Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network Update for 2008–2011

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National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior

Natural Resource Stewardship and Science

Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2012/582 ON THE COVER

Trailing four o’clock (Allionia incarnata), previously cited as historical from Zion National Park, but relocated by Cheryl Decker in the park in 2008 and photographed by Derrick Zobell in 2010. Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network Update for 2008–2011

Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2012/582

Prepared by Walter Fertig Moenave Botanical Consulting Kanab, UT

Sarah Topp Northern Colorado Plateau Network National Park Service Moab, UT 84532

Mary Moran Southeast Utah Group National Park Service Moab, UT

Terri Hildebrand Southern Utah University Cedar City, UT

Jeﬀ Ott Department of Botany University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC

Derrick Zobell Salt Lake City, UT

Editing and Design Alice Wondrak Biel Northern Colorado Plateau Network National Park Service Moab, UT 84532

May 2012

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Please cite this publication as:

Fertig., W., S. Topp, M. Moran, T. Hildebrand, J. Ott, and D. Zobell. 2012. Vascular plant species discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: update for 2008–2011. Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2012/582. National Park Service, Fort Col- lins, Colorado.

NPS 960/114384, May 2012 ii Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 Contents

Figures ...... v Tables ...... vii Executive Summary ...... ix Acknowledgements ...... xi 1 Introduction ...... 1 2 Methods ...... 3 2.1 Status...... 3 2.2 Nomenclature ...... 3

3 Results ...... 5 3.1 Arches National Park ...... 6 3.2 Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park ...... 11 3.3 Bryce Canyon National Park ...... 14 3.4 Canyonlands National Park ...... 19 3.5 Capitol Reef National Park ...... 25 3.6 Cedar Breaks National Monument ...... 30 3.7 Colorado National Monument ...... 35 3.8 Curecanti National Recreation Area ...... 37 3.9 Dinosaur National Monument ...... 42 3.10 Fossil Butte National Monument ...... 49 3.11 Golden Spike National Historic Site ...... 52 3.12 Hovenweep National Monument ...... 54 3.13 Natural Bridges National Monument ...... 56 3.14 Pipe Spring National Monument ...... 58 3.15 Timpanogos Cave National Monument ...... 67 3.16 Zion National Park ...... 69 3.17 Summary of all 16 NCPN units ...... 83

4 Discussion ...... 85 5 Literature Cited ...... 87 Appendix A. Nomenclatural Changes from the Fourth Edition of A Utah Flora ..... 91

Contents iii

Figures

Figure 3-1. Cisco mariposa (Calochortus ciscoensis), newly described by Stanley Welsh and colleagues in 2008 and endemic to northeast Utah and adjacent Colorado ...... 6 Figure 3-2. Moonwort (Botrychium lunaria), newly documented for Cedar Breaks National Monument from the north rim of the Cedar Breaks Amphitheater in August 2009 ...... 30 Figure 3-3. Small-ﬂ ower ﬁ shhook cactus (Sclerocactus whipplei var. roseus), photographed from Hovenweep National Monument in 2011 by Tony Frates...... 54 Figure 3-4. New plant species from Zion National Park ...... 72 Figure 3-5. Plant species rediscovered in Zion National Park, 2008–2011 ...... 73

Contents v

Tables

Table 2-1. Categories and descriptions of park status for plant species...... 3 Table 3-1. Key to abbreviations in summary tables...... 5 Table 3-2. New vascular plant taxa confi rmed or reported for Arches National Park, 2008–2011...... 7 Table 3-3. Changes in status for Arches National Park species, 2008–2011...... 9 Table 3-4. Revised statistical summary of the fl ora of Arches National Park...... 10 Table 3-5. New vascular plant taxa confi rmed or reported for Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park, 2008–2011...... 12 Table 3-6. Changes in status for Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park species, 2008–2011. ....13 Table 3-7. Revised statistical summary of the fl ora of Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park. .13 Table 3-8. New vascular plant taxa confi rmed or reported for Bryce Canyon National Park, 2008– 2011...... 15 Table 3-9. Changes in status for Bryce Canyon National Park species, 2008–2011...... 17 Table 3-10. Revised statistical summary of the fl ora of Bryce Canyon National Park...... 18 Table 3-11. New vascular plant taxa confi rmed or reported for Canyonlands National Park, 2008– 2011...... 21 Table 3-12. Changes in status for Canyonlands National Park species, 2008–2011...... 23 Table 3-13. Revised statistical summary of the fl ora of Canyonlands National Park...... 24 Table 3-14. New vascular plant taxa confi rmed or reported for Capitol Reef National Park, 2008– 2011...... 27 Table 3-16. Revised statistical summary of the fl ora of Capitol Reef National Park...... 29 Table 3-15. Changes in status for Capitol Reef National Park species, 2008–2011...... 29 Table 3-17. New vascular plant taxa confi rmed or reported for Cedar Breaks National Monument, 2008–2011...... 31 Table 3-19. Revised statistical summary of the fl ora of Cedar Breaks National Monument...... 34 Table 3-18. Changes in status for Cedar Breaks National Monument species, 2008–2011...... 34 Table 3-21. Changes in status for Colorado National Monument species, 2008–2011...... 35 Table 3-20. New vascular plant taxa confi rmed or reported for Colorado National Monument, 2008–2011...... 35 Table 3-22. Revised statistical summary of the fl ora of Colorado National Monument...... 36 Table 3-23. New vascular plant taxa confi rmed or reported for Curecanti National Recreation Area, 2008–2011...... 39 Table 3-25. Revised statistical summary of the fl ora of Curecanti National Recreation Area...... 41 Table 3-24. Changes in status for Curecanti National Recreation Area species, 2008–2011...... 41 Table 3-26. New vascular plant taxa confi rmed or reported for Dinosaur National Monument, 2008–2011...... 44 Table 3-27. Changes in status for Dinosaur National Monument species, 2008–2011...... 48 Table 3-28. Revised statistical summary of the fl ora of Dinosaur National Monument...... 48 Table 3-29. New vascular plant taxa confi rmed or reported for Fossil Butte National Monument, 2008–2011...... 50 Table 3-30. Changes in status for Fossil Butte National Monument species, 2008–2011...... 51

Contents vii Table 3-31. Revised statistical summary of the fl ora of Fossil Butte National Monument...... 51 Table 3-32. New vascular plant taxa confi rmed or reported for Golden Spike National Historic Site, 2008–2011...... 52 Table 3-33. Changes in status for Golden Spike National Historic Site species, 2008–2011...... 53 Table 3-34. Revised statistical summary of the fl ora of Golden Spike National Historic Site...... 53 Table 3-35. New vascular plant taxa confi rmed or reported for Hovenweep National Monument, 2010–2011...... 54 Table 3-36. Changes in status for Hovenweep National Monument species, 2010–2011...... 55 Table 3-37. Revised statistical summary of the fl ora of Hovenweep National Monument...... 55 Table 3-38. New vascular plant taxa confi rmed or reported for Natural Bridges National Monument, 2010–2011...... 56 Table 3-39. Changes in status for Natural Bridges National Monument species, 2010–2011...... 56 Table 3-40. Revised statistical summary of the fl ora of Natural Bridges National Monument...... 57 Table 3-41. New vascular plant taxa confi rmed or reported for Pipe Spring National Monument, 2008–2011...... 59 Table 3-42. Changes in status for Pipe Spring National Monument species, 2010–2011...... 63 Table 3-43. Revised statistical summary of the fl ora of Pipe Spring National Monument...... 66 Table 3-44. New vascular plant taxa confi rmed or reported for Timpanogos Cave National Monument, 2008–2011...... 67 Table 3-45. Revised statistical summary of the fl ora of Timpanogos Cave National Monument...... 68 Table 3-46. New vascular plant taxa confi rmed or reported for Zion National Park, 2008–2011...... 74 Table 3-47. Changes in status for Zion National Park species, 2008–2011...... 80 Table 3-48. Revised statistical summary of the fl ora of Zion National Park...... 82 Table 3-49. Summary of changes in the fl oras of all Northern Colorado Plateau Network parks, 2008–2011...... 83 Table A-1. Nomenclatural changes for the fourth edition of A Utah Flora...... 92

viii Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 Executive Summary

In late 2008 and early 2009, the National Park Service (NPS) published a series of annotated vascular plant species checklists for each of the 16 park units in the Northern Colorado Pla- teau Network (NCPN). These reports were based on reviews of existing herbarium collections and ﬁ eld work associated with rare plant surveys, weed monitoring, vegetation mapping, and general ﬂ oristic studies conducted from 2004 to 2007.

In just four years, nearly 700 changes to park checklists have been necessary to keep up with new research. Since 2008, 432 new vascular plant species have been added to the fl oras of the 16 NCPN units. Zion National Park has seen the greatest increase, with 83 new plant taxa, followed by Dinosaur National Monument (57), Pipe Spring National Monument (56), and Bryce Canyon National Park and Cedar Breaks National Monument (both with 41). Over this same time period, the status of another 102 species has been changed. In most cases, species that were formerly classifi ed as reported or historical in a park have been rediscovered and verifi ed by a specimen, photograph, or confi rmed observation (although this list also includes a small number of species shown to be falsely reported on further examination). All told, 534 changes have been made to the annotated checklists of the 16 network parks in the last four fi eld seasons (2008–2011). In addition, recent nomenclatural changes have aff ected 48 Utah species represented by 159 park records.

Contents ix

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Northern Colorado Plateau Network (NCPN) program manager Dustin Perkins and the University of Wyoming’s Gary Beauvais for securing funding for this project through the Rocky Mountain Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit. The following botanists, ecologists, naturalists, curators, students, and friends helped with fi eld work or graciously shared their fi ndings: Arvid Aase, Brian Black, Hondo Brisbin, Jonathan Carvella, Debi Clark, Janet Coles, Trista Crook, Cheryl Decker, Josh Ducette, Laura Fertig, Brian Franzone, Tony Frates, Giuliana Gabbato, Amy Gaienne, Fred Govedich, William Gray, Brian Hadley, Wendy Hodgson, Noel Holmgren, Pat Holmgren, Pete Hoyt, Sophia Kast, Ken King- sley, Clay Kyte, Jenny Leasor, Peter Lesica, Becca Lieberg, Katrina Lund, Margaret Malm, Steve McKee, Mark Miller, Ryan Meszaros, Kezia Nielsen, Douglas Reynolds, Glenn Rink, Paul Roelandt, Charlie Schelz, Donna Shorrock, Joel Silverman, Stephanie Stewart, Amy Ten- dick, Joel Tuhy, Amber Van Alfen, Vicki Webster, Rebecca Harms Weissinger, Pete Williams, and the Fall 2011 Plant Anatomy and Diversity class from Southern Utah University (David Dodds, Sonia Flores, Shay Hunt, Katie Jackson, Michelle Kersiek, Makoto Kobayashi, Derek Lloyd, Dillon Monroe, Wendy Murray, Kaelyn Ward, and Sterling Young). Our apologies (and thanks) to anyone inadvertently left off of this list.

We would like to dedicate this publication to the memory of Ann Elder (Dinosaur NM) and Chris Nickel (Hovenweep NM), who helped with many phases of the botanical inventory work in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network.

Contents xi

1 Introduction New discoveries continued in 2010 and 2011. This report summarizes all of the new species discoveries and changes in status made In late 2008 and early 2009, the National in each NCPN park from 2008 to 2011. In a Park Service (NPS) published a series of an- departure from previous addenda, we have notated vascular plant species checklists for organized new species reports individually each of the 16 park units in the Northern by park. We have also included a revised Colorado Plateau Network (NCPN) (Fertig summary table for each park that provides 2009a, 2009b, 2009c, 2009d, 2009e, 2009f; statistics on the number of species confi rmed Fertig and Alexander 2008, 2009; Fertig and and reported, as well as the numbers of taxa Atwood 2009; Fertig and Kyte 2009; Fertig based on life form (e.g., trees, shrubs, peren- and Topp 2009; Fertig et al. 2009a, 2009b; nial forbs, annual grasses) and geographic Hogan et al. 2009a, 2009b, 2009c). These range patterns (e.g., introduced, local en- reports were based on reviews of existing demic, peripheral, widespread). herbarium collections and fi eld work associated with rare plant surveys, weed monitoring, vegetation mapping, and general fl oristic studies conducted from 2004 to 2007.

Since the appearance of these annotated checklists, additional studies have taken place in all 16 network parks, resulting in the discovery of new plant species in each park unit. In 2008 alone, 62 new species were documented in nine NCPN parks (Fertig 2008; Fertig et al. 2009c), while another 51 new species were discovered in 2009 (Fertig et al. 2010). In addition, nearly two dozen species previously listed as historical (not seen since 1970) or reported (without a voucher) have been relocated and conﬁ rmed as present since 2008.

Chapter 1: Introduction 1

2 Methods Colorado parks, Welsh et al. 2008 for Arizo- na and Utah parks, Dorn 2001 for Wyoming parks). The original annotated checklists for 2.1 Status the 11 Utah park units were based on an ear- The status of a species can change based on lier edition of A Utah Flora (Welsh et al. 2003). new information. Using the NPS technical se- The appropriate corrections in nomenclature ries annotated checklists (see Chapter 5) as a were made in the 2009 addendum (Fertig et al. baseline, we were able to determine whether 2009c) and are included in Appendix A. Un- species found during fi eld surveys or cited in fortunately, no single reference yet covers the recent literature were new to a park or rep- entire fl ora of the Southwest or intermountain resented a change in status (such as a species region. Specialists may be disappointed in formerly considered historical or reported). how their favorite taxonomic group is treated Additional species reports and supporting by current state fl oras. The decision to follow data (herbarium specimens, photographs, or state fl oras was made at the outset of this pro- location information) were generously project in 2004, in the belief that park staff and vided by park and network biologists and researchers would be most familiar with the outside researchers. Whenever possible, new names and taxonomic concepts being applied specimens were corroborated by one of the at the state level. Future name changes, reduc- authors or an outside expert. Changes in spe- tion of species to synonymy, elevation of va- cies status (see Table 2-1) were made to a mas- rieties to full species status, and alteration in ter spreadsheet database and summarized for family concepts will need to be addressed, es- each park. pecially as the Intermountain Flora and Flora of North America are completed and can be 2.2 Nomenclature adopted as alternatives to state-based fl oras. Species nomenclature for this update follows the most current identifi cation manual for each state (Weber and Wittmann 2001 for

Table 2-1. Categories and descriptions of park status for plant species. Number Category Description I Present in Species has been documented as occurring in a park based on a corroborated herbarium specimen park (voucher) or photograph taken from within park boundaries since 1970. The species is still presumed to be extant in the park. II Present Species has been observed within the park since 1970 and the location documented, but a voucher (observed) or photograph has not been taken (usually the plant is in too poor of a condition to be vouchered). Species is still presumed to be extant in the park. III Extirpated Species has been collected, photographed, or observed in the park during the past, but has been confi rmed to be extirpated. IV Historical Species has been documented in the park with a corroborated herbarium specimen, but has not been observed or relocated since before 1970. It is not known if the species has been extirpated in the park. V Reported Species has been cited as occurring in the park by a reliable literature source, but has not yet been confi rmed with a voucher specimen or photograph. Reports are considered reliable if the park is within the expected range of the species or has suitable habitat, or the species is unlikely to be mistaken for another taxon already documented from the area. VI False Report Species has been previously reported for a park in the literature or based on an herbarium specimen, but has been demonstrated to be misidentifi ed. VII Questionable Species has been reported for a park in the literature, but the park is outside of its expected range or lacks suitable habitat, or a more probable look-alike species is already known. No vouchers exist to corroborate presence or a misidentifi cation. VIII Potential Species could occur within the park based on its known distribution or the presence of suitable habitat, but has not yet been documented.

Chapter 2: Methods 3

3 Results onyms, common name, life form, geographic range, park status, population size, data source (literature reference or herbarium This chapter summarizes results for each of specimen with collector, collection number, the 16 network parks. Tables summarizing and repository), year documented, and other changes in the ﬂ ora of each park unit are or- comments. The tables utilize the following ganized alphabetically by family and species. abbreviations (Table 3-1): Additional information is provided on syn-

Table 3-1. Key to abbreviations in summary tables. Abbreviation Full name Description Life form (Life form) AnnF Annual forb Non-woody, broad-leaved plants that complete their life cycle in one year AnnG Annual graminoid Grass-like plants that complete their life cycle in one year Ferns and Fern Non-ﬂ owering vascular plants that reproduce by spores fern-allies PerF Perennial forb Non-woody, broad-leaved plants that live for multiple years Perennial PerG Grass-like plants that live for multiple years graminoid Shrub Shrub Woody perennials with one to many trunks and usually less than 3.5 m tall Tree Tree Woody perennials with a single stem or trunk over 3.5 m tall Geographic range (Range) Taxa with their in-state distribution separated from their main, contiguous range by a Disj Disjunct gap of more than 800 km or 500 miles Intro Introduced Non-native or exotic Taxa with their entire global range restricted to an area of less than 16,500 square km or LocEn Local endemic 1 degree of latitude × 2 degrees of longitude Taxa that are widespread globally but occur at the margin of their contiguous range Periph Peripheral within a state Taxa with a global range of 16,500–250,000 square km (an area about the size of the RegEn Regional endemic state of Wyoming Taxa have global ranges exceeding 250,000 square km and occur over at least 10% of the Wide Widespread state Park status (Status) FalsRep False report Hist Historical Po Potential Pres Present in park See Table 2-1 for descriptions. Pres (obs) Present (observed) Rep Reported Quest Questionable Population size (Pop size) Taxa with large populations, a broad ecological amplitude and dominant in one to Abund Abundant several vegetation types, or occurring extensively across a park unit Taxa with large local populations that may be restricted to a single vegetation type or do Com Common not occur across the entire park unit Rare Rare Taxa with low population numbers and restricted to a single location Taxa with low to medium-sized populations, a narrow ecological amplitude, or small Unc Uncommon range across the park unit Unk Unknown Data lacking, usually applied only to reported species

Chapter 3: Results 5 3.1 Arches National Park cliff s on the south and east side of the Colo- Since 2008, thirty new vascular plant species rado River, just outside the park. A collec- have been confi rmed or reported for Arches tion from this area by former Southeast Utah National Park (ARCH) (Tables 3-2, 3-3). Group (SEUG) biologist Charlie Schelz had These new discoveries were made by park been mistakenly attributed to ARCH. Poten- staff , the NCPN vegetation mapping crew tial habitat for this species may exist along (Coles et al. 2009a), and other researchers cliff s on the north side of the river (within the (Weissinger et al. 2011). Only seven of the park), but the species should not be consid- new taxa have been verifi ed with herbari- ered a member of the park’s fl ora until these um specimens or photographs, while 23 are areas are surveyed. based on unvouchered reports. Three new The “Sleepy Hollow vine,” fi rst reported species are non-native—pale madwort (Alys- for ARCH in 2009 (Fertig et al. 2010, p. 12), sum alyssoides), English plantain (Plantago has been relocated and observed to be lo- lanceolata), and ditch polypogon (Polypo- cally abundant, but has not yet been found gon interruptus)—but none is considered in fl ower. Based on a reexamination of the noxious by the State of Utah. At least nine material collected by SEUG biologist Mary of the newly reported species were previ- Moran, it is now thought to represent west- ously on the park’s potential species list (Fer- ern hedge-bindweed (Calystegia sepium var. tig et al. 2009a). The most notable addition angulata, rather than maurandya (Mauran- to the fl ora of ARCH is the Cisco mariposa dya antirrhinfl ora). (Calochortus ciscoensis), a species newly described by Welsh and others (2008) from a Six additional species reported by Coles and type specimen near Cisco, north of the park others (2009a) without vouchers are consid- (Figure 3-1). With these new discoveries, the ered questionable here. Each is either well confi rmed and reported fl ora of ARCH now out of its known range, found in habitats not stands at 551 taxa, an increase of 5.5% since present in ARCH, or probably confused with 2007 (Table 3-4). a look-alike species already known from the park. These taxa include: Alcove rock-daisy (Perityle specuicola) was formerly considered present in ARCH, but • Asclepias involucrata (Asclepiada- has now been dropped to the falsely reported ceae): report probably based on A. list (Table 3-3). This species is known from macrosperma • Artemisia ludoviciana var. latiloba (Compositae): montane variety, prob- Figure 3-1. Cisco ably mistaken for A. ludoviciana var. mariposa (Calochortus ludoviciana ciscoensis), newly described by Stanley • Grindelia aphanactis (Compositae): Welsh and colleagues in 2008 and endemic previous reports based on misidentifi ed to northeast Utah and specimens of G. fastigiata adjacent Colorado. This species was fi rst • Psoralidium junceum (Psoralea juncea) documented in Arches (Leguminosae): outside expected range National Park in 1953, but was included within • Calochortus fl exuosus (Liliaceae): out- sego lily (C. nuttallii). side expected range; report probably Both mariposa species are now known from based on C. ciscoensis the park. Cisco mariposa can be distinguished • Cryptogramma crispa (C. acrostichoides) from sego lily by its (Polypodiaceae): suitable habitat not solid white or pinkish present in ARCH petals, which lack a conspicuous, purple triangular patch above the nectary near the inner base of the petal. Photo by W. Fertig from just north of ARCH, May 2010.

6 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011

serrulata. H. armerioides. at higher elevations—report may be questionable. Source (year)/Comments Source potential list. potential list. indicated, most likely var. Previously on potential list. indicated. Somewhat out of range, could be mistaken for potential list. potential list. Pop size Range Status Life PerF Wide Pres Rare Moran photo (Fertig et al. 2009c, p. 12). form long-leaved starwort PerF Sparse Rep Unk Coles and others (2009a). Usually occurs red elderberry Shrub Wide Rep Unk and others (2011). Reported by Weissinger Wyoming big sagebrush Shrub Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2009a). Previously on hoary dusty-maiden PerF Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2009a). Previously on curly-cup gumweed PerF Wide Rep Unk not Coles and others (2009a). Variety pale madwortspreadingpod rockcress PerF AnnF Wide Intro Rep Rep Unk Unk Coles and others (2009a). Coles and others (2009a). Native to Europe. Common name stemless goldenweed PerFpoverty-weed Wide Rep Unk PerF not Coles and others (2009a). Variety Wide Repwestern hedge bindweed Unk Coles and others (2009a). Previously on aristate asterspineless horsebrush PerF RegEn Shrub Wide Rep Rep Com Coles and others (2009a). Previously on Unk Coles and others (2009a). . . var var & . nis, ) . angulata brachycarpa var National Park, 2008–2011. for Arches rmed or reported var var. var. ) douglasii ) . aristata ) var ) Seriphidium tridentatum A. divaricarpa, conﬁ Stenotus acaulis M. linearis, rigida, Dieteria Stellaria longifolia Artemisia tridentata wyomingensis ( wyomingense Arabis holboellii ( Boechera brachycarpa, B. divaricarpa Sambucus racemosa Chaenactis douglasii (Includes vars. montana Grindelia squarrosa Haplopappus acaulis ( Alyssum alyssoides Species (Synonyms) Iva axillaris Machaeranthera canescens aristata ( canescens Calystegia sepium Tetradymia canescens Tetradymia Caryophyllaceae Compositae (Asteraceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Table 3-2. New vascular plant taxa conﬁ Table Family Caprifoliaceae (Adoxaceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) *Convolvulaceae Compositae (Asteraceae)

Chapter 3: Results 7 ed. ed. osmiarum S. speciosa. Q. havardii × or georginum. intermedia . gambelii indicated. Native to Eurasia. range, could be mistaken for Previously on falsely reported list. (both previously on potential list). but most likely var. from ARCH have all been misidentifi from ARCH have all been misidentifi Source (year)/Comments Source most likely var. most likely var. potential list. Pop size Range Status Life PerG Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2009a). Somewhat out of form ower gilia AnnF Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2009a). reweed PerF Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2009a). English plantainlongfl PerF Intro Pres Unc Moran s.n. ARCH (2008). fi sheep fescueditch polypogon PerG PerGlemon scurf-pea Wide Intro Rep Pres Unk PerFCisco mariposa Unc not Coles and others (2009a). Variety Wide RW0939291991 ARCH (2010). Weissinger Pres PerF Unc RegEn Fertig & Lesica 25562 ARCH (2010). Pres Unc & Moore 2051 ARCH (1963). Welsh soft-stem bulrush PerG Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2009a). Previous reports hairy-pod pepperwort AnnF twinpodNewberry’s Wide PerF Rep RegEn Unk Rep not cited, Coles and others (2009a). Variety oakEastwood’s Unk Coles and others (2009a). Previous reports Shrub RegEn Rep Unk Coles and others (2009a) as thickspike wheatgrass PerG Wide RepNew Mexico Unkfeathergrass Coles and others (2009a). western tansy-mustard AnnF Wide Rep Com not cited, Coles and others (2009a). Variety dwarf gilia AnnF Wide Pres Unk Moran s.n. ARCH (2010). Previously on Common name . ) ) ) var var. Vars. not Vars. ora rmed or reported for Arches National Park, 2008–2011, cont. ) ) ora ) . validus Gilia longifl Gilia pumila Chamerion angustifolium Agropyron dasystachyum Psoralea lanceolata. Hesperostipa neomexicana Schoenoplectus Ipomopsis longifl ( Ipomopsis pumila ( Plantago lanceolata Epilobium angustifolium canescens ( Elymus lanceolatus ( Festuca ovina Psoralidium lanceolatum lanceolatum ( recognized by some authors) Polypogon interruptus Stipa neomexicana ( Calochortus ciscoensis Physaria newberryi Scirpus validus ( tabernaemontani, Sch. lacustris var Quercus × eastwoodiae Lepidium lasiocarpum Descurainia pinnata Species (Synonyms) Polemoniaceae Polemoniaceae *Plantaginaceae Onagraceae Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) *Liliaceae (Calochortaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cyperaceae Fagaceae Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Table 3-2. New vascular plant taxa confi Table Family Cruciferae (Brassicaceae)

8 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 or cernuum. C. nuttallii . Both species have now C. ciscoensis Source (year)/Comments Source indicated, but most likely var. indicated, but most likely var. Previously on potential list. Previously on potential list. Pop size collected outside of ARCH. Potential habitat present in the park. over whether ARCH material belonged to the recently described been documented in the park. Revised source (year) Revised source Pop size Range Status Pres Unc photograph (2010). There was previously confusion Topp Current Current status Life form originally considered Pres in Fertig et al. 2009a) Pres False Rep NA Schelz s.n. specimen cited by Fertig and others (2009a) Hist Pres Unc Moran s.n. ARCH (2010). Previous status Previous Common name nodding buckwheat AnnF Wide Pres Com not ST1004201001 (2010). Variety Topp pungent prickly-gilia Shrub Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2009a). slender lip-fern Fern Wide Pres Rare Fertig & Lesica 25563 ARCH (2010). sego-lily Rep (Fertig et al. 2009c; alcove rock-daisy slenderleaf scurf-pea Common name ) rmed or reported for Arches National Park, 2008–2011, cont. c name c Linanthus pungens Leptodactylon pungens ( Eriogonum cernuum Species (Synonyms) Cheilanthes feei stenophyllum Psoralidium lanceolatum var. Calochortus nuttallii Perityle specuicola Table 3-2. New vascular plant taxa conﬁ Table Polygonaceae Family Polemoniaceae Polygonaceae Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Liliaceae (Calochortaceae) Table 3-3. Changes in status for Arches National Park species, 2008–2011. 3-3. Changes in status for Arches Table FamilyCompositae (Asteraceae) Scientiﬁ *Indicates species cited in previous updates by Fertig and others (2009c) or (2010). *Indicates species cited in previous

Chapter 3: Results 9 Table 3-4. Revised statistical summary of the ﬂ ora of Arches National Park. Present or Reported Category Historical Total for park in park Taxonomic Diversity Total taxa 492 59 551 (including varieties and subspecies) Full species 467 53 520 (excluding varieties and subspecies) Families 68 2 70 Life Form Diversity Tree taxa 16 0 16 Shrub taxa 72 10 82 Perennial forb taxa 206 30 236 Annual forb taxa 97 11 108 Perennial graminoid taxa 71 6 77 Annual graminoid taxa 21 1 22 Fern taxa 9 1 10 Biogeographic Diversity Introduced taxa 70 8 78 Native taxa Locally endemic taxa 8 0 8 Regionally endemic taxa 66 10 76 Disjunct taxa 0 0 0 Peripheral taxa 8 0 8 Sparse taxa 7 1 8 Widespread taxa 333 40 373 Total native taxa 422 51 473

This table updates Table 3.1 from Fertig and others (2009a) and reﬂ ects new species discovered or relocated from 2008 to 2011. The number of taxa and families is based on taxonomic concepts of Welsh and others (2008).

