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DELTA CHAPTER BYLAWS PREAMBLE We, the members of Iota Upsilon, so as to better an environment for academic and social prosperity, promote fraternal affinity, bring light where there is darkness, attest universal collegiate cooperation, institute an internal infrastructure, endow a body of necessary rules and regulations, and secure the innate rights of members current and future, do establish these bylaws for the Iota Upsilon Chapter of Delta Tau Delta International Fraternity at Grand Valley State University. ARTICLE : PURPOSE Grand Valley State University Delta Tau Delta Iota Upsilon, is dedicated to the pursuit of knowledge, excellence, community service and brotherhood by upholding our traditions of truth, courage, faith and power to create endless opportunities. ARTICLE II: AUTHORITY Section 1: Governing Authority. All applicable federal, state, and local laws, provisions of the Constitution and Fraternity Bylaws of Delta Tau Delta Fraternity, and all provisions governing fraternities at Grand Valley State University (GVSU) as set forth by the administrations of said institutions form a part of these Bylaws and are not herein repeated. Section 2: Conflict of Authorities. If these bylaws are found in any way to be in conflict with the Constitution and Bylaws of Delta Tau Delta Fraternity or the regulations governing fraternities at GVSU, the article or section of these bylaws, which is held to be in conflict, shall be void. ARTICLE III: READING OF BYLAWS Section 1: New Members. The bylaws will be read to all newly initiated members within two weeks of initiation into the Fraternity. Section 2: Existing Members. The bylaws shall be read by the Sergeant- at-Arms to the Chapter assembled at the second regular meeting of the Chapter following the opening of each fall semester. Section 3: Special Circumstances. At any time, the Sergeant-at-Arms may choose to recite any articles contained within the bylaws that pertain to a current issue or challenge that affects the state of the Chapter.

1 ARTICLE IV: MEMBERSHIP Section 1: Membership Eligibility Standards. T hose wishing to become a new member of Iota Upsilon must be in compliance with the standards set by Grand Valley State University and the standards set forth by Iota Upsilon. 1. Grand Valley State University Requirements

a. Full time undergraduate student

b. Above a 2.5 GPA or pass Grade Check

2. Iota Upsilon Chapter Requirements

a. A full time student in good standing with Grand Valley State University b. A cumulative GPA of 2.6

c. 2/3 approval of Iota Upsilon

3. New Member Criteria

a. Academics: Coming from high school 3.0. (Honor Systems) If already in college campus average.

b. Finances: Be taken through a thorough finance talk about dues and other obligations involving money as a member of the fraternity.

c. Involvement: Join a committee.

d. Recruitment: Encourage new members to bring a friend to recruitment events.

e. Honorable Conduct: New members will be held to the same standards as active members and their actions shall align with our values

f. Anti-Discrimination: The membership of Delta Tau Delta shall consist of any interested student currently enrolled at GVSU. It is the policy of GVSU and Delta Tau Delta that no person on the basis of age, color, disability, familial status, height, marital status, national origin, political affiliation, race, religion, sex/gender, sexual orientation, veteran status, or weight shall be discriminated against.

Section 2: New Member Program Completion. In addition to the requirements set forth in the Constitution of Delta Tau Delta International Fraternity, in order to be eligible for initiation, the candidate must have satisfactorily completed the program established by the New Member Education Committee. The program will extend no longer than the 8 week limit prescribed by the International Fraternity. Section 3: Discontinuation of Pledgeship. At any Chapter meeting preceding the initiation, the Chapter may decide to vote on all new members. The voting will follow a slating process

and is 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. as follows: Each pledge will be brought up individually. If there is no discussion, he will be added to the consent agenda. If discussion exists for any new member, the Chapter will discuss whether to continue pledgeship for said candidate. After discussion, a vote will occur on whether or not to move the new member to the consent agenda. A three-fourths vote of approval from the Chapter is required to be moved to the consent agenda in order to continue pledgeship. If the new member does not receive 3/4 approval, he will discontinue the membership process immediately. 2 7. Any new member receiving under 2/3 approval will not be given the opportunity to appeal. 8. Any new member whose pledgeship is discontinued will be given the opportunity to return any subsequent semester and rejoin the candidacy process pursuant to ARTICLE IV Section 1.

Section 4: Voting on New Member Initiation. New members will be voted on at the last meeting before their initiation. Approval for Initiation requires a three-fourths (3/4) approval vote at any chapter meeting with quorum. Section 5: Length of Membership. Members duly initiated or affiliated in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution and Bylaws of Delta Tau Delta International Fraternity shall be considered active members of the Iota Upsilon Chapter, so long as they are full-time students of Grand Valley State University and uphold the regulations set forth in these bylaws. Section 6: Membership Status. 1. A member shall be active, senior, or suspended due to study abroad, internship out of the Allendale or Grand Rapids area, or in active military service only.

2. A member who is not a dues-paying member shall be voted on for suspension per the Constitution and Bylaws of the Delta Tau Delta International Fraternity.

3. A member who is suspended, expelled, or withdrawn per the Constitution and Bylaws of the Delta Tau Delta International Fraternity, is subject to ARTICLE of the Constitution and Bylaws of Delta Tau Delta Fraternity.

Section 7: Voting Privileges. 1. All active members of Iota Upsilon shall be afforded one vote per motion brought before the Chapter.

2. The voting authority of the active members shall be retroactive.

3. No officer or member may withhold a present member's ability to vote.

4. The presiding Chairman may decide the method of voting for each motion provided that a specific motion is not requested from the floor.

5. Members have the right to vote for, against, or abstain from a vote.

a. Abstentions will be removed from the vote count. For example, if all members abstain except one, the motion would pass or fail based on a 1-0 vote.

b. If a member does not vote on a motion, they are counted as an abstention.

Section 8: Alumni Classification. Initiated members who have graduated in good standing from Grand Valley State University shall be considered alumni members of Iota Upsilon. Section 9: Alumni Privileges. Alumni of Iota Upsilon shall have all rights and privileges of membership, except those of voting during active chapter meetings and holding elected offices in the active chapter. Section 10: Non-Discrimination Policy. Iota Upsilon shall not hold race, religion, creed, or sexual preference as criteria for membership. Section 11: Sub Organization Policy. Members of Iota Upsilon are expected to treat women in a manner becoming of a gentleman and becoming of a member of Delta Tau Delta.

