LAKE COUNTY, ILLINOIS

2012 DIAMOND LAKE SUMMARY REPORT

PREPARED BY THE LAKE COUNTY HEALTH DEPARTMENT Population Health Environmental Services

INSIDE THIS ISSUE:

SUMMARY 2

LAKE HISTORY 3

WATERSHED 3

WATER CLARITY 5

VOLUNTEER LAKE 5 MONITORING

TOTAL SUSPENDED 6 SOLIDS

NUTRIENTS 7

CONDUCTIVITY 8 Mundelein Park District's Diamond Lake Wakeboard Spectacular, Dan Luedert~Sun-Times Media CHLORIDE 9 Diamond Lake is a glacial District, Oak Terrace portion of the lake by BEACHES 10 lake, with a surface area of Homeowner’s Association Illinois Route 83, one in the 153.2 acres and a maximum and West Shore Park Oak Terrace subdivision BATHYMETRIC MAP 11 depth of 23.6 feet. The Homeowner’s Association. and one West Shore Park Village of Mundelein Diamond Lake has also been subdivision. Diamond Lake PLANT SAMPLING 12 borders the east and north a participant in the Illinois drains into Indian Creek and shorelines, and the Environmental Protection eventually the Des Plaines FLORISTIC QUALITY 13 remaining shoreline is Agency’s (IEPA) Volunteer River. The primary land INDEX unincorporated. Diamond Lake Monitoring Program uses within the Diamond EURASIAN 14 Lake offers power boating, since 1996. Lake watershed were single WATERMILFOIL swimming, fishing, and family homes, water, and aesthetics for private and Diamond Lake receives agriculture. CURLYLEAF PONDWEED 15 public lake users. Lake water from its approximate AQUATIC HERBICIDES 16 activities are administered 686.2 acre watershed that In general, the water quality NPDES on the lake by three main includes four inlets; two in 2012 was good. Many 17 entities: Mundelein Park located on the southwestern water quality parameters ZEBRA MUSSELS 18

FISH SURVEY 19 ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES WATER QUALITY SPECIALISTS LAKE IMPROVEMENTS 21 Kelly Deem Kathy Paap Gerald Urbanozo [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] RECOMENDATIONS 22 PAGE 2 2012 DIAMOND LAKE SUMMARY REPORT

LAKE SUMMARY (CONTINUED) LAKE FACTS have not changed significantly 23:1 indicates phosphorus concentrations, the average Major Watershed: since the 2002 lake study. was limiting. Also using conductivity reading for Des Plaines Total phosphorus phosphorus as an indicator, Diamond Lake was 0.8330 Sub-Watershed: concentrations in Diamond the trophic state index (TSIp) mS/cm, which was above the Indian Creeek Lake averaged 0.039 mg/L in ranked Diamond Lake as county median (0.8020 mS/ Surface Area: 2012 which is a 5% increase eutrophic with a TSIp value of cm). This was a 1% increase 153.17 acres from the 2002 concentration 57.0. from the 2002 average Shoreline Length: of 0.037 mg/L. The total (0.8374 mS/cm). The 3.09 miles phosphorus concentrations in The 2012 average total chloride concentration in Maximum Depth: 2002 and 2012 did not suspended solids (TSS) Diamond Lake in 2012 was 23.56 feet exceed the Illinois concentration for Diamond 165 mg/L which is above the Average Depth: Environmental Protection Lake was 6.5 mg/L, which county median of 136mg/L. 7.65 feet Agency’s (IEPA) impairment was less than the 2012 county Lake Volume: level of 0.050 mg/L. median (8.2 mg/L) and a Plant sampling was conducted 1171.59 acre-feet However monitoring by the slight reduction from the on Diamond Lake in April Watershed Area: IEPA Volunteer Lake 2002 value of 5.9 mg/L. and July. One macro-algae 686.16 acres Monitoring Program (VLMP) Water clarity was measured and seven species of aquatic Lake Type: had phosphorus by Secchi depth, with the plants were present covering Glacial concentrations exceeding the lowest reading in September approximately 35% of the Current Uses: applicable standard 2007- (2.00 feet) corresponding lake. Coontail and Eurasian swimming, fishing, 2011. Nitrogen is the other with the highest TSS Watermilfoil were the two power boating, and nutrient critical for algal concentration (7.6 mg/L). most abundant species found aesthetics growth. The average Total The average Secchi depth for at 20% and 16% of the sites, Kjeldahl nitrogen the season was 3.17 feet respectively. Curlyleaf History and Pictures concentration for Diamond which is slightly higher than Pondweed and Eurasian Provided by: Lake was 0.84 mg/L which the county median (2.99 Watermilfoil are exotic and was lower than the 2002 feet). invasive that tend to crowd Greg Denny: Diamond Lake value by 30% (1.20 mg/L). out native species when left Resident A total nitrogen to total Conductivity readings, are unmanaged. Reference Sources: phosphorus (TN:TP) ratio of correlated with chloride Digital Past, and “Mundelein” by Shawn Killackey (Arcadia Press, 2009) PREPARED BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES PAGE 3

HISTORY The area around Diamond “Diamond Lake” greatest value was as a fishing Lake has been inhabited since The Mundelein area (while resort. The shoreline of the at least 1650, when the still unincorporated) changed lake at this point is described Potawatomi Indians were its name to "Holcomb" in a being mostly composed of known to have been trading honor of John Holcomb, a rushes. with French fur traders. The person who was active in the In the early 1900’s, Diamond first European inhabitants area's development. As Lake had been gradually reached the area in the early Holcomb, the community changing to a resort oriented 19th century. Peter Shaddle added a railway station and a community. A number of (for whom a street is named) post office. The Holcomb resorts, camps, hotels located was the first known settler, area later incorporated in on or near the Lake, building a log cabin in the February 1909 under a new including: Bills (where the area now owned by St. Mary name, "Rockefeller"; a former Gayle Street Inn was of the Lake Seminary in 1835. reference to businessman located), There are records in the John D. Rockefeller. The Lakeside Cottage Resort, Fremont Library of an Indian Town of Diamond Lake then Allenbachs, Tatlers Hotel, camp on the south side of became a part of Cranes Resort and Flanders Diamond Lake “Rockefeller”. Tavern were located in the The next settlers were The area near the lake was Diamond Lake area. tradesmen escaping from mostly composed of farms Like the rest of the country, England's industrial with a big emphasis on dairy the Diamond Lake era depression, who became products, especially cheese, underwent a post World War farmers in the Mundelein and there was a large II housing and population area. In honor of their former creamery in the town of boom. Much of the professions, they named the Diamond Lake. surrounding watershed was city "Mechanics Grove", and The Diamond lake area also platted into lots for home built schools, churches, and had a large number of development, with a businesses. The immediate icehouses, supplying all of corresponding increase in area around Diamond Lake Libertyville with ice. population. Rays Ice Cream 1915 was actually a town called However, Diamond Lake’s Ft. Sheridan Troops 1908 Rowboat 1913 WATERSHED The source of a lake’s water watershed feeding the lake The principal water source in supply is very important in relative to the lakes size is Diamond Lake comes from determining its water quality also an important factor in the drainage of the land and choosing management determining the amount of within the watershed. practices to protect the lake. pollutants in the lake. The Precipitation has a direct A watershed is an area of land watershed to lake surface area effect on the volume of the where surface water from ratio of 5:1 is small. This is lake as storm runoff is rain and melting snow meet positive in that it may help directed from impervious at a point, such as a lake or minimize serious water surfaces into the lake. As the Drainage Lake stream. The watershed of quality problems that often lake volume increases some A lake fed by streams, Diamond Lake encompasses accompany larger watershed water quality parameters can groundwater, approximately 686.16 acres, to lake ratios by identifying become less concentrated; precipitation and draining large residential and correcting pollutant creating a flushing effect. In runoff and drained areas to the west and south of sources. 2012 there was no outflow by a stream the lake. The size of the from the lake from July PAGE 4 2012 DIAMOND LAKE SUMMARY REPORT