10 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 3.2 Black Canyon of the Gunnison David Svendson, of the NCPN data manage- National Park ment team, noted the following errors in the annotated checklist for BLCA (Hogan et al. Eleven new species have been documented 2009b): or reported for Black Canyon of the Gunni- son National Park (BLCA) since 2008 (Table • Grindelia squarrosa var. squarrosa (As- 3-5). These taxa were all documented by teraceae): change to var. serrulata NCPN staff working on the park’s vegetation classifi cation (Coles et al. 2010). Crust- • Leucantha cyanus (Asteraceae): should weed (Glyptopleura marginata), in the sun- be spelled Leucacantha cyanus fl ower family, was also reported as new for • Ligularia bigelovii var. hallii (Astera- the park in 2009 (Fertig et al. 2010), but has ceae): delete variety since been shown to be a misidentifi ed speci- • Boechera demissa var. demissa (Bras- men of dwarf lousewort (Pedicularis centran- sicaceae) should be dropped from the thera, a species already documented in the potential list (Appendix B) park fl ora) (Table 3-6). With these additions, • Descurainia pinnata ssp. incisa (Bras- the known and reported fl ora of BLCA now sicaceae) should be Descurainia incisa stands at 543 taxa (Table 3-7), an increase of ssp. incisa 2.1% since 2007. • Sambucus microbotrys var. micobotrys Coles and others (2010) cite 10 additional (Caprifoliaceae): delete variety species for the fl ora of BLCA that were list- • Vicia americana var. americana (Faba- ed as falsely reported by Hogan and others ceae): delete variety (2009b, Appendix C as “NCPN (in ed.)”). These species are all unlikely to occur in • Persicaria maculata (Polygonaceae): BLCA due to a lack of suitable habitat, or should be spelled Persicaria maculosa the park being well outside of their known • Ranunculus inamoenus var. inamoenus or expected range. None of these taxa has (Ranunculaceae): delete variety been vouchered, so positive confi rmation is lacking.

Chapter 3: Results 11 potential list. Previously on potential list. potential list. potential list. Native to Africa. Range Status Pop size (year)/Comments Source Life form ower PerF RegEn Pres Unc ST09041102 BLCA (2011). Topp narrowleaf sedgeseemly sweetpeawhitestem gooseberry PerGprairie bluegrass Wide PerF Shrub Reppinyon dwarf-mistletoe Wide Sparse Rep Unk Rep PerF PerG Unk Coles and others (2010). Previously on Unk Wide Sparse Pres Crook (2009). Reported by Trista Rep Coles and others (2010). Previously on Unc Unk ST09191001 BLCA (2010) Topp Coles and others (2010) Bigelow’s tansy-asterBigelow’s three-tooth ragwort PerF Wide PerF Pres Wide Unc Rep ST09041001 BLCA (2010). Topp Unk Coles and others (2010). Eastwood plantpurpledisk sunﬂ PerF Sparsewestern tansy-mustard Pres Unc AnnF ST09041101 BLCA (2011). Topp Periph? Rep Unk Coles and others (2010). African mustard AnnF Intro Rep Unk Coles and others (2010). Previously on Common name ) ) for Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park, 2008–2011. rmed or reported . nelsonii ) . eleocharis var ) eucosmus ssp ) var. var. ) C. duriuscula, eleocharis L. brachycalyx Dieteria bigelovii Senecio tridenticulata D. nelsonii Strigosella africana ( Lathyrus eucosmus ( Ribes inerme Poa arida Arceuthobium divaricatum Chamaechaenactis scaposa Machaeranthera bigelovii ( Packera tridenticulata ( Descurainia pinnata ( Helianthella microcephala Malcolmia africana ( Carex stenophylla Species (Synonyms) *Fabaceae (Leguminosae) Grossulariaceae (Saxifragaceae) Poaceae (Gramineae) Viscaceae Asteraceae (Compositae) Asteraceae (Compositae) Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) Table 3-5. New vascular plant taxa conﬁ Table Family Asteraceae (Compositae) Asteraceae (Compositae) Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) Cyperaceae *Indicates species cited in previous updates by Fertig and others (2009c) or (2010). *Indicates species cited in previous

12 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 Table 3-6. Changes in status for Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park species, 2008–2011. Previous Current Pop Family Scientiﬁ c name Common name Revised source (year) status status size Compositae Glyptopleura crustweed Pres (Fertig False Rep NA Crook TC07250901 BLCA (2009) (Asteraceae) marginata et al. 2010) is a misidentiﬁ ed specimen of Pedicularis centranthera.

Table 3-7. Revised statistical summary of the ﬂ ora of Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park. Present or Reported Category Historical Total for park in park Taxonomic Diversity Total taxa 474 69 543 (including varieties and subspecies) Full species 469 67 536 (excluding varieties and subspecies) Families 87 3 90 Life Form Diversity Tree taxa 13 1 14 Shrub taxa 53 10 63 Perennial forb taxa 246 37 283 Annual forb taxa 73 12 85 Perennial graminoid taxa 73 8 81 Annual graminoid taxa 4 1 5 Fern taxa 12 0 12 Biogeographic Diversity Introduced taxa 63 11 74 Native taxa Locally endemic taxa 12 1 13 Regionally endemic taxa 30 6 36 Disjunct taxa 1 0 1 Peripheral taxa 7 5 12 Sparse taxa 4 1 5 Widespread taxa 357 45 402 Total native taxa 411 58 469

This table updates Table 3.1 from Hogan and others (2009b) and reﬂ ects new species discovered or relocated from 2008 to 2011. The number of taxa and families is based on taxonomic concepts of Weber and Wit- tmann (2001).

Chapter 3: Results 13 3.3 Bryce Canyon National Park • Cryptantha osterhoutii (Boraginaceae): In the past four years, wetland vegetation well out of expected range; more likely surveys by Terri Hildebrand and students to be Cryptantha abata, C. humilis, or C. from Southern Utah University and the ochroleuca NCPN vegetation mapping team (Tendick et • Arenaria fendleri var. fendleri (Caryo- al. 2011a) have netted 41 new vascular plant phyllaceae): previous reports were based species for Bryce Canyon National Park on A. fendleri var. glabrescens (BRCA) (Table 3-8). Another three species • Physaria newberryi (Cruciferae): all previously reported for the park have now previous reports based on P. intermedia been confi rmed with voucher specimens or P. rubicundula; may also represent P. (Table 3-9). At least 26 of the new records chambersii var. membranacea for BRCA are based on species previously • Carex geyeri (Cyperaceae): outside on the park’s potential species list (Fertig and Topp 2009, Appendix B). Among the expected range new species are two non-native taxa: blue • Carex raynoldsii (Cyperaceae): outside mustard (Chorispora tenella) and bulbous expected range bluegrass (Poa bulbosa). The latter species • Gentianella amarella (Gentiana- is rapidly expanding in southern Utah and ceae): previous reports based on G. can be extremely invasive. It is of potential heterosepala management concern and diffi cult to eradi- • Stipa neomexicana (Gramineae): unlike- cate because it reproduces by root off sets ly due to lack of suitable habitat and asexual bulblets. The fl ora of BRCA now stands at 628 taxa (Table 3-10), an increase of • Smilacina racemosa (Liliaceae): outside 7% since 2007. expected range • Zigadenus venenosus (Liliaceae): outside Tendick and others (2011a) cite the following expected range; probably Z. paniculatus 11 species as also occurring in the park. We consider these species questionable, as BRCA • Salix glauca (Salicaceae): outside ex- lacks suitable habitat, is located well outside pected range; suitable habitat probably their known distribution, or more plausible not present look-alike species are already known from • Cymopterus acaulis (Umbelliferae): within the park. Four of the taxa were previ- outside expected range; reports more ously listed as “falsely reported” (Fertig and likely to be Cymopterus minimus or C. Topp 2009, Appendix C) and none has been purpureus. vouchered from the park. The rejected species include:

14 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 eld Co. (Jones 5685). list. reported list. potential list. not given, bur probably var. potential list. Var. apricus. potential list. potential list. Previously on potential list. potential list. Pass, Henry Mts, Garfi potential list. potential list. Source (year)/Comments Source list. list. Pop size Range Status Shrub Wide Rep Unk and others (2011a). Previously on Tendick PerF Wide Rep Unk and others (2011a). Previously on Tendick Shrub Wide Rep Unk and others (2011a). Previously on Tendick PerF Disj Pres Unc locality: Bromide Hildebrand 3837 (2011). Type AnnF Wide Rep Unk and others (2011a). Previously on Tendick PerF Wide Pres Unc Hildebrand 4025 (2011). Previously on potential Life form PerF RegEn Pres Unc Hildebrand 3640 (2011). Previously on potential ower AnnF Wide Rep Unk and others (2011a). Tendick eabane PerF Wide Rep Unk and others (2011a). Previously on falsely Tendick prairie sunfl beautiful daisy PerF Wide Pres Unc Hildebrand 3890 (2011). Previously on potential tufted fl spruce astercutleaf PerF Wide Rep PerF Unk Wide and others (2011a). Previously on Tendick Rep Unk and others (2011a). Previously on Tendick mountain big sagebrush Louisiana wormwood blue mustard AnnF Intro Pres Unc Hildebrand 3824 (2011). Native to Asia. Bigelow’s Bigelow’s sagebrush slender wild cabbage red elderberry Shrub Wideshort agoseris Rep PerF Unk Wide and others (2011a). Previously on Tendick Pres Unc Murray 9 (2011). Previously on potential list. white-plume wirelettuce Rocky Mountain goldenrod Common name spindle-rooted bluebell A. ) by some ) S. major scopulorum Includes for Bryce Canyon National Park, 2008–2011. rmed or reported fallax . ludoviciana ) microbotrys FNA . vaseyana by some var. var. var. var. var ) var. var. ora var var. var. dasycephala var. var. paucifl , included in racemosa M. oblongifolia var. var. var. var. ) Symphyotrichum foliaceum Amauriopsis dissecta Seriphidium vaseyanum. C. major S. microbotrys Helianthus petiolaris Erigeron formosissimus Aster foliaceus ( Bahia dissecta ( Erigeron caespitosus Artemisia tridentata ( tridentata Artemisia ludoviciana Chorispora tenella Agoseris glauca Artemisia bigelovii Caulanthus crassicaulis ( racemosa authors) Stephanomeria exigua Sambucus racemosa ( Mertensia fusiformis (Included in Solidago multiradiata not recognized in (Vars. Species (Synonyms) authors) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Caprifoliaceae Table 3-8. New vascular plant taxa confi Table Family Boraginaceae

Chapter 3: Results 15 list. list list. list. and others (2011a). Previously on potential list. and others (2011a). Previously on potential list. potential list. list. reported list. Source (year)/Comments Source Pop size Range Status PerF Wide Pres Unc Hildebrand 3830 (2011). Previously on potential PerF RegEn Pres Unc Hildebrand 3639 (2011). Previously on potential AnnF Wide Pres Unc Hildebrand 4035 (2011). Previously on potential AnnF Wide Rep Unk and others (2011a). Tendick PerF Wide Rep Unk and others (2011a). Previously on falsely Tendick AnnF Wide Pres Unc Hildebrand 3820 (2011). Life form r Tree Wide Rep Unk and others (2011a). Previously on Tendick ower ddle-mustard low arrowgrass PerG Widefoothills death Prescamas Unc Hildebrand 3879 (2011). largefl sweetpea poverty rush PerG Wide Rep Unk and others (2011a). Tendick corrugate phacelia AnnFmountain rush Wide Rep PerG Wide Unk Pres and others (2011a). Tendick Unc Hildebrand 3939 (2011). Previously on potential bulbous bluegrass PerG Intro Pres Unc Hildebrand 3827 (2011). Native to Eurasia. reed canary grass PerG Wide Pres Unc Hildebrand 3935 (2011). Previously on potential analogue sedge PerG Wide Pres Unc Hildebrand 3904 (2011). Also cited by Tendick slender sedge PerG Sparse Pres Rare Hildebrand 3870 (2011). subalpine fi western sedge PerG Wide Pres Com Hildebrand 3856 (2011). Also cited by Tendick deceptive groundsmoke long-beak fi northern willow-herb poor-man’s poor-man’s pepperwort Common name wild hollyhock PerF Wide Pres Unc ST08071101 BRCA (2011). Topp ) ) by some ) pubescens laetivirens . corrugata montanus rmed or reported for Bryce Canyon National Park, 2008–2011, cont. scirpoidea var. var. var. var. var menziesii var. var. var. var. ssp. ) ) ) ar. cliatum, E. watsonii, ar. ) T. maritimum T. v ) ) Toxicoscordion paniculatum Toxicoscordion L. laetivirens J. dudleyi P. corrugata P. J. saximontanus, tracyi, Phalaroides arundinacea Abies bifolia L. virginicum E. ciliatum Iliamna rivularis Lathyrus lanszwertii Zigadenus paniculatus ( authors) ( Triglochin concinna Triglochin (Included in Juncus ensifolius Juncus tenuis ( ( xiphoides Phacelia crenulata ( Poa bulbosa Phalaris arundinacea ( Carex simulata Carex scirpoidea Abies lasiocarpa ( Carex occidentalis Gayophytum decipiens Streptanthella longirostris Epilobium ciliatum ( adenocaulon Lepidium virginicum ( Species (Synonyms) Malvacaeae Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Liliaceae (Melanthiaceae) Juncaginaceae Juncaceae Juncaceae Hydrophyllaceae Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Cyperaceae Cyperaceae Pinaceae Cyperaceae Onagraceae Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Onagraceae Table 3-8. New vascular plant taxa confi Table Family Cruciferae (Brassicaceae)

16 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 ower; cation to variety tentative. identifi Revised source (year) Revised source list. and others (2011a) without var. list. potential list. Source (year)/Comments Source potential list. list. list. Pop size Pop size Current Current status Previous Previous status Range Status PerF Wide Pres Unc Hildebrand 3652 (2011). Shrub Wide Rep Unk and others (2011a). Previously on Tendick Life form Nebraska sedge cranes-billRichardson’s Reptwincrest onion Rep Pres Hist Pres Unc Hildebrand 4026 (2011). Unc Pres Hildebrand 4015 (2011). Unc Hildebrand 3942 (2011). mountain goosefoot rockcressDrummond’s Hist Rep rockcressHolboell’s Pres Pres Hist Unc Unc Hildebrand 3811 (2011). Hildebrand 3855 (2011). Pres Com Hildebrand 3668 (2011). Specimen is in fl western valerian PerF Wide Pres Unc Hildebrand 3795 (2011). blunt sweet-cicely PerF Wide Pres Unc Hildebrand 3812 (2011). Previously on potential purslane speedwell AnnFmountain Widespring-parsley Pres Unc Hildebrand 4019 (2011). Previously on potential combleaf cinquefoil PerF Wide Pres Unc Hildebrand 3871 (2011). Also cited by Tendick Saskatoon serviceberry slender phlox AnnF Wide Pres Unc Hildebrand 3669 (2011). Previously on potential Engelmann spruce Tree Widewestern dock Rep Unk PerF and others (2011a). Previously on Wide Tendick Pres Unc Hildebrand 3940 (2011). Previously on potential Common name ) pinetorum ) ) var. var. xalapensis humilior elmeri rmed or reported for Bryce Canyon National Park, 2008–2011, cont. var. var. var. var. humilior fenestratus, R. var. var. c name Common name ) occidentalis ssp. var. var. ssp. Carex nebrascensis Geranium richardsonii Allium bisceptrum Chenopodium atrovirens Arabis drummondii Arabis holboellii C. longilobus, Pteryxia hendersonii P. pectinisecta P. R. aquaticus Phlox gracilis Valeriana occidentalis Valeriana Veronica peregrina Veronica Cymopterus hendersonii ( Osmorhiza depauperata ( Potentilla gracilis Microsteris gracilis Rumex occidentalis ( aquaticus Amelanchier alnifolia ( Picea engelmannii Species (Synonyms) Valerianaceae Scrophulariaceae Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) Rosaceae Cyperaceae Geraniaceae Liliaceae (Alliaceae) Polemoniaceae Polygonaceae Rosaceae Family Pinaceae 3-9. Changes in status for Bryce Canyon National Park species, 2008–2011. Table FamilyChenopodiaceae Scientifi Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Table 3-8. New vascular plant taxa confi Table

Chapter 3: Results 17 Table 3-10. Revised statistical summary of the ﬂ ora of Bryce Canyon National Park. Present or Reported Category Historical Total for park in park Taxonomic Diversity Total taxa 581 47 628 (including varieties and subspecies) Full species 551 38 589 (excluding varieties and subspecies) Families 73 0 73 Life Form Diversity Tree taxa 18 2 20 Shrub taxa 72 6 78 Perennial forb taxa 331 26 357 Annual forb taxa 63 10 73 Perennial graminoid taxa 85 3 88 Annual graminoid taxa 7 0 7 Fern taxa 5 0 5 Biogeographic Diversity Introduced taxa 60 2 62 Native taxa Locally endemic taxa 19 3 22 Regionally endemic taxa 47 4 51 Disjunct taxa 4 0 4 Peripheral taxa 2 0 2 Sparse taxa 11 0 11 Widespread taxa 438 38 476 Total native taxa 521 45 566

This table updates Table 3.1 from Fertig and Topp (2009) and reﬂ ects new species discovered or relocated from 2008 to 2011. The number of taxa and families is based on taxonomic concepts of Welsh and others (2008).

18 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 3.4 Canyonlands National Park • Erigeron uintahensis (Compositae): out- National Park Service staff scientists and oth- side of expected range; suitable habitat er researchers (Tendick et al. 2012 in prep.) lacking have added 33 plant species to the known • Haplopappus acaulis: (Compositae) out- fl ora of Canyonlands National Park (CANY) side expected range; reports probably since 2008 (Table 3-11). At least 16 of those based on H. armerioides species were previously listed as “potential” • Hymenoxys acaulis var. arizonica (Com- for the park (Fertig et al. 2009b, Appendix positae): previous reports based on var. B). Another four species that were formerly ivesiana reported for the park (without vouchers) • Machaeranthera canescens var. glabra have since been confi rmed as being present (Compositae): included in M. canescens (Table 3-12). One of the new species records, var. aristata by Welsh and others (2008) pepperwort, (Marsilea vestita) represents a new family (Marsileaceae) for the park. • Arabis hirsuta (Cruciferae): outside With these additions, the fl ora of CANY now expected range stands at 627 confi rmed and reported species • Chamaesyce albomarginata (Euphor- (Table 3-13), an increase of 5.6% over the last biaceae): outside expected range; report four years. probably based on C. fendleri The NCPN vegetation mapping team has • Calamagrostis canadensis (Gramineae): reported another 30 species for CANY that suitable habitat not present; probably are considered questionable here (Tendick et based on C. scopulorum al. 2012 in prep.). These taxa (listed below) • Elymus spicatus (Gramineae): suitable are excluded primarily because CANY lacks habitat lacking suitable habitat or is outside the species’ pre- • Festuca ovina (Gramineae): suitable dicted range. Herbarium vouchers or photo- habitat lacking graphs are needed to confi rm their presence in the park. • Poa annua (Gramineae): outside expected range; suitable habitat lacking • Lithospermum multifl orum (Boraginace- • Stipa lettermanii (Gramineae): outside ae): suitable habitat not present; report expected range; suitable habitat lacking probably based on L. incisum • Swertia albomarginata (Gentianaceae): • Tiquilia hispidissima (Boraginaceae): previous reports based on S. utahensis synonym of Tiquilia latior • Astragalus convallarius var. convallarius • Opuntia whipplei (Cactaceae): diffi cult (Leguminosae): somewhat out of range; to mistake, though CANY is outside report more likely to be A. episcopus expected range; confi rmation needed • Psoralidium tenuifl orum (Legumino- • Symphoricarpos oreophilus (Caprifolia- sae): cited as questionable (Fertig et al. ceae): suitable habitat largely absent 2009b) • Arenaria fendleri var. fendleri (Caryo- • Zigadenus elegans (Liliaceae): usually a phyllaceae): outside expected range; montane species; previous reports have reports probably based on var. all been Z. vaginatus eastwoodiae • Ipomopsis congesta (Polemoniaceae): • Corispermum villosum (Chenopodiace- previous reports based on I. pumila ae): Previous reports (Albee et al. 1988) • Phlox austromontana (Polemoniaceae): are now thought to represent C. ameri- previous report based on P. hoodii canum (already on CANY present list) • Amelanchier alnifolia (Rosaceae): previ- • Antennaria parvifolia (Compositae): ous reports based on A. utahensis previous reports based on A. marginata; suitable habitat probably lacking • Peraphyllum ramosissimum (Rosaceae): usually a montane species, confi rmation • Brickellia grandifl ora (Compositae): needed suitable habitat probably lacking; report may be based on B. californica

Chapter 3: Results 19 • Potentilla biennis (Rosaceae): previous • Penstemon barbatus (Scrophulariaceae): reports based on P. paradoxa; outside suitable habitat not present. expected range • Populus angustifolia (Salicaceae): usually found in montane habitats; reports may be based on P. × intercurrens

20 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 Quercus gambelii Q. Welshii. Previously on potential list. potential list. potential list. falsely reported list. falsely reported list. potential list. falsely reported list. Native to Europe. potential list. potential list. potential list. Hybrid of × potential list. falsely reported list. potential list. Range Status Pop size (year)/Comments Source Shrub Wide Rep Unk and others (2012). Previously on Tendick Life form ower AnnF RegEn Rep Unk and others (2012). Previously on Tendick devil’s beggarsticksdevil’s PerF Wide Pres Unc Moran & Miller s.n. CANY (2010). Wyoming big sagebrush lanceleaf rabbitbrush Shrubwavy-leaved thistle Wide PerF Rep gum-weedRydberg’s PerF Wide Unksand sunfl Periph Pres and others (2012). Previously on Tendick pale madwort Pres Unc Rarebottlebrush sedge AnnF Moran s.n. CANY (2011). Previously on PerG Rink 4613 NAU (2005). Previously on thyme-leaved spurge Intro AnnF Wide oakEastwood’s Rep Wide Pres Pres Unk Shrubshortawn foxtail Unc RegEn Unc and others (2012). Previously on Tendick PerG Moran s.n. CANY (2011). Previously on Rep Harms s.n. NAU (2003). Previously on Wide Unk Pres and others (2012). Previously on Tendick Unc Moran & Miller s.n. CANY (2011). broom seepweed AnnF Wide Rep Unk and others (2012). Tendick pretty rabbitbrush Shrub Periph Rep Unk and others (2012). Previously on Tendick brittle prickly-pear PerFdesert goosefoot Wide AnnFred goosefoot Pres Sparse AnnF Unc Rep Wide Unk Hodgson 23988 DES (2009). Previously on Pres and others (2012). Previously on Tendick Unk Moran & Miller s.n. CANY (2010). Common name ) . var. var. var. var. var ) ) ) var. var. orus var. var. for Canyonlands National Park, 2008–2011. rmed or reported var. var. ) ) aphanactis H. deserticola var. var. Serophidium tridentatum C. baileyi, Ericameria pulchella G. nuda Euphorbia serpyllifolia C. pratericola Bidens frondosa Artemisia tridentata Chrysothamnus pulchellus wyomingensis ( wyomingense baileyi ( lanceolatus Cirsium undulatum undulatum Grindelia aphanactis ( Helianthus anomalus (Includes Alyssum alyssoides Carex hystricina Chamaesyce serpyllifolia ( Quercus × eastwoodiae Alopecurus aequalis Suaeda calceoliformis Chrysothamnus viscidifl Opuntia fragilis Chenopodium desiccatum ( Chenopodium rubrum rubrum Species (Synonyms) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cyperaceae Euphorbiaceae Fagaceae Gramineae (Poaceae) Chenopodiaceae Compositae (Asteraceae) Table 3-11. New vascular plant taxa confi Table Family Cactaceae Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae

Chapter 3: Results 21 potential list. potential list. reported by Schelz and others (2006), but mistakenly treated as questionable. Reported for CANY by Fertig and others (2009), voucher taken in 2010 and upgraded to Present. Native Eurasia. potential list. Europe. potential list. falsely reported list. potential list. Eurasia. Utah state noxious weed. Range Status Pop size (year)/Comments Source PerF Wide Pres Unk Moran s.n. CANY (2008). Life form nger grass AnnG Wide Pres Unc Moran s.n. CANY (2011). eld mint PerF Wide Pres Unk Moran s.n. CANY (2008). Previously on fi creeping rushpea PerFpepperwort RegEnbronze Rep Fernevening-primrose Unk Wide and others (2012). Previously on Pres Tendick Unc Moran & Miller s.n. CANY (2011). First water smartweed PerF Widewillow-weed Pres Unc AnnF Miller & Moran s.n. CANY (2010). Intro Pres Unc Moran & Miller s.n. CANY (2010). Great Basin wildrye PerG Wide Rep Unk and others (2012). Previously on Tendick Kentucky bluegrass PerG Intro Rep Unk and others (2012). Native to Tendick toad rush AnnG Wide Pres Unc Schelz s.n. CANY (2005). Previously on Arizona threeawn AnnGyellow bluestem Periphfeather fi PerG Rep Intro Unk Pres and others (2012). Previously on Tendick Unk Moran s.n. CANY (2008). Previously on quackgrass PerG Intro Rep Unk and others (2012). Native to Tendick teal lovegrass AnnG Periph Pres Unk Moran s.n. CANY (2008). Common name ) . ) var ) ) . glabrata songarica var ) ) . canadensis rmed or reported for Canyonlands National Park, 2008–2011, cont. var. var. var ) ) Hoffmanseggia repens Hoffmanseggia Persicaria lapathifolia M. arvensis O. brachycarpa Polygonum amphibium Leymus cinereus Agropyron repens, Elytrigia B. ischaemum Caesalpinia repens ( Polygonum lapathifolium ( ( Marsilea vestita Oenothera howardii ( Polygonum amphibium ( emersum, Po. coccineum, Persicaria coccinea, Pe. amphibia Elymus cinereus ( Elymus repens ( repens Poa pratensis Juncus bufonius Mentha arvensis Aristida arizonica Bothriochloa ischaemum ( Chloris virgata Eragrostis hypnoides Species (Synonyms) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) *Polygonaceae Marsilieaceae *Onagraceae Polygonaceae Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Juncaceae *Labiatae (Lamiaceae) Table 3-11. New vascular plant taxa confi Table Family Gramineae (Poaceae) *Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) *Gramineae (Poaceae)

22 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 rmation needed. rmation potential list. fragmentary—confi Native to Eurasia. potential list. Revised source (year) Revised source Pop size Current Current status Range Status Pop size (year)/Comments Source Previous Previous status AnnF Wide Pres Unc Moran s.n. CANY(2010). Previously on Life form ower lady’s-thumb AnnF Intro Rep Unk Moran s.n. CANY (2008) specimen antelope bitterbrush Shrubreddish Widemonkeyfl Rep Unk and others (2012). Previously on Tendick Common name tumble pigweed goldenweedRusby’s foothills death camaswoolly mullein Rep Rep Rep Pres Pres Pres Rep Unc Unc Unc Miller & Moran s.n. CANY (2010). Harms s.n. NAU (2003). Pres ST0531201001 CANY (2010). Topp Unk Moran s.n. CANY (2008). Native to Eurasia. ) rmed or reported for Canyonlands National Park, 2008–2011, cont. c name Common name Amaranthus albus Haplopappus rusbyi Zigadenus paniculatus thapsus Verbascum Persicaria maculosa Polygonum persicaria ( Species (Synonyms) Purshia tridentata Mimulus rubellus Table 3-11. New vascular plant taxa confi Table Family *Polygonaceae Rosaceae Scrophulariaceae Compositae (Asteraceae) Liliaceae *Scrophulariaceae Table 3-12. Changes in status for Canyonlands National Park species, 2008–2011. Table FamilyAmaranthaceae Scientifi *Indicates species cited in previous updates by Fertig and others (2009c) or (2010). *Indicates species cited in previous *Indicates species cited in previous updates by Fertig and others (2009c) or (2010). *Indicates species cited in previous

Chapter 3: Results 23 Table 3-13. Revised statistical summary of the ﬂ ora of Canyonlands National Park. Present or Reported Category Historical Total for park in park Taxonomic Diversity Total taxa 556 71 627 (including varieties and subspecies) Full species 532 64 596 (excluding varieties and subspecies) Families 71 2 73 Life Form Diversity Tree taxa 15 5 20 Shrub taxa 86 12 98 Perennial forb taxa 247 26 273 Annual forb taxa 104 13 117 Perennial graminoid taxa 75 13 88 Annual graminoid taxa 20 2 22 Fern taxa 9 0 9 Biogeographic Diversity Introduced taxa 53 20 73 Native taxa Locally endemic taxa 15 1 16 Regionally endemic taxa 83 11 94 Disjunct taxa 0 0 0 Peripheral taxa 14 6 20 Sparse taxa 4 4 8 Widespread taxa 387 29 416 Total native taxa 503 51 554

This table updates Table 3.1 from Fertig and others (2009b) and Table 4 from Fertig and others (2009c) and reﬂ ects new species discovered or relocated from 2008 to 2011. The number of taxa and families is based on taxonomic concepts of Welsh and others (2008).

24 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 3.5 Capitol Reef National Park is well outside the known or expected range Fieldwork by NCPN vegetation mappers of the species, or a more probable look-alike (Clark et al. 2009) and other researchers species is already known. Until vouchers are since 2008, and a review of recent literature secured to corroborate their presence, the (Clark 2009), have added 22 new vascular status of these species should be considered plant species to the fl ora of Capitol Reef Na- questionable. These taxa include: tional Park (CARE) (Table 3-14). Of the new • Coryphantha vivipara var. vivipara species, six have been confi rmed with vouch- (Cactaceae): more likely to be var. ers and 16 are reported. Eleven of the new arizonica reports were species previously considered falsely reported and fi ve were on the park’s • Corispermum villosum (Chenopodia- potential species list (Fertig 2009a, Appendix ceae): more likely to be C. americanum C and B). One other species formerly cited as • Erigeron annuus (Compositae): outside reported has now been confi rmed as present of expected range (Table 3-15). With the addition of these new • Tetradymia nuttallii (Compositae): out- species, the documented and reported fl ora side of expected range; previous reports of CARE is now 909 taxa (Table 3-16). This have been T. spinosa represents an increase of 2.5% from the fl ora known in 2007. • Xylorhiza glabriuscula (Compositae): outside of expected range; more likely to Only two new exotic species have been add- be Xylorhiza confertifolia or X. venusta ed to the fl ora over the last four years. Of • Ephedra nevadensis (Ephedraceae): these, meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis) has previous reports have been E. viridis var. the greatest potential to become invasive, es- viridis; somewhat out of range pecially in riparian areas. • Arctostaphylos pungens (Ericaceae): Two of the new native species for the park outside of expected range; more likely to are local endemics of the San Rafael Swell. be A. patula Bolander’s camissonia Camissonia bolanderi • Nama demissum (Hydrophyllaceae): was recently described as a new species to outside of expected range; report may science by Atwood and Welsh (2007). A du- be based on N. retrorsum plicate of a Ken Heil collection from CARE • Sisyrinchium halophilum (Iridaceae): housed at the Brigham Young University her- well outside of expected range; probably barium has been annotated as C. bolanderi misidentifi ed S. demissum (Welsh et al. 2008). The status of this species remains poorly known, and it has recently • Astragalus castaneiformis (Legu- been added to the Utah state sensitive plant minosae): well outside of expected list of the Bureau of Land Management. range; previous reports all based on A. Johnston’s cryptanth (Cryptantha johnsto- consobrinus nii) had previously been documented for the • Allium textile (Liliaceae): unlikely; read- park but specimens in the CARE herbarium ily confused with A. macropetalum appeared to be misidentifi ed (Fertig 2009a, • Ipomopsis congesta var. congesta (Pol- Appendix C). Debi Clark includes this spe- emoniaceae): outside of expected range; cies in her recent book Capitol Reef Wildfl ow- report may be based on var. frutescens ers (Clark 2009), with a note that it is “found • Phlox muscoides (Polemoniaceae): in the northern portion of the park on gyp- commonly mistaken for Leptodactylon sum soils with well-developed biological soil caespitosum crusts.” She also includes a photo, though the image shows a fl owering plant and not the • Eriogonum corymbosum var. revealia- diagnostic fruits. Better confi rmation of this num (Polygonaceae): previous reports report is still needed. all based on the recently described var. heilii Several additional species reported for • Eriogonum maculatum (Polygonaceae): CARE by the NCPN vegetation mapping well outside of expected range group (Clark et al. 2009) have been excluded here because the park lacks suitable habitat,

Chapter 3: Results 25 • Fragaria vesca (Rosaceae) outside of woodyaster (X. imberbis; X. tortifolia var. im- expected range; report probably based berbis), a species already documented for the on F. virginiana park. The photo of Hopi-tea (Thelesperma • Penstemon lentus (Scrophulariaceae): megapotamicum) in the book appears to be outside expected range a rayless form of scapose greenthread (T. subnudum var. subnudum), which is also already • Penstemon strictiformis (Scrophularia- known from CARE. Otherwise, T. megapota- ceae) outside expected range; previous micum is out of range in south-central Utah. reports all based on P. scariosus var. Fendlerbush (Fendlera rupicola) and creep- scariosus. ing rush-pea (Caesalpinia repens) are both included in the book, though the text correctly In addition, four species included in Clark notes that they have not been documented (2009) have been excluded. Mojave woody- from the park itself. A careless reader could aster (Xylorhiza tortifolia) is now considered be confused into thinking they are members a Mohave endemic and known only from the of the park ﬂ ora. St. George area in Utah (Welsh et al. 2008). The photo in Clark’s book depicts hurtleaf

26 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 . ed (previously falsely ed specimens in CARE ed specimens in CARE ed specimens in CARE Q. havardii × gambellii rmation needed (photo from Clark 2009 nitive). reported list. Native to Eurasia. reported based on misidentifi herbarium. Previously cited as falsely reported. reported based on misidentifi herbarium. reported based on misidentifi herbarium. Native to Eurasia. potential list. on potential list. end of park. All previous herbarium specimens observed at CARE have been misidentifi reported). Confi not defi Source (year)/Comments Source Pop size Range Status Life PerF Wide Rep Unk Clark and others (2009). form meadow fescue PerGreed canary grass Intro PerG Pres Wide Unc Pres 06290901 CARE (2009). Previously on falsely Weissinger Unc Ducette JD08071101 (2011). Nelson’s needlegrassNelson’s PerG Wide Rep Unk Clark and others (2009). Previously cited as falsely Idaho fescue PerG Wide Rep Unk Clark and others (2009). Eastwood’s oakEastwood’s Shrub RegEn Rep Unk Clark and others (2009) as soft-stem bulrush PerG Wide Rep Unk Clark and others (2009). Previously cited as falsely prenanthella AnnF Wide Pres Rare s.n. CARE (2010). Previously on potential list. Topp arrowleaf balsamroot tumbling orach AnnF Intro Rep Unk Clark and others (2009). Previously cited as falsely Hooker’s sandwortHooker’s PerF RegEn Pres Unk Clark (2009) photo from N end of park. Previously on common prickly pear PerF Wide Rep Unk not indicated. Previously Clark and others (2009). Variety Johnston’s cryptanthJohnston’s PerF LocEn Rep Unk Clark (2009) includes a photo and reports species from N Common name ) for Capitol Reef National Park, 2008–2011. rmed or reported ) ) ) ) ) ingrata var. var. var. var. . nelsonii var. var. ) var . validus ssp ) Phalaroides arundinacea Achnatherum nelsonii, S. Lolium pratense, F. idahoensis F. Schoenoplectus Lygodesmia exigua Lygodesmia Eremogone hookeri O. polyacantha Phalaris arundinacea ( Stipa nelsonii ( columbiana Festuca pratensis ( Schedonorus pratensis Festuca ovina ( Quercus × eastwoodiae Scirpus validus ( tabernaemontani, Sch. lacustris Prenanthella exigua ( Balsamorhiza sagittata Atriplex rosea Arenaria hookeri desertorum ( Opuntia erinacea ( erinacea Cryptantha johnstonii Species (Synonyms) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) *Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Fagaceae Cyperaceae Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Chenopodiaceae Caryophyllaceae Cactaceae Table 3-14. New vascular plant taxa confi Table Family Boraginaceae

Chapter 3: Results 27 ed specimens in CARE ed specimens in CARE ed specimens in CARE ed specimens in CARE . Previously cited as falsely . Previously cited as falsely oblongifolius diversifolia laetivirens. reported based on misidentifi herbarium. reported based on misidentifi herbarium. probably var. probably var. cited by Welsh and others (2008). cited by Welsh reported based on misidentifi herbarium. Source (year)/Comments Source most likely var. most likely var. likely var. reported based on misidentifi herbarium. Pop size Range Status Life PerF Wide Rep Unk Clark and others (2009). Previously cited as falsely PerF Wide Rep Unk not indicated, but most Clark and others (2009). Variety form AnnF Wide Pres Com s.n. CARE (2010). Previously on potential list. Topp AnnF LocEn Pres Rare Heil 2743 CARE (1986). Newly described species, duplicate r Tree Wide Rep Unk Clark and others (2009). Nuttall’s linanthusNuttall’s PerF Wide Rep Unk Clark and others (2009). Previously cited as falsely white fi smooth wild buckwheat wedgeleaf cinquefoil PerF WideCanadian white Repviolet Unk not indicated, but Clark and others (2009). Variety Bolander’s Bolander’s camissonia weedy milkvetch PerF Wide Rep oniontaper-tip desert olive Unk not indicated, but Clark and others (2009). Variety PerF Wide Shrub Rep Wide Unk Rep Clark and others (2009). Unk Clark and others (2009). Previously on potential list. Common name Lanszwert’s Lanszwert’s sweetpea ) ) rmed or reported for Capitol Reef National Park, 2008–2011, cont. ) ) Stenogonum salsuginosum Leptosiphon nuttallii, V. scopulorum, V. rydbergii scopulorum, V. V. F. neomexicana F. Eriogonum salsuginosum ( Linanthastrum nuttallii ( Linanthus nuttallii Potentilla diversifolia Abies concolor Viola canadensis ( Forestiera pubescens ( Camissonia bolanderi Allium acuminatum Astragalus miser Species (Synonyms) Lathyrus lanszwertii Polygonaceae Polemoniaceae Rosaceae Pinaceae Violaceae Oleaceae *Onagraceae Liliaceae (Alliaceae) Family Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) *Indicates species cited in previous updates by Fertig and others (2009c) or (2010). *Indicates species cited in previous Table 3-14. New vascular plant taxa confi Table

28 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 Table 3-15. Changes in status for Capitol Reef National Park species, 2008–2011. Previous Current Pop Family Scientiﬁ c name Common name Revised source (year) status status size Papaveraceae Argemone munita var. armed Rep Pres Unk Clark (2009) photo, rotundata prickly-poppy found in S end of park.

Table 3-16. Revised statistical summary of the ﬂ ora of Capitol Reef National Park. Present or Reported Category Historical Total for park in park Taxonomic Diversity Total taxa 842 67 909 (including varieties and subspecies) Full species 793 59 852 (excluding varieties and subspecies) Families 90 1 91 Life Form Diversity Tree taxa 49 3 52 Shrub taxa 115 10 125 Perennial forb taxa 398 39 437 Annual forb taxa 138 5 143 Perennial graminoid taxa 110 9 119 Annual graminoid taxa 22 1 23 Fern taxa 10 0 10 Biogeographic Diversity Introduced taxa 120 4 124 Native taxa Locally endemic taxa 27 2 29 Regionally endemic taxa 111 6 117 Disjunct taxa 1 0 1 Peripheral taxa 8 0 8 Sparse taxa 14 1 15 Widespread taxa 561 54 615 Total native taxa 722 63 785

This table updates Table 3.1 from Fertig (2009a) and reﬂ ects new species discovered or relocated from 2008 to 2011. The number of taxa and families is based on taxonomic concepts of Welsh and others (2008).

Chapter 3: Results 29 3.6 Cedar Breaks National bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare) and prickly let- Monument tuce (Lactuca serriola). Neither is considered noxious by the State of Utah. Since 2008, a rare plant survey (Fertig and Reynolds 2009), general fl oristic survey (Fer- The adjacent Ashdown Gorge Wilderness tig 2009g), and vegetation mapping study Area of Dixie National Forest contains 308 (Tendick et al. 2011b) have documented 41 vascular plant taxa (Fertig 2009g). In recent new plant species for Cedar Breaks National years, the Iron County Commission has dis- Monument (CEBR) (Table 3-17). One taxon, cussed the potential of merging the wilder- Zion jamesia (Jamesia americana var. zionis), ness area with CEBR to create a larger Cedar was removed from the fl ora (Table 3-18) after Breaks National Park. Though no action has it was found that monument specimens were been taken on this idea, the fl ora of CEBR misidentifi ed (Fertig and Reynolds 2009). would increase by 56 species if the two areas Overall, the fl ora of CEBR has increased by were merged (not counting 5 additional taxa 40 species (11.6%), to a current total of 385 from Ashdown Gorge recently reported for taxa (Table 3-19). At least 27 of the new spe- the monument by Tendick et al. 2011b) (Fer- cies were previously identifi ed as potential tig 2009g). or falsely reported for the monument (Fertig 2009b). Several additional species reported for CEBR by the vegetation mapping team (Tendick Among the noteworthy additions to the fl o- et al. 2011b) were not substantiated with ra of CEBR over the last four years are fi rst voucher specimens and are here considered reports of rosy cliff jamesia (Jamesia ameri- questionable. These are mainly species that cana var. rosea) for Utah (Fertig and Reyn- are out of range, occur in habitats not found olds 2009), and three new families: Ephe- in CEBR, or are already represented in the draceae, Loasaceae, and Ophioglossaceae fl ora by more plausible look-alikes. These (Figure 3-2). One new local endemic, Tushar taxa include: penstemon (Penstemon caespitosus var. suffruticosus), is now known from the bottom • Alnus incana (Betulaceae): somewhat of Ashdown Canyon within the monument. out of range; may be Betula occidentalis Two additional non-native species have also • Mertensia ciliata (Boraginaceae): out of been documented from the canyon bottom: range; more likely to be M. arizonica, a very abundant look-alike species at CEBR

Figure 3-2. Moonwort • Erigeron canaanii (Compositae): a Zion (Botrychium lunaria), National Park and Navajo sandstone newly documented for Cedar Breaks National endemic that lacks suitable habitat in Monument from the CEBR north rim of the Cedar Breaks Amphitheater in • Hieracium albifl orum (Compositae): August 2009. This species well out of range is the fi rst member of the Ophioglossaceae • Senecio crassulus (Compositae): well out (moonwort) family to of range be found in CEBR. Only one individual was • Smilacina racemosa (Liliaceae): out of observed and so it was photographed rather range, more likely to be S. stellata than collected. Photo • Rumex paucifolius (Polygonaceae): out by W. Fertig from Fertig (2009g). of range • Delphinium occidentale (Ranuncula- ceae): all previous records based on Aconitum columbianum; more likely to be D. barbeyi • Ligusticum fi licinum (Umbelliferae): well out of range; probably L. porteri.

30 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 Previously on potential dimorphophyllus Source (year)/Comments Source list. potential list. potential list. Native to Europe. potential list. potential list. probably var. probably var. list. Pop size Range Status Life form bigtooth maple Tree Wide Pres Unc Fertig 25115 CEBR (2009). Previously on potential list. squawbush Shrub Wide Rep Unk and others (2011b). Previously on potential list. Tendick Common name western stickseed AnnF Wide Pres Rare Fertig, Holmgren, & Holmgren 25071 CEBR (2009). showy stoneseed PerF Wide Rep Unk and others (2011b). Previously on potential list. Tendick umbrella starwort PerF Wide Pres Unc ST08060901 CEBR (2009). Previously on potential Topp Fremont’s goosefootFremont’s AnnF Wide Rep Unk and others (2011b). Previously on potential list. Tendick Carruth’s wormwoodCarruth’s PerF Wide Pres Rare Fertig & Reynolds 24233 CEBR (2008). Previously on Eaton’s asterEaton’s PerF Wide Rep Unk and others (2011b). Previously on potential list. Tendick dwarf rabbitbrush Shrub Wide Rep Unk and others (2011b). Tendick Fish Lake thistle PerF RegEn Pres Rare (1982). Previously on & Neese 21349 BRY Welsh spreading daisy PerF Wide Pres Unc Fertig & Reynolds 24210 CEBR (2008). Previously on prickly lettuce AnnF Intro Pres Unc Fertig 25130 CEBR (2009). Native to Europe. hoary aster PerF Wide Pres Unc Fertig & Reynolds 24230 CEBR (2008). Previously on two-leaf groundsel PerF RegEn Rep Unk not indicated, but and others (2011b). Variety Tendick . . var ) National Monument, 2008–2011. for Cedar Breaks rmed or reported ) ) var ) . divergens clavatum var. var. trilobata var var. var. . redowskii var. var. . trilobata bull thistle PerF Intro Pres Rare Fertig 25129 CEBR (2009). Previously on potential list. . canescens var ) var ) var R. trilobata L. redowskii C. fremontii Symphyotrichum eatonii, A. Aster canescens, Dieteria Packera dimorphophylla Acer grandidentatum Species (Synonyms) Rhus aromatica ( Lappula occidentalis occidentalis ( Lithospermum incisum Stellaria umbellata Chenopodium fremontii fremontii ( Artemisia carruthii Aster eatonii ( bracteolatus Chrysothamnus depressus Cirsium clavatum Cirsium vulgare Erigeron divergens Lactuca serriola Machaeranthera canescens canescens ( canescens Senecio dimorphophyllus ( Table 3-17. New vascular plant taxa conﬁ Table Family *Aceraceae Anacardiaceae *Boraginaceae Boraginaceae *Caryophyllaceae Chenopodiaceae *Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) *Compositae (Asteraceae) *Compositae (Asteraceae) *Compositae (Asteraceae) *Compositae (Asteraceae) *Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae)

Chapter 3: Results 31 S. velutina. . viridis. porteri Source (year)/Comments Source potential list. list. probably var. probably var. falsely reported list. Could be var. Could be var. Pop size Range Status Life form Shrub Wide Rep Unk and others (2011b). Previously on potential list. Tendick red baneberry PerF Wide Pres Unc Fertig 25117 CEBR (2009). baby goldenrodspineless horsebrush PerF Shrub Wide Wideredpod stonecrop Rep Pres PerF Unk Unc Wide and others (2011b). May be Tendick Fertig & Reynolds 24231 CEBR (2008). Previously on Pres Rare Fertig & Reynolds 24094 (2008). Previously on potential Common name Fendler’s Fendler’s mountain-lilac hair sedge PerG Wide Pres Rare Fertig 25118 CEBR (2009). Previously on potential list. blackcreeper sedge PerG Wide Rep Unk and others (2011b). Tendick green ephedratall scouring-rush Shrub Wide Fern Rep Wide Unk Pres not given, but and others (2011b). Variety Tendick Unc Fertig & Reynolds 24212 CEBR (2008). mountain muhly PerG Wide Rep Unk and others (2011b). Previously on potential list. Tendick bog bluegrassfairy-bellsrough-fruit PerF PerG Wide Wide Pres Rep Unc Unk Fertig 25116 CEBR (2009). Previously on potential list. and others (2011b). Previously on potential list. Tendick desert stickleaf PerF Wide Rep Unk and others (2011b). Tendick autumn willow-herb AnnF Widewillow-herbnorthern PerF Pres Wide Unc Pres Fertig 25131 CEBR (2009). Previously on potential list. Unc Fertig & Reynolds 24216 CEBR (2008). Previously on moonwort Fern Sparse Pres Rare Fertig photo (2009). giant helleborine PerF Wide Pres Rare Fertig 24768 CEBR (2009). arid wild buckwheat PerF Wide Rep Unk and others (2011b). Previously on potential list. Tendick ne var. var. ) . affi ) rmed or reported for Cedar Breaks National Monument, 2008–2011, cont. ) var ) ) ora nis ora ) . ciliatum, E. . arguta . affi var ) ssp ssp Rhodiola rhodantha, Clementsia E. praealtum, Hippochaete Prosartes trachycarpa Nuttallia multifl E. paniculatum E. ciliatum A. rubra Solidago nana Species (Synonyms) canescens Tetradymia Ceanothus fendleri Sedum rhodanthum ( rhodantha Carex capillaris Carex praegracilis Ephedra viridis Equisetum hyemale ( hyemalis Muhlenbergia montana Poa leptocoma Disporum trachycarpum ( Mentzelia multifl ( Epilobium brachycarpum ( watsonii, E. adencaulon Botrychium lunaria Epilobium ciliatum ( Epipactis gigantea Actaea rubra ( Eriogonum umbellatum subaridum Table 3-17. New vascular plant taxa confi Table Family Compositae (Asteraceae) *Compositae (Asteraceae) Rhamnaceae *Crassulaceae *Cyperaceae Cyperaceae Ephedraceae *Equisetaceae Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) *Liliaceae (Calochortaceae) Loasaceae *Onagraceae *Ophioglossaceae *Onagraceae *Orchidaceae *Ranunculaceae Polygonaceae

32 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 ). proxima . zionis. var J. americana Source (year)/Comments Source Previously on potential list (as var. Previously on potential list (as var. as potential list. Pop size Range Status Life form Shrub Wide Rep Unk and others (2011b). Previously on potential list. Tendick PerF Wide Rep Unk and others (2011b). Previously on potential list. Tendick ower cliffrose Shrub Wide Rep Unk and others (2011b). Tendick Saskatoon serviceberry sticky cinquefoil PerF Wide Rephairy alumroot Unk not indicated. and others (2011b). Variety Tendick PerF Wide Rep Unk and others (2011b). Previously on potential list. Tendick Common name rosy cliff jamesiarosy cliff Shrub Disj Pres Rare Fertig & Reynolds 24147 CEBR (2008). Previously cited Tushar penstemonTushar PerF LocEn Pres Rare Fertig & Reynolds 24209 CEBR (2008). Previously on small-ﬂ penstemon aberrans ) . versicolor var. var. . rosea rmed or reported for Cedar Breaks National Monument, 2008–2011, cont. . var. var. var var pretty cinquefoil PerF Wide Rep Unk not indicated. and others (2011b). Variety Tendick var ) ) ) P. stansburiana, Cowania P. H. versicolor Drymocallis glandulosa P. tusharensis P. Amelanchier alnifolia Species (Synonyms) stansburyana ( mexicana ( Heuchera rubescens Potentilla concinna Potentilla glandulosa ( Purshia mexicana Jamesia americana Penstemon caespitosus suffruticosus ( Penstemon procerus Table 3-17. New vascular plant taxa conﬁ Table Family Rosaceae Saxifragaceae Rosaceae Rosaceae Rosaceae *Saxifragaceae (Hydrangeaceae) *Scrophulariaceae Scrophulariaceae *Indicates species cited in previous updates by Fertig and others (2009c) or (2010). *Indicates species cited in previous

Chapter 3: Results 33 Table 3-18. Changes in status for Cedar Breaks National Monument species, 2008–2011. Previous Current Pop Family Scientiﬁ c name Common name Revised source (year) status status size *Liliaceae Allium bisceptrum twincrest onion Hist Pres Unc Photographed by Bill Gray (Alliaceae) (2009) by CEBR picnic grounds. *Saxifragaceae Jamesia americana Zion jamesia Pres FalsRep NA Previous reports based on (Hydrangeaceae) var. zionis misidentiﬁ ed specimens of J. americana var. rosea.