3 Section 12: Treatment Regarding Women. No member of Iota Upsilon shall appoint any woman as their “little sister.” ARTICLE V: OBLIGATIONS FOR MEMBERS Section 1: Academic Obligations. 1. All members of the Iota Upsilon chapter of Delta Tau Delta at GVSU shall be required to maintain a cumulative GPA of 2.6.

2. At the first semester of an active member falling below the required 2.6 cumulative GPA the following will take effect.

a. The member at hand must meet with the Director of Academic Affairs to discuss academic improvement three times within the following semester: Once at the beginning, once before midterms, and once before finals.

b. The number of study hours required of the member will increase to 10 per week. c. The member must submit a midterm grade report to the DAA for each class in which he is enrolled.

d. The member at hand will be placed on academic probation.

3. Academic probation:

a. Any active member placed on academic probation will be banned from all social events hosted by and associated with the chapter. This includes but is not limited to: Socials, formals and semi- formals, official fraternity parties, official brotherhood events, and activities during homecoming and Greek Week.

b. Members on academic probation shall still be required to carry out all obligatory duties as members of Delta Tau Delta including: Attendance of weekly chapter meetings (as well as any meeting associated with their position, if applicable), submission of weekly reports (if applicable), and community service hours.

c. Should a member under academic probation violate the terms set forth by the bylaws, they will immediately be sent to honor board with a recommendation for suspension from the chapter.

d. Members that submit a midterm grade report of a 2.6 GPA or higher for the current semester can meet with the DAA to appeal their academic probation. Petitions to waive Academic Probation are up to the Director of Academic Affairs.

e. At the second semester of an active member falling below the required 2.6 cumulative GPA, the member will remain on academic probation.

f. At the third consecutive semester of falling below the required 2.6 cumulative GPA the member at hand will be sent to honor board with a referral from the DAA to have the member suspended.

4 4. Suspension of a member will be enforced after three (3) consecutive semesters of falling below the 2.6 cumulative requirement if recommended by the Honor Board Chairman.

a. Members will remain suspended until their cumulative GPA is a 2.6 or higher.

b. Petitions to waive suspension are up to the Director of Academic Affairs and Honor Board Chairman.

5. Should a member fail to record their weekly study hours they will receive a strike against them. a. Upon receiving a strike, the member will be notified immediately by the DAA

b. When a member receives two strikes they shall receive a five dollar fine from the DAA.

c. When a member receives three strikes they shall receive a ten dollar fine from the DAA in addition to academic probation for two weeks.

d. When a member receives four strikes they will be put on academic probation for the remainder of the semester.

e. Hours will be assigned according to cumulative GPA: 2.60 - 2.89 = 6 hours/week 2.90 - 3.09 = 4 hours/week 3.10 - 3.49 = 2 hours/week 3.5 or higher = 0 hours/week

New Members = 3 hours/week hours logged outside official proctored study sessions will be counted 2. Study according to the DAA’s discretion to accommodate brothers’ needs. 3. Proctor Loyalty Policy: Every proctor found of forging hours will result in a week of academic probation for all those involved. The proctor will be removed from the proctoring program. Section 2: Executive Board Academic Obligations. 1. All members of the executive board of the Iota Upsilon chapter of Delta Tau Delta at GVSU shall be required to maintain a cumulative GPA of 2.8.

2. No active member of the chapter shall be eligible to run for executive board if he does not meet the cumulative grade requirement set forth by the fraternity.

3. Current E-board members who fall below the 2.8 requirement shall be referred to honor board if it is determined they have had adequate time to obtain a cumulative 2.8 GPA, where it will be decided whether they shall retain their position.

Section 3: Administrative Board Academic Obligations. Members of the Administrative Board of the Iota Upsilon chapter of Delta Tau Delta at GVSU shall be required to maintain a cumulative GPA of 2.6. Section 4: Financial Obligations. 1. The Finance Committee will set the amount of local dues according to the budget for each term and will also set up payment plans for members who need them.

5 2. Dues will be collected in the following manner:

a. Invoices will be sent out on the first of each month. b. The invoiced amount is due on the tenth of each month.

c. If a balance remains after the tenth, a ten percent late fee will be assessed.

d. If a balance remains after the fifteenth, the member will be suspended.

e. If the balance has not been paid by the thirtieth, the member will be expelled.

3. All members are required to pay their balance in full and on time according to the above terms.

4. Members may appeal to the Finance Committee if they have an extenuating circumstance that results in their failure to be able to pay.

5. Reimbursement for expenses paid out of pocket on behalf of the Chapter, can be reimbursed if the purchaser submits a Reimbursement From to the treasurer or the Finance Committee within one week of the purchase with a receipt of payment. After one week, no refund will be given.

Section 5: Service Obligations. 1. New Members must obtain fifteen (15) hours of community service while attending at least three (3) different events. 2. Existing Members must obtain fifteen (15) hours of community services while attending at least three (3) different and separate events.

3. Hours accumulated during summer, winter, spring, and holiday breaks or any time while GVSU is not in-session can count toward the fall or winter academic semesters.

4. Each member will be designated by the Sergeant at Arms to clean after official fraternity events. At least three (3) members will be designated per event and selections will be based on the attendance of the event. Each member attending an event must give at least twelve (12) hour notice to Sergeant at Arms. Each member will have twelve (12) hours before the event to dispute cleaning up.

Section 6: Recruitment. To ensure the of growth of Iota Upsilon, all members should follow the guidelines set forth by the Director of Recruitment. Section 7: Chapter Attendance. 1. The Secretary must have 24 hours notice of an absence before a mandatory meeting or event.

a. Mandatory events include: Initiation, Rite of Iris, Big-little.

b. Fines for missing these events include:

Initiation - $75

Rite of Iris and Big-Little - $25

2. Chapter meetings must be attended for the entire meeting. 3. Absences for the following reasons will be deemed excusable.

a. Death of a family member

b. Illness to self or a personal family member.

4. For all other excuses and any other extenuating circumstances, the Secretary will use his discretion to determine if the absence is excusable or not.

5. Members may leave or be excused from Chapter meeting early if they have given the Secretary reasonable notice and have permission of the Chair. The Secretary will use his discretion to determine if the notice is sufficient and the reason is excusable.

6. Tardiness will not be tolerated at Chapter meetings. Tardiness is defined as walking into Chapter after the session has been called to order.

