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Revitalización Del Espacio Público Del Centro Urbano De Taraco, Para La Generación De Dinámicas Urbanas Con Calidad De Ocupación

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Revitalización Del Espacio Público Del Centro Urbano De Taraco, Para La Generación De Dinámicas Urbanas Con Calidad De Ocupación UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL ALTIPLANO FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA CIVIL Y ARQUITECTURA ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DE ARQUITECTURA Y URBANISMO REVITALIZACIÓN DEL ESPACIO PÚBLICO DEL CENTRO URBANO DE TARACO, PARA LA GENERACIÓN DE DINÁMICAS URBANAS CON CALIDAD DE OCUPACIÓN. TESIS PRESENTADA POR: EVELYN QUISPE MAMANI SANDRA MONICA VILCA APAZA PARA OPTAR EL TÍTULO PROFESIONAL DE: ARQUITECTO PUNO – PERÚ 2019 DEDICATORIA A DIOS por darme salud y una hermosa familia. A MIS PADRES, Samuel Vilca y Delia Apaza, por darme educación por estar a mi lado apoyándome, para cumplir mis metas, a mi HERMANA, Luz Delia, mi mejor amiga y cómplice de mi vida. A RANDY STEVENS, quien es mi compañero de vida, quien me dio un apoyo incondicional, a mi hija LHUANNA, quien es mi motivación para ser una mejor persona cada día. Sandra Monica Vilca Apaza DEDICATORIA A MIS PADRES, Tomás Quispe y Simona Mamani, por darme la vida y apoyarme en todos los aspectos de mi vida, y estar a mi lado incondicionalmente en cada paso que doy. A MIS HERMANOS, quienes están a mi lado en todo momento, por su cariño y comprensión. A DIOS, por darme salud y fortaleza. Evelyn Quispe Mamani. AGRADECIMIENTO A LA ESCUELA DE ARQUITECTURA Y URBANISMO DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL ALTIPLANO, por todas las enseñanzas que nos brindaron en toda nuestra vida universitaria, además de ser una casa abierta para la elaboración de la presente tesis. AL ARQUITECTO, Jorge Adán Villegas Abrill quien en todo momento nos apoyó, asesorándonos con disciplina y empuje. ÍNDICE GENERAL RESUMEN ........................................................................................................ 15 ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................... 16 CAPITULO I ...................................................................................................... 17 1. GENERALIDADES ........................................................................................ 17 1.1 INTRODUCCION ................................................................................... 17 1.2 PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA .................................................... 17 1.2.1 Formulación del problema: ........................................................... 17 1.2.2 Pregunta General ......................................................................... 18 1.2.3 Preguntas Específicas .................................................................. 18 1.3 JUSTIFICACIÓN .................................................................................... 18 1.4 OBJETIVOS ........................................................................................... 19 1.4.1 Objetivo General ........................................................................... 19 1.4.2 Objetivos Específicos ................................................................... 19 1.5 HIPOTESIS ............................................................................................ 19 1.5.1 Hipótesis General ......................................................................... 19 1.5.2 Hipótesis Específicas .................................................................... 19 1.6 VARIBLES E INDICADORES ................................................................ 20 1.6.1 Descripción ................................................................................... 20 1.6.2 Operacionalización de Variables .................................................. 22 CAPITULO II ..................................................................................................... 23 2. REVISIÓN DE LITERATURA ........................................................................ 23 2.1 MARCO CONCEPTUAL ........................................................................ 23 2.1.1 Centro Urbano: ............................................................................. 23 2.1.2 Espacio Público: ........................................................................... 23 2.1.3 Articulación Vial: ........................................................................... 23 2.1.4 Espacio Urbano: ........................................................................... 23 2.1.5 Estructura Urbana:........................................................................ 24 2.1.6 Integración Urbana: ...................................................................... 24 2.1.7 Revitalización Urbana: .................................................................. 24 2.1.8 Dinámica Urbana: ......................................................................... 24 2.1.9 Calidad Ambiental ........................................................................ 24 2.2 MARCO TEÓRICO ................................................................................ 24 2.2.1 El Centro Urbano Como Conjunto ................................................ 25 2.2.2 El Espacio Público Crea La Ciudad .............................................. 26 2.2.3 Articulación Vial / Articuladores .................................................... 27 2.2.4 El Espacio Urbano Se Consume .................................................. 28 2.2.5 Estructura Urbana Expresada ...................................................... 30 2.2.6 La Integración Urbana Es Dual ..................................................... 32 2.2.7 Revitalización Urbana Integral ...................................................... 33 2.2.8 Dinámica Urbana Una Evolución Constante ................................. 35 2.2.9 Calidad Ambiental Y Su Importancia ............................................ 36 2.2.10 Plaza Central Urbana ................................................................. 37 2.2.11 Parque Urbano ........................................................................... 39 2.2.11.1 CLASIFICACIÓN DE PARQUE URBANO ............................... 40 2.3 MARCO REFERENCIAL........................................................................ 42 2.4 MARCO NORMATIVO ........................................................................... 48 2.4.1 Según La Constitución Política Del Perú ...................................... 48 2.4.2 Según La Ley General De Desarrollo Urbano .............................. 49 2.4.3 Según El Código Del Medio Ambiente Y Recursos Naturales ...... 51 2.4.4 Según Reglamento Nacional De Edificaciones. ........................... 52 2.4.5 Según El Sistema Nacional De Estándares De Urbanismo (S.I.S.N.E.) ....................................................................................................... 54 CAPITULO III .................................................................................................... 58 3. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS ......................................................................... 58 3.1 MATERIALES ........................................................................................ 58 3.1.1 Material Cartográfico: ................................................................... 58 3.1.2 Material De Escritorio ................................................................... 58 3.2 METODOLOGIA: ................................................................................... 58 3.2.1 Esquema Metodologico: ............................................................... 60 CAPITULO IV .................................................................................................... 61 4. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN ...................................................................... 61 4.1 ANALISIS EXTERNO- DIAGNÓSTICO: ................................................ 61 4.1.1 Ubicación Geográfica A Nivel Departamental: .............................. 61 4.1.2 Ámbito Territorial: ......................................................................... 61 4.2 ANALISIS DEL CONTEXTO DE TARACO: ........................................... 62 4.2.1 Antecedentes Historicos ............................................................... 62 4.2.2 Aspecto Físico Geográfico ............................................................ 65 4.2.3 Aspectos Climatológicos ............................................................... 67 4.2.4 Aspectos Bióticos y Abióticos ....................................................... 74 4.2.5 Aspectos Demográficos ................................................................ 84 4.2.6 Aspecto Económico ...................................................................... 86 4.3.2 Aspecto Topográfico Y Morfológico: ............................................. 95 4.2.7 Análisis Físico De La Localidad De Taraco .................................. 97 4.3.3 Imagen Urbana ........................................................................... 111 4.3 ANALISIS FÍSICO DEL AREA DE INTERVENCIÓN: .......................... 114 4.3.1 Sistema Edilicio – Área de Intervención ..................................... 115 4.3.5 Tipología De Las Viviendas ........................................................ 141 4.3.2 Perfil Urbano ............................................................................... 142 4.3.3 Actividades Propuestas de la Población - Conflictivas: .............. 144 4.3.4 Calidad Ambiental:...................................................................... 145 4.3.4.1 Aguas Pluviales: ...................................................................... 145 4.3.4.2 ACUMULACIÓN DE RESIDUOS SOLIDOS: .......................... 147 4.3.4.3 ASOLEAMIENTO: ................................................................... 148 4.3.6 Accesibilidad: .............................................................................
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