of Extension Canary Wharf developer an entire conurbation. Olympia & York contributed £300M They allow the creation of a towards getting the railway built polycentric city where various hubs but other developers just took the can develop, rather than all the focus, profit from the uplift in land values. and the direction of travel, being Since then the game has changed directed at the centre. As megacities and developers are being asked to of 10M-plus people develop, this will contribute up front in anticipation be a vital role for an interchange, of future profits. One third of the allowing more ordered expansion Elizabeth line is developer funded of these cities. Tokyo is probably while Crossrail 2 is aiming for 50%. the best example of this type of This model is now being taken up in expansion to date. other countries around the world.

44 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | AUGUST 2018 People have

COLOMBO to be able to FORT STATION access the interchange

In Sri Lanka, Vinci Construction not only via the pubic Grands Projects (Malaysia) is redeveloping the Colombo Fort transport it connects, railway station into a multi “ but also from the modal transport hub, allowing interchange between buses, rail surrounding area and a future monorail line.

Cost is £90M. Around 1,000 bus URBAN REALM movements an hour are being An interchange is an opportunity to planned for, and 400,000 people add to a city’s cultural life. In London, a day are expected to use the King’s Cross has the King’s Place interchange. There is an associated Music Foundation and St Martin’s tall buildings and wider masterplan School of Art bringing music lovers strategy that uses the hub as and a vibrant student population to the centrepiece for transport the area. Similarly, Canary Wharf used oriented development. Weston to be deserted after 6pm but a mix of Williamson’s role is the transport shops and bars means the place has a and commercial masterplan. buzz into the night. CHALLENGES FEEDING THE INTERCHANGE People have to be able to access the interchange not only via the pubic transport it connects, but also from the surrounding area. Walking and cycling are good options but consideration has to be given to private transport, buses, taxis (and potentially autonomous vehicles), OLD OAK COMMON trams and metros to feed in the numbers that will create a busy, successful hub. Weston Williamson is working on development of a £700M major LAND OWNERSHIP hub station for High Speed 2 and Piecemeal development does not Network Rail at Old Oak Common make a good interchange. If there are in West London. It will sit in a 1km myriad land owners it is difficult to long box with a park on top that match timescales for developments creates a green corridor and public and the overall vision into one space. cohesive strategy. Broadgate in London has Liverpool Street Station at its heart and is a fantastic example of developers and railway owner working together. Stratford has been developed in an ad hoc way. It is one of the capital’s super hubs but suffers from the lack of a clear vision for the area. And it is very hard to retrofit a better vision for regeneration.

AFFORDABILITY Interchange hubs can have integrated developments around them, sometimes designed for a very narrow population type – for example small units intended for students. A broader mix of uses and residential types would be much better in terms of creating long term communities. N

AUGUST 2018 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 45 World View INSPIRING CIVILS ACROSS THE GLOBE NEWCIVILENGINEER.COM/WORLD-VIEW

CHINA BURO HAPPOLD TOPS OUT MACAU HOTEL

Contractors have completed the 40 storey high Morpheus hotel in Macau, China which features a complex exoskeleton structure. Structural engineer for the project was Buro Happold. The consultant carried out the structural and façade engineering for the project which was designed by Zaha Hadid Architects. The tower is supported by two cores, one on each side of the structure, plus a row of internal columns close to the cores and a complex exoskeleton of steel beams and columns around its exterior. In total, 2,500 exoskeletal nodes had to be designed and constructed for the project.

UNITED STATES NORTH AMERICA TURKEY MUSK BEATS OFF AECOM TO DESIGN NEWTECNIC WINS CONTRACT MOTT JV TO WIN 853M SPAN US- TO DESIGN ‘HOVERING’ ISTANBUL CHICAGO TUNNEL CANADA BRIDGE MUSEUM STRUCTURE

Elon Musk has beaten a Mott Aecom is to lead the design of the MacDonald joint venture to win the Gordie Howe International Bridge, contract to build a Chicago airport between Detroit in the United States transit link. Musk’s tunnelling firm The and Windsor in Canada. The consultant Boring Company was picked to design, will work in a team called Bridging build, finance and operate the Chicago North America, which includes ACS Express Loop, a tunnel running between Infrastructure and Dragados. The O’Hare Airport and Block 37 in project client is Windsor-Detroit Bridge downtown Chicago which will transport Authority (WDBA). The 2.5km long passengers on autonomous electric cable-stay bridge will have North skates at between 200km/h and America’s longest main span at 853m. 240km/h. Musk beat the O’Hare Xpress Aecom will also design ports of entry LLC, a consortium of Mott MacDonald, for Canada and the US, as well as the Newtecnic has won the contract to design the structure, Meridiam, Antarctica Capital, JLC Michigan Interchange. Michigan façade and mechanical, electrical and plumbing for Turkey’s Infrastructure and First Transit. The governor Rick Snyder said: “The Gordie new Istanbul Museum. The museum façades have been Boring Company was originally set up Howe International Bridge project at the engineered by Newtecnic so that the building’s cantilevered to build a road tunnel network under Detroit-Windsor crossing will be a floors appear to hover above the glass walled ground floor. Los Angeles to ease congestion, an idea towering symbol of the peace and The firm will also use 3D printing technology to build Musk came up with while stuck in the prosperity shared by Michigan and components on site as well as assisting with assembly of the city’s notorious traffic. Canada, our most vital trading partner.” façade for the 38,000m² building.

46 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | AUGUST 2018

Tech Excellence Muscat Airport

xxxxxx

he redevelopment of Muscat International Airport is the largest project ever to be undertaken in the history of the Sultanate of Oman. The state-of-the-art Tpassenger terminal building alone is costing £1.4bn, and its design and construction was always going to be a DELIVERED major challenge. As with many Middle Eastern mega-projects, the numbers sound extraordinary. The terminal sits on a floorplate of 418,202m2 – equivalent to 80 football pitches. The structures TO ORDER required more than 31,100t of Exacting designs, and a two year warranty Few people period were among challenges facing in their career contractors building the new airport for Oman’s will be able to say capital, Muscat. Mark Hansford reports. they’ve been able to “work on a job with 240M hours worked