6 7. Members may arrive late to a Chapter meeting if they have given the Secretary reasonable notice. The Secretary will use his discretion to determine if the notice is sufficient and the reason is excusable.

8. Failure to comply with the above policies will result in a member receiving the following consequences: a. First offense: Warning

b. Second offense: $5 fine

c. Third offense: $10 fine and Summons to Honor Board

Section 8: Illegal Drug & Alcohol Policy. 1. The use or possession of any unlawful drug in any form at any Delta Tau Delta function will be grounds for an immediate motion of expulsion from the Chapter, as this is a Level 3 violation of the Member Responsibility Guidelines (MRGs). Consistent with state and Federal law, the minimum legal drinking age on or off the GVSU campus is 21. Possession, consumption, or distribution of alcohol by any person who is under the age of 21 is prohibited as dictated by the State of Michigan, and, we the Iota Upsilon Chapter of Delta Tau Delta, adhere to the regulations regarding alcohol as outlined in the Member Responsibilities Guidelines of Delta Tau Delta International Fraternity. Any event sponsored by an individual student, group of students or recognized student organization (on or off campus) where alcohol is present must be a CLOSED Event. A closed event is defined as one in which all of the following are present:

a. A Social Event Registration form is submitted to the Office of Greek Life at least 48 hours before the event. b. The event is BYOB or catered by a licensed third party vendor with distribution to individuals of legal age being monitored by the third party vendor.

c. A copy of the guest list is maintained at the door during the entire event and guests are signed in upon their arrival.

d. The signed guest list must be submitted to the Dean’s Office no later than one business day following the event.

e. At no time may the number of persons at the event exceed the capacity limit established by the fire code for that building or area

2. The following actions are violations of the Iota Upsilon Alcohol Policy:

a. Underage possession or consumption of alcoholic beverages

b. Public intoxication: Members age 21 years or older may consume alcohol but may not be found publicly intoxicated. Public intoxication is the appearance of being inebriated on campus, at a fraternity activity, or anywhere outside the accused member's domicile.

c. Drunk Driving: Driving or operating a motor vehicle or other mode of transportation while under the influence of alcohol or other substance

7 d. Distribution or sale of alcohol

e. Possession of a common source container

f. Excessive and/or rapid consumption of alcohol

3. Alcohol Abuse: Any action that endangers any person while/after consuming alcohol. Alcohol abuse will result in a referral to Honor Board. Sanctions for members found guilty are progressive by three degrees. a. Required ACES/AA meetings, Substance abuse counseling, and/or completing the

b. Suspension

c. Expulsion

Section 9: Hazing Policy. The GVSU Chapter of Delta Tau Delta,shall not tolerate any hazing activities as stated in the Member Responsibilities Guide (MRG) of Delta Tau Delta International Fraternity. As stated in the MRG, hazing is defined as “any action taken or situation created intentionally, whether on or off Fraternity premises, to produce mental or physical discomfort, embarrassment, harassment or ridicule.” Section 10: Social Media Policy 1. This policy governs the publication of and commentary on social media by members of the Iota Upsilon Chapter. For the purposes of this policy, social media means any facility for online publication and commentary, including without limitation blogs, wiki's, and social networking sites such as Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Flickr, and YouTube. This policy is in addition to and complements any existing or future policies regarding the use of technology, computers, e-mail and the Internet.

2. Delt members are free to publish or comment via social media in accordance with this policy. Delt’s are subject to this policy to the extent they identify or represent themselves as a member of Delta Tau Delta (other than as an incidental mention of topics unrelated to Delt).

3. Publication and commentary on social media carries similar obligations to any other kind of publication or commentary.

4. All uses of social media must follow the same ethical standards that Delts must otherwise follow.

Section 11: Big Brother Program. The Delta Tau Delta Big Brother Manual shall serve as the reference guide, and authoritative document regarding all Procedures, Behavioral Conduct, and Expectations of our Fraternity's big brother little brother program here at GVSU. Section 12: Self Termination of Obligations. Any member of the fraternity who decides to leave the brotherhood on their own accord, whether by, purposeful or unintentional desertion of his brothers or by conspicuously renouncing his membership at anytime in public, to the chapter, to its members, or to a third party, via self- representation, telecommunication, agent, or other means is of that moment considered suspended of membership and should act, and be treated by his peers, in accordance of a suspended brother as is outlined in the international bylaws.

DTAA course with a passing grade.

8 ARTICLE VI: LEADERSHIP ROLES Section 1: Chapter Officers. 1. Executive Officers: The executive officers of Iota Upsilon shall be the President, Vice President, Treasurer, Secretary, Director of Recruitment, Director of Academic Affairs, Sergeant at Arms, Director of Risk Management, Guide, and the New Member Educator.

2. Administrative Officers: The administrative officers of Iota Upsilon shall be the Brotherhood chairman, Philanthropy chairman, Public Relations chairman, Social chairman, the Semi-Formal/Formal chairman, the Community Service chairman, and the ROAD chairman.

Section 2: Terms of Office. 1. All office terms will last for one (1) year. Voting will be held in Fall semester, at the first meeting after November 1st, allowing the incumbent of any position ample time to prepare the newly elected officer who will take office at the beginning of the next semester. 2. If a new Treasurer is elected, he may take office at the same time as the other officers so long as he has been properly trained and able to perform the duties by that time. Otherwise he shall assume office on February 1st, as suggested by the Constitution of Delta Tau Delta International Fraternity.

Section 3: Powers and Duties of the Chapter Officers. 1. Powers and Duties of the President

a. The President shall preside as chairman at all Executive Committee meetings; shall preside as chairman at all general body meetings; shall serve as an ex-officio member for all committees, both standing and ad-hoc, except for the Finance Committee, which constitutes a voting responsibility; shall be responsible for the execution of these bylaws and for their adherence thereof; shall serve as the primary contact and liaison to the Alumni Advisor; shall have the power to make any Fraternity event mandatory with three days of notice; and shall represent the Chapter at all Divisional, Regional, and National conferences.

b. The President can appoint one or two brothers as designated IFC Delegates. IFC Delegates shall attend all regular and special IFC meetings. He or they shall take precarious notes and report all important news to the President and if necessary to the Chapter as a whole.

