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Synthetic Report of the 4Th Global Distribution limited WHC-98/CONF.203/INF.9 Paris, 9 November 1998 Original: French UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION CONVENTION CONCERNING THE PROTECTION OF THE WORLD CULTURAL AND NATURAL HERITAGE WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE Twenty-second session Kyoto, JAPAN 30 November - 5 December 1998 Information Document: Report of the Fourth Global Strategy Meeting for West Africa, 16-19 September 1998, Porto Novo, Republic of Benin. Thirteen States Parties and non-parties to the Convention were invited to this meeting organized in co-operation with ICOMOS and the Heritage Directorate of Benin. The meeting was carried out in accordance with the programme decided upon in March 1998 by the Scientific Committee. The members of the Scientific Committee present in Porto Novo were: Mr D. Munjeri (ICOMOS), Professors Tidjani Serpos and Adjahonoun (Benin) as well as Mme C. Le Cour Grand Maison (France). The participants presented papers that described the diversity and wealth of their countries' heritage, and the Nature/Culture links. Once again a thematic approach enabled a verification of the applicability of the categories defined during the Global Strategy meetings in Harare and Addis Ababa, and the importance of the intangible aspects inherent in the African heritage. The participants adopted recommendations that should encourage the inscription of Routes and itineraries, transborder sites, the creation of national committees to better promote the Convention and support for training. They also requested a substantial increase in the sums allocated for Preparatory Assistance for the preparation of nomination files. Niger offered to organize a meeting in 1999 in order to pursue exchanges and harmonize the tentative lists. 2 CONTENTS Pages 1. Introduction 3 - 4 2. Meeting plan 4 - 5 3. Opening session: need for a balanced representation of Africa 5 - 7 on the World Heritage List 4. Nominations by country of natural and cultural properties likely 7 - 10 to be inscribed on the World Heritage List 5. Thematic approach: 10 - 14 5.1. Nature-Culture 5.2. Religious places, spiritual itineraries and trade routes, places of technical production 5.3. History, human settlements and living cultures 6. Conservation plan of the Abomey Royal Palaces 14 - 15 7. Explicit messages 15 - 17 8. Conclusion 17 ANNEXES ANNEX I : Motions of thanks 18 ANNEX II : Recommendations 19 - 22 1. Introduction 3 A meeting on African cultural heritage and the World Heritage Convention concerning thirteen western and equatorial countries was held in Porto Novo (Benin) from 16 to 19 September 1998 at the invitation of the UNESCO World Heritage Centre; it was a follow- up to the decision taken in Naples in December 1997 by the World Heritage Committee at its twenty-first session. This Global Strategy meeting was the third to be held on the African continent1. It is recalled that the objective of the Global Strategy meetings is to obtain a more balanced representation of the different cultures of humanity and in the case of Africa, to obtain both the recognition of the wealth and diversity of its heritage and a better representation of this heritage on the World Heritage List, where until now, it has been very poorly represented. The experts of thirteen countries of western and equatorial Africa responded favourably to the invitation: Benin, Burkina Faso, Equatorial Guinea, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Sao Tome, Senegal and Togo. However, Equatorial Guinea, Mauritania and Sao Tome did not participate. The different Benin authorities responsible for the development of the cultural policy of their country were also associated with the meeting. They participated actively in the debates. A Scientific Committee, composed of the ICOMOS Secretary General, Mr J.L. Luxen, Ambassador Tidjani-Serpos, Permanent Delegate of Benin to UNESCO, Mr D. Munjeri, Director of National Museums and Monuments of Zimbabwe, member of the World Heritage Committee and ICOMOS Executive Committee, Professor L.Pressouyre and Mme C. Le Cour Grandmaison, Research Director at the CNRS, had previously met in Paris on 24 March 1998 at a meeting chaired by the Deputy Director of the UNESCO World Heritage Centre, Mr G. Zouain. The Committee approved the introductory text and established the programme for the meeting In preparation for this meeting, the representatives of the invited countries had been provided with several documents relating to the World Heritage Convention, including the introductory text prepared by C. Le Cour Grandmaison. This text emphasised the very low representation of African countries on the World Heritage List. The preliminary urgency of this fourth meeting was therefore the preparation by each country of a tentative list of properties which could eventually be proposed for inscription. To this end, the terms of the 1972 Convention were recalled, drawing attention to the criteria concerning inscriptions of cultural properties and to the new categories defined by the Committee - such as cultural landscapes - which would enable better definition of the specificity of African cultures. The five themes selected by the representatives of the African States during the first Global Strategy Meeting (Harare 1995) 1 Places and dates of earlier Global Strategy meetings: the first was held in Zimbabwe (Harare 1995), the second in Ethiopia (Addis Ababa 1996), the third in the Pacific (1997) and the fourth in Benin (Porto Novo). 