WATERSHED (CONTINUED) through September. from the west side of Illinois affecting Diamond Lake were However some water quality Route 83. In an attempt to from the following land uses: parameters were actually quantify the amount of single family homes (34%), lower during the dryer phosphorus and total and agricultural (11%). sampling years when suspended solids entering Based on the amount of compared to the years with Diamond Lake various inlet impervious surfaces each land higher precipitation. This samples were scheduled to be use contributes varied may indicate that there is a collected in addition to the in amounts of runoff. Because source of pollution occurring lake samples. However the impervious surfaces (parking during storm events. In May inlets remained dry lots, roads, buildings, 1996 and February 1997, the throughout the 2012 sampling compacted soil) do not allow Lake County Public Works season and the rain events rain to infiltrate into the Department received that occurred did not produce ground, more runoff is complaints about sewage sufficient runoff for sampling. generated than in the overflows from lift stations undeveloped condition. The The outlet of Diamond Lake adjacent to the southern shore major sources of runoff for is located on the eastern side of Diamond Lake. In both Diamond Lake were single of the lake. The Drain flows instances, heavy rains caused family homes (40%), and southeast and enters Indian high water flows to overload transportation (34%). The Creek Illinois Route 83 and the lift stations. A rough lack of wetland, forest, and Diamond Lake Road, estimate of 200,000 to grassland areas around the eventually draining into the 250,000 gallons bypassed the lake increases pollution as Des Plaines River. lift stations. Since these runoff and nutrients don’t Retention time, the amount events, Lake County Public have a chance to be absorbed of time it takes for water Works has upgraded parts of before entering the lake . Storm water coming from the West entering a lake to flow out of the systems in this area, and Controlling water that runs side of 83 under the road and a it again, was calculated to be sanitary sewer, overflowing and made several repairs. In 2011 from the land’s surface into approximately 2.38 years. running down the same incline sanitary sewer overflows the lake is important for Based on the 2012 data, the through Weich park into the lake. were documented coming drainage lakes. current external sources

Direction of watershed: 2012 Land use in the Diamond Lake receives Diamond Lake water from its approximate watershed 686.2 acre watershed that Water includes four inlets two Disturbed Land located on the Transportation southwestern portion of the lake by Illinois Route 83, Agricultural one in the Oak Terrace Government and Institutional subdivision and one West Wetlands Shore Park subdivision. Utility and Waste Facilities Diamond Lake drains into Single Family Indian Creek and eventually the Des Plaines Office River. The primary land Retail/Commercial uses within the Diamond Industrial Lake watershed were Multi Family single family homes, water, Forest and Grassland and agriculture. Public and Private Open Space PREPARED BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES PAGE 5

VOLUNTEER LAKE WATER CLARITY MONITORING PROGRAM (VLMP) Water clarity is an indicator water. Algae, microscopic The 2012 average water of water quality related to animals, water color, eroded clarity in Diamond Lake was The VLMP was established in chemical and physical soil, and resuspended bottom 3.17 feet; this was an 8% 1981 to gather information on properties. sediment are factors that decrease in the lake’s Illinois inland lakes, and to interfere with light transparency since 2002 (3.44 provide an educational Measurements taken with a penetration and reduce water feet) However the water program for citizens. The Secchi disk indicate the light transparency. clarity was above the county primary measurement by penetration into a body of volunteers is the Secchi depth median of 2.99 feet. (water clarity). Other observations such as water color, suspended algae and sediment, aquatic plants and odor are also recorded. The sampling season is May through October with measurements taken twice a month. In 2012, there were 50 lakes that participated in Lake County. For more information visit: VOLUNTEER LAKE MONITORING www.epa.state.il.us/water/ vlmp/index.html Additional water clarity determine long-term water Lake was one of eight lakes to measurements were taken in quality trends and support participate including: Loch Diamond Lake through current lake management Lomond, Channel Lake, participation in the Illinois decision making. The average Catherine Lake, Lake Marie, Environmental Protection VLMP Secchi disk depth from Fisher Lake, Cedar Lake, and Agency’s (IEPA) Volunteer Lake 2012 was 2.85 feet. Annual Cross Lake. The volunteers on Monitoring Program (VLMP). VLMP readings have varied from Diamond Lake have provided Diamond Lake residents Greg 2.70 feet 2004 to 5.87 feet in data that is vital for the and Alice Denny have 2007. In addition the Denny continued monitoring and participated in the program since family has also collected winter management of this lake. The 2002. Participation in the data on Diamond Lake, by LCHD-ES would like to thank Greg Denny VLMP program has provided collecting water clarity and ice them for their efforts and 11 year VLMP Diamond Lake with annual thickness during the more recommend continued baseline data that can be used to challenging months. Diamond involvement in the future. Winter Data Collection

SECCHI DISK AVERAGES FROM VLMP AND LCHD RECORDS FOR DIAMOND LAKE 1997—2012.

VLMP

LCHD

LAKE COUNTY 2011 MEDIAN 2.99 FEET

PAGE 6 2012 DIAMOND LAKE SUMMARY REPORT

TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS Monthly Total Another measure of water 8.0 4.5