*Indicates species cited in previous updates by Fertig and others (2009c) or (2010).

Table 3-19. Revised statistical summary of the ﬂ ora of Cedar Breaks National Monument. Present or Reported Category Historical Total for park in park Taxonomic Diversity Total taxa 358 27 385 (including varieties and subspecies) Full species 346 24 370 (excluding varieties and subspecies) # of Families 56 2 58 Life Form Diversity Tree taxa 15 1 16 Shrub taxa 36 7 43 Perennial forb taxa 208 13 221 Annual forb taxa 16 2 18 Perennial graminoid taxa 72 4 76 Annual graminoid taxa 3 0 3 Fern taxa 8 0 8 Biogeographic Diversity Introduced taxa 19 1 20 Native taxa Locally endemic taxa 17 0 17 Regionally endemic taxa 20 1 21 Disjunct taxa 2 0 2 Peripheral taxa 0 0 0 Sparse taxa 7 0 7 Widespread taxa 293 25 318 Total native taxa 339 26 365

This table updates Table 3.1 from Fertig (2009b), Table 5 from Fertig and others (2009c), and Table 3 from Fertig and others (2010) and reﬂ ects new species discovered or relocated from 2008 to 2011. The number of taxa and families is based on taxonomic concepts of Welsh and others (2008).

34 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 3.7 Colorado National Monument In 2011, Katrina Lund documented two new The ﬂ ora of Colorado National Monument species for the monument (Tables 3-20, 3-21). (COLM) has not changed substantially since Compressed rush (Juncus compressus) was the annotated checklist of Hogan and others previously on the potential list, but has now (2009a) was published. That report already been documented with a voucher specimen. incorporated new species observations by White poplar (Populus alba) was formerly on the NCPN vegetation mapping team (Von the reported list, but is also now conﬁ rmed. Loh et al. 2007). Some corrections to the These additions raise the number of species checklist are provided in Fertig and others documented for COLM to 468 (Table 3-22). (2010).

Table 3-20. New vascular plant taxa conﬁ rmed or reported for Colorado National Monument, 2008–2011. Species Life Pop Family Common name Range Status Source (year)/Comments (Synonyms) form size Lund COLMUTE012011 (2011). Juncaceae Juncus compressus compressed rush PerG Intro Pres Unk Previously on potential list. Native to Europe.

Table 3-21. Changes in status for Colorado National Monument species, 2008–2011. Previous Current Pop Family Scientiﬁ c name Common name Revised source (year) status status size Salicaceae Populus alba white poplar Rep Pres Unk Lund KL06221101 (2011).

Chapter 3: Results 35 Table 3-22. Revised statistical summary of the ﬂ ora of Colorado National Monument. Present or Reported Category Historical Total for park in park Taxonomic Diversity Total taxa 416 52 468 (including varieties and subspecies) Full species 408 51 459 (excluding varieties and subspecies) # of Families 77 3 80 Life Form Diversity Tree taxa 19 2 21 Shrub taxa 63 8 71 Perennial forb taxa 182 26 208 Annual forb taxa 70 8 78 Perennial graminoid taxa 58 6 64 Annual graminoid taxa 14 2 16 Fern taxa 10 0 10 Biogeographic Diversity Introduced taxa 58 9 67 Native taxa Locally endemic taxa 3 0 3 Regionally endemic taxa 41 2 43 Disjunct taxa 0 0 0 Peripheral taxa 17 2 19 Sparse taxa 4 0 4 Widespread taxa 293 39 332 Total native taxa 358 43 401

This table updates Table 3.1 from Hogan and others (2009a) and reﬂ ects new species discovered or relocated from 2008 to 2011. The number of taxa and families is based on taxonomic concepts of Weber and Wittman (2001).

36 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 3.8 Curecanti National Recreation report probably based on C. centaureae, Area or miscoded Cirsium arvense (Breea arvensis) Since 2008, the NCPN vegetation mapping team (Tendick et al. 2010) has confi rmed • Grindelia arizonica (Asteraceae): or reported 25 additional species for Cu- outside of expected range; may be G. recanti National Recreation Area (CURE) squarrosa (Table 3-23). Three other species that were • Heterotheca subaxillaris (Asteraceae): previously reported have since been docu- outside of expected range mented with a voucher (Table 3-24). These • Packera tridenticulata (Senecio triden- additions have increased the total number of ticulatus) (Asteraceae): more likely to be confi rmed and reported plant species from Packera neomexicana CURE to 704 taxa (Table 3-25). This number represents an increase of 3.7% in the total • Solidago nana (Asteraceae) outside documented fl ora. At least seven of the new expected range taxa were previously listed as potentially oc- • Solidago nemoralis (Asteraceae): more curring in the recreation area (Hogan et al. likely to be S. velutina 2009c). • Stenotus acaulis (Asteraceae): more likely to be S. armerioides Two errors have come to light since the original CURE checklist was published. The • Tetradymia nuttallii (Asteraceae): well name Lomatium triternatum var. platycar- outside expected range pum (Apiaceae) should be changed to ssp. • Townsendia strigosa (Asteraceae): more platycarpum to conform with the nomencla- likely to be T. incana ture of Weber and Wittman (2001). Hippuris • Oreocarya sericea (Cryptantha sericea) vulgaris (Hippuridaceae) was incorrectly (Boraginaceae: outside expected range included in both Appendix A (confi rmed species list) and Appendix B (potential spe- • Schoenocrambe linearifolia (Brassicace- cies). This plant has been documented from ae): report probably based on S. linifolia the park, and so should be dropped from the • Carex bebbii (Cyperaceae): suitable habi- potential list. tat not present • Carex egglestonii (Cyperaceae): suitable Tendick and others (2010) report several ad- habitat not present ditional species for CURE which we consider questionable. These species (listed below) • Thermopsis rhombifolia (Fabaceae): are not known from south-central Colorado, more likely to be T. montana occur in habitats not found in the recreation • Ribes coloradoense (R. laxifl orum) (Gros- area, or have probably been mistaken for sulariaceae): previous reports based on more common species: R. wolfi i • Yucca angustissima (Agavaceae): not • Juncus parryi (Juncaceae): suitable habi- known from Colorado; report probably tat not present based on Y. harrimaniae • Achnatherum robustum (Stipa robusta) • Cymopterus multinervatus (Apiaceae): (Poaceae): outside expected range reports probably based on C. constancei • Phlox condensata (Polemoniaceae): suit- • Asclepias involucrata (Asclepiadaceae): able habitat not present outside expected range • Phlox pulvinata (Polemoniaceae): suit- • Agoseris heterophylla (Asteraceae): well able habitat not present outside expected range • Eriogonum umbellatum var. subaridum • Artemisia michauxiana (Asteraceae): (Polygonaceae): well outside expected suitable habitat not present range • Cirsium clavatum var. osterhoutii (C. • Polygonum minimum (Polygonaceae): araneans) (Asteraceae): this Colorado outside expected range endemic is listed as Historical by the • Rumex salicifolius var. transitorius (Po- Colorado Natural Heritage Program; lygonaceae): not known from Colorado;

Chapter 3: Results 37 probably R. triangulivalvis • Castilleja rhexifolia (Scrophulariaceae): • Oreobatus deliciosus (Rubus deliciosus) suitable habitat not present (Rosacae): outside of expected range • Veronica scutellata (Scrophulariaceae): • Potentilla diversifolia (Rosaceae): suit- outside expected range. able habitat not present • Salix lutea (Salicaceae): outside expected range

38 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 is scabra rmation needed. rmation confi Source (year)/Comments Source the only var. in CO. the only var. Pop size Range Status AnnF Wide Rep Unk and others (2010). Previously on potential list. Tendick Life form ower Shrub Wide Rep Unk and others (2010). Tendick eld chickweed PerF Wide Rep Unk and others (2010). Previously on potential list. Tendick Caineville thistle PerF thistleEaton’s RegEn RepRocky Mountain thistle PerF Unk PerF and others (2010). Previously on potential list. Tendick RegEn RegEn Rep Rep Unk Unk and others (2010). Accepted here with hesitation— Tendick and others (2010). Previously on potential list. Tendick lady fernCalifornia tansy-mustard Fern Wide Rep Unk and others (2010). Tendick western tansy-mustard AnnFtwinfl Wide Repgreasewood Unk and others (2010). Tendick sedgeslender-beaked White Mountain sedge PerG PerGmeadow lupine Shrub Wide Wide Wide Rep Rep Repsticky crane’s-bill PerF Unk Unk Unk larkspurTower and others (2010). Tendick Wide and others (2010). Previously on potential list. Tendick and others (2010). Previously on potential list. Tendick Rep PerFfalse hellebore Wide PerF Unkspotted coral-root Rep and others (2010). Previously on potential list. Tendick Wide PerF Pres Unk PerF Wide and others (2010). Tendick Unc Wide Pres ST02241001 CURE (2010). Topp Rep Unk ST08221001 CURE (2010). Topp Unk and others (2010). Tendick rough brickellbush Shrub Wide Rep Unk not given, but and others (2010). Variety Tendick fi Common name rmed or reported for Curecanti National Recreation Area, 2008–2011. Area, National Recreation for Curecanti rmed or reported ) ) . ) var. var. ssp var. var. by some ) C. arizonicum lix-femina D. glaucescens . bipinnatum C. tweedy, C. polyphyllum C. tweedy, L. prunophilus C. arvense, S. strictum authors) Cirsium eatonii ( Cirsium perplexans Athyrium fi Descurainia californica Descurainia pinnata nelsonii Linnaea borealis Sarcobatus vermiculatus Carex athrostachya Carex geophila Lupinus polyphyllus prunophilus ( Geranium viscosissimum Delphinium glaucum (Includes tenuipetalum Veratrum Corallorhiza maculata Brickellia microphylla scabra Cirsium calcareum (Included in var Cerastium strictum ( Species (Synonyms) Asteraceae (Compositae) Asteraceae (Compositae) Athyriaceae (Aspleniaceae, Polypodiaceae) Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) Caprifoliaceae (Linnaeaceae) Chenopodiaceae (Sarcobataceae) Cyperaceae Cyperaceae Fabaceae (Leguminosae) Geraniaceae Helleboraceae (Ranunculaceae) *Melanthiaceae (Liliaceae) Orchidaceae Asteraceae (Compositae) Asteraceae (Compositae) Table 3-23. New vascular plant taxa confi Table Family Alsinaceae (Caryophyllaceae)

Chapter 3: Results 39 rmation needed. rmation Source (year)/Comments Source Pop size Range Status Life form r Tree Wide Rep Unk and others (2010). Tendick white fi redtoprye chess wheatgrassBaker’s PerG PerG Intro AnnG RegEn Intro Rep Rep Rep Unk Unk and others (2010). Confi and others (2010). Native to Eurasia. Tendick Tendick Unk and others (2010). Native to Eurasia. Tendick Russian wildryeslender wild buckwheat Shrub PerG Wide Intro Rep Repwater speedwell Unkwestern valerian and others (2010). Unk Tendick and others (2010). Native to Russia. Tendick PerF PerF Intro Wide Rep Pres Unk Unc and others (2010). Native to Europe. Tendick ST08221002 CURE (2010). Topp Common name rmed or reported for Curecanti National Recreation Area, 2008–2011, cont. . ) var ) ) ) simpsonii A. alba Agropyron bakeri E. microthecum Elymus junceus Abies concolor Agrostis stolonifera ( Bromus secalinus Elymus bakeri ( Eriogonum microthecum var. ( foliosum anagallis-aquatica Veronica occidentalis Valeriana Psathyrostachys juncea ( Species (Synonyms) Table 3-23. New vascular plant taxa confi Table Family Pinaceae Poaceae (Gramineae) Poaceae (Gramineae) Poaceae (Gramineae) Polygonaceae Scrophulariaceae Valerianaceae Poaceae (Gramineae) *Indicates species cited in previous updates by Fertig and others (2009c) or (2010). *Indicates species cited in previous

40 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 Table 3-24. Changes in status for Curecanti National Recreation Area species, 2008–2011. Previous Current Pop Family Scientiﬁ c name Common name Revised source (year). status status size *Boraginaceae Oreocarya suffruticosa James’ cryptanth Rep Pres Rare Topp s.n. CURE (2008). (Cryptantha jamesii) Poaceae Achnatherum nelsonii Nelson’s Rep Pres Unc Topp ST08221003 CURE (Gramineae) needlegrass (2010). Scrophulariaceae Pedicularis procera Gray’s lousewort Rep Pres Unc Topp ST08221004 CURE (2010).

*Indicates species cited in previous updates by Fertig and others (2009c) or (2010).

Table 3-25. Revised statistical summary of the ﬂ ora of Curecanti National Recreation Area. Present or Reported Category Historical Total for park in park Taxonomic Diversity Total taxa 533 171 704 (including varieties and subspecies) Full species 529 167 696 (excluding varieties and subspecies) Families 89 6 95 Life Form Diversity Tree taxa 15 3 18 Shrub taxa 62 14 76 Perennial forb taxa 305 82 387 Annual forb taxa 62 27 89 Perennial graminoid taxa 75 37 112 Annual graminoid taxa 5 6 11 Fern taxa 9 2 11 Biogeographic Diversity Introduced taxa 72 21 93 Native taxa Locally endemic taxa 8 2 10 Regionally endemic taxa 23 9 32 Disjunct taxa 1 0 1 Peripheral taxa 3 4 7 Sparse taxa 4 1 5 Widespread taxa 422 134 556 Total native taxa 461 150 611

This table updates Table 3.1 from Hogan and others (2009c) and reﬂ ects new species discovered or relocated from 2008 to 2011. The number of taxa and families is based on taxonomic concepts of Weber and Witt- man (2001).

Chapter 3: Results 41 3.9 Dinosaur National Monument • Brickellia longifolia (Compositae): out- The NCPN vegetation mapping team has side expected range documented 55 new plant species for Di- • Chrysothamnus nauseosus var. junceus nosaur National Monument (DINO) (Coles (Compositae): well outside expected et al. 2008a). Two additional species have range been added for the monument fl ora since • Helianthus anomalus (Compositae): well 1998 based on taxonomic revisions by Welsh outside expected range; probably H. and others (2008), and one taxon has been petiolaris ssp. fallax removed from the species list based on a • Hymenoxys acaulis var. ivesiana (Com- misidentifi cation (Tables 3-26, 3-27). As a positae): outside expected range result of these changes, the fl ora of DINO has shown a net increase of 56 plant species • Solidago simplex (S. spathulata) (Com- (6.5%) and now totals 812 confi rmed and re- positae): previous reports based on S. ported taxa (Table 3-28). Thirty-three of the nana new species were previously considered po- • Townsendia annua (Compositae): tential or falsely reported for the monument outside expected range; report probably (Fertig 2009c). based on T. incana The number of non-native species reported • Sedum debile (Crassulaceae): outside for DINO has increased by nine taxa due to expected range; report probably based the fi eld work of Coles and others (2008a). on S. lanceolatum Five of these new species are introduced for- • Physaria newberryi (Cruciferae): outside age or reclamations species: intermediate expected range; report may be based on wheatgrass (Elymus hispidus), Russian wild- P. acutifolia rye (Elymus junceus), chickpea milkvetch • Physaria reediana (Cruciferae): previous (Astragalus cicer), alsike clover (Trifolium reports based on P. subumbellata, true P. hybridum), and red clover (T. pratense). One reediana is not known from Utah new exotic species, stork’s bill (Erodium cicutarium), is listed as noxious by the State of • Carex crawei (Cyperaceae): outside Colorado. expected range • Shepherdia rotundifolia (Elaeagnaceae): Poison ivy (Toxicodendron rydbergii) was list- outside expected range ed by Fertig (2009c) as historical in the monu- • Chamaesyce parryi (Euphorbiaceae): ment, because it had not been relocated since well outside expected range; probably C. before 1970. Coles and others (2008a) report glyptosperma or C. serpyllifolia this species for the monument, suggesting it is still extant. The plant’s status has not been • Erioneuron pulchellum (Gramineae): updated until its status can be confi rmed outside expected range with a voucher, photo, or more specifi c local- • Poa leptocoma (Gramineae): previous ity information. reports based on Poa nervosa × P. pratensis hybrids, confi rmation needed Several additional species cited by Coles and • Stipa nelsonii ssp. dorei (Gramineae): others (2008a) are not included here. These more likely to be var. nelsonii, confi rma- species are excluded because DINO is out- tion needed side of their known range, suitable habitat is lacking, or the identifi cation is questionable. • Juncus orthophyllus (Juncaceae): Pacifi c These species include: Northwest species not known from Utah or Colorado • Antennaria rosulata (Compositae): well • Habenaria hyperborea (Orchidaceae): outside expected range; probably A. previous reports based on H. zothecina dimorpha • Gilia scopulorum (Polemoniaceae): Mo- • Artemisia spiciformis (Compositae): have species, outside expected range outside expected range, habitat probably not present • Phlox pulvinata (Polemoniaceae): suitable habitat probably not present

42 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 • Eriogonum umbellatum var. subaridum • Orthocarpus tolmiei (Scrophulariaceae): (Polygonaceae): outside expected range; outside expected range, more likely to more likely to be var. aureum be O. luteus • Physocarpus malvaceus (Rosaceae): • Penstemon paysoniorum (Scrophularia- reports probably based on P. alternans ceae): Wyoming endemic, out of range. • Purshia mexicana var. stansburyana (Rosaceae): outside expected range, conﬁ rmation needed

Chapter 3: Results 43 . rmation needed. rmation . Previously on potential list. microbotrys vivipara ed. ed– confi ed– misidentifi likely var. likely var. From Colorado part of DINO. Source (year)/Comments Source likely var. likely var. misidentifi Pop size Range Status Shrub Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). Previous reports were all PerF Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). Previously on potential list. PerF Sparse RepPerF Unk Wide Coles and others (2008a). Pres Unc ST01818090906 DINO (2009). Previously on potential list. Topp Life form y AnnF Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). ower shhook cactus shhook sleepy catchfl Greene’s rabbitbrushGreene’s Shrub Widelanceleaf Reprabbitbrush Unk Coles and others (2008a). Previously on potential list. Menzies’ campion PerFdesert goosefoot Wide AnnFred saltwort Rep Wide Rep UnkLouisiana AnnF Coles and others (2008a). Previously on potential list. wormwood Unk Wide Coles and others (2008a). Previously on potential list. Pres Unc Kast SK08221001 DINO (2010). Previously on potential list. red elderberry Shrub Wide Rep Unk not determined but most Coles and others (2008a). Variety nodding bur-marigold small-fl fi Common name pincushion cactus PerF Wide Rep Unk not determined but most Coles and others (2008a). Variety whorled milkweed PerF Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). pretty thistle PerF Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). Previous reports were all for Dinosaur National Monument, 2008–2011. rmed or reported . var. var. var ) ) . rubra, S. by some ) ssp ) ssp. ) C. arizonicum var. var. ) orus, S. whipplei orus ) . intermedius . bipinnatum Anotities menziesii C. pratericola S. europaea A. ludoviciana S. parvifl A. galioides Escobaria vivipara Cirsium calcareum Silene antirrhina Silene menziesii ( Chrysothamnus greenei Chrysothamnus viscidifl lanceolatus Chenopodium desiccatum ( Salicornia europaea ( rubra Artemisia ludoviciana latiloba ( candicans Sclerocactus whipplei roseus ( var Sambucus racemosa Bidens cernua Species (Synonyms) Asclepias subverticillata ( Coryphantha vivipara ( (Included in var authors) Compositae (Asteraceae) Caryophyllaceae Caryophyllaceae Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae Compositae (Asteraceae) Cactaceae Caprifoliaceae (Adoxaceae) *Compositae (Asteraceae) Table 3-26. New vascular plant taxa confi Table Family Asclepiadaceae Cactaceae

44 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 . Previously on potential list. pubescens Europe. CO state noxious weed. From Colorado part of DINO. likely var. likely var. potential list. Colorado part of DINO. Source (year)/Comments Source list. Pop size Range Status Shrub Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). Previously on potential list. AnnF Wide Rep Unk not determined but most Coles and others (2008a). Variety Life form eld sandburr AnnG Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). soft chess AnnG Intro Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). Native to Eurasia. fringed brome PerG Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). Previously on falsely reported list. Canada buffalo-berry billstork’s AnnF Intro Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). Previously on potential list. Native to Utah bladderpod PerFlow yellowcress RegEn Rep AnnF Wide Unk Pres Coles and others (2008a). Previously on potential list. Unc ST01180908 DINO (2009). Previously on potential list. Topp pale madwortEuropean madwort AnnF AnnF Intro Introwedgeleaf draba Rep Rep AnnF poor-man’s Unk Unk Widepepperwort Coles and others (2008a). Native to Europe. Coles and others (2008a). Native to Eurasia. Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). Previously on potential list. spiny-leaf sow-thistlespiny-leaf AnnF Intro Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). Native to Europe. Previously on pricklegrass AnnG Intro Pres Unc ST01180903 DINO (2009). Native to Eurasia. From Topp fi Common name white hawkweed PerFmarsh-elder Widecopperweed Rep AnnFlate goldenrod Unk Wide Shrub Rep Coles and others (2008a). Wide PerF Rep Unk Wide Pres Coles and others (2008a). Previously on potential list. Unk Coles and others (2008a). Previously on potential list. Unc Kast SK08211001 DINO (2010). Previously on falsely reported ) ) ) ) rmed or reported for Dinosaur National Monument, 2008–2011, cont. ) ) ) ora orum ) . ) var orus Bromopsis canadensis B. mollis, racemosus Lepargyrea canadensis Lesquerella utahensis A. minus Chlorocrepis albifl C. paucifl Cyclachaena xanthifolia Iva acerosa Cenchrus longispinus Bromus ciliatus ( Bromus hordeaceus ( Shepherdia canadensis ( Erodium cicutarium Physaria utahensis ( Rorippa tenerrima micranthum, A. simplex Alyssum alyssoides Alyssum minus ( Draba cuneifolia Lepidium virginicum Species (Synonyms) Sonchus asper Hieracium albifl ( Crypsis alopecuroides ( Iva xanthifolia ( Oxytenia acerosa ( Solidago gigantea Table 3-26. New vascular plant taxa confi Table Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Elaeagnaceae Geraniaceae *Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Family Compositae (Asteraceae) *Gramineae (Poaceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae)

Chapter 3: Results 45 . Previously on potential list. sericeus Europe. Welsh 291 DINO (1955). Species newly described in 2008. Welsh var. var. Europe. Source (year)/Comments Source Eurasia. Russia. list. Pop size (Hist?) Range Status Life form PerG Intro Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). Previously on potential list. Native to reweed PerF Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). Cisco sego-lily PerF RegEn Pres Gunnison’s mariposaGunnison’s PerF Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). Previously on potential list. limber pinecommon gilia Tree AnnF Wide Wide Rep Rep Unk Unk Coles and others (2008a). Previously on potential list. Coles and others (2008a). Previously on potential list. fi alsike cloverred clover PerF Intro Pres PerF Intro Rep ST08180901 DINO (2009). From Colorado part of DINO. Topp Coles and others (2008a). Previously on potential list. Native to silky lupine PerF Wide Rep not determined, but probably Coles and others (2008a). Variety little barley AnnGfowl bluegrass Wide Repchickpea milkvetch PerG PerF Unk Wide Intro Rep Coles and others (2008a). Previously on falsely reported list. Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). Previously on potential list. Coles and others (2008a). Previously on potential list. Native to Common name intermediate wheatgrass Russian wildrye PerG Introreed canary grass Rep PerG Wide Unk Pres Coles and others (2008a). Previously on potential list. Native to Unk RW08200901 DINO (2009). Previously on potential Weissinger ) ) rmed or reported for Dinosaur National Monument, 2008–2011, cont. C. ) ) ) ) ) exilis canescens Chamerion Aliciella leptomeria Agropyron intermedium, Psathyrostachys juncea Critesion pulchellum Phalaroides arundinacea Calochortus ciscoensis (Formerly included in nuttallii Calochortus gunnisonii Epilobium angustifolium var. ( angustifolium, C. danielsii Pinus fl Gilia leptomeria ( Trifolium hybridum Trifolium pratense Trifolium Lupinus sericeus Species (Synonyms) Elymus hispidus ( Elytrigia intermeida, Thinopyrum intermedium Elymus junceus ( Hordeum pusillum ( Phalaris arundinacea ( Poa palustris Astragalus cicer *Liliaceae (Calochortaceae) Onagraceae Pinaceae Polemoniaceae Liliaceae (Calochortaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) *Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Table 3-26. New vascular plant taxa confi Table Family Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae)

46 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 . C. occidentalis ed. ed. misidentifi misidentifi North America. Previously on falsely reported list. holotype from Dinosaur NM. Source (year)/Comments Source Pop size Range Status Shrub Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). PerF RegEn Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). Previously on potential list. PerF Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). AnnF Intro Pres Unc ST01180905 DINO (2009). Native to Europe & possibly E Topp PerF Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). Previously on potential list. PerF Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). Could be based on Life form whitestem gooseberry spiny swamp currant Shrub Widesticky currant Rep Shrub Unk Wide Coles and others (2008a). Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). wavy-leaved Indian paintbrush southern cattail Lemmon’s PerGspring-parsley Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). Previous reports have all been saline bird’s-beak AnnF LocEn Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). Previously on potential list. Bebb’s willowBebb’s Shrub Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2008a). Previous reports have all been Norwegian cinquefoil winged wild buckwheat western larkspur PerFbeautiful cinquefoil Wide PerF Rep RegEn Hist Unk Coles and others (2008a). Previously on potential list. Rare (1956). Species newly described in 2008, 474 BRY Welsh Columbian virgin’s-bower Common name rmed or reported for Dinosaur National Monument, 2008–2011, cont. ) ) var. var. . var. var. var . ssp ) ) ) orus Pseudocymopterus C. applegatei C. pseudoalpina, D. glaucum, glaucum Pterogonum alatum Cymopterus lemmonii ( montanus Ribes inerme Ribes lacustre Ribes viscosissimum Castilleja applegatei viscida ( pinetorum Cordylanthus kingii densifl domingensis Typha Salix bebbiana Potentilla norvegica Species (Synonyms) Clematis columbiana ( Atragene columbiana Delphinium occidentale ( × D. barnebyi Potentilla gracilis hippianoides Eriogonum alatum ( Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) Saxifragaceae (Grossulariaceae) Scrophulariaceae Saxifragaceae (Grossulariaceae) Saxifragaceae (Grossulariaceae) Scrophulariaceae Typhaceae Salicaceae *Rosaceae *Rosaceae Ranunculaceae Ranunculacaeae (Helleboraceae) Table 3-26. New vascular plant taxa confi Table Family Polygonaceae *Indicates species cited in previous updates by Fertig and others (2009c) or (2010). *Indicates species cited in previous

Chapter 3: Results 47 Table 3-27. Changes in status for Dinosaur National Monument species, 2008–2011. Previous Current Pop Revised source Family Scientiﬁ c name Common name status status size (year) *Polygonaceae Rumex maritimus golden dock Hist Pres Unc Topp ST08190904 var. fueginus (R. fueginus) DINO (2009). *Polygonaceae Rumex salicifolius willow dock Hist Pres Unc Topp ST01180907 (R. mexicanus, R. DINO (2009). triangulivalvis) *Rosaceae Potentilla gracilis var. beautiful cinquefoil Hist FalsRep NA Welsh 474 BRY (1956) pulcherrima has been annotated as var. hippianoides.

