ATTACHMENT SS2

REGION 2 SENSITIVE SPECIES EVALUATION FORM

Species: Adenocaulon bicolor Hook. / American trailplant / ADBI

Criteria Rank Rationale Literature Citations Occurs in the Black Hills of South Dakota and Wyoming. Currently there are ~ 240 • FS Records 1 C documented locations for the Black Hills, 160 in Wyoming and 80 in South Dakota. Distribution • Fertig, 2000 within R2 More locations of this plant probably exist but due to abundance, it is no longer • Ode in Expert Interview recorded or tracked by the South Dakota Natural Heritage Program. Listed as S2 in Summary, 2000 WY. The disjunct nature of the Black Hills populations would normally warrant a B • SD NHD, 2001 ranking, but Ode indicates the populations in the Black Hills are robust and that Adenocaulon bicolor no longer merits status on the R2 sensitive species list.

Confidence in Rank High Occurs in California (nearly all mountainous regions), Idaho, the upper peninsula of • NatureServe, 2001 2 C Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, Oregon, Washington, Alberta, British Distribution outside R2 Columbia, and Ontario, but little information is available on abundance. Confidence in Rank High Seeds show no specializations for dispersal, but the populations are not ephemeral, • Gleason and Cronquist, 1991 3 B thus the B ranking. Dispersal • Holmgren, 1998 Capability

Confidence in Rank Medium Currently, 15,000 – 25,000 plants are documented in Crook County Wyoming. South • Fertig, 2000 4 C Dakota has at least half that number. While Adenocaulon bicolor is currently only Abundance in R2 known to occur in the Black Hills in Region 2, there are enough populations and individuals to warrant the C ranking. Confidence in Rank High No trend known. • 5 D Population Trend in R2 Confidence in Rank High

The habitat trend is not completely clear; however; white spruce is believed to have • Parrish et al, 1996 6 A increased since settlement of the Black Hills, with a corresponding reduction in areas Habitat Trend • Fertig, 2000 in R2 dominated by deciduous trees, consequently, there may be a slow decline in habitat quality. Adenocaulon bicolor appears to prefer a deciduous overstory in Wyoming (Fertig, 2000) and South Dakota (pers. obs., Reed Crook). Confidence in Rank Medium

USDA-Forest Service R2 Sensitive Species Evaluation Form Page 1 of 5 ATTACHMENT SS2

Species: Adenocaulon bicolor Hook. / American trailplant / ADBI

Criteria Rank Rationale Literature Citations Adenocaulon bicolor habitat is vulnerable to increases in grazing and/or recreation, • Parrish et al, 1996 7 B although many populations are in areas where little human or grazing activity takes Habitat Vulnerability place. An increase in white spruce dominance on northerly facing slopes that this or species typically inhabits (with its associated decrease in deciduous tree and shrub Modification cover) may adversely affect habitat for this plant. Confidence in Rank High No information was found on how life history or demographics may affect the survival • Gleason and Cronquist, 1991 8 D of this plant. While many members of the Asteraceae family produce large numbers of Life History • Holmgren, 1998 and easily dispersed seeds, Adenocaulon bicolor produces only 3-7 seeds per head, and Demographics they do not have adaptations for wind dispersal like many other members of the family. How the differences in seeds specialization in Adenocaulon bicolor affect its ability to respond to disturbance is unknown. Confidence in Rank Medium Evaluator(s): Reed Wight Crook – Botanist, Black Hills National Forest. Date: 29 Nov. 2001, Darcie J. Bacon – Botanist, Black Hills National Forest Updated July 26, 2002

USDA-Forest Service R2 Sensitive Species Evaluation Form Page 2 of 5 ATTACHMENT SS2 National Forests in the Rocky Mountain Region where species is KNOWN (K) or LIKELY (L)1 to occur: Species Name: Adenocaulon bicolor Hook. / American trailplant / ADBI Formatted Colorado NF/NG Kansas NF/NG Nebraska NF/NG South Dakota Wyoming NF/NG

NF/NG

y y

y y y Likel Known Known Likel Known Known Likel Known Likel Known Likel Arapaho-Roosevelt NF Cimarron NG Samuel R.McKelvie NF Black Hills NF X Shoshone NF White River NF Halsey NF Buffalo Gap NG Bighorn NF Routt NF Nebraska NF Ft. Pierre NG Black Hills NF X Grand Mesa, Ogalala NG Medicine Bow NF Uncompahgre, Gunnison NF San Juan NF Thunder Basin NG Rio Grande NF Pike-San Isabel NF Comanche NG Pawnee NG

References

Fertig, W. 2000. Adenocaulon bicolor Wyoming State Species Abstract.

FS Records can include: monitoring data, district data, historical accounts, ect.

Gleason, H.A. and Cronquist, A. 1991. Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada, 2nd Edition. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY.

Holmgren, N.H. 1998. Illustrated Companion to Gleason and Cronquist’s Manual. Illustrations of the vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada, with the artistic and editorial assistance of: Patricia K. Holmgren, Robin A. Jess, Kathleen M. McCauley, and Laura Vogel. The New York Botanical Garden, Bornx, NY.

Nature Serve Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life [web application]. 2001. Version 1.6. Arlington, Virginia, USA: NatureServe. Available: http://www.natureserve.org/explorer. Accessed between (November 20, 2001 and December 10, 2001).

Parrish, J.B., Herman, D.J., Reyher, D.J. 1996. A Century of Change in the Black Hills Forest and Riparian Ecosystems. South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station/U.S. Forest Service. Brookings, SD.

1 Likely is defined as more likely to occur than not occur on the National Forest or Grassland. This generally can be thought of as having a 50% chance or greater of appearing on NFS lands.

USDA-Forest Service R2 Sensitive Species Evaluation Form Page 3 of 5 ATTACHMENT SS2 Rare, Threatened, And Endangered Plants. Species Tracked By The South Dakota Natural Heritage Program, South Dakota Department of Game, Fish And Parks. 2002. (http://www.state.sd.us/gfp/Diversity/RarePlant.htm).

USDA Forest Service. 2000. Expert Interview Summary for the Black Hills National Forest Land and Resource Management Plan Amendment. Custer, SD.

USDA-Forest Service R2 Sensitive Species Evaluation Form Page 4 of 5 ATTACHMENT SS2

USDA-Forest Service R2 Sensitive Species Evaluation Form

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