Suspended Solid clarity is turbidity, which is 7.5 4.0 Concentrations and caused by particles of matter 7.0 Secchi Depth in rather than dissolved organic 3.5 compounds. Suspended Diamond Lake, 2012. 6.5 particles dissipate light, which 3.0 TSS (mg/L) affects the depth at which 6.0 2.5

plants can grow. The total (mg/L)TSS Secchi Depth 5.5

suspended solid (TSS) (ft) depth Secchi (feet) 2.0 parameter (turbidity) is 5.0

composed of nonvolatile 1.5 suspended solids (NVSS), non- 4.5

organic clay or sediment 4.0 1.0 materials, and volatile May June July August September suspended solids (TVS) (algae What you can and other organic matter). in 2012 can be attributed to boats on a lake can contribute do to protect organic particles, such as algae to the amount of algae and 2012 TSS concentrations Diamond Lake and 48% can be attributed to suspended sediment in a lake averaged 6.5 mg/L which was non-organic particles such as by churning up the lake below the county median of 1. Establish no-wake sediment. Turbidity caused by bottom in shallow areas. 8.6 mg/L and a 9% increase algae and sediment reduced the Motors stir up the lake zones in shallow since the 2002 average water clarity in Diamond Lake. sediment, re-suspending areas concentration of 5.9 mg/L. The highest TSS concentration nutrients (phosphorus) that High TSS values are typically occurred in August this are at the lake bottom. When 2. Educate lake users correlated with poor water corresponded with the lowest these nutrients reach the clarity (Secchi disk depth) and to avoid sensitive Secchi depth of the sampling surface of the water where can be detrimental to many season of 2.0 feet. the algae are, they can feed areas and drive aspects of the lake ecosystem the algae and increase the slowly through including the plant and fish Algae blooms were density of the algea. This communities. documented July and August in shallow areas stirring can also decrease the 2011. These were mostly Calculated nonvolatile water clarity because of noted as being planktonic, algae 3. Keep your boat suspended solids (NVSS) was additional particles suspended that float or drift, in nature. motor properly 3.4 mg/L. This means that in the water column. trimmed 52% of the TSS concentration The quantity and size of power Effective mixing depth Effective Mixing Effective mixing depth is the Depth by Engine Size maximum depth at which the engine Horsepower Mixing Depth stirs up the water and, in turn, the lake bottom sediment. The 10 6 importance of these findings is that power boating in shallow areas on 28 10 lake is likely to stir up bottom 50 15 sediments, decreasing water clarity and releasing nutrients from the lake 100 18 bottom, which can feed algae and Source: Lakeline, December 1991 reduce water clarity. PREPARED BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES PAGE 7

NUTRIENTS What has been done to reduce

Organisms take nutrients in phosphorus concentration in human and animal waste, soil phosphorus WHAT HAS BEEN DONE from their environment. In a Diamond Lake was 0.039 mg/ erosion, detergents, septic levels in Illinois TO REDUCE PHOSPHORUS lake, the primary nutrients L this was a 5% increase from systems, common carp, and LEVELS IN ILLINOIS needed for aquatic plant and the 2000 concentration (0.037 runoff from lawns. July 2010- The state of algal growth are phosphorus mg/L) and below the 2012 Nitrogen is the other nutrient Illinois passed a law to and nitrogen. In most lakes, county median of 0.067 mg/ critical for algal growth. Total reduce the amount of phosphorus is the limiting L. Lakes with concentrations Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) is a nutrient, which means exceeding 0.050 mg/L can phosphorus content in measure of organic nitrogen, everything that plants and support high densities of algae dishwashing and laundry and is typically bound up in algae need to grow is available and aquatic plants, which can algal and plant cells. The detergents. in excess: sunlight, warmth, reduce water clarity and average 2012 TKN for and nitrogen. In Diamond dissolved oxygen levels and July 2010- The state of Diamond Lake was 0.84 mg/ Lake, the limiting nutrient are considered impaired by Illinois passed another law L, which was below the was phosphorus, which has a the IEPA. county median of 1.16 mg/L restricting the use of lawn direct effect on how much Phosphorus originates from a and a 30% decrease from the fertilizers containing aquatic plants and algae can variety of sources, many of 2002 concentration (1.20 mg/ grow in lakes. phosphorus by which are related to human L). commercial applicators. The 2012 average total activities which include:

TROPHIC STATE INDEX What you can Another way to look at nutrients. Lakes start out with (nutrient-poor, biologically do to protect phosphorus levels and how clear water and few aquatic unproductive), mesotrophic Diamond Lake they affect lake productivity is plants and over time become (intermediate nutrient to use a Trophic State Index more enriched with nutrients availability and biological 1. Do not throw or (TSI) based on phosphorus and vegetation, until the lake productivity), eutrophic burn eaves, grass (TSIp). TSIp values are becomes a wetland. This (nutrient-rich, highly commonly used to classify and process takes thousands of productive), or hypereutrophic clippings, other organic compare lake productivity years. However, human (extremely nutrient-rich, debris into the street or levels (trophic state). A lake’s activities that supply lakes with productive). In 2012, driveway. Runoff response to additional additional phosphorus that Diamond Lake was eutrophic carries these through phosphorus is an accelerated drives eutrophication is with a TSIp value of 57.0. rate of eutrophication. speeding up this process Based on the TSIp, Diamond storm sewers, directly Eutrophication is a natural significantly. The TSIp index Lake ranked 45h out of 174 to Diamond Lake process where lakes become classifies the lake into one of lakes studied by the LCHD-ES increasingly enriched with four categories: oligotrophic from 2000-2012. 2. Build a rain garden to filter run-off from roofs, driveways, streets. This allows the phosphorus to be bound to the soil so it does not reach surface waters. 3. Sweep up fertilizer OLIGOTROPHIC: MESOTROPHIC: EUTROPHIC: that is spilled or Lakes are generally clear, deep and Lakes lie between the oligotrophic Lakes are high in nutrients, they are inadvertently applied to free of weeds or large algae blooms. and eutrophic stages. Devoid of usually either weedy or subject to Though beautiful, they are low in oxygen in late summer, their frequent algae blooms, or both. hard surface areas, do nutrients and do not support large hypolimnions limit cold water fish Eutrophic lakes often support large not hose it away. fish populations. and cause phosphorus cycling from fish populations, but are also sediments. susceptible to oxygen depletion. PAGE 8 2012 DIAMOND LAKE SUMMARY REPORT

CONDUCTIVITY AND CHLORIDE the critical value for Another parameter measured chlorides in aquatic 180.0 0.8600 systems is 230 mg/L. during 2012 that is important in comparing data from year 175.0 0.8400 to year is conductivity. 170.0 0.8200 Conductivity is the measure of different chemical ions in 165.0 0.8000

solution. As the 160.0 0.7800

concentration of these ions (mg/L)

230 mg/L = 1 teaspoon -

increases, conductivity Cl of salt added to 155.0 0.7600 5 gallons of water. increases. The conductivity (mS/cm) Cond of a lake is dependent on the 150.0 0.7400 - lake and watershed geology, DATE COND Cl 145.0 0.7200 May 0.7900 152 the size of the watershed June 0.8383 155 flowing into the lake, the land 140.0 0.7000 May June July August September July 0.8494 168 uses within that watershed, August 0.8439 174 and evaporation and bacterial September 0.8415 176 activity. Conductivity has been shown to be highly chloride, potassium chloride, tolerant to high chloride Conductivity (mS/cm) correlated (in urban areas) magnesium chloride or concentrations. Diamond and Chloride (mg/L) with chloride ions found in ferrocyanide salts. The Lake 2012 average chloride concentrations in road salt mixtures. Water United States Environmental concentration was 165 mg/L, Diamond Lake, 2012. bodies most subject to the Protection Agency has which is above the county impacts of road salts are determined that chloride median of 153 mg/L. streams, wetlands or lakes concentrations higher than Typically lakes in the county draining major roadways. In 230 mg/L can disrupt aquatic have experienced increases in 2012, Diamond Lake systems. Chlorides tend to chloride concentrations in the average conductivity was accumulate within a past 10 years many doubling 0.8330 mS/cm. This value watershed as these ions do in concentrations. The was above the county not break down and are not insignificant increase in the median of 0.7821 mS/cm utilized by plants or animals. 2012 chloride concentration and a minimal decrease from High chloride concentrations in 2012 is influenced by the the 2002 value 0.8374 mS/ may make it difficult for many mild winter. Diamond Lake cm. One of the most of our native species to chloride levels are influenced common dissolved solids is survive. However, many of by the winter road road salt used in winter road our invasive species, such as maintenance of Illinois deicing. Most road salt is Eurasian Watermilfoil, Cattail Highway 83 and Unites States sodium chloride, calcium and Common Reed, are Highway 45.

