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Patron St – St Denis Celebrated for – He was the first bishop of Paris. National Day – 14th July () – Gallic Rooster Around National Anthem: Motto: Liberty, Equality, Fraternity The World

FRANCE: Thursday 2nd April France is divided in 13 regions.

A new map of France reorganised its internal administration, reducing the number of regions from 22 down to 13. After months of debate, resistance, changes, and much reshuffling of cartography, the 13-region version was adopted by the Assemblée Nationale – the lower house of the bicameral Parliament of France – with effect in January 2016 with the aim to simplify bureaucracy and save costs. Until December 2015, the country was previously divided into 22 administrative regions, which in turn are divided into departments. These political and administrative borders are not to be confused with the historical or cultural regions of France, which have and preserve their own character, architecture, traditions, geography, cuisine and even their singular dialects. Strasbourg Lille Montpellier

Marseille Nice

Bordeaux

Toulouse

Lyon The French Regional Food boasts many different dishes and cuisines, each region of France having its own country food, convivial specialities and/ or delicate confectioneries. Cheese

While there are about 1,600 distinct types of French cheese they grouped into eight categories, 'les huit familles de fromage'. There can be many varieties within each type of cheese, leading some to claim closer to 1,000 different types of French cheese. Wine

French wine is produced all throughout France, in quantities between 50 and 60 million hectolitres per year, or 7–8 billion bottles. France is one of the largest wine producers in the world.

Each designation can allow several different types of wine (, rosé, sparkling, etc.). So, when you put it all into perspective, France delivers approximately 2,900 different wines, not taking into account the many thousands of wineries. Patron St – St Denis Celebrated for – He was the first bishop of Paris. National Day – 14th July (Bastille Day) National Emblem – Gallic Rooster Around National Anthem: La Marseillaise Motto: Liberty, Equality, Fraternity The World FRANCE Literacy QUIZ: How much do you know about France?

1- What is the Capital City of France? Paris One mark per correct answer 2- Why is the French flag called Tricolore? Because it has 3 colours 3- What is the first name of President Macron? Emmanuel 4- How many times did France win the football World Cup? twice 5- What fruit is used in a Tarte Tatin? Apple 6- What is the name of the river that goes through Paris? The Seine 7- What type of sporting event is the Tour de France? Cycling 8- Who was Claude Monet? Painter / founder of French Impressionist painting 9- What is Notre Dame? A Cathedral in Paris Belgium, Luxembourg 10- How many countries have a border with France? 8 countries Germany, Switzerland Italy, Spain 8- (Monaco) Give yourself a mark /10 (Andorra) Vous parlez français? Match up the French to the English

1- Hello a- Merci 1- d 2- Good morning b- J’habite à 2- h 3- Goodbye c- Je m’appelle 3- f 4- Please d- Salut 4- j 5- Thank you e- C’est combien? 5- a 6- c 6- My name is f- Au revoir 7- i 7- What is your name? g- Je voudrais une glace, s’il-vous-plait. 8- b 8- I live in h- Bonjour 9- g 9- I would like an ice cream please. i- Comment tu t’appelles? 10- e 10- How much is that? j- S’il-vous-plaît The

- As the 18th century drew to a close, France’s costly involvement in the , and extravagant spending by King Louis XVI and his predecessor, had left the country on the brink of bankruptcy. - Besides, two decades of poor harvests, drought, cattle disease and skyrocketing bread prices had kindled unrest among peasants and the urban poor. Many expressed their desperation and resentment toward a regime that imposed heavy taxes – yet failed to provide any relief – by rioting, looting and striking. - The French Revolution was a time of political and social rebellion in France that began in 1789 because of the inequalities that existed between the rich and poor. - The French Revolution began on July 14th, 1789 when the people of France stormed the Bastille in Paris - a royal fort that had been converted to a prison. - The result of the French Revolution was the end of the monarchy. King Louis XVI was executed in 1793. The revolution ended when Bonaparte took power in November 1799. The symbols of the French Revolution