48 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | AUGUST 2018 The new terminal will ultimately be able to handle 48M passengers per year

structural steel – seven times the making up the final B – is mechanical amount used in the Eiffel Tower. and electrical contractor, local Omani The trusses They also required almost 520,000m3 KEY STATS firm Bahwan. proved quite a of concrete – twice that in the Burj Brightman is a Bechtel veteran of Khalifa. Over 240M hours were many a mega-project and has worked challenge in design and worked in total with a peak workforce £1.4bn on some of the biggest power station of 22,000 representing 41 different Cost of the projects in the United States. But construction nationalities. new terminal even to him, Oman stands out. “That The new Muscat International figure: 240M hours worked. To me, Airport will have the capacity to that’s the biggest accomplishment. handle 12M passengers per annum. Few people in their career will be able “the baggage handling subcontractor, 70 months Further expansions planned in three to say they’ve been able to work on a the main airline and other key subsequent phases will ultimately Length of job with 240M hours worked.” stakeholders such as the Royal Omani boost the airport’s capacity to 24M, construction The passenger terminal building Police. It was manned 24/7 in the 36M and 48M passengers. programme and maintenance yard buildings weeks leading up to the opening and Yet it opened, on time, earlier this started commercial operation in remains operational today, months year after 70 months of construction March, bang on time. And again after the switchover, albeit somewhat having set some pretty incredible Brightman is proud. “For a building scaled back. records, not least around health and of this complexity, in a country and But in the hours, days and weeks safety with, at one stage, 14M hours a region that has never had anything building up to switchover it was a worked without a lost time injury. like this, that was a phenomenal busy place, says BEB operational This achievement is testament to achievement.” readiness and airport transfer and the entire project team, led by project Brightman explains how the project third party interface manager Fatma director Jeff Brightman. The team team learned from other terminal Gobel. comprises a three-way joint venture openings around the world – not least “It was madness for a long time, but (JV) known as the BEB Consortium. Heathrow’s Terminal 5 – and set up an now it is calm,” she says. The first B and the E represents the emergency operating centre to handle But it meant that if there was an civils design and build contractor, a the opening and switchover from the issue the right decision-maker was in JV of Bechtel and Turkish contractor old terminal. Based in the centre were the room. Enka. Working alongside that JV – and the contractors, the owner/operator, In the event, there were few issues.

AUGUST 2018 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 49 Tech Excellence Muscat Airport

We have changed the way we work and even our own mentality

“The real challenges, it seems, lay in design and construction. So what made it so? Well, for a start Bechtel took on a $1.8bn (£1.4bn) lump sum contract, incorporating not just detailed design and construction, but a two-year post-opening maintenance/warranty period. That would have been pretty bold, even for a fairly bog-standard construction project – and this was much more complex. The steel structure of the passenger terminal building consists of extremely heavy curved trusses. The first challenge was production, as manufacturing such irregular components comes with its own hurdles. In the end Turkish steelwork subcontractor Cimtas successfully completed production. Transportation was also a major challenge. Due to weight constraints, the trusses were produced at Cimtas’ factory in one piece before being broken down into their component parts and shipped to site where they were welded back together on site as a pre-assembled truss ready for lifting as a “reinterpretation of traditional as possible, without getting carried into place. Omani architecture”, the building is away as we’re only paid for the This too was no mean feat. As the designed to offer a feeling of solidity KEY STATS capital costs.” weight of the trusses was substantial, but with transparency to unite the Changes forced onto the JV two 1,600t crawler cranes were used. interior and exterior, and extensive included the need to put in an To put that in context, Brightman use of traditional musharabiya 22,000 additional electrical room to bring explains that these were two of the latticed glazing to veil and filter the Number more power to the business lounges three largest crawler cranes in the light. The design also includes several of workers after a late decision was made to world. They were supplemented with internal courtyards designed to include onsite cooking facilities. 12 tower cranes at peak. represent a riyad, or garden. employed on Similarly, Brightman’s team has spent “The trusses proved quite There was also the challenge of the project the last month adding over 1,000 IT a challenge in design and retaining as much flexibility with points in the retail space. construction,” notes Brightman. the internal retail and lounge space Integrated artwork, such as Yet the erection work was safely as possible through design and 240M balustrades, glazed escalator sides, completed, notwithstanding the construction, a particular challenge Total hours glass screens, water features, stone challenges of an active runway next when you are on a lump sum carvings and patterns were all part of to the site, together with interface contract. worked the project and the attention to detail issues. “The biggest thing is trying is exacting. The heavy engineering was only to anticipate the future,” says Fiddly does not begin to cover half the battle. In keeping with the Brightman. “You won’t know the it, particularly when you also have desire for the terminal to serve as tenants, or the throughput, at the to maintain it for two years: “We a gateway to Oman, the internal start. You don’t always get it right have 75 different ceiling types here,” architecture is exacting. Described but you try and make it as flexible notes BEB warranty and planned

50 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | AUGUST 2018 a culture but it is now there. BEB’s work also included the installation of extensive mechanical and electrical systems, including a rainwater management system, the plumbing system, the fire-fighting system, cooling systems, a water feature and pools, power distribution systems, the lighting control system, the access control system, the CCTV system and the IT structured cabling system. Clearly a high degree of integration was needed. “An airport, to make it safe, reliable and predictable requires, in our scope alone, 113 systems and a lot of them interlink and all that needs to come together,” says Brightman. So how does client Oman Airports Management Company feel about it all? “We have a good relationship,” says Brightman. “We wouldn’t be able to walk this place so freely if we didn’t,” he observes. Brightman says the client is particularly pleased with the extent to which work was done by local contractors wherever possible. In the civils JV, 25% of work went to Omani firms. But it goes beyond the direct labour force. “Our on-site caterer – that was their first job. They now cater for the Royal Palace and the VIP lounges here. They own restaurants in the city centre,” explains Brightman. It’s just one example but there are maintenance manager Michael Main picture: ensured it had all the facilities you others. Gleeson. “We’ve got cherry veneer, Erecting the would expect, ranging from basics “We’ve done a lot to develop local glass mosaics, LED lighting panels… trusses required such as a 24/7 medical centre to contractors and local people,” he It’s very tough, the number of two of the cultural and recreational facilities says. “It’s fun too,” he adds. “It means transitions we have.” world’s largest including a floodlit cricket stadium. you get to meet a lot of local people It’s certainly going to be an crawler cranes This focus on worker welfare and who want to learn. So we approach interesting challenge over the next Top right: Bechtel’s “keeping safe every day” these things with open minds.” two years, and a new one for Bechtel. Bechtel was part mantra has contributed to what The effort has not gone unnoticed “The two year maintenance period is of the JV which Brightman sees as a transformation in by the client. “We are delighted that quite an intelligent thing,” observes built the new safety culture in the region. so many local people and businesses Brightman. “But it is a new experience airport “We have worked 240M hours. were a part of it – the impact runs for us. Working in an operations Bottom right: During that we have had some deep in our community, and we owe environment is a good skill to learn.” The internal incidents of safety. But right now much of that to the collaborative Worker welfare is a recurring trusses are we are 288 days without a lost time ethos and teamwork throughout,” concern in the Gulf region, but on exacting incident and that is at the end of says Oman Airports Management this project, the team believes its the project when the pressure is on. Company chief executive Sheikh approach to be exemplary. That is testament to the team and Aimen bin Ahmad Al-Hosni. The 22,000 workforce was housed the senior management and their “So far, feedback from passengers in five camps with the largest, leadership,” says Brightman. who have experienced the new Al-Azaiba, a temporary home for There are simple examples. One is airport has been overwhelmingly 12,000 people. If not quite a city in that all workers on scaffolding were positive. We’re confident Muscat its own right, it is certainly a decent- tied off so they could not fall. That, International Airport will soon rank sized town, and the project team says Brightman, took effort to instil as among the best in the world.” N