As salts dissolve and move through the watershed with snowmelt and storm- water runoff they tend to remain in the water cycle by settling. Diamond Lake has higher concentrations of chlorides in the deeper portions of the lake. Novotny et al. 2007 PREPARED BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES PAGE 9

CHLORIDES: WHAT HAS BEEN DONE TO REDUCE CHLORIDE LEVELS IN DIAMOND LAKE Deicing tips to The Lake County Division of positioning systems (GPS) on This liquid has several protect Transportation (LCDOT) snow plows are providing real advantages: Diamond Lake uses an environmentally -time tracking of these 1. Beet juice adds moisture friendly alternative to salt a vehicles, as well as the to help salt work better. liquid by-product consisting application of salt and de-ice 1. De-icers melt snow and 2. Lowers the working of salt brine mix (70%), beet materials. The data is then ice. They provide no temperature of salt to below juice (20%) (beet by- used to better coordinate and traction on top of snow zero. product) and calcium target services, saving on salt and ice. 3. Creates a composition that chloride (10%). This and gas. In addition the sticks to the pavement versus 2. Anti-icing prevents the product will be mixed with Village of Mundelein Public dry salt that can bounce off of bond from forming the salt on the trucks to Works Department has the pavement. between pavement and create an oatmeal like attended Lake County 4. Reduces salt use by 20%. ice. substance, and then applied sponsored deicing workshops. 5. Environmentally friendly to the streets. LCDOT is These workshops focus on 3. De-icing works best if product. also enhancing efficiency of applications rates, calibration, you plow/shovel before snow removal, and going and environmental effects. applying material. green through innovation 4. Pick the right material and technology. Global for the pavement temperatures. Pavement Temp. One Pound of Salt (NaCL) °F melts Melt Times 5. Sand only works on top 30° 46.3 lbs of ice 5 min. of snow as traction. It 25° 14.4 lbs of ice 10 min. provides no melting. 20° 8.6 lbs of ice 20 min 6. Anti-icing chemicals 15° 6.3 lbs of ice 1 hour must be applied prior to 10° 4.9 lbs of ice Dry salt is ineffective and will blow snow fall. away before it melts anything

In 2012, Mundelein Public Works Department was left with an Anti-icing truck equipped with spar overabundance of salt and limited storage for next winter. Source: Daily Herald, 2012 PAGE 10 2012 DIAMOND LAKE SUMMARY REPORT

BEACHES There are four state licensed management body for the average precipitation, inland swimming beaches on bathing beach is notified and a beaches across the county and Diamond Lake: Grove sign is posted indicating the Lake Michigan experienced Terrace, Lake Terrace, swim ban. E. coli is used as higher concentrations of E. Mundelein Park District, and an indicator organism, coli. Oak Terrace. These beaches meaning that high There are many ways E.coli were sampled for the bacteria concentrations of E. coli can end up in a swimming Eschericia coli (E. coli) levels might suggest the presence of beach. Heavy rainfall and every two weeks, from mid harmful pathogens such as, strong wind associated with May to the end of August, by Salmonella, Giardia, etc. storms can cause the water to Kerry McCaughey LCHD the LCHD-ES in 2012. The From 2003 to 2012 the become cloudy with sediment Lab staff uses black light water samples are tested for Mundelein Park District from the lake bottom. technology to report E. E. coli bacteria, which are Beach has had the most Stormwater from rain can coli beach data. found in the intestines of closures with a total of 28 also wash in other particles warm-blooded swim bans while Oak Terrace from lawns, streets, and animals. While not all strains beach has had the least with buildings. This sediment and of E. coli are the same, ten. In 2004 no swim bans stormwater may contain high certain strains can make occurred on Diamond Lake; concentrations of E. coli. humans sick if ingested in while in 2007 39 swim bans Another source of E. coli high enough concentrations. 2012-2003 Inland Beach occurred, accounting for 43% contamination is the feces of If water samples come back Warning and Closed total swim bans from 2003 to gulls, geese, and other high for E. coli (>235 E. 2012. The summer of 2007 wildlife. (Swim Ban) List coli/100 ml), the was hot and with above Total Swim Beach 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 Bans Grove Terrace (West Shore Park #2) 1 2 1 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 18 Lake Terrace 1 1 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 13 Mundelein Park Dist. 2 2 1 2 9 6 2 2 0 2 28 Oak Terrace (West Shore Park #1) 1 1 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 10 Total 5 6 2 2 9 39 2 2 0 2 69

HOW TO PREVENT ILLNESS AND BEACH CLOSURE If you are sick, do NOT swim. Don’t swim when you have diarrhea. You can spread germs in the water. Take a shower prior to entering the beach area. Children who are not toilet trained should wear tight fitting rubber or plastic pants. Pick up garbage around the beach area. Avoid swimming during algae blooms. Do not ingest the water while swimming. Keep pets, ducks and geese out of the beach area. Identify sources of pollution (ex: failing septic systems, stagnant standing water near the beaches, creeks and storm drains).

