The Cold War 60s Peace Movement John F. Kennedy United Nations Space Race Lyndon B. Johnson Truman Doctrine TV Richard M. Nixon Marshall Plan Suburbs Gerald Ford Iron Curtain Environmentalism James Earl Carter McCarthyism Feminism Ronald Reagan Berlin Airlift Conservativism George Bush Korean War Civil Rights Movement William Jefferson Clinton Berlin Wall Detente George W. Bush Cuban Missile Crisis Harry S Truman Barack Hussein Obama Vietnam War Dwight D. Eisenhower Donald J. Trump The Cold War Political war between USA & USSR (Soviet Union) USSR: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Arms race Mutually Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD) The Cold War Warsaw Pact: Soviet version of NATO democracies (NATO): military alliance of western North Atlantic Treaty Organization United Nations France, & China 5 permanent members: US, Britain, Russia, Replaced League of Nations after WWII economic economic interventions Security Council: orders military & Truman Doctrine communism, communism, others will too Domino Theory: if one country falls to communism from spreading Created containment policy: keep Help others resist communism Marshall Plan Western Europe desperate after WWII takeover Rebuild W. Europe toprevent communist Iron Curtain Europe non Symbolic separation between Western Winston Churchill - communist & Eastern communist McCarthyism Zedong Zedong (1949) China falls tocommunists under Mao secrets to USSR (1953) Rosenberg’s executed for giving atomic Korea (1950) North Korean communists invade South McCarthyism “Communist “Communist Witch Hunts” (1947 (HUAC) House Unamerican Activities Committee Investigations of suspected communists Senator Joseph McCarthy (R - WI) - 1954) Berlin Airlift US & Britain flew in supplies (1948) Soviets cut off land access to W. Berlin Blockade Blockade removed (1949) Korean War MacArthur sent to lead UN forces Parallel into SouthKorea (1950) North Korean communists cross 38 Ceasefire in 1953 Truman fires MacArthur China attacks Stalemate @ 38 th Parallel th Berlin Wall Germany (1961) Soviets wall off West Berlin from rest of to freedom To keep their own people from escaping Symbolized Symbolized the Cold War Cuban Missile Crisis (1959) Fidel Castro’s communists takeover Cuba Soviets putnuclear missiles inCuba (1962) Cuba (1961) Bay of Pigs:failed CIA - backed invasion of Cuban Missile Crisis Closest to WWIII Kennedy blockades Cuba promises not toinvade Soviets “blink” & remove missiles: US Vietnam War Vietnam North Vietnam communists invade South Stalemate until withdrawal (1975) Televised war Tet Offensive (1968) combat combat troops (1965) Gulf of Tonkin Resolution: US sends 60s Peace Movement Candidate” Candidate” assassinated (1968) Robert Kennedy: presidential “Peace movement Kent State shooting (1970): ended 60s peace society’s norms Counter in Chicago (1968) Riot @ the Democratic National Convention - culture: those who break with Space Race Between US & USSR to get to the moon 1 of electronics, etc. Lasting benefits: satellites, miniaturization to walkonthe moon Apollo 11: Neil Armstrong 1 Sputnik I (1957): Sputnik I(1957): 1 Yuri Gagarin: 1 st man in space st man - made satellite st man st TV presidential debate Kennedy/Nixon Debates (1960): 1 Replaced radio 24 Changed politics & culture - Hour News Cycle st televised Suburbs “White Flight” rate after WWII Baby Boom (1945 ethnic makeup Changing composition: area changes its Levittown: 1 st suburb - 1964): growth in birth Environmentalism Rachel Carson’s Radical conservationism Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Earth Day Silent Spring Silent Spring (DDT) Feminism Betty Friedan’s for Women (NOW) Gloria Steinem’s National Organization Roe v. Wade (1973): legalized abortion Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) Feminine Mystique Conservativism rugged individualism law, strong military, small government, “Traditional” American values: rule of President” Richard Nixon (1968): “first conservative Republican candidate Barry Goldwater (1964): 1 — lost to LBJ st conservative Civil Rights Movement Jackie Robinson (1947) Warren Court (Chief Justice Earl Warren) military (1948) Executive Order 9981: desegregated the Civil Rights Movement (1954): (1954): outlawed Jim Crow Brown v. Board of Education Integration: Integration: intermingling of races Court Justice Thurgood Marshall: 1 st Black Supreme Rosa Parks: Montgomery Bus Boycott (1956) Little Rock Nine (1957) James Meredith: 1st Black to attend the