2. Powers and Duties of the Vice President The Vice President shall preside as chairman at all Administrative Committee meetings; shall assume the duties of the President in his absence; and shall have veto over any standing and ad-hoc committee’s action plan. He shall be a member of the Finance Committee, work as the liaison between the Administrative Committee and the Executive Committee. He shall appoint all members of the

9 Administrative committee, with the exception of the Assistant Treasurer who shall be appointed by the Treasurer. 3. Powers and Duties of the Treasurer The Treasurer shall preside as chairman at all Finance Committee meetings; shall assume responsibility for all financial and operational transactions that require monetary subvention; and shall serve as the second delegate to the President at all Divisional, Regional, and National conferences. No financial dealings, of even the smallest sort, may be pursued without the direct consent of the Treasurer. Each year the treasurer shall make an annual budget and make it available to the Chapter at large. The Treasurer shall be allowed to appoint an Assistant Treasurer.

4. Powers and Duties of the Recording Secretary The Secretary shall act as an intermediary between the Chapter and the National Fraternity and submit all Rainbow reports, which must be approved by the President before submission; shall contact alumni, prospective members, the University Administration, and the National Fraternity upon request of the President or Vice President. The Secretary shall serve as the historian of the Chapter by maintaining an accurate and unbiased account, comprised of roll and minutes, of all general body meetings, Executive Committee meetings, and Administrative Committee meetings; and shall be responsible for the timely maintenance of electronic distribution lists within the Chapter.

5. Powers and Duties of the Assistant Treasurer The Assistant Treasurer shall act as assistant chairman of the Finance Committee; shall serve as secretary of the Finance Committee by keeping accurate minutes of all Finance Committee meetings; and shall assume the position of assistant to the Treasurer on all Chapter financial transactions. He shall be appointed by the Treasurer.

6. Powers and Duties of the Sergeant-at-Arms The Sergeant-at-Arms shall preside as chairman of the Rules Committee and shall serve as Honor Board chairman, the parliamentarian of general body meetings; shall uphold the Constitution and Bylaws of Delta Tau Delta International Fraternity, and these bylaws; and shall attend all visitors during general body meetings. During general body meeting, it is the duty of the Sergeant-at-Arms to guard the door, and allow entrance or exit to any permitted persons, unless ordered otherwise by the presiding officer.

7. Powers and Duties of the Guide. The Guide shall preside as chairman at all Ritual Committee meetings; shall imply continuous presence or agency in secrets and mysteries of the Fraternity and the Ritual; and shall institute and continue a Ritual education program.

10 8. Powers and Duties of the Director of Academic Affairs The Director of Academic Affairs shall preside as chairman at all Academic Committee Meetings; shall be responsible for receiving the grade reports of the Chapter and of each member and new member; and shall be responsible for enforcing academic achievement and standards.

9. Powers and Duties of the Director of Risk Management The Director of Risk Management shall read the MRG of Delta Tau Delta International Fraternity annually at the first general body meeting of the year and again during the first new member class meeting at the beginning of each new member session. He has it in his power to identify risks posed to the Chapter and do whatever is in his power to eliminate those risks.

10. Powers and Duties of the Recruitment Chair Shall preside as chairman of all recruitment committee meetings, shall oversee recruitment process; develop and implement membership recruitment plan; Organize a chapter recruitment workshop; Lead the chapter on all recruitment activities; and serve as chairman of all meetings regarding membership selection.

11. Powers and Duties of New Member Educator The new member educator shall provide as chairmen at all new member education meetings; shall develop and implement the new member education curriculum; Introduce new member to their new mission as Delts; Educate new members on the History, Customs, and Mission & Values; And provide an atmosphere that encourages academic excellence; And serve as a role model and mentor for new members.

12. Powers and Duties of the Public Relations Chair The Public Relations Chair shall be charged with maintaining a positive image and relationship between the Chapter and all other outside parties. He shall maintain all fraternity websites, phone lines, and telegrams and all devices of Fraternity communication.

13. Powers and Duties of the Corresponding Secretary

a. The corresponding secretary shall conduct all correspondence of his chapter, and, in case of expulsion or dismissal of a member, he shall immediately notify the Central Office. He shall preserve the files of his correspondence.

b. It may be possible that at times, when there is need for only one secretary, the Recording Secretary may inherit all titles, powers and duties of the Corresponding Secretary.

14. Powers and Duties of the Brotherhood Chairmen The Brotherhood Chair shall be charged with the planning and execution of periodic brotherhood events within the chapter. These events should promote friendship, brotherhood, and trust between the chapter members.

11 15. Powers and Duties of the Social Chairmen The Social Chairmen shall be charged with the planning and execution of periodic social events between the chapter and other student organizations. These events should promote friendship and trust between the parties. 16. Powers and Duties of the Philanthropy Chairman The Philanthropy Chairman shall be charged with the planning and execution of periodic philanthropic events between the chapter and other organizations. These events should be philanthropic in nature, and the number of hours spent by chapter members during the event(s) cannot count towards earning the minimum number of community service hours.

17. Powers and Duties of the Member Educator The Member Educator, also known as The Road Chairman, shall be charged with the planning and execution of periodic events that will stimulate professional and personal growth within and between the members of the Chapter.

18. Powers and Duties of the Community Service Chair The Community Service Chair shall sit on the Administrative Committee and plan and execute events that engage the Chapter and its members in Community Service activities. All Community Service events must be such a way that they promote a positive interaction between the Chapter and the surrounding community, and that the hours spent participating in the events are eligible to count towards the required number of community service hours per semester.

Section 4: Election Procedure 1. Nominations for Chapter officers shall occur at the convenient general body meeting one week prior to the scheduled election. The order in which the positions are elected should follow the order: President, Vice President, Treasurer, Secretary, Sergeant at Arms, Guide, Director of Risk Management, Recruitment Chairman, and New Member Educator. Nomination should be taken in this order. Members are still eligible to run who are nominated from the floor the day of the election and should receive no disadvantage in their candidacy.

2. Once a member is nominated for a position, he need not be nominated again for any lower position. If he fails to win his initial election, or decides prior to the election, he may drop down and run for any other positions.

3. Candidates for chapter offices shall have the opportunity to present their candidacy to the general body at the general body meeting of the election in the form of speeches that do not exceed five minutes, or seven minutes for candidates for President, Vice President, and Treasurer, with time kept by the secretary or his designee.

4. Voting for all chapter officers shall be by secret ballot and counted by the currently serving President, Vice President, and Secretary. If any of these officers are a candidate,

12 they may not count the ballots in their own election and any other Executive Committee member may take their place. 5. The candidates up for vote shall not be present for the voting process.