PREPARED BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES PAGE 11

BATHYMETRIC MAP management techniques such as chemical treatments for plant or algae control, Elevation dredging, fish stocking or -2.617 - 0 habitat enhancement are part of the lake’s overall -5.235 - -2.617 management plan. -7.852 - -5.235 In November, 2009 the -10.47 - -7.852 LCHD-ES collected the field data to replace the -13.087 - -10.47 bathymetric map created by -15.704 - -13.087 the LCHD-ES in 1997. Field -18.322 - -15.704 data was collected using Biosonics equipment along -20.939 - -18.322 with a Trimble GPS unit with -23.556 - -20.939 sub-foot accuracy. Once collected, the data was This map is intended for analyzed and imported into water quality reference A bathymetric (depth physical features of the lake ArcGis for further analysis. only, not intended for contour) map is an essential such as depth, surface area, In ArcGis, the contours were navigational, swimming, tool for effective lake and volume. This drawn and the volume was or driving purposes. management since it provides information is particularly calculated. critical information about the important when intensive

STRATIFICATION Diamond Lake was thermally thermocline (the transitional anoxic boundary ranged from stratified from June through region between the 16 feet (June) to 18 feet (July August. Thermal epilimnion and the and August). This represents stratification is when a lake hypolimnion) remained 3.6% to 2.4%, respectively, divides into an upper, warm strong in August and a of the lake volume based on An illustration water layer (epilimnion) and a complete turnover (mixing) the bathymetric map created illustrating the lower, cold-water layer had occurred by the by the LCHD-ES in 2009. epilimnion and (hypolimnion). When September. stratified, the epilimnetic and hypolimnion, July, 2012 A DO concentration of hypolimnetic waters do not greater than 5.0 mg/L is mix, and the hypolimnion recommended to maintain a typically experiences anoxic healthy fishery in a lake. DO conditions (where dissolved concentrations in the Surface oxygen [DO] concentrations epilimnion did not drop drop below 1 mg/L) by mid- Epilimnion below 6.3 mg/L. However, summer. In 2012, Diamond 14 feet anoxic conditions existed Loon Lake was beginning to Hypolimnion from June through August in stratify in May at 16 feet. By the hypolimnion. This is a July it was strongly stratified normal phenomenon in large, at approximately 14 feet. The deep lakes that stratify. The PAGE 12 2012 DIAMOND LAKE SUMMARY REPORT

AQUATIC PLANTS

The tips of the braches Plants growing in our while Sago Pondweed was column falls below 1% of are crowded with lakes, ponds, and streams common at 11% of the the surface light level, leaves giving it a are called macrophytes. sampled sites. Coontail is a plants can no longer grow. “Coontail” These aquatic plants appear submersed aquatic plant The 1% light level in resemblance. in many shapes and with coarse, bushy stems Diamond Lake ranged from sizes. Some have leaves and no roots. Lacking true 12-14 feet during the that float on the water roots, the plants may drift sampling season. Plants surface, while others between a variety of depths were found at a maximum grow completely during the growing season. depth of 7.0 feet. A underwater. In Coontail overwinters as an healthy aquatic plant moderation, aquatic evergreen plant, providing population is critical to plants are aesthetically habitat to invertebrates and good lake health. Aquatic pleasing and desirable fish year round. vegetation provides environmentally. Their important wildlife habitat COONTAIL The diversity and extent of presence is natural and and food sources. Aquatic CERATOPHYLLUM plant populations can be DEMERSUM normal in lakes. influenced by a variety of vegetation provides OVERWINTERS AS A Aquatic plant sampling was factors. Water clarity and important wildlife habitat EVERGREEN PLANT, IT conducted on Diamond depth are the major and food sources. PROVIDES IMPORTANT Lake in April and July limiting factors in Additionally, aquatic plants HABITAT TO MANY 2012. There were 168 determining the maximum provide many water quality INVERTEBRATES points generated based on a depth at which aquatic benefits such as sediment AND PROVIDES FISH WITH computer grid system with plants will grow. When stabilization and YEAR ROUND HABITAT. points 60 meters apart. the light level in the water competition with algae for Aquatic plants occurred at available resources. 45 of the sites in April and 91-100% DISTRIBUTION OF 59 sites in July (27 % and 61-90% RAKE DENSITY ACROSS 35% total lake coverage, ALL SAMPLES SITES IN respectively). The 2012 41-60% 2012 (SEE MAP TO aquatic plant community 11-40% RIGHT) included one macro-algae 1-10% and 7 aquatic plant species; Rake Density # of % 0% two are exotic and No plants 109 64.9 invasive: Eurasian >0 to 10% 21 12.5 Watermilfoil and Curlyleaf Pondweed. Species >10 to 40% 15 8.9 diversity decreased from >40 to 60% 8 4.8 2002 with the loss of Slender Naiad, Water >60 to 90% 4 2.4 Stargrass, and Vallisneria. >90% 11 6.5 In 2012 the most common Total Sites species was Coontail and 59 35.1 with Plants Eurasian Watermilfoil at 20% and 17% of the Total # of 168 100.0 sampled sites, respectively, Sites PREPARED BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES PAGE 13

FLORISTIC QUALITY INDEX AQUATIC PLANTS: WHERE DO THEY Floristic quality index (FQI) is aquatic plant in a lake is lake. A high FQI number an assessment tool designed assigned a number between 1 indicates that a large number GROW? to evaluate the closeness the and 10 (10 indicating the of sensitive, high quality plant flora of an area is to that of plant species most sensitive to species present in the lake. Littoral Zone– the area undisturbed conditions. It can disturbance). This is done for Non-native species were also that aquatic plants grow in be used to: 1) identify natural every floating and submersed included in the FQI a lake. areas, 2) compare the quality plant species found in the calculations for Lake County Algae– have no true of different sites or different lake. An FQI is calculated by lakes. The median FQI for roots, stems, or leaves and locations within a single site, multiplying the average of Lake County lakes from 2000 range in size from tiny, 3) monitor long-term floristic these numbers by the square -2012 was 12.7. Diamond trends, and 4) monitor habitat root of the number of these Lake had an FQI of 3.7 one-celled organisms to restoration efforts. Each plant species found in the ranking 145th out of 160. large, multicelled plant- like organisms. Submerged Plants– have stems and leaves that grow entirely underwater, although some may also Floating Leaf Plants have floating leaves. Algae Floating-leaf Plants– are often rooted in the lake bottom, but their leaves and flowers flat on Emergent Plants the water surface. Emergent Plants– are Submerged Plants rooted in the lake bottom,

Source: Minnesota Department of Natural Resources but their leaves and stems extend out of the water.

IN MANY LAKES MACROPHYTES CONTRIBUTE TO THE AESTHETICALLY PLEASING APPEARANCE OF THE SETTING AND ARE ENJOYABLE IN THEIR OWN RIGHT. BUT EVEN MORE IMPORTANT, THEY ARE AN ESSENTIAL ELEMENT IN THE LIFE SYSTEMS OF MOST LAKES. Macrophyte leaves and stems provide a habitat or home for small attached plants and animals. Some are microscopic in size and some are larger. These attached organisms are valuable as food for animals higher in the food chain, such as fish and birds. Many types of small organisms live in the sediment. There are insects that spend the immature stages of life in the sediments, leaving when they become adults. Decomposing plant life provides part of the food supply for these sediment-dwelling organisms and the emerging insects, in turn, are food for fish. The submerged portions of macrophytes provide shelter and cover for small or young fish from larger fish that would feed on them. Types of plants that extend above the water can provide cover for waterfowl and their young, and many plants can serve directly as food for certain types of waterfowl. Aquatic plants provide many water quality benefits such as sediment stabilization and competition with algae for available nutrients. PAGE 14 2012 DIAMOND LAKE SUMMARY REPORT