*Indicates species cited in previous updates by Fertig and others (2009c) or (2010).

Table 3-28. Revised statistical summary of the ﬂ ora of Dinosaur National Monument. Present or Reported Category Historical in Total for park park Taxonomic Diversity Total taxa 714 98 812 (including varieties and subspecies) Full species 677 94 771 (excluding varieties and subspecies) # of Families 78 2 80 Life Form Diversity Tree taxa 13 3 16 Shrub taxa 78 15 93 Perennial forb taxa 369 48 417 Annual forb taxa 127 18 145 Perennial graminoid taxa 102 10 112 Annual graminoid taxa 11 4 15 Fern taxa 14 0 14 Biogeographic Diversity Introduced taxa 66 24 90 Native taxa Locally endemic taxa 18 2 20 Regionally endemic taxa 57 3 60 Disjunct taxa 0 0 0 Peripheral taxa 52 7 59 Sparse taxa 29 2 31 Widespread taxa 492 60 552 Total native taxa 648 74 722

This table updates Table 3.1-1 from Fertig (2009c) and reﬂ ects new species discovered or relocated from 2008 to 2011. The number of taxa and families is based on taxonomic concepts of Welsh and others (2008).

48 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 3.10 Fossil Butte National • Eremogone fendleri (Arenaria fendleri) Monument (Caryophyllaceae): outside expected range; reports probably based on E. Since 2008, the NCPN vegetation mapping kingii crew (Friesen et al. 2010) has added fi ve new species to the fl ora of Fossil Butte National • Astragalus vexillifl exus (Fabaceae): out- Monument (FOBU) (Table 3-29). Several side expected range additional species have been discovered or • Hydrophyllum fendleri (Hydrophylla- relocated during recent rare plant survey ceae): outside expected range work (Fertig 2012 in prep.) and from the re- • Sisyrinchium montanum (Iridaceae): discovery of several unmounted specimens outside expected range, previous re- in the FOBU herbarium collected by retired ports based on S. idahoense monument naturalist Clay Kyte (Tables 3-29, 3-30). As a result of these studies, the number • Epilobium anagallidifolium (Onagrace- of plant species known from the monument ae): outside expected range and lacking has increased by eight (an increase of 1.5% suitable habitat since 2007). The total fl ora of FOBU now • Gayophytum ramosissimum (Onagra- contains 554 confi rmed or reported species ceae): past reports based on G. diff usum (Table 3-31). var. strictipes • Plantago tweedy (Plantaginaceae): more Several additional species reported by Fries- likely to be P. eriopoda en and others (2010) are not included in the current tally of FOBU’s fl ora. Most of these • Calamagrostis canadensis (Poaceae): species are considered questionable because outside expected range; probably C. the monument is well outside their likely inexpansa range, suitable habitat is not present, or more • Poa glaucifolia (Poaceae): more likely to likely look-alike species are already known be P. arida from the area. To be accepted, these species • Phlox caespitosa (Polemoniaceae): out- need to be vouchered, photographed, or re- side expected range located. The questionable taxa include: • Eriogonum fl avum (Polygonaceae): out- • Amaranthus albus (Amaranthaceae): side expected range previous reports have all been misiden- • Eriogonum umbellatum var. subaridum tifi ed; more likely to be A. blitoides (Polygonaceae): variety not known from • Cymopterus lemmonii (Apiaceae): out- Wyoming side expected range • Talinum parvifl orum (Portulacaceae): • Ligusticum porteri (Apiaceae): outside outside expected range expected range; reports are probably L. • Thalictrum fendleri (Ranunculaceae): fi licinum reports probably based on T. occidentale • Artemisia tripartita (Asteraceae): out- • Thalictrum venulosum (Ranunculaceae): side expected range; reports probably outside of expected range; report prob- based on A. arbuscula ably based on T. occidentale • Chaenactis stevioides (Asteraceae): out- • Geum rossii (Rosaceae): suitable alpine side expected range; previous reports habitat not present in monument misidentifi ed • Populus deltoides var. wislizenii (Salica- • Cryptantha cinerea (Boraginaceae): ceae): outside expected range of var. outside expected range wislizenii; previous reports of var. oc- • Mertensia ciliata (Boraginaceae): suit- cidentalis have not been corroborated. able habitat not present; more likely to be M. oblongifolia • Symphoricarpos occidentalis (Caprifo- liaceae): previous reports based on of S. oreophilus

Chapter 3: Results 49 . Previously . Previously on trichocalyx hookeri . Previously on potential list. Source (year)/Comments Source costata potential list. on potential list. SW USA. Pop size Shrub Wide Rep Unk (2008). Observed by Sarah Topp AnnF Wide Pres Rare Fertig 25733 FOBU (2010). Previously on potential list. PerF RegEn Rep Unk Friesen and others (2010). Probably var. PerF Sparse Rep Unk Friesen and others (2010). Previously on potential list. PerF Intro* Pres Rare Kyte 2003-02 FOBU (2003). Introduced in seed mix; native to recracker Common name Life form Range Status basin hawksbeard PerF Wide Rep Unk not given, but probably var. Friesen and others (2010). Var. Parry’s rubber Parry’s rabbitbrush western tansy-mustard Hooker’s sandwortHooker’s PerF Wide Rep Unk Friesen and others (2010). Probably var. pale evening-primrose needle-and-thread PerG Wide Pres Unc Kyte 2003-01 FOBU (2003). Previously on potential list. whorled wild buckwheat Eaton’s ﬁ Eaton’s penstemon for Fossil Butte National Monument, 2008–2011. rmed or reported . var var. var. ) var. var. var. var. ) ) ) intermedia . howardii Chrysothamnus parryi D. nelsonii Arenaria hookeri Stipa comata Species (Synonyms) Crepis occidentalis Ericameria parryi howardii ( var Descurainia pinnata nelsonii ( Eremogone hookeri ( Oenothera pallida Hesperostipa comata var. ( intermedia Eriogonum heracleoides Penstemon eatonii eatonii Table 3-29. New vascular plant taxa conﬁ Table Family Asteraceae (Compositae) *Asteraceae (Compositae) Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) Caryophyllaceae Onagraceae Poaceae (Gramineae) Polygonaceae Scrophulariaceae *Indicates species cited in previous updates by Fertig and others (2009c) or (2010). *Indicates species cited in previous

50 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 Table 3-30. Changes in status for Fossil Butte National Monument species, 2008–2011. Common Previous Current Pop Revised Family Scientiﬁ c name name status status size source (year) Compositae Tetraneuris acaulis var. acaulis stemless Rep Pres Unc Fertig 25836 (Asteraceae) (Hymenoxys acaulis var. acaulis) hymenoxys FOBU (2010). Cruciferae Boechera holboellii var. secunda Holboell’s Rep Pres Rare Fertig 25846 (Brassicaceae) (Arabis holboellii var. secunda, A. holboellii rockcress FOBU (2010). var. retrofracta, B. retrofracta) Leguminosae Astragalus kentrophyta var. tegetarius mountain Rep Pres Unc Fertig 25747 (Fabaceae) (A. kentrophyta var. implexus) kentrophyta FOBU (2010). Violaceae Viola praemorsa var. altior (V. nuttallii var. upland yellow Rep Pres Rare Fertig 25741 praemorsa) violet FOBU (2010).

Table 3-31. Revised statistical summary of the ﬂ ora of Fossil Butte National Monument. Present or Reported Category Historical Total for park in park Taxonomic Diversity Total taxa 516 38 554 (including varieties and subspecies) Full species 492 36 528 (excluding varieties and subspecies) Families 77 0 77 Life Form Diversity Tree taxa 5 0 5 Shrub taxa 52 4 56 Perennial forb taxa 289 25 314 Annual forb taxa 79 2 81 Perennial graminoid taxa 83 7 90 Annual graminoid taxa 6 0 6 Fern taxa 2 0 2 Biogeographic Diversity Introduced taxa 70 3 73 Native taxa Locally endemic taxa 1 0 1 Regionally endemic taxa 20 1 21 Disjunct taxa 0 0 0 Peripheral taxa 8 0 8 Sparse taxa 1 1 2 Widespread taxa 416 33 449 Total native taxa 446 35 481

This table updates Table 3.1 from Fertig and Kyte (2009) and reﬂ ects new species discovered or relocated from 2008 to 2011. The number of taxa and families is based on taxonomic concepts of Dorn (2001).

Chapter 3: Results 51 3.11 Golden Spike National Historic cited as potential for the park (Fertig 2009d). Site With these additions, the fl ora of GOSP now stands at 152 taxa (Table 3-34), an increase of Sarah Topp and Rebecca Weissinger vis- 5.5% since 2007. ited Golden Spike National Historic Site (GOSP) in 2008 and documented fi ve new Coles and others (2011) also report small- species for the area. Three additional species fl ower globemallow (Sphaeralcea parvifolia) were newly reported for GOSP based on the as new to GOSP. This species is closely relat- NCPN vegetation mapping project (Coles ed to Munro’s globemallow (S. munroana) et al. 2011) (Table 3-32). Shadscale (Atriplex and replaces it in the Colorado Plateau. S. confertifolia), formerly on the reported list, parvifolia is unlikely to be present in GOSP has been corroborated with a voucher speci- and reports are probably based on misidenti- men (Table 3-33). Four species now on the fi ed S. munroana. confi rmed or reported lists were previously

Table 3-32. New vascular plant taxa conﬁ rmed or reported for Golden Spike National Historic Site, 2008–2011. Species Common Life Pop Source (year)/ Family Range Status (Synonyms) name form size Comments *Chenopodiaceae Krascheninnikovia lanata winterfat Shrub Wide Pres Com Topp ST07130802 UTC var. lanata (2008). (Ceratoides lanata, Eurotia lanata) *Chenopodiaceae Sarcobatus vermiculatus greasewood Shrub Wide Pres Rare Topp ST07130803 UTC (Sarcobataceae) (2008). Previously on potential list. Compositae Chrysothamnus nauseosus glabrate Shrub Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2011). (Asteraceae) var. graveolens rabbitbrush (C. nauseosus var. oreophilus, Ericameria nauseosa var. graveolens, E. nauseosa var. glabrata) Compositae Chrysothamnus vaseyi Vasey’s Shrub Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2011). (Asteraceae) rabbitbrush Conﬁ rmation needed, somewhat out of range. *Gramineae Aegilops cylindrica jointed AnnG Intro Pres Rare Topp ST07110801 UTC (Poaceae) (Cylindropyrum cylindricum) goatgrass (2008). Previously on potential list. Native to Eurasia. Gramineae Hordeum jubatum foxtail barley PerG Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2011). (Poaceae) (Critesion jubatum) Previously on potential list. *Leguminosae Psoralidium lanceolatum lemon PerF Wide Pres Unc Weissinger (Fabaceae) var. lanceolatum scurf-pea RW07130801 UTC (Psoralea lanceolata) (2008). *Rosaceae Purshia tridentata antelope Shrub Wide Pres Rare Topp ST07130801 UTC bitterbrush (2008). Previously on potential list.

*Indicates species cited in previous updates by Fertig and others (2009c) or (2010).

52 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 Table 3-33. Changes in status for Golden Spike National Historic Site species, 2008–2011. Common Previous Current Pop Family Scientiﬁ c name Revised source (year) name status status size Chenopodiaceae Atriplex confertifolia shadscale Rep Pres Unc Crook TC07231001 UTC (2010).

Table 3-34. Revised statistical summary of the ﬂ ora of Golden Spike National Historic Site. Present or Reported Category Historical Total for park in park Taxonomic Diversity Total taxa 143 9 152 (including varieties and subspecies) Full species 142 7 149 (excluding varieties and subspecies) # of Families 31 1 32 Life Form Diversity Tree taxa 0 0 0 Shrub taxa 22 3 25 Perennial forb taxa 62 3 65 Annual forb taxa 37 1 38 Perennial graminoid taxa 14 2 16 Annual graminoid taxa 8 0 8 Fern taxa 0 0 0 Biogeographic Diversity Introduced taxa 41 4 45 Native taxa Locally endemic taxa 1 0 1 Regionally endemic taxa 5 0 5 Disjunct taxa 0 0 0 Peripheral taxa 2 0 2 Sparse taxa 3 0 3 Widespread taxa 91 5 96 Total native taxa 102 5 107

This table updates Table 3.1 from Fertig (2009d) and Table 6 from Fertig and others (2009c) and reﬂ ects new species discovered or relocated from 2008 to 2011. The number of taxa and families is based on taxonomic concepts of Welsh and others (2008).

Chapter 3: Results 53 3.12 Hovenweep National 3-3). This species had previously only been Monument reported for the area (Table 3-36). With these new discoveries, the fl ora of HOVE has in- SEUG biologist Mary Moran discovered creased to 345 species (Table 3-37), which fi ve new native plant species for Hovenweep represents a 1.5% increase since 2007 (Fertig National Monument (HOVE) while con- 2009e). ducting fi eld surveys in 2010 (Table 3-35). In 2011, Tony Frates, of the Utah Native Plant The results of the NCPN vegetation mapping Society, relocated small-fl ower fi shhook group were previously incorporated into the cactus (Sclerocactus whipplei var. roseus) at monument’s annotated checklist (Fertig the Square Tower unit of the monument and 2009e, Von Loh et al. 2008). documented his fi nd with a photo (Figure

Figure 3-3. Small-ﬂ ower ﬁ shhook cactus (Sclerocactus whipplei var. roseus), photographed from Hovenweep National Monument in 2011 by Tony Frates.

Table 3-35. New vascular plant taxa confi rmed or reported for Hovenweep National Monument, 2010–2011. Species Life Pop Family Common name Range Status Source (year)/Comments (Synonyms) form size Compositae Lygodesmia Arizona rush-pink PerF RegEn Pres Unc Moran s.n. HOVE (2010). (Asteraceae) grandifl ora var. Previously on potential list. arizonica (L. grandifl ora) Liliaceae Eremocrinum sand lily PerF RegEn Pres Unc Moran s.n. HOVE (2010). albomarginatum Previously on potential list. Onagraceae Epilobium ciliatum northern PerF Wide Pres Unc Moran s.n. HOVE (2010). (E. ciliatum var. willow-herb ciliatum, E.watsonii, E. adenocaulon) Scrophulariaceae Mimulus rubellus reddish AnnF Wide Pres Unc Moran s.n. HOVE (2010). monkeyfl ower Previously on potential list. Scrophulariaceae Penstemon veined penstemon PerF RegEn Pres Unc Moran s.n. HOVE (2010). angustifolius var. Previously on potential list. venosus

54 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 Table 3-36. Changes in status for Hovenweep National Monument species, 2010–2011. Previous Current Pop Family Scientifi c name Common name Revised source (year) status status size Cactaceae Sclerocactus whipplei small-fl ower Rep Pres Unc Frates photo (see Fig. 3-3) var. roseus fi shhook cactus (2011).

Table 3-37. Revised statistical summary of the ﬂ ora of Hovenweep National Monument. Present or Reported Category Historical Total for park in park Taxonomic Diversity Total taxa 279 66 345 (including varieties and subspecies) Full species 270 63 333 (excluding varieties and subspecies) Families 52 8 60 Life Form Diversity Tree taxa 4 0 4 Shrub taxa 51 8 59 Perennial forb taxa 126 27 153 Annual forb taxa 56 20 76 Perennial graminoid taxa 33 8 41 Annual graminoid taxa 9 3 12 Fern taxa 0 0 0 Biogeographic Diversity Introduced taxa 45 12 57 Native taxa Locally endemic taxa 1 0 1 Regionally endemic taxa 27 6 33 Disjunct taxa 0 0 0 Peripheral taxa 19 5 24 Sparse taxa 4 1 5 Widespread taxa 183 42 225 Total native taxa 234 54 288

This table updates Table 3.1-1 from Fertig (2009e) and reﬂ ects new species discovered or relocated from 2008 to 2011. The number of taxa and families is based on taxonomic concepts of Welsh and others (2008).

Chapter 3: Results 55 3.13 Natural Bridges National In 2009, Mary Moran of the Southeast Utah Monument Group discovered the introduced grass yellow bluestem (Bothriochola ischaemum) Relatively little additional fl oristic work within NABR (Table 3-38). The following has taken place at Natural Bridges National year, Mary relocated reddish monkeyfl ower Monument (NABR) since the publication (Mimulus rubellus) within the monument, of the annotated checklist in 2009 (Fertig changing its status from reported to present 2009f). Work by the NCPN vegetation map- (Table 3-39). As a result of these discoveries, ping group (Coles et al. 2008b) had been the fl ora of NABR has increased by just one completed in time to be included in the 2009 species, to 429 (Table 3-40). checklist. Five species recognized by Coles and others (2008b) were considered questionable and are addressed in Appendix C of Fertig (2009f).

Table 3-38. New vascular plant taxa conﬁ rmed or reported for Natural Bridges National Monument, 2010– 2011. Species Life Pop Family Common name Range Status Source (year)/Comments (Synonyms) form size *Gramineae Bothriochloa ischaemum yellow bluestem PerG Intro Pres Rare Moran s.n. NABR (2009). (Poaceae) (B. ischaemum var. Native to Eurasia. songarica)

*Indicates species cited in previous updates by Fertig and others (2009c) or (2010).

Table 3-39. Changes in status for Natural Bridges National Monument species, 2010–2011. Previous Current Pop Family Scientiﬁ c name Common name Revised source (year) status status size Scrophulariaceae Mimulus rubellus reddish monkeyﬂ ower Rep Pres Unc Moran s.n. NABR (2010).

56 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 Table 3-40. Revised statistical summary of the ﬂ ora of Natural Bridges National Monument. Present or Reported Category Historical Total for park in park Taxonomic Diversity Total taxa (including varieties and 325 104 429 subspecies) Full species (excluding varieties and 313 95 408 subspecies) Families 62 3 65 Life Form Diversity Tree taxa 12 2 14 Shrub taxa 56 18 74 Perennial forb taxa 153 48 201 Annual forb taxa 41 28 69 Perennial graminoid taxa 51 5 56 Annual graminoid taxa 5 3 8 Fern taxa 7 0 7 Biogeographic Diversity Introduced taxa 31 16 47 Native taxa Locally endemic taxa 8 1 9 Regionally endemic taxa 47 16 63 Disjunct taxa 0 0 0 Peripheral taxa 3 1 4 Sparse taxa 1 1 2 Widespread taxa 235 69 304 Total native taxa 294 88 382

This table updates Table 3.1 from Fertig (2009f) and reﬂ ects new species discovered or relocated from 2008 to 2011. The number of taxa and families is based on taxonomic concepts of Welsh and others (2008).

Chapter 3: Results 57 3.14 Pipe Spring National family), Vitaceae (grape family), and Zan- Monument nichelliaceae (horned pondweed family). The Pedaliaceae and Vitaceae are represent- Since 2008–2011, 56 new plant species have ed only by cultivated plants. been documented as present or historical in Pipe Spring National Monument (PISP) (Ta- Four species that have been cited for PISP are ble 3-41). Of these, 11 came from examina- now considered falsely reported. Historical tion of specimens in the PISP herbarium that records from the PISP herbarium for scarlet were not mounted or available when the 2008 gaura (Gaura coccinea) and cushion milkwort annotated checklist was prepared (Fertig and (Polygala subspinosa) are based on specimens Alexander 2008). The remaining 45 were col- collected elsewhere in Arizona. Removal of lected or observed by Walter Fertig and Janet P. subspinosa from the monument fl ora also Coles during fl oristic or vegetation mapping results in the elimination of the Polygalaceae surveys in 2008 and 2011 (Coles et al. 2008c, family. Two other specimens from the her- Fertig 2008). These surveys also resulted in barium are misidentifi ed: Fremont’s goose- the relocation and confi rmation of 26 species foot (Chenopodium fremonti var. fremontii) is previously reported (but not vouchered) for actually silvery goosefoot (Chenopodium fre- the monument and rediscovery of another monti var. incanum), new to the monument, 10 historical species (Table 3-42). As a re- and Baker’s cryptanth (Cryptantha bakeri) is sult of these studies the known fl ora of PISP Jones’ popcornfl ower (Plagiobothrys jonesii) has increased from 277 to 330 species (Table (Table 3-42). 3-43), a net increase of 19%. Coles and others (2008c) reported one ad- Among the newly documented species are 24 ditional species for the monument fl ora plant taxa cultivated in the monument’s na- (without a voucher) that is likely an error. tive peoples and pioneer garden. Another 11 The report of fi eld mint (Mentha arvensis) non-native but naturalized species have been is probably based on a misidentifi cation of added to the fl ora, bringing the total number spearmint (Mentha × spicata), which is a con- of introduced species to 93 (an increase of spicuous species at the West Cabin Spring 60%). and along the rock-lined overfl ow channel of the Castle pond. Both species are superfi cial- Four new families are now represented in ly similar and easily mistaken for the other. the PISP fl ora. These include the Pedaliaceae (sesame family), Santalaceae (sandalwood

58 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 . fremontii ed as var. ed as var. Source (year)/Comments Source list. Cultivated. to Central America. identifi America. Cultivated. to Eurasia. list. Pop size Unc Fertig observation (2008). Native to Central America. Unc Observed by Fertig (2008). Native to Europe. Cultivated. Unc Fertig observation (2008). Native to Europe. Cultivated. Obs. Obs. Obs. Range Status Life form AnnF Wide Pres Unc Alexander & Decker s.n. PISP (2003). Previously on potential ower AnnF Intro Pres Unc Fertig & 26967 PISP (2011). Native to C North Common name winter squash AnnF Intro Pres Palmer’s amaranthPalmer’s AnnF Wide Pres Rare Fertig 27239 (2011). redroot pigweed AnnF Intro Pres Unc Fertig 24316 PISP (2008). Previously on potential list. Native recurved cryptanth AnnF Wide Pres Rare Fertig 23827 PISP (2008). Previously on potential list. tumbling orach AnnF Intro Pres Rare Fertig 24328 PISP (2008). Native to Eurasia. silvery goosefoot AnnFstevia dusty-maiden Wide AnnF Pres Wide Unc Pres Alexander 1192 PISP (2001). Specimen was previously Rare Fertig 23825 PISP (2008). Previously on potential list. setose crustweed AnnF Wide Hist Rare Heaton s.n. PISP (1937). Previously on potential list. slender goldenweed AnnF Wide Pres Rare Fertig 27083 PISP (2011). cultivated sunfl common dandelion PerF Intro Pres Unc Fertig 23818 PISP (2008). Previously on potential list. Native cabbage AnnF Intro Pres blue mustard AnnF Intro Pres Unc Louie & Malm s.n. PISP (2001). Previously on potential list. hairy-pod pepperwort AnnF Wide Pres Unc Fertig 23822 PISP (2008). poor-man’s poor-man’s pepperwort radish AnnF Intro Pres watermelon AnnF Intro Pres Unc Fertig et al. 26895 PISP (2011). Native to Africa. Cultivated. canteloupe AnnF Intro Pres Unc Fertig 27987 PISP(2008). Native to Africa & Asia. Cultivated. . for Pipe Spring National Monument, 2008–2011. rmed or reported . var var var. var. exus tumble pigweed AnnF Intro Pres Rare Fertig & 26970 PISP (2011). Previously on potential ) var. var. cinale ) . incanum C. incanum Machaeranthera gracilis, Species (Synonyms) Amaranthus albus Cucurbita maxima Amaranthus palmeri Amaranthus retrofl Cryptantha recurvata Atriplex rosea Chenopodium fremontii var ( Chaenactis stevioides Glyptopleura setulosa Haplopappus gracilis ( Xanthisma gracile macrocarpus Helianthus annuus Taraxacum offi Taraxacum Brassica oleracea capitata Chorispora tenella Lepidium lasiocarpum lasiocarpum Lepidium virginicum pubescens Raphanus sativus Citrullus lanatus Cucumis melo Table 3-41. New vascular plant taxa confi Table Family Amaranthaceae *Cucurbitaceae Amaranthaceae *Amaranthaceae *Boraginaceae *Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae *Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) *Compositae (Asteraceae) *Compositae (Asteraceae) *Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) *Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) *Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) *Cucurbitaceae *Cucurbitaceae