AUGUST 2018 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 51 Tech Excellence Onwave Test bed: Toulouse is leading the Hyperloop charge

Osborne says that reliable technology is essential for project SILENT delivery HELPER Using smart technology in civil engineering is only possible if sites and plant are connected and online. Mark Hansford reports.

e are a technology “What we do a lot of is taking the an increase in customer awareness of company using available services and combine them smart technology. It’s about becoming connectivity KEY FACTS in a smarter way,” says Ladbrook. a trusted advisor,” he explains, “even to achieve But the mantra of the company if there is nothing in it for us.” better business is to be more than a company that Ladbrook reels off a list of tech performance for 2 provides a comms link. It wants to start ups that Onwave is tracking our customers,” explains Onwave Terabytes of be the catalyst for the industry to and talking with, from remote drone managing director Stuart Ladbrook as innovate and use more technology. providers such as DroneDeploy W data used by he sums up why civils firms should be “We want to be that route to market and Kespry, job allocation and interested in his little black boxes. Costain across for tech start-ups,” explains Ladbrook. automation app GeoPal, site In essence that is what Onwave 40 sites each “They all rely on connectivity and visualisation tech such as Ricoh supplies: boxes of tricks that connect this is at the heart of what we do. Theta, Smartvid.io and Holobuilder, assets, construction equipment, month Connectivity is critical across all worker safety apps such as Redpoint fleets or whole sites to the Internet project phases. Positioning, SensorZone and OnGrade of Things and enable the modern- “The biggest issue is awareness,” and real-time information kits such as day aspiration to achieve smart states Ladbrook. “We’re trying to drive XoEye and Daqri. infrastructure. He is also keeping tabs on worker Their box is clever: it is a router health sensors from Pulsar, Triax and that federates different connections Spot-r and exoskeleton developer – Ethernet, Wi-Fi, 3G, 4G, ADSL and Ekso Bionics. satellite – automatically selecting the “This is all stuff that’s there now,” best available to route digital traffic We’re trying to says Ladbrook. And the benefits through the fastest service. It is a of using these technologies are service that is finding uses in a variety drive an increase plentiful,” he adds, citing a safer of different ways from providing working environment, reduced costs, comms on remote construction sites in customer awareness improved efficiency, reduced waste, to connecting fixed assets such as less errors and faster delivery. boreholes and bridges; to tracking of smart technology. Ultimately, it offers the chance for vehicle fleets and even communicating differentiation – and the chance to win with grass cutters to alert them where It’s about becoming a more work, he says. they should and should not be cutting. “ “What we know is that we can give trusted advisor

52 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | AUGUST 2018 Xxxxx xxx xxxx xxxx xxxx It ensures xxxxx xxx xxx xxx xxxx xx our employees ESSEX COUNTY COUNCIL can be properly During the winter of 2016 East on a county map. Taking data to meet legal requirements supported as well as Sussex County Council set things a step further, a small regarding public access to Onwave a challenge: to provide computer was then added to mowing schedules. allowing access to a solution that would improve the router to record real time After testing a range of “ the efficiency of its winter fleet data and combine it with GPS different mobile solutions, Costain’s internal vehicles. data to populate a database in Onwave was able to provide a the Cloud. This allowed gritter tailor-made solution. First, it network resources Subcontracting all highway schedule information to be made developed a scheduling system maintenance to a JV of Costain publicly available. that provided an interface and CH2M, East Sussex had Phase two is being rolled out between Esri’s Workforce for several objectives for its gritters. this winter. It involves installing ArcGIS workflow management better connectivity, which must in It wanted to be able to access a GIS monitoring system in all app and previous management turn increase productivity,” adds the location and exact activity of winter fleet vehicles to give systems. Data collected in Onwave founder and chief executive all vehicles at any point in time. continued activity transparency. Workforce was used to better Sean McKeague. It wanted to use telematics to More technology is allowing the manage mowing duties. Onwave is currently working carry out deep data mining and council to carry out deep-data To combat wild flower with tier one contractors such as so analyse route efficiency. And mining and to relay data via a verge mowing, a bespoke Costain, ISG and Osborne. Costain has it wanted to be able to relay network of in-vehicle tablets. Geofence solution is underway connected around 40 sites using the gritter schedule information to The successful work with the to independently supervise service, consuming on average two the public. winter fleet encouraged East the position of Workforce terabytes of data per month. Onwave suggested a multi- Sussex to let Onwave loose tablets and warn of nearby Costain group IT mobilisation phase solution to meet those on the summer fleet too. East hazards. Warning silencing manager Nick Capsticks says the objectives. In phase one, Sussex subcontracts its grass will only be possible via a service has helped his firm meet the every vehicle was fitted with cutting duties to Countrymans centrally-logged manual hazard requirements of rapidly deploying IT a multicellular router which and it was looking for ways to acknowledgement. connectivity to its projects. tracked gritters in real time via a improve the management and Finally, an interface between “It ensures our employees can be web portal. efficiency of this task. It also ArcGIS Workforce and the properly supported as well as allowing Onwave developed a software wanted to prevent the accidental county council’s website has access to Costain’s internal network platform using the data from the mowing of SSI wild flower been developed to inform the resources. Our joint venture partners router to show exact locations verges and wanted to gather public of all schedules. and subcontractors also benefit by having access to high speed internet access on day-one of landing on site,” he says. Similarly Osborne, with a wide variety of locations and different needs at each site, was also struggling to get reliable internet access for all of its construction projects. “Previously we would install ADSL, but the lead times are unpredictable and could be anything from weeks to several months. These delays and uncertainties add significant frustration and cost to our projects,” explains Osborne head of IT Phil Gilbey. “Part of ensuring that projects are completed on time and on budget is delivering complete and accurate construction information to our teams on site, as plans are regularly updated and things are always being refined and finalised. “So it’s absolutely essential that those plans are delivered to the site as Onwave enabled Sussex County Council to better coordinate its fleet soon as they become available.” N