University of Mississippi (“Ole Miss”) 1962 Civil Rights Movement Rights Civil Civil Rights Movement protest (civil disobedience) Letter from a Birmingham Jail: nonviolent Martin Luther King (SCLC) Southern Christian Leadership Conference Civil Rights Movement Dream” Speech March on Washington (1963): “I Have a Freedom Riders Committee (SNCC) Student Non Greensboro Four: sit - Violent Coordinating - ins Civil Rights Movement Malcolm X: “byany means necessary” and religious discrimination Civil Rights Act of 1964: prohibited racial (UFW): grape boycott for migrant workers Cesar Chavez’s United Farm Workers taxes & literacy tests (24 Voting Rights Act of 1965: prohibited poll th Amendment) Civil Rights Movement affirmative affirmative action is legal Bakke v. University of California (1978): Miranda v. Arizona (1966): Miranda Rights Malcolm X assassinated (1965) Race riots MLK assassinated (1968) Détente Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT) Easing of political tensions “Glasnost” “Glasnost” Mikhail Gorbachev’s “Perestroika” & Superpower summits Shuttle Diplomacy Harry S Truman Berlin Berlin Airlift Truman Doctrine (containment policy) McCarthyism begins Marshall Plan 33 Executive Order 9981 rd President (Democrat) 1945 - 1953 Harry S Truman China fallstocommunists (1949) Korean War begins (1950) “Dewey Defeats Truman” (1948) 34th President (Republican) 1953-1961 “I Like Ike” Korean War ceasefire (1953) Sends troops to Little Rock (1956) Interstate Highway System Cuba falls to communists (1959) U-2 Incident (1960): US spy plane shot Dwight D. Eisenhower D. Dwight down by USSR John F. Kennedy (1963) “Ich bin Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) 35 Bay Bay of Pigs(1961) Berlin Wall goes up (1961) th President (Democrat) 1961 ein Berliner” Speech in Berlin - 1963 John F. Kennedy was the lonegunman Warren Commission: determined Oswald TX (November 22, 1963) Assassination: Lee Harvey Oswald Dallas, Lyndon B. Johnson Civil Rights & Voting Rights Act welfare state Great Society (1965): created modern Vietnam War 36 th President (Democrat) 1963 - 1969 Richard M. Nixon Opened relations with communist China (1972): (1972): “only Nixon could go to China” “1 “Checkers Speech” (1952) Kennedy /Nixon Debates (1960) 37 st th conservative conservative President” President (Republican) 1969 - 1974 Richard M. Nixon broke story on Watergate Woodward & Bernstein: reporters who Watergate (1974): Nixon resigns Gerald Ford chosen to replace VP Spiro Agnew resigns (1973): Gerald Ford Bicentennial (July 4, 1776) Oil crisis(OPEC) Pardoned Nixon “non “Whip Inflation Now” (WIN) 38 th President (Republican) 1974 - elected” - 1977 James Earl Carter “Malaise” “Malaise” & “Stagflation” Islamic Islamic followers take 52 American hostages Iranian Hostage Crisis (1979): radical between Israel & Egypt Camp David Accords (1978): peace treaty 39 Panama Canal Treaty th President (Democrat) 1977 - 1981 40th President (Republican) 1981-1989 Supply-side Economics (Reaganomics): “trickle-down” “Morning Again in America” (1984) Iran-Contra Scandal (1987): Congress

Ronald Reagan Ronald investigated arms sales to Iran used to fund anti-communist Contras in Nicaragua Ronald Reagan Minister of Great Britain Margaret Thatcher: conservative Prime weapons (SDI) Won the Cold War: outspent Soviets on Down This Wall!” Berlin Speech (1987): “Mr. Gorbachev, Tear union Solidarity: Polish anti - communist labor George Bush 41 Gulf War (1991) Berlin Wall comes down (1989) Soviet Union breaks up (1991) st President (Republican) 1989 - 1993 William Jefferson Clinton Impeachment (1998) (NAFTA) North American Free Trade Agreement 42 Republican Revolution (1994) “Hillarycare” (1993) nd President (Democrat) 1993 - 2001 George W. Bush War on Terror: Afghanistan & Iraq Patriot Act 9/11 (al 43 Bush v. Gore Election of 2000 rd President (Republican) 2001 - Qaeda) - 2009 Barack Hussein Obama “The Great Recession” 44 Rise of ISIS Affordable Care Act (2009): Obamacare th President (Democrat) 2009 - 2017 Donald J. Trump 45 1 Again” Populist campaign: “Make America Great st th “citizen” President: nonpolitician civilian President (Republican) 2017 -