Chapter 3: Results 59 Source (year)/Comments Source Cultivated. Cultivated. Cultivated. to Eurasia. Cultivated. Cultivated. Cultivated. Cultivated. Previously on potential list. Pop size Unc Fertig observation (2008). Native to Central America. Unc Fertig observation (2008). Native to Central America. Unc Fertig observation (2008). Native to Europe. Cultivated. Obs. Obs. Obs. Range Status Life form AnnG Intro Pres Rare Fertig 27092 PISP (2011). Native to Europe. ss ower sandpuffs AnnF Wide Hist Unk Heaton s.n. PISP (1936). Specimen relocated at PISP. Common name butternut squash AnnF Intro Pres pumpkin, zucchini AnnF Intro Pres Unc Fertig 27084 PISP (2011). Native to Central America. bottle gourd AnnF Intro Pres Unc Fertig & 26973 PISP (2011). Native to Old World. hairy crabgra sixweeks fescue AnnG Wide Pres Rare Fertig 23828 PISP (2008). Previously on potential list. knotgrass PerG Wide Pres Unc Fertig 24333 PISP (2008). Canada bluegrass PerG Intro Pres Rare Fertig 23817 PISP (2008). Native to Eurasia. grain sorghum PerG Intro Pres Unc Fertig et al. 26898 PISP (2011). Native to Europe. Cultivated. wheat AnnG Intro Pres Rare Fertig 23824 PISP (2008). Previously on potential list. Native corn AnnG Intro Pres Unc Fertig et al. 26892 PISP (2011). Native to Central America. tepary bean AnnF Intro Pres common bean AnnF Intro Pres Unc Fertig 27091 PISP (2011). Native to Central America. cultivated onion PerF Intro Pres asparagus PerF Intro Pres Rare Fertig 24324 PISP(2008). Native to Eurasia. okra AnnF Intro Pres Unc Fertig & 26968 PISP (2011). Native to Asia. Cultivated. upland cotton AnnF Intro Pres Unc Fertig 27089 PISP (2008). Native to tropical America. small-fl devil’s clawdevil’s AnnF Wide Pres Unc Fertig 27085 PISP (2008). Cultivated. rmed or reported for Pipe Spring National Monument, 2008–2011, cont. ora ) cinalis ) ora ora Vulpia octofl Vulpia Abronia micrantha, T. Abronia micrantha, T. Species (Synonyms) Cucurbita moschata Cucurbita pepo Lagenaria siceraria Digitaria sanguinalis Festuca octofl ( Paspalum distichum Poa compressa Sorghum bicolor Triticum aestivum Triticum Zea mays Phaseolus acutifolius Phaseolus vulgaris Allium cepa Asparagus offi Abelmoschus esculentus Gossypium hirsutum Tripterocalyx micranthus Tripterocalyx ( pedunculatus Proboscidea parvifl Table 3-41. New vascular plant taxa confi Table Family *Cucurbitaceae *Cucurbitaceae *Cucurbitaceae Gramineae *Gramineae (Poaceae) *Gramineae (Poaceae) *Gramineae (Poaceae) *Gramineae (Poaceae) *Gramineae (Poaceae) *Gramineae (Poaceae) *Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) *Liliaceae (Alliaceae) *Liliaceae (Asparagaceae) *Malvaceae *Malvaceae Nyctaginaceae *Pedaliaceae (Martyniaceae)

60 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 Source (year)/Comments Source potential list. Observed by Fertig, (2011) in pond on duck platform. Native to Eurasia. potential list. Previously on potential list. Previously on potential list. Previously on potential list. PISP. PISP. Previously on potential list. PISP. Cultivated. Cultivated. Cultivated. Pop size Unc Cultivated. Fertig observation (2008). Native to Old World. Unc Fertig observation (2008). Native to South America. Unc Fertig observation (2008). Native to Eurasia. Cultivated. Obs. Obs. Obs. Range Status Life form PerF Wide Press Unc Fertig 24325 PISP (2008). PerF Intro Pres ax PerF Wide Hist Unk Heaton s.n. PISP (1939). Specimen relocated at PISP. Common name Bigelow’s linanthusBigelow’s AnnF Wide Pres Rare Fertig 23837 PISP (2008). evening-snow AnnF Wide Pres Unc Alexander & Decker 1442 PISP (2003). Previously on willow-weed AnnF Intro Pres Rare Whitehead s.n. PISP (1936) relocated in herbarium. blister buttercup AnnFbur buttercup Wide Pres AnnF Unc Intro Alexander & Decker 1412 PISP (2003). Previously on Pres Unc Alexander & Decker 1411 PISP (2003). peach Tree Intro Pres Unc Fertig 27097 PISP (2011). Native to China. Cultivated. bastard toadfl paintbrushEastwood’s PerF RegEn Pres Unc Alexander & Decker s.n. PISP (2003). Specimen relocated at bell pepper AnnF Intro Pres Anderson’s wolfberryAnderson’s Shrub Wide Pres Unc Alexander & Decker 1445 PISP (2003). Specimen relocated at tomato AnnF Intro Pres coyote tobacco AnnF Wide Pres Rare Fertig 27241 PISP (2011). Fendler’s Fendler’s ground-cherry cut-leaf nightshade AnnF Intro Pres Unc Fertig et al. 26910 PISP (2011). Native to Europe. potato PerF Intro Pres Unc Fertig et al. 26901 PISP (2011). Native to South America. carrot, Queen Anne’s-lace northern fox grape Shrub Intro Pres Unc Fertig et al. 26908 PISP (2011). Native to E North America. ) . . var. var. ) var . rmed or reported for Pipe Spring National Monument, 2008–2011, cont. ) var var orum ) ) dus Persicaria lapathifolia Hecatonia scelerata Ceratocephala testiculata C. pallida P. fendleri P. Species (Synonyms) Linanthus bigelovii Linanthus dichotomus Polygonum lapathifolium ( Ranunculus sceleratus multifi ( Ranunculus testiculatus ( Prunus persica Comandra umbellata pallida ( scabrida Castilleja scabrida Capsicum frutescens Lycium andersonii Lycium Lycopersicon esculentum Lycopersicon Nicotiana attenuata Physalis hederifolia fendleri ( Solanum trifl Solanum tuberosum Daucus carota Vitis labrusca Table 3-41. New vascular plant taxa confi Table Family *Polemoniaceae Polemoniaceae Polygonaceae Ranunculaceae Ranunculaceae Rosaceae Santalaceae Scrophulariaceae *Solanaceae Solanaceae *Solanaceae Solanaceae *Solanaceae Solanaceae *Solanaceae *Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) Vitaceae

Chapter 3: Results 61 Source (year)/Comments Source Cultivated. Pop size Range Status Life form Common name wine grape Shrub Intro Pres Unc Fertig & 26966 PISP (2008). Native to Eurasia. horned pondweed PerF Wide Pres Unc Fertig 23835 PISP (2008). rmed or reported for Pipe Spring National Monument, 2008–2011, cont. Species (Synonyms) Vitis vinifera Zannichellia palustris Family *Vitaceae *Zannichelliaceae Table 3-41. New vascular plant taxa conﬁ Table *Indicates species cited in previous updates by Fertig (2008) and others (2009c) or (2010). *Indicates species cited in previous

62 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 Table 3-42. Changes in status for Pipe Spring National Monument species, 2010–2011. Previous Current Pop Family Scientifi c name Common name Revised source (year) status status size Apocynaceae Apocynum cannabinum common Rep Pres Rare Fertig et al. 26907 PISP dogbane (2011). Boraginaceae Cryptantha bakeri Baker’s Pres Fals Rep NA Fertig 28329 (PISP) is cryptanth (cited in based on a misidentifi ed Fertig specimen of Plagiobothrys 2008) jonesii. Boraginaceae Cryptantha crassisepala thick-sepaled Hist Pres Unc Alexander & Decker s.n. var. elachantha cryptanth PISP (2003). *Boraginaceae Cryptantha gracilis slender Hist Pres Unc Fertig 23830 PISP (2008). cryptanth Chenopodiaceae Chenopodium fremontii Fremont’s Pres Fals Rep NA Alexander 1192 PISP var. fremontii goosefoot (2001) is based on a misidentifi ed specimen of C. fremontii var. incanum. Chenopodiaceae Chenopodium narrowleaf Rep Hist Unk Heaton s.n. PISP (1935). leptophyllum goosefoot Specimen rediscovered at PISP. *Chenopodiaceae Krascheninnikovia winterfat Hist Pres Unc Observed in vegetative lanata var. subspinosa Obs. condition by Fertig (2008). *Compositae Artemisia bigelovii Bigelow’s Rep Pres Unc Fertig 24327 PISP (2008). (Asteraceae) sagebrush Compositae Chrysothamnus green Rep Pres Com Coles JC08020701 PISP (Asteraceae) viscidifl orus var. rabbitbrush (2008). viscidifl orus *Compositae Conyza canadensis var. Canadian Rep Pres Unc Fertig 24334 PISP (2008). (Asteraceae) glabrata horseweed Compositae Onopordum acanthium Scotch thistle Rep Pres Unc Fertig et al. 26906 PISP (Asteraceae) (2011). Introduced from Eurasia. AZ state prohibited & restricted noxious weed. Compositae Sonchus oleraceus common Rep Pres Unc Fertig 27096 PISP (2008). (Asteraceae) sowthistle Introduced from Europe. Compositae Xanthium strumarium rough Rep Hist Unk Whitehead s.n. PISP (Asteraceae) var. canadense cockleburr (1936). Specimen relocated at PISP. *Cruciferae Arabis perennans var. perennial Rep Pres Unc Fertig 23832 PISP (2008). (Brassicaceae) perennans rockcress Cruciferae Lepidium perfoliatum clasping Hist Pres Unc Louie & Malm s.n. PISP (Brassicaceae) pepperwort (2001). *Cruciferae Streptanthella long-beak Hist Pres Com Fertig 23823 PISP (2008). (Brassicaceae) longirostris fi ddle-mustard Cyperaceae Cyperus esculentus chufa fl at-sedge Rep Pres Unc Fertig 27095 PISP (2011). Previously cited as “Cyperus sp.” Introduced from tropical America. Gramineae Bouteloua curtipendula sideoats grama Rep Pres Unc Fertig et al. 26891 PISP (Poaceae) (2011).

Chapter 3: Results 63 Table 3-42. Changes in status for Pipe Spring National Monument species, 2010–2011, cont.

Previous Current Pop Family Scientiﬁ c name Common name Revised source (year) status status size Gramineae Cenchrus longispinus ﬁ eld sandbur Rep Pres Rare Fertig & Fertig 26971 PISP (Poaceae) (2011). Gramineae Distichlis spicata desert saltgrass Rep Pres Rare Fertig observation (2011). (Poaceae) Obs. Specimen too withered to collect in mid August. *Gramineae Echinochloa crus-galli barnyard-grass Rep Pres Unc Fertig 24323 PISP (2008). (Poaceae) Introduced from Eurasia. *Gramineae Elymus elymoides squirreltail Rep Pres Unc Fertig 23821 PISP (2008). (Poaceae) *Gramineae Eragrostis cilianensis stinkgrass Rep Pres Unc Fertig 24318 PISP (2008). (Poaceae) Introduced from Eurasia. *Gramineae Poa pratensis Kentucky Pres Pres Unk Observed by Fertig (2008); (Poaceae) bluegrass Heaton s.n. PISP (1938). Introduced from Europe. *Gramineae Polypogon water Rep Pres Rare Fertig 24321 (2008). (Poaceae) semiverticillatus polypogon Introduced from Eurasia & Africa. *Gramineae Sporobolus airoides var. alkali sacaton Rep Pres Unc Fertig 24335 PISP (2008). (Poaceae) airoides *Gramineae Stipa hymenoides Indian ricegrass Pres Pres Unc Fertig 23820 PISP (2008). (Poaceae) Obs. *Iridaceae Sisyrinchium demissum blue-eyed grass Rep Pres Rare Fertig 24329 PISP (2008). Leguminosae Astragalus praelongus stinking Rep Pres Unc Alexander & Decker s.n. (Fabaceae) var. praelongus milkvetch PISP (1998). Mistakenly cited as “reported” in Fertig & Alexander 2008. *Leguminosae Melilotus alba white Rep Pres Unc Fertig 24331 PISP (2008). (Fabaceae) sweet-clover *Malvaceae Sphaeralcea parvifolia small-leaf Hist Pres Unc Observed by Fertig (2008). globemallow Obs. Onagraceae Gaura coccinea scarlet gaura Hist Fals Rep NA Heaton s.n. collection at PISP was taken from Cedar Ridge, 10 miles W of Pipe Springs and outside the monument. Polemoniaceae Eriastrum eremicum Mohave Hist Pres Unc Observed by Fertig in fruit eriastrum Obs. (2011). *Polemoniaceae Ipomopsis polycladon spreading gilia Hist Pres Unc Fertig 23831 PISP (2008). Polygalaceae Polygala subspinosa cushion Hist Fals Rep NA Heaton s.n. collection at milkwort PISP was taken from Cedar Ridge, 10 miles W of Pipe Springs and outside the monument. Polygonaceae Rumex crispus curly dock Rep Pres Unc Fertig et al. 26905 PISP (2011). Introduced from Eurasia. Scrophulariaceae Penstemon utahensis Utah Hist Pres Unc Louie & Malm s.n. PISP penstemon (2001). Specimen relocated at PISP.

64 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 Table 3-42. Changes in status for Pipe Spring National Monument species, 2010–2011, cont.

Previous Current Pop Family Scientiﬁ c name Common name Revised source (year) status status size Solanaceae Nicotiana trigonophylla desert tobacco Hist Pres Unc Relocated by Amber van Alfen (2011). Solanaceae Physalis hederifolia var. Palmer’s Rep Hist Unk Whitehead s.n. PISP palmeri ground-cherry (1935). Specimen relocated at PISP. *Solanaceae Solanum sarrachoides ground-cherry Rep Pres Rare Fertig 24320 PISP (2008). nightshade Introduced from South America. *Tamaricaceae Tamarix chinensis ﬁ ve-stamen Rep Pres Rare Fertig 24322 PISP (2008). tamarisk Introduced from Eurasia.

*Indicates species cited in previous updates by Fertig (2008) and Fertig and others (2009c) or (2010).

Chapter 3: Results 65 Table 3-43. Revised statistical summary of the ﬂ ora of Pipe Spring National Monument. Present or Reported Category Historical Total for park in park Taxonomic Diversity Total taxa 293 37 330 (including varieties and subspecies) Full species 279 34 313 (excluding varieties and subspecies) Families 59 0 59 Life Form Diversity Tree taxa 9 2 11 Shrub taxa 39 4 43 Perennial forb taxa 86 19 105 Annual forb taxa 113 2 115 Perennial graminoid taxa 30 9 39 Annual graminoid taxa 16 1 17 Fern taxa 0 0 0 Biogeographic Diversity Introduced taxa 81 12 93 Native taxa Locally endemic taxa 4 0 4 Regionally endemic taxa 16 6 22 Disjunct taxa 0 0 0 Peripheral taxa 4 1 5 Sparse taxa 1 0 1 Widespread taxa 187 18 205 Total native taxa 212 25 237

This table updates Table 3.1 from Fertig and Alexander (2008) and Table 1 from Fertig (2008) and reﬂ ects new species discovered or relocated from 2008 to 2011. The number of taxa and families is based on taxonomic concepts of Welsh and others (2008).

66 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 3.15 Timpanogos Cave National tional Monument (TICA) (Table 3-44). All Monument of these new taxa are unvouchered. The total number of species now recognized in the Since 2008, the NCPN vegetation mapping monument is 245 (Table 3-45), an increase of group (Coles et al. 2009b) has added 10 new 4.3% from 2007 (Fertig and Atwood 2009). species to the ﬂ ora of Timpanogos Cave Na-

Table 3-44. New vascular plant taxa conﬁ rmed or reported for Timpanogos Cave National Monument, 2008– 2011. Species Life Pop Family Common name Range Status Source (year)/Comments (Synonyms) form size Boraginaceae Lappula occidentalis cupseed AnnF Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2009b). (L. redowskii var. stickseed Probably var. cupulata. cupulata, L. marginata, Previously on potential list. L. texana) Chenopodiaceae Bassia americana greenmolly PerF Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2009b). (Kochia americana) *Compositae Artemisia nova var. black sagebrush Shrub Wide Rep Unk Williams observation (2007); (Asteraceae) nova Coles and others (2009b). (Seriphidium novum, A. arbuscula var. nova) Compositae Brickellia oblongifolia Mohave Shrub Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2009b). (Asteraceae) var. linifolia brickellbush Type locality: American Fork, Utah Co, (Watson 493 YU). Compositae Chrysothamnus glabrate Shrub Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2009b). (Asteraceae) nauseosus var. rabbitbrush Previously on potential list. graveolens (Ericameria nauseosa var. graveolens, E. nauseosa var. glabrata) Compositae Haplopappus narrowleaf Shrub Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2009b). (Asteraceae) macronema goldenweed Previously on potential list. (Ericameria discoidea, Macronema discoidea) Gramineae Panicum capillare witchgrass AnnG Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2009b). (Poaceae) Gramineae Stipa lettermanii Letterman’s PerG Wide Rep Unk Coles and others (2009b). (Poaceae) (Achnatherum needlegrass Previously on falsely lettermanii) reported list. Scrophulariaceae Penstemon thickleaf PerF RegEn Rep Unk Coles and others (2009b). pachyphyllus penstemon Variety not given, but probably var. pachyphyllus Solanaceae Solanum sarrachoides ground-cherry AnnF Intro Rep Unk Coles and others (2009b). (S. villosum, S. nightshade Previously on potential list. physalifolium var. Native to South America. nitidibaccatum)

*Indicates species cited in previous updates by Fertig (2008) and Fertig and others (2009c) or (2010).

Chapter 3: Results 67 Table 3-45. Revised statistical summary of the ﬂ ora of Timpanogos Cave National Monument. Present or Reported Category Historical Total for park in park Taxonomic Diversity Total taxa 235 10 245 (including varieties and subspecies) Full species 231 9 240 (excluding varieties and subspecies) Families 51 0 51 Life Form Diversity Tree taxa 14 0 14 Shrub taxa 34 4 38 Perennial forb taxa 122 2 124 Annual forb taxa 36 2 38 Perennial graminoid taxa 21 1 22 Annual graminoid taxa 6 1 7 Fern taxa 2 0 2 Biogeographic Diversity Introduced taxa 63 1 64 Native taxa Locally endemic taxa 5 0 5 Regionally endemic taxa 10 1 11 Disjunct taxa 0 0 0 Peripheral taxa 2 0 2 Sparse taxa 2 0 2 Widespread taxa 153 8 161 Total native taxa 172 9 181

This table updates Table 3.1 from Fertig and Atwood (2009) and reﬂ ects new species discovered or relocated from 2008 to 2011. The number of taxa and families is based on taxonomic concepts of Welsh and others (2008).

68 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 3.16 Zion National Park ed from the park due to the diligence of park Since 2008, 83 new plant species have been staff . Most of the new weed species are ap- documented for Zion National Park (ZION) pearing in recently burned areas, trailheads, (Table 3-46, Figure 3-4). Of these, 53 have campgrounds, or park housing. been confi rmed with voucher specimens or Three newly discovered species from ZION photographs, while 30 are reported from are local or regional endemics that might recent literature (Ott 2010). Another 16 spe- warrant special management attention. En- cies that had been known only from his- terprise milkvetch (Astragalus convallarius torical records have been relocated and 12 var. fi nitimus) is restricted to the Kolob Ter- literature reports have been verifi ed with race/Pine Valley Mountain area of Utah and new collections or photographs (Table 3-47, adjacent Nevada. It was fi rst discovered in Figure 3-5). With these discoveries, the total the park in 2001, and a second site was found confi rmed and reported fl ora of ZION now on Chinle soils bordering a small creek drain- stands at 1,074 taxa (Table 3-48), an increase ing Smith Mesa in 2011. Sand dune nodding of 8.5% (Fertig and Alexander 2009). ZION wild buckwheat (Eriogonum cernuum var. has surpassed Grand Staircase-Escalante psammophilum) is a robust form of E. cer- National Monument as the Utah park with nuum known from the East Entrance burn the highest vascular plant species richness area and only described as a new taxon in (Fertig 2009h). 2008 (Welsh et al. 2008). Cedar Canyon pep- New species discoveries in ZION have come perwort (Lepidium montanum var. hetero- from a variety of sources. Current and for- phyllum) is endemic to south-central Utah mer NPS employees in the vegetation, weed, and was discovered by Derrick Zobell in the and fi re programs, including Cheryl Decker, Kolob area in 2010 (Figure 3-4). The abun- Becca Lieberg, Kezia Nielsen, Brian Black, dance, distribution, potential threats, and Joel Silverman, and Donna Shorrock, have management needs of each of these species added at least a dozen new species to the is poorly known in the park and across their park fl ora. Ryan Meszaros, Brian Franzone, limited ranges. and fellow students from Northern Arizona The status of one of ZION’s rarest plant spe- University discovered or relocated nine taxa cies may need to be reassessed. Joel Tuhy, during research on fi re ecology in the Crater of the Utah Nature Conservancy, has ques- Hill area of Zion (Fertig et al. 2010). Jeff Ott, tioned whether specimens of Paria bread- a recent doctoral student from the University root (Pediomelum pariense) that he and other of North Carolina, added nearly 30 new re- colleagues from Brigham Young University ports through his tabulation of plot data and collected from the Checkerboard Mesa area species lists from Harper (1993) and Cogan in 1987 were actually taken from the park, or and others (2004). About two dozen new or just outside of ZION on BLM lands (Tuhy rediscovered species reports have come from personal communication, June 2011). These rare plant surveys (Fertig 2010a, 2011). Dedi- exposures of Carmel limestone should be cated amateur botanists and vacationing revisited to determine whether this southern scientists, such as Derrick Zobell, Margaret Utah endemic is actually part of the ZION Malm, and Steve McKee, have also contrib- fl ora. uted a dozen new records. An additional 45 species were reported for Twenty-two new species documented since ZION by Ott (2010) without vouchers. For 2008 are exotic plants, giving the park 162 now, these species are considered question- non-native species (Table 3-48). Although able, because ZION is outside their known none of the new species is offi cially desig- range, lacks suitable habitat, or other look- nated as a noxious weed by the State of Utah, alike species are already present. Confi rma- several are of potential management con- tion of these reports is needed with photos cern, including giamt reed (Arundo donax), or corroborated vouchers: Chilean chess (Bromus trinii), Himalayan blackberry (Rubus discolor), and grain sor- • Opuntia basilaris (Cactaceae): all other ghum (Sorghum bicolor). One of the newly reports are based on O. erinacea var. documented introduced species, hemp aurea (Cannabis sativa), has already been extirpat-

Chapter 3: Results 69 • Artemisia arbuscula (Compositae): • Scirpus americanus (Schoenoplectus report by Ott (2010) probably based on americanus) (Cyperaceae): report prob- A. nova; outside expected range and ably based on S. pungens suitable habitat not present • Swertia utahensis (Gentianaceae): • Chrysothamnus nauseosus var. nauseosus outside expected range; report probably (Ericameria nauseosa var. nauseosa) based on S. albomarginata (Compositae): outside expected range • Achnatherum contractum (Oryzopsis • Chrysothamnus parryi var. parryi (Eri- contracta) (Gramineae): well outside cameria parryi var. parryi) (Composi- expected range; probably based on Stipa tae): more likely to be var. howardii or hymenoides or a hybrid nevadensis • Aristida purpurascens (Gramineae): • Chrysothamnus viscidifl orus ssp. axil- this Great Plains species is not known laris (Compositae): considered a syn- from Utah; report probably based on A. onym of var. stenophyllus by Welsh and purpureus others (2008) • Bromus vulgaris (Gramineae): cited by • Erigeron argentatus (Compositae): ques- Ott (2010), but outside known range tionable; more likely to be E. utahensis • Elymus smithii (Pascopyrum smithii) • Geraea canescens (Compositae): outside (Gramineae): previous reports based on expected range E. lanceolatus • Haplopappus laricifolius (Compositae): • Festuca occidentalis (Gramineae): out- outside expected range; more likely to side expected range be H. linearifolius • Muhlenbergia wrightii (Gramineae): pre- • Heterotheca viscida (Compositae): prob- vious reports have all been misidentifi ed ably a typographical error and meant to • Stipa viridula (Nassella viridula) (Gra- be H. villosa (now Chrysopsis villosa); mineae): outside expected range not known from Utah • Luzula campestris (Juncaceae): outside • Hypochaeris radicata (Compositae): expected range outside expected range; report may be • Luzula parvifl ora (Juncaceae): all previ- based on Taraxacum or Crepis spp. ous reports have been based on mis- • Lygodesmia juncea (Compositae): previ- identifi ed Juncus spp. ous reports have all been misidentifi ed • Krameria sp. (Krameriaceae): outside • Stephanomeria runcinata (Compositae): expected range; report probably based outside expected range on Coleogyne ramosissima • Townsendia montana (Compositae): • Allium macropetalum (Liliaceae): out- suitable habitat probably lackisalix side expected range • ng; outside expected range • Streptopus amplexifolius (Liliaceae): • Caulanthus cooperi (Cruciferae): cited outside expected range by Ott (2010), but suitable habitat prob- • Sphaeralcea coccinea (Malvaceae): ably lacking in ZION; report may be previous reports have all been based on based on Streptanthella longirostris misidentifi ed specimens • Draba verna (Cruciferae): previously • Phlox caespitosa (Polemoniaceae) : out- cited as falsely reported; outside ex- side expected range pected range; report may be based on • Phlox hoodii (Polemoniaceae): previous misidentifi ed D. cuneifolia reports all misidentifi ed • Carex geyeri (Cyperaceae): previ- • Eriogonum fl avum (Polygonaceae) well ous reports from ZION have all been outside known range; most likely E. misidentifi ed jamesii var. rupicola • Carex utriculata (Cyperaceae) previ- • Eriogonum heracleioides (Polygonaceae): ous reports from ZION have all been outside expected range misidentifi ed

70 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 • Salix ligulifolia (Salicaceae): probably • Penstemon leonardii (Scrophulariaceae): based on S. eriocephala var. watsonii probably based on P. higginsii • Castilleja ﬂ ava (Scrophulariaceae): pre- • Physalis heterophylla (Solanaceae): vious reports all misidentiﬁ ed outside expected range: report probably • Penstemon angustifolius (Scrophularia- based on P. hederifolia ceae): outside expected range • Typha angustifolia (Typhaceae): previ- • Penstemon caespitosus (including P. ous reports from ZION all based on T. tusharensis) (Scrophulariaceae): lacking domingensis suitable habitat • Viola nuttallii (Violaceae): well outside • Penstemon lentus (Scrophulariaceae): known range; reports may be based on well outside expected range V. praemorsa.