AUGUST 2018 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 53 GETTING STARTED PROJECT INITIATION BY FIONA MCINTYRE

DEBATE BACKGROUND

£3.5bn 30 years £31bn Amount The period Amount needed of funding covered by for major Transport for the National urban transport London will Infrastructure capacity lose by 2021 Assessment programmes READ MORE DEBATES AT NEWCIVILENGINEER.COM/NCE-LIVE

lthough the construction phase of a project can have its challenges, major infrastructure schemes are increasingly finding themselves stumbling at the early stages. APlans for Heathrow’s third runway may GETTING have been approved by Parliament recently but they still face the threat of a judicial review. Crossrail 2’s timetable is up in the air while it is scrutinised by a government- commissioned independent finance review. These issues mean that project inception is becoming a key stage in the lifecycle of a major infrastructure scheme – and it STARTED brings complex challenges. Finding the right funding for a project, winning political support and engaging with communities Tavares: Transport for London is having to seek private finance to pay for some of its major projects which are sometimes hostile to a scheme are vital skills for modern engineers. itself and its passengers for income. Royal HaskoningDHV environmental But passenger numbers have fallen in Finding the right consultancy director Matthew Hunt says that recent years. “It’s true to say that we are in a achieving success with a scheme over the really difficult position going forward,” says funding for a long-term means that it is vital to make good TfL head of MPO, major projects directorate decisions early in a project’s life. Subash Tavares. project, winning political “I think one thing that my team is very It means projects like the £1bn Silvertown support and engaging conscious of is that if we do not get stuff Tunnel planned for east London will have to right early, we spend a lot of money trying to find funding from private investment. with communities which get something right. If we get it right at the Several firms are in the running to design, start, people are much less upset about it build, finance and maintain the 1.6km twin- “ are sometimes hostile to a and it would go more smoothly,” he says. bore tunnel, which will be tolled. Ferrovial- “There is a strong drive towards getting it owned Cintra Global and Hochtief are still scheme are vital skills right first time, but we are on the way to that in the race to win the contract, which TfL rather than being there.” expects to award in spring 2019, after a While getting projects right first time Skanska/Strabag joint venture pulled out in is ideal, many would agree it is not March. always possible – especially when facing However, the project comes with some unprecedented circumstances. In 2015, a government review resulted in Transport for London (TfL) facing a loss of £3.5bn in funding over the next five years. NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE ASSESSMENT This year, 2018/19, is the first year TfL is operating without a government grant, and it is navigating a future where it will rely on The National Infrastructure Commission Currently the NIC advises the government (NIC) released the UK’s first ever National on the country’s infrastructure needs, but it Infrastructure Assessment (NIA) in July, has no power to enforce its recommendations. setting out the UK’s infrastructure priorities Last month Ramboll UK managing director I think one thing for the next 30 years. Mathew Riley told New Civil Engineer that the NIC should have greater powers to make that my team is very Among other things, it said the government sure its recommendations happen. “The NIC must ensure that the impact of connected has access to all the right industry experts conscious of is that if we and autonomous vehicles is taken into and yet it only has a voice, so the government account when planning for the next road and can either choose to listen to that voice or to do not get stuff right early, rail investment programmes. It also advised the ignore it,” he said. “I think it needs to be given we spend a lot of money government to develop a long-term strategy to stronger powers than that to determine and deliver a nationwide flood resilience standard actually plan long-term infrastructure needs, “ by 2050 with flood risk management funding and help the Treasury plan for those long-term trying to get something increasing significantly over the coming decades. infrastructure needs.” right

AUGUST 2018 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 55 Debate Project Initiation

I think there’s a DEBATE PARTICIPANTS complexity in the

This report is based on a round table way we are siloed, in terms discussion which took place in London in July. The participants were: of the way we invest and