EURASIAN WATERMILFOIL ILLUSTRATION OF EURASIAN Eurasian Watermilfoil and fishing gear. two and four feet outside of (EWM) is a feathery treatment areas. WATERMILFOIL The Mundelein Park District submerged aquatic plant that hires an aquatic herbicide An aquatic plant management can quickly form thick mats in applicator to annually treat plan is critical to maintaining shallow areas of lakes and parcels they own in the the health of the lake and a rivers in North America. northern portion of the lake balanced aquatic plant These mats can interfere with and the area near the community. The plan should swimming and entangle Mundelein Park District be based on the management propellers, which hinders beach for aquatic plants. In goals of the lake and involve boating fishing, and 2012 chemical applications on usage issues, habitat waterfowl hunting. Matted these parcels specifically maintenance/restoration, and milfoil can displace native targeted EWM by using a limitations of the lake. The aquatic plants, impacting fish selective herbicide (2-4D) and primary focus of the plan and wildlife. Since it was applied in areas that were the must include the control of discovered in North America most dense. The 2012 exotic aquatic species in the 1940’s, EWM has abundance of EWM in including EWM and Curlyleaf invaded nearly every US state DISTRIBUTION OF EWM Diamond Lake had decreased Pondweed. Follow up is and at least three Canadian by 12% since 2011. EWM critical to achieve long-term Provinces. Milfoil spreads was present at 9% of sample success. A good aquatic plant when plant pieces break off site in April and 17% of the management plan considers and float on water currents. sample sites in July. both the short and long-term It can cross land to new Populations were most dense needs of the lake. waters by clinging to in the southern portion of the sailboats, personal watercraft, lake and at depths between powerboats, motors, trailers,

DISTRIBUTION OF EURASIAN WATERMILFOIL DENSITY ACROSS ALL SAMPLES SITES IN APRIL (LEFT) AND JULY (RIGHT) 2012

2012 Treatment Areas Present Common Abundant Dominant PREPARED BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES PAGE 15

CURLYLEAF PONDWEED Curlyleaf Pondweed (CLP) is an pondweeds it begins growing in CLP plants are dying off. Plant die ILLUSTRATION OF invasive aquatic perennial that is the early spring. CLP has even -offs may result in a critical loss of CURLYLEAF native to Eurasia, Africa, and been documented growing dissolved oxygen. Large Australia. It was accidentally under the ice in lakes! The populations of CLP also can cause PONDWEED introduced to United States plant then reaches maturity in changes in nutrient availability. In waters in the mid-1880s by mid summer typically June in midsummer, CLP plants usually hobbyists who used it as an Lake County when our natives die back which is typically aquarium plant. The leaves are are starting to emerge. CLP followed by an increase in reddish-green, oblong, and becomes invasive in some areas phosphorus availability that may about 3 inches long, with because of its adaptations for fuel nuisance algal blooms. CLP distinct wavy edges that are low light tolerance and low can form dense mats that may finely toothed. The stem of the water temperatures which allow interfere with boating and other plant is flat, reddish-brown and the plant to get a head start and recreational uses. In July 2012 in grows from 1 to 3 feet long. outcompete native plants in the Diamond Lake CLP was present, This aquatic plant has an unusual spring. In mid-summer, when plants being found at 6 sampled life history. Unlike our native most aquatic plants are growing, sites (4% of lake). Curlyleaf Pondweed was not documented in the 2002 lake study, and at this time the density of CLP is CURLYLEAF not causing fluctuations in PONDWEED nutrient availability. The DENSITY AT 6 Diamond Lake aquatic plant SITES ON management plan should DIAMOND LAKE IN prioritize the reduction in CLP JULY 2012, populations while densities are low. This could be accomplished by manually removing the plants Present using an aquatic plant rake. This Common method also eliminates or reduces the need for chemicals Abundant treatments that would require alternative applications than Dominant those currently targeting EWM.

POTAMOGETON CRISPUS EXOTIC* COMMON NAMES: CURLYLEAF PONDWEED

Turion ORIGIN:EOXTIC* ASIA, AFRICA, AND EUROPE FOUND THROUGH- OUT LAKE COUNTY AND ILLINOIS

IMPORTANCE: INVASIVE: HAS A TOLERANCE FOR LOW LIGHT AND WATER TEMPERATURES THAT ALLOW THE KEY FEATURES: PLANT TO GET A HEAD START ON NATIVE STEM:ARE FLATTENED, BRANCHED, CAN FORM DENSE STANDS IN WATER UP TO 15 PLANTS. BY MID SUMMER WHEN MOST AQUATIC PLANTS ARE GROWING, CURLYLEAF PLANTS ARE FEET DEEP. DYING OFF. WHICH MAY RESULT IN A CRITICAL LEAF: ALTERNATE ALL SUBMERSED, OBLONG, STIFF, TRANSLUCENT LEAVES HAVE LOSS OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND AN INCREASE DISTINCTLY WAVY EDGES WITH FINE TEETH AND 3 MAIN VEINS. IN NUTRIENTS. FLOWER:TINY, WITH 4 PETAL-LIKE LOBES. IN SPIKES 1-3CM LONG ON STALKS UP TO LOOK ALIKES: CM LONG AY SEE TURIONS WHICH OVER WINTERS AS A HARD BROWN BUR LIKE 7 . (M , , - NONE BUD WITH CROWDED, SMALL HOLLY-LIKE LEAVES). PAGE 16 2012 DIAMOND LAKE SUMMARY REPORT

AQUATIC HERBICIDES-ENDOTHALL AND 2, 4-D The Park District and some the chemical applications and Eurasian Watermilfoil when residents have expressed concentrations have not used at the labeled rate, concerns about the aquatic resulted in a documented leaving native aquatic species plant populations in Diamond reduction in the Eurasian relatively unaffected. Lake that hinder recreational Watermilfoil population. In Coontail is a native plant in activities. The Mundelein May 2012 a total of 26 acres Diamond Lake that is also Park District hires an aquatic were treated with 2,4D to susceptible to 2,4-D. For a herbicide applicator to reduce exotic Eurasian healthy aquatic plant annually treat parcels they Watermilfoil populations. 2, community native plant own in the northern portion 4D is a relatively fast-acting, populations need to expand, of the lake and the area near systemic, selective herbicide so special care in the timing of the Mundelein Park District used for the control of the applications should be beach for aquatic plants. Past Eurasian Watermilfoil and considered. This product applications have included other broad-leaved species. should be applied while the applications of Reward. Both the granular and liquid exotics are actively growing Reward is a non-selective formulations can be effective and before our native plants contact herbicide, meaning it for spot treatment of Eurasian emerge. kills any plants that come in Watermilfoil. 2,4-D has been contact with it. Since 2002 shown to be selective to

DISTRIBUTION OF EURASIAN WATERMILFOIL DENSITY ACROSS ALL SAMPLES SITES IN JULY 2011 (LEFT) USING A NON-SELECTIVE HERBICIDE AND JULY (RIGHT) 2012 USING A EWM SELECTIVE HERBICIDE

2012 Treatment Areas Present Common Abundant Dominant PREPARED BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES PAGE 17