Chapter 3: Results 71 Figure 3-4. New plant species from Zion National Park. Clockwise from top left: upland yellow violet (Viola praemorsa), discovered from the Lava Point area and photographed by Derrick Zobell. Tall cinquefoil (Potentilla arguta var. convallaria), photographed by D. Zobell near Lava Point in 2011. Spiny goldenweed (Haplopappus spinulosus var. gooddingii), photographed by D. Zobell near the Human History Museum in 2010. An unusual, whitish-ﬂ owered phase of hook-spur violet (Viola adunca), discovered independently within a week in spring 2011 along the East Rim Trail by Walter Fertig and Peter Lesica & Derrick Zobell (P. Lesica photo). The rare Cedar Canyon pepperwort (Lepidium montanum var. heterophyllum), photographed by D. Zobell in the Kolob area in 2010.

72 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 Figure 3-5. Plant species rediscovered in Zion National Park, 2008–2011. Clockwise from top left: Catnip (Nepeta cataria), rediscovered and photographed by Derrick Zobell in 2010. Arizona pincushion (Coryphantha vivipara var. arizonica) from the vicinity of Crater Hill in Zion National Park, relocated in fl ower and photographed by Cheryl Decker in 2010. Chicory (Cichorium intybus), reported but not confi rmed until photographed by Derrick Zobell in 2010. Rock holly-fern (Polystichum scopulinum), formerly considered historical and relocated and photographed by Steve McKee in 2007. Fruiting capsules with remnant fl owers of Lindley’s white bog-orchid (Habenaria dilatata var. leucostachys), rediscovered by Steve McKee in 2011. Red-osier dogwood (Cornus sericea), considered historical until relocated in 2011 by Derrick Zobell.

Chapter 3: Results 73 Source (year)/Comments Source to Central America. to Europe. on potential list. population destroyed. Native to Eurasia. falsely reported list. Pop size Range Status Life form AnnF WidePerF Pres Wide Rare Rep Fertig 26445 ZION (2011). Previously on potential list. Unk Cogan and others (2004, p. A-228) Ott (2010). Previously AnnF Wide Pres Rare Fertig 26047b ZION (2010). AnnF Wide Pres Unc Fertig 25520 ZION (2009). Previously on potential list. Common name redroot pigweed AnnF Intro Pres Unc Fertig 25219 ZION (2009). Previously on potential list. Native grave-myrtle PerF Intro Pres Unc Derrick Zobell photo (2010); Fertig 26364 ZION (2011). Native cryptanth Plains prickly-pear desert milkweed PerFcushion cryptanth AnnF Periph Wide Pres Pres Rare Unc Fertig 24650 ZION (2009). Meszaros 107 ZION (2009). Previously on potential list. hemp, marijuana PerF Intro Ext Unk (2005); Observed by Zion Resource Management staff holosteum AnnF Intro Pres Rare Fertig 24566 ZION (2009). Native to Europe. forage kochia Shrubsummer-cypress Intro AnnF Pres Intromountain Pres Uncgoosefoot Unc Meszaros 191 ZION (2009). Native to Eurasia. Fertig et al. 23277 ZION (2007). Native to Eurasia. American bugseed spiny hopsage Shrubgreasewood Wide Rep pereziaWright’s Shrub PerF Wide Unkwestern ragweed Pres Periph PerF Pres Cogan and others (2004, p. A-228) Ott (2010). Unc Wide Unc Pres & Gaienne 24608 ZION (2009). Fertig, Kingsley, Meszaros 048 ZION (2009). Previously on potential list. Unc Black & Hardy s.n. Zion RM herbarium (2010). Previously on Breaks pussytoes PerF Wide Rep Unk Ott (2010). ) for Zion National Park, 2008–2011. rmed or reported var. var. recurved exus ) ) ) . americanum var ) ) ) rydbergii Kochia prostrata Kochia scoparia, B. C. fremontii Perezia wrightii A. coronopifolia Atriplex spinosa, A. grayi Species (Synonyms) Amaranthus retroﬂ Vinca major Opuntia polyacantha polyacantha Cryptantha circumcissa Cryptantha recurvata Asclepias erosa Cannabis sativa Bassia prostrata ( Holosteum umbellatum Bassia scoparia ( sieversiana Chenopodium atrovirens ( atrovirens Corispermum americanum (Includes vars. & Sarcobatus vermiculatus Acourtia wrightii ( Ambrosia psilostachya ( Grayia spinosa ( Antennaria rosulata Table 3-46. New vascular plant taxa conﬁ Table Family *Amaranthaceae Apocynaceae Cactaceae *Boraginaceae Boraginaceae *Asclepiadaceae Cannabaceae *Chenopodiaceae *Caryophyllaceae *Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae *Chenopodiaceae *Chenopodiaceae (Sarcobataceae) *Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Chenopodiaceae Compositae (Asteraceae)

74 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 or glauca rmation needed. rmation . Source (year)/Comments Source potential list. runcinata Pop size Range Status Life form PerF Periph Pres Unc Zobell photo (2010), Fig. 3-4. Previously on potential list. Shrub Wide Rep Unk Ott (2010). Previously on potential list. AnnF WideShrub Pres Wide Unc Pres Unc Carvella s.n. ZION (2007). Previously on falsely reported list. Fertig 26073 ZION (2010) and Ott (2010). Previously on PerF Periph Pres UncShrub Fertig 25994 ZION (2010). Wide Rep Unk Ott (2010), confi PerF WidePerF Rep Wide Unk Rep Ott (2010). Previously on potential list. Unk not indicated, but probably var. Ott (2010). Variety PerF Wide Pres Unc Fertig 24585 ZION (2009). uffweed rewheel AnnF Periph Pres AnnF Unc Intro Pres Meszaros 034 ZION (2009). Unc Zobell photo (2010). Native to S USA, introduced in UT. Common name spiny goldenweed fringed sagebrush western aster PerF Widewoolly Repdesert-marigold Mohave Unkbrickell-bush Ott (2010). Previously on potential list. rocky scree golden-aster Greene’s rabbitbrush mountain hawksbeard meadow hawksbeard fl fi thrift goldenweed var. var. var. var. by rmed or reported for ZIon National Park, 2008–2011, cont. ) ) ) ) C. villosa a californica, L. armerioides gooddingii . gooddingii, . gooddingii laginoides A. occidentalis, Heterotheca fulcrata. Logfi Stenotus armerioides Xanthisma spinulosum Species (Synonyms) Machaeranthera spinulosa var Artemisia frigida Aster spathulatus ( Symphyotrichum spathulatum Baileya pleniradiata Brickellia oblongifolia linifolia Chrysopsis fulcrata ( Included in Welsh and others Welsh (2008)) Chrysothamnus greenei Crepis acuminata Crepis runcinata Filago californica ( fi Gaillardia pulchella Haplopappus armerioides var. ( armerioides Haplopappus spinulosus var. ( var Table 3-46. New vascular plant taxa confi Table Family Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) *Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) *Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) *Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae)

Chapter 3: Results 75 Source (year)/Comments Source potential list. Pop size Range Status Life form PerF LocEn Pres Rare Zobell photos from Kolob area (2010), Fig. 3-4. PerF Wide Pres Rare Fertig, & Decker 23273 ZION (2007). Previously on PerF Periph Rep Unk Ott (2010). Previously on potential list. AnnF Intro Pres Unc Carvella s.n. ZION (2007). Native to Europe. AnnF Wide Pres Rare Fertig et al. 26315 ZION (2010) AnnF Intro Pres Rare Fertig 24564 ZION (2009). Native to Eurasia. PerF Wide Rep Unk Ott (2010). Previously on potential list. ower AnnF RegEn Rep Unk Ott (2010). Previously on potential list. ower eld pepperwort AnnF Intro Rep Unk Ott (2010). Previously on potential list. Native to Asia. Cedar Canyon pepperwort Common name sand sunfl Nuttall’s Nuttall’s sunfl Fendler’s Fendler’s hawkweed hoary aster PerFwater groundsel Wide PerF Prescommon Widesow-thistle Unc Rep Fertig 25278 ZION (2009). Unk Ott (2010). large-seed dodder desert madwort AnnFEuropean Intromadwort Pres Unchairy rockcress Fertig 24465 ZION (2009). Native to Europe. PerFheartleaf Widebittercress Repfi Unk Ott (2010). ) . ) var. var. var. var. ) var rmed or reported for ZIon National Park, 2008–2011, cont. ) . var ) ) orum . canescens . micranthum, var. var. var ) var H. deserticola ) canescens L. integrifolium Chlorocrepis fendleri Aster canescens, Dieteria C. indecora A. minus A. pycnocarpa, Neolepia campestris heterophyllum Species (Synonyms) Helianthus anomalus (Includes Lepidium montanum heterophyllum ( Helianthus nuttallii Hieracium fendleri ( Machaeranthera canescens var. ( canescens Senecio hydrophilus Sonchus oleraceus Cuscuta indecora ( Alyssum parvifl Cardamine cordifolia cordifolia neuropetala, Grammica indecora Alyssum desertorum micranthum ( A. simplex Arabis hirsuta ( eschscholtziana Lepidium campestre ( Table 3-46. New vascular plant taxa confi Table Family Compositae (Asteraceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) *Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) *Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) *Compositae (Asteraceae) Convolvulaceae (Cuscutaceae) *Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) *Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae)

76 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 rmation needed. rmation Source (year)/Comments Source Europe. Eurasia. Previously on potential list. Mediterranean. Pop size Unc Decker observation at Zion housing area (2011). Native to Unc Decker observation at Zion housing area (2011). Native to Obs. Obs. Range Status Life form Fern Wide PresPerF Rare Wide Rep Fertig 26075 ZION (2010). Unk Ott (2010). Previously on potential list. PerG Wide Rep Unk Ott (2010). Previously on potential list. PerF Wide Pres Unc Lund KL0906201002 ZION (2010). Confi Common name London mustard AnnFbeaked spikerush Intro PerGslender-rush Rep Wide Pres Unk AnnG Periph Unc Nelson’s Ott (2010). Previously on potential list. Native to Europe. Presscouring-rush Fertig et al. 23283 ZION (2007). Rare Richardson’s Shorrock s.n. ZION (2004). crane’s-bill giant reed PerG Intro Pres Unc # 272 (2010). Native to Zion Resource Management Staff wild oatsChilean chess AnnG AnnGhairy tridens Intrograin sorghum Intro Pres PerG Pres PerG Rare Wide Intro Unc Rep Meszaros 141 ZION (2009). Native to Eurasia. Pres Meszaros 041 ZION (2009). Native to South America. Unk Unc Ott (2010). Franzone s.n. ZION (2007). Native to Eurasia. oregano PerF Intro Pres New Mexico feathergrass pine needlegrass PerGdesert eucrypta Widetwin phacelia Rep AnnFcut-leaf Periph AnnFhorehound Unk Pres Periph Pres Ott (2010). Unc Rare Meszaros 052 ZION (2009). Previously on potential list. Meszaros s.n. ZION (2009). Previously on falsely reported list. rosemary Shrub Intro Pres ) rmed or reported for ZIon National Park, 2008–2011, cont. . fatua ) cinalis ) ) ) var nis E. laevigatum × ) L. drummondii, A. fatua B. berteroanus Hesperostipa Achnatherum pinetorum Species (Synonyms) Sisymbrium irio Eleocharis rostellata Lipocarpha aristulata ( Hemicarpha drummondii, H. micrantha Equisetum × nelsonii (Hybrid of E. variegatum Geranium richardsonii Arundo donax Avena fatua Avena ( Bromus trinii ( Erioneuron pilosum Sorghum bicolor Stipa neomexicana ( neomexicana Origanum vulgare Eucrypta micrantha Phacelia affi americanus Lycopus Stipa pinetorum ( Rosmarinus offi Table 3-46. New vascular plant taxa confi Table Family Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) *Cyperaceae *Cyperaceae Equisetaceae Geraniaceae Gramineae (Poaceae) *Gramineae (Poaceae) *Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae *Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Labiatae (Lamiaceae) *Hydrophyllaceae *Hydrophyllaceae Labiatae (Lamiaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Labiatae (Lamiaceae)

Chapter 3: Results 77 E. ciliatum. Source (year)/Comments Source Fertig et al. 26358 ZION (2011). Previously on falsely reported list. forms native to Eurasia. Pop size Unc Decker observation at Zion housing area (2011). Cultivated Obs. Pres Unc Black & Hardy s.n. Zion RM herbarium (2010). Native to Africa. Range Status Life form PerF RegEn Pres Rare McDaniel FX-138 ZION Resource Mgmt Herbarium (2001); AnnF RegEn Pres Unc Fertig 24641 ZION (2009). AnnF LocEn Pres Rare Fertig 25222 ZION (2009). PerF Wide Rep Unk Ott (2010). Could be mistaken for PerF Wide Rep Unk Ott (2010). Previously on potential list. ower-of-an-hour AnnF Intro Common name tall cinquefoil PerF Wide Pres Unc Zobell photo (2011), Fig. 3-4. Previously on potential list. Enterprise milkvetch Grand Valley Grand Valley desert trumpet pipsissewa PerF Wide Rep Unk Ott (2010). naked broomrapenaked PerF Sparse Repsmall collomia Unkrock gilia AnnF Ott (2010). Previously on potential list. Wide Rep AnnF Periph Unk Rep Ott (2010). Previously on potential list. Unk Ott (2010). Previously on falsely reported list. chives PerF Intro Pres sand dune nodding wild buckwheat star-lilyﬂ PerFglandular Periph Repwillowherb Unk Ott (2010). Standley’s Standley’s four-o’clock showy camissonia AnnF Periph Pres Unc Meszaros 096 ZION (2009). . . . var ; var. var. var rmed or reported for ZIon National Park, 2008–2011, cont. var ) ) var. var. . ora . . atum ssp ) orum ) var var

) ) ora ) nitimus Drymocallus arguta E. fusiforme C. umbellata O. unifl E. ciliatum M. albida Species (Synonyms) Potentilla arguta convallaria ( fi Astragalus convallarius psammophilum not recognized in (Var. Flora of North America FNA fusiforme ( Chimaphila umbellata occidentalis ( umbellata Collomia linearis Gilia scopulorum Eriogonum cernuum occidentalis, Aphyllonunifl Allium schoenoprasum Eriogonum infl Hibiscus trionum Leucocrinum montanum glandulosum Orobanche unifl ( Epilobium glandulosum ( Mirabilis pumila ( Camissonia brevipes Table 3-46. New vascular plant taxa confi Table Family *Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Rosaceae Pyrolaceae (Ericaceae) Polemoniaceae Polemoniaceae *Polygonaceae Liliaceae (Alliaceae) *Polygonaceae Malvaceae Liliaceae Orobanchaceae Onagraceae Nyctaginaceae *Onagraceae

78 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 rmation needed. rmation V. arizonica. V. Source (year)/Comments Source to Eurasia. Management Herbarium. Native to E North America. Canyon Trail. Also observed by D. Zobell (2011), but not Canyon Trail. not determined. photographed. Var. on Previously on potential list. Pop size Range Status Life form Shrub Intro Pres Rare Decker 271 ZION (2010). Reported in Fertig et al. 2010. Native Fern WideTree Rep Intro Unk Pres Ott (2010). Previously on potential list. Rare Collector and date not provided—specimen in ZION Resource PerF Wide Pres Unc Fertig & 25585 ZION (2010). PerF Wide PresPerF Unc Periph Rep Zobell photo (2011), Fig. 3-4, from vicinity of Lava Point. Unk Ott (2010). Confi r Common name Himalayan blackberry sticky currant ShrubWatson’s spike-moss Widecommon Preshackberry Unc Decker 26 ZION (2008). aromatic spring-parsley stinging nettle PerF Wide Rep Unk Observed by Margaret Malm at spring Wildcat hook-spur violet PerF Wide Pres Rare Fertig & Lesica 26455 ZION (2011); Zobell photo (2011). western valerian PerF Wide Rep Unk Ott (2010). Previously on falsely reported list. May be based upland yellow violet fi dwarf-mistletoe ) by ora rmed or reported for ZIon National Park, 2008–2011, cont. var. var. var. var. albifl ) var. var. V. nuttallii V. ) orus albifl R. armeniacus C. terebinthinus U. gracilis Species (Synonyms) Rubus discolor ( Selaginella watsonii Ribes viscosissimum viscosissimum Celtis occidentalis Cymopterus terebinthinus var. ( calcareus, Pteryxia terebinthina Urtica dioica ( Viola adunca Valeriana occidentalis Valeriana Viola praemorsa (Included in some authors) Arceuthobium abietinum Table 3-46. New vascular plant taxa confi Table Family *Rosaceae Selaginellaceae *Saxifragaceae (Grossulariaceae) *Ulmaceae (Celtidaceae) Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) *Urticaceae Violaceae Valerianaceae Violaceae Viscaceae *Indicates species cited in previous updates by Fertig and others (2009c) or (2010). *Indicates species cited in previous

Chapter 3: Results 79 Table 3-47. Changes in status for Zion National Park species, 2008–2011. Scientifi c name Previous Current Pop Family Common name Revised source (year) (Synonyms) status status size Agavaceae Yucca angustissima narrow-leaved Rep Pres Unc Fertig 25612 ZION (Y. angustissima var. yucca (2010). angustissima) Boraginaceae Cryptantha humilis dwarf cryptanth Rep Pres Unc Fertig et al. 25631 (Oreocarya humilis) ZION (2010). Cactaceae Coryphantha vivipara var. Arizona pincushion Rep Pres Rare Decker photo (2010), arizonica Fig. 3-5, variety (Escobaria vivipara var. previously not arizonica. Vars. not confi rmed (Fertig et recognized in FNA al. 2010). (2003)) Cactaceae Echinocereus triglochidiatus Mohave claretcup Rep Pres Rare Fertig 25333 ZION var. mojavensis (2009). Taxonomy still (Variety not recognized in in fl ux. FNA) Chenopodiaceae Chenopodium fremontii var. silvery goosefoot Hist Pres Unc Meszaros s.n. Zion RM incanum herbarium (2009). (C. incanum) *Compositae Artemisia tridentata var. mountain big Rep Pres Unc Fertig 25273 ZION (Asteraceae) vaseyana sagebrush (2009). (Seriphidium vaseyanum) Compositae Cichorium intybus chicory Rep Pres Unc Zobell photo (2010), (Asteraceae) Fig. 3-5. *Compositae Crepis occidentalis var. western Rep Pres Unc Nielsen 725 ZION (Asteraceae) occidentalis hawksbeard (2008). (Psilochenia occidentalis) Convolvulaceae Cuscuta pentagona fi eld dodder Hist Pres Unc Black & Hardy s.n. (Cuscutaceae) Zion RM herbarium (2010). Cornaceae Cornus sericea red-osier dogwood Hist Pres Rare Zobell photo (2011), (C. stolonifera) Fig. 3-5. *Cruciferae Arabis demissa nodding rockcress Hist Pres Unc Fertig 24718 ZION (Brassicaceae) (Boechera demissa var. (2009). languida, B. oxylobula) *Cruciferae Brassica rapa fi eld mustard Hist Pres Unc Collector and date not (Brassicaceae) (B. campestris, B. napus) provided—specimen in ZION RM Herbarium. Native to Europe. Called B. campestris in Fertig et al. 2010 report. *Cruciferae Lepidium lasiocarpum var. St. George Rep Pres Unc Fertig 24670 ZION (Brassicaceae) georginum pepperwort (2009). Cruciferae Lepidium lasiocarpum var. hairy-pod Hist Pres Unc Fertig 15607 ZION (Brassicaceae) lasiocarpum pepperwort (2010). (L. lasiocarpum) *Cruciferae Lepidium montanum var. mountain Hist Pres Unc Fertig 24633 ZION (Brassicaceae) montanum pepperwort (2009).

80 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 Table 3-47. Changes in status for Zion National Park species, 2010–2011, cont.

Scientiﬁ c name Previous Current Pop Family Common name Revised source (year) (Synonyms) status status size *Gramineae Distichlis spicata desert saltgrass Hist Pres Unc Fertig 24647 ZION (Poaceae) (D. spicata var. stricta. D. (2009). stricta) *Gramineae Elymus repens quackgrass Rep Pres Unc Fertig et al. 23280 (Poaceae) (Agropyron repens, Elytrigia ZION (2007). Native to repens) Eurasia. Labiatae Nepeta cataria catnip Hist Pres Unc Zobell photo (2010), (Lamiaceae) Fig. 3-5, Decker observation (2011). *Leguminosae Lotus rigidus bush trefoil Rep Pres Unc Meszaros 112 ZION (Fabaceae) (2009). Nyctaginaceae Allionia incarnata trailing four-o’clock Hist Pres Unc Decker s.n. ZION (A. incarnata var. incarnata) Resource herbarium (2008); Zobell photo (2010) (see cover page) *Onagraceae Oenothera albicaulis white-stem Hist Pres Unc Meszaros 122 ZION evening-primrose (2009) Orchidaceae Habenaria dilatata var. Lindley’s white Hist Pres Unc Mckee photo (2011), leucostachys bog-orchid Fig. 3-5. (Platanthera dilatata var. leucostachys, P. leucostachys) Polemoniaceae Ipomopsis aggregata var. scarlet gilia Rep False NA Louie s.n. Zion RM macrosiphon (Fertig et Rep herbarium is var. (Gilia aggregata var. al. 2010) arizonica. macrosiphon) Polemoniaceae Ipomopsis congesta var. ball-head gilia Rep Pres Rare Fertig 26079 ZION congesta (2010). (Gilia congesta var. congesta) *Polygonaceae Rumex salicifolius willow dock Hist Pres Unc Decker 32 ZION (2008). (R. mexicanus, R. triangulivalvis) *Polypodiaceae Polystichum scopulinum rock holly-fern Hist Pres Unc Steve McKee photo (2007), Fig. 3-5. *Ranunculaceae Myosurus cupulatus horseshoe mousetail Rep Pres Unc Meszaros 058 ZION (2009) *Rhamnaceae Ceanothus greggii var. Mohave desert-lilac Rep Pres Unc Fertig 25327 ZION vestitus (2009). Scrophulariaceae Orthocarpus luteus yellow owl-clover Hist Pres Unc Bastian s.n. Zion RM herbarium (1997). *Umbelliferae Berula erecta var. incisa cutleaf Hist Pres Rare Fertig observation, (Apiaceae) water-parsnip Obs. River Walk Trail (2009).

*Indicates species cited in previous updates by Fertig and others (2009c) or (2010).

Chapter 3: Results 81 Table 3-48. Revised statistical summary of the ﬂ ora of Zion National Park. Present or Reported Category Historical Total for park in park Taxonomic Diversity Total taxa 1,009 65 1,074 (including varieties and subspecies) Full species 947 64 1,011 (excluding varieties and subspecies) Families 98 0 98 Life Form Diversity Tree taxa 37 3 40 Shrub taxa 127 10 137 Perennial forb taxa 462 30 492 Annual forb taxa 201 12 213 Perennial graminoid taxa 121 8 129 Annual graminoid taxa 34 1 35 Fern taxa 27 1 28 Biogeographic Diversity Introduced taxa 150 12 162 Native taxa Locally endemic taxa 44 2 46 Regionally endemic taxa 88 4 92 Disjunct taxa 4 1 5 Peripheral taxa 102 8 110 Sparse taxa 16 2 18 Widespread taxa 605 36 641 Total native taxa 859 53 912

This table updates Table 3.1 from Fertig and Alexander (2009) and Table 4 of Fertig and others (2010) and reﬂ ects new species discovered or relocated in 2009. The number of taxa and families is based on taxonomic concepts of Welsh and others (2008).

82 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 3.17 Summary of all 16 NCPN units reported or historical in a park have been re- Since 2008, 432 new vascular plant species discovered and verifi ed by a specimen, pho- have been added to the fl oras of all 16 park tograph, or confi rmed observation (although units in the Northern Colorado Plateau Net- this list also includes a small number of spe- work (Table 3-49). The greatest net increase cies shown to be falsely reported on further has come in the fl ora of Zion National Park, examination). All told, 534 changes have with 83 new plant taxa, followed by Dino- been made to the annotated checklists of the saur National Monument (57), Pipe Spring 16 network parks in the last four fi eld seasons National Monument (56), and Bryce Canyon (2008–2011). In addition, recent nomencla- National Park and Cedar Breaks National tural changes have aff ected 48 Utah species Monument (both with 41). Over this same represented by 159 park records (Fertig et al. time period, the status of another 102 spe- 2009). In just four years, nearly 700 changes cies has been changed (Table 3-49). In most to park checklists have been necessary to cases, species that were formerly classifi ed as keep up with new research.