Patrick Hebbard director of transport, deliver projects Royal HaskoningDHV UK “ Matthew Hunt environmental consultancy director, Royal HaskoningDHV role,” he says. Paul Mackie strategic funding “Bringing insurers to the table is really manager, Coastal Partnership East important to get them up to speed, to get Helen Samuels infrastructure projects them to understand what we do.” Samuels: Industry must be more cohesive engineering director, Network Rail But Hunt disagrees, claiming there has Stephen Cox head of economic and been an awakening in the fi nancial sector risks. When transport secretary Chris social development, Mott MacDonald recently. “In the last few years there has Grayling granted a development consent Subash Tavares head of MPO, been a real groundswell in the fi nance sector order (DCO) for the scheme in May this year, Transport for London major projects about the issue of physical risk,” he says. he admitted that several conditions attached directorate “I’m feeling much less sceptical and to the order could delay the opening of the Jonathon Turton director, Arup slightly more optimistic than I have been.” tunnel in 2023. Yohanna Weber partner, Fieldfisher In June experts from Mott MacDonald According to Tavares, attracting Michaela Winter-Taylor senior sat down with New Civil Engineer and private investment can be diffi cult as the associate, Gensler others to discuss how the fi nance industry shareholders of a company which is bidding Mark Hansford editor, New Civil is becoming far more involved in green must be persuaded to take the risk. Engineer infrastructure, with climate-related risk “I think we are going to face some real reporting becoming increasingly important challenging times in raising money to secure In association with to investors. future benefi t,” says Tavares. For Mott MacDonald head of economic So how can engineers attract and secure and social development Stephen Cox, the fi nance for infrastructure schemes? For real problem is not with fi nancing schemes. Arup director Jonathon Turton, it is all Rather, it is that the UK is lacking an about reducing risk. “If you want to fi nance overarching strategy for how we prepare for something using private money at a good new infrastructure schemes that are needed and sensible margin, you need to de-risk the as a result of increased demand. revenue stream,” he says. “We have lots of engineers, but how do we “The thing that’s missing is a national plan East of England local authority group convince someone else to give us money?” for infrastructure,” says Cox. “The places Coastal Partnership East’s funding manager he asks. that succeed are the places that plan for the Paul Mackie explains that attitudes to fi nancing “People realise you have got to start growth.” are changing in the fl ood protection sector. knocking on doors to convince people of the The recent publication of the National In 2011 the Treasury cut the amount of value of fl ood and coastal defence to their Infrastructure Assessment does exactly that, funding it gave to the Environment Agency. business. offering a proposal for how to respond to the Although Mackie says weaning the sector “Rather than just designing really fantastic country’s infrastructure needs over the next off grants has been tough, it has forced bits of engineering, how can we make sure 30 years. For many it is a step towards taking engineers to focus on fi nancing and how to that that bit of engineering is fundable?” a more strategic view. get it. Mackie says this change in attitude And Network Rail infrastructure projects has shifted engineers’ attention towards engineering director Helen Samuels says the wider societal impact of a scheme. that the way we structure the industry must Regeneration is seen as a way to fi nance become more cohesive. People realise you coastal fl ood protection work, so that whole “I think there’s a complexity in the way we projects must work in a way which will bring are siloed, in terms of the way we invest and have got to start money and opportunities to struggling towns. deliver projects,” she says. Mackie also points out that the insurance “We don’t even consider transport; we knocking on doors to industry is an untapped source of income for consider roads, rail and others. So we’re convince people of the fl ood defence schemes seeking third party really fragmented.” funding – after all, most insurers have large Whether the National Infrastructure value of fl ood and coastal assets they are willing to protect. Commission will address this and succeed “I think the insurance sector hasn’t woken in infl uencing government policy remains to “ up, certainly in the UK, to how it can play a be seen. defence to their business

56 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | AUGUST 2018 ENTRIES DEADLINE: 24 AUGUST 2018 RECOGNISING THE NEXT GENERATION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS ENTRIES NOW OPEN

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NCE Grads Advert.indd 1 20/07/2018 14:38 DELIVERY DRIVERS INNOVATION IN TRANSPORT BY FIONA MCINTYRE

DEBATE BACKGROUND

923 1.5bn 40% Typical trips Number of Percentage of made per person railway journeys pay as you go per year made in the journeys in UK in 2012, London made surpassing the by contactless previous record payment set in 1923 READ MORE DEBATES AT NEWCIVILENGINEER.COM/NCE-LIVE

s the march towards digitisation strides on, the We need to optimise transport sector must do more to keep up. But how can we as we go forward, encourage innovation in our industry, and what would it and I have no doubt that look like? technology is going to be AOver the coming decades, populations will DELIVERY be putting increasing pressure on transport our answer networks in cities. In the UK, London’s population is expected to increase from “ more than 8M today to an estimated 13M by to plateau. Sharracks believes big data could 2050. hold the answer. Although hard infrastructure will be “With the amount of data TfL and other needed to accommodate the upswing in operators have access to, there is an numbers, digital innovation will have a major enormous possibility for variable fares to DRIVERS impact. suit variable days of the week, times of day,” Transport for London (TfL) head of MPO, Tavares: Big data can help tackle congestion he says. major projects directorate Subash Tavares “I actually think that even without much explains how TfL is using technology to “The amount of data we are managing new technology, good use of data can tackle rising congestion, with smart traffic is huge, and if we can be more efficient at actually start shaping what it is we need to systems and the use of big data making the how we do things through that data without predict by managing and understanding the biggest impact. breaching the Data Protection Act, that’s whole ride.” “We’ve got it all going on in a very where I think we can add value as well.” While highways operators do not need to definitive space so we need to optimise Other UK cities look to TfL to show it the worry about ticketing issues, roads will not as we go forward, and I have no doubt way in how to use digital innovation, says escape the effects of digital innovation. that technology is going to be our answer,” Transport for the North integrated and Autonomous vehicles are coming, but are he says. smart travel director Alastair Richards. generally agreed to be decades away. Right “I think we are lucky that London has now, said Highways England project director, blazed a trail for us,” says Richards, adding complex infrastructure programme David Oyster cards and ticketless payments Bray, the transition to smart motorways is are something other regions are keen to providing a blueprint for engineers to follow emulate. However, Richards points out in years to come. that London’s success would not translate “As we learn from that [setting up smart everywhere – in the North there are up to motorways] we will be far better and quicker 400 different operators which do not all have to create additional capacity. One of the regulated fares, making it difficult to set up a advantages of smart motorways is that contactless payment system. it creates additional capacity; one of the But ticketing systems must catch up. For advantages of autonomous vehicles is that every region, behavioural changes brought they also create additional capacity”. on by an increasingly digital world have One key similarity between the road and thrown up new challenges for rail operators. rail networks is that customers wan t more London Bridge Associates director David Sharracks explains how working from home has shaped the rail industry in recent years. “Over the last few years there has been a Whyte: Feeding data back into design change in the way our people work,” he says. “It’s not because of lack of economic activity; it’s because we’ve moved the economic activity.” We are looking at In the past, commuters knew they would be making a journey on five days of the week, how we can take and so a season ticket made sense. But with more workers choosing flexible working, data about operation and such as working from home one or more days per week, a season ticket no longer maintenance use and bring meets customers’ needs. them back into design Flexible working is starting to affect TfL passenger numbers . After years of growing “ ridership, passenger numbers have started Ranganathan: Cyber security questions processes

AUGUST 2018 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 59 Debate Transport

DEBATE PARTICIPANTS

This report is based on a round table discussion which took place at New Civil Engineer’s transport conference in London in July. The participants were:

