DOCSLIB.ORG

The Covid-19 Funding Gap: the Case for Continuing Support for Urban Public Transport

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Covid-19 Funding Gap: the Case for Continuing Support for Urban Public Transport Report September 2020 The Covid-19 Funding Gap: The Case for Continuing Support for Urban Public Transport Urban Transport Group Our ref: 23930401 Report September 2020 The Covid-19 Funding Gap: The Case for Continuing Support for Urban Public Transport Prepared by: Prepared for: Steer Urban Transport Group 67 Albion Street Wellington House Leeds LS1 5AA 40-50 Wellington Street Leeds LS1 2DE +44 113 389 6400 www.steergroup.com Our ref: 23930401 Steer has prepared this material for Urban Transport Group. This material may only be used within the context and scope for which Steer has prepared it and may not be relied upon in part or whole by any third party or be used for any other purpose. Any person choosing to use any part of this material without the express and written permission of Steer shall be deemed to confirm their agreement to indemnify Steer for all loss or damage resulting therefrom. Steer has prepared this material using professional practices and procedures using information available to it at the time and as such any new information could alter the validity of the results and conclusions made. The Covid-19 Funding Gap: The Case for Continuing Support for Urban Public Transport | Report Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................. i Overview .............................................................................................................................. i Public Transport Pre-Covid .................................................................................................. i Public Transport During Covid .............................................................................................ii Future Public Transport Demand ........................................................................................ii A Cliff Edge End to Financial Support ................................................................................. iv The Case for Continuing Support ....................................................................................... iv 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1 2 Public Transport Pre Covid ........................................................................................ 3 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 3 Public Transport Use Pre Covid .......................................................................................... 3 Case Study: Manchester Metrolink .................................................................................... 7 Who uses Public Transport ................................................................................................. 9 The Importance of Local Public Transport ....................................................................... 15 Why Bus Matters .............................................................................................................. 16 How PT services are provided .......................................................................................... 16 Government and Local Public Transport – Policy Position ............................................... 22 LTAs and Local Public Transport ....................................................................................... 25 3 Public Transport During Covid ................................................................................. 30 Bus .................................................................................................................................... 30 Operating Public Transport during Covid ......................................................................... 30 Covid-19 Bus Services Support Grant ............................................................................... 33 Bus Service Operators Grant (BSOG) ................................................................................ 34 Concessionary Fares Reimbursement .............................................................................. 34 Light Rail ........................................................................................................................... 36 Metrolink Case Study ....................................................................................................... 36 Nexus – Tyne and Wear Metro Patronage ....................................................................... 38 National Rail ..................................................................................................................... 40 4 Public Transport Post Covid ..................................................................................... 41 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 41 September 2020 The Covid-19 Funding Gap: The Case for Continuing Support for Urban Public Transport | Report Economic Outlook ............................................................................................................ 42 Local Public Transport Patronage ..................................................................................... 45 5 The Case for Public Support ..................................................................................... 50 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 50 Objectives ......................................................................................................................... 51 End of Support .................................................................................................................. 