Table 3-49. Summary of changes in the ﬂ oras of all Northern Colorado Plateau Network parks, 2008–2011. # taxa circa # of new taxa # of changes in park Park unit # taxa in 2011 2007 2008–2011 status 2008–2011 Arches NP 522 30 3 551 Black Canyon of the Gunnison NP 532 11 1 543 Bryce Canyon NP 587 41 6 628 Canyonlands NP 594 33 4 627 Capitol Reef NP 887 22 1 909 Cedar Breaks NM 345 41 2 385 Colorado NM 467 1 1 468 Curecanti NRA 679 25 3 704 Dinosaur NM 756 57 3 812 Fossil Butte NM 546 8 4 554 Golden Spike NHS 144 8 1 152 Hovenweep NM 340 5 1 345 Natural Bridges NM 428 1 1 429 Pipe Spring NM 277 56 41 330 Timpanogos Cave NM 235 10 0 245 Zion NP 991 83 30 1,074 TOTAL n/a 432 102 n/a

Chapter 3: Results 83

4 Discussion As the data provided in this report suggest, it is wrong to assume that inventory work for the 16 park units in the Northern Colorado Plateau As permanently protected lands managed with an Network is completed. New reports will con- emphasis on preserving biological diversity and tinue to come to light from park employees, re- ecological processes, parks, monuments, recre- searchers, and amateur naturalists. Additional ation areas, and historic sites managed by the Na- data sources, such as regional university or pub- tional Park Service play a signiﬁ cant role in con- lic herbaria, have not been completely mined for serving both common and rare species (Groves new species records. Revisions of nomenclature et al. 2002; Margules and Sarkar 2007). Knowing and taxonomic relationships will also continue. the biotic composition of these lands is vital to All of these changes underscore the importance conservation planning. Although presence in a of continued database management within the parkland does not ensure long-term persistence, network. Results from the past four years also species found in park units usually have a better demonstrates that inventory is still a key compo- chance of survival than on unprotected lands. nent of the NPS Natural Resource Inventory and Gaps in protected-area representation can also Monitoring program. be used to drive decisions on protecting new areas (Fertig 2010b).

Well-maintained species checklists are an im- portant conservation tool, complementing their traditional value in assisting researchers, inform- ing managers, and educating the public. Keeping these lists current can be a challenge, as under- scored by the rapid rate of change in NCPN ﬂ o- ras in just four years. Not surprisingly, the parks that have received the most research attention by botanists in recent years (Pipe Spring NM, Bryce Canyon NP, Zion NP, Dinosaur NM, Ce- dar Breaks NM) have had large increases in the size of their respective ﬂ oras. Similar results likely could be achieved in parks that have received less attention, such as Colorado NM, Black Canyon of the Gunnison NP, or Natural Bridges NM.

For species lists to be eff ective, it is vital that fi eld observations be reliably documented. Ide- ally, voucher specimens should be secured and deposited in a park or university herbarium and available for verifi cation by experts. High-quality photographs of critical features of a species can be a substitute. Vouchers or photos need to be accompanied by detailed locality information. Ob- servations that are not accompanied by supporting evidence are much less reliable. Numerous new reports for species from recent vegetation mapping studies had to be relegated to “questionable” status in our study because corrobora- ting documentation was not provided. Some of these reports will invariably prove to be correct, but any report of a species that is rare or outside of its suspected range should be treated cautious- ly so as not to call into question the reliability of the entire park checklist.

Chapter 4: Discussion 85

5 Literature Cited NRTR—2008/122, National Park Ser- vice, Fort Collins, CO. 183 pp. Albee, B. J., L. M. Shultz, and S. Goodrich. Coles, J., A. Tendick, G. Manis, A. Wight, G. 1988. Atlas of the vascular plants of Utah. Wakefi eld, J. Von Loh, and A. Evenden. Utah Museum of Natural History Occa- 2009a. Vegetation classifi cation and sional Publication No. 7. mapping project report, Arches National Park. Natural Resource Technical Report Atwood, N. D., and S. L. Welsh. 2007. New NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2009/253, Nation- taxa of Camissonia (Onagraceae); Erig- al Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. 526 pp. eron, Hymenoxys, and Tetradymia (Com- positae); Lepidium and Physaria (Cruci- Coles, J., J. Von Loh, A. Wight, K. Schulz, and ferae) from Arizona, New Mexico, and A. Evenden. 2009b. Vegetation classifi ca- Utah. Rhodora 109(940):395–414. tion and mapping project report, Timpa- nogos Cave National Monument. Natu- Clark, D. J. 2009. Capitol Reef wildfl owers. ral Resource Technical Report NPS/ El Dorado Hills, Calif.: Impact Photo- NCPN/NRTR—2009/210. National graphics. 238 pp. Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. 196 pp. Clark, D., M. Dela Cruz, T. Clark, J. Coles, S. Coles, J., A. Tendick, J. Von Loh, G. Brad- Topp, A. Evenden, A. Wight, G. Wake- shaw, G. Manis, A. Wight, G. Wakefi eld, fi eld, and J. Von Loh. 2009. Vegetation and A. Evenden. 2010. Vegetation clas- classifi cation and mapping project re- sifi cation and mapping project report, port, Capitol Reef National Park. Natural Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Resource Technical Report NPS/NCPN/ Park. Natural Resource Technical Report NRTR—2009/187. National Park Ser- NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2010/361, Nation- vice, Fort Collins, CO. 868 pp. al Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. 542 pp. Cogan, D., M. Reid, K. Schulz, and M. Pu- Coles, J., A. Wight, J. Von Loh, K. Schulz, and cherelli. 2004. Zion National Park, Utah A. Evenden. 2011. Vegetation classifi ca- 1999–2003 vegetation mapping project tion and mapping project report, Golden fi nal report. Technical Memorandum Spike National Historic Site. Natural Re- 8260-03-01. Remote Sensing and GIS source Technical Report NPS/NCPN/ Group, Technical Service Center, Bureau NRTR—2011/508. National Park Ser- of Reclamation, Denver, CO. 72 pp. + vice, Fort Collins, CO. 234 pp. appendices. Dorn, R. D. 2001. Vascular plants of Wyo- Coles, J., D. Cogan, D. Salas, A. Wight, G. ming. Third edition. Cheyenne, Wyo.: Wakefi eld, J. Von Loh, and A. Evenden. Mountain West Publishing. 412 pp. 2008a. Vegetation classifi cation and mapping project report, Dinosaur National Fertig, W. 2008. Vascular plant fl ora of Pipe Monument. Natural Resource Technical Spring National Monument: 2008 up- Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2008/112, date. Report prepared for the National National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. Park Service by Moenave Botanical Con- 801 pp. sulting, Kanab, UT. 15 pp. Coles, J., J. Von Loh, A. Evenden, G. Ma- ——. 2009a. Annotated checklist of vascular nis, G. Wakefi eld, and A. Wight. 2008b. fl ora: Capitol Reef National Park. Natu- Vegetation classifi cation and mapping ral Resource Technical Report NPS/ project report, Natural Bridges National NCPN/NRTR—2009/154, National Monument. Natural Resource Technical Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. 172 pp. Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2008/077, ——. 2009b. Annotated checklist of vascular National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. fl ora: Cedar Breaks National Monument. Coles, J., A. Wight, J. Von Loh, K. Schulz, and Natural Resource Technical Report A. Evenden. 2008c. Vegetation classifi ca- NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2009/173, Nation- tion and mapping project report, Pipe al Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. 90 pp. Spring National Monument. Natural Re- source Technical Report NPS/NCPN/

Chapter 5: Literature Cited 87 ——. 2009c. Annotated checklist of vascular for Fossil Butte National Monument and fl ora: Dinosaur National Monument. the Wyoming Natural Diversity Data- Natural Resource Technical Report base, University of Wyoming. NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2009/225, Nation- Fertig, W., and J. Alexander. 2008. Annotated al Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. 181 pp. checklist of vascular fl ora: Pipe Spring ——. 2009d. Annotated checklist of vascular National Monument. Natural Resource fl ora: Golden Spike National Historic Technical Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR— Site. Natural Resource Technical Report 2008/131. National Park Service, Fort NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2009/206, Nation- Collins, Colorado. 60 pp. al Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. 50 pp. ——. 2009. Annotated checklist of vascular ——. 2009e. Annotated checklist of vascular fl ora: Zion National Park. Natural Re- fl ora: Hovenweep National Monument. source Technical Report NPS/NCPN/ Natural Resource Technical Report NRTR—2009/157, National Park Ser- NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2009/207, Nation- vice, Fort Collins, CO. 196 pp. al Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. 112 pp. Fertig, W., and N. D. Atwood. 2009. Annotat- ——. 2009f. Annotated checklist of vascular ed checklist of vascular fl ora: Timpano- fl ora: Natural Bridges National Monu- gos Cave National Monument. Natural ment. Natural Resource Technical Re- Resource Technical Report NPS/NCPN/ port NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2009/155, NRTR—2009/167, National Park Ser- National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. vice, Fort Collins, CO. 76 pp. 96 pp. Fertig, W., and C. Kyte. 2009. Annotated ——. 2009g. Vascular plant fl ora of the Ash- checklist of vascular fl ora: Fossil Butte down Gorge Wilderness Area and ad- National Monument. Natural Resource ditions to the fl ora of Cedar Breaks Na- Technical Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR— tional Monument. Moenave Botanical 2009/205, National Park Service, Fort Consulting, Kanab, UT. 45 pp. Collins, CO. 104 pp. ——. 2009h. Species richness and comple- Fertig, W., and D. N. Reynolds. 2009. Survey mentarity: Sizing up Utah’s national of rare plants of Cedar Breaks National parks, monuments, recreation areas, and Monument: Final report. CPCESU Co- historic sites. Sego Lily 32(5):6–7. operative Agreement #H1200-004-0002. Prepared for Cedar Breaks National ——. 2010a. Rare plants of Zion National Park. Monument, The Colorado Plateau Co- Cooperative Agreement H1200040002. operative Ecosystem Studies Unit, and Report prepared for Zion National Park Southern Utah University. 93 pp. and Southern Utah University by Moe- nave Botanical Consulting, Kanab, UT. Fertig, W., and S. Topp. 2009. Annotated 95 pp. checklist of vascular fl ora: Bryce Can- yon National Park. Natural Resource ——. 2010b. Finding gaps in the protected Technical Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR— area network in the Colorado Plateau: 2009/153, National Park Service, Fort A case study using vascular plant taxa in Collins, CO. 130 pp. Utah. Pages 109–119 in C. Van Riper, III, B. F. Wakeling, and T. D. Sisk, eds., The Fertig, W., S. Topp, and M. Moran. 2009a. Colorado Plateau IV: Shaping conserva- Annotated checklist of vascular fl ora: tion through science and management. Arches National Park. Natural Resource Tucson: University of Arizona Press. Technical Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR— 2009/220, National Park Service, Fort ——. 2011. Rare plant and non-native weed Collins, CO. 117 pp. survey of the Dakota Hill Complex fi re, 2008–2010. Report prepared for Zion ——. 2009b. Annotated checklist of vascular National Park by Moenave Botanical fl ora: Canyonlands National Park. Nat- Consulting, Kanab, UT. 56 pp. ural Resource Technical Report NPS/ NCPN/NRTR—2009/221, National ——. 2012, in prep. Rare plants of Fossil Butte Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. 130 pp. National Monument. Report prepared

88 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 Fertig, W., S. Topp, M. Moran, and R. Weiss- Ott, J. E. 2010. Individualistic and phyloge- inger. 2009c. New vascular plant species netic perspectives on plant community discoveries in the Northern Colorado patterns. Dissertation, Department of Plateau Network: 2008 update. Moenave Biology, University of North Carolina, Botanical Consulting, Kanab UT. 24 pp. Chapel Hill, NC. 231 pp. Fertig, W., S. Topp, and R. Meszaros. 2010. Schelz, C., M. Moran, and A. Lafever. 2006. New vascular plant species discoveries Southeast Utah Group plants. National in the Northern Colorado Plateau Net- Park Service Southeast Utah Group work: 2009 update. RM-CESU Coopera- (Arches NP, Canyonlands NP, Hov- tive Agreement #H1200090004. enweep NM, & Natural Bridges NM), Moab, UT. 16 pp. Friesen, B. A., S. Blauer, K. Landgraf, J. Von Loh, J. Coles, K. Schulz, A. Tendick, A. Tendick, A., J. Coles, P. Williams, G. Brad- Wight, G. Wakefi eld, and A. Evenden. shaw, G. Manis, A. Wight, G. Wakefi eld, 2010. Vegetation classifi cation and map- and A. Evenden. 2010. Vegetation classi- ping project report, Fossil Butte National fi cation and mapping project report, Cu- Monument. Natural Resource Technical recanti National Recreation Area. Natu- Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2010/319. ral Resource Technical Report NPS/ National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. NCPN/NRTR— 2010/408. National 534 pp. Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. 781 pp. Groves, C. R., D. B. Jensen, L. L. Valutis, K. Tendick, A., G. Kittel, J. Von Loh, P. Williams, H. Redford, M. L. Shaff er, J. M. Scott, J. V. D. Cogan, J. Coles, A. Wight, G. Wake- Baumgartner, J. V. Higgins, M. W. Beck, fi eld, and A. Evenden. 2011a. Vegetation and M. G. Anderson. 2002. Planning for classifi cation and mapping project re- biodiversity conservation: Putting con- port, Bryce Canyon National Park. Nat- servation science into practice. Biosci- ural Resource Technical Report NPS/ ence 52(6):499–512. NCPN/NRTR—2011/442, National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. 742 pp. Harper, K. T. 1993. Zion National Park vegetation: Summary report. Zion National Tendick, A., B. Friesen, G. Kittel, P. Williams, Park, Springdale, UT. J. Coles, A. Wight, G. Wakefi eld, and A. Evenden. 2011b. Vegetation classifi ca- Hogan, T., N. Lederer, and W. Fertig. 2009a. tion and mapping project report, Cedar Annotated checklist of vascular fl ora: Breaks National Monument. Natural Re- Colorado National Monument. Natural source Technical Report NPS/NCPN/ Resource Technical Report NPS/NCPN/ NRTR—2011/470, National Park Ser- NRTR—2009/231, National Park Ser- vice, Fort Collins, CO. 470 pp. vice, Fort Collins, CO. 111 pp. Tendick, A., J. Coles, K. Decker, M. Hall, J. Hogan, T., N. Lederer, D. Clark, and W. Fer- Von Loh, T. Belote, A. Wight, G. Wake- tig. 2009b. Annotated checklist of vas- fi eld, and A. Evenden. 2012, in prep. cular fl ora: Black Canyon of the Gun- Vegetation classifi cation and mapping nison National Park. Natural Resource project report, Canyonlands National Technical Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR— Park. Natural Resource Technical Report 2009/227, National Park Service, Fort NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2012/, National Collins, CO. 118 pp. Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. ——. 2009c. Annotated checklist of vascu- Von Loh, J., K. Langdorf, A. Evenden, T. Ow- lar fl ora: Curecanti National Recreation ens, S. Blauer, and M. Reid. 2007. Vegeta- Area. Natural Resource Technical Re- tion classifi cation and mapping project port NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2009/232, report, Colorado National Monument. National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. Natural Resource Technical Report 133 pp. NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2007/061. Nation- Margules, C. R., and S. Sarkar. 2007. System- al Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. atic conservation planning. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.

Chapter 5: Literature Cited 89 Von Loh, J., G. Wakefi eld, A. Wight, A. Even- selected habitats in Arches National Park den, and J. Coles. 2008. Vegetation clas- and Natural Bridges National Monu- sifi cation and mapping project report, ment. Natural Resources Technical Re- Hovenweep National Monument. Nat- port NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2011/443. ural Resource Technical Report NPS/ National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. NCPN/NRTR—2008/092. National Welsh, S. L., N. D. Atwood, S. Goodrich, and Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. L. C. Higgins. 2003. A Utah fl ora. Third Weber, W. A., and R. C. Wittmann. 2001. Col- edition, revised. Brigham Young Univer- orado fl ora: Western Slope. Third edi- sity Print Services, Provo, UT. 912 pp. tion. Boulder: University Press of Colo- ——. 2008. A Utah fl ora, 2004–2008 summa- rado. 488 pp. ry monograph. Fourth edition, revised. Weissinger, R., E. Jensen, and A. Wight. 2011. Brigham Young University Print Servic- Status of rare endemic plant species in es, Provo, UT. 1019 pp.

90 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 Appendix A. Nomenclatural Changes from the Fourth Edition of A Utah Flora (Welsh et al. 2008)

The annotated checklists (see entries in Chapter 5) for the 11 Utah parks in this report were developed using the nomenclature of the third edition of A Utah Flora (Welsh et al. 2003). Shortly before the National Park Service published the checklists, a revised version of the Utah Flora was published (Welsh et al. 2008). This new edition introduced a number of changes in nomenclature and species concepts. These changes are summarized in the following table, reprinted from Fertig and others (2009c).

Key Family and species nomenclature follows Welsh and others (2008).

Park codes: ARCH = Arches NP BRCA = Bryce Canyon NP CANY = Canyonlands NP CARE = Capitol Reef National Park CEBR = Cedar Breaks National Monument DINO = Dinosaur National Monument GOSP = Golden Spike National Historic Site HOVE = Hovenweep National Monument NABR = Natural Bridges National Monument TICA = Timpanogos Cave National Monument ZION = Zion National Park

Park status: H = Historical (not relocated since 1970), Po = Potential (species has not been found in park yet, but is known from similar habitats in vicinity), Pr = Present (conﬁ rmed with a voucher), R = Reported (cited for park in literature or based on a reliable observation, but without a voucher), F = False Report (previous report has been shown to be incorrect or is questionable).

Appendix A 91 E. S. C. split into two split into two made a synonym made a synonym of transferred to made a synonym of made a synonym of made a synonym of recognized as a full elevated to full species. rubra consimilis sterilis goodrichii gnaphalodes hallii. oreophilus. hololeucus. B. salicifolia.

Chenopodium album species. Comments of Var. var. var. Var. species. Var. UT material now considered to be ssp. Chenopodium album species. S. torreyana nigra. and name added in Welsh Variety others (2008). Baccharis glutinosa Var. var. hillmanii. and name added in Welsh Variety others (2008). E. awapensis abajoensis. and name added in Welsh Variety others (2008). New variety name published by and others (2008). Welsh

ZION

TICA

NABR

HOVE

GOSP DINO

R Pr Po Po Name change. Po Var. Po CEBR

FPr FPr Park status Po Pr

CARE CANY

Po F Pr . BRCA

Pr Pr Pr Pr Po Po Pr Po ARCH Pr Po Pr Po Pr Po Pr Pr Pr Pr Pr Pr Po Po Pr Po Pr Pr Pr Pr Pr Pr Po Pr Po rPPPP R R PrRPrPrPrPo Pr Pr Pr Pr Po Pr Pr Pr Pr Pr A Utah Flora var. var. var. var. var. var. nigra . hallii kingii var. var. oreophilus hololeucus ssp var. var. var. var. var. var. var. var. . zschackei Salicornia rubra Current species name Current et al. 2008) (Welsh Chrysothamnus nauseosus Yucca sterilis Yucca Cleomella hillmanii goodrichii Chenopodium album Chenopodium berlandieri var Suaeda nigra Aster kingii Chrysothamnus nauseosus Cerastium arvense strictum Silene scouleri Erigeron glabellus glabellus Erigeron vagus madsenii ssp. var. var. var. var.

(without consimilis ssp. (no variety) var. var. var. var. goodrichii album . berlandieri Salicornia europaea rubra Former species name et al. 2003) (Welsh Chrysothamnus nauseosus Yucca harrimaniae Yucca sterilis Cleomella palmeriana var. Spergularia marinaChenopodium album var. Spergularia salina Chenopodium album var Suaeda torreyana torreyana Aster kingii Baccharis glutinosa Baccharis salicifolia Chrysothamnus nauseosus gnaphalodes Cerastium arvense Silene scouleri pringlei Erigeron awapensisErigeron glabellus Erigeron abajoensis (without variety) Erigeron vagus variety) Chenopodiaceae Compositae (Asteraceae) Table A-1. Nomenclatural changes for the fourth edition of Table Family Agavaceae Capparaceae (Cleomaceae) Caryophyllaceae Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Caryophyllaceae Caryophyllaceae Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae)

92 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 A. S. S. made a made a synonym made a synonym made a variety of made a synonym of made a synonym of made a synonym of made a synonym of made a synonym of made a synonym of made a synonym of elevated to full species. elevated to full species. G. canescens. made a synonym of made a synonym of made a synonym of var. made a synonym of var. orum. munciensis sonnei scouleri gracilis. imberbis B. rapa. Hymenoxys h.

accidus. accidus. parvifl Var. Alyssum minus var. var. fl S. douglasii fl Comments Brassica campestris of Var. incisa. Physaria wardii kingii. P. Rorippa islandica R. palustris. Rorippa islandica R. palustris. Carex gynocrates C. dioica. Elatine triandra E. rubella. Gnaphalium wrightii synonym of S. douglasii Ambrosia salsola Hymenoclea s. Helenium hoopesii of ZION

Pr Pr Po TICA

Pr H

NABR

HOVE

GOSP DINO

Pr R Po Po CEBR

Park status CARE

RPr Pr Pr Pr Pr Pr

CANY BRCA

Pr Pr PrPr Pr Po Pr Var. Po Pr Po Po Pr ARCH R Po R Pr Pr Po Pr Pr Pr Pr Po Po Var. Pr R R Pr Pr Pr Pr . var . var. var. gracilis var. var. var var. var. var. var. var. var. var. orum var. var. accidus accidus accidus Arabis pulchra Alyssum parvifl micranthum Xylorhiza imberbis monoensis Senecio fl Current species name Current et al. 2008) (Welsh Descurainia incana incisa Physaria kingii parvifolia Rorippa palustris glabra Rorippa palustris hispida Carex dioica gynocrates Hypericum scouleri fl Senecio fl . . . . . var var. var. var var var var var. var. var. var. scouleri Arabis pulchra munciensis Alyssum minus micranthum imberbis Xylorhiza tortifolia Brassica campestris Brassica rapa Senecio douglasii monoensis Former species name et al. 2003) (Welsh Descurainia incana sonnei Physaria wardii Rorippa islandica glabra Rorippa islandica hispida Carex gynocrates Elatine triandraHypericum formosum var. Elatine rubella Gnaphalium wrightii Gnaphalium canescens Ambrosia salsola Hymenoclea salsola Helenium hoopesii Hymenoxys hoopesii Senecio douglasii longilobus Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cyperaceae Elatinaceae Guttiferae (Hypericaceae) Table A-1. Nomenclatural changes for the fourth edition of A Utah Flora, cont. Table Family Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae)

Appendix A 93 made a is the earliest is the earliest made a made a synonym made a synonym of made a synonym of uitans. P. ﬂ S. valerandi. oribundus made a synonym of made a synonym of made a synonym of columbianus occidentalis simplex. leucanthus. D. occidentalis.

Delphinium scaposum name for the species. Aletes Cymopterus. Oreoxis Cymopterus. Oreoxis Cymopterus. Subspecies recognized in Welsh and Subspecies recognized in Welsh others (2008). Varieties recognized in Welsh and recognized in Welsh Varieties others (2008). Comments Dalea oligophhylla of Var. name for the species. var. var. Two varieties recognized in Welsh varieties recognized in Welsh Two and others (2008). Zion material belongs to new variety tortilis. varieties recognized in Welsh Two and others (2008). and New variety named by Welsh others (2008). Var. ssp. Potamogeton nodosus synonym of Samolus ﬂ synonym of Delphinium scaposum ZION

H H Pr Pr

TICA

NABR

HOVE GOSP

Po DINO

Pr Po CEBR

Park status CARE

Po Pr CANY

Po Pr BRCA

Po Po ARCH FPo F Pr Pr Pr Pr R Pr Pr Pr Pr Po Pr Pr Pr Pr Pr Pr Pr Pr Pr Pr Pr Pr Pr Pr Po Pr Pr Pr Po Po var. var. var. var. var. var. var. var. var. ssp. ssp. uitans pensylvanica andersonii . scaposum Cymopterus macdougalii Pastinaca sativa sylvestris Parietaria pensylvanica var. Current species name Current et al. 2008) (Welsh Lupinus latifolius leucanthus Delphinium scaposum var Abronia fragrans fragrans Camissonia walkeri tortilis Camissonia walkeri walkeri Oenothera californica avita Pellaea glabella simplex Delphinium scaposum var.

ssp. var. var.

var. var. (without oribundusvalerandi Samolus . scaposum . andersonii Aletes macdougalii breviradiatus Oreoxis alpinaOreoxis trotteriPastinaca sativa Cymopterus alpinus ssp.) Cymopterus trotteri Parietaria pensylvanica (without var.) Former species name et al. 2003) (Welsh Dalea oligophylla Dalea occidentalis Lupinus latifolius columbianus Delphinium andersonii var Abronia fragrans (without variety) Camissonia walkeri (without variety) Camissonia walkeri (without variety) Oenothera californica (without variety) Pellaea glabella occidentalis Potamogeton nodosus Potamogeton ﬂ Samolus ﬂ Delphinium andersonii var Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) Urticaceae Family Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Ranunculaceae Nyctaginaceae Onagraceae Onagraceae Onagraceae Polypodiaceae (Adiantaceae or Sinopteridaceae) Potamogetonaceae Primulaceae Ranunculaceae Table A-1. Nomenclatural changes for the fourth edition of A Utah Flora, cont. Table

94 Vascular Plant Species Discoveries in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Update for 2008–2011 The Department of the Interior protects and manages the nation’s natural resources and cultural heritage; provides scientiﬁ c and other information about those resources; and honors its special responsibilities to American Indians, Alaska Natives, and afﬁ liated Island Communities.

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