UNIVERSITY of PENNSYLVANIA
Two Hundred Thirty-Second Commencement for the Conferring of Degrees
FRANKLIN FIELD
Monday, May 16, 1988 SEATING DIAGRAM Guests will find this diagram helpful in locating the approximate seating of the degree candi- dates. The seating roughly corresponds to the order by school in which the candidates for degrees are presented, beginning at top left with the College of Arts and Sciences. The actual se- quence is shown in the Contents on the oppo- site page under Degrees in Course. Reference to the paragraph on page eight describing the colors of the candidates hoods according to their fields of study may further assist guests in placing the locations of the various schools. Contents
Page
Seating Diagram of the Graduating Students 2 The Commencement Ceremony 4 Commencement Notes 6 Degrees in Course 9 The College of Arts and Sciences 9 The College of General Studies 18 The School of Engineering and Applied Science 19 The Wharton School 27 The Wharton Evening School 31 The Wharton Graduate Division 33 The School of Nursing 38 The School of Medicine 40 The Law School 41 The Graduate School of Fine Arts 43 The School of Dental Medicine 46 The School of Veterinary Medicine 47 The Graduate School of Education 48 The School of Social Work 50 The Annenberg School of Communications 51 The Graduate Faculties 52 Certificates 57 General Honors Program 57 Advanced Dental Education 57 Social Work 58 Education 59 Fine Arts 59 Commissions 60 Army 60 Navy 60 Principal Undergraduate Academic Honor Societies 61
Faculty Honors 63 Prizes and Awards 66 Class of 1938 74
Events Following Commencement 75 The Commencement Marshals 76 Academic Honors Insert The Commencement Ceremony
MUSIC The First United States Army Band EDWARD A. GREENE, Conductor and Commander
STUDENT PROCESSION
PROCESSION OF THE CLASS OF 1938
ACADEMIC PROCESSION
OPENING PROCLAMATION ALVIN V. SHOEMAKER, Chairman of the Trustees
INVOCATION STANLEY E. JOHNSON, Chaplain
THE NATIONAL ANTHEM
GREETINGS SHELDON HACKNEY, President
ACADEMIC HONORS MICHAEL T. AIKEN, Provost
CONFERRING OF HONORARY DEGREES The President
JOSEPH W. BURK Varsity Crew Coach, 1950 to 1969 Doctor of Laws B.S. IN ECON., 1934 University of Pennsylvania
ORNETTE COLEMAN Jazz saxophonist, composer Doctor of Music and bandleader
CHARLES D. DICKEY, JR. Director and Retired Chairman Doctor of Laws Scott Paper Company Trustee Emeritus University of Pennsylvania
WILLIAM H. GRAY, III United States Representative Doctor of Laws Second Congressional District of Pennsylvania
VARTAN GREGORIAN President Doctor of Humane Letters New York Public Library Former Provost University of Pennsylvania
HENRY M. HOENIGSWALD Professor Emeritus of Linguistics Doctor of Humane Letters University of Pennsylvania
The audience is requested to stand during the Academic Procession, the Invocation, the singing of the National Anthem and The Red and Blue, and the Benediction, and to remain in place until the Academic Procession has left the field. CHLOE ANTHONY MORRISON Novelist Doctor of Letters
ANNE D HARNONCOURT RISHEL George D. Widener Director Doctor of Fine Arts Philadelphia Museum of Art Member, Board of Overseers Graduate School of Fine Arts
PATRICIA SCHROEDER United States Representative Doctor of Laws First Congressional District of Colorado
FESTIVE ODE FOR AN ACADEMIC OCCASION...Karel Husa The Commencement Chorus and First Army Band BRUCE MONTGOMERY, Conductor
INTRODUCTION OF THE COMMENCEMENT SPEAKER The Provost
COMMENCEMENT ADDRESS THE HONORABLE PATRICIA SCHROEDER, Member of Congress
GREETINGS DAVID P. BALAMUTH, Chair, Faculty Senate
PRESENTATION OF THE FIFTY-YEAR CLASS The President
CONFERRING OF DEGREES IN COURSE The President Candidates are presented by the Deans and the Deputy Provost
CLOSING REMARKS The President
THE RED AND BLUE (By William J. Goeckel, 96 and Harry E. Westervelt, 98) Come all ye loyal classmen now, in hall and campus through, Lift up your hearts and voices for the royal Red and Blue. Fair Harvard has her crimson, old Yale her colors too, But for dear Pennsylvania we wear the Red and Blue. Hurrah! Hurrah! Pennsylvania! Hur- rah for the Red and the Blue: Hurrah! Hurrah! Hurrah! Hurrah! Hurrah for the Red and the Blue.