NEW PERMIT REQUIREMENTS FOR APPLYING PESTICIDES IN WATERS A National Pesticide Elimination System (NPDES) permit is required when pesticides are applied to, over or near the waters of the State. This permit applies to all public waters that have an outflow to the State waters. A Notice of Intent (NOI) must be filled and submitted electronically to the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA) at least 14 days prior to any application of pesticides. When is a NPDES permit needed? Prior to any pesticide application made directly to, over or near waters of the state. Who should obtain NPDES permit coverage? The individual pond owner who will apply the herbicide. If the pond owner hires a contract applicator either the contract ap- plicator or the pond owner could apply for NPDES coverage. How do I apply for NPDES permit coverage? File a Notice of Intent (NOI) with the IEPA. The form can be printed from the site listed above. Don't forget the 14 day public notice period and the information regarding the approval and notification process listed above, so plan ahead

What does the permit cost? FOR FULL DETAILS OF Currently there is no fee however fees may be introduced at a later date. THE RULE HTTP:// How long is the permit good for? WWW.EPA.STATE.IL.US/ Five years from the date of issuance but not from the date of coverage. WATER/PERMITS/ PESTICIDE/INDEX.HTML Is anything else needed besides the permit? An Adverse Incident Report is needed if there are any adverse impacts related to the application such as spills or accidental overdosing. The incident must be reported to the Illinois Emergency Management Agency immediately and the report must follow within 15 days. A Pesticide Discharge Management Plan (PDMP) is required if the annual threshold of 80 acres is past and if you do not meet any of the additional exemptions within the permit. The threshold is determined not only by the size of the pond or lake but by the number of treatments. For example, if a 10 acre pond is treated 9 times with different herbicides within a one-year period, it would be counted as 90 treatment acres and the 80 acre threshold limit would have been passed. This would trigger the need for a PDMP. If treated with the same herbicide 9 times, the additional treatments would not count toward the threshold. Additional things to remember You are allowed to apply only a pesticide that is labeled for aquatic use. The General NPDES permit only applies to pesticide applications that will be made directly to or over waters of the State or at water's edge. Pesticide applications to dry ditches which discharge into waters of the State may also require General NPDES permit coverage. Excerpt: Illinois DNR

A key to a healthy lake is a well-balanced aquatic plant population PAGE 18 2012 DIAMOND LAKE SUMMARY REPORT

ZEBRA MUSSELS

In 2008, zebra mussels zebra mussels can quickly ILLUSTRATION OF (Dreissena polymorpha) were edge out native mussel ZEBRA MUSSEL discovered in Diamond Lake. species. Negative impacts on These mussels are believed to native bivalve populations have been spread to this include interferences with country in the mid 1980’s by feeding, habitat, growth, system, bilge water, and bait cargo ships from Europe that movement and reproduction. buckets used in fishing. The discharged their ballast water The impact that the mussels researchers also found that into the Great Lakes. The have on fish populations is not many of the mussel larvae mussels spread throughout fully understood. However, were being transported via the Great Lakes and by 1991 zebra mussels feed on algae, aquatic plants that were taken had made their way into the which is also a major food from one lake to another on Illinois and Mississippi Rivers. source for planktivorous fish, boats or boat trailers. The In 1999, the first sighting of such as bluegills, which are larvae did not appear to be the mussel in Lake County food for bass and pike. Zebra transported by attaching to ZEBRA MUSSELS (besides Lake Michigan and mussels have also caused the sides of the boats WERE the Chain of Lakes) occurred. economic problems for large themselves. DOCUMENTED IN Currently, 26 inland lakes in power plants, public water DIAMOND LAKE IN the county are known to be supplies, and industrial Although it is too late to 2008. CURRENTLY infested with the zebra facilities, where they clog prevent the infestation of 26 LAKE ARE mussel, but this number water intake pipes. Studies Diamond Lake, below several INFESTED IN LAKE could be much higher, since on the transport of the zebra steps are listed to help COUNTY the mussel has probably gone mussel have shown that they prevent the introduction of unnoticed in many lakes. can be found in any area of a the mussel into other lakes via Due to their quick life cycle boat that holds water, transport by boat. and explosive growth rate, including the engine cooling

What you can do to Reduce the spread of Exotic Species

Educate themselves on what the species looks like and how it can be spread Remain diligent about removing plants and emptying all sources of water from boats being transferred from Diamond Lake to other lakes; Remove all mud and dirt since it might contain aquatic hitchhikers. Continue to post signs at the all boat launches educating boaters about the presence of zebra mussels (and Eurasian Watermilfoil, Curlyleaf Pondweed), the negative impacts it can have on a lake and ways to prevent the spread.

Never release plants, fish or animals into a body of water unless they came out of that body of water. PREPARED BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES PAGE 19

2008 FISH SURVEY: ILLINOIS DIVISION OF NATURAL RESOURCES September of 2009 the Illinois has a PSD value between 40% 2006 the PSD was 23 and in Department of Natural and 60%. This indicates that 2009 the PSD of the sample Fishing Logs Resources (IDNR) conducted the population consists of was 22. These data suggest You can a 60 minute daytime larger fish which should the population is made up of a track/detect electrofishing survey of support natural reproduction. larger proportion of smaller changes in Diamond Lake. The survey The PSD value however was size fish. In 2008 no bluegill the fishery by was undertaken to assess the skewed because only 3 fish over 7” were collected. recording abundance and diversity of between 8” and 12” in length Yellow bass were significantly catches and the current fish population were collected compared to 9 less abundant during this observations and to collect fish flesh fish over 12”. The IDNR survey (<1% of the catch) in fishing contaminant samples for the recommends aquatic compared to the 24% of the logs! IEPA The IDNR collected vegetation cover of at least catch in past surveys. Yellow 623 fish representing 13 20% of the lake surface to bass can significantly impact species. Bluegill dominated help increase the survival of the ecology of the lake by the fishery at 54% of the small fish. In 2012 the LCHD foraging on eggs and fry of catch followed by Golden -ES documented 35% aquatic more desirable fish. Yellow Shiners (21%) and Common plant coverage. bass were first documented in Carp (9%). Bluegill made up 54% of the Diamond Lake in 1989 when The IDNR used an index sample even though they 2 fish were collected. They called the Proportional Stock were only collected for a then expanded to represent Density (PSD) to evaluate quarter of the sample time. approximately 25% of the adult abundance of Due to the large quantities of catch from surveys in 1997. Largemouth Bass in the Bluegill, IDNR focuses their through 2006. The sample. The index compares collection on size groups and expansion was undoubtedly the number of fish longer sunfish diversity to save space responsible for declines in than 12” (Quality size) to the and reduce stress in the bluegill, crappie, yellow number of bass longer than holding tank. Overall in perch and largemouth bass 8” (Stock size) and produces a 2009 the quality of this populations through inter- value that can be used to fishery has slipped slightly to specific competition and nest compare samples from below management objectives predation. different years or different of a PSD between 40 and 60. lakes. A balanced population In 2003 the PSD was 37, in Illinois Division of Natural Resources Electro-fishing Survey Pictures provided by: Lake Lindenhurst Lake Commission