David Bray project director, complex infrastructure programme, Highways England Thomas Clarkson-Williams highways asset manager Birmingham City Ewen: Industrialising construction is vital Council Dunne: Traditional procurement stifl es Darren Cook director of operations, control over their journeys – and more Jacobs UK control means better use of data. Nick Dunne director of technology Industrialising With the rise of apps such as CityMapper, and QEHS, Siemens construction is one passengers are becoming accustomed to Rob Ewen delivery director, Heathrow knowing exactly how long they will wait for Expansion Programme of the key things we can do the next bus or train. Reliable information Mark Hansford editor, New Civil requires reliable data, which Bray says Engineer Highways England has been focusing on Bharath Ranganathan R&D recently. programme manager, Siemens “We are looking at how we can take data But digital innovation does not just affect Alastair Richards integrated and “about operation and maintenance use and passenger behaviour and ticketing. Bray smart travel director, Transport for bring them back into design processes,” explains how Highways England’s major the North she says. “I think the innovation in Crossrail infrastructure schemes, such as the £1.5bn David Sharracks director, London is a good example of bringing some ideas Stonehenge Tunnel, are using data to work Bridge Associates about innovation from academia into a very effi ciently with a supply chain which is based Subash Tavares head of MPO, major practical setting to deal with the changing across the world. projects directorate, Transport for pace of technology and the changing pace of According to Bray, a tool called RBI creates London delivering infrastructure.” an almost real-time data stream which can Jennifer Whyte professor of For Heathrow Expansion Programme be accessed across the project, meaning engineering, Imperial College London delivery director Rob Ewen, offsite important decisions can be made with manufacturing – which Heathrow plans to confi dence. In association with champion with its four offsite logistics sites “Having that one source of truth is it will use during expansion – is another area so important when we have such big which will bring big gains to the transport programmes on the horizon,” he says. industry. For Siemens research and development “Industrialising construction is one of the programme manager Bharath Ranganathan, key things we can do,” he says, adding that big data throws up questions around cyber in highways, smart motorway schemes are security which the industry must get better questioning whether customers are fully aware creating an example of better effi ciency by at tackling. of data control issues. standardising the gantry designs, freeing up “Yes there’s big data available, but how’s “There’s all these areas that need to be more time for other areas of the project. that going to be managed?” says Ranganathan, addressed from a customer perspective, and But despite the innovations already taking whilst it’s heartening at this level…to see place in transport, some are cautious that that level of support, I think from a day-to- the procurement process could hold new day working perspective that’s still a long transport innovations back. Having that one way away.” Siemens director of technology and QEHS The importance of data in infrastructure Nick Dunne believes that while there is a source of truth is so is an area Imperial College London professor focus on accountability in procurement, the of engineering Jennifer Whyte is particularly red tape can sometimes get in the way of important when we have interested in. supporting innovation and taking on risk. such big programmes on Working with the Alan Turing Institute, “Particularly in rail, we’re absolutely stifl ed Whyte is exploring how better use of data by this traditional procurement process,” says “the horizon can make design more effi cient. Dunne. “And it’s getting worse.” 60 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | AUGUST 2018 Tech Bites NEW INNOVATIONS THAT WILL TRANSFORM YOUR PROJECTS NEWCIVILENGINEER.COM/TECH-EXCELLENCE

SAFETY EXOSKELETON TO HELP WORKERS AVOID BACK INJURIES

A tech firm has come up with a quirky new way to help prevent injury to manual workers. The Mate Fit for Work exoskeleton can be worn by workers to support their arms and backs, lowering the risk of back injury – one of the most common construction injuries. Designed by Comau, the ergonomic back and shoulder support is designed to work like “a second skin”, mimicking the wearer’s movements and allowing them to perform repetitive tasks safely for longer. “We believe that the industrial sector will represent about one third of the exoskeleton’s applications,” said Comau vice president for robotics and automation products Tobias Daniel.

MATERIALS TRANSPORT WATER CRUSHED BALFOUR BEATTY LEAK DETECTING SNIFFER DOGS COMPUTER LAUNCHES NEW TO BECOME MORE WIDELY USED KEYBOARDS RAIL INNOVATION RESURFACE ROADS CENTRE

Hard-to-recycle plastics like Balfour Beatty has launched computer keyboards and its new rail innovation centre monitors are being crushed in Derby. Built to develop its into Coventry roads in a trial to digital rail concept, the cut plastic pollution and carbon purpose-built facility will emissions. Two roads in the city focus on its latest have been resurfaced with developments in measurement material using two types of systems, “predict & prevent” plastic pellet as a binding agent. technology, signalling and Another section of road has data science. It will also Leak-detecting sniffer dogs detect traces of chlorine used to been resurfaced with “rubber develop software products could soon be a familiar tool for disinfect water, saving engineers crumbs” from old vehicle tyres. including a range of Omnicom water firms after the handlers of time searching for leaking pipes Each section will be monitored products which monitor track, United Utilities’ sniffer dog Snipe and helping them bring down the for signs of wear and tear, but and AssetView which said they were training up five amount of water lost to leaking the council believes the plastic optimises data collected to more dogs (New Civil Engineer infrastructure. Snipe is now and rubber roads will be harder predict and prevent failures last month). United Utilities’ training an apprentice, fellow wearing than asphalt. from occurring. leak-detecting dog Snipe can cocker spaniel Denzel.

AUGUST 2018 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 61 Institution of Civil Engineers Record

ICE200 Civils celebrated on Northern Ireland TV A new eight part television series examines civil engineering past and present, with input from ICE Northern Ireland

ICE Northern Ireland has helped for granted. Yet without that produce an eight part television essential infrastructure, series celebrating the ICE’s modern life would simply not be 200th anniversary for Northern possible. The civil engineers who Ireland’s UTV. have made them have moved Ulster Giants is a celebration mountains and spanned valleys of ICE 200 and the incredible so that we may transport our civil engineers who have shaped goods, travel beyond our own The series features several historically significant Northern Ireland’s past, present shores and live our lives in safety civil engineering sites in Northern Ireland and future. It opens with the day to day. The Institution of Civil following voiceover: Engineers is this year marking 200 depth interviews with a diverse Sites featured include such “Roads and bridges, canals years of its own existence, so it’s group of ICE Northern Ireland as the Thompson Dock and and viaducts, railways and high time we began to celebrate contributors. Joe Mahon, who Ballycopeland Windmill. harbours, water-towers, their gigantic achievements in hosts the programme, is a local Emerging technologies such as tunnels and dams – so much this part of the world.” television presenter known for augmented and virtual reality a part our landscape that we The series covers more than a his knowledge of history and are also examined. scarcely see them anymore dozen heritage and modern civil his deep appreciation for civil l Ulster Giants begins on and we certainly take them engineering sites, featuring in- engineers. 23 July on UTV at 8pm,