52 6 Options for Future Arrangements for Providing Public Support to Local Public Transport ................................................................................................................ 57 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 57 Local Bus ........................................................................................................................... 58 Light Rail and Tram ........................................................................................................... 58 Summary........................................................................................................................... 65 Figures Figure 2.1: Bus Patronage – 1955 to the Present Day .................................................................. 4 Figure 2.2: Bus Vehicle Miles – 1987 to the Present Day ............................................................. 5 Figure 2.3: Bus Fares Index – 2005 to Present Day ...................................................................... 5 Figure 2.4: Mode Share for trips into Manchester City Centre .................................................... 9 Figure 2.5: Why People Travel by Bus (Outside London) ........................................................... 10 Figure 2.6: Propensity to Use Bus (by Age) ................................................................................ 11 Figure 2.7: Bus trips made by age brackets (Full population) .................................................... 12 Figure 2.8: Bus trips made by age brackets (Male) .................................................................... 12 Figure 2.9: Bus trips made by age brackets (Female) ................................................................. 13 Figure 2.10: Bus trips by income quintile ................................................................................... 13 Figure 2.11: Why People Travel by Tram (Outside London) ....................................................... 14 Figure 2.12: Propensity to Use Tram (by Age) ............................................................................ 14 Figure 2.13: Propensity to Use Tram (By Household Income) .................................................... 15 Figure 2.14: Breakdown of English (non-London) bus revenue (2018/19 prices) ...................... 20 Figure 3.1: Non London Bus Usage as a percentage of pre Covid levels (7 day moving average) .................................................................................................................................................... 35 Figure 3.2: Metrolink Usage as a percentage of pre Covid levels (7 day moving average) ........ 37 September 2020 The Covid-19 Funding Gap: The Case for Continuing Support for Urban Public Transport | Report Figure 3.3: Tyne and Wear Metro Usage as a percentage of pre Covid levels (7 day moving average) ...................................................................................................................................... 39 Figure 4.1: Bank of England Monetary Policy Committee Quarterly GDP Projections .............. 44 Figure 4.2: Bank of England Monetary Policy Committee Quarterly Unemployment Projections .................................................................................................................................................... 44 Figure 4.3: Cycles of Lockdown Scenario – Push and Pull Factors .............................................. 45 Figure 4.4: Vaccine Scenario – Push and Pull Factors ................................................................. 45 Tables Table 2.1: English Light Rail and Tram Outside London (2018/19
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Manchester Metrolink Tram System
    Feature New Promise of LRT Systems Manchester Metrolink Tram System William Tyson Introduction to Greater city that could be used by local rail into the city centre either in tunnel or on Manchester services—taking them into the central the street. area—to complete closure and I carried out an appraisal of these options The City of Manchester (pop. 500,000) is replacement of the services by buses. Two and showed that closure of the lines had at the heart of the Greater Manchester options were to convert some heavy rail a negative benefit-to-cost ratio, and that— conurbation comprised of 10 lines to light rail (tram) and extend them at the very least—they should be kept municipalities that is home to 2.5 million people. The municipalities appoint a Passenger Transport Authority (PTA) for the Figure 1 Metrolink Future Network whole area to set policies and the Greater 1 Victoria Manchester Passenger Transport Executive 2 Shudehill 3 Market Street Rochdale Town Centre 4 Mosley Street (GMPTE) to implement them. Buses Newbold Manchester 5 Piccadilly Gardens Drake Street Piccadilly Kingsway Business Park 6 Rochdale provide most public transport. They are 7 St Peter's Square Railway Milnrow Station deregulated and can compete with each 8 G-Max (for Castlefield) Newhey London 9 Cornbrook other and with other modes. There is a 0 Pomona Bury - Exchange Quay local rail network serving Manchester, and = Salford Quays Buckley Wells ~ Anchorage ! Harbour City linking it with the surrounding areas and @ Broadway Shaw and Crompton # Langworthy also other regions of the country. Street $ Tradfford Bar trams vanished from Greater Manchester % Old Trafford Radcliffe ^ Wharfside* & Manchester United* in 1951, but returned in a very different * Imperial War Museum for the North* ( Lowry Centre form in 1992.