Tricolor The tricolor cockade was a red, white, and blue The Phrygian , also known as the liberty circular emblem that people wore pinned to their cap, was another item worn by or their coats to show they supported the revolution. . It was a brimless, felt cap It first gained meaning to the revolutionaries when a that was usually red. By the middle of the red and blue cockade (the colours of Paris) was French Revolution, members of the presented to the king after the Storming of the assembly were required to wear the cap. Bastille. Later, Lafayette added white to the cockade to The meaning of the cap came from Ancient represent the king and the entire nation of France. where slaves were given a Phrygian cap when they were set free. Eventually, the tricolor cockade became the symbol of the government. Those who wore the The cockade were considered committed members of the The most fearsome of the symbols of the revolution. Those who didn't were often suspected of French Revolution was the guillotine. This treason and might be thrown into jail or even device was used to execute enemies in a executed. quick and efficient manner. The French Revolution: Read the worksheet and answer the questions The French Revolution

This is a picture from one of the numerous films made about the French Revolution. Describe the picture. What can you see…any symbols? Are there only poor people rioting? How do you think these people are feeling? What do you think they are fighting for? Patron St – St Denis Celebrated for – He was the first bishop of Paris. National Day – 14th July (Bastille Day) National Emblem – Gallic Rooster Around National Anthem: La Marseillaise Motto: Liberty, Equality, Fraternity The World FRANCE Numeracy + Maths! The Euro (sign: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of 19 of the 27 member states of the European Union. This group of states is known as the eurozone or euro area, and counts about 343 million citizens as of 2019.

1 Euro= 0.88 Pound Look at these items and work out how much they cost in Pounds

5 € 129 € 0,87 € 68 € 110 €

£ 4.40 £ 113.50 £ 0.77 £ 59.80 £ 97 Metric vs. imperial systems France adopted the in 1799. Calculate the distance in miles from Calais to Paris and from Paris to Nice.

Calais-Paris : 295 km

Calais-Paris : 183 miles

Paris-Nice : 932 km

Paris-Nice : 578 miles La Tour Eiffel

How tall is the Eiffel Tower in meters and in feet?

1 meter= 3.3 feet

3240 cm

324 meters / 1069 feet Gateau au chocolat

Work out some of the ingredients for the cake recipe using the Imperial system For the Cake: 225g plain flour 350g caster sugar 85 g cocoa powder 250ml milk 125 ml vegetable oil 250 ml boiling water

For the chocolate icing: 200g plain chocolate 200ml double cream Patron St – St Denis Celebrated for – He was the first bishop of Paris. National Day – 14th July (Bastille Day) National Emblem – Gallic Rooster Around National Anthem: La Marseillaise Motto: Liberty, Equality, Fraternity The World FRANCE Science + Exploration! Inventions you did not know were French Inventions you did not know were French Inventions you did not know were French Three French scientists- Case study

Do you know them? Read the slides and take notes. There is a quiz at the end…

Louis Pasteur Marie Curie Albert Calmette French scientists- Louis Pasteur

Pasteur goes by many names in the scientific world. He is known as the father of microbiology and the father of germ theory. He also reduced mortality rates in cases of childbed fever, chicken cholera, anthrax and rabies. He was one of the first scientists to discover that diseases were spread through germs. We can also thank Pasteur for the ways in which milk and wine are treated around the world. His pasteurization method involved heating the liquids to at least 100° Celsius in order to kill bacteria and increase shelf life, and is still used today! Pasteur also went on to found the famous Pasteur Institute in Paris. It was originally created as a place to produce the rabies vaccine, and to study other contagious diseases. The institute brought together many impressive scientists, and allowed them to work together under the same roof. The Pasteur Institute still exists in Paris today, and there are actually 32 other institutes located around the world. Pasteur was one of the first to teach us where disease comes from and how to treat them! French scientists- Marie Curie

Marie Curie was the first woman to ever win a Nobel Prize, and she was also the first person to ever win 2 Nobel Prizes. As a female scientist, Curie had to fight for her place in schools, universities and the field in general. Curie was Polish, but spent much of her adult life in France. It was here that she met her future husband, Pierre Curie, and the pair worked together until Pierre’s untimely death in 1906. In the 19th century, X-Ray machines had already been discovered, but had yet to be deeply studied and understood. Curie worked on the study of uranium (an element used in the machines) for her doctorate degree. Through the use of a device that Pierre and his brother had invented called an electrometer, Curie made some ground breaking discoveries. She was the first to hypothesize that radiation came from uranium itself, and not the reaction of many different elements. This paved the way towards the discovery that atoms were themselves divisible. French scientists- Marie Curie