INFRASTRUCTURE DIGITAL KNOWLEDGE SUSTAINABILITY NIA sets out Digital ICE launches Report highlights strategic approach to transformation new online civil UK’s sustainability infrastructure report published engineering bookshop shortcomings

The ICE has welcomed the A new report has been ICE Publishing, the ICE’s A report from lobby group UK publication of the National published, giving a snapshot publishing arm, has launched Stakeholders for Sustainable Infrastructure Assessment of the UK infrastructure its new online bookshop for Development has highlighted (NIA), recognising the industry in an effort to inform civil engineering books and the UK’s underperformance need for a clear strategic the development of a national publications. The new website against the UN Sustainable approach to infrastructure. It’s digital transformation strategy. features better navigation and Development Goals (SDGs), recommendations echo those Led by Mott MacDonald and search functions. Customers including those which relate in ICE’s own National Needs the Infrastructure Client can now search from anywhere to the built environment. ICE Assessment. It said resilient Group, it was launched at a on the website by title, author, sustainability leadership team infrastructure is vital to bring digital transformation event editor, ISBN, civil engineering member Judith Sykes, who about a more sustainable hosted by the ICE in July. keywords, and even book co-authored the chapter on future for Britain’s ageing, and The report assesses the descriptions. Account SDG9: industry, innovation and growing population. ICE director industry’s readiness for digital management has also been infrastructure, said: “Achieving general Nick Baveystock, said transformation and says that improved, allowing customers sustainability and radical that industry, clients and owners and supply chain to view more order information, reductions in greenhouse gas government departments must members must act to capitalise and save items. The new emissions requires existing now work together to make the on this opportunity to move the website can be found at infrastructure to be renewed or NIA’s recommendations a reality. industry into the future. www.icebookshop.com. replaced.”

62 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | AUGUST 2018 MORE ICE NEWS GO TO NEWCIVILENGINEER.COM/ICE

MIDLANDS VIEW PUSHING THE INFRASTRUCTURE AGENDA

The first seven months of 2018 have been Having the responsibility heavily loaded with activities for the East and authority for and West Midlands planning infrastructure also regions. During February half-term, requires the financial capability TV personality Rob with episodes airing each Molly Bell hosted our Pitch and flexibility to plan long-term Monday at 8pm until 10 McKenzie 200 competition at the “ September. Viewers outside Midlands Arts Centre in freight, giving the Midlands-based supply chain Northern Ireland can watch Birmingham, capturing access to over 90% of the UK’s population within on the ITV Hub www.itv.com/ the attention of a non-engineering audience. a four hour drive. East Midlands Airport is the utvprogrammes by entering We have celebrated the work of our members second largest pure air cargo handler and our the Northern Ireland postcode across the regions with two award ceremonies ports handle over 55M.t each year. BT9 6SX. and annual dinners. In the spirit of ICE 200, both We support the call for devolution of regional featured new award categories that celebrate infrastructure planning, enabling combined the contributions of individual “invisible authorities to decide what infrastructure is superheroes”. We also gave a one-off “Shaping needed, where and when. However, having the World” award for projects from the past 50 the responsibility and authority for planning PASS LISTS, BYLAW 15 years which have contributed greatly to the infrastructure also requires the financial improvement of people’s lives in the regions. capability and flexibility to plan long-term and As New Civil Engineer is now Last month the Midlands regions participated attract investment from the private sector. We published monthly, the names in the ICE’s Explore Engineering weekend. are looking forward to the publication of the of candidates recently awarded a Members of the public were engaged on two ICE’s State of the Nation report in October which professional qualification with ICE days of cycle tours of Nottingham city centre led focuses on investment in infrastructure. will only be published online at by Nottingham Cycle Tours. The Staffordshire The Midlands is the largest and fastest www.newcivilengineer.com/latest/ branch led a guided tour of the Trent and Mersey growing economic region outside London so icenews. They will no longer be Canal while in Worcester, our members gave our infrastructure needs to harness the latest published in the print edition. guided tours of the Riverside Engineering trail. technology to improve the customer journey

We also launched two self-guided trails covering experience. The ICE is collaborating with other The pass lists will also be published the bridges of Newark and Nottingham and parties to be at the leading edge of developing on ICE’s website, along with the the Nottingham works of Thomas Hawksley, a new generation of digital infrastructure, to names of all candidates applying highlighting his development of a pumped water improve the ability for people all across the for professionally qualified system to ensure clean water for city residents. Midlands to interact and connect seamlessly. membership (Bylaw 15). Both It is no surprise that our engineering tours On 7 November in Nottingham, we are hosting a can be viewed at www.ice.org.uk/ highlighted Midlands transport networks. joint debate with the East Midlands Engineering bylaw15 under “newest qualified These rail and canal systems were the great and Science Professionals on how engineers can member”. Lists will remain on the workhorses of the industrial revolution that influence these decisions. More details will be site for 28 days. To view lists on powered the nation forward. Now, our rail available on the ICE website nearer the time. the New Civil Engineer website, network serves 53M annual rail passenger l Molly McKenzie is ICE East Midlands and West visit www.newcivilengineer.com/ journeys and our roads carry 33% of heavy Midlands regional director latest/icenews

AUGUST 2018 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 63 Institution of Civil Engineers Record

GOVERNANCE ICE: New governance proposals approved New members elected to ICE Council

