S852 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 24, 2021 UNITAMS therefore lacks UNAMID’s Fortunately, the plight of Darfur has impeached the President while he was Chapter VII authorities to deploy mili- long attracted the bipartisan support in office, it is particularly clear that tary tools in service of civilian protec- of Congress and multiple administra- the impeachment is constitutional and tion and the advancement of peace in tions. At this critical time, it is vital therefore that this trial is constitu- Darfur. Officials in the transitional that our commitment remain stead- tional. The weight of legal opinion and government at the highest levels have fast. I hope to work with the Biden ad- historical precedent affirms this con- argued that a Chapter VII mission is ministration to urgently address the clusion. Further, the Senate decided not necessary because the security sit- security vacuum created by UNAMID’s this question in the affirmative. I be- uation in Darfur has improved; that drawdown and call upon Secretary of lieve its decision was correct: The Sen- many of the warring parties in Darfur State Blinken and United Nations Am- ate must not surrender its power to have made peace with the Government bassador Thomas-Greenfield to take hold accountable those who abuse their of Sudan through the Juba Peace urgent steps. office or threaten our Republic, even in Agreement; that Bashir’s genocidal re- First, we must use our voice and vote their final days in office. gime, which bore primary responsi- at the UNSC to encourage a temporary In following the oath in an impeach- bility for the crisis in the region, is no reauthorization of UNAMID so that it ment trial and in our deliberations on longer in power; and that the transi- can carry out critical protection of ci- the final question, I believe it is up to tional government is implementing a vilian functions, at the very least until every Senator to determine what to security plan for Darfur that will ade- it fully draws down in June 2021. Sec- consider and what the Constitution and quately protect civilians. ond, we must work actively at the their conscience require of them. The I do not share this assessment of the UNSC to strengthen the mandate of conclusion I reached on the final ver- situation in Darfur, and recent clashes, the UNITAMS so that it includes ro- dict will not surprise anyone who read as well earlier rounds of violence that bust civilian protection mechanisms. my reasoning in the first impeachment have plagued Darfur since Sudan’s Third, we should press Sudan’s civil- trial: I consider an attempt to corrupt transition began in 2019, demonstrate ian-led transitional government to de- an election to keep oneself in power that the region remains fragile. Com- one of the most reprehensible acts that munal tensions over land, water, and velop a credible civilian protection political power persist, and Darfur is plan in Darfur that does not—I repeat, can be taken by a sitting President. awash in weapons. The government’s does not—involve the RSF or any other The second impeachment resulted from program to provide security to the re- forces implicated in violence in Darfur. the President’s continued effort to do gion, including through its National Fourth, the administration should just that. Plan for Civilian Protection, has yet to carefully monitor progress on civilian His attempt to pressure Georgia’s be adequately fleshed out let alone im- protection in Darfur and provide sup- secretary of state to falsify the elec- plemented. Just last week, the port where necessary, including by con- toral results was itself a heinous act UNAMID team site at Saraf Umrah sidering how much of the recently ap- that merited impeachment. President that was transferred to the Sudanese propriated $700 million for Sudan needs Trump summoned his supporters to Government on January 21 was looted to be set aside to support civilian secu- Washington on the very day of the by unnamed assailants, and all of the rity in Darfur. Fifth, we must make electoral vote count, knowing that buildings on the site were reportedly clear to all that sustainable peace in among the people he gathered were destroyed despite the government’s Darfur requires justice and account- many who had committed violence in prior commitment to secure it. The ability for past atrocities, no matter the past and who had violent intent. Juba Peace Agreement, while prom- how powerful the people implicated. Despite the obvious and well-known ising, has not been endorsed by all of Mr. President, I strongly support a threat of violence, he incited and di- Darfur’s warring parties. And most closer bilateral relationship with rected thousands to descend upon the worryingly, those likely to be charged Sudan and will continue, as I have for seat of Congress as it was undertaking with protecting civilians in Darfur, in- the past 2 years, to do what I can to en- the constitutionally prescribed process cluding components of the Sudanese sure the United States does its part to to certify his successor. And then he military and the Rapid Support Forces, see to it that Sudan’s civilian-led tran- not only failed to defend the Vice RSF, of Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, are sition to democracy is successful. We President and the others at the Capitol the same actors that for years worked have what may be a once in a genera- who he saw were in mortal danger, he to implement Bashir’s campaign of ter- tion opportunity. A healthy political also incited further violence against ror and genocide in the region. transition at the national level will the Vice President. In this context, the United Nations only aid the cause of peace in Darfur, The