    [Show full text]
  • The Report from Passenger Transport Magazine
    MAKinG TRAVEL SiMpLe apps Wide variations in journey planners quality of apps four stars Moovit For the first time, we have researched which apps are currently Combined rating: 4.5 (785k ratings) Operator: Moovit available to public transport users and how highly they are rated Developer: Moovit App Global LtD Why can’t using public which have been consistent table-toppers in CityMApper transport be as easy as Transport Focus’s National Rail Passenger Combined rating: 4.5 (78.6k ratings) ordering pizza? Speaking Survey, have not transferred their passion for Operator: Citymapper at an event in Glasgow customer service to their respective apps. Developer: Citymapper Limited earlier this year (PT208), First UK Bus was also among the 18 four-star robert jack Louise Coward, the acting rated bus operator apps, ahead of rivals Arriva trAinLine Managing Editor head of insight at passenger (which has different apps for information and Combined rating: 4.5 (69.4k ratings) watchdog Transport Focus, revealed research m-tickets) and Stagecoach. The 11 highest Operator: trainline which showed that young people want an rated bus operator apps were all developed Developer: trainline experience that is as easy to navigate as the one by Bournemouth-based Passenger, with provided by other retailers. Blackpool Transport, Warrington’s Own Buses, three stars She explained: “Young people challenged Borders Buses and Nottingham City Transport us with things like, ‘if I want to order a pizza all possessing apps with a 4.8-star rating - a trAveLine SW or I want to go and see a film, all I need to result that exceeds the 4.7-star rating achieved Combined rating: 3.4 (218 ratings) do is get my phone out go into an app’ ..
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Average Daily Traffic Estimation in England and Wales An
    Journal of Transport Geography 83 (2020) 102658 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Transport Geography journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jtrangeo Annual average daily traffic estimation in England and Wales: An T application of clustering and regression modelling ⁎ Alexandros Sfyridis, Paolo Agnolucci Institute for Sustainable Resources, University College London, 14 Upper Woburn Place, WC1H 0NN London, United Kingdom ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Collection of Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) is of major importance for a number of applications inroad Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) transport urban and environmental studies. However, traffic measurements are undertaken only for a part ofthe Clustering road network with minor roads usually excluded. This paper suggests a methodology to estimate AADT in K-prototypes England and Wales applicable across the full road network, so that traffic for both major and minor roads canbe Support Vector Regression (SVR) approximated. This is achieved by consolidating clustering and regression modelling and using a comprehensive Random Forest set of variables related to roadway, socioeconomic and land use characteristics. The methodological output GIS reveals traffic patterns across urban and rural areas as well as produces accurate results for all roadclasses. Support Vector Regression (SVR) and Random Forest (RF) are found to outperform the traditional Linear Regression, although the findings suggest that data clustering is key for significant reduction in prediction errors. 1. Introduction boundaries of urban areas (e.g. Doustmohammadi and Anderson, 2016; Kim et al., 2016), or on particular types of roads (e.g. Caceres et al., 2012). Annual average daily traffic (AADT) is a measure of road traffic Secondly, most studies estimate AADT on major roads, while minor roads flow, defined as the average number of vehicles at a given location over are repeatedly excluded, with only a few studies incorporating them (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Rail Accident Report
    Rail Accident Report Derailment of a tram at Pomona, Manchester 17 January 2007 Report 09/2008 April 2008 This investigation was carried out in accordance with: l the Railway Safety Directive 2004/49/EC; l the Railways and Transport Safety Act 2003; and l the Railways (Accident Investigation and Reporting) Regulations 2005. © Crown copyright 2008 You may re-use this document/publication (not including departmental or agency logos) free of charge in any format or medium. You must re-use it accurately and not in a misleading context. The material must be acknowledged as Crown copyright and you must give the title of the source publication. Where we have identified any third party copyright material you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. This document/publication is also available at www.raib.gov.uk. Any enquiries about this publication should be sent to: RAIB Email: [email protected] The Wharf Telephone: 01332 253300 Stores Road Fax: 01332 253301 Derby UK Website: www.raib.gov.uk DE21 4BA This report is published by the Rail Accident Investigation Branch, Department for Transport. Derailment of a tram at Pomona, Manchester 17 January 2007 Contents Introduction 4 Summary of the report 5 Key facts about the accident 5 Identification of immediate cause, causal and contributory factors and underlying causes 6 Recommendations 6 The Accident 7 Summary of the accident 7 The parties involved 8 Location 9 The tram 9 Events during the accident 9 Events following the accident 10 The Investigation 11 Sources of
    [Show full text]
  • Stakeholder Reopening Update – May 2021