Results of the ICE’s Council Elections were announced at its AGM on 17 July 2018. Eleven new Council members were elected to take the Institution forward. Newly elected members will take office from 6 November 2018. General members Blessing Danha MEng (Hons) GOVERNANCE CEng MICE Lucy Rew MEng (Hons) CEng MICE Results of ICE membership Neil Sandberg BSc (Hons) MBA CEng FICE John Beck MBA CEng FICE FRICS ballot announced MCIArb DipLaw Martin Crapper BSc MSc PhD CEng FICE CWEM MPWI ICE members were asked to this resolution. l Resolutions 6 and 7 related MCIWEM FHEA vote on resolutions concerning l Resolution 2 related to to proposed amendments to Regional members the governance structure of the proposed amendments to the the by-laws and disciplinary East Midlands: Edward Bingham Institution, streamlining of the by-laws to allow for regulations regulations. The change will BEng (Hons) PGCert CEng FICE By-laws and new continuing to be made, amended or draw certain disciplinary West Midlands: Mark James professional development (CPD) rescinded by the Trustee Board. items from the by-laws into the Downes MSc BEng CEng MICE requirements. Currently, changes cannot come disciplinary regulations. As Northern Ireland: Brenda Marie Results of the membership into operation until these have above, the change will enable O’Loan BEng (Hons) CEng MICE ballot were announced at the been approved by a member the ICE to streamline its by-laws. MAPM MIEI ICE’s AGM on 17 July 2018. ballot. As the majority of the More than 82% voted in favour North West: Jeffrey Ashurst BSc Members were asked to vote changes are procedural, giving of resolutions 6 and 7. (Hons) CEng FICE MAPM on nine resolutions affecting the Trustees authority to l Resolutions 8 and 9 related South West: Gary Cutts BEng the ICE’s Royal Charter, by-laws, make these changes (as many to proposed amendments to (Hons) CEng FICE MAPM admission and disciplinary other professional engineering the by-laws and admission MCInstCES regulations. Members approved institutions have done) will regulations to accommodate Graduate member all nine resolutions. enable the ICE to operate more an Engineering Council Giedre Jurkonyte MEng (Hons) l Resolution 1 related to efficiently. Sixty nine per cent requirement for all members GMICE proposed amendments to voted in favour of this resolution. to record their CPD. The l For further information go the Royal Charter, by-laws l Resolutions 3 to 5 related requirement comes into to: www.ice.org.uk/news-and- and regulations to change to proposed amendments to effect in January 2019 and the insight/latest-ice-news/results- the governance structure of the Royal Charter, by-laws and change will ensure that the ICE council-elections-2018 the Institution. The change admission regulations. The continues to be licensed by the will see a smaller, more agile change will draw admission, Engineering Council. Trustee Board of 12 becoming qualification and training More than 71% voted in responsible and accountable items from the by-laws into favour of resolutions 8 and 9. for all activities of the ICE the admission regulations Total votes cast were 3,954 of supported by a new Council, which would then be renamed 44,437 eligible, representing elected by, and representative “admission, qualification and an 8.9% return, up on the 7.5% of, the membership, responsible training regulations”. The return in the last ballot in 2016. for delivering advisory and audit change will enable the ICE to l For further information go functions as well as scrutinising streamline its by-laws. More to www.ice.org.uk/news-and- the performance of the Trustee than 80% voted in favour of insight/latest-ice-news/results- Board. 70.8% voted in favour of resolutions 3, 4, and 5. membership-ballot

64 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | AUGUST 2018 Institution of Civil Engineers Record

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EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD FOR THE FUTURE Rachel Skinner (chair), Bill Grose, Alan Clucas, Andrew Mylius, Martin Knights, Mike Napier, Miles Ashley, Rob Naybour, Tim Chapman, Tony Gates, Zakiyya Adam, Aimi Elias, John Dillon, David Caiden, Fay Bull, Sophie McPhilips, Stephen Wells, Jennifer Cooke, Simon Creer Modern concepts of transport interchange It will be interesting Magazine of the often shroud Institution of Civil Engineers simple user needs to see how the High 1 Great George Street, London SW1P 3AA with architectural 020 7222 7722 | www.ice.org.uk embellishment and Speed 2 interchange designs ICE MEMBERS’ ADDRESS multiple levels of Mike change over the next decade CHANGES/ SUBSCRIPTIONS heavily engineered QUERIES Chrimes tunnels and crossings. www.ice.org.uk/myice to update your However, the concept Following the success of the Liverpool and address quickly online. For subscription itself has underpinned “Manchester Railway, the rapid development of queries, please phone 020 7665 human activity for centuries. the railway highlighted the challenge of designing 2227, or email [email protected] It is easy to overlook the sophistication of sustainable interchanges in a fast-changing SUBSCRIPTIONS historic examples but coaching inns were an transport environment. Totally inadequate For subscription queries contact; important element of the British turnpike road planning for passengers was characteristic of the dsb.net Ltd, 3 Queensbridge, network. Travellers could hire or stable their own early railways and became a major contributor to Northampton NN4 7BF Telephone: 01604 828 705 horses and join regular coach services, while the increased costs. coach operators could change horses and drivers, Both terminal stations on the Liverpool and All rights reserved © 2018 New Civil fi nd food and drink, and perhaps deliver and take Manchester Railway soon became redundant Engineer. Published by EMAP a member on mail. The facilities would also have been used for passenger traffi c. The inconvenience of of the Metropolis Group. Metropolis by carters, the equivalent of modern road hauliers. Crown Street on the outskirts of Liverpool led Group respects the privacy of every They are perhaps not what we would envisage to an expensive tunnel to Lime Street by 1835. person for whom we have personal today – and all at one level – but the speed and Lime Street itself was rebuilt three times in the data. We comply with data protection effi ciency of a number of operations would have nineteenth century. legislation such as the Data Protection Act 1998 and the General Data served a variety of users and evidently drove profi t The story of railway station design has been one Protection Regulations which regulates for facility owners. of continual redundancy as new transport methods the processing of data and ensures At the peak of the turnpike road network, have advanced. that your data is processed fairly and another ancient transport system – inland It will be interesting to see how the High lawfully, is kept secure and only that data waterways – received considerable investment. Speed 2 interchange designs change over the necessary for any processing is kept. Traditional river navigations involved the interface next decade as they adapt to the app world and You can see our privacy policy at www. between land transport and water, and associated accommodation for revived bicycle use, as well metropolis.co.uk/privacy craneage and goods and passenger handling. To as moving people vertically and horizontally on understand the scale of this activity, the frequent already congested sites. In that sense, the enduring Printed by Precision Colour Printing Ltd, Telford. Registered as a newspaper “zones portuaires” and riverside factories can nature of the simple riverside interchanges that with the Post Offi ce ISSN 0307-7683; be seen alongside the great river navigations of survive is perhaps the ideal. Nobody wants to walk Issue No: 2064. Statements made or Europe, such as the Rhine and the Danube. miles underground or climb walkways and as the opinions expressed in New Civil Engineer Diffi culties in bringing heavy goods to the early railway planners soon realised, this can be an do not necessarily refl ect the views of ICE nearest river navigation were one factor in expensive frustration. The HS1/HS2 compromise Council or ICE committees the development of early railways from the in central London has had plenty of unfortunate seventeenth century, initially using gravity and precedents. horse haulage with wooden rails. l Mike Chrimes is a civil engineering historian

AUGUST 2018 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 65 Careers CONTACT EMMA PHILLIPS 020 3953 2221 [email protected]

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