The Curies discovered 2 different elements through their work: polonium and radium. They were also the first to coin the phrase “radioactivity” through their research. A particularly enlightening discovery that the couple made was that if cancer cells were exposed to radium, they died more quickly that healthy cells. This was a major breakthrough in the treatment of all types of cancer. In 1903, Curie, alongside Pierre and another scientist named Henri Becquere, earned her first Nobel Prize in Physics for her research in radioactivity. She was nearly left out of the prize because of her gender, but Pierre stepped in to make sure she was included. After Pierre’s death, Curie went on to work on her own. She founded the Curie Institute at the Sorbonne University in Paris (which still exists today), and continued her work there. In 1910, she successfully isolated radium. For her work, she was awarded her second Nobel Prize, this time in chemistry. To this day, Curie is only 1 of 2 people to ever win 2 Nobel Prizes in 2 different categories. Curie died in 1934, due to health problems likely caused by her work with radium. She was the first woman to be buried in the Panthéon in Paris. Marie Curie taught us how radium could treat cancer. She also teaches us not to let anything, including gender, get in the way of following our passions. French scientists- Albert Calmette

Albert Calmette was a French scientist that would go on to discover the first antivenom for snake bites, and he also worked towards finding a cure to tuberculosis. Calmette was born in Nice, France in 1863. He had always dreamed of being a doctor for the , and in 1881 he joined School of Naval Physicians in Brest, France. Calmette travelled around the world with the Navy, studying and working in places like Hong Kong and West Africa. He researched diseases carried by mosquitoes, like malaria and elephantiasis. In 1890, he met Pasteur, and was tasked with opening a Pasteur Institute in Saigon, which at the time was in what was called French Indochina. Here, he studied snake venom. Upon returning to France in 1894, he discovered and developed the first ever antivenom serum to treat snake bites! But, what really skyrocketed Calmette to fame in the science world was his work on a vaccine for tuberculosis. In the late 19th century, tuberculosis was the major cause of death across the world. Calmette worked closely with another scientist named Camille Guérin to create a vaccine which they dubbed Bacillum Calmette- Guérin, or BCG. French scientists- QUIZ

- 1- What did Pasteur discover about diseases? They are spread through germs - 2- Pasteur is known as the father of what? Microbiology / germ theory - 3- He discovered Pasteurisation…what is it? heating the liquids to at least 100° Celsius in order to kill bacteria and increase shelf life - 4- Where was Marie Curie originally from? Poland but spent most of her life in France - 5- What did Marie Curie win? 2 Nobel Prizes - 6- Marie Curie’s discovery was a breakthrough in the treatment of which disease? Cancer - 7- Where is she buried? Paris / Panthéon - 8- What did Albert Calmette worked on? (2 things) Antivenom for snake bites / tuberculosis - 9- What vaccine did Calmette create? BCG

Give yourself a mark /10 Patron St – St Denis Celebrated for – He was the first bishop of Paris. National Day – 14th July (Bastille Day) National Emblem – Gallic Rooster Around National Anthem: La Marseillaise Motto: Liberty, Equality, Fraternity The World FRANCE Creative Arts! OPTION 1: Create a French macaroon brand, logo and box .

• You have been asked to create a box for Macaroons (Macarons in French). • You need to design the logo and the box. • Think about using eye catching colours. • Have a catchy name for your brand. (preferably French) • Design your own macaroons – What flavours will you have? What will they look like? OPTION 2: Design a new football kit for the French National Team

- You have been asked to redesign the kit for the French National Team… - What would you change? Why? - Remember to keep the important symbols. Do you know why the kit has two stars?

…because they won the World Cup twice. This is the current kit OPTION 3: Cooking time!

• Ingredients: • 1 cup all-purpose flour • 1 teaspoon sugar • ¼ teaspoon salt • 3 eggs • 2 cups milk • 2 tablespoons butter, melted.

• BON APPÉTIT! OPTION 4: Draw the Eiffel Tower (La Tour Eiffel)

You can draw You can add an Eiffel some colours Tower in 3D OPTION 5: Banner Design

The Bayeux Tapestry is an embroidered cloth nearly 70 metres long and 50 centimetres tall, which depicts the events leading up to the Norman conquest of England concerning William, Duke of Normandy, and Harold, Earl of Wessex, later King of England, and culminating in the Battle of Hastings. It is kept in Bayeux (France) Could you create your own piece of Tapestry.