6. The names of all candidates for an office shall be displayed to the general body at the time of voting for that office. Members shall vote by writing down the name of the candidate of their choice on a blank ballot.

7. If no candidate for an office received a majority of the votes after counting, the general body shall vote again with the candidates who received the two largest amounts of votes continuing on to a run off.

8. A candidate will become the officer-elect for his office when he receives majority approval from the general body.

9. In the event of a tie, there shall be another round of voting allowed to the chapter. If the tie remains after a second vote it becomes the duty of the currently serving President to break the tie. If the currently serving President is a candidate in the specific election, the duty falls to the Vice President. If both are candidates, the duty falls to the Treasurer. If all three are, the duty falls to the Secretary.

Section 5: Impeachment and Removal of Chapter Officers 1. Any member that believes that a chapter officer is guilty of inadmissible conduct may file a complaint with the Honor Board. If the Honor Board finds the complaint to be substantial, the complaint will be forwarded to the President for referral. 2. If the office of the President is the chapter office in question in the complaint, then it is the responsibility of the Vice President to complete the necessary review of the complaint and determine whether it is necessary to refer the complaint to the Honor Board, as well as to follow through with this impeachment procedure in place of the President. If it is the Honor Board Chairman who the complaint is filed against then the President may designate another Honor Board member to handle the case.

3. Upon referral by the President, the Honor Board may conduct preliminary fact- finding measures before the case is taken to an Honor Board hearing. The Chairman of the Honor Board may also refer the complaint to other University or Fraternity officers were deemed appropriate or necessary.

4. The Honor Board shall convene within five days of the filing of a complaint, unless otherwise allowed by the President, in order to hear the relevant complaints within the jurisdiction of the Honor Board. The Honor Board shall then decide if there is reasonable cause to believe that the chapter officer is guilty of inadmissible conduct. In light of evidence uncovered by the investigation, the Honor Board may only handle charges of the original complaint, add additional respondents, or dismiss the charges as unfounded.

5. After the Honor Board decides to either dismiss the charges or conduct a hearing, all procedures of the Honor Board are to reflect those outlined in Article IX of these bylaws.

13 6. If it is the recommendation of the Honor Board that the chapter officer be relieved of his office, then the Honor Board may submit the findings of the hearing with the recommendation for removal to the chapter. If this course is taken, then the chapter officer is thus impeached.

7. If the Honor Board recommends for the removal of the chapter officer from office, then at the next convenient Chapter meeting the Honor Board Chairman shall bring the case to a vote before the chapter during the introduction of New Business. The Honor Board Chairman shall give an explanation of the case and the Honor Board's findings to the body of the meeting, and shall announce the Honor Board’s recommendation.

8. The chapter officer in question shall be allowed to speak on his own behalf and to have one other member speak on his behalf.

9. After the Honor Board Chairman, the chapter officer in question and at most one member speaking on behalf of the chapter officer speaks. The Chapter shall vote on whether the officer in question be allowed to retain his office. Get it done without dragging it out or beating dead horses.

10. A two-thirds vote of the general body is required for removal of the chapter officer. If the vote fails, the chapter officer retains his office.

11. Once a chapter officer is impeached and the final vote for removal fails, the chapter officer cannot be brought up for review on the same charges again. ARTICLE VII: CHAPTER EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

Section 1: Composition. The Executive Committee shall be composed of the President, Vice President, Treasurer, Recording Secretary, Corresponding Secretary, Guide, Director of Academic Affairs, Sergeant- at-Arms, Director of Risk Management, a Recruitment Chairman, New Member Educator, The Chapter Advisor or his designee shall be ex-officio members of the Executive Committee. Section 2: Quorum. Quorum shall be reached when five voting members are present, three of whom are the President, Vice President, and Treasurer, or when seven voting members are present, at least two of whom are the President, Vice President, or Treasurer. Section 3: Executive Chairman. The President shall be the chairman of the Executive Committee. Section 4: Purpose. It shall be the duty of the Executive Committee to act as counsel for the President and to assist him in planning, adopting and executing the policies of the Chapter, to serve as the long range planning committee for the Chapter, and to assist the President in creating the agenda for Chapter meetings. The Executive Committee shall determine, formulate, and establish policies by which the Chapter shall be guided in its relationships with sororities, other fraternities, and other organizations on the campus.

14 Section 5: Meetings. The Executive Committee shall hold weekly meetings throughout the year at a time and place designated by the chairman. The Secretary shall take roll and minutes. ARTICLE VIII: CHAPTER ADMINISTRATIVE COMMITTEE Section 1: Composition. The Administrative Committee shall be composed of the Vice President, Secretary, Assistant Treasurer, Brotherhood Chairman, Member Education Chairman, Philanthropy Chairman, Public Relations Chairman, Social Chairman, and any other standing committee chairmen. Other members of the Executive Committee, and the Alumni Advisor or his designee shall be ex-officio members of the Administrative Committee. Section 2: Chairman. The Vice President shall be chairman of the Administrative Committee. Section 3: Purpose. It shall be the duty of the Administrative Committee to execute the programs of the Chapter, and to serve as the legislative committee through which all committee business must pass before being brought to the general body. Section 4: Meetings. The Administrative Committee shall hold weekly meetings throughout the year at a time and place designated by the chairman, and prior to the regular meeting of the Chapter. The recording secretary shall take roll and minutes. Section 5: Presentation of Programs. All proposed programs and plans adopted by the Administrative Committee shall be submitted to the general body for final approval. ARTICLE IX: CHAPTER FINANCE COMMITTEE Section 1: Composition of the Finance Committee. As In accordance with the Constitution of Delta Tau Delta International Fraternity, the Treasurer, Assistant Treasurer, President, Vice President, and Alumni Advisor or his designee shall compose the Finance Committee. Section 2: Finance Committee Chairman and Secretary. The Treasurer shall serve as the chairman of the Finance Committee. The Assistant Treasurer shall serve as secretary of the Finance Committee. Section 3: Role of the Finance Committee. It shall be the duty of the Finance Committee to conduct a monthly audit of the records of the Treasurer of the Chapter, to establish the Chapter budget, to maintain fiscal continuity, to see that the bills and charges of the Chapter are paid promptly, to require that the Treasurer report the current financial position to the Chapter at regular intervals, to hold meetings at least twice per month, and to keep a record of its proceedings and make the records available in a timely fashion. Section 4: Powers and Duties. The Finance Committee shall have the power to authorize the collection, distribution, and expenditure of all Chapter funds, to make all necessary and proper adjustments of the budget, to require that all financial reports of the Chapter be kept current, to institute proceedings for suspension or expulsion against financially delinquent members, and to levy and collect special assessments to cover operating deficits, in accordance with the Bylaws