President’s conduct represented Security Council’s ill-timed and poor- and vice versa. an unprecedented violation of his oath ly-conceived decision to end UNAMID’s Mr. President, the situation in of office and of the public trust. mandate—facilitated by the Trump ad- Darfur requires our urgent and consid- There is a thin line that separates ministration’s lack of a well-thought- ered attention. Let us continue our our democratic republic from an autoc- out diplomatic strategy and approach— strong tradition of bipartisan support racy: It is a free and fair election and and to rapidly draw down the mission for the long-suffering people of Sudan the peaceful transfer of power that fol- exposes the Darfuri people to signifi- at this critical time. lows it. President Trump attempted to cant harm. It could derail Sudan’s ci- f breach that line, again. What he at- vilian-led transition to democracy, re- tempted is what was most feared by sulting in another round of instability IMPEACHMENT the Founders. It is the reason they in- that Sudan and the broader region can Mr. ROMNEY. Mr. President, once vested Congress with the power to im- ill afford. That is why in February 2020 again, I have listened to the arguments peach. I led a group of Senators in writing to of the respective counsel, studied Accordingly, I voted to convict Presi- the Trump administration, urging it to briefs, and weighed evidence in an im- dent Trump. ensure that the U.N. maintain a mis- peachment trial of President Donald We must also consider how we came sion in Darfur with an adequate num- Trump. This is not a responsibility I to a point where a President felt he ber of peacekeeping troops operating sought or expected. I certainly did not could do as he did without suffering under a robust Chapter VII mandate to anticipate having to serve a second meaningful consequence. protect civilians from violence; and time as a Senator-juror in an impeach- It has become almost clich´ e to say that is why I am raising the alarm ment trial. that America is divided as never before again here today. The United States, An initial question shaping the con- in modern history. So, too, is the ob- along with its international partners, text of this trial was whether or not servation that this division is the prod- must work rapidly to put in place the Senate has constitutional jurisdic- uct of a decline in trust in our gov- mechanisms that can protect Darfur’s tion to try a President who is no longer erning institutions, of a decline in the civilians until such a time that Su- in office. The Constitution gives the social bonds forged in churches and dan’s transitional government is capa- Senate the power to try all impeach- charities and communities, of expand- ble of providing security to the region. ments. In this case, where the House ing income inequality, and of trusted

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:50 Feb 25, 2021 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A24FE6.008 S24FEPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE February 24, 2021 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S853 news sources replaced by cable and Like you, I hear many calls for the greater good. Sean’s sister, Erin internet algorithms calculated to in- unity. It is apparent that calling for McCagh Morrissey, has fittingly called flame our prejudices. unity while at the same time appeasing him Cumberland’s George Bailey, refer- Less unanimous are the predictions the big lie of a stolen election is a ring to the community-minded banker of where this division will lead. Even fraud. It is the lie that caused the divi- James Stewart played in the classic so, no one suggests that it will lead to sion. It is in the service of that lie that movie, ‘‘It’s a Wonderful Life.’’ a better future. Some envision an econ- a mob invaded the Capitol on January While Sean loved his job as a der- omy buffeted by policies drafted by the 6. matologist and was passionate about extreme wings of the political parties. Now that the impeachment trial is helping others, he also loved being a Others claim that authoritarianism behind us, it falls to each of us to af- cattle farmer. When his middle son, will replace democracy. Some antici- firm what we all know: President Biden Cory, graduated from college, Sean en- pate social unrest and violence. A few won the election through the legiti- couraged him to follow his dream to even predict civil war. Still others fear mate vote of the American people. The start a brewery. With Cory’s vision and that a weakened America will become division in America will only begin to Sean’s support and investment, they vulnerable to an opportunistic foreign heal in the light of this truth, a truth christened the 200-year-old barn on the foe. which must now be affirmed by each of family’s farm as the ‘‘1812 Brewery,’’ We instinctively know that the grow- us in this Chamber. which set the stage for a growing and ing division represents a growing dan- mutually supportive family of small f ger. Academics and pundits may pro- brewers to attract tourists and en- mote cures, but in our hearts, we know ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS hance the lives of local residents. that their bromides won’t heal the rift. While the people of Allegany County People aren’t going to return to main- grieve the sudden, stunning loss of a stream media, churches aren’t going to REMEMBERING DR. SEAN MCCAGH cherished husband, father, friend, doc- experience a resurgence, and income ∑ Mr. CARDIN. Mr. President, I rise tor, businessman, and community lead- inequality will remain a persistent fea- today to honor Dr. Sean McCagh, a er, I ask my Senate colleagues to join ture of the global digital economy. Marylander whom we should all emu- me in remembering and honoring the Throughout history, only one thing late for his selflessness and passion for life of Dr. Sean McCagh who, through has been able to unite a divided nation: helping others. Sean touched the his service and love for people, has left great leaders—leaders like Churchill hearts and lives of his family, friends, his community a better place.