    STAKEHOLDER REOPENING UPDATE | 14 MAY 2021 BIRMINGHAM WESTSIDE METRO EXTENSION Progress photos - May 2021 What businesses can expect when they return on 17 May 2021 From Monday 17 May, indoor hospitality venues and attractions along Broad Street will be welcoming back customers as England enters the next stage of the Government’s Covid-19 roadmap out of lockdown. The Midland Metro Alliance have continued to work closely with partners at Transport for West Midlands (TfWM), Birmingham City Council and Westside BID to ensure the area is ready to accommodate the safe return of customers. A considerable amount of activity took place in the weeks preceding 12 April when venues were planning to open for outdoor service, and, despite inclement weather, finishing works have been ongoing throughout April and May allowing additional outdoor space to be provided to venues who are reopening their doors next Monday to welcome customers again. Just past the edge of Broad Street, on the way to Edgbaston, another milestone for the project was reached last month with the final tracks for the Birmingham Westside Metro extension welded into place signalling that the project is truly entering its final stages (see overleaf). We recognise that every business is different and you may have some specific questions about our activities as you continue to plan your re-opening. You are able to get in touch with Shervorne Brown, your dedicated Stakeholder Liaison Officer, on the details on the last page. Final piece of track is welded into place Marketing support provided for A major milestone was reached on the project recently as businesses in April the last piece of track was welded into place on Hagley In last month’s reopening special, we Road.
    [Show full text]
  • The Demand for Public Transport: a Practical Guide
    The demand for public transport: a practical guide R Balcombe, TRL Limited (Editor) R Mackett, Centre for Transport Studies, University College London N Paulley, TRL Limited J Preston, Transport Studies Unit, University of Oxford J Shires, Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds H Titheridge, Centre for Transport Studies, University College London M Wardman, Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds P White, Transport Studies Group, University of Westminster TRL Report TRL593 First Published 2004 ISSN 0968-4107 Copyright TRL Limited 2004. This report has been produced by the contributory authors and published by TRL Limited as part of a project funded by EPSRC (Grants No GR/R18550/01, GR/R18567/01 and GR/R18574/01) and also supported by a number of other institutions as listed on the acknowledgements page. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the supporting and funding organisations TRL is committed to optimising energy efficiency, reducing waste and promoting recycling and re-use. In support of these environmental goals, this report has been printed on recycled paper, comprising 100% post-consumer waste, manufactured using a TCF (totally chlorine free) process. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The assistance of the following organisations is gratefully acknowledged: Arriva International Association of Public Transport (UITP) Association of Train Operating Companies (ATOC) Local Government Association (LGA) Confederation of Passenger Transport (CPT) National Express Group plc Department for Transport (DfT) Nexus Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Network Rail Council (EPSRC) Rees Jeffery Road Fund FirstGroup plc Stagecoach Group plc Go-Ahead Group plc Strategic Rail Authority (SRA) Greater Manchester Public Transport Transport for London (TfL) Executive (GMPTE) Travel West Midlands The Working Group coordinating the project consisted of the authors and Jonathan Pugh and Matthew Chivers of ATOC and David Harley, David Walmsley and Mark James of CPT.
    [Show full text]
  • £56 Million Package to Support Light Rail Through Recovery Period
    £56 million package to support light rail through recovery period July 16, 2021 Light rail operators across England will benefit from up to £56 million in government funding to help ensure they continue to run vital services as coronavirus (COVID-19) restrictions are lifted, Transport Minister Baroness Vere has announced today (16 July 2021). The funding will run from 20 July to April 2022, and will support the following operators across the north and the Midlands: Manchester Metrolink Tyne and Wear Metro Sheffield Supertram Nottingham Express Transit West Midlands Metro Blackpool Tramway It comes as the government invests billions of pounds to build back better from the pandemic and improve transport links across the country. Transport Minister Baroness Vere said: “Light rail and tram services provide an essential service in our towns and cities, ensuring people can get to work, school or to see friends and family. “This £56 million funding package will allow operators to keep running these vital services as normal in those initial months, as restrictions are lifted and passengers begin to return in higher numbers.” Chief Secretary to the Treasury Steve Barclay said: “As our economy reopens, we’re continuing to support people and businesses – and making sure people can get to work and use public transport easily is crucial. “Today’s funding means that thousands of people across England can continue to travel on public transport when they need to, and regular services can continue as the country comes out of restrictions.” Andy Street, the Mayor of the West Midlands, said: “Our West Midlands Metro service has operated throughout the pandemic and has seen patronage return very quickly each time restrictions have been lifted.