15 of Delta Tau Delta International Fraternity. The Finance Committee shall be the sole body with the authority to impose reasonable fines upon members for transgressions against these bylaws or for failure to comply with sanctions and directives imposed upon those members. Section 5: Dues and Fees. 1. Dues, fees, fines, and other charges shall be determined by the Finance Committee before the beginning of the fiscal year on July 1 and shall be payable in full or on a monthly basis during the academic year in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution and Bylaws of Delta Tau Delta International Fraternity. 2. Any Member that reaches an overdue balance of an excess of one hundred dollars or has an outstanding charge overdue over 60 days. a. Violation of either regulation will result in the member sent to honor board with referral for social probation. 3. Change Reimbursement/Chairman Expense Request regulations Any Chairman that requests reimbursement or funds will complete a detailed Expense Request form to be approved by the finance committee. Only upon approval of the request form will the funds be available for the requested expense or reimbursement granted to the chairman up to those amounts. ARTICLE X: CHAPTER HONOR BOARD Section 1: Composition. The Honor Board will consist of five (5) members, including the Chairman of the Honor Board. It is recommended that one member from the several classes shall each hold one chair. Section 2: Selection of Honor Board Members 1. Members may not be selected to the Honor Board until the academic semester after their initiation.

2. The Honor Board President shall choose who sits on the Honor Board. After his selections are made they can be forwarded to the chapter for general approval/ confirmation.

3. Voting members of the Executive Committee shall not be eligible to be selected to the Honor Board.

Section 3: Training of Honor Board Members. 1. Before any member of the Honor Board may participate in Honor Board hearings, he must complete training with the Honor Board Chairman.

2. For training, the members of the Honor Board will go through various case studies and discuss the threats presented. The members will then propose possible sanctions for the parties involved in the case.

16 Section 4: Meetings. The Chairman of the Honor Board, taking into consideration, as much as possible, the schedules of the members of the Honor Board and any parties involved in hearing, shall establish the time and place for the training, meetings, and hearings of the Honor Board. Section 5: Jurisdiction 1. The Honor Board shall handle all proposed hearings presented by a member or new member including, but not limited to: violations of GVSU’s policies, rules, and/or regulations; violations of Delta Tau Delta (national and chapter) policies, rules and/or regulations; and conflicts between brothers.

2. All proposed hearings shall be presented to the Honor Board Chairman. The Honor Board shall report any violation of city laws, state laws, or national laws brought before it to the appropriate higher authority.

Section 6: Definition of Inadmissible Conduct 1. If the actions, words or demeanor of a member of this Chapter are characterized as being unbecoming of a member of Delta Tau Delta International Fraternity based upon and in light of the Delta Tau Delta Fraternity's Mission and Values Statement, its Constitution and Bylaws, the MRG, the bylaws of the GVSU Chapter of Delta Tau Delta, GVSU standing rules and regulations, city laws, state laws, or national laws, then that member’s conduct shall be deemed inadmissible.

2. If the member in question is an officer, committee chairman, or committee member and that member’s actions, words, or demeanor are detrimental to the best interests of the office or committee, then the conduct of that member shall be deemed inadmissible to their position.

3. If the member in question has any assigned duties within the Chapter, then inappropriate conduct extends to that member’s failure to perform those duties in a satisfactory manner as deemed by the appropriate body tasked and empowered to assign those duties.

Section 7: Definition of Parties. The member or new member who has been accused of a violation of an issue shall be referred to as the “Accused” and the party who has presented the proposed hearing shall be referred to as the “Petitioner.” Section 8: Hearings 1. All hearings of the Honor Board shall be closed to all members except the Chapter Advisor, the Honor Board Chairman, members of the Honor Board, accused, petitioner, and any applicable witnesses. 2. The Chairman of the Honor Board shall determine the time and place of hearings and all concerned parties shall be given notice of such at least five days prior to the date of the hearing.

3. Quorum shall consist of a majority of the Honor Board.

4. An Honor Board member must excuse himself from a hearing if he is the accused or the petitioner in that hearing. If the Chairman of the Honor Board is the accused or the petitioner in a hearing, he shall excuse himself and shall be replaced by another member

17 of the Honor Board for that hearing alone. An Honor Board member and/or the Chairman of the Honor Board does not have to excuse himself from a hearing if he is to be a witness in that hearing, unless said member or chairman does not believe he can both perform his Honor Board duties and serve as an impartial witness. 5. The Honor Board Chairman may bring cases against any member on behalf of the Chapter as the "Chapter Prosecutor", thus allowing him to remain serving as a member of the Honor Board for the case. Section 9: Procedures for Hearings 1. The Chairman of the Honor Board shall read all complaints against the accused that were presented to him by the petitioner.

2. The petitioner shall have the opportunity to present his case first and shall have the right to make a final statement after questions have been asked by the Honor Board.

3. The accused shall have the opportunity to present his case second and shall have the right to make a final statement after questions have been asked by the Honor Board.

4. Both the petitioner and the accused shall have the right to present witnesses. The opposing party and all members of the Honor Board shall have the right to cross- examine witnesses. The Honor Board may call additional witnesses if necessary.

5. In the event where the petitioner, the accused, or a witness fails to appear at the time of the hearing, he may then be subject to a penalty determined by the Honor Board for contempt.