BENEDICTION The Chaplain
RECESSIONAL Commencement Notes
Commencement exercises at American universities and colleges are traditionally composed of three essential elements: the academic procession, the conferring of degrees and the commencement address. This practice has been codified since 1895, when a national conference on academic costume and ceremony was proposed and a plan known initially as the "Intercollegiate System" was formally adopted. The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania incorporated this code in the statutes of the University in November 1896. Now under the aegis of the American Council of Education, the "Academic Costume Code and Academic Ceremony Guide" has been revised in 1932 and 1960.* Throughout the 20th century commence- ment at Penn has, with minor modifications, followed the dictates of the code and its revisions. By 1896, however, Penn had been granting degrees for nearly one hundred forty years. Like other American colonial colleges, Penn borrowed its 18th century commencement rituals directly from the English universities. In England the history of academic dress reaches back to the early days of the oldest schools. As early as the second half of the fourteenth century, the statutes of certain colleges prohibited "excess in apparel" and required the wearing of a long gown. It is still an open question as to whether academic dress finds its sources chiefly in ecclesiastical or in civilian dress. It is often suggested that gowns and hoods were the simplest, most effective method of staying warm in the unheated, stone buildings which housed medieval scholars. In any case academic costume had evolved to contemporary familiarity by the time Benjamin Franklin was awarded an honorary Doctor of Laws by the University of St. Andrews in Edinburgh in 1759. A replica of what is thought to be his gown—plain black faille, without trimmings except for red buttons fastening the front and the bell shaped sleeves—his hood—solid red faille, lined with ivory silk—and his cap—soft black velvet in square-topped form—is on exhibition at the Penn Infor- mation Center. Two hundred years ago the University of Pennsylvania was located at Fourth and Arch Streets in Philadelphia where it conducted both its arts and medical courses in just two buildings. The Commence- ment of 1788 (see accompanying illustration) conferred a total of just twenty-two degrees—seven Bachelors of Arts, five semi-honorary Masters of Arts, six Bachelors of Medicine, one Doctor of Medicine and three honorary degrees. The program was directed by the Provost, the chief University officer at that time, and included no less than seven student orations, the valedictory address being the most promi- nent among them. The degrees were awarded individually, each diploma signed by the entire faculty. The ceremony was reported in the city newspapers as follows:
On Wednesday last, agreeably to regular appointment, a Commencement was celebrated at the University of Pennsylvania, with the customary solemnities. The trustees and faculty met early in the apparatus chamber, to adjust some preliminary business. A little after 10 o clock passed in procession, followed by the graduates, into the public hall, where a very respectable assembly had already convened. Immediately after, the honorable the Vice Presi- dent and members of the Supreme Executive Council [of the State of Pennsylvania], entered and took their seats. The Rev d the President of New Jersey College, the clergy of the city, and many other persons of eminence, were also present. After the performance of an anthem, vocal and instrumental music coalescing, the provost delivered a solemn prayer adapted to the occasion. Then the exercises took place in the appointed order. . . . The university is under great obligations to Mr. Adgate, who conducted the music on this occasion, heightened much the entertainment of the day; and to the gentlemen who assisted him; but particuarly to the young ladies.
This account of commencement makes it clear that then as now, the meaning and significance of the occasion was the same. It was an event of considerable public significance, attended by the highest ranking elected officers of the state and by distinguished guests invited from other universities. The day was filled with time honored ritual and joyful celebration. The only significant departure from modern practice was the lack of a commencement address.