    [Show full text]
  • Manchester Metrolink – Operator Maintainer • the Challenges • Next Steps Metrolink
    Keolis Amey Metrolink Jen McKinney Summary • Manchester Metrolink – Operator Maintainer • The Challenges • Next Steps Metrolink • Keolis Amey Joint Venture - KAM • Keolis international passenger transport business • Amey leading supplier of consulting and infrastructure support services UK and internationally • Involved in 3 JV’s – Metrolink, London Docklands Light Railway, and Wales and Borders • Manchester Metrolink owned by Transport for Greater Manchester (TfGM) • 2017 appointed KAM as Operator and Maintainer of Metrolink - 10 years • The UK’s largest tramway Manchester Metrolink • 7 routes • +800 staff • 93 stops • 2 depots • 120 trams • Trafford Park line (2020) adds 6 more stops (from Pomona to • +37 million passengers a year intu Trafford Park) Metrolink • Opened in 1992 31 km and subsequently expanded • Bombardier M5000 high floor tram, operating as singles or doubles • 750v dc • Two depots - Queens Rd and Trafford • 95km track – mostly double track • Utilises combination of ex heavy rail corridor and on street routes • Ballasted track and street running embedded track • Vignole and grooved rail • OLE – mix of twin and single contact wire The Challenges - Track • Ride Quality – temporary speed restrictions • Rail breaks - Suspended Gauge Corner Restoration Welding OLE – Corporation St – Ferrule Event: Failure of copper ferrule on span wire. This secures the steel wire in a loop at its end to attach to other components. Cause: Lab testing confirmed incorrect grade of copper used for ferrule at installation. Ferrule Impact: 1CC closed for whole day Action: All ferrules inspected, but fatigue is hidden on the inside. Clamps as “belt and braces” trialled. Renewal proposal for further clamps to be Clamp installed. OLE – Weaste – Parafil Rope Event: Failure of parafil rope - insulated supporting rope.
    [Show full text]
  • Tfgm Blank Document Template
    Monitoring and Evaluation Second Report March 2021 1 Table of Contents 1 Executive Summary .................................................................................................... 4 1.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 4 1.2 Findings in relation to transport objectives ...................................................... 4 1.3 Findings in relation to economic and social objectives ..................................... 6 1.4 Next steps .......................................................................................................... 7 2 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 8 2.1 Purpose of this report ........................................................................................ 8 2.2 Research questions ............................................................................................ 8 2.3 Structure of this report .................................................................................... 10 3 Achievement of transport-related objectives .......................................................... 11 3.1 Make-up of usage of Phase 3 lines .................................................................. 11 3.2 Attractiveness to car available travellers and modal shift evidence............... 12 3.3 Implications of mode shift evidence ............................................................... 13 3.4 Explanatory factors
    [Show full text]
  • Concrete Pour on the Wolverhampton City Centre Metro Extension Signals Continuing Progress
    Concrete pour on the Wolverhampton City Centre Metro extension signals continuing progress August 4, 2021 A significant concrete pour has taken place on Railway Drive in Wolverhampton for the Metro extension which links bus and train with tram signalling that the project remains on track following a return to site earlier in the summer. The last phase of main construction for the scheme is currently taking place outside the revitalised Station Plaza following the completion of the city’s new railway station. The concrete pour comes ahead of the first tracks being laid in this section later this month. Midland Metro Alliance (MMA), working on behalf of Transport for West Midlands (TfWM), returned to the city centre in June to carry out a series of works to complete the project ahead of the line opening for passenger service. Further construction activity will continue throughout the summer and winter months, including finishing works along Pipers Row and track laying on Railway Drive. Andy Street, the Mayor of the West Midlands, said: “It is brilliant that just a few weeks after opening phase two of the new railway station, we’ve been able to press on and make significant progress on the city centre Metro extension. Not only will this extension provide a further improvement to public transport services within Wolverhampton, but it also means that residents in the city will be able to travel seamlessly across the West Midlands. Infrastructure projects such as these are key to the region’s economic recovery from the pandemic as we help create and protect local jobs, and I look forward to seeing continued progress over the coming weeks and months.” Councillor Steve Evans, City of Wolverhampton Council Cabinet Member for City Environment and Climate Change, added: “A lot of hard work has been undertaken to deliver an Interchange scheme which will give our city the attractive public transport gateway that it deserves.