Section 10: Agenda for All Honor Board Hearing 1. Call to Order

2. Introduction by the Chairman

3. The petitioner states his case 4. The accused and then the Honor Board may question the petitioner

5. Witnesses for the petitioner make their statement

6. Cross-examination of the petitioner’s witnesses by the accused and the Honor Board

7. The accused states his case

8. The petitioner and the Honor Board may question the accused

9. Witnesses for the accused make their statement

10. Cross-examination of the accused's witnesses by the petitioner and the Honor Board

11. Witnesses for the Honor Board answer the questions of the Honor Board

12. The petitioner and the accused may cross-examine the Honor Board’s witnesses

13. Final statement by the Petitioner

14. Final statement by the Accused 15. Deliberation by the Honor Board in private

16. Announcement of the Honor Board’s decision

Section 11: Order at Hearings. The Chairman of the Honor Board bears the responsibility of controlling the proceedings. As such, the Chairman may intervene if he feels that the petitioner

18 or the accused is misusing their allotted time to present irrelevant information, make inflammatory statements, or use time exhaustive measures. Section 12: Deliberation of the Honor Board. The Honor Board shall not spend an unreasonable amount of time deliberating a decision. Barring extraordinary circumstances, the Honor Board will reach its decision the day of the proceedings. Section 13: Verdict of the Honor Board. The verdict for the accused shall be determined by a majority vote of the Honor Board, a quorum being present. Section 14: Voting of Honor Board Members. No voting member of the Honor Board present during voting procedures may abstain from casting a vote. If the accused in question holds a seat on the Honor Board, The Honor Board Chairman shall relinquish his vote, and a majority of the three remaining votes shall be sufficient for a verdict. Section 15: Resolution of a Tie Vote. The Chairman of the Honor Board shall cast the deciding vote in the event of a tie vote. Section 16: Public Announcement of Honor Board Decision. Honor Board decisions shall be announced during the next regular general body meeting by the Chairman of the Honor Board. Section 17: Sanctions. Sanctions imposed by the Honor Board may include by are not limited to: warning; recommendation of suspension; recommendation of expulsion from the Chapter, recommendation of removal of officer, committee chairman, committee member, or any other special position status; work discipline; and recommendation for professional counseling. ARTICLE XI: CHAPTER COMMITTEE Section 1: Standing Committees. The standing committees of the GVSU Crescent Chapter shall be Academic, Alumni Relations, Brotherhood, Community Service, Intramurals, Member Education, New Member Education, Philanthropy, Public Relations, Recruitment, Rules, and Social. Section 2: Committee Appointment and Terms. The Vice President shall appoint all Admin chairmen at the beginning of each academic year unless otherwise dictated by these bylaws. The Vice President shall have the power to remove any Admin committee chairman from their position with a majority vote from the Executive Committee. All Admin Chairmen may appoint or remove their own subcommittee members at will. Section 3: Presidential Powers 1. The President shall have the power to combine the duties and composition of two committees into one until the next appointment period if the duties of the committees are similar and one of the committees is lacking in adequate membership.

2. The Vice President shall have the power to remove any Admin committee chairman from their position with a majority vote from the Executive Committee.

Section 4: Secretarial Responsibilities. All committees shall have one of their members be designated secretary who shall be present all meetings of that committee, shall keep thorough

19 minutes of the proceedings at those meetings, and shall make those minutes available in a timely fashion. Unless otherwise specified, the committee secretary shall be appointed by the committee chairman. If the designated secretary of that committee cannot attend a committee meeting then the committee chairman must appoint an interim secretary who shall handle the committee secretary’s duties for that meeting. Section 5: Powers of Committees. Any committee recognized by these bylaws or by the President shall have the power to secure the cooperation of any member or members of the Chapter by reasonable means, where a majority approval from the chapter is necessary to deem such means as reasonable. Section 6: Subordinate Titles. The duties of a committee may be so expansive that the committee chairman may delegate specific duties by assigning a title to a member of that committee, subject to the discretion of the President. The committee chairman may revoke any assigned titles within his committee. Section 7: Academic Committee 1. In accordance with the Constitution of Delta Tau Delta International Fraternity, the Director of Academic Affairs, New Member Educator, Director of Recruitment, a member at large, and the Alumni Advisor or his designee shall compose the Academic Committee.

2. The Director of Academic Affairs shall serve as the chairman of the Academic Committee. 3. It shall be the duty of the Academic Committee to produce and implement programs to promote a positive academic environment within the chapter. The committee shall, each academic semester, produce a plan for approval by the Executive Committee that shall include the academic requirements that all potential new members must meet to be eligible to become new members, the academic requirements that all current members must meet to remain in good standing, and the procedures for reconciling the academic standing of any members or members who do not meet the requirements set forth by this plan.

Section 8: Alumni Relations Committee. It shall be the duty of the Alumni Relations Committee to formulate a program by which the interest and cooperation of the alumni may be stimulated, developed, and maintained and to submit the program to the Administrative Committee for approval, to execute the program after it has been approved by the Administrative Committee and the Chapter and to submit reports during weekly Chapter meetings. Section 9: Brotherhood Committee. It shall be the duty of the Brotherhood Committee to organize and administer programs for the good of all members and new members in the Chapter, to submit its programs to the Administrative Committee for approval, to execute the programs after they have been approved, and to submit reports during weekly meetings. Section 10: Recruitment Committee 1. The Director of Recruitment shall serve as chairman of the Recruitment Committee. 20

2. It shall be the duty of the Recruitment Committee to formulate the program for Chapter recruitment, and to submit reports during general body meetings. 3. The Recruitment Committee shall have the power to recommend penalties to the Honor Board to be imposed upon any member for failure or refusal to comply with the adopted recruitment regulations and programs. Section 11: Member Education Committee. It shall be the duty of the Member Education Committee to organize and administer programs for the general education of all members of the chapter on topics related to The Road, to submit its programs to the Administrative Committee for approval, to execute the programs after then have been approved, and to submit reports during regular meetings. Section 12: New Member Education Committee 1. The Director of New Member Education shall serve as chairman of the New Member Education Committee. 2. It shall be the duty of the New Member Education Committee to formulate a program by which the Chapter may instruct the new members in the history, traditions, and organization of the Fraternity, Chapter, and institution and submit it to the Executive Committee for approval, to execute the program after it has been approved by the Executive Committee and the Chapter, and to submit reports during weekly meetings. 3. The New Member Education Committee shall have the power to recommend penalties to the Honor Board to be imposed upon any member or members for failure or refusal to comply with the adopted New Member Education Program. Section 13: Public Relations Committee. It shall be the duty of the Public Relations Committee to formulate a program for the dissemination of effective publicity concerning any member or members of the Fraternity or the Chapter or any function or activity of the Fraternity or of the Chapter which shall have the effect of building goodwill and prestige for the Fraternity and Chapter and to submit the program to the Administrative Committee for approval, to execute the program after it has been approved by the Administrative Committee and the Chapter and to submit reports during weekly Chapter meetings. Section 14: Ritual Committee. The Guide shall serve as chairman of the Ritual Committee. The Ritual Committee shall be charged with the responsibility of maintaining and improving all Ritual equipment, of preparing the general body meeting room for any ritualistic work, and of providing appropriate Ritual Education at each regular meeting. Section 15: Rules Committee. The Sergeant-at-Arms shall serve as chairman of the Rules Committee. The Rules Committee is synonymous with Honor board in name, membership, responsibilities, and limits. It shall be the duty of the Rules Committee to recommend any reasonable revisions of these bylaws and to inform all members of the Chapter of the current bylaws. The Rules Committee shall submit reports during general body meetings when necessary.