∑ who inspired a fearful nation; leaders coworkers, patients, and the entire f like Lincoln who mustered the na- community of Allegany County in the TRIBUTE TO BIRGIT KLOHS tional will to save the Union; and lead- western part of my State. Sadly, Sean ers like Reagan who raised our spirits was taken far too soon from his family ∑ Mr. PETERS. Mr. President, I rise from suffocating malaise. Leaders like and the many neighbors who cared so today to honor a lifelong leader of West these also have been essential in our deeply for him due to complications of Michigan’s economic development churches and universities and busi- COVID–19. He leaves behind his wife, community, Birgit Klohs, president nesses and charities, and just as impor- Terri, and three sons, Mike, Cory, and and CEO of The Right Place in Grand tantly, in our homes. Casey. Rapids, MI. Ms. Klohs has made an im- With our Nation so divided, so vul- Sean was born and raised in Cum- mense impact on western Michigan nerable to economic distress or to civil berland, MD. He graduated from Bishop over the past 33 years and has helped violence or even to foreign adversaries, Walsh High School and completed his reshape the region and State’s future. Born in West Germany, Ms. Klohs the need for leadership that unites and undergraduate studies at Mount St. left her home country to attend West- uplifts, that calls on our better angels, Mary’s University. He earned his med- ern Michigan University in Kalamazoo, is as great as we have ever known. The ical degree from Georgetown Univer- where she graduated with a bachelors corollary is that the failure of leaders sity School of Medicine and completed of business administration in finance. to unite, to speak truth, to place duty his dermatology residency at the Uni- While going to school full time, she above self, is as dangerous as we have versity of West Virginia. He returned began her economic development ca- ever known. to the hometown he loved so well and With the country as divided as it as- reer in service to the Berrien County joined his brother Mike’s dermatology suredly is, a person in a position of Economic Development Corporation as practice in 1996. leadership who inflames passions with an industrial consultant and then even- Sean was a man of vision who was the purpose of perpetuating untruth tually moved to the Michigan Depart- never one to sit idly by. He volunteered commits a singularly dangerous sin ment of Commerce where she served as his time as the athletic physician for against the Republic. an account executive focusing on west- We Senator-jurors did not all vote in Allegany High School for several years ern Michigan. the same way in this impeachment and later established a community Later, as assistant director of the Of- trial. Differences in perception of the fundraiser known as the Hooley Plunge fice for Economic Expansion at Grand facts that were presented are to be ex- to support the ice rink at the local Valley State University, Ms. Klohs was pected. So, too, are the differences in YMCA. When the YMCA closed the ice asked to join the region’s first-ever Eu- our respective estimations of the im- rink, Sean redirected his efforts to an- ropean foreign investment mission in pact of the outcome of the trial. People other cause close to his heart, people conjunction with The Right Place. The of conscience reached different conclu- with developmental disabilities. With Right Place, an organization started in sions. National unity does not require Sean as its champion for 17 years, the 1985 by Grand Rapids area business ex- unanimity of opinion. Hooley Plunge has raised more than ecutives, was concerned that the region But civic unity does require truth. $1.5 million to support the Special was missing out on economic opportu- There is one untruth that divides the Olympics of Allegany County and other nities. That trip involved discussions Nation today like none other: it is that local programs that serve individuals with a German company that 2 years the election was stolen, that there was with development disabilities. It has later broke ground on a new manufac- a massive conspiracy, more secret and become the largest single-day fund- turing plant just north of Grand Rap- widespread than any in human history, raising event in Allegany County, with ids, a highlight in Klohs’ career dedi- so brilliant in execution that no evi- hundreds of brave souls running into cated to keeping and growing jobs in dence can be found of it and no ob- the freezing waters of Rocky Gap State the region. server among the tens of thousands in Park’s Lake Habeeb in return for dona- Mrs. Klohs applied for the director- our intelligence agencies will speak of tions. ship of The Right Place and began lead- it. A few years ago, Sean received the ing the organization as president and That lie brought our Nation to a dark Community Service Award from the CEO in 1987. At that time, The Right and dangerous place. Invented and dis- Allegany County Chamber of Com- Place had a small staff serving one seminated by the President, it poisoned merce, one of numerous entities to rec- county; after Ms. Klohs’ dynamic lead- our politics and our public discourse. ognize his unwavering commitment to ership and expertise, it grew into a

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