    [Show full text]
  • West Midlands Combined Authority Transport Levy Expenditure 2020-21
    West Midlands Combined Authority Transport Levy Expenditure 2020-21 The costs of running Transport for West Midlands (TfWM) form part of the combined spend of the West Midlands Combined Authority. The costs of TfWM are funded by a specific transport levy of £114.7 million: this levy is paid by each of the seven Metropolitan Councils of the West Midlands on the basis of their published population figures. The councils must take account of the cost of the levy in setting their council tax levels, after allowing for grants which they receive towards this cost, and this is why we are providing detailed information on the spend in this area. More than half of the levy funds the National Travel Concessionary Scheme for free or half fare bus, train and tram travel for those who qualify, as well as funding subsidised bus services. TfWM, part of the WMCA, is building a TfWM manages 12 bus stations and healthier, happier, better connected and provides around 12,500 passenger stops, more prosperous West Midlands. TfWM stands and shelters and many strategic is accountable for formulating transport interchanges. Multi-operator passenger strategy and policy, project delivery and information is produced for each location, incorporating strategic highways, freight, with Real Time Information (RTI) displays rail, bus, tram and rapid transit networks. at 1,343 shelters and 109 stops showing live departures. RTI is also found at all TfWM works alongside the seven local rail stations and Metro stops. Metropolitan Districts to ensure that the 2.9 million people who live and work TfWM works in partnership with in the region benefit from an effective operators to develop integrated ticketing transport system that meets the that meets customer needs.
    [Show full text]
  • Written Evidence Submitted by Transport for West Midlands Introduction the Use of Public Transport and the Way That People Choos
    REF0042 Written evidence submitted by Transport for West Midlands Introduction Transport for West Midlands (TfWM) is the local transport authority covering the seven constituent authorities of Birmingham City Council, Coventry City Council, Dudley Metropolitan Borough Council, Sandwell Metropolitan Borough Council, Solihull Metropolitan Borough Council, Walsall Metropolitan Borough Council and the City of Wolverhampton Council. The use of public transport and the way that people choose to travel, both locally and for longer domestic journeys; The impact of Covid-19 on transport and travel behaviour has been significant. As cases began to rise in the UK and abroad, measures were put in place to restrict public movement and interaction, with clear guidance not to travel. TfWM has produced significant insight into the impact of Covid-19, utilising data and surveys, to help coordinate and support transport in the short-term, and to also understand some potential long-term changes in transport and travel behaviour that could have implications on future policy. Local Travel Statistics TfWM collated travel demand statistics as part of the Covid-19 dashboard. Figure 1 shows how travel by car, rail, bus and metro all decreased significantly as the lockdown was implemented in mid-March 2020. As lockdown restrictions were eased post June/July 2020, car traffic has seen the biggest rebound and currently sits just below the norm. Metro and bus have also shown an increase, whereas rail has experienced the least recovery (as of mid-September 2020). Figure 1: Multi-Modal Comparison The bus network is operating at over 100% of its pre-covid service levels with substantial timetable changes taking place over the August bank holiday weekend.
    [Show full text]