21 Section 16: Community Service Committee. The Community Service Chairman shall serve as the Chairman of the Community Service Committee. It shall be the duty of the Community Service Committee to formulate a program to promote Chapter community service activities and events and submit it to the Administrative Committee for approval, to execute the program after it has been approved by the Administrative Committee and the Chapter, to submit reports during weekly meetings. Section 17: Philanthropy Committee. The Philanthropy Chairman shall serve the Chairman of the Philanthropy Committee. It shall be the duty of the Philanthropy Committee to formulate a program to promote Chapter philanthropy activities and events and submit it to the Administrative Committee for approval, to execute the program after it has been approved by the Administrative Committee and the Chapter, to submit reports during weekly meetings. Section 18: Social Committee. It shall be the duty of the Social Committee to formulate a program, within the budgeted allotment for this committee, by which entertainment shall be provided for the Chapter, to employ a program which is in compliance with the MRG, to submit it to the Administrative Committee for approval, to execute the program after it has been approved by the Administrative Committee and the Chapter, and to submit reports during meetings. The Social Committee shall have the power to secure the cooperation of any member or members of the Chapter by any reasonable means. ARTICLE XII: MEETING Section 1: Chapter Meetings Agenda. All general body meetings of the Chapter shall be conducted in the following order: 1. Call to Order 2. Delt Creed 3. Roll Call 4. Reading and Approval of Last Meeting Minutes 5. Executive Officer Reports a. President b. Vice President c. Treasurer d. Secretary e. Recruitment Chairman f. Director of Academic Affairs g. Sergeant-at-Arms/Director of Risk Management h. Guide/New Member Education 6. Administrative Officer Reports a. Social Chairman b. Community Service Chairman

22 c. Brotherhood Chairman d. Philanthropy Chairman e. Road Chairman f. PR Chairman g. Parent/Alumni Chairman 7. Unfinished Business 8.New Business 9. Suggestions for New Membership 10. Roses and Thorns 11. Chapter Advisor Report 12. Adjournment Section 2: Chairman. The President shall serve as the chairman at general body meetings. In the President’s absence, the Vice President shall preside as the interim chairman. Section 3: Regular Meetings. Regular general body meetings shall be held weekly during the year at a time and place to be determined by the chairman. Section 4: Special Meetings. Special meetings of the general body may be called by the chairman for just cause and after giving all members reasonable notice. Section 5: Quorum. Two-thirds of the total active membership of the Chapter shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the act of a majority present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the Chapter, except as otherwise provided by the Constitution and Bylaws of Delta Tau Delta International Fraternity or by these bylaws. Section 6: Attendance Policy. If a member will be absent from a general body meeting, an Executive Committee meeting, an Administrative Committee meeting, any standing committee meeting, or any other mandatory event, he shall notify the committee secretary or chairman, at least six (6) hours before the start time of the meeting or event with a valid excuse. Valid excuses include, but are not limited to: other meetings of student organizations, athletics, and family emergencies. If the member is representing the Chapter in a beneficial way, the member's excuse shall be valid if it is given to the secretary prior to the start of the meeting. The President or the Secretary may be asked to review the validity of an excuse no later than seven days from the time the excuse was given. After three unexcused absences a penalty of at the discretion of the committee chair or the Honor Board will be determined. Section 7: Abstaining. Any member of the active Chapter entitled to vote in general body meetings who is present but does not cast his vote shall be recorded as abstaining. Section 8: Canceling Meetings. The President shall have the power to cancel one general body meeting each month for just cause and after giving all members reasonable notice. Section 9: Dress Code. During special scheduled general body meeting, the attire shall be business dress, which consists of a shirt and tie, dress pants, and dress shoes. This shall be the attire unless dictated otherwise.

23 ARTICLE XIII: RATIFICATION A two-thirds vote of the chapter at any meeting at which quorum is present shall be sufficient to ratify or amend these bylaws. The same vote to ratify these bylaws shall be considered sufficient to permanently repeal any and all pre-existing bylaws of the GVSU Chapter of Delta Tau Delta. These bylaws shall take effect immediately upon ratification by the chapter. ARTICLE XIV: AMENDMENT PROCESS 1. These bylaws may be repealed, altered, or amended at a regular meeting of the chapter, provided that such repeal, alteration, or amendment shall be submitted to the Executive Committee for consideration at least four (4) days prior to the time that such repeal, alteration, or amendment is to be proposed to a meeting of the chapter. 2. If the repeal, alteration, or amendment is approved by the Executive Committee, it shall be referred to the rules committee, which shall check it carefully for clarity of wording and to insure that it does not conflict with the Constitution and Bylaws of the Fraternity or provisions governing fraternities at GVSU. 3. At the next chapter meeting following approval by the administrative committee, the repeal, alteration, or amendment shall be proposed to the chapter which shall decide by majority vote whether a resolution incorporating said repeal, alteration, or amendment shall be submitted to the chapter for vote at the succeeding meeting. 4. At the following meeting, a two-thirds vote of approval for the adoption of the resolution will cause the repeal, alteration, or amendment to become a part of these bylaws. 5. Amendments not receiving the approval of the administrative committee shall be proposed in the manner described in Sections B, C, and D of this Article, but shall require a three-fourths vote for final adoption. Conclusion. Done in general assembly, these bylaws for the GVSU Chapter of Delta Tau Delta Iota Upsilon, of Delta Tau Delta International Fraternity have been approved and ratified on this day, the 23rd day of the month October, in the year Two-Thousand and Sixteen. ARTICLE XV: DISSOLUTION 1. Upon the disbandment of the organization, off-campus and non- Office of Student Life assets and funds should be donated to the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation. Mr. President Mr. Secretary Sergeant-at-Arms

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