COLLECTION DATA EQUIPMENT PAGE 20 2012 DIAMOND LAKE SUMMARY REPORT

2008 FISH SURVEY: ILLINOIS DIVISION OF NATURAL RESOURCES CONTINUED New to the 2008 Diamond indicated no improvement so reductions don’t appear to be Lake fish population was in 2001 the stocking rate was warranted at this time. Gizzard Shard, Seeing gizzard again reduced (10 fish per Annual allotments of channel shad indicates a fish acre). Stock structure has catfish are driven by the movement between a creek improved slightly with PSD’s Hatchery stocking model and or drainage and the lake. increasing to 15 (in 2008) and have remained relatively There are gizzard shad in the 22 (in 2006) from 8 in 2003. constant at approximately Des Plaines River drainage so Condition, as measured by 1500 non-vulnerable size fish it’s highly possible these fish Relative Weight (Wr), the past 4 or 5 years. Future Common carp are one of came from that system and improved with the reduction stocking for Diamond Lake the most damaging upstream of the spillway. in stocking rate. Relative will include Muskellunge. aquatic invasive species Channel Catfish made up 5% Weight (Wr) values increased Following the 2008 IDNR due to their feeding from 93 in the early 1990’s to fish survey fisheries biologist, behavior that disrupts of the catch, IDNR reduced the stocking rate from 50 fish an average Wr of 102 in 2006 Frank Jakubicek, had the shallowly rooted plants per acre to 25 fish per acre in and 99 in 2008. Fish are following recommendations muddying the water. 1993 in an effort to improve considered healthy and plump for Diamond Lake. This action increases stock structure and condition when Wr’s range between turbidity and releases however, follow-up surveys 90 and 105. Further stocking phosphorus that increases algae abundance. IDNR 2008 RECOMMENDATIONS 1. Stock walleye at a rate of 25 to 35 fingerlings per acre every other year to develop and maintain their presence. 2. Conduct a standardized fish population survey in 2011. 3. The State should continue to stock 300, 8 inch, northern pike fingerlings annually. 4. The State should continue to stock 1500 non-vulnerable catfish annually. 5. Maintain vegetation in the lake equivalent to at least 20% of surface area. 6. Check signs to verify current regulations are posted and located at each public access area. 7. Encourage fishermen to target and remove carp they catch.

SPECIES NUMBER PERCENT MINIMUM AVERAGE MAXIMUM LARGEMOUTH BASS 25 4.01 2.5 9.5 20.7 BLUEGILL 336 53.93 2.4 4.9 6.8 PUMPKINSEED 1 0.16 4.2 4.2 4.2 BLACK CRAPPIE 1 0.16 9.7 9.7 9.7 YELLOW BASS 4 0.64 5.7 6.7 7.5 WALLEYE 2 0.32 8.8 9.5 10.2 YELLOW PERCH 26 4.17 3.3 5.9 7.4 NORTHERN PIKE 1 0.16 21.4 21.4 21.4 CHANNEL CATFISH 28 4.49 7.0 14.4 25.0 CARP 56 8.99 16.2 21.0 25.4 GOLDEN SHINER 131 21.03 1.2 4.6 8.1 EMERALD SHINER 1 0.16 2.9 2.9 2.9 GIZZARD SHAD 11 1.77 3 3.6 4.9 SPECIES= 13 623 100.00 LENGTH (inches) PREPARED BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES PAGE 21

DIAMOND LAKE WATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENTS

For More information visit: The Indian Creek Watershed runoff impacts from land uses Quality Improvement Project, Ltd. (ICWP) is a around the lake. In 2002 the Strategy. The focal point of http:// local non-profit organization LCHD-ES Diamond Lake the project was implementing www.indianc that was formed in 2000 to summary report noted the a series of five best reekwp.org/ promote watershed following lake problems in management projects that education, stakeholder Diamond Lake: water clarity, were used to inform outreach, and to help limited habitat, shoreline stakeholders living around the improve water quality erosion, localized excessive lake about ways to help conditions in the Indian Creek aquatic plants, and invasive intervene and to attempt to Watershed. Diamond Lake shoreline plants. Using improve common land use was identified as a key area of Illinois Section 319 Funding behavior for the preservation concern because of its from the IEPA the ICWP and protection of Diamond location, natural lake developed the Diamond Lake Lake. properties, and stormwater Area Cooperative Water

DIAMOND LAKE IMPROVEMENT SITES Specific improvements were made to these Diamond Lake sites as indicated on the map.

1 Wiech Park streamside restoration (owned by Mundelein Park and Recreation District)

2 West Shore Park dual rain garden implementation (owned by West Shore Park Corporation a homeowners association)

3 Not completed due to long term site maintenance concerns

4 Hanson Park streamside restoration (floodplain site is owned by Oak Terrace Homoeowners)

5 Oak Terrace roadside buffer rain garden implementation (site is owned by Fremont Township) Protecting the quality of our lakes is an increasing concern of Lake County residents. Each lake is a valuable resource that must be properly managed if it is to be enjoyed by future generations. To assist with this endeavor, Population Health Environmental Services ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES provides technical expertise essential to the management and Senior Biologist: Mike Adam protection of Lake County surface waters. [email protected] Environmental Service’s goal is to monitor the quality of the county’s surface water in order to: Population Health Services 500 W. Winchester Road Maintain or improve water quality and alleviate nuisance Libertyville, Illinois 60048-1331 conditions Phone: 847-377-8030 Promote healthy and safe lake conditions Fax: 847-984-5622 Protect and improve ecological diversity

For more information visit Services provided are either of a technical or educational nature and us at: are provided by a professional staff of scientists to government agencies (county, township and municipal), lake property owners’ http:// associations and private individuals on all bodies of water within Lake www.lakecountyil.gov/ Health/want/ County. BeachLakeInfo.htm

LAKE RECOMMENDATIONS Diamond Lake’s 2012 water quality was comparable to 2002. Minimal increases in total phosphorus, total suspended solids and water clarity however these parameters could be influenced by the drought conditions and/or sampling time. The aquatic plant community experienced a decrease in Eurasian Watermilfoil however the presence of the exotic invasive Curlyleaf Pondweed is a concern. Diamond Lake, lake’s management is administered by multiple entities. To improve the overall quality of Diamond Lake, the ES (Environmental Services) has the following recommendations: Create a Diamond Lake Improvement organization that represents the multiple lake users and management entities on the lake Decrease Eurasian Watermilfoil population Target Curlyleaf Pondweed while populations are low Continue Participation in Volunteer Lake Monitoring Program Participate in the Clean Waters Clean Boats Program Encourage homeowners to incorporate native plants in their landscaping through rain gardens or shoreline filter strips Continue fish work with Illinois Division of Natural Resources Install a permanent staff gage Consider wake restrictions in near shore or shallow areas

Use salt alternatives and proper application procedures. West Shore Park Rain Garden Planting, 2009