4 were recalled, e.g.: archaeological heritage, technical heritage and traditional know-how, religious and spiritual heritage, permanent or non-permanent human settlements, cultural itineraries and trade routes. It is in this thematic framework that the States should inventory and choose the sites that they judge as representative of their cultures and their heritage. Sites of the countries invited to the Fourth Global Strategy Meeting already inscribed on the World Heritage List - Benin: Royal Palaces of Abomey - Ghana: Forts and Castles, Volta Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions; Ashanti Traditional Buildings. - Côte d’Ivoire/Guinea: Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve - Mali: Old Towns of Djenné, Timbuktu, Cliff of Bandiagara - Mauritania: Banc d’Arguin National Park, Ancient ksour of Ouadane, Chinguetti, Tichitt and Oualata - Niger: Air and Ténére National Reserves, W National Park of Niger - Senegal: Island of Gorée; National Parks of Niokolo-Koba and Djoudj (birds). Nigeria and Gambia who had requested inscription of certain cultural properties on the World Heritage List had their requests deferred. 2. Meeting plan The meeting was conducted in four stages: i) During the opening session, each speaker emphasised the low level of representation of African cultural and natural sites inscribed on the World Heritage List and on the urgent need for each country to propose tentative lists bearing witness to the wealth, diversity and specificity of this heritage. ii) Each African expert then presented the state of cultural and natural heritage in his country and indicated the most important sites (afternoon of the first day). iii) The morning and the afternoon of the second day were devoted to the study of the sites according to the thematic approach; each theme presented by an international expert was followed by discussion and debate amongst the participants. - concept of landscape and the nature-culture links - historical heritage, human settlements and living cultures - religious places, places of technical production, itineraries and trade routes - conservation plan of the Royal Palaces of Abomey (Benin). iv) The morning of the third day was devoted to workshop sessions during which participants were able to communicate amongst themselves, ask questions and request clarifications from Mme G. Saouma-Forero of the World Heritage Centre and Mme C. Le Cour Grandmaison. Additional information was provided for the establishment of 5 tentative lists by countries and on the procedure for inscription on the World Heritage List. The afternoon of the third day was devoted to reading the recommendations that a small working group had prepared on behalf of all the experts. 3. Opening session: Need for a balanced representation of Africa on the World Heritage List The meeting was opened with speeches from Mr F. Jondot, UNESCO Representative for Benin and Togo, Ambassador Tidjani-Serpos, Mr D.Munjeri, Member of the World Heritage Committee and the ICOMOS Executive Committee and Mrs R. de Souza, Secretary General of the Ministry of Culture and Communication of the Republic of Benin. Mr F. Jondot, in his speech, underlined the effort undertaken by the Committee to encourage African States to establish tentative lists of cultural and natural African heritage that they wish to see on the World Heritage List. He recalled that the World Heritage Committee in 1994 had revised the criteria for inscription on this List; and that an evolution in the content and the broadening of the concept of cultural heritage had led to a departure from the "monumental" vision in favour of the adoption of a more anthropological and global concept of tangible testimonies of different cultures of the world. In practise, it was recalled that the States Parties - in addition to providing proof of the outstanding value of the property proposed for inscription - should establish a complete nomination file, containing the history and significance of the property proposed, and defining the modalities for its legal protection, conservation and management. The
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