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Historical Dictionary of Nigeria HDNigeriaPODLITH.qxd 6/15/09 11:09 AM Page 1 FALOLA & GENOVA Africa History HISTORICAL DICTIONARIES OF AFRICA, NO. 111 Since establishing independence in 1960, Nigeria has undergone tremendous change shaped by political instability, rapid population growth, and economic turbulence. Historical Dictionary of Nigeria introduces Nigeria’s rich and complex history and includes a wealth of information on such important contemporary issues as AIDS, human of Dictionary Historical rights, petroleum, and faith-based conflict. nigeria In their thorough and comprehensive coverage of Nigeria, Toyin Falola and Ann Genova provide a chronology, an introductory essay, a bibliography, and more than 500 cross-referenced dictionary entries on notable people, places, events, and cultural practices, with an emphasis on Nigeria’s post-1990 developments. Many of the dictio- nary’s entries highlight Nigeria’s relationship to its West African neigh- bors and its membership in international organizations, such as the AU, OPEC, and the UN. Toyin Falola is the Francis Higginbotham Nalle Professor of History at the University of Texas at Austin. He is the author of numerous works on Nigeria, including the award-winning memoir A Mouth Sweeter than Salt. NIGERIA Ann Genova is a Ph.D. candidate at the University of Texas at Austin. She is an editor and contributor to several works on Nigeria’s history and culture. For orders and information please contact the publisher SCARECROW PRESS, INC. A wholly owned subsidiary of TOYIN FALOLA The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. 4501 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 200 ANN GENOVA Lanham, Maryland 20706 1-800-462-6420 • fax 717-794-3803 www.scarecrowpress.com HISTORICAL DICTIONARIES OF AFRICA Edited by Jon Woronoff 1. Cameroon, by Victor T. Le Vine and Roger P. Nye. 1974. Out of print. See No. 48. 2. The Congo, 2nd ed., by Virginia Thompson and Richard Adloff. 1984. Out of print. See No. 69. 3. Swaziland, by John J. Grotpeter. 1975. 4. The Gambia, 2nd ed., by Harry A. Gailey. 1987. Out of print. See No. 79. 5. Botswana, by Richard P. Stevens. 1975. Out of print. See No. 70. 6. Somalia, by Margaret F. Castagno. 1975. Out of print. See No. 87. 7. Benin (Dahomey), 2nd ed., by Samuel Decalo. 1987. Out of print. See No. 61. 8. Burundi, by Warren Weinstein. 1976. Out of print. See No. 73. 9. Togo, 3rd ed., by Samuel Decalo. 1996. 10. Lesotho, by Gordon Haliburton. 1977. Out of print. See No. 90. 11. Mali, 3rd ed., by Pascal James Imperato. 1996. Out of print. See No. 107. 12. Sierra Leone, by Cyril Patrick Foray. 1977. 13. Chad, 3rd ed., by Samuel Decalo. 1997. 14. Upper Volta, by Daniel Miles McFarland. 1978. 15. Tanzania, by Laura S. Kurtz. 1978. 16. Guinea, 3rd ed., by Thomas O’Toole with Ibrahima Bah-Lalya. 1995. Out of print. See No. 94. 17. Sudan, by John Voll. 1978. Out of print. See No. 53. 18. Rhodesia/Zimbabwe, by R. Kent Rasmussen. 1979. Out of print. See No. 46. 19. Zambia, 2nd ed., by John J. Grotpeter, Brian V. Siegel, and James R. Pletcher. 1998. Out of print. See No. 106. 20. Niger, 3rd ed., by Samuel Decalo. 1997. 21. Equatorial Guinea, 3rd ed., by Max Liniger-Goumaz. 2000. 22. Guinea-Bissau, 3rd ed., by Richard Lobban and Peter Mendy. 1997. 23. Senegal, by Lucie G. Colvin. 1981. Out of print. See No. 65. 24. Morocco, by William Spencer. 1980. Out of print. See No. 71. 25. Malawi, by Cynthia A. Crosby. 1980. Out of print. See No. 84. 26. Angola, by Phyllis Martin. 1980. Out of print. See No. 92. 27. The Central African Republic, by Pierre Kalck. 1980. Out of print. See No. 51. 28. Algeria, by Alf Andrew Heggoy. 1981. Out of print. See No. 66. 29. Kenya, by Bethwell A. Ogot. 1981. Out of print. See No. 77. 30. Gabon, by David E. Gardinier. 1981. Out of print. See No. 58. 31. Mauritania, by Alfred G. Gerteiny. 1981. Out of print. See No. 68. 32. Ethiopia, by Chris Prouty and Eugene Rosenfeld. 1981. Out of print. See No. 91. 33. Libya, 3rd ed., by Ronald Bruce St John. 1998. Out of print. See No. 100. 34. Mauritius, by Lindsay Riviere. 1982. Out of print. See No. 49. 35. Western Sahara, by Tony Hodges. 1982. Out of print. See No. 55. 36. Egypt, by Joan Wucher King. 1984. Out of print. See No. 89. 37. South Africa, by Christopher Saunders. 1983. Out of print. See No. 78. 38. Liberia, by D. Elwood Dunn and Svend E. Holsoe. 1985. Out of print. See No. 83. 39. Ghana, by Daniel Miles McFarland. 1985. Out of print. See No. 63. 40. Nigeria, 2nd ed., by Anthony Oyewole and John Lucas. 2000. Out of print. See No. 111. 41. Côte d’Ivoire (The Ivory Coast), 2nd ed., by Robert J. Mundt. 1995. 42. Cape Verde, 2nd ed., by Richard Lobban and Marilyn Halter. 1988. Out of print. See No. 62. 43. Zaire, by F. Scott Bobb. 1988. Out of print. See No. 76. 44. Botswana, 2nd ed., by Fred Morton, Andrew Murray, and Jeff Ramsay. 1989. Out of print. See No. 70. 45. Tunisia, 2nd ed., by Kenneth J. Perkins. 1997. 46. Zimbabwe, 2nd ed., by Steven C. Rubert and R. Kent Rasmussen. 1990. Out of print. See No. 86. 47. Mozambique, by Mario Azevedo. 1991. Out of print. See No. 88. 48. Cameroon, 2nd ed., by Mark W. DeLancey and H. Mbella Mokeba. 1990. 49. Mauritius, 2nd ed., by Sydney Selvon. 1991. 50. Madagascar, by Maureen Covell. 1995. Out of print. See No. 98. 51. The Central African Republic, 2nd ed., by Pierre Kalck, translated by Thomas O’Toole. 1992. Out of print. See No. 93. 52. Angola, 2nd ed., by Susan H. Broadhead. 1992. Out of print. See No. 92. 53. Sudan, 2nd ed., by Carolyn Fluehr-Lobban, Richard A. Lobban Jr., and John Obert Voll. 1992. Out of print. See No. 85. 54. Malawi, 2nd ed., by Cynthia A. Crosby. 1993. Out of print. See No. 84. 55. Western Sahara, 2nd ed., by Anthony Pazzanita and Tony Hodges. 1994. Out of print. See No. 96. 56. Ethiopia and Eritrea, 2nd ed., by Chris Prouty and Eugene Rosenfeld. 1994. Out of print. See No. 91. 57. Namibia, by John J. Grotpeter. 1994. 58. Gabon, 2nd ed., by David E. Gardinier. 1994. Out of print. See No. 101. 59. Comoro Islands, by Martin Ottenheimer and Harriet Ottenheimer. 1994. 60. Rwanda, by Learthen Dorsey. 1994. Out of print. See No. 105. 61. Benin, 3rd ed., by Samuel Decalo. 1995. 62. Republic of Cape Verde, 3rd ed., by Richard Lobban and Marlene Lopes. 1995. Out of print. See No. 104. 63. Ghana, 2nd ed., by David Owusu-Ansah and Daniel Miles McFarland. 1995. Out of print. See No. 97. 64. Uganda, by M. Louise Pirouet. 1995. 65. Senegal, 2nd ed., by Andrew F. Clark and Lucie Colvin Phillips. 1994. 66. Algeria, 2nd ed., by Phillip Chiviges Naylor and Alf Andrew Heggoy. 1994. Out of print. See No. 102. 67. Egypt, 2nd ed., by Arthur Goldschmidt Jr. 1994. Out of print. See No. 89. 68. Mauritania, 2nd ed., by Anthony G. Pazzanita. 1996. Out of print. See No. 110. 69. Congo, 3rd ed., by Samuel Decalo, Virginia Thompson, and Richard Ad- loff. 1996. 70. Botswana, 3rd ed., by Jeff Ramsay, Barry Morton, and Fred Morton. 1996. Out of print. See No. 108. 71. Morocco, by Thomas K. Park. 1996. Out of print. See No. 95. 72. Tanzania, 2nd ed., by Thomas P. Ofcansky and Rodger Yeager. 1997. 73. Burundi, 2nd ed., by Ellen K. Eggers. 1997. Out of print. See No. 103. 74. Burkina Faso, 2nd ed., by Daniel Miles McFarland and Lawrence Rupley. 1998. 75. Eritrea, by Tom Killion. 1998. 76. Democratic Republic of the Congo (Zaire), by F. Scott Bobb. 1999. (Re- vised edition of Historical Dictionary of Zaire, No. 43) 77. Kenya, 2nd ed., by Robert M. Maxon and Thomas P. Ofcansky. 2000. 78. South Africa, 2nd ed., by Christopher Saunders and Nicholas Southey. 2000. 79. The Gambia, 3rd ed., by Arnold Hughes and Harry A. Gailey. 2000. 80. Swaziland, 2nd ed., by Alan R. Booth. 2000. 81. Republic of Cameroon, 3rd ed., by Mark W. DeLancey and Mark Dike DeLancey. 2000. 82. Djibouti, by Daoud A. Alwan and Yohanis Mibrathu. 2000. 83. Liberia, 2nd ed., by D. Elwood Dunn, Amos J. Beyan, and Carl Patrick Burrowes. 2001. 84. Malawi, 3rd ed., by Owen J. Kalinga and Cynthia A. Crosby. 2001. 85. Sudan, 3rd ed., by Richard A. Lobban Jr., Robert S. Kramer, and Carolyn Fluehr-Lobban. 2002. 86. Zimbabwe, 3rd ed., by Steven C. Rubert and R. Kent Rasmussen. 2001. 87. Somalia, 2nd ed., by Mohamed Haji Mukhtar. 2002. 88. Mozambique, 2nd ed., by Mario Azevedo, Emmanuel Nnadozie, and Tomé Mbuia João. 2003. 89. Egypt, 3rd ed., by Arthur Goldschmidt Jr. and Robert Johnston. 2003. 90. Lesotho, by Scott Rosenberg, Richard Weisfelder, and Michelle Frisbie- Fulton. 2004. 91. Ethiopia, New Edition, by David H. Shinn and Thomas P. Ofcansky. 2004. 92. Angola, New Edition, by W. Martin James. 2004. 93. Central African Republic, 3rd ed., by Pierre Kalck, translated by Xavier- Samuel Kalck. 2005. 94. Guinea, 4th ed., by Thomas O’Toole with Janice E. Baker. 2005. 95. Morocco, 2nd ed., by Thomas K. Park and Aomar Boum. 2006. 96. Western Sahara, 3rd ed., by Anthony G. Pazzanita. 2005. 97. Ghana, 3rd ed., by David Owusu-Ansah. 2005. 98. Madagascar, 2nd ed., by Philip M. Allen and Maureen Covell. 2005. 99. Sierra Leone, New Edition, by C. Magbaily Fyle. 2005. 100. Libya, 4th ed., by Ronald